2014 National History Bee National Championships Round
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2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals BEE FINALS 1. Two men employed by this scientist, Jack Phillips and Harold Bride, were aboard the Titanic, though only the latter survived. A company named for this man was embroiled in an insider trading scandal involving Rufus Isaacs and Herbert Samuel, members of H.H. Asquith's cabinet. He shared the Nobel Prize with Karl Ferdinand Braun, and one of his first tests was aboard the SS Philadelphia, which managed a range of about two thousand miles for medium-wave transmissions. For the point, name this Italian inventor of the radio. ANSWER: Guglielmo Marconi 048-13-94-25101 2. A person with this surname died while piloting a plane and performing a loop over his office. Another person with this last name was embroiled in an arms-dealing scandal with the business Ottavio Quattrochi and was killed by a woman with an RDX-laden belt. This last name is held by "Sonia," an Italian-born Catholic who declined to become prime minister in 2004. A person with this last name declared "The Emergency" and split the Congress Party into two factions. For the point, name this last name shared by Sanjay, Rajiv, and Indira, the latter of whom served as prime ministers of India. ANSWER: Gandhi 048-13-94-25102 3. This man depicted an artist painting a dog's portrait with his family in satire of a dog tax. Following his father's commitment to Charenton asylum, this painter was forced to serve as a messenger boy for bailiffs, an experience which influenced his portrayals of courtroom scenes. This man was placed in jail for his portrayal of baskets of money going into the mouth of Louis Philippe in his Gargantua. For the point, name this French painter of caricatures and of a poor family riding in The Third Class Carriage. ANSWER: Honore Daumier 030-13-94-25103 4. A major site of these people went into decline following a conquest by the king of Quiriguá. These people's ritual of having the king draw a barbed cord through his body to produce symbolic blood is depicted on the Yaxchilan Lintels. Their cities included Copan, the location of the Pyramid of the Magicians at Uxmal, and another containing the Sacred Cenote, the Skull Platform, El Castillo, and the Great Ball Court. For the point, identify this culture that built Chichen Itza, and recorded its mythology of the Hero Twins in the Popul Vuh. ANSWER: Quiche Mayans 019-13-94-25104 2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals Page 1 of 34 5. This organization stifled dissent by turning off the gaslights when discussion became heated. Fernando Wood created a group named for Mozart after losing this group's support. Dissenters from this organization were named for the matches they brought to get around the lights problem as the Locofocos. Thomas Nast attacked this organization in cartoons representing it as a tiger. George Washington Plunkitt distinguished between this group's "honest graft" and "dishonest graft." For the point, name this New York political machine once run by Boss Tweed. ANSWER: Tammany Hall [or Society of Saint Tammany] 121-13-94-25105 6. The Butt Report found that a branch of this organization was widely inaccurate, and this organization was instructed to dehouse people. Wild Boar tactics and the Kammhuber Line were used to defend against this organization, which used Halifaxes and Lancasters. One branch of this organization primarily operated at night and targeted large areas under the command of "Bomber" Harris. For the point, name this air force that the USAAF joined in the strategic bombing of Nazi Germany. ANSWER: Royal Air Force [or RAF; prompt on British air force; prompt on British armed forces] 153-13-94-25106 7. In October 2013, this program aired an interview with Dylan Davies which led to Lara Logan taking a leave of absence. In 2004, this program used documents provided by Bill Burkett to criticize George W. Bush's time in the National Guard, but the lack of authentication on the papers led Dan Rather to resign from CBS, which still broadcasts this program. For the point, name this TV newsmagazine which was attacked for failing to verify comments about the Benghazi incident, and still features Morley Safer and Ed Bradley after Andy Rooney's death. ANSWER: 60 Minutes 019-13-94-25107 8. Lao Ai attempted to replace this emperor with his half-brother, and Gao Jianli and Jing Ke attempted to assassinate this man. This emperor ordered Shi Lu to design the Lingqu Canal. This man's advisor Li Si and his chief eunuch Zhao Gao convinced his son Fusu and the general Meng Tian to commit suicide. After eliminating the "Hundred Schools of Thought," this emperor ordered the burning of books. For the point, name this first emperor of the Qin (CHIN) Dynasty who was buried with his Terracotta Army. ANSWER: Qin Shi Huangdi [or Qin Shi Huang; or Ch'in Shih Huang; or Zhao Zheng; or Chao Cheng] 186-13-94-25108 9. A song by the Drive-By Truckers discusses the "misunderstood glory" of this band. This band stated that "Handguns are made for killing, They ain't no good for nothing else" in "Mr. Saturday Night Special." This band scored a hit with a rendition of J.J. Cale's "Call Me the Breeze." One of this band's songs was a response to a song that described "crosses burning fast," Neil Young's "Southern Man." Another song by this band begins by asking, "If I leave here tomorrow/Would you still remember me?" For the point, name this southern rock band of "Free Bird" and "Sweet Home Alabama." ANSWER: Lynyrd Skynyrd 030-13-94-25109 10. This patron of Alessandro Scarlatti corresponded with Athanasius Kircher and left a huge library to Cardinal Decio Azzolino. This ruler ordered the execution of Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi in the Fontainebleau Palace. This monarch abdicated after a public conversion to Catholicism and settled in Rome in the mid seventeenth century. Axel Oxenstierna served as regent in this monarch's early years. This queen was distinctly unimpressed by the philosophy of Rene Descartes, who died at her court. For the point, name this daughter of Gustavus Adolphus, a queen of Sweden. ANSWER: Queen Christina of Sweden 080-13-94-25110 2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals Page 2 of 34 11. Jonathan Russell and James Bayard were two members of a five-man delegation sent to negotiate this treaty with William Adams, Henry Goulburn, and Lord Gambier. After originally demanding uti possidetis, a negotiator at this treaty relented, allowing the other side to boast "Not one inch of territory ceded or lost." This status quo antebellum treaty did nothing to address the causes of the war it ended, including the Orders in Council and impressment. For the point, name this treaty that was signed two weeks before the Battle of New Orleans and ended the War of 1812. ANSWER: Treaty of Ghent 023-13-94-25111 12. A treaty between these two houses allowed one of them to retain the Three Bishoprics, though that house still had to give up territory due to its loss at Saint-Quentin. These two houses signed the Ladies' Peace of Cambrai and the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis. One of these houses ransomed its king from the other in the Treaty of Madrid. Through the first half of the sixteenth century, these two houses fought the intermittent Italian Wars,. For the point, name these oft-conflicting French and Austrian royal families. ANSWER: Houses of Valois and Habsburg [order not important, but do not accept or prompt if only one answer is given] 080-13-94-25112 13. This country fought the Ottomans at two Battles of Cecora, the first of which resulted from its intervention in the Magnate Wars. This country's nobles participated in the "Sarmatian" culture, which included the "Golden Liberty" that allowed any noble to block government action. In the 1650s, this country was occupied by Sweden in The Deluge, a century after it signed the Union of Lublin creating a single state with Lithuania. For the point, identify this country which fought a namesake succession war in the 1730s, deposing Stanislaw Leszczynski (luh-SHIN-skee). ANSWER: Kingdom of Poland 019-13-94-25113 14. The Great Republic, the largest clipper ship ever built, was designed in this city by Donald McKay. In 1821, the English Classical School in this city became the first public high school. This city's "Great Mayor" was Josiah Quincy. The elite of this city were called its Brahmins by Oliver Wendell Holmes, who lived in this city's neighborhood of Beacon Hill. For the point, name this city that, in the second half of the nineteenth century, had its Southie neighborhood become the home of many Irish immigrants. ANSWER: Boston 023-13-94-25114 15. A monument for this event consists of a dark circular pool of water with a triangular stone in the middle. The Szczurowa (strew-AH-vuh) massacre in Poland was a component of this event, for which the only apology came from Romanian president Traian Basescu. Martin Bormann encouraged this event, changing the mind of Heinrich Himmler, who wanted to save pure-blooded individuals. This event is often called the Porajmos, meaning "destruction" or "death." For the point, name this event in which hundreds of thousands of a traditionally nomadic people were killed by Nazi Germans. ANSWER: Roma Holocaust [or the killing of Romas by Nazis or similar answers; or Porajmos until it is read; or gypsy in place of Roma in any answer, such as the Gypsy Holocaust; prompt on the Holocaust] 020-13-94-25115 2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals Page 3 of 34 16.