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Don't Forget to Insert Graphics from Writing IAP Christmas Graphics Everything Christmas Vol 2 Christmas Around the World Iran-Wales Intelligent Australia Productions First published in 2005 by Intelligent Australia Productions © Ron Shaw 2005 ISBN 0-9756975-3-6 9780975697535 IAP 002 Intelligent Australia Productions PO Box 670 Hillarys, WA 6923 Australia Tel: (08) 9307 8365 Fax: (08) 9402 2339 Email: [email protected] Copying Instructions The contents of this publication may only be reproduced by the original purchaser for use within their own educational institution. The publisher prohibits the loaning or on-selling of this publication for the purposes of reproduction. Under the Australian Copyright Act 1968 a remuneration notice must be given to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL). For details of the CAL licence for educational institutions, contact CAL, 19/157 Liverpool St, Sydney NSW 2000, tel: (02) 9394 7600, fax: (02) 9394 7601, email: [email protected]. This book is dedicated to: Paul and Celine Ador and Claire Martin and Eliane Intelligent Australia Productions is committed to raising standards in Literacy and Numeracy in Australian schools. Postal Address IAP PO Box 670 Hillarys, WA Australia 6923 Email [email protected] Telephone (08) 9307 8365 Int‘l (618) 9307 8365 Fax (08) 9402 2339 Int‘l (618) 9402 2339 Acknowledgements Intelligent Australia Productions thanks the following individuals and organisations for permission to use text and/or graphics from their websites. Bill Egan, Christmas Historian http://christmas-world.freeservers.com Brian Muntz http://www.the-north-pole.com/thankyou2.html Stephen Henrik http://www.kidsdomain.com http://www.kaboose.com/corporate/linktous.html Liz http://www.thekoala.com Intelligent Australia Productions is committed to raising standards in Literacy and Numeracy in Australian schools. ©Intelligent Australia Productions 1 Teachers’ Notes 3 Christmas in Iran 4 Christmas in Iraq 6 Christmas in Ireland 8 Christmas in Italy 10 Christmas in Jamaica 14 Christmas in Japan 16 Christmas in Mexico 18 Christmas in The Netherlands 20 Christmas in Nicaragua 22 Christmas in Norway 24 Christmas in Poland 26 Christmas in Romania 30 Christmas in Russia 32 Christmas in Wales 36 For your Christmas cards or classroom walls 38 Answers 41 ©Intelligent Australia Productions 2 In collaboration with Bill Egan, the world renowned Christmas historian, we are delighted to bring you Christmas Around the World Iran-Wales, volume 2 of the ‗Everything Christmas‘ series. ‗Everything Christmas‘ is aimed at students in the 10-14 age group. Questions, exercises and activities are framed to address student outcomes in English and SOSE. Teachers and their students will find this book informative, stimulating, thought provoking and challenging. The book has many illustrations, many of which -especially if coloured- will result in attractive worksheets, ideal for a classroom Christmas display. The best way to use this book is: Distribute copies of page to every student. Students (silently) read the text and exercises. Open up for class discussion, clarification, questions etc. Set children to work. Correct sheets and discuss answers. We trust you will gain as much from using the book as we did in compiling it. Wishing all teachers and students the compliments of the Christmas season. Ron Shaw and Jacqueline Rey authors ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ©Intelligent Australia Productions 3 Christmas In Iran Iran, formerly Persia, is the land where the Three Wise Men are believed to have lived when Jesus was born. Today however the main religion in Iran is not Christianity but Islam. Christians in Iran begin fasting from animal products (food and drink derived from animals, including birds) on December 1st. This is called the Little Fast (the Big Fast occurs during Lent, the six weeks preceding Easter). After Church service on December 25th Iranians enjoy Christmas dinner which they call the Little Feast. A traditional dish is a chicken stew called harasa which is cooked in large quantities and lasts several days. Your Thoughts and Ideas 1. Christian Iranians begin fasting from animal products on December 1st. How many animal products can you think of? …………………………………………………………………………………………….………… …………………………………………………………………..…… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………...…………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………...………………… 2. See if you can un-jumble this sentence: Persia came Wise called Men was Iran Three then from The which …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. 3. How much longer is the Big Fast than the Little Fast? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. 4. Make an excellent sentence of at least 10 words beginning “Harasa is…… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. Sketch of an Iranian family enjoying harasa at Christmas dinner. ** For Fast Finishers: Write a paragraph saying all you know about the Three Wise Men and what they did. ©Intelligent Australia Productions 4 Christmas In Iran Christmas time in Iran is known as the Little Fast. That‘s because for the first 24 days of December, a fast is observed, during which no meat, eggs, milk, or cheese is eaten. It is a time of peace and meditation; a time for attending services at the church. At dawn on Christmas Day, the people attend a church service and it is only after this that they are permitted to break their fast. A feast is begun and plenty of meat is prepared for the Christmas dinner. Many boys and girls in Iran have never heard of Santa Claus, so they do not exchange gifts at Christmas time. But they do receive new clothes, which they proudly wear for the duration of the happy Christmas week. Your Thoughts and Ideas 1. Write in your own words the meanings of the following: i. a fast is observed …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. ii. a time of peace and meditation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. iii. permitted to break their fast …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. 2. Although no gifts are exchanged Christmas week is still a happy one for Iranian Christians. Can you think of at least two reasons for this? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. 3. When fasting, people need to call upon certain qualities of character. One of these is self-discipline. Say how self-discipline is needed during fasting. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….……………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. 4. Christians in Iran spend much of December meditating and contemplating peace. What ‘peace thoughts’ might they have? (i.e. what might they do to spread the message of peace?). …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. ©Intelligent Australia Productions 5 Christmas In Iraq In Iraqi Christian homes an unusual ceremony is held in the courtyard of the home on Christmas Eve. One of the children in the family reads the story of the Nativity from an Arabic Bible. The other members of the family hold lighted candles, and as soon as the story has been read a bonfire is lit in one corner of the courtyard. The fire is made of dried thorns and the future of the house for the coming year depends upon the way the fire burns. If the thorns burn to ashes, the family will have good fortune. While the fire is burning, a psalm is sung. When the fire is reduced to ashes, everyone jumps over the ashes three times and makes a wish. On Christmas day a similar bonfire is built in the church. While the fire burns the men of the congregation chant a hymn. Then there is a procession in which the officials of the church march behind the bishop, who carries an image of the infant Jesus upon a scarlet cushion. The long Christmas service always ends with the blessing of the people. The bishop reaches forth and touches a member of the congregation with his hand, putting his blessing upon him. That person touches the one next to them, and so on, until all have received the ―Touch of Peace." Your Thoughts and Ideas 1. What would be two reasons why Iraqis would ensure that the thorns they collect are dry and flammable? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………….
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