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Ftenrurces Rruo Loc* Lsun Oru Jnvn Huub De Jonge Mnnruz Nl-Ttnutsi lNDONESlAN,rounuL FoR rsLAMrc sTUDIES Volume5, Number2,1998 FtenruRces Rruo Loc* lsuN oru Jnvn Huub de Jonge MnnruZ nl-Ttnutsi (0. 1338/te1e1: Aru lrurru-ecruAL BtocnRpHv Abduirahman Mas'ud lsllrrr OaseRVED:THE CnsE or CorurEuponRRv MRuvstR Laurent Metzger "TnE Cusn oF ClvlLlzATloN"; A Pnocruosts oF THE Furune oR THE Lunr or rnE Pnsr Taufik Abdullah tsisN 0215-0492 $II]DHN,Ail|ilfi ffi Vol.v n0.2,1998 Epnoruer Boanp' Harun Nasution Mnstuhu M. Quraish Shihab A. Aziz Dahlan M. Satria Et't'endi Nabilah Lubis M. Yunnn Yusuf Komaruddin Hidayat M. Din Syamsuddin Muslim Nasution Wahib Mu'thi Eprron-rx-Cnrrp, Azyumardi Azra Eonons, Saiful Mujani Hendro Prasetyo lohan H. Meuleman Didin Syat'ruddin Ali Munhanif Assisrelirs ro rHE EDrroR: Arief Subhan Oman Fathurrahman Heni Nuroni Er.rcr-rsH LeNcuecs Aovrson' Donald Potter Anesrc LeNcuecn Aovrson, Nursamad CovrR DrsrcNrn' S. Prinka STUDIA ISLAMIKA (ISSN 0215-049D is a journal published quarterly by the lnstitut Agama Islnm Negeri IAIN, the State lnstitute t'or Ishrmic Studied Syarif Hidayatullah, Jnkarta. (SIT DEPPEN No. L29/SK/DITIENIPPGISTT/l.97O and sponsored by the Depnrtment of Religious At't'airs of the Republic of Indonesia. It specializes in Indonesian lslamic studies, and is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions t'rom scholars of related disci- plines. All nrticles published do not necessarily represent the aiews of the journal, or other institutions to which it is ffiliated. They are solely the aiews of the authors. The articles contained in this journal haoe been ret'ereed by the Board of Editors. Laurent Metzger Islam Observed: The Case of Contemporary Malaysia't Abstraksi: Fenomena kebanghitan Islam di Malaysia tidak menarik banyak perhatian Fngamdt dibandingkan dengan fenomena serupa di negdrd-negara Timur Tengah, Afrikd Utara, Asia Tengah atau Selatan. Sama dengan negard-negara lain yang brpenduduk Muslim di Asia Teng- gara, Malqtsia lebih sering didnggdp sebagai uilryah yang secma geografis jauh dzripusat kkm. Oleh sebabitu,prkembangan kkm dinegaraterse- but tidak banyak diketahui dunia luar, baik, di kakngan masymakat Mus- lim sendiri maupun pmgdmdt Islam (Islamicist) di Eropa dan Amerika Uara. Jika diamati secdrd lebih dekat, perkembangan Islam di Malaysia sela- rna dua dekzde terakhir terbilang sangat pesdt. Dibanding periode wbe- lumnya, Islam umpak mqambah furbagai sisi kebidupan masyarakat, muki dari sektor ekonomi, pmdidikan sampai politik. lVacana Islam yang muncul sering tidak diternui presedcnnya di negara-negma Muslim kin, sehingga dalam beberapa segi Iskm Malaysia berhasil membentuk karak- teristiknya sendiri yang khas dan mmjadi pioner serta model bagi sebagi- anma4wakatMuslim