The NEWSLETTER International Hydrofoil Society P. O. Box 51, Cabin John MD 20818 USA
Editor: John R. Meyer First Quarter 2009 Sailing Editor: Martin Grimm TURBOJET REFURBISHES JETFOIL FOR SUSTAINING MEMBERS LUXURY CHARTER MARKET Excerpts from Fast Ferry International, November 2008
n October last year, Turbojet unveiled a new logo and livery for its Ivessels “in celebration of its 45th anniversary”. Repainting of ves- sels is now virtually complete. According to the company, “Turbo- jet is investing over HK$10 million dollars to convert its fleet into a “race-car red” and publicizing the new look in a range of electronic and printed media.
______YOUR 2009 IHS DUES ARE DUE
See Full Announcement on Page 2
INSIDE THIS ISSUE - President’s Column ------p. 2 BMS Jetfoil 929-115 Hydrofoil Funchal on the Hong - Welcome New Members ---- p. 2 Kong-Macau Route - William M. Ellsworth ------p. 3 TurboJet has also refurbished one of its Boeing Marine Systems - Japanese Jetfoils ------p. 6 BMS) Jetfoil 929-115 hydrofoils, Funchal, “to meet the increasing - All American Marine ------p. 7 demand for high end charter services”. - 30 Years Ago ------p. 8
See Turbojet, Page 4 - Sailor’s Page ------p. 10 PRESIDENT’S COLUMN WELCOME NEW MEMBERS Douglas Hamlin – Doug has been in the Marine-Maritime Industry To All IHS Members 2 months of the year. But all members since 1970 and served in the US are still asked to encourage col- want to point out the flurry of com- Army’s Transportation Corps from leagues to join. Please make them mercial hydrofoil activity in Eu- 1970-1974. After the military ser- I aware of the IHS website and the fea- rope depicted in several articles in vice (1974-1976) Doug went into tures regarding membership. the Fourth Quarter 2008 issue of the the Recreational Marine Industry as: Rotary Marine Engine Dealer, IHS Newsletter. As I prepared these I want to remind you that you can and then became a “Boat Builder”. articles, I was struck by the fact that view the Membership List by logging In 1976 to 1978 Doug formed a operators in such countries as Poland, onto the IHS website and put in the Company “Rotary Marine Engi- Hungary, Greece and of course Rus- proper password. All IHS members neering” which manufactured Ro- sia, continue to expand their hydrofoil have been informed of this password. tary Marine Engines. In 1983-1985 operations. Also, the current issue If you have been missed, please con- he worked for Islander Yachts as a (see pages 4-6) describes rather large tact the webmaster (webmaster Production Mgr. (Assembly Dept.). numbers of com- @foils.org). It is ad- YOUR 2009 DUES ARE DUE From 1985 to 1986 Doug managed mercial hydrofoils visable for all to IHS Membership options are: two Shipyards. In 1989 he started carrying many mil- check the informa- US$20 for 1 year, $38 for 2 research on hydrofoils as a solution lions of passengers tion on the List. If it years, and $54 for 3 years. Stu- for local Emergency Response Ves- in the Far East. is incorrect, please dent membership is still only sels, speed dilemma. In 1999 Doug send changes to: IHS Members in the US$10. For payment of regular had a technology breakthrough that Steve Chorney: Washington, DC membership dues by credit lead to a new vessel design the “Hy- schorney@comcast area were fortunate card using PAYPAL, please go brid-Vessel”. In 2008 Doug has .net to be able to attend a to the IHS Membership page formed “Innovative Marine Tech- Joint Meeting of the at
Page 2 IHS First Quarter 2009 WILLIAM ELLSWORTH - IN MEMORIAM
illiam Martin Ellsworth, 87, engineer and innovator in the field of modern naval ships and crafts, and known Was “MR. HYDROFOIL” by his fellow hydrofoilers, died Wednesday, Nov. 26, 2008, in Adamstown, Maryland. Born on Nov. 5, 1921, he was the son of the late William Martin Ellsworth Sr., and Anna (Buck) Ellsworth. He was the loving husband of the late Annette (Degnan) Ellsworth, who passed away on March 8, 2007. Bill Ellsworth was a long-time member of the International Hydrofoil Society and served for several years on the Board of Directors. He was presented with an IHS award honoring his many contributions and innovations in the field of hydrofoils. Mr. Ellsworth was born in Chattanooga, Tenn. and moved with his family to Washington, D.C. in 1932. He was a resi- dent of Bethesda for more than 50 years. Mr. Ellsworth served in the army for four years during World War II, where he fought on the European front, including the Battle of the Bulge and achieved the rank of second lieutenant. After the war, Mr. Ellsworth attended the State University of Iowa on the G.I.Bill and received a bachelor’s and master’s de- gree in engineering, majoring in fluid mechanics. While an instructor at Iowa, he met Annette Degnan who became his wife of 60 years. Upon graduation in 1948, Mr. Ellsworth joined the staff of the David Taylor Model Basin in Carderock, Maryland. He held various positions in the hydromechanics laboratory, advancing to technical manager of the Hydrofoil Development Program Office, and eventually associate technical director for systems development and head of the systems development department. Recognizing the need for a more formal organization to test, evaluate and develop military hydrofoils, Mr. Ellsworth conceived the Hydrofoil Special Trials Unit which was established at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington. This establishment formed the basis for the technical and operational development of the U.S. Navy’s hydrofoils. Mr. Ellsworth retired from the government in 1983 and subse- quently worked as a consultant in naval engineering and vice president of Engineering and Science Associates, Inc. Mr. Ellsworth was a licensed professional engineer, an honorary life member of the American Society of Naval Engi- neers, a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and a charter member of the North American Sec- tion of the International Hydrofoil Society. He was also the author of numerous publications in the field of naval engineering, including the book Twenty Foilborne Years. Mr. Ellsworth was awarded the ASNE Gold Medal in 1973 and was the recipient of the Distinguished Civilian Service Award, Presidential Meritorious Rank, and the David Tay- lor Award for Scientific Achievement. Mr. Ellsworth is survived by his daughter, Joan McConville and husband Sean of Damascus, Maryland; and two sons, Michael William Ellsworth and wife Patricia of Germantown, Maryland and Peter Joseph Ellsworth and wife Kathleen of Washington, D.C.; and nine grandchildren. At the Memorial Service held on December 1, 2008, Dennis Clark (IHS Member) gave the following Eulogy for Bill Ellsworth: “I am Dennis Clark. I had the pleasure and privilege of working with and for Bill Ellsworth for over 40 years while at the David Taylor Model Basin now called the Carderock Division. Isaac Newton wrote in a letter to Robert Hooke in 1676, “ If I have seen farther, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants”. “I believe it not an exaggeration to talking about the passing of a giant. Bill Ellsworth was a giant not only in stature, but most importantly in technological leadership. He has affected the lives and careers of thousands and has left the US Navy with a number of advanced vehicle options such as hydrofoils, air cushion vehicles, high-speed planning craft, Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull (SWATH) ships in addition to host of advanced concept ships, planes, and platforms. “As a junior engineer, I heard a presentation Bill gave on hydrofoils in 1965. I was impressed with his dynamic per- sonality, enthusiasm, and his vision for future options for the US Navy. I became the coordinator for the Structures De- Continued on Next Page
IHS First Quarter 2009 Page 3 William Martin Ellsworth “Bill retired from the Carderock Di- four seat VIP cabin has been added (Continued From Previous Page) vision in 1983 but continued to con- and the ‘Economy class’ section has sult and write about advanced ship been reduced to 89 seats. The upper partment supporting the Advanced concepts, strategic planning and in saloon has been refitted with 16 Hydrofoil Program Office that he 1998 edited a book describing the ‘Super class’ seats and 96 ‘Economy headed. He had a unique skill of man- 100 year history of the David Taylor class’ seats. aging an organization in 3 different Model Basin. locations, with numerous contractors, TurboJet’s design brief for Funchal universities and collaboration with “It is difficult to list the many awards was to set a new standard on the Hong foreign countries. Bill Ellsworth was and recognitions given to this techno- Kong-Macau route. Describing the bigger than life to this young engineer logical pioneer but many of us have project, Espen Thorup says, “With and I can vividly remember meeting benefitted from standing on the the vessel operated on short routes, him one on one to proposed an idea. I shoulders of this giant in order to see the demand on the crew rises when went over to his small and modest of- further into the future needs and op- higher standards of service for the fice after hours at 5:30. After I de- tions for the US Navy. He loved the passengers are applied. To achieve scribe my idea, Bill sat there for a Basin and the US Navy and his lead- this, two new kiosks, one on each second and then formed his fist into a ership and dynamic personality will deck, were added and upgraded. hammer and slammed it down on the be sadly missed.” “Short trips mean quick turn around table saying, “ That’s a great idea. I The International Hydrofoil Society in port and therefore there was an em- like it”. The small room made his has made a contribution, in accor- phasis on creating an interior design voice louder and I sat there paralyzed dance with the wishes of Bill that is easy to maintain. The interior is unable to speak. I never met someone Ellsworth, in loving memory of his designed to underline the passengers’ so animated and enthusiastic. late wife, Annette Ellsworth. feeling of ‘flying’ in luxurious sur- Walking back to my building I was roundings. We have chosen to create convinced that I wanted to work di- a trendy interior with a light, young rectly for him. In 1967 I joined the TURBOJET REFURBISHES JETFOIL and warm Scandinavian design Advanced Hydrofoil Program Office (Continued From Page 1) touch. This could only be done by re- and the Manager of System Integra- placing the total interior with a new tion, a position that never existed at hen the first Jetfoils entered design and deck layout. The exterior the Model Basin that was typical of service in Hong Kong in the W was also stripped down to the metal Bill’s management innovations. In mid 1970s with Far East Hy- before applying new paint. This was April of that year the Director, Dr. drofoil, the forerunner of TurboJet, done not only for esthetical reasons Kiel formed the Systems Develop- they were fitted out for 278 passen- but in order to save weight. ment Office which Bill built into the gers. System Development Department Thirty years later, Norwegian design- TurboJet has also recently upgraded which consisted of the: ers were contracted to restyle the inte- its shoreside facilities for passengers, opening a ‘Service Centre’ lounge at - Advanced Hydrofoil Program Of- riors of the vessels. Capacity was the Hong Kong Macau ferry terminal. fice which resulted in a 6 ship squad- reduced to 240 passengers, with 32 Services available include priority ron ‘Super class’seats, a four seat VIP sa- loon and 104 ‘Economy class’ seats passenger check in, luggage check in, - Amphibious Assault Landing Craft on the main deck and another 100 snacks and drinks. Office resulted in 92 in service today seats on the upper deck. In 2006, the company introduced an - SWATH Ship Development Office Now the same Norwegian team has online reservations system and this resulted in a new class of ships redesigned the interior of Funchal to has since been extended to include seat 225 passengers. Thirty-two WAP bookings. Passengers can col- - Coastal Patrol Interdiction Craft ‘Super class’seats have been retained lect tickets either from sales points or (CPIC-X) Office and the forward on the main deck, a second Continued on Next Page - Advanced Concept Office.
