Current Trends in Dynamical Systems and the Mathematical Legacy of Rufus Bowen
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A Tour Through Mirzakhani's Work on Moduli Spaces of Riemann Surfaces
BULLETIN (New Series) OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY Volume 57, Number 3, July 2020, Pages 359–408 https://doi.org/10.1090/bull/1687 Article electronically published on February 3, 2020 A TOUR THROUGH MIRZAKHANI’S WORK ON MODULI SPACES OF RIEMANN SURFACES ALEX WRIGHT Abstract. We survey Mirzakhani’s work relating to Riemann surfaces, which spans about 20 papers. We target the discussion at a broad audience of non- experts. Contents 1. Introduction 359 2. Preliminaries on Teichm¨uller theory 361 3. The volume of M1,1 366 4. Integrating geometric functions over moduli space 367 5. Generalizing McShane’s identity 369 6. Computation of volumes using McShane identities 370 7. Computation of volumes using symplectic reduction 371 8. Witten’s conjecture 374 9. Counting simple closed geodesics 376 10. Random surfaces of large genus 379 11. Preliminaries on dynamics on moduli spaces 382 12. Earthquake flow 386 13. Horocyclic measures 389 14. Counting with respect to the Teichm¨uller metric 391 15. From orbits of curves to orbits in Teichm¨uller space 393 16. SL(2, R)-invariant measures and orbit closures 395 17. Classification of SL(2, R)-orbit closures 398 18. Effective counting of simple closed curves 400 19. Random walks on the mapping class group 401 Acknowledgments 402 About the author 402 References 403 1. Introduction This survey aims to be a tour through Maryam Mirzakhani’s remarkable work on Riemann surfaces, dynamics, and geometry. The star characters, all across Received by the editors May 12, 2019. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 32G15. c 2020 American Mathematical Society 359 License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see https://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use 360 ALEX WRIGHT 2 3117 4 5 12 14 16 18 19 9106 13 15 17 8 Figure 1.1. -
2010 Table of Contents Newsletter Sponsors
OKLAHOMA/ARKANSAS SECTION Volume 31, February 2010 Table of Contents Newsletter Sponsors................................................................................ 1 Section Governance ................................................................................ 6 Distinguished College/University Teacher of 2009! .............................. 7 Campus News and Notes ........................................................................ 8 Northeastern State University ............................................................. 8 Oklahoma State University ................................................................. 9 Southern Nazarene University ............................................................ 9 The University of Tulsa .................................................................... 10 Southwestern Oklahoma State University ........................................ 10 Cameron University .......................................................................... 10 Henderson State University .............................................................. 11 University of Arkansas at Monticello ............................................... 13 University of Central Oklahoma ....................................................... 14 Minutes for the 2009 Business Meeting ............................................... 15 Preliminary Announcement .................................................................. 18 The Oklahoma-Arkansas Section NExT ............................................... 21 The 2nd Annual -
Effective S-Adic Symbolic Dynamical Systems
Effective S-adic symbolic dynamical systems Val´erieBerth´e,Thomas Fernique, and Mathieu Sablik? 1 IRIF, CNRS UMR 8243, Univ. Paris Diderot, France [email protected] 2 LIPN, CNRS UMR 7030, Univ. Paris 13, France [email protected] 3 I2M UMR 7373, Aix Marseille Univ., France [email protected] Abstract. We focus in this survey on effectiveness issues for S-adic sub- shifts and tilings. An S-adic subshift or tiling space is a dynamical system obtained by iterating an infinite composition of substitutions, where a substitution is a rule that replaces a letter by a word (that might be multi-dimensional), or a tile by a finite union of tiles. Several notions of effectiveness exist concerning S-adic subshifts and tiling spaces, such as the computability of the sequence of iterated substitutions, or the effec- tiveness of the language. We compare these notions and discuss effective- ness issues concerning classical properties of the associated subshifts and tiling spaces, such as the computability of shift-invariant measures and the existence of local rules (soficity). We also focus on planar tilings. Keywords: Symbolic dynamics; adic map; substitution; S-adic system; planar tiling; local rules; sofic subshift; subshift of finite type; computable invariant measure; effective language. 1 Introduction Decidability in symbolic dynamics and ergodic theory has already a long history. Let us quote as an illustration the undecidability of the emptiness problem (the domino problem) for multi-dimensional subshifts of finite type (SFT) [8, 40], or else the connections between effective ergodic theory, computable analysis and effective randomness (see for instance [14, 33, 44]). -
