DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Convict Labour Studies in Global Social History

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Global Convict Labour Studies in Global Social History Global Convict Labour Studies in Global Social History Editor Marcel van der Linden (International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) Editorial Board Sven Beckert (Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA) Philip Bonner (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa) Dirk Hoerder (University of Arizona, Phoenix, AR, USA) Chitra Joshi (Indraprastha College, Delhi University, India) Amarjit Kaur (University of New England, Armidale, Australia) Barbara Weinstein (New York University, New York, NY, USA) VOLUME 19 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/sgsh Global Convict Labour Edited by Christian Giuseppe De Vito Alex Lichtenstein LEIDEN | BOSTON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Global convict labour / edited by Christian Giuseppe De Vito, Alex Lichtenstein. pages cm. -- (Studies in global social history ; volume 19) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-28501-9 (hardback : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-90-04-28502-6 (e-book : alk. paper) 1. Convict labor--History. 2. Punishment--History. 3. Imperialism--History. I. De Vito, Christian G. II. Lichtenstein, Alexander C. HV8888.G56 2015 365’.6509--dc23 2015017738 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please www.brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1874-6705 isbn 978-90-04-28501-9 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-28502-6 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Contents Editors’ Preface vii List of Illustrations xviii List of Tables xix List of Contributors xx Writing a Global History of Convict Labour 1 Christian G. De Vito and Alex Lichtenstein PART 1 Genealogies of Convict Labour 1 Contextualising Condemnation to Hard Labour in the Roman Empire 49 Miriam J. Groen-Vallinga and Laurens E. Tacoma 2 Penal Enslavement in the Early Middle Ages 79 Alice Rio 3 Prison and Convict Labour in Early Modern Europe 108 Pieter Spierenburg 4 “ An Austrian Cayenne”: Convict Labour and Deportation in the Habsburg Empire of the Early Modern Period 126 Stephan Steiner 5 The Long View of Convict Labour in the Portuguese Empire, 1415–1932 144 Timothy J. Coates 6 Convict Labour Extraction and Transportation from Britain and Ireland, 1615–1870 168 Hamish Maxwell-Stewart vi Contents PART 2 Coloniality, Ethnicity, Racialism and Convict Labour 7 Labouring for the Raj: Convict Work Regimes in Colonial India, 1836–1939 199 David Arnold 8 The Relegation of Recidivists in French Guiana in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 222 Jean-Lucien Sanchez 9 “… a Weapon of Immense Value”? Convict labour in British Colonial Africa, c. 1850–1950s 249 Stacey Hynd 10 Colonies of Settlement or Places of Banishment and Torment? Penal Colonies and Convict Labour in Latin America, c. 1800–1940 273 Ricardo D. Salvatore and Carlos Aguirre PART 3 Convict Labour and Governmentality 11 Gender and Convict Labour: The Italian Case in Global Context 313 Mary Gibson 12 Forced Labour in Nazi Concentration Camps 333 Marc Buggeln 13 Historicising the Gulag 361 Lynne Viola 14 “A Parade of Trick Horses”: Work and Physical Experience in the Political Prison 380 Padraic Kenney 15 Rethinking Working Class Struggle through the Lens of the Carceral State: Toward a Labour History of Inmates and Guards 400 Heather Ann Thompson Bibliography 439 Index of Places 490 <UN> Editors’ Preface Two prisoners…mime the digging of sand. …Their heads are shaven. It is an image of back-breaking and grotesquely futile labour. Each in turn fills a wheelbarrow and then with great effort pushes it to where the other man is digging, and empties it. As a result, the piles of sand never dimin- ish. Their labour is interminable. – Athol Fugard, stage directions, The Island1 At a recent performance of this play at Johannesburg’s Market theatre, the first ten minutes – a duet of grunts of literally backbreaking pain as each prisoner indeed mimed loading and pushing a wheelbarrow of heavy dirt around an other- wise empty stage only to dump it at his partner’s feet – produced an almost unbear- able tension. Here Fugard reveals the “bare life” of penal labour as torture, but not only as inflicted by the prison authorities, who in fact remain invisible throughout the play (and, in the climactic scene, are assumed to be embodied by the audi- ence). Instead, in an endless circular process, the pointless labour is reinforced by the inmates themselves. As Robben Island prisoner Neville Alexander (quoted by Padraic Kenney in his contribution to this volume) remarked about his own expe- rience of labour on “the Island,” “The pointlessness of the whole thing weighs heavily on the prisoners.”2 Fugard himself, in his notebooks, imagined Robben Island as a space defined by “Meaningless Absurd Labor. Punishment. Sisyphus.”3 Padraic Kenney’s essay on political imprisonment in this volume gestures towards this totalistic nexus of labour and