Page 4 IHS First Quarter 2009 TURBOJET REFURBISHES JETFOIL ment does not issue separate figures rently leased from Nansha Passenger (Continued From Previous Page ) for the Hong Kong and Airport termi- Shipping, Kvaerner Fjell- strand nals but the number of services oper- FoilCat 35m hydrofoil catamaran at ‘Automatic Ticket Dispenser’ ma- ated to and from the three terminals Penha and CSSC PS 30 hydrofoil chines in the terminals. during January-June 2008 totaled Balsa. 47,090, or 12.95% more than the Stored value cards and Corporate 41,690 operated in the same period of Jetpass cards have also been intro- 2007. Fare level represents a clear paradox: duced. Available at a minimum value higher operating costs due to labour of HK$500 and maximum of For eight years, there were two opera- and fuel costs may boost fares and HK$1,500, the stored value card of- tors on the Hong Kong-Macau route, hence impact on same day visitors fers a 5% fare discount and bonus TurboJet and New World First Ferry. who are likely to be price sensitive to Points for future free crossings. The In November 2007, they were joined ferry fare. However, increased com- Corporate Jetpass is aimed at compa- by a third company, Cotai Jet. A petition with the entry of new opera- nies whose employees are frequent fourth, Macao Dragon, will introduce tors who are related to the travelers. services in the near future. entertainment business in Macau may bring fares down to attract more visi- TRAFFIC AND COMPETITION INCREASE Future growth ON HONG KONG-MACAU ROUTE tors and customers. Excerpts from Fast Ferry Interna- The Hong Kong government esti- On the other hand, more job opportu- tional, November 2008 mates that annual traffic will continue nities can be found in Hong Kong to grow by around 8.3% per annum, with the construction of many n 2007 16,861,000 passengers increasing by approximately 1.66 large-scale infrastructure projects to Itraveled between Hong Kong and million passengers per year to reach a start in the next few years. Our assess- Macau on fast ferries, 7.5% more total of 25.15 million in 2012. ment is that the number of trips to than in 2006. Another 441,000 pas- Macau by Hong Kong residents will sengers traveled between Hong Kong continue to increase in the next few airport and Macau, 34.9% more than years, albeit possibly at a somewhat in the previous year. reduced pace. Figures released by the Hong Kong Turning to journeys made by nonresi- Marine Department confirm that traf- dents, the Marine Department says, fic is continuing to increase. In the “Mainland visitors constitute the first six months of 2008, Macau ser- FoilCat Penha main portion of ferry passengers to vices operated out of the Hong Kong and from Macau. We are aware that Macau terminal in Central and the Macau is positioning itself as a con- Hong Kong China terminal in Tsim ference, exhibition and entertainment Sha Tsui (Kowloon) carried center and as such has ambitions to at- 8,667,000 passengers, a rise of 9.85% tract more international visitors. We compared with 7,890,000 passengers will keep this development in view in in the corresponding period of 2007. our monitoring of future patterns of Growth on the Airport-Macau route patronage. was 52.94%, from187,000 passen- CSSC PS Hydrofoil Balsa gers to 286,000 passengers. TurboJet Although TurboJet operates 13 BMS This year is the first in which a third Jetfoil hydrofoils and ten FBM The Hong Kong-Macau route contin- operator has made a significant con- TriCat 45m catamarans, the fleet also ues to be dominated by TurboJet, the tribution to the Hong Kong-Macau includes WaveMaster 39m catamaran brand name of Shun Tak-China routes, not least in the number of ser- Nansha No 11 and WaveMaster 42m Travel Ship Management. The num- vices operated. The Marine Depart- catamaran Nansha No 18, both cur- Continued on Next Page
IHS First Quarter 2009 Page 5 HONG KONG-MACAU ROUTE The Turbojet fleet of hydrofoils con- The newest Jetfoil operator in Japan, (Continued From Previous Page ) sists of 7 Boeing Marine Systems Jet- Cosmo Line, introduced its first ves- foil 929-100 hydrofoils (Flares, sel in 2003 and now has a fleet of bers are impressive, the company op- Madeira, Pico, Santa Maria, Sao three in service between Kagoshima, erates a fleet of 34 fast ferries on five Jorge, Urzela, Guia) and 6 Boeing on the southwestern tip of Kyushu, routes, has a total asset value of over Marine Systems Jetfoil 929-115 hy- and the islands of Yaku and HK$2 billion and employs 1,900 drofoils (Terceira, Funchal, Lilau, Tanegashima. Jetfoil 929-117 Rocket people, including 400 engineers and Horta, Cacihas, Taipa) and 1 x China 2 was originally delivered by Boeing maintenance staff. State Shipbuilding Corporation PS 30 Marine Systems in 1984 to a private hydrofoil (Balsa). owner in Saudi Arabia and rebuilt by Last year, the company carried over KHI JPS prior to entering service 14 million passengers, including 12.8 TurboJet’s 14 hydrofoils, two hydro- with Cosmo Line in 2005. All are million between Hong Kong and foil catamarans and ten FBM TriCat currently in service with Japanese Macau. In the first six months of 45m catamarans are operated exclu- operators, along with five Boeing 2008, it carried over 6.9 million pas- sively on the Hong Kong- Macau Marine Systems Jetfoil 929-115s and sengers, including “a record high of route. The company’s four Kvaerner two BMS Jetfoil 929-117s. Three 6.2 million passengers on the Hong Fjellstrand Flying Cat 40m catama- Kong-Macau route”. rans are generally operated on its Hong Kong Airport routes. There have been some changes in the fleet in recent years. In 2006, Turbo- Jet purchased two FBM TriCat 45m catamarans from the Pequot Tribal Nation in the United States and sold a BMS Jetfoil 929-100 hydrofoil to Marajet. This South Korean operator TurboJet Continues to Operate Jetfoil 929-117 Rocket 2 Seven of the Ten BMS Jetfoil had previously purchased two Jetfoil 929-100 Hydrofoils Built 929-100s and a CSSC PS 30 hydro- foil from TurboJet in 2002-2004. BMS Jetfoil 929-100s are also oper- ated by a Korean company between JAPANESE JETFOILS However, in an opening address to South Korea and Japan. the Interferry conference held in Excerpts from December 2008 Fast Hong Kong in October, Pansy Ho, the Ferry International Selichi Nishimura of KHI JPS gave chief executive officer of TurboJet rd conference delegates a review of his and managing director of Shun Tak t the 3 Interferry Conference company’s hydrofoil experience in Holdings, said, “The recent soaring Aheld in Hong Kong in October ‘Twenty Years with Jetfoil’. The role fuel cost and shrinking traveler mar- of 2008, one of the presenta- of KHI JPS, he said, is to repair hulls ket, as well as oversupply due to a tions was on the subject of Jetfoils in and machinery, overhaul gas tur- surge of new competition and new in- Japan. bines, supply spare parts and offer frastructure, I believe, are the results technical assistance to operators. of the economic cycle which reached The Jetfoil may be synonymous with its peak in the past two years. The company was established to pro- Hong Kong but there are more oper- vide product support to Japanese op- ating in Japanese waters than there erators, so overcoming any language “The market challenges that start to are on the Hong Kong-Macau route. problems that might otherwise have emerge will inevitably impose pres- Between 1989 and 1995, Kawasaki occurred in dealing with an overseas sure on the operating environment. Heavy Industries (KHI) built 15 Jet- company. KHI JPS’s achievements, We have to be vigilant in managing foil 929-117 hydrofoils under license Selichi Nishimura said, include es- this short term pressure on the profit- at its yard in Kobe. Continued on Next Page ability of our operation.
Page 6 IHS First Quarter 2009 JAPANESE JETFOILS also returned to Japan earlier this (Continued From Previous Page ) year. tablishing an abundant stock of parts This had been the last Jetfoil remain- and a fast supply chain, including ing in Europe, where a total of 12 had holding spare engines and a spare operated since the first one entered bow and stern strut and foil at the service in 1977. Five of the vessels Teknicraft Design All American Kobe yard, and developing a colli- are now in Japan and the other seven Marine 25m. Foil Assisted Cata- sion avoidance system. are operating between Hong Kong maran Orca Voyager and Macau. In recent years, Japanese operators Kenai Fjords Tours’ first Teknicraft have been acquiring earlier Jetfoils Although the Jetfoil fleet in Japan has Design 25m foil assisted catamaran, built by Boeing Marine Systems and continued to grow, Seiichi Nishimura Aialik Voyager, entered service in since 2002, KHI JPS has completed said that several of the country’s fast Spring 2007. The two twin-deck major refurbishment of six of these ferry operators are experiencing boats are identical. Both are built to vessels. commercial pressures due to the in- US Coast Guard Sub-chapter T regu- creasing cost of fuel and falling popu- lations for a maximum of 149 passen- One of the Jetfoils rebuilt in 2005, a lations on the remote islands. gers, are fitted out with 150 internal 21 year old 929-117 model, had been Eknes tip-up seats and 24 external However, the 22 Jetfoils are still car- delivered to a private owner in Saudi Beurteaux seats, and powered by two rying 2.8 million passengers each Arabia and had been laid up for more Caterpillar C32 ACERT diesels driv- year and are an indispensable link be- than ten years after it ran aground on a ing Osborne five-bladed fixed pitch tween the mainland and remote is- reef. The vessel arrived in Kobe mi- propellers via ZF 2500A gearboxes. nus its bow foil and a severely dam- lands". What is needed, and expected, aged hull. Seiichi Nishimura said, is financial Shortly after Orca Voyager was support from the Japanese govern- launched, the builder reports, “All Several Jetfoils operating between ment. American Marine (AAM) entered Japan and Korea have been damaged ALL AMERICAN MARINE DELIVERS into contract negotiations with the in collisions with whales. In one inci- FOIL ASSISTED CATAMARAN Seldovia Village Tribe to construct a dent, the bow strut became detached ferry to operate between the village of from the vessel and was later sal- From Fast Ferry International, December 2008 Seldovia and the city of Homer in vaged from the sea by KHI JPS. Alaska. Seiichi Nishimura explained that this ll American Marine has deliv- was a preferable option to building a ered a second Teknicraft Design new strut and foil, which is a lengthy A “Upon touring Orca Voyager, repre- 25m foil assisted catamaran to and expensive process. Kenai Fjords Tours. The vessel, Orca sent natives of the Seldovia Native Association were convinced that a In an attempt to avoid collisions with Voyager, left the builder’s yard in Bellingham, Washington, on its de- new vessel like Orca Voyager would marine life, KHI JPS is currently be suitable for their own ferry opera- working on a sonar system to identify livery voyage to Seward, Alaska in September, 2008. tion and signed a contract with AAM whales and an underwater speaker to begin construction. system to deter them from approach- ing vessels. Continued on Next Page Disclaimer All 15 Jetfoils built by KHI are now Interested in hydrofoil history, based in Japan. Only two were ever IHS chooses articles and pioneers, photographs? Visit the exported, to Spain, and these were photos for potential interest to IHS history and photo gallery pages laid up in 2005. Acciona Trasmedi- members, but does not endorse of the IHS website. terránea sold one to a Japanese opera- products or necessarily agree with http://www.foils.org tor last year and its remaining vessel the authors’ opinions or claims.
