Gillespie SEZ Analysis
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1 8.3 GILLESPIE 2 3 4 8.3.1 Background and Summary of Impacts 5 6 7 8.3.1.1 General Information 8 9 The proposed Gillespie SEZ is located in Maricopa County in west–central Arizona 10 (Figure 8.31.1-1). The SEZ has a total area of 2,618 acres (11 km2). In 2008, the county 11 population was 3,958,263. The nearest town is Arlington, about 7 mi (11 km) northeast of the 12 SEZ, with a population of less than 500, while the larger town of Buckeye is located about 17 mi 13 (27 km) northeast and has a population of more than 50,000. Phoenix, Arizona, is approximately 14 50 mi (48 km) northeast of the SEZ. 15 16 The nearest major road access to the SEZ is via Old U.S. 80, which runs north–south 17 3 mi (5 km) from the eastern tip of the Gillespie SEZ. The nearest railroad is a branch of the 18 UP Railroad that passes within 0.5 mi (0.8 km) of the northwestern edge of the SEZ, and the 19 nearest stop is in Buckeye, 20 mi (30 km) northeast of the SEZ. The nearest airport is the 20 Buckeye Municipal Airport, 20 mi (32 km) from the SEZ, which does not have scheduled 21 commercial passenger service. Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport is located 59 mi 22 (95 km) away in Phoenix, Arizona. 23 24 A 500-kV transmission line runs within 0.5 mi (0.8 km) of the proposed SEZ. It is 25 assumed that this existing transmission line would provide access from the SEZ to the 26 transmission grid (See Section 8.3.1.1.2). 27 28 As of February 2010, there were no ROW applications for solar projects within the SEZ; 29 however, there were four ROW applications for solar projects that would be located within 50 mi 30 (80 km) of the SEZ. These applications are discussed in Section 8.3.22.2.1. 31 32 The proposed Gillespie SEZ is undeveloped and rural, with few permanent residents in 33 the immediate area. The SEZ is located to the southeast of the Harquahala Basin, in a valley 34 between the Gila Bend Mountains to the southwest and Centennial Wash to the northeast. Land 35 within the SEZ is undeveloped scrubland characteristic of a semiarid desert valley. 36 37 The proposed Gillespie SEZ and other relevant information are shown in 38 Figure 8.3.1.1-1. The criteria used to identify the proposed Gillespie SEZ as an appropriate 39 location for solar energy development included proximity to existing transmission or designated 40 corridors, proximity to existing roads, a slope of generally less than 2%, and an area of more than 41 2,500 acres (10 km2). In addition, the area was identified as being relatively free of other types 42 of conflicts, such as USFWS-designated critical habitat for threatened and endangered species, 43 ACECs, SRMAs, and NLCS lands (see Section 2.2.2.2 for the complete list of exclusions). 44 Although these classes of restricted lands were excluded from the proposed Gillespie SEZ, other 45 restrictions might be appropriate. The analyses in the following sections evaluate the affected Draft Solar PEIS 8.3-1 December 2010 1 2 FIGURE 8.3.1.1-1 Proposed Gillespie SEZ Draft Solar PEIS 8.3-2 December 2010 1 environment and potential impacts associated with utility-scale solar energy development in the 2 proposed SEZ for important environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic resources. 3 4 As initially announced in the Federal Register on June 30, 2009, the proposed Gillespie 5 SEZ encompassed 3,970 acres (16 km2). Subsequent to the study area scoping period, the 6 boundaries of the proposed Gillespie SEZ were altered somewhat to facilitate BLM 7 administration of the SEZ area. The revised SEZ is approximately 1,352 acres (5.5 km2) smaller 8 than the original SEZ as published in June 2009. 9 10 11 8.3.1.2 Development Assumptions for the Impact Analysis 12 13 Maximum solar development of the Gillespie SEZ is assumed to be 80% of the SEZ 14 area over a period of 20 years, a maximum of 2,094 acres (8.5 km2). These values are shown 15 in Table 8.3.1.2-1, along with other development assumptions. Full development of the 16 Gillespie SEZ would allow development of facilities with an estimated total of 233 MW of 17 electrical power capacity if power tower, dish engine, or PV technologies were used, assuming 18 9 acres/MW (0.04 km2/MW) of land required, and an estimated 419 MW of power if solar 19 trough technologies were used, assuming 5 acres/MW (0.02 km2/MW) of land required. 