punishment, reduced to its Sisyphean essence: “Torture, labour, and exercise: each activity approximated time itself in the prison. They offered an apparent respite from monotony, yet became monotony itself, confined in space and time.” With Fugard’s opening in mind, we might regard the experience of prison labour on Robben island as the apotheosis of this form of penality. But, as Kenney also asks in his medita- tion on the intersection of convict work and political identity: “is prison labour degrading, transformative, or punitive – or all three”? This volume of essays, growing from a two-day workshop held at the International Institute of Social History (iish) in Amsterdam in June 2012, provides the opportunity to explore multiple dimensions of convict labour across time, space, and varieties of state formation. The general aim of the 1 Athol Fugard, John Kani, and Winston Ntshona, Statements (New York, 1986), 47. 2 Neville Alexander, Robben Island Dossier, 1964–1974 (Cape Town, 1994), 31. 3 Athol Fugard, Notebooks, 1960–1977 (New York, 1984), 212. viii Editors’ Preface conference was to bring scholars together in a common endeavor that would begin to develop a global and comparative history of convict labour across many of the regimes of punishment that have appeared from the 16th century to the present, including galleys, penal servitude, corvée, transportation, work- houses and factories, leased convict labour, chain gangs, concentration camps, political imprisonment directed at individuals, and state or military labour camps. As this ambitious list of topic suggests, forced labour has been an important component of penality in many eras, in diverse geographic locales, and in every type of state regime. Yet only rarely has it been considered in global, transnational, or comparative frameworks. With a few noticeable exceptions, scholars have tended to focus on the peculiarities of each regime of punishment; a series of independent sub-disciplines have thus emerged, e.g. the history of the penitentiary, of the Nazi concentration camps, or of transporta- tion to different destinations. The iish conference aimed to overcome this frag- mentation. By looking at convict labour as a common feature of diverse regimes of punishment across space and time, we sought to highlight their co-existence in specific periods and contexts, to stress the dynamic and interconnected nature of the various regimes of punishment, and to link their emergence and decline to particular moments in the evolution of the global political economy. Secondly, and perhaps somewhat less successfully, the conference attempted to overcome the Eurocentric and methodologically nationalist attitude of much of the general theories and historiographies of the relationship between punishment and society. In the opening bibliographic chapter, we attempt to rectify this in our synthesis of the existing literature on convict labour in an effort to provide “an itinerary through time, space, and different regimes of punishment.” In doing so, we question the “unwarranted teleology of penal reform and modernization that is assumed to move progressively towards stable forms of incarceration and rehabilitation, and away from brutality, unmitigated punishment, and naked coercion or enslavement” entailed by a blinkered focus on European penal developments. Moreover, those develop- ments themselves proved deeply enmeshed with a global history in which Europe was but one player. Accordingly, we asked participants, even (or espe- cially) those still working within the boundaries of the nation-state, to keep in mind comparative and entangled histories, trans-national and trans-local con- nections, even while they highlighted the distinctive nature of the national or typological form of convict labour in their area of expertise. To this end, we arranged the conference itself – and the papers that follow in this volume – around three broad thematic approaches to these problems. First, in an effort to understand the deep historical linkages between punish- ment and work in myriad social contexts, we asked some scholars to address <UN> Editors’ Preface ix the “genealogy” of convict labour. Simply put, we wanted to explore how, when, and why particular states and/or political authorities chose to make forced labour part of a penal regime. In many cases, this was closely linked to state formation, imperial expansion, or the projection of military power.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Hardening Plight of the American Ex-Convict
    WHEN THE PAST IS A PRISON: THE HARDENING PLIGHT OF THE AMERICAN EX-CONVICT Roger Roots University of Nevada, Las Vegas Department of Sociology ABSTRACT Today’s American criminal justice system is generating more ex-criminals than ever before, due to increasingly punitive sentencing, the increasing criminalization of formerly noncriminal acts, and the increasing federalization of criminal matters. At the same time, advances in record-keeping and computer technology have made life more difficult for ex-convicts. This article examines the hardships faced by American ex- convicts reentering the non-custodial community both at present and in the past. It concludes that modern ex-convicts face more difficulties than those of past generations, because 1) a greater number of laws that restrict their occupational and social lives, and 2) better data collection and transfer among criminal justice jurisdictions make evading or escaping from one’s criminal past more difficult. The result of these coalescing trends is that American society is increasingly forming a hierarchical order of citizenship, with long-term negative economic and social consequences for both ex-offenders and the broader community. 2 INTRODUCTION Criminal convictions have always carried collateral consequences in addition to their formal penalties. During much of American history—and, indeed, the history of the English legal system—convicted felons suffered a loss of social standing, disenfranchisement, and in some cases, “civil death,” a state in which they were denied all rights of citizenship including marriage, inheritance, and public office. In contrast, contemporary American ex-convicts retain their citizenship, their rights of property ownership, and their marriage and family rights, but are denied a host of other rights and privileges such as bearing arms and working in various occupations.
    [Show full text]
  • Deliberation As an Epistemic Endeavor: Umunthu and Social Change In
    Deliberation as an Epistemic Endeavor: UMunthu and Social Change in Malawi’s Political Ecology A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Scripps College of Communication of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Fletcher O. M. Ziwoya December 2012 © 2012 Fletcher O. M. Ziwoya All Rights Reserved. This dissertation titled Deliberation as an Epistemic Endeavor: UMunthu and Social Change in Malawi’s Political Ecology by FLETCHER O. M. ZIWOYA has been approved for the School of Communication Studies and the Scripps College of Communication by Claudia L. Hale Professor of Communication Studies Scott Titsworth Interim Dean, Scripps College of Communication ii ABSTRACT ZIWOYA, FLETCHER O. M., Ph.D. December 2012, Communication Studies Deliberation as an Epistemic Endeavor: UMunthu and Social Change in Malawi’s Political Ecology Director of Dissertation: Claudia Hale This dissertation examines the epistemic role of democratic processes in Malawi. In this study, I challenge the view that Malawi’s Local Government model of public participation is representative and open to all forms of knowledge production. Through a case study analysis of the political economy of knowledge production of selected District Councils in Malawi, I argue that the consultative approach adopted by the Councils is flawed. The Habermasian approach adopted by the Councils assumes that development processes should be free, fair, and accommodative of open forms of deliberation, consultation, and dissent. The Habermasian ideals stipulate that no single form of reasoning or knowledge dominates others. By advocating for “the power of the better argument” Habermas (1984, 1998a, 1998b, 2001) provided room for adversarial debate which is not encouraged in the Malawi local governance system.
    [Show full text]
  • African Religion and Colonial Rebellion: the Contestation of Power in Colonial Zimbabwe’S Chimurenga of 1896-1897
    African Religion and Colonial Rebellion: The Contestation of Power in Colonial Zimbabwe’s Chimurenga of 1896-1897 Kapya John Kaoma [email protected] Abstract This article examines the unifying roles of the Mwari cult, the cultural symbol of land, and the authority of spirit mediums in the first anti-colonial socio-political and religious protest of Chimurenga of 1896-97 in colonial Zimbabwe. Using their spiritually and socially defined authority, spirit mediums (n’anga) served as movement intellectuals to the Chimurenga— they crafted strategies and inspiration for social protest. The shared values of the Mwari cult, the cultural symbol of land, and the office of mediums were further employed to mobilize masses into a social movement that sought to reverse rapid sociocultural and political changes brought about by colonialism. To make this case, the article problematizes religion within an African lifeworld. Aside from showing that African religions share many aspects with other world religions; the article rejects Eliade's, and Durkheim’s theory of ‘the sacred and the profane’. It argues that this separation is hard to establish in African traditional religions and cosmologies. Spirit mediums, for example, employed African sociology, spiritual beliefs and customs in their attempts to reject the colonial order. Besides, the implementation of ‘indirect rule’ and land grabs led to the contestation of power between colonial authorities, chiefs, and spirit mediums. This contestation is analyzed from a social movement perspective. Amidst contemporary social injustices, human rights abuses and corruption in post-colonial Africa, and without underestimating the role traditional religions play in African politics, the study challenges Christianity to follow the prophetic example of spirit mediums in the Chimurenga.
    [Show full text]
  • Government & Politics Corr
    1 CONCEPTUAL AND CONTEXTUAL BACKGROUND Augustine Titani Magolowondo INTRODUCTION This book is about Government and politics in Malawi. The diversity of issues that are discussed in the subsequent chapters bears testimony to the complexity of this subject matter. The aim of this first chapter is twofold. First, as you may have probably experienced in our daily discourse, the terms Government and politics are often confused with other key terms such as state and nation. As a starting point, this chapter clarifies these related concepts, which are inherently connected but yet conceptually distinct. Second, the discussion in this chapter aims at providing the context within which politics and Government in Malawi operate. In this regard, I look at both the political history and key socio-economic characteristics of Malawi. Finally, I discuss challenges facing Malawi’s politics and Government today. WHAT IS POLITICS? The concept of politics is as old as Government itself. Aristotle, the Greek philosopher (384–322 BC) argued that ‘man is by nature a political animal’. What was meant is that politics is not only inevitable but also essential to human activity. In other words, wherever there are human beings, politics is unavoidable. However, much as Aristotle’s maxim has become almost indisputable among the students of politics, there is no consensus on what exactly is to be understood by politics. To appreciate the conceptual complexity of politics, let us consider for instance the 2000 constitutional amendment to Section 65 of the Malawi Constitution (popularly called the ‘crossing of the floor’ provision). This amendment was to result in any member of Parliament (MP) losing his/her seat should he/she join 1 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS IN MALAWI any organisation whose objectives were deemed to be political in nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Transportation from Britain and Ireland, 1615–1875." a Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies
    Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish. "Transportation from Britain and Ireland, 1615–1875." A Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies. Ed. Clare Anderson. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2018. 183–210. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 30 Sep. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350000704.ch-007>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 30 September 2021, 20:57 UTC. Copyright © Clare Anderson and Contributors 2018. You may share this work for non- commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 7 Transportation from Britain and Ireland, 1615–1875 Hamish Maxwell-Stewart Despite recent research which has revealed the extent to which penal transportation was employed as a labour mobilization device across the Western empires, the British remain the colonial power most associated with the practice.1 The role that convict transportation played in the British colonization of Australia is particularly well known. It should come as little surprise that the UNESCO World Heritage listing of places associated with the history of penal transportation is entirely restricted to Australian sites.2 The manner in which convict labour was utilized in the development of English (later British) overseas colonial concerns for the 170 years that proceeded the departure of the First Fleet for New South Wales in 1787 is comparatively neglected. There have been even fewer attempts to explain the rise and fall of transportation as a British institution from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. In part this is because the literature on British systems of punishment is dominated by the history of prisons and penitentiaries.3 As Braithwaite put it, the rise of prison has been ‘read as the enduring central question’, sideling examination of alternative measures for dealing with offenders.
    [Show full text]
  • Punishment and Political Order Keally D
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center 2019 USF Faculty and Staff Books USF Faculty and Staff Authored Books 2007 Punishment and Political Order Keally D. McBride Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/faculty_books_2019 Part of the Legal Studies Commons, and the Political Science Commons Punishment and Political Order Law, Meaning, and Violence The scope of Law, Meaning, and Violence is defined by the wide-ranging scholarly de­ bates signaled by each of the words in the title. Those debates have taken place among and between lawyers, anthropologists, political theorists, sociologists, and historians, as well as literary and cultural critics. This series is intended to recognize the importance of such ongoing conversations about law, meaning, and violence as well as to encourage and further them. Series Editors: Martha Minow, Harvard Law School Austin Sarat, Amherst College RECENT TITLES IN THE SERIES Strangers to the Law: Gay People on Trial, by Lisa Keen and Suzanne B. Goldberg The Polittcs of Community Policing: Rearrangmg the Power to Punish, by William Lyons Laws of the Postcolonial, edited by Eve Darian-Smith and Peter Fitzpatrick Whispered Consolations: Law and Narrative in African Amerzcan Life, by Jon-Christian Suggs Bad Boys: Public Schools in the Making of Black Masculinity, by Ann Arnett Ferguson Pain, Death, and the Law, edited by Austin Sarat The Limits to Union: Same-Sex Marriage and the Politics of Civil Rights, by Jonathan Goldberg-Hiller
    [Show full text]
  • A Right to Land?
    Aadfadffa rightdfdadfadf to land? Population density and land rights in Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe, 1923-2013 Jenny de Nobel UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN July 2016 A right to land? Population density and land rights in Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe, 1923-2013 A MASTER THESIS by Jenny de Nobel s1283545 Supervised by: prof. dr. Jan-Bart Gewald Second reader: dr. Marleen Dekker ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to prof. Bas van Bavel for introducing me to the academic study of long-term economic patterns. Discerning the drivers of change and essentially questioning how the foundations of societies lead to certain paths of development has inspired much of my work as a student of history. Prof. Nick Vink and prof. Ewout Frankema helped me channel this interest to an area that has been noticeably absent in the literature on questions of global development or the 'Great Divergence': Africa. I can only hope that this study can help fill that hiatus. My gratitude to dr. Cátia Antunes and prof. Robert Ross for sharing their thoughts with me and guiding me through the myriad of ideas that were once the momentum of this thesis. Many thanks to prof. Jan-Bart Gewald for his guidance, support and open-minded approach to my ideas, and dr. Dekker for her comments. Lastly, thanks to my friends and family who kept me going throughout this journey. Your support was invaluable, and this work would not be there without it. Two people, especially, made this possible, and how lucky I am that they are my parents: thank you for your endless faith.
    [Show full text]
  • British Community Development in Central Africa, 1945-55
    School of History University of New South Wales Equivocal Empire: British Community Development in Central Africa, 1945-55 Daniel Kark A thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of New South Wales, Australia 2008 ORIGINALITY STATEMENT ‘I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project's design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged.’ Signed …………………………………………….............. Date …………………………………………….............. For my parents, Vanessa and Adrian. For what you forfeited. Abstract This thesis resituates the Community Development programme as the key social intervention attempted by the British Colonial Office in Africa in the late 1940s and early 1950s. A preference for planning, growing confidence in metropolitan intervention, and the gradualist determination of Fabian socialist politicians and experts resulted in a programme that stressed modernity, progressive individualism, initiative, cooperative communities and a new type of responsible citizenship. Eventual self-rule would be well-served by this new contract between colonial administrations and African citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • Southern Africa
    24 Southern Africa SHULA MARKS For much of the twentieth century British policies in southern Africa have been dominated by calculations about South Africa. The Union, later Republic, of South Africa has occupied a unique position in British Imperial strategy and imagination. Undergirding this status materially was South Africa's gold, while sustaining it ideologically were the labours of Sir Alfred Milner's 'kindergarten', that group of bright young men from Oxford who were brought to the Transvaal to reshape its institutions after the South African War (1899-1902), and who were themselves reshaped by the experience. As Lionel Curtis, ideologist of Imperial Federation, put it in a letter in 1907: 'South Africa is a microcosm and much that we thought peculiar to it is equally true of the Empire itself... When we have done all we can do and should do for South Africa it may be we shall have the time and training to begin some work of the same kind in respect of Imperial Relations.'1 Interconnected networks of City, Empire, and academe gave South Africa its importance to the advocates of Commonwealth at least until 1945. The role played by the 'kindergarten' in the unification of South Africa provided its members with a model for their wider vision of Imperial Federation, propounded in their Round Table movement and their journal of the same name; the fortunes made by mine magnates such as Rhodes, Beit, and Bailey were devoted to furthering the schemes of the Round Tablers, whether through scholarships, chairs of Imperial history, or the Royal Institute of International Affairs at Chatham House; their friendships For the purposes of this chapter, southern Africa has been defined as the Union of South Africa, the High Commission Territories (Basutoland, Bechuanaland, and Swaziland), Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.
    [Show full text]
  • Maryland Historical Magazine, 1907, Volume 2, Issue No. 2
    MSASC 52)81-1 -^ MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE VOL. II. JUNE, 1907. No. 2. CORRESPONDENCE OF GOVERNOR EDEN. II. EDEN TO LORD DARTMOUTH. (private) Annapolis 9'? Sept? 1775 My Lord, I had the Honour of writing to your Lordship on the 27t.h Ult° by Mr. Lloyd Dulany of this Province, and intended a Duplicate thereoff by this Opportunity—but Matters being so circumstanced in this Country as to make it very unsafe to keep the Copies of Letters that have any Connection with publick Business, I found it necessary to destroy that, and shall just mention the Contents, having no Doubts of its getting safe to your Lordship's hands, and I hope, proving satisfactory with Regard to my Conduct here. That Letter mentioned the sending back a Snow of M' Fur- ness's the Adventure, Capt. Henzell. The burning a Ship (at West River) belonging to M' Gildart of Liverpoole ; and a Copy of my Letter to the Officers of the Customs, with their Answer thereon. I inclosed also to your Lordship the proceedings of the Provincial Convention, and the Appointment of Delegates—with a Copy of the proceedings in Council, & my proposed Address to 97 98 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE. the people :—the dissuasive Answer of the Council thereon, was, I believe sent enclosed to W• Eden. I mentioned to your Lordship the Motives that had induced me to pursue a more lenient Course than some of my neighbour- ing Governours had done, and the Event has so far justifyed me that I continue to preserve some Authority in my Govermn! when many of them have been necessitated to leave theirs—I mean not by this.
    [Show full text]
  • PUNISHING the CRIMINAL CORPSE, 1700-1840 Aggravated Forms of the Death Penalty in England
    palgrave historical studies in the criminal corpse and its afterlife PUNISHING THE CRIMINAL CORPSE, 1700-1840 Aggravated Forms of the Death Penalty in England Peter King Palgrave Historical Studies in the Criminal Corpse and its Afterlife Series Editors Owen Davies School of Humanities University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, UK Elizabeth T. Hurren School of Historical Studies University of Leicester Leicester, UK Sarah Tarlow History and Archaeology University of Leicester Leicester, UK This limited, finite series is based on the substantive outputs from a major, multi-disciplinary research project funded by the Wellcome Trust, inves- tigating the meanings, treatment, and uses of the criminal corpse in Britain. It is a vehicle for methodological and substantive advances in approaches to the wider history of the body. Focussing on the period between the late seventeenth and the mid-nineteenth centuries as a crucial period in the formation and transformation of beliefs about the body, the series explores how the criminal body had a prominent presence in popular culture as well as science, civic life and medico-legal activity. It is historically significant as the site of overlapping and sometimes contradictory understandings between scientific anatomy, criminal justice, popular medicine, and social geography. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14694 Peter King Punishing the Criminal Corpse, 1700–1840 Aggravated Forms of the Death Penalty in England Peter King University of Leicester Leicester, UK Palgrave Historical Studies in the Criminal Corpse and its Afterlife ISBN 978-1-137-51360-1 ISBN 978-1-137-51361-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-51361-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017944586 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from the King’S Research Portal At
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ The Westminster Model Navy Defining the Royal Navy, 1660-1749 McLean, Samuel Alexander Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 27. Sep. 2021 The Westminster Model Navy: Defining the Royal Navy, 1660-1749 Samuel A. McLean PhD Thesis, Department of War Studies May 4, 2017 ABSTRACT At the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, Charles II inherited the existing interregnum navy.
    [Show full text]