IHS First Quarter 2009 Page 7 ALL AMERICAN MARINE Marina and the French port of service with the Flying Princess has (Continued From Previous Page ) Dieppe that was due to start in April been successful and passenger re- 1979. sponse has been good, but with one Like Kenai Fjord Tours, Seldovia is craft and only temporary facilities, located on the Kenai Peninsula and the quality of the service has not been the vessel is well suited to operate in as good as we would wish. However, the harsh Alaskan environment. all the lessons learned during the ex- AAM has already started construc- periment will be incorporated in our tion on the new Seldovia Bay Ferry plans.’ and is expecting to deliver the vessel in the early summer of 2009. “The company is very satisfied with the overall performance of the Jetfoil “The semi-displacement catamaran P&O Jet Ferries Operated Jetfoil 929-100. Boeing Marine was heavily hulls of the vessels have a combined Flying Princess for 16 Months in involved in the Zeebrugge service. It symmetrical and asymmetrical shape, 1977-1978 supplied technical support, the oper- bow wave piercer, and hydrofoil sys- ating crew and the maintenance team. tem. The vessels’ design offers pas- “By agreement with conventional sengers a smooth ride and extreme surface transport systems between the two terminals and Paris and Lon- comfort. The catamarans are also “Serious water jet ingestion prob- don respectively, a London-Paris ser- highly stable and have outstanding lems were experienced in the River vice can be operated in 51/2 hours. seakeeping ability. Thames during the first few months This will be the fastest form of sur- of the service. The majority of de- “For the operator, the most valuable face transport linking the two city bris was picked up while Jetfoil was feature of these vessels is the excel- centres. alongside the pier at St Katherine’s lent fuel economy, which consumes Dock. approximately the same gallons per “The service is just five and a half months away. During that time the nautical mile throughout the cruising “The problem was solved by Boeing two terminals have to be constructed, speed range of 20 knots up to 27 fitting a smaller mesh grille in the wa- staff have to be employed, equipment knots. Fully loaded, Orca Voyager ter jet intake, building debris deflec- and spares ordered, a reservation and reaches a top speed of 31 knots and tors onto the hull and incorporating administration system established cruises efficiently at 27 knots.” an air blown down system. P&O and the whole concept to be mar- points out that there were no inges- 30 YEARS AGO –JETFOIL SERVICES keted. A truly formidable task. How- tion problems at the Zeebrugge end From Fast Ferry International, De- ever such is the enthusiasm for the of the service. cember 2008 project that it is quite clear that ev- erything will be ready in time.” It “Between January and September he November and December was. 1978 the service achieved a weather 1978 issues of Hovering Craft & T reliability in excess of 93 per cent and Hydrofoil were combined into a Another article reported on P&O’s an overall reliability of 87-89 per single magazine. An article in H&H experience on a Jetfoil route between cent, which P&O consider very ac- detailed the background planning for London and Zeebrugge, Belgium, ceptable for an experimental one- the proposed Boeing Jetfoil that had been withdrawn in Septem- craft service. cross-Channel service which will op- ber 1978 and the company’s plans to erate under the name of ‘SeaJet, the open a new cross-Channel service Because Jetfoil 007 was a foreign ship that flies’, [and] will run three re- between London and Ostend. flag craft operated by a non-British turn services daily. The journey time crew, it had to carry two pilots on ev- “P&O Jet Ferries stresses that the will be one hour and forty minutes. ery service, one for the Thames Estu- London-Zeebrugge service intro- ary and one for the river itself. About Trains and terminals were key to a duced on June 1, 1977 was purely ex- 75 per cent of services on the 136 completely new Boeing Jetfoil cross- perimental. In a notice to passengers Channel service between Brighton the Company says that the ‘charter Continued on Next Page
Page 8 IHS First Quarter 2009 30 YEARS AGO In the true spirit of green operations It is estimated that the solar panels (Continued From Previous Page) there is an increasing focus on the use will produce up to 10kW of power so of solar power. A 14m solar-powered the propulsion energy is quite small nautical mile route were completed boat has made the first solar crossing and this vessel only becomes viable within [the] 3-3/4 hours timetabled. of the Atlantic and numerous small with the addition of the wind power. It passenger boats operating on rivers, “The shortest journey was 3 hours 21 is estimated that the Volitan should be canals and lakes use only solar power. minutes and the longest 4 hours 6 capable of speeds up to 13 knots. Now a Turkish team has developed minutes. P&O says that the fastest designs for a revolutionary so- This speed potential is only possible time could have been beaten on sev- lar-powered vessel designed to oper- because the hull is planned with a eral occasions but the craft would ate in winds of up to 60 knots, making very light weight, and this empha- have arrived before the Customs so it a true sea-going craft. sizes that at the present levels of solar the journey along the Thames was technology, those vessels used for completed at reduced speed. “One problem with operating in the Thames is that Jetfoil requires about 22 feet of water to ensure a safe ditch- ing in an emergency stop. In the upper reaches of the River this is not always available so within one hour each side of low water the craft has to be oper- ated in the displacement mode at about 8 knots for approximately 40 minutes. Consequently, during the Zeebrugge service Jetfoil came off foil in the Thames an average of twelve times a month.” However, “Passenger reaction to Jet- foil was excellent, 98 per cent of those asked during a survey period said they would use the craft again” and “P&O Jet Ferries believes that the Company has carved out a new The Volitan Sun and Wind Powered Hull market”. The Volitan hull is 33m long and has this method of propulsion have to be two ‘wings’ angled up at 45 degrees. based on extremely efficient hull de- DEMANDS FOR ECO CREDENTIALS These wings are covered with solar signs, with weight being a critical GROW IN POPULARITY panels to harness the sun’s power, but factor. As this Volitan shows, the only they also act as sails to harness wind From Ferry Technology, June/July concepts that seem to be viable are power. A long thin hull has been de- 2008 the more extreme ones or those that signed for efficiency and it is sup- operate on calm water. By Dag Pike ported on two underwater angled fins that generate lift. Electric propulsion In Norway, an environmental group Turkish team has been high- motors arc contained at the extremi- has taken delivery of a fast catamaran Alighting the merits of its Volitan ties of these fins. Both the above and built by Fjellstrand Shipyard. Or- hull with solar-powered sails, below water fins can be folded for op- dered by the Green Warriors of Nor- while Fjellstrand has just delivered erations in more extreme sea condi- way, this 34m-long vessel is claimed the 34m catamaran Miljodronningen tions. to the Green Warriors of Norway Continued on Page 12
IHS First Quarter 2009 Page 9 SAILOR’S PAGE
SPEED SAILING RECORDS TUMBLE AS The sea, being considerably choppier In the time that repairs are being un- DO SPEED SAILING CRAFT than the previous days, may have dertaken, the foils will also be modi- contributed to the capsize. Fortu- fied. While the lower portion of the Late last year saw a string of nately, there were no serious injuries foils will remain unchanged, as they speed sailing records broken, and and reportedly the crew suffered only have demonstrated the necessary per- at the same time, a number of a few scratches. The capsized craft formance for a design speed of 55 speed sailing craft have tumbled was subsequently towed to Fos sur knots, the upper portions will be mod- in various accidents while at- Mer. ified to make them more sturdy for tempting speed sailing records: sailing in waves. The team remain committed to chal- L’HYDROPTÈRE CAPSIZE lenging the new absolute speed re- It is planned that l’Hydroptère will be n the 4th Quarter 2008 newsletter, cord of 50.57 knots (over 500m) as rebuilt by Spring. we reported on new World Speed well as an open sea 24 hour distance I ********** Sailing Records achieved by the record. l’Hydroptère team (www.hydro- By late January, l’Hydroptère had SAILROCKET BREAKS B CLASS petere.com). been disassembled to facilitate repair WORLD SPEED SAILING RECORD THEN FLIPS. Unfortunately, during further at- of damaged components while at the same time further optimization will tempts at such records, on the morn- he Vestas Sailrocket team was Tbriefly the world’s fastest sailing boat (not including windsurfers and kite-boats) during December 2008. While a planing hull rather than being foil supported, your editor feels all craft which achieve such re- cords deserve recognition in this col- umn. The WSSR Council has ratified a new world B Class speed sailing re- cord for the solid wing sail Vestas Sailrocket piloted by Australian, Paul Larsen. This was achieved on 3rd De- cember 2008 at Walvis Bay, Namibia over a measured distance of 501.9 metres with an average speed of 47.36 knots achieved. The record for this class was previ- ously held by Simon McKeon sailing l’Hydroptère Floating After Capsize on 21 December 2008 Yellow Pages in 1993 which achieved 44.65 knots. Paul Larsen’s commen- ing of 21 December 2008 l’Hydro- tary about the record run and a subse- ptère capsized after reaching peak be undertaken on the design. Repairs quent attempt to improve on it the speeds of up to 61 knots in winds be- to the composite hull are now under- same day to, which resulted in flip- tween 35 and 38 knots and gusts way in a dedicated ‘tent’ surrounding ping of the craft, is provided on the reaching 45 knots off Napoléon the hull at the Foselev Marine ship- comprehensive Vestas Sailrocket beach at Port-Saint-Louis- yard in La Seyne sur Mer allowing website (www.sailrocket.com): du-Rhône, which has been the base temperature and humidity to be con- for the teams speed record attempts. trolled. Continued on Next Page
Page 10 IHS First Quarter 2009 “There was enough wind to sail a the fastest boat in the world and con- ated… and bloody hell… did she ac- ‘flattish’ trajectory onto the course. I gratulated Malcolm on designing it.” celerate. apparently she pulled 0.35 built enough apparent to attach flow G’s all the way up to 52 knots before onto the wingsail with only a slight “It was only later when we checked the nose lifted. I expected her to step dip, we were off. I was quick to sheet the two onboard GPS systems that we sideways as before but not this time. in and get on the main flap whilst si- saw we had actually hit sustained The nose floated higher… and then it speeds went quiet… I was flying. I waited over 50 for some sort of touchdown… some- knots where… but it didn’t come. the nose peaking just kept going up until I was looking at 51.76 vertically up at it! There was no roll- knots. ing and I was just a passenger. It was We aver- still quiet… and strangely dry as we aged continued the loop. I sort of knew I 46.4 was inverted. It all seemed to take so knots long. I consciously thought “righto over boy, when this thing smacks down… 1000 get the hell out of it because you’re meters. gonna be upside down”!!! The mean wind I smacked down hard. Like someone speed big had full palm slapped my helmet was with all their might. I was out of that around boat in an instant. I was a bit beat up Vestas Sailrocket sailing at over 50 knots in perfect control. 22 and bruised… but alright. I lay on the knots.“ upturned hull and got my head to- multaneously switching from foot to gether. My helmet was broken but I hand steering. A real one man band “The wind was gusting to 25 on the let everyone know I was OK.” affair. Vestas Sailrocket was going second start indicating an average of hard and I had tunnel vision… Con- around trol was excellent. At one stage a gust 22-23 pulled the nose away and I brought it knots… gently back up. The main flap was in no more. but I noticed that the wing angle was I did an still a little eased. It was too late to even change. The boat was smoking… but flatter balanced. I held onto it until I was start up certain that a solid 500 meter average proce- was recorded… and then dumped the dure fo- flap and eased the wing… I pulled on cusing the leading edge bridle to slow her on get- down by feathering the wing and it ting the worked a treat. Hiskia caught the boat wing on the shore. I was pretty surprised by into 10 the data on the GPS. It read a top degrees speed of 48.90 knots and an average as soon of 47.35! I told the team over the as she Vestas Sailrocket Flips on Attempt to Increase Speed Further VHF that they were now looking at acceler-