President's Report
Newsletter Volume 43, No. 3 • mAY–JuNe 2013 PRESIDENT’S REPORT Greetings, once again, from 35,000 feet, returning home from a major AWM conference in Santa Clara, California. Many of you will recall the AWM 40th Anniversary conference held in 2011 at Brown University. The enthusiasm generat- The purpose of the Association ed by that conference gave rise to a plan to hold a series of biennial AWM Research for Women in Mathematics is Symposia around the country. The first of these, the AWM Research Symposium 2013, took place this weekend on the beautiful Santa Clara University campus. • to encourage women and girls to study and to have active careers The symposium attracted close to 150 participants. The program included 3 plenary in the mathematical sciences, and talks, 10 special sessions on a wide variety of topics, a contributed paper session, • to promote equal opportunity and poster sessions, a panel, and a banquet. The Santa Clara campus was in full bloom the equal treatment of women and and the weather was spectacular. Thankfully, the poster sessions and coffee breaks girls in the mathematical sciences. were held outside in a courtyard or those of us from more frigid climates might have been tempted to play hooky! The event opened with a plenary talk by Maryam Mirzakhani. Mirzakhani is a professor at Stanford and the recipient of multiple awards including the 2013 Ruth Lyttle Satter Prize. Her talk was entitled “On Random Hyperbolic Manifolds of Large Genus.” She began by describing how to associate a hyperbolic surface to a graph, then proceeded with a fascinating discussion of the metric properties of surfaces associated to random graphs. -
Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Volume 73
http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/pspum/073 Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics This page intentionally left blank Proceedings of Symposia in PURE MATHEMATICS Volume 73 Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics Proceedings of the Conference on Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics Dedicated to Dennis Sullivan's 60th birthday June 14-21, 2001 Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York Mikhail Lyubich Leon Takhtajan Editors Proceedings of the conference on Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics held at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, June 14-21, 2001. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 81Txx, 57-XX 18-XX 53Dxx 55-XX 37-XX 17Bxx. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Stony Brook Conference on Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (2001 : Stony Brook University) Graphs and Patterns in mathematics and theoretical physics : proceedings of the Stony Brook Conference on Graphs and Patterns in Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, June 14-21, 2001, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY / Mikhail Lyubich, Leon Takhtajan, editors. p. cm. — (Proceedings of symposia in pure mathematics ; v. 73) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8218-3666-8 (alk. paper) 1. Graph Theory. 2. Mathematics-Graphic methods. 3. Physics-Graphic methods. 4. Man• ifolds (Mathematics). I. Lyubich, Mikhail, 1959- II. Takhtadzhyan, L. A. (Leon Armenovich) III. Title. IV. Series. QA166.S79 2001 511/.5-dc22 2004062363 Copying and reprinting. Material in this book may be reproduced by any means for edu• cational and scientific purposes without fee or permission with the exception of reproduction by services that collect fees for delivery of documents and provided that the customary acknowledg• ment of the source is given. -
Strictly Ergodic Symbolic Dynamical Systems
STRICTLY ERGODIC SYMBOLIC DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS SHIZUO KAKUTANI YALE UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction We continue the study of strictly ergodic symbolic dynamical systems which was started in our earlier report [6]. The main tools used in this investigation are "homomorphisms" and "substitutions". Among other things, we construct two strictly ergodic symbolic dynamical systems which are weakly mixing but not strongly mixing. 2. Strictly ergodic symbolic dynamical systems Let A be a finite set consisting of more than one element. Let (2.1) X = AZ = H A, An = A forallne Z, neZ be the set of all two sided infinite sequences (2.2) x = {a"In Z}, an = A for all n E Z, where (2.3) Z = {nln = O, + 1, + 2,} is the set of all integers. For each n E Z, an is called the nth coordinate of x, and the mapping (2.4) 7r,: x -+ a, = 7En(x) is called the nth projection of the power space X = AZ onto the base space An = A. The space X is a totally disconnected, compact, metrizable space with respect to the usual direct product topology. Let q be a one to one mapping of X = AZ onto itself defined by (2.5) 7En(q(X)) = ir.+1(X) for all n E Z. The mapping p is a homeomorphism ofX onto itself and is called the shift trans- formation. The dynamical system (X, (p) thus obtained is called the shift dynamical system. This research was supported in part by NSF Grant GP16392. 319 320 SIXTH BERKELEY SYMPOSIUM: KAKUTANI Let X0 be a nonempty closed subset of X which is invariant under (p. -