kin. Sejak Malaysia memperoleh kemerdekaan dari Ingris pada Agustus 1957, pemrinah pribumi memberi perhatian khusus terhadap pkrmbang- an Islam. Tunhu Abdul Rahman, Perdana Menteri pertamd, misalnya, berinisiatif mengadakan progrdm Musabaqah Tilauatil Qur'an dan Tabun gan Haji (I abungHqi). Meskipun demikian, perkemban gan Iskm di Malaysia baru mengalami kemajuan paling pesat di bauah pmerinah- an Perdana Mentpri Dr. Mahatir Muhammad. Tidak kurang dari dua pu- luh masjid besar dan megah yang tersebar di seluruh negara baginn didiri- kan pemerintahan ini. 49 Stud;a Islqmikd, Vol, 5, No. 2, 1998 50 ltmtMet4n Kebijakan hlam pnerinrah Malayna tidak wrbaas pada pmbangunan sardna fsik ibddah dan peningkaan aktioitas ritual. Bidang pendidikan, misalnya, mengakmi transformasi fusar-besaran dzkm aspk kurikulurn, he lembagaan dan orientasinya. Mentri Pendidikan Datuk Sui Najib Tun Abdul Razak sejak lama mencanangkan prbaikan kuikulum sekolah agdma. Di antaranyaddaldh dengan cardmetnasukkan ke dalam kuriku- lum mau pkjaran sains dan ilmu umum. Kebijakzn ini bukan dimak- sudknn untuk menghapus atau meminimalisasi mudtan agama pada seko lahseko lah wsebut. Transformasi pendidikzn dasar dan menengah agama selanjutnya diteruskan pada nansfonnasi tinghzt pmdidikan tingr, Pada 1953 p- merinah Malayia mendirikan Univrias Islam Antarbangsa (UIA) de- ngan mendaungkzn dosm dari bubagai negara Iskm. Dirmcanakan, juga akan bqdiri Uniaeritas Studi Iskm dnn Uniaersitas Teknologi Iskmyang saat ini sudah mulai menerima mahasiswa. selain pembmtukan institui, punrintah juga mendorong wjalinnya jaringan kerja secard intqnasio- nal. Kohj Dmul Ehsan di negara bagian Selangor, miwlnya, mrrtjalin kerjasama pmyelmgmaan pmdidikan dcngan Universiws Yarmuk, Jor- daniz. Keberbasilan ini tentu tidak dapat dilepaskan dai pertumbuhan e konomi Malayia yan g wbikng tin gt. Sepmi dikzahui, sejak t 960-an pemrinuh Malaysiarclab mmcanangkaa Tabung Ha1i. Lembagaini ke- mudian menjadi cikal-bahzl dzi lembaga dan kzgtaan ekonomi Iskm sekzrang. Tabung Haji berfungsi tidak sekedar sebagai lembaga keuang- an untuk mengatur umat Islam yang hmdak pugi mmunaikan ibadzh baji; lembaga ini mampu melcbarkzn kiprah ekonominyamenjadi bank, biro prjalanan, asuransi dan bahkan kontraktor. Fmomma kkrn seperti ini yang membedakan Malaysia dari negara- negdra Muslim kin. Pada tingkat tmenu4, hhususnya dakm kcgiaan e konomi, Malay sa dapat disebut sebagai pioner pngembang sisum ekon orni Iskm. Paling tidak terdapat dtu alasan kunci yang mmganurkan Malay- siz menuju anggd keberhasilan. Pertama, pmrinub secdra sistematis menerapkdn pndekawn kkm yang moderat dan partistpatif sejak auat dimulainya suatu progrdm. lznghah ini diumpuh mekluf sosialisasi, semi- ,{ d* konferensi yangmelibatkan berbagai kakngan. Kedua, panrin- tah tidak