SI 580 001 FA 2020 Settings Dr. Patricia Garcia Understanding Records & Archives: Principles and Practices University of Michigan School of Information SI 580 / History 600, Fall 2020

Location: Virtual (Links to an Meeting Time: Tuesday 1:00-4:00 pm external site.)

E-Mail: [email protected] Office: 4437 North Quad

Office Hours: Monday 11:00 am-1:00 pm (Links to an Course Website: Canvas SI 580 F20 external site.)

Overview Understanding Archives and Records is an introduction to and overview of the concepts, principles, and issues of managing archives and records. The course will teach students to:

• Become conversant with the basic concepts, practices, and methods used to create, store, organize, and preserve records and archives. • Develop an understanding of the history and evolution of the archival profession • Identify and describe the professional functions of appraisal, acquisition, arrangement, description, access, and outreach • Identify organizational, legal, technological, and cultural factors that have an impact on records and archives • Analyze how organizations and individuals use records and archives for research, ongoing operations, accountability, and organizational memory • Develop a knowledge-base and set of principles for responding to legal, policy, and ethical issues

For students who pursue professional careers in archives and records management, this course provides an introduction to the field; introduces concepts and ideas that will be used in more advanced courses; introduces current issues in the professions; and builds a foundation for internships and professional networking. For students who pursue careers in related information fields, this course introduces broadly applicable concepts used in information management, data curation, information policy, and user services. This course also provides opportunities to build your portfolio of professional skills, in particular: oral presentations; writing and argumentation; problem analysis and problem solving; and teamwork/collaboration. Organization The course is divided into two parts. Part 1: Archives and Records – Concepts, Terminology, and Practice will present the core ideas in archival science that have defined the profession for the past century or more. The purpose of this portion of the course is to master the basic concepts, become familiar with the sources of literature in the field, and establish common ground for addressing archives and records issues and problems. You will get a general overview of widely accepted conventions and practices in archives. Part 2: Current Issues in Archives and Records focuses on important changes in the ways that records and archives are created, used by individuals and organizations, and valued by society. In this section, we will focus on the relationship between archives and the technological, organizational, and political context in which they are created and used. Additional Course Links

• Zoom Course Link (Links to an external site.) • Course Schedule and Readings • Lecture Slides & Recordings • Assignments and Evaluation • Office Hours • Academic Integrity • Student Support • Classroom Etiquette • Additional Resources • Extracurricular Activities Course Schedule - Table

Outcomes Assignment Due Readings

Week 1 (9/1): The Role of Archives in Society • Icebreaker: Show us Students will be something or Optional: able to: someone you • love! (Links to an Punzalan, Ricardo L. "Dear Students: • Explain the Becoming an Archivist in a Time of external relationship Uncertainty and Unrest." The Library site.) Password to between key Quarterly, 87 no. 4 (2017): 303-305. terms such as post: SI580 archive(s), archivist, and record

• Comprehend major assignments and course expectations

Week 2 (9/8): Core Concepts in Archives and Records

Students will be • Due: Mini- • Foote, Kenneth. “To Remember and able to: Assignment Forget: Archives, Memory, and 1- Topic Culture.” American Archivist 53 no. 3 • Explain the Brainstorm (Summer 1990): 378-392. relationship between core • Michelle Caswell, “’The Archive’ is concepts such Not an Archives: Acknowledging the as evidence, Intellectual Contributions of Archival provenance Studies,” Reconstruction: Studies in (respect des Contemporary Culture 16 no. 1 fonds), and (2016), focus on the “Archival original order Studies: An Intellectual History” section (paragraph 6 – 21) • Describe the life cycle and • Millar, Laura. “Archival Institutions: continuum Creatures of History and Culture.” models of Chapter 2 in Archives: Principles and recordkeeping Practices, New York: Neil-Schuman Publishers, 2010: 27-44. • Distinguish between • Hartman, Saidiya. “Venus in Two different types Acts,” small axe 26 (June 2008): 1- of archival 14. institutions • Interpret the role archives play in society