Writing the History of Dynamical Systems and Chaos
Historia Mathematica 29 (2002), 273–339 doi:10.1006/hmat.2002.2351 Writing the History of Dynamical Systems and Chaos: View metadata, citation and similar papersLongue at core.ac.uk Dur´ee and Revolution, Disciplines and Cultures1 brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector David Aubin Max-Planck Institut fur¨ Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Berlin, Germany E-mail: [email protected] and Amy Dahan Dalmedico Centre national de la recherche scientifique and Centre Alexandre-Koyre,´ Paris, France E-mail: [email protected] Between the late 1960s and the beginning of the 1980s, the wide recognition that simple dynamical laws could give rise to complex behaviors was sometimes hailed as a true scientific revolution impacting several disciplines, for which a striking label was coined—“chaos.” Mathematicians quickly pointed out that the purported revolution was relying on the abstract theory of dynamical systems founded in the late 19th century by Henri Poincar´e who had already reached a similar conclusion. In this paper, we flesh out the historiographical tensions arising from these confrontations: longue-duree´ history and revolution; abstract mathematics and the use of mathematical techniques in various other domains. After reviewing the historiography of dynamical systems theory from Poincar´e to the 1960s, we highlight the pioneering work of a few individuals (Steve Smale, Edward Lorenz, David Ruelle). We then go on to discuss the nature of the chaos phenomenon, which, we argue, was a conceptual reconfiguration as -
Turbulence, Entropy and Dynamics
TURBULENCE, ENTROPY AND DYNAMICS Lecture Notes, UPC 2014 Jose M. Redondo Contents 1 Turbulence 1 1.1 Features ................................................ 2 1.2 Examples of turbulence ........................................ 3 1.3 Heat and momentum transfer ..................................... 4 1.4 Kolmogorov’s theory of 1941 ..................................... 4 1.5 See also ................................................ 6 1.6 References and notes ......................................... 6 1.7 Further reading ............................................ 7 1.7.1 General ............................................ 7 1.7.2 Original scientific research papers and classic monographs .................. 7 1.8 External links ............................................. 7 2 Turbulence modeling 8 2.1 Closure problem ............................................ 8 2.2 Eddy viscosity ............................................. 8 2.3 Prandtl’s mixing-length concept .................................... 8 2.4 Smagorinsky model for the sub-grid scale eddy viscosity ....................... 8 2.5 Spalart–Allmaras, k–ε and k–ω models ................................ 9 2.6 Common models ........................................... 9 2.7 References ............................................... 9 2.7.1 Notes ............................................. 9 2.7.2 Other ............................................. 9 3 Reynolds stress equation model 10 3.1 Production term ............................................ 10 3.2 Pressure-strain interactions -
Lms Elections to Council and Nominating Committee 2017: Candidate Biographies
LMS ELECTIONS TO COUNCIL AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE 2017: CANDIDATE BIOGRAPHIES Candidate for election as President (1 vacancy) Caroline Series Candidates for election as Vice-President (2 vacancies) John Greenlees Catherine Hobbs Candidate for election as Treasurer (1 vacancy) Robert Curtis Candidate for election as General Secretary (1 vacancy) Stephen Huggett Candidate for election as Publications Secretary (1 vacancy) John Hunton Candidate for election as Programme Secretary (1 vacancy) Iain A Stewart Candidates for election as Education Secretary (1 vacancy) Tony Gardiner Kevin Houston Candidate for election as Librarian (Member-at-Large) (1 vacancy) June Barrow-Green Candidates for election as Member-at-Large of Council (6 x 2-year terms vacant) Mark AJ Chaplain Stephen J. Cowley Andrew Dancer Tony Gardiner Evgenios Kakariadis Katrin Leschke Brita Nucinkis Ronald Reid-Edwards Gwyneth Stallard Alina Vdovina Candidates for election to Nominating Committee (2 vacancies) H. Dugald Macpherson Martin Mathieu Andrew Treglown 1 CANDIDATE FOR ELECTION AS PRESIDENT (1 VACANCY) Caroline Series FRS, Professor of Mathematics (Emeritus), University of Warwick Email address: [email protected] Home page: http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/~cms/ PhD: Harvard University 1976 Previous appointments: Warwick University (Lecturer/Reader/Professor)1978-2014; EPSRC Senior Research Fellow 1999- 2004; Research Fellow, Newnham College, Cambridge 1977-8; Lecturer, Berkeley 1976-77. Research interests: Hyperbolic Geometry, Kleinian Groups, Dynamical Systems, Ergodic Theory. LMS service: Council 1989-91; Nominations Committee 1999- 2001, 2007-9, Chair 2009-12; LMS Student Texts Chief Editor 1990-2002; LMS representative to various other bodies. LMS Popular Lecturer 1999; Mary Cartwright Lecture 2000; Forder Lecturer 2003. -