20 21 Availability of transmission from SEZs to load centers will be an important consideration 22 for future development in SEZs. The nearest existing transmission line is a 500-kV line that runs 23 less than 1 mi (1.6 km) west of the SEZ. At full build-out capacity, it is possible that new 24 25 TABLE 8.3.1.2-1 Proposed Gillespie SEZ—Assumed Development Acreages, Solar MW Output, Access Roads, and Transmission Line ROWs Assumed Distance Assumed Total Acreage Maximum Distance to and Capacity Area of and Assumed SEZ Output Nearest State, of Nearest Transmission Distance to Developed for Various U.S. or Existing Line ROW Nearest Acreage Solar Interstate Transmission and Road Designated (80% of Total) Technologies Highway Line ROW Corridore 2,618 acres and 233 MWb and Old U.S. 80 <1 mi and 0 acres and Adjacent 2,094 acresa 419 MWc 3 mid 500 kV 22 acres a To convert acres to km2, multiply by 0.004047. b Maximum power output if the SEZ were fully developed using power tower, dish engine, or PV technologies, assuming 9 acres/MW (0.04 km2/MW) of land required. c Maximum power output if the SEZ were fully developed using solar trough technologies, assuming 5 acres/MW (0.02 km2/MW) of land required. d To convert mi to km, multiply by 1.609. e BLM-designated corridors are developed for federal land use planning purposes only and are not applicable to state-owned or privately owned land. Draft Solar PEIS 8.3-3 December 2010 1 transmission and/or upgrades of existing transmission lines would be required to bring electricity 2 from the proposed Gillespie SEZ to load centers; however, at this time the location and size of 3 such new transmission facilities are unknown. Generic impacts of transmission and associated 4 infrastructure construction and of line upgrades for various resources are discussed in Chapter 5. 5 Project-specific analyses would need to identify the specific impacts of new transmission 6 construction and line upgrades for any projects proposed within the SEZ. 7 8 For purposes of analysis in the PEIS, it was assumed that the existing 500-kV 9 transmission line, which runs very close to the proposed SEZ (within 0.5 mi [0.8 km]), could 10 provide access to the transmission grid, and thus no additional acreage disturbance for 11 transmission line access was assessed. Access to the existing transmission line was assumed, 12 without additional information on whether this line would be available for connection of future 13 solar facilities. If a connecting transmission line were constructed in the future to connect 14 facilities within the SEZ to a different off-site grid location from the one assumed here, site 15 developers would need to determine the impacts from construction and operation of that line. In 16 addition, developers would need to determine the impacts of line upgrades if they are needed. 17 18 An additional 22 acres (0.9 km2) would be needed for new road access to support solar 19 energy development in the Gillespie SEZ, as summarized in Table 8.3.1.2-1. This estimate was 20 based on the assumption that a new 3-mi (5-km) access road to the nearest major road, Old 21 U.S. 80, would support construction and operation of solar facilities. 22 23 24 8.3.1.3 Summary of Major Impacts and SEZ-Specific Design Features 25 26 In this section, the impacts and SEZ-specific design features assessed in Sections 8.3.2 27 through 8.3.21 for the proposed Gillespie SEZ are summarized in tabular form. Table 8.3.1.3-1 is 28 a comprehensive list of impacts discussed in these sections; the reader may reference the 29 applicable sections for detailed support of the impact assessment. Section 8.3.22 discusses 30 potential cumulative impacts from solar energy development in the proposed SEZ. 31 32 Only those design features specific to the proposed Gillespie SEZ are included in 33 Sections 8.3.2 through 8.3.21 and in the summary table. The detailed programmatic design 34 features for each resource area to be required under BLM’s Solar Energy Program are presented 35 in Appendix A, Section A.2.2. These programmatic design features would also be required for 36 development in this and other SEZs. 37 38 39 40 Draft Solar PEIS 8.3-4 December 2010 D raft Solar PEIS raft SolarPEIS TABLE 8.3.1.3-1 Summary of Impacts of Solar Energy Development within the Proposed Gillespie SEZ and SEZ-Specific Design Featuresa Resource Area Environmental Impacts—Proposed Gillespie SEZ SEZ-Specific Design Features Lands and Realty Full development of the SEZ could disturb up to 2,618 acres (11 km2).