Week 3 (9/15): Record Identification, Acquisition, & Appraisal

Students will be • Class cancelled • Foscarini, Fiorella. “Archival Appraisal able to: in Four Paradigms.” In Terry Eastwood and Heather MacNeil, Eds. • Explain the Currents of Archival Thinking, 2e, strengths and (2017): 109-133. weaknesses of the • Ham, Gerald F. “Archival Choices: documentation Managing the Historical Record in an strategy Age of Abundance,” The American process Archivist 47, no. 1 (Winter 1984), 11– 22. • Comprehend key terms • Hackman, Larry and Joan Warnow- related to Blewett, “The Documentation collection Strategy Process: A Model and a development Case Study,” The American including Archivist 50, no. 1 (January 1, 1987), acquisition, 12–47. collection policy, and gift • Daniels, Caroline, Heather Fox, agreement Sarah-Jane Poindexter, and Elizabeth Reilly, “Saving All the Freaks on the • Evaluate Life Raft: Blending Documentation different Strategy with Community appraisal Engagement to Build a Local Music paradigms Archives,” The American Archivist 78, no. 1 (2015), 238–61. • Comprehend the role of • Review the SAA sample policies and appraisal in deeds for appraisal and acquisition managing collections Week 4 (9/22): Arrangement and Description

• Visit from Caitlin Students will be Pollock, Digital • Yakel, Elizabeth. “Archival able to: Pedagogy Librarian Representation,” Archival Science 3:1 (2003), pp. 1-25. • Differentiate • In-Class between levels Exercise: Instructions • Duff, Wendy M. and Verne Harris, of archival for group work “Stories and Names: Archival processing Description as Narrating Records and Constructing Meanings,” Archival • Identify major Science 2, no. 3–4 (2002): 263–85. components of finding aids • Wood, Stacy, Kathy Carbone, Marika Cifor, Anne Gilliland, and Ricardo • Analyze the Punzalan. “Mobilizing Records: Re- political, social, Framing Archival Description to and cultural Support Human Rights.” Archival implications of Science 14, no. 3–4 (August 31, descriptive 2014): 397–419. practices • Dunham, Elizabeth and Xaviera Flores. “Breaking the Language Barrier: Describing Chicano Archives with Bilingual Finding Aids.” The American Archivist 77, no. 2 (2014).

• Brilmyer, Gracen. "Archival assemblages: applying disability studies’ political/relational model to archival description." Archival Science 18, no. 2 (2018): 95-118.

Week 5 (9/29): Use and Users Students will be Due: Jigsaw Group User Group Cases - Read the article able to: corresponding to the user group you • Sign up here for a have selected. • Describe a user group case. diverse range • Zeitlyn, David. "Anthropology in and of users and • Come prepared to of the archives: Possible futures and uses answer the following contingent pasts. Archives as questions about anthropological surrogates." Annual • Evaluate the your user case: Review of Anthropology 41 (2012): specific needs 461-480. and o 1) Who is your requirements of user group? • Garcia, Patricia. "Accessing Archives: diverse users Teaching with Primary Sources in K– 2) How do they and uses o 12 Classrooms." The American use archives? Archivist 80, no. 1 (2017): 189-212. • Analyze the 3) Do they have implications of o • Elizabeth Yakel and Laura Bost. any unique diverse user “Understanding Administrative Use needs that an needs on and Users in University archivist should professional Archives.” The American Archivist 57, consider? work no. 4 (September 1, 1994): 596–615. • Due: Mini- Assignment 2 - Platform Features • Elizabeth Yakel and Deborah Torres. “Genealogists as a ‘Community of Records.’” The American Archivist 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 93–113.

• Diana K. Wakimoto, Christine Bruce, and Helen Partridge, "Archivist as Activist: Lessons from Three Queer Community Archives in California," Archival Science 13, no. 4 (2013), 293-316.

• Frank, Rebecca D., Elizabeth Yakel, and Ixchel M. Faniel. “Destruction/reconstruction: Preservation of Archaeological and Zoological Research Data,” Archival Science 15, no. 2 (2015): 141–67.