ABSTRACT Chaos in Dendritic and Circular Julia Sets Nathan Averbeck, Ph.D. Advisor: Brian Raines, D.Phil. We Demonstrate The
ABSTRACT Chaos in Dendritic and Circular Julia Sets Nathan Averbeck, Ph.D. Advisor: Brian Raines, D.Phil. We demonstrate the existence of various forms of chaos (including transitive distributional chaos, !-chaos, topological chaos, and exact Devaney chaos) on two families of abstract Julia sets: the dendritic Julia sets Dτ and the \circular" Julia sets Eτ , whose symbolic encoding was introduced by Stewart Baldwin. In particular, suppose one of the two following conditions hold: either fc has a Julia set which is a dendrite, or (provided that the kneading sequence of c is Γ-acceptable) that fc has an attracting or parabolic periodic point. Then, by way of a conjugacy which allows us to represent these Julia sets symbolically, we prove that fc exhibits various forms of chaos. Chaos in Dendritic and Circular Julia Sets by Nathan Averbeck, B.S., M.A. A Dissertation Approved by the Department of Mathematics Lance L. Littlejohn, Ph.D., Chairperson Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Baylor University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved by the Dissertation Committee Brian Raines, D.Phil., Chairperson Will Brian, D.Phil. Markus Hunziker, Ph.D. Alexander Pruss, Ph.D. David Ryden, Ph.D. Accepted by the Graduate School August 2016 J. Larry Lyon, Ph.D., Dean Page bearing signatures is kept on file in the Graduate School. Copyright c 2016 by Nathan Averbeck All rights reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii DEDICATION viii 1 Preliminaries 1 1.1 Continuum Theory and Dynamical Systems . 1 1.2 Unimodal Maps . -
ABSTRACT the Specification Property and Chaos In
ABSTRACT The Specification Property and Chaos in Multidimensional Shift Spaces and General Compact Metric Spaces Reeve Hunter, Ph.D. Advisor: Brian E. Raines, D.Phil. Rufus Bowen introduced the specification property for maps on a compact met- ric space. In this dissertation, we consider some implications of the specification d property for Zd-actions on subshifts of ΣZ as well as on a general compact metric space. In particular, we show that if σ : X X is a continuous Zd-action with ! d a weak form of the specification property on a d-dimensional subshift of ΣZ , then σ exhibits both !-chaos, introduced by Li, and uniform distributional chaos, intro- duced by Schweizer and Smítal. The !-chaos result is further generalized for some broader, directional notions of limit sets and general compact metric spaces with uniform expansion at a fixed point. The Specification Property and Chaos in Multidimensional Shift Spaces and General Compact Metric Spaces by Reeve Hunter, B.A. A Dissertation Approved by the Department of Mathematics Lance L. Littlejohn, Ph.D., Chairperson Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Baylor University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved by the Dissertation Committee Brian E. Raines, D.Phil., Chairperson Nathan Alleman, Ph.D. Will Brian, D.Phil. Markus Hunziker, Ph.D. David Ryden, Ph.D. Accepted by the Graduate School August 2016 J. Larry Lyon, Ph.D., Dean Page bearing signatures is kept on file in the Graduate School. Copyright c 2016 by Reeve Hunter All rights reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii DEDICATION viii 1 Introduction 1 2 Preliminaries 4 2.1 Dynamical Systems . -
Measuring Complexity in Cantor Dynamics
Measuring Complexity in Cantor Dynamics Karl Petersen cantorsalta2015: Dynamics on Cantor Sets CIMPA Research School, 2-13 November 2015 December 11, 2017 1 Contents Contents 2 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Preface . 5 1.2 Complexity and entropy . 5 1.3 Some definitions and notation . 5 1.4 Realizations of systems . 7 2 Asymptotic exponential growth rate 9 2.1 Topological entropy . 9 2.2 Ergodic-theoretic entropy . 9 2.3 Measure-theoretic sequence entropy . 13 2.4 Topological sequence entropy . 13 2.5 Slow entropy . 14 2.6 Entropy dimension . 17 2.7 Permutation entropy . 18 2.8 Independence entropy . 19 2.9 Sofic, Rokhlin, na¨ıve entropies . 20 2.10 Kolmogorov complexity . 23 3 Counting patterns 25 3.1 The complexity function in one-dimensional symbolic dynamics . 25 3.2 Sturmian sequences . 26 3.3 Episturmian sequences . 28 3.4 The Morse sequence . 29 3.5 In higher dimensions, tilings, groups, etc. 29 3.6 Topological complexity . 31 3.7 Low complexity, the number of ergodic measures, automorphisms . 31 3.8 Palindrome complexity . 33 3.9 Nonrepetitive complexity and Eulerian entropy . 35 3.10 Mean topological dimension . 36 3.11 Amorphic complexity via asymptotic separation numbers . 37 3.12 Inconstancy . 38 3.13 Measure-theoretic complexity . 38 3.14 Pattern complexity . 39 4 Balancing freedom and interdependence 41 4.1 Neurological intricacy . 41 4.2 Topological intricacy and average sample complexity . 43 4.3 Ergodic-theoretic intricacy and average sample complexity . 46 4.4 The average sample complexity function . 46 4.5 Computing measure-theoretic average sample complexity .