membiarkan terladinya dorninasi dgdmd oleh seketoripok kecit ulama, melainkan rnembuka rpardnd Islam seluas-lusnya bpofu masyd- rakat Diarytbah fungan penryunadn instumen modern, sepmi temb)ga pmelitizn dan tekno logi, proses Iskmisasi di Malaysia memperlihatkan kz- ungulannya. Studia Islamiha, Vol 5, No. 2, 199g a'J-a \! , J J J- 'JJ ldj=Jl. i.ri?i:1lh :fu 31toll p1t.''Ill ipl*oll ol ;a+$l ,'":1 .rc;-j L-rk f.y-Yl drt+jil ;ftb F / :a.r)tr JLo-r r,-b-y!t crlJl Jy: ,_f o#l"ill ,rlrJl{ c d}ai#- g;"rJl ,riJ! J-rd q*,JU JUI ,j-o 6s .q.*t L*T-r JE*J)\ L*T: t+;f i' :.i ai.tj, -r-t; L- l,,jf t-,"rt oli dr*l*It oK*Jt .rl.r 6;!l I ilJJl 'j3 ; g)\*!t ,-# Jli d,UJJ .E)L)t f -r V trtF ,y eP gi ,<-*ui dJ"l*ll e\3* cV1U;t ; oyrSl\ a:.o ,-:.,t, .aJtJil K-yisL,tsI C l)\-!t, ;rrdJt g1-!1 or6,-i 6-|,l l *]pAl olj a-i: -Si ;-E c;Ji t t:1, .r-ii r,+lj \-';jJ q*rJl1 l-r.f lrLr-:;l .r+;p!t #ri,Jl .l l;;Jrr. a-Ujl ;* rl-ul cqrt^..*,!l ;+1 +lF .;l* ; cs7*,_ p)L")t ,ab .J!'J;l ay)\*!l ,u*!t, .4r-LJl ;UIl d- q_,ry'u a;:La:i)l ay),*Yl t- tA -b_t u t"5 ar-!t JlrJr Lt' k.i#,- I Ca*JlI JLe Li a,t +y*!l f+,L.- \.;y^; Of qrL i J3^iJl LlF.,.l u- .e;!t 4r.>\-Yl ot'^:=-lJ l-*iy'f otWJ k o:jLf a.pB j:, J>W--l .,y--11 l.r-;l u.64tir a.rtb-)t ur{+t c-JJi -r.;j c1l;.2J1 ,-rJ_r t:U S ,l \ 1oV o^bei .,; ,r^.U"Jl aruritl .f l;;Jt- 5 1 Stndia Islaniha, Vol, 5, No. 2, 1998 lzurent Met4er 44t*. *\f|. )\:;. ltuanku Abdul Rahman) d.frl + f;\-f ,J:trt CJi g.-r c(rabong Haji) '6!1 ,!o.' 7sp ,AIs e5Jl JTll ;J)uj ,*\;l\ a'Jt- W C U.o$l ,Lr:1)1 1-rA l)\-yJ + "4t "(.1 f ,F ) 1,. cL+ i u"* c(MahatirMuhammad) re -hV ,-f t\ ...rli!rl .;l:t t.,;u;" Jt-fl Cbs,1J5 L,t-> ,JF "e a;:[t ;-{vis ]u;jl oe ,Jr EtUt a,fJI a*t*"" t'n; I J ra-.; ri Jtjll J..* ,]r F],.:JU cLa-rJ1 U.llt C f A Ly i:Ul NJil.;-**"Ljly;,,"1r-rJ1 6nl-lll-r ol+!1 c-r- dt^#e !,; r<; (Datuk Sri Najib Tun Abdul it;)l {e o} t9y .{yl: r,n =4 JJl j-r^ Lr" 4j-lJJt g,rtJl J^---*J bS* i-r-- -tt . .r; a^*! Razak) It-hijl 1i-6 elJ,--! f l-t cQli a,Ul :1y,11 Jt-:! JU:y cqa.ril u"rl.rll --t j-q;; gUq -Jl oja l:r,trr, -di g Jt .s;!t cr"Jlrll ; "' iJ-#^:'ry\sJrtrr i*-r-rr J,-rr.r ffili*i aJUl cr.y-jt a.*.L+l a-,-rLll a*,JfJt.:'t*;i; <,aJuil il-.Jl u- ,-*sx. cilJ p\ 1Af i;* (Universitas IslamAntarbangsa(UIA)) .rL-lr.rjl a.r,t-e- e.l-.:il l*r, f" ,tig3:tt UJ .+.)*jl JJJ1 .iL9 JJJ olt ,-,t .lt tj# ajlJl ay)\*!l LF"l-rSel ar."|*-1 +y-)1 ,t-*! e-,r{Jt g! lz,"i Cx-r .rr*3l1 a"ul Jl a;|;!!: ..:>UJt (Kolej Darul Ehsan) Ol*r-Vl ;1: a-.If rlL! -u.ii (aJ,b +1Lj a(; J|= .t' .t:;)! Jr"rl," Lf g. ipUi r;r, )\:r lserangoD ,,-raL 'trt&' :Jl Stadia klamiba, Vol, 5, No. 2, 1998 Ishm Obsred .u.i 1", I'rt ,W ! JL+1 U" .,i .*)A.r:il o1-rt.4!1 o! oF ,-r-trJl y. LJy col-q;*. .,i ULt J+ c;:L,a:i\ f A !lt- q a.J<t\ ,t--Fl -r.6". U ;ey crrla;*Jl i.? 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