IHS First Quarter 2009 Page 11 VOLITAN remote operated vehicle (ROV), it ALISWATH NEWS (Continued From Page 9) will be possible to recover seabed and water samples from depths of 200m, By Lorenzo Bonasera, IHS Member to be the most environment-friendly and there is an onboard laboratory for ship ever built and it is planned for analysis. s a follow-up to the featured ar- use as a floating conference center as Aticle in the Fourth Quarter 2008 well as for coastal surveillance and as The NKr41.2 million that it cost to Newsletter, Lorenzo Bonasera a research ship. build this craft has come mainly from reports as follows: Shown here is a private and corporate sponsors, with recent picture taken in Rodriquez The design for the new Miljodro- a Norwegian bank coordinating the Yard, which shows the progress be- nningen has been based on loan structures. To cover some of the ing carried out on the AliSWATH Fjellstrand’s Flying Cat Type 35 class operational costs, this vessel will be prototype and the Hydrofoil 1 (first of and it has a 10.4m beam. The basic engaged on the spot market for short two different T-Foil projects). concept has been modified, with the term use by government and private hull “ice-strengthened” for opera- companies. tions in northern areas such as the Barents Sea and the coasts of Whilst there are many “green” ships Spitzbergen. it has also been fitted operating around the world on envi- with a helicopter platform and a ronmental missions this new vessel moon pool so that it can undertake a the Green Warriors is thought to be wide variety of projects in green re- the first to make use of fast ferry tech- search. nology. Propulsion power is provided by twin Editor’s Note: Although this vehicle 75kW (100 bhp) diesel engines that does not have foils (yet), it is interest- are coupled to conventional shaft and ing to see that innovation is going on AliSWATH and Hydrofoil 1 someplace in the world! propeller systems. The maximum I have downloaded the photo from speed is a modest 25 knots in keeping the site “NEA” (naviearmatori.net). with the ‘green’ requirements. At NEW BENEFIT One can appreciate the different di- present, these engines operate on mensions of two projects .....but the conventional diesel oil, but the cata- IHS provides a free link from small T-foil (which looks small, if maran has been designed with the the IHS website to members’ per- compared with the AliSWATH) is possibility of burning alternative fu- sonal and/or corporate site. To re- larger and longer than a Foilmaster!! els in the future. quest your link, contact William White, IHS Home Page Editor at ************* The main role of Miljodronningen is a [email protected] combination of education and re- search. The passenger and confer- ence room capacity is for 50 people IHS BOARD OF DIRECTORS and with its moon pool the catamaran will be able to undertake subsea re- 2006-2009 2007-2010 2008-2011 search operations. When operating a Mark R. Bebar Sumi Arima Joel Billingsley IHS OFFICERS 2008 - 2009 John Meyer President Dennis Clark John R. Meyer Captain Frank Horn Mark Bebar Vice President William Hockberger Joel Roberts John Monk
George Jenkins Treasurer George Jenkins William White Ken Spaulding Ken Spaulding Secretary
Page 12 IHS First Quarter 2009 The NEWSLETTER International Hydrofoil Society P. O. Box 51, Cabin John MD 20818 USA
Editor: John R. Meyer Second Quarter 2009 Sailing Editor: Martin Grimm NEW ROLES FOR METEOR SUSTAINING MEMBERS HYDROFOILS From Fast Ferry International, March 2009 Between 1957 and 1991, more than 1,000 hydrofoil ferries were built in the USSR. The first to appear, the 27m Raketa, was produced in the greatest numbers. According to Hungarian operator Mahart, 389 were delivered between 1957 and 1976. he second Soviet hydrofoil to enter series production, the 34m TMeteor, did not appear in such numbers but construction contin- ued for 43 years. Meteor-1 was launched in 1960, the design was still being built when the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and produc- tion continued for another 12 years after that. The total number produced has never been publicly revealed but at least 160 were delivered to Soviet operators between 1960 and 1991. The total is probably greater, the highest numbered vessel to enter ______service in the USSR was Meteor-282. YOUR 2009 IHS DUES ARE DUE
See Full Announcement on Page 2
INSIDE THIS ISSUE - President’s Column...... p.2 From Ferry to Luxury Motor Yacht, Meteor-235 Shortly - Welcome New Members... p.2 After Conversion in 2005 - Coastal Service in Trinidad . p. 4 Many of the Meteors have now reached the end of their operational - Orders and Deliveries..... p.7 life as ferries and have been laid up or scrapped. Several of those in Russia, however, have been converted for new roles, some of them - MAPC Update...... p.8 unexpected. - Harbor Wing AUSV . . . . . p. 9 See Meteor Hydrofoils, Page 3 - Sailor’s Page...... p.10 PRESIDENT’S COLUMN WELCOME NEW MEMBERS Leigh McCue – Leigh is an Assis- tant Professor in Virginia Tech’s To All IHS Members new members; namely 12 in the first 4 Department of Aerospace and months of the year. But all members pointed out the flurry of commer- Ocean Engineering and an affiliate are still asked to encourage col- cial hydrofoil activity Worldwide, to the VT Department of Engi- I leagues to join. Please make them but mostly in the Eastern Hemi- neering Education. Her research in- aware of the IHS website and the fea- sphere, as depicted in several articles terests are in nonlinear and chaotic tures regarding membership. in the Fourth Quarter 2008 and First vessel dynamics including capsize, parametric rolling, and sea-based Quarter 2009 issues of the IHS News- I want to remind you that you can aviation operations largely involv- letter. Now there seems to be some ac- view the Membership List by logging ing analytical and numerical ap- tivity in the Eastern Hemisphere as onto the IHS website and put in the proaches. This work has been recorded in this issue of the NL. These proper password. All IHS members supported by ONR, CSC, and NSF. vehicles are all foil-assisted catama- have been informed of this password. Additionally, Dr. McCue has twice rans which have taken hold, and have If you have been missed, please con- participated in the ASEE-ONR been recognized as having many ad- tact the webmaster (webmaster Summer Faculty Research Program vantages over con- @foils.org). It is ad- YOUR 2009 DUES ARE DUE to continue her work in collabora- ventional “boats.” visable for all to IHS Membership options are: tion with researchers at the check the informa- IHS Members in the US$20 for 1 year, $38 for 2 Carderock Division of the Naval tion on the List. If it Washington, DC years, and $54 for 3 years. Stu- Surface Warfare Center. is incorrect, please area were fortunate dent membership is still only send changes to: to be able to attend a US$10. For payment of regular Dr. McCue received her BSE degree Steve Chorney: Joint Meeting of the membership dues by credit in Mechanical and Aerospace Engi- (membership IHS and the SNAME card using PAYPAL, please go neering in 2000 from Princeton @foils.org) SD-5 Panel on 30 to the IHS Membership page University. She earned her graduate degrees from the University of April. The presenta- at
Page 2 IHS Second Quarter 2009 METEOR HYDROFOILS 300th anniversary of the foundation the aft saloon is equipped with sofa (Continued From Page 1) of the city, these were refitted with seating and a bar. VIP interiors and carried visiting dig- HISTORY nitaries on the River Neva. The ves- The performance of the vessel is re- ported to be the same as the ferry ver- Like all the country’s hydrofoil fer- sels are now operated on specialist sion, a cruising speed of 35 knots and ries, the Meteor was designed in excursions and charters. a maximum speed of 43 knots. Gorky by the Central Hydrofoil De- LUXURY MOTOR YACHT sign Bureau. The earliest vessels CAFÉ? were built locally at the Krasnoye A far more ambitious conversion of Sormovo yard and production lines both the exterior and interior of the 16 More recently, another Meteor was were later opened at the Gorky yard year old Meteor-235 was undertaken lifted ashore onto a pontoon in in Zelenodolsk and the Khabarovsk in 2005. A commission to restyle and Sverdlovsk, Krasnoyarsk, in central yard on the Amur river. refit the vessel as a luxury motor Siberian Russia and refitted, appar- yacht was awarded to Avenir K, a ently for a more egalitarian use than As the Meteor was designed for ser- Russian design company. Meteor-235. vice on the USSR’s relatively shel- tered rivers, lakes and reservoirs, In December 2007, the Meteor Café very few were exported during the opened its doors for the first time. 1960s and 1970s. The first Soviet hy- However, nine months later, the local drofoil to appear overseas in any authorities launched an investigation numbers was the Kometa, a coastal into the business that was actually be- waters design that was developed ing conducted on board the hydrofoil. from the Meteor. Earliest Meteor operators outside the Suspicions were aroused by the form USSR were based in Czechoslovakia of marketing adopted by the owners and Hungary but the combined fleets of the Meteor Café, large billboards of these companies totaled only featuring photographs of young la- seven vessels. During the 1980s and dies in various states of undress. This 1990s, seven other Meteors entered Midships Saloon of one of Four led the authorities to conclude that the service in Greece and the Nether- Meteor VIP Hydrofoils Operated principle business activity of Meteor lands, and possibly more than 25 on in St. Petersburg Café was related not to coffee but to exotic dancing or, as the authorities the rivers of China and Vietnam. The work, which took six months to put it, something even worse. Of the Meteors remaining in the for- complete, included restyling the for- mer republics of the USSR, at least 80 ward superstructure of the vessel, in- SUNKEN METEOR are still in service each summer, be- stalling new windows along both In the Canary Islands, a Meteor be- tween 30 and 50 are laid up and at sides and replacing part of the aft su- came the subject of a more whole- least 15 have been scrapped. Four perstructure with a sun deck, visor some pastime when it sank in 2003. others are now permanently ashore, and a hydraulically operated swim- The vessel was at anchor off the coast two have been preserved and two ming platform. of Gran Canaria while on a delivery have been converted into cafes. voyage when a storm passed through CONVERSIONS The bow saloon was refitted with two the area and lifted it onto rocks. bedrooms with bathrooms and the Other vessels remain In service in midships saloon was refitted as a din- The holed hydrofoil came to rest on new guises. The standard capacity of ing room featuring a 12 place table the seabed in 18 metres of water and the Meteor is 112-124 passengers but and sofa seating aft. Food is prepared became a popular site with divers as it four operating in St Petersburg carry in a kitchen located further aft on the was possible to enter the wreck and it only 78 passengers. In 2003, the port side. The remaining section of attracted a rich variety of marine life.