• Mattock, Lindsay K., and Eleanor Mattern. "Looking at Archives in Cinema: Recent Representations of Records in Motion Pictures." (2015).

• Carbone, Kathy. "Artists in the archive: an exploratory study of the Artist-in-Residence Program at the City of Portland Archives & Records Center." Archivaria 79 (2015): 27-52.

Week 6 (10/6): Constructing Race in the Archive

Students will be • Due: Mini- • Sutherland, Tonia. "Making a Killing: able to: Assignment 3 - On Race, Ritual, and (Re)Membering User Needs in Digital Culture." PDT&C (2017): 32- • Discuss how 40. race is constructed • Farmer, Ashley. "Archiving While and Black." Black Perspectives reconstructed (2018). (Links to an external site.) through archival • Ghaddar, Jamila J. "The spectre in narratives the archive: Truth, reconciliation, and indigenous archival memory." Archivaria 82, no. 1 (2016): 3-26.

• Cotera, Maria. "“Invisibility Is an Unnatural Disaster”: Feminist Archival Praxis After the Digital Turn." South Atlantic Quarterly 114, no. 4 (2015): 781-801.

Week 7 (10/13): Cultural & Ethical Contexts Students will be • Wexler, Geoff and Linda Long. able to: “Lifetimes and Legacies: Mortality, Immortality, and the Needs of Aging • Analyze the and Dying Donors,” The American larger cultural Archivist 72:2 (2009), pp. 478-495. and ethical contexts in which • Livia Iacovino, “Rethinking Archival, archivists and Ethical and Legal Frameworks for records Records of Indigenous Australian professionals Communities: A Participant carry out their Relationship Model of Rights and work Responsibilities.” Archival Science 10 (2010): 353–72.

• George, Christine Anne, “Archives Beyond the Pale: Negotiating Legal and Ethical Entanglements after the Belfast Project.” American Archivist 76: 1 (2013), 47-67.

• Christen, Kimberly. “Opening Archives: Respectful Repatriation,” The American Archivist 74, no. 1 (2011), 185–210.

Week 8 (10/20): Legal Contexts

Students will be • Due: Mini- • Sara S. Hodson, “In Secret Kept, In able to: Assignment 4 - Silence Sealed: Privacy in the Papers Contexts of Authors and Celebrities,” The • Analyze the American Archivist 67(2) (Fall/Winter • broad legal In class 2004): 194-211. contexts in which exercise: Thurgood archivists and Marshall • Shepherd, Elizabeth. “Right to records Papers Instrument of Information.” In Terry Eastwood and professionals Gift. Heather MacNeil, Eds. Currents of carry out their Archival Thinking, 2e, (2017): 247- work 269.

• Jean Dryden, “The Role of Copyright in the Selection for Digitization,” The American Archivist 77(1) (Spring/Summer 2014): 64-95.

• Eric Ketelaar, “The Right to Know, the Right to Forget? Personal Information in Public Archives,” Archives and Manuscripts 23 (1995): 8-17.

Week 9 (10/27): Professional Ethics and Responsibility

Students will be Links for in class • Dingwall, Glenn. "Trusting archivists: able to: exercise: The role of archival ethics codes in establishing public faith." The • Describe • ALA-SAA Joint American Archivist 67, no. 1 (2004): professional Statement on 11-30. ethics Access: Guidelines

statements for Access to Original Research • Jarrett M. Drake, “Insurgent Citizens: • Analyze how Materials The Manufacture of Police Records in professional Post-Katrina New Orleans and Its ethic provide • Society of American Implications for Human principles and Archivists, Core Rights,” Archival Science 14, no. 3–4 guidance for Values of Archivists (July 16, 2014), 365–80. finding an and Code of Ethics acceptable for Archivists • Punzalan, Ricardo L., and Michelle balance Caswell. "Critical directions for • between International Council archival approaches to social justice." privacy and on Archives, Code The Library Quarterly 86, no. 1 of Ethics access, (2016): 25-42. security and • First Archivist Circle, disclosure, • Williams, Stacie. “Implications of Archival “Protocols for Native Labor.” On Archivy Blog author and/or American Archival donor Materials,” last restrictions and updated (2007). researchers’ right to know

• Reflect on the nature of archival labor and practice

Week 10 (11/3): Outreach and Access Students will be • Due: Group Peer • Wood, Stacy E. “Police Body able to: Critique Cameras and Professional Responsibility: Public Records and • Describe how • You will be Private Evidence.” Preservation, archivists are meeting with peers Digital Technology & Culture, 46 no.1: improving to discuss your 41-51. access to digital archive. You archival should come • Conway, Paul. "Digital sources by prepared with any transformations and the archival actively questions and the nature of surrogates." Archival engaging in ability to Science 15, no. 1 (2015): 51-69. digitization succinctly projects that communicate the • McCausland, Sigrid. “Archival Public facilitate design of your Programming.” In Terry Eastwood discovery and digital archive. and Heather MacNeil, Eds. Currents remote use of of Archival Thinking, 2e, (2017): 225- records and 244. archives. • Williams, Amy. "Participation, • Analyze issues Collaboration, and Community Building in with designing Digital Repositories/Participation, collaboration et développement and building communautaire dans les dépôts digital numériques." Canadian Journal of collections, Information and Library Science 39, no. 3 such as issues (2015): 368-376. concerning selection, ownership, rights, purpose, and presentation along with the technical challenges.

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Week 11 (11/10): A New Vision Students will be • Due: SAA • Christen, Kimberly, and Jane able to: Advocacy Anderson. "Toward slow Proposal archives." Archival Science 19, no. 2 • Discuss new (2019): 87-116. perspectives in o Example archival studies 1: Three- • Sangwand, T-Kay. "Preservation is that explicitly Dimensional Political: Enacting Contributive contend with Objects in Two- Justice and Decolonizing power in society Dimensional Transnational Archival Spaces Collaborations." KULA: knowledge creation, dissemination, and o Example 2: preservation studies 2, no. 1 (2018). Accrediting

Archival Programs • Cifor, Marika, and Stacy Wood. "Critical feminism in the o Example 3: Flint archives." Journal of Critical Library Water Crisis and Information Studies 1, no. 2 (2017).

• Wakimoto, Diana K., Christine Bruce, and Helen Partridge. "Archivist as activist: lessons from three queer community archives in California." Archival Science 13, no. 4 (2013): 293- 316.

Week 12 (11/17): Community Archives + Presentation Day 1 • Copy of group Students will be presentation due • Caswell, Michelle, Marika Cifor, and able to: Mario H. Ramirez. "“To Suddenly • You will be Discover Yourself Existing”: • Define the presenting a Uncovering the Impact of Community unique complete draft of Archives." The American Archivist 79, characteristics your digital archive no. 1 (2016): 56-81. of community to peers via brief archives presentations. • Sheffield, Rebecka. “Community Archives.” In Terry Eastwood and • Explain how Heather MacNeil, Eds. Currents of community Archival Thinking, 2e, (2017): 351- archives 376. represent a shift away from • Flinn, Andrew, Mary Stevens, and classic Elizabeth Shepherd. "Whose Memories, Whose Archives? hierarchical Independent Community Archives, organizations Autonomy and the Mainstream." Archival science 9, no. • Brainstorm 1-2 (2009): 71. collaborative possibilities • Yaco, Sonia, Ann Jimerson, Laura between Caldwell Anderson, and Chanda Temple. traditional and "A web-based community-building community archives project: a case study of Kids in archives Birmingham 1963." Archival Science 15, no. 4 (2015): 399-427.

Week 13 (12/01): Course Review + Presentation Day 2

Students will be • You will be able to: presenting a • Articulate major complete draft of takeaway from your digital archive course content to peers via brief and presentations. assignments • URL for digital • Critique peers’ archive due work December 4.