IHS Second Quarter 2009 Page 3 FOIL ASSISTED CATAMARAN ENTERS comfortable and reliable, and also two years for service in France and SERVICE IN HAWAII more fuel efficient. The vessel will the Caribbean. They arrived in Trini- replace the 20 year-old Rachel Ma- dad from the United Kingdom in From Fast Ferry International, rie.” June 2008. The larger catamaran, Su, January-February 2009 was launched in Singapore in 1996 The other International Catamarans 25m foil assisted catamaran, and operated in Guadeloupe until 22m ferry leased by the City and 2005. ACatalina Adventure, entered ser- County of Honolulu, Melissa Ann, vice in Hawaii at the end of De- will continue to be operated on the Four daily return services have ini- cember, 2008 on a service called Kalaeloa-Honolulu route. tially been timetabled between Port ”The Boat” route between Kalaeloa of Spain and San Fernando. Sched- and Honolulu. The leased vessel, de- uled journey time is approximately signed by Viking Fast Craft Solutions COASTAL SERVICE LAUNCHED IN 50 minutes in each direction. The and built by Geo Shipyard, was deliv- TRINIDAD second phase of the project includes ered to Californian operator Pacific extending the route north to Point Adventure Cruises in 2007. From Fast Ferry International, Cumana, south to Point Fortin and in- January- February 2009 Catalina Adventure has replaced one troducing additional stops. of two International Catamarans long awaited service along Commenting on the planned expan- Nichols Brothers 22m catamarans ATrinidad’s west coast from Port sion, Hornblower vice president of operated since September 2007 by of Spain was introduced on De- operations Gary Seabrook said, “The Hornblower Marine Services on be- cember 1, 2008. Four vessels are be- service is commuter oriented and half of the City and County of Hono- ing operated by Hornblower Marine will begin operations with four ves- lulu. Services under contract to the Trini- sels, with four additional vessels dad and Tobago government’s Na- added over the next two years. tional Infrastructure Development Company. Last year, the National In- “Hornblower Marine Services Trini- frastructure Development Company dad will operate the ferries on behalf (NIDCO) purchased three Teknicraft of the NIDCO. The ‘water taxi ser- Design 27m foil assisted catamarans vice’ is vital to the region to alleviate from VT Shipbuilding and a vehicle traffic on the national road- Marinteknik Shipbuilders 45m cata- ways and to improve community and maran from a Turkish operator. business productivity. The service is looking to ultimately carry 9,000 passengers on approximately 34 daily trips!" Geo Shipyard 25m Foil Assisted ********* Catamaran Catalina Adventure
The City of Honolulu reports that the two catamarans carried more than Disclaimer 83,000 passengers during the first 16 IHS chooses articles and months that “The Boat” service was Three Technicraft Design 27m photos for potential interest to IHS operating. Foil Assisted Catamarans have members, but does not endorse Entered Service in Trinidad products or necessarily agree with Announcing the introduction of the the authors’ opinions or claims. new ferry, Honolulu’s Department of The three sister vessels (HC Katia, Transportation Services said, “Cata- HC Milancia and HC Olivia) were lina Adventure is expected to be more built in 2004 and originally leased for
Page 4 IHS Second Quarter 2009 VEEM LIMITED circulating fluid to be captured. This of 3.0mm down to 0.0mm (flush) in “wedge” of fluid induces a local in- 0.5mm increments. The amount of crease in lift in this region of the foil propeller pitch that this adjustment Courtesy of Luke Silich; Mar- section, without the associated fric- equates to depends on the particular keting Coordinator for VEEM tional drag associated with alterna- application. On most applications, EEM began manufacturing tive foil sections. Furthermore the the VEEM Interceptor™ is able to Vpropellers in 1956 and has since effective pitch of the blade foil sec- provide a range of adjustment of ap- delivered tens of thousands of tion is dependant on the relative proximately +/- 1.5” to +/-2.0” when propellers to meet the needs of a mul- height of the Interceptor strip. starting from a mid-height strip. On titude of users in the leisure, high most applications, each increment is The ability to adjust the relative speed naval and work boat markets. capable of adjusting engine RPM by height of the protrusion via inter- approx 15-25 rpm depending on ves- VEEM High Performance Propellers changeable strips allows the effec- sel and engine characteristics. has recently launched its patented In- tive pitch of the propeller to be terceptor Propeller™ technology adjusted to suit the specific applica- VEEM also manufactures hydrofoils which lets one adjust the effective tion the propeller operates in. for Austal Ships based on an Austal pitch of its fully CNC machined pro- Ships foil design. The foils are a The VEEM Interceptor™ ensures pellers. complex hollow-cast foil section that maximum vessel performance is VEEM’s Interceptor propeller al- always able to be ob- lows the pitch of the propeller to be tained and can be ad- adjusted quickly and accurately, justed to take into without mechanically compromising account the following the fully CNC contoured blade sur- variables that effect face that is standard on all VEEM vessel performance propellers. This advanced, patented and engine RPM: design operates by fitting adjustable - Vessel weight varia- height strips into the trailing edge of tion during construc- the propeller blade. It is a unique tion method of adjusting pitch which al- lows the maximum performance po- - Marine growth on tential of the vessel to be obtained hull and/or propellers upon launch, and throughout the life This T-Foil was Manufactured in Late 2005 of the vessel. - Added equipment or weight, such as a ten- made from NiBrAl material, and are der craft assembled from several parts. - Engine power variation (generally +/- 1-3%) It was manufactured for a large Tri- maran with a length of 127 metres - Addition of vessel structures, such and a speed of 40.5 knots. Their larg- as fishing towers est T-Foil to date measures 13.5 Interceptor Prop with Strips - Addition of ride control equip- square metres, weighs in at 10.7 The Interceptor design is an adjust- ment, such as roll fins tonnes, has a spar (wing) length of able protrusion on the trailing edge of 6.2 metres and was built in 6 modules the pressure face of the blade to pro- - Operating environment, such as before being assembled in their fac- duce a surface discontinuity. The hot tropical regions tory in Canning Vale. Six months in protrusion is arranged with an in- cluded angle equal to or less than 90 The VEEM Interceptor™ strips can degrees which causes a “wedge” of be adjusted from a protrusion height Continued on Next Page
IHS Second Quarter 2009 Page 5 VEEM LIMITED system - which incorporates a sessed well before expensive scale (Continued From Previous Page ) streamlined fairing cap and a rudder tank testing, reports Carnival Corpo- system with a bulb for efficiency em- rate Shipbuilding’s Chris Joly, He braces a number of elements which suggests, “In all ships, and particu- each manufacturer has adapted to larly in cruise tonnage, efficiency has complement the technology pro- to be balanced against noise, and the vided by the other. responsibility for achieving the speci- fied noise levels is contracted to the The intention is that the equipment shipyard.” package would be custom-designed for each application. However, it is As a result, he adds, given the gener- A T-Foil was Mounted on claimed that Energopac will improve ally high passage speeds overnight Benchijigua Express overall efficiency performance by between ports, naval architects tend between 2 to 9 per cent, without com- to be conservative with design and the making, a T-Foil of this size was a promising manoeuvrability or com- very aware of the high standards on giant leap forward in their casting, fort. vibration and noise required by the machining and overall engineering cruise operator: typically, maximum abilities. The T-Foil worked ex- acceleration of 100 mm/sec 2 and ve- tremely well improving the trim of locity 1.5 mm/sec for frequencies be- the Trimaran, making the ride more low 5Hz. Mr. Joly says, “We continue pleasant for passengers and enabling carefully to seek the optimum solu- higher and more economical speeds. tion in propeller design.”
The T-Foil operated by way of an Ai- leron which was actuated according to the measured swell the vessel en- countered, allowing the bow of the vessel to be lifted in and out of the sea as required. PURSUING A MORE EFFICIENT THRUST
Kamewa CP-A Propeller Hub From Passenger Ship Technology, December/January 2008/9 Ropax ferries with high power den- sity propulsion systems and noise By Doug Woodyard limit requirements are considered excellent candidates for Encrgopac Energopac Integrated Propeller- nteraction between a vessel’s pro- integrated propeller/rudder installa- Rudder System Ipeller and rudder contributes to tions. The power requirement can be overall energy efficiency, and op- significantly reduced for a typical Hubs for CP propellers are mature timum performance can generally be 25MW plant, yielding fuel cost sav- products and development is by evo- fostered by a single integrated de- ings of US$125,000 a year or more lution rather than by revolution. By sign. per percentage point in power reduc- examining all the mechanical and hy- Recent co-operation between Wart- tion. drodynamic aspects of its established Kamewa XF-5 hub design and apply- sila and German rudder specialist Propeller design has improved sig- Becker, which has resulted in the de- ing the latest analysis tools and tech- nificantly over the years as refine- niques, however, Rolls-Royce was velopment of the Energopac con- ments and the prediction of cavi- cept, underlines this fact. The new tation and pressure pulses can be as- Continued on Next Page
Page 6 IHS Second Quarter 2009 PURSUING A MORE EFFICIENT THRUST were both ordered and delivered in Afast ferry is regarded as a vessel ca- (Continued From Previous Page ) 2008. pable of carrying at least 50 passen- gers, or an equivalent payload of One reason for the discrepancy is that passengers and cargo, at a minimum able to improve the power-to-weight changes in specifications for six ves- service speed of 25 knots. Medium ratio by 20 per cent without compro- sels delivered in 2008 resulted in their speed and military versions of fast mising strength. full load service speed dropping be- ferry designs are not included low 25 knots. Another is that orders An added benefit for the resulting for four vessels either lapsed or the Kamewa CP-Ahub is greater wearing vessels are now being built for stock. surfaces for the blade foot bearings, thus reducing loads on these elements The major reason, however, is that the to increase strength and wear resis- delivery of 12 vessels due to enter ser- tance. The new hub shape also report- vice in 2008 has slipped to 2009. Con- edly reduces drag and delivers versely, two catamarans scheduled for benefits in propulsive efficiency completion in 2009 were delivered to- and/or maximum speed. wards the end of 2008. The operating principle of the XF-5 The delayed deliveries have boosted hub is retained, based on a simple, the number of outstanding orders of compact and strong arrangement in course, although the total was only a which the pitch of the blades is set by relatively low 47 at the end of 2008. a hydraulic piston connected to a Of these, 26 were ordered during crosshead in the hub carrying slide 2008, fewer than anticipated as two blocks riding on pins in the blade feet. operators had been expected to place contracts for 24 catamarans but one Traditional for Rolls-Royce CP pro- opted for a medium speed design and pellers, the blades bolt onto the hub the other postponed an expansion of and are individually designed to suit its present fleet. the vessel and its operating condi- tions. Two main variants of the hub Even so, the figures for 2008 deliver- are offered: the CP-A standard ver- ies and outstanding orders are far sion covers applications with speeds from impressive. The 44 vessels de- up to 30 knots while the CP-A/H ver- livered is the lowest total since 2005 sion targets faster vessels. and the 47 vessels on order on Decem- ber 31 is the lowest since 2000. The ORDERS AND DELIVERIES combined total of 91 is also the lowest since 2000. From Fast Ferry International, On a brighter note, a notable percent- January-February 2009 age of deliveries and orders involve larger vessels; there has been little ev- he number of fast ferries deliv- idence of operators canceling orders ered during 2008, a total of 44, or delaying deliveries, as has been ex- T perienced recently by builders of may seem surprisingly low con- Interested in hydrofoil history, more conventional ships; and an en- sidering that a year ago Fast Ferry pioneers, photographs? Visit the couraging number of operators are be- International reported 69 vessels history and photo gallery pages lieved to be close to confirming were on order for delivery in 2008 of the IHS website. contracts for fast ferries. and 2009, particularly as five vessels http://www.foils.org
IHS Second Quarter 2009 Page 7 MAPC UPDATE KVICHAK MARINE DELIVERS CATAMA- Kvichak. Additional sonar equip- RAN TO NOAA ment includes two hull-mounted ustaining Member, Maritime Ap- Airmar M42 dual-frequency trans- Splied Physics Corporation From Marinelink, March 2009 ducers and an Interocean survey (MAPC), has developed a winch for towing side-scan sonar vichak Marine Industries re- 30-meter hydrofoil design and is ac- equipment. tively marketing this vessel in both Kcently constructed and deliv- passenger and crew-boat variants. ered the R/V Bay Hydro II,a54 The two-strut diesel-driven 37-knot ft foil-assisted catamaran, to the Na- Obtaining a top speed of about 30 hydrofoil features an inclined shaft tional Oceanic Atmospheric Admin- knots, the catamaran is powered by with strut heights dictated by the op- istration (NOAA), which will be twin MTU 6062 HK31 engines rated erating service. MAPC hopes to be- based at NOAA’s facility in for 740 BHP at 2,300 RPM each. gin construction of the first vessel in Solomons, MD. The contract was the fall of 2009 with delivery in the awarded early last year following a HELMUT KOCK IS ALIVE AND WELL spring of 2011. competitive tender process. AT AGE 96 ill Stewart, long-time associate Bof Helmut Kock, informed us that he has talked to Helmut on the telephone and had a great time reminiscing about developing the Discoverer in San Diego and the Al- batross in Costa Mesa/Newport Beach, CA. Helmut says he is blind, MAPC Hydrofoil Ferry Design as he tells us in his article on the The past year finds our company NOAA Foil Assisted Catamaran website, but he is well taken care of. somewhat sheltered from the eco- Bill looks forward to visiting him nomic downturn by a high percentage NOAA will deploy the all-alum- soon in San Diego to really go over of U.S. Government contracts. Our inum, 54 ft x 20 ft catamaran as their old times. company continues to perform 15 work platform for an ongoing, three- R&D contracts, several prototype part mission: Bill points out that there were two contracts, and six production con- - Conduct hydrographic surveys to others who were important in the de- tracts, with the main office located in update nautical charts and improve velopment of the Albatross. It was Ira Baltimore, Maryland. Our revenue navigation on the Chesapeake Bay E. Dowd, the man who really was the will grow by more than 20% in 2009. - Utilize as a test platform for pioneer promoter of commercial hy- NOAA’s charting efforts drofoils in America, and responsible Our staff consists of 65 engineers, - Public relations and educational for getting Helmut Kock’s hydrofoil technicians, and support personnel. outreach to schools from elementary built and certified by the U.S. Coast Our technicians are experienced in to university level Guard to carry passengers for hire, fabrication of advanced electrical, the first ever in the U.S. Also, Wil- electronic, and mechanical systems. liam R. Batley, Jr. helped develop the Our technical staff includes mechani- The catamaran is fitted with a 3 ft x 7 extrusion process and the welding cal, electrical, ocean, and aerospace ft moon pool cut through the main techniques for the foils. He and Bill engineers as well as personnel with deck amidships. The moon pool is have remained close friends and oc- degrees in naval architecture, phys- closed by a sliding structural hatch in casional business associates since ics, computer science, and material the bottom of the tunnel and a first meeting him on the Albatross science at degree levels from bache- top-mounted deck grate when not in project. Bill Stewart was chief finan- lors to PhD. More information is use. NOAA will mount their sonar cial officer of HYDRO-CAPITAL available at: www.mapcorp.com equipment on a retractable strut that during that time arranging the financ- is fabricated and installed by ing of the project.
Page 8 IHS Second Quarter 2009 THE HARBOR WING AUSV lightweight composite platform. Few proving the class. It’s not until the folks have any experience in this foils are placed on a wider platform Courtesy of Ken Childress, Vice unique area of engineering. Smaller that the boat speed to wind speed President, Business Development, prototypes that were built consulting starts to climb. That is why Hydrosail Harbor Wing Technologies, Inc. with Dr. Sam Bradfield, a pioneer in has chosen the trimaran platform. the sailing hydrofoil field, showed Some of the platforms that Hydrosail he Harbor Wing Autonomous very impressive stability TUnmanned Surface Vessel characteristics. (AUSV) is designed to use hy- drofoils for enhanced seaworthiness, For example a 20 ft. LWLtri- speed and stability in performing its maran could breach the sur- long-range, open-ocean missions. face with all 3 foils at 25 kts. Initially developed by Dr. Sam and reenter at steep enough Bradfield and the Hydrosail team, the angles to bring the boat to a newly re-engineered and patent pend- sudden dead stop without ing systems will be an integral part of subjecting the boat to pitch the open-ocean AUSV. The hydro- polling. If the crew was not foils are designed to be retractable physically holding tight on with a maximum extended draft of ap- to something they usually proximately 8 feet. It is anticipated ended up in the water 10-15 feet in front of the boat. There has has prototyped have approached that the AUSV will be able to raise its twice wind speed. This occurs when hulls out of the water at about 15 been much recent engineering with hydrofoils being the windward foil pulls down and the used only for high lee foil lifts dramatically increasing speed record at- the righting moment. On the 23 Ft tempts on sailing vessel EIFO that was developed by craft to the extent Hydrosail the lee foil was capable of that one tends to producing a lift of 7,000 Lbs to lee
Overall View of AUSV knots. This will provide higher speed forget about stability and an additional aspect of their other ben- View of AUSV Foil Arrangement stealth. The hydrofoils will also act as efits. The moth stabilizers in rough waters when the class has dabbled with the benefits of and a pull down force of 3,500 Lbs to vessel is “flat”. hydrofoils but is still sailing at about weather at her design speed of 35 Kts thus allowing the boat to sail close to It is often that marine engineers un- wind speed and still using crew twice wind speed. derestimate the sea keeping abilities weight for righting moment. The hy- of inverted “T” hydrofoils arranged in drofoils on the Moth have allowed the *********** such a wide triangular geometry on a reduction of wetted surface thus im-
IHS Second Quarter 2009 Page 9 SAILOR’S PAGE
WOTROCKET RE-BUILT 2008. Start time: 15:35:00.84; Fin- tidal variances experienced along the ish time: 15:35:20.06; Elapsed time: course. eanwhile, following our Third 19.22; Distance: 501m; Current: MQuarter 2008 Newsletter arti- 0.1kts; Average speed: 50.57kts; In exceeding 50 knots over 500m, the cle on the WotRocket sailing Venue: Luderitz, Namibia. Macquarie Speed Sailing Team have hydrofoil challenger for the World achieved the goal that they set for Speed Sailing Record, the craft cart- MACQUARIE INNOVATION themselves some 15 years ago. How- wheeled during its first official world ACHIEVES 50KNOTS PLUS ever they believe still higher perfor- speed record attempt in August last OVER 500M mance is possible from the boat. year on Botany Bay in Sydney, Aus- ustralia’s speed sailing craft tralia. The WSSR Council has already rati- AMacquarie Innovation achiev- fied an earlier World C class speed re- In an 18-20 knot westerly wind ed a significant milestone on 26 cord for Simon McKeon sailing WotRocket accelerated to an esti- March 2009 when it transited a 500m Macquarie Innovation on 19th De- mated 30 knots before the crew course at Sandy Point in Victoria, cember 2008. Corrected for current, found themselves flying blind, with co-pilot Joe De Jock unable to ease the wing sail and Sean Langman un- able to steer. Langman tried to bear away resulting in the craft pitch poll- ing. The damage was fairly substantial in- cluding a broken mast step, sus- pected delamination of the wing sail, broken fairing on the transverse beam, and damaged instrumentation. By late November the craft had been re-built and will return to the water in 2009 to chase the new official world speed record set by a kite surfer. KITE-BOARD OUTRIGHT SPEED SAILING RECORD Macquarie Innovation During the Record Breaking Run at Sandy RATIFIED Point, Australia. Photo by Steb Fisher n a previous Newsletter we re- Australia, at an average speed of an average speed of 48.14 knots was Iported Alexandre Caizergues of achieved over a 500m course also at France had provisionally set the 50.43 knots. In winds of only 24 knots, Macquarie Innovation Sandy Point. The Macquarie Speed new outright world speed sailing re- Sailing Team reports that this record cord of over 50 knots. This has now reached a maximum speed of 54.23 knots (100km/hr) and became the was achieved in only 17 knot of wind, been ratified by the WSSR Council as while speeds in excess of 51 knots follows: first sailing boat (ie: other than kiteboards) to complete an official were logged during the 20 second Record: Outright World Sailing 500m run in excess of 50 knots. This run. Speed Record. Board: Fone Proto- record remains subject to ratification This earlier record was achieved only type Speed; Kite: Fone Bandit Dos by the WSSR Council (www.sail days after the record Vestas Speed 7sq m. Name: Alexandre speedrecords.com) and is expected to Caizergues. FRA Dates: 4th October be corrected to 50.08 knots due to Continued on Next Page
Page 10 IHS Second Quarter 2009 MACQUARIE INNOVATION dent that the new concept would be than a sailboard rig. The asymmetric (Continued From Previous Page ) successful in taking out a new record. single element rig of YPE was devel- oped using the technology and design Sailrocket achieved for B class boats After setting the World Record, the concepts from Lindsay’s Little Amer- as reported in the previous newsletter. team decided to continue to push the ica’s Cup catamarans. After the suc- The previous record for the C class limits of speed sailing. A new craft, cess of this concept, a solid was also achieved by Simon McKeon Macquarie Innovation, was designed asymmetric wing was also designed with Yellow Pages Endeavour in for Macquarie In- 1993 at the same venue. novation.Itis here that the two Macquarie Innovation was designed boats differ most by Lindsay Cunningham and con- significantly. In structed in Melbourne, Australia. The order to increase team have been operating from Sandy the maximum Point, near Victoria’s Wilson’s Prom- available speed of ontory, which they consider to be the Macquarie Inno- best natural venue for speed sailing in vation, more the world. force was re- The team claims the performance quired out of the achieved by the boat represents not wing. This was achieved by alter- only the fastest speed ever recorded Macquarie Innovation Team by a sailing boat, but also the most ef- ing the standard ficient use of wind energy by any and built with the aim of being the section profile and drastically reduc- craft competing for the World Sailing first boat to break the 50 knot barrier. ing the aspect ratio of the rig com- pared to that on YPE. The rig is now Speed Record, capable of sustaining Based on the same concept as YPE, speeds in excess of three times that of has a span of approximately 7.5 m Macquarie Innovation is the culmina- and chord of 3.4m. the wind powering it. tion of all the design lessons learned Background - In October 1993, the from the earlier campaign as well as While it was recognized that there Australian Yellow Pages Endeavour some new ideas. The total concept has would be a loss in efficiency from the (YPE) team achieved a new outright been extensively tested both in com- low aspect ratio rig, this was easily World Sailing Speed Record at 46.52 puter simulations as well as in test fa- compensated for by the reduction in knots (86.52 km/h) over a 500m cilities at the Australian Maritime overturning moment which would al- course in only 19 - 20 knots of wind. College (AMC) in Tasmania. low for significantly more sail force before the craft would tip over. This This record stood for over 11 years Design before finally being regained by a force in turn would drive the boat windsurfer. The initial design con- The design philosophy behind YPE, faster. As a comparison, computer cept for YPE was brought to the team and now Macquarie Innovation,is simulations predicted that YPE had a by its designer, Lindsay Cunning- based upon the previous world record maximum speed of around 49 knots ham. At the time, the team was be- holders, sailboards. The sailboards in 19 knots of wind. In the same con- tween defences of the Little Amer- had been steadily increasing the ditions, Macquarie Innovation was ica’s Cup in International C Class world speed sailing record since the predicted to be capable of 58 knots. catamarans (the fastest course racing early 80’s, however Lindsay was con- The remainder of this article will ap- yachts in the world) and Lindsay’s vinced that a new craft, also based on pear in the next issue of the IHS proposal sparked the interest in mak- planing hulls, could go faster. Newsletter and will feature: Platform ing an attempt at the World Sailing design, and Foil design. Speed Record. At the time, the World Rig design Record was held by a French Lindsay’s assessment was that a solid sailboarder and Lindsay was confi- aerofoil rig would be more efficient *****************
IHS Second Quarter 2009 Page 11 WELCOME NEW MEMBERS into financing the addition of foils Captain Van Hook is a third genera- (Continued From Page 2) on an aluminum glass-bottom boat, tion naval officer. After graduation Discoverer. It proved successful, so with a Bachelor of Science degree ron in Key West. After filling that they rented a warehouse in Costa from Texas A&M University, he position from 1980-1982, Chris be- Mesa and began building the first joined the Navy and was commis- came the squadron’s Chief Staff Of- Albatross hydrofoil. sioned through Navy Officer Candi- ficer until 1984. Since retiring from date School in Newport, RI. In the the Navy in 1989, Chris has worked The Hull of Albatross was then Navy, Capt Van Hook had a broad for the Florida Department of Envi- taken to Long beach for comple- and varied career, serving afloat in ronmental Protection as an Emer- tion. Helmut and Bill took another various destroyers and frigates. In gency Response Manager dealing test drive from Long Beach to San his final job in the Navy he served as with hazardous material emergen- Diego before we added the wind- the Executive Director of the CNO cies and environmental crimes in- shield—a very wet ride in rough Executive Panel, a group of 32 civil- vestigations. seas when she would crash due to a ian leaders from government, in- large following swell—the down- dustry and academia that provide William S. Stewart - Bill was in fall of a fixed (surface-piercing) pro bono advice to the CNO. Capt. the Air Force from 9/46 to 9/49, and foil. Van Hook has a MS in Information became a radar technician at Keio Systems from the Naval Postgradu- U. in Tokyo. After discharge, he en- Bill and Ira Dowd made trips to the ate School and an MA in National tered Cal Tech to become an elec- Coast Guard in Washington D.C. to Security Strategy from the Naval tronics engineer, but was soon gain approval of the Albatross to War College. In his position with recalled to active Air Force duty carry passengers for hire, the first in Maersk Line Limited, Capt Van during the Korean War. On return the U.S. They were successful sub- Hook is focused upon ways that US home, he became a CPA,then later a ject only to actual sea trials in Long maritime services can leverage management consultant, with Price Beach with a capacity 30 persons, commercial best practices and inno- Waterhouse & Co. in L.A., CA. which was done with Ira Dowd, the press and several Coast Guard vation. His first commercial experience aboard. with boats came when he met Ira NEW BENEFIT Dowd. Ira informed him that he had CAPT. GORDAN EVANS VAN the Island Transportation Co. which HOOK, USN (RET) - Gordan Van IHS provides a free link operated two passenger ferries from Hook is currently with Maersk from the IHS website to members’ Newport Beach top Catalina Is- Line, Limited as their Senior Direc- personal and/or corporate site. To land. Suddenly, Bill was in the pas- tor for Innovation and Concept De- request your link, contact William senger boat business, responsible velopment, in their Arlington White, IHS Home Page Editor at for all financial and permitting mat- Virginia office. Recently retired [email protected] ters, and obtained the franchise to from the US Navy after 29 years, operate the Magic Isle from Long Beach to Catalina. IHS BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Then Helmut Kock (see article on 2006-2009 2007-2010 2008-2011 page 8) came along and talked them Mark R. Bebar Sumi Arima Joel Billingsley IHS OFFICERS 2008 - 2009 John Meyer President Dennis Clark John R. Meyer Captain Frank Horn Mark Bebar Vice President William Hockberger Joel Roberts John Monk
Frank Horn Treasurer George Jenkins William White Ken Spaulding Ken Spaulding Secretary
Page 12 IHS Second Quarter 2009 EXTRA FOR THE WEBSITE EDITION
HAYATE R/C MODEL TO RECEIVE THRUST REVERSER IHS continues via the BBS to fol- low Yoichi Takahashi's progress in con- structing his radio controlled model of HAYATE. His progress was last reported in the 3rd quarter 2008 NL. As recently as New Year's Day 2009, it seemed that HAYATE was ready to launch. The R/C controller was installed, and painting was complete.
However, Yoichi had a brainstorm for ratcheting the accuracy and sophisti- cation of his model up yet another big notch. He has now designed and will fab- ricate and install a split-style thrust re- verser similar to that on the real HAYATE, which is on static display at Upper Left: The real HAYATE thrust reverser. 3-D concept views of the version to the Kobe Maritime Museum. Yoichi be installed on the R/C model used 3DCGDesign software to produce the views of the thurster shown on this page. He will continue to update his progress on the IHS BBS.
Former Navy personnel assigned to the PHM hydrofoil missile boat pro- gram will be interested to view Yoichi's impressive PHM model on video. To find these videos, just go to YouTube.com and search for "gasturvin." Above Left:paint job nearing completion; Above right: painting complete IHS Bulletin Board (BBS) Left: The real The Newsletter comes out HAYATE on display at the four times a year, but the IHS BBS Kobe Maritime is always "up" for news reporting, Museum technical discussions, requests for help and more. The BBS is open to all. Just go to the IHS main page at www.foils.org and click the link to the BBS. Helpful hydrofoilers are encouraged visit the BBS regularly, review the latest postings, and share your news and knowledge. If you know the answer or can point to a person who does... please an- swer the posting accordingly.
IHS Second Quarter 2009 Page 13 The NEWSLETTER International Hydrofoil Society P. O. Box 51, Cabin John MD 20818 USA
Editor: John R. Meyer Third Quarter 2009 Sailing Editor: Martin Grimm ULTRA-LOW WAKE FERRY GETS SUSTAINING MEMBERS GREEN LIGHT
ll American Marine, Inc. (AAM) and Teknicraft Design, Ltd. have successfully made a proposal to Kitsap Transit to bring a Anew passenger ferry to Rich Passage. On Tuesday, April 21st, the commissioners of Kitsap Transit unanimously approved $5.3m for the purchase of a 77 ft ultra-low wake Teknicraft catamaran and on May 18th, All American Marine received the signed no- tice-to-proceed. The high speed passenger catamaran will carry 118 passengers and operate between Bremerton and Seattle, Washington at speeds of 29 to 38 knots. The new vessel technology is the culmination of ef- ______forts having taken YOUR 2009 IHS DUES ARE DUE place over the past five years and the stakeholders in- See Full Announcement on volved span the Page 2 globe. Kitsap Tran- Rendering of Foil Assisted Catamaran sit has been search- INSIDE THIS ISSUE ing for an economi - cally feasible solution to bring fast and environmentally safe passen- - President’s Column ------p. 2 ger only ferry service back to the Kitsap Peninsula since Washington - Welcome New Members ----p. 2 State Ferries was forced to terminate their service in 2003. Through a series of federally funded wake- wash studies, it became evident that - From the Board Room ----- p. 4 the wake signature of a hydrofoil-assisted Teknicraft Design catama- - Waterjets Get Boost ------p. 6 ran produced the least amount of wake wash energy within its tested vessel class. - The “Ushuaia Meteor”------p. 7 - Birth of the Albatross ------p. 7
See Low Wake Ferry, Page 3 - Sailor’s Page ------p. 10 WELCOME NEW MEMBERS PRESIDENT’S COLUMN Dr. William C. Sandberg – Dr Sandberg is a Senior Scientist at the To All IHS Members tation will be available on the IHS Science Applications International website. n my previous two columns, I Corporation in McLean, VAand is an Ipointed out the flurry of commer- Although the year 2009 started off Affiliate Research Professor at the cial hydrofoil activity Worldwide. with a flurry of new members; namely George Mason University. Foil-assisted catamarans appear to be 10 in the first 4 months of the year, it Prior to joining SAIC last year, he very attractive to the passenger fast has slowed down to a trickle. So all was a Supervisory Research Physi- ferry market. This is further shown by members are still asked to encourage cist and the Deputy Director of the the lead article in this issue of the colleagues to join. Newsletter in which Teknicraft’s de- Laboratory for Computational Phys- sign is predicted to have low I want to remind you that you can ics and Fluid Dynamics at the Naval wake/wash characteristics for use on view the Membership List by logging Research Laboratory, from the Seattle to Bremerton route. onto the IHS website with the proper 1987-2008, where he was responsible password. All IHS for developing new algorithms utiliz- IHS Members in the YOUR 2009 DUES ARE DUE members have been ing the newest parallel computing ar- Washington, DC IHS Membership options are: informed of this chitectures for a range of problems in area were fortunate US$20 for 1 year, $38 for 2 password. It is ad- computational physics and fluid dy- to be able to attend a years, and $54 for 3 years. Stu- visable for all to namics. Joint Meeting of the dent membership is still only check the informa - Prior to joining NRLhe had extensive IHS and the SNAME US$10. For payment of regular tion on the List. If it experience, from 1968-87, in ship SD-5 Panel on 22 membership dues by credit is incorrect, please and submarine design as a Hydrody- July. The presenta- card using PAYPAL, please go send changes to: namics Task Leader and also as the tion was “The Joint to the IHS Membership page Steve Chorney: Head of the Hydromechanics Tech- High Speed Vessel at
Page 2 IHS Third Quarter 2009 LOW WAKE FERRY Using composites will be a first for and controlled by GPS, automatically (Continued From Page 1) the company which has been build- making adjustments so the vessel will ing aluminum vessels for over 20 produce the lowest wake energy in the Kitsap Transit contracted with Pa- years. The latest composite technol- most sensitive coastal areas. The ad- cific International Engineering of ogy will be used to create high justable hydrofoil can also be manip- Edmonds, WAto spearhead the ongo- strength structures at a lower weight ulated intentionally to make minor ing research efforts in conjunction than that of an aluminum equivalent. adjustments to optimize speed with- with All American Marine and Composites also possess superior out increasing engine rpm or fuel con- Teknicraft Design to further enhance sound and insulation properties. sumption. The adjustable foil is and optimize the vessel’s design. AAM will outsource all composite highly beneficial for commuter ferry components initially. In conjunction Teknicraft Design principal naval ar- applications where the passenger load with Bellingham’s Marine Innova- chitect, Nic de Waal, of Auckland, may be heavier in one direction than tion Zone program, AAM and West- New Zealand worked with the other. ern Washington University will hydrodynamicists from the Univer- create the vessel’s adjustable hydro- sity of Iowa’s IIHR-Hydro- science foil system using composites. JBE in Golder Associates will supply a spe- and Engineering Research Center as Anacortes, Washington will provide cialized monitoring system for the well as naval architects from composite panels to be bonded to- hull and hydrofoil, providing detailed INSEAN in Rome, Italy to model an gether to form the passenger cabin performance data for continued re- ultra-low wake hull. Coastal special- and pilot house. search purposes. Additional green ists from Golder Associates of features are included in the vessel’s Redmond, WA also evaluated the All American Marine will fabricate propulsion system consisting of four proposed vessel’s performance in the Teknicraft Design aluminum cat- Caterpillar C18 ACERT engines, terms of wake generation and resis- amaran hull using 5383 Sealium alu- which will be fitted with specialized tance. The vessel optimization study minum alloy. Welded 5383 alloys are CleanAIR PERMIT filters to re- utilized Computational Fluid Dy- nearly 20% stronger than conven- duce harmful emissions by up to 99%. namics (CFD) techniques to help re- tional marine grade aluminum with fine the shape of the hull and similar plate thickness. Using stron- Noise pollution will be mitigated with hydrofoil to produce lower wake ger aluminum will require less mate- acoustic foam insulation and compos- heights with less wake energy. rial to be used, thereby decreasing ite sandwich decking material. The overall weight. Minimizing weight is cabin interior will be finished with re- a critical factor for controlling wake cyclable aluminum honeycomb wall “Our hydrofoil supported hull has wash height and energy. The copy- panels and recyclable aluminum ceil- been developed and refined over the righted hull design’s premise is to ing panels with acoustic insulation. last decade to become a leader in cat- create lift for the vessel by means of The finished vessel will be coated amaran technology,” stated de Waal. the hull shape and hydrofoil working with a low VOC paint system. Other “With the additional benefit of so- together to displace nearly one-half amenities include ADA-friendly phisticated and intensive CFD mod- of the vessel’s weight. The net result heads, comfortable Beurteaux seat- eling over recent periods, we now is reduced resistance, reduced fuel ing, and bicycle storage racks to en- have one of the most advanced and consumption, reduced wake, and in- courage as many commuters as environmentally friendly hulls in creased speed. possible. terms of the combination of low wake, high speed, and low fuel con- The new passenger ferry is scheduled sumption.” The vessel’s purchase price is reflec- to be completed and delivered by tive of the state-of-the-art onboard March 2010. Funding for the vessel technology, which will pay dividends construction, research, and initial Beginning in June, AAM will con- in terms of providing an eco-friendly demonstration run was in part secured struct the passenger ferry by combin- ferry service. Most noticeably, the through several federal grants and ap- ing an aluminum catamaran hull with hydrofoil system and wake mitigat- propriations. Senator Patty Murray a light weight composite cabin. ing interceptors will be adjustable and Congressman Norm Dicks both
IHS Third Quarter 2009 Page 3 sponsored bills to fund the project Current membership and financial 6%; Asia: 4%; and Other (including and look forward to Washington status of IHS were reviewed. We unknown): 12%. setting a new standard for environ- are solvent and our membership and mentally friendly passenger ferry fiscal balances are stable. Sale of Most of the members are aware of service. Compact Discs have increased over our membership survey database. last year. Readers are encouraged to utilize FROM THE BOARD ROOM this source to locate members with Highlights of advanced ship and like interests. very two months a meeting of craft activities in the industry the IHS Board of Directors is E worldwide were briefly reviewed Status of our task with High Caliber held at the Army-Navy Coun- Systems (HCS) to develop a histori with emphasis on the Littoral Com- - try Club in Arlington, VA, courtesy batant Ship (LCS) and foil assisted cal hydrofoil video for the IHS of George Jenkins. In order to keep catamaran developments. This cov- website was discussed. Progress has been slow due to change of per- sonnel at HCS.
RUSSIA’S GLASS BOTTOM BOAT
iving gives amazing impres- Dsions, but requires special equipment, long training and ideal health of the diver. Submarines L to R: J. Meyer, W. White, W. Hockberger, J. Monk, G. Jenkins, K. Spaulding, F. Horn, J. are great, but very expensive in use Billingsley Unable to Attend: S. Arima, M. Bebar, D. Clark, J. Roberts and it isn’t good idea for people hav- ing claustrophobia. Ordinary glass our members better informed the ers all AMV (advanced marine ve- bottom boats have narrow field of Board has resolved to provide a hicle) types, not only hydrofoils, view, because their bottom glasses brief synopsis of their activities in since they reflect the opportunities are flat and small. Besides, the speed the quarterly issues of the IHS potentially open to hydrofoil em- of such boats is very low. Because or- Newsletter. ployment. Moreover, their materi- dinary glass bottom boats are slow, als and subsystem technologies are most of excursion time is taken on the The Board met on Friday, 29 May basically the same. 2009. Most notable items at this way to and from underwater sight- meeting were the reporting of the Options for speaker at the July joint results of the annual election of 1/3 dinner meeting with the SNAME of the Directors for a three-year SD-5 Panel dinner meeting were term, and the subsequent annual discussed. These meetings have election of IHS officers. The fol- been well received and attended. lowing Board members for the Each meeting is reported in the fol- Class 2009-2012 were elected by lowing IHS Newsletter for those Hydrofoil LOOKER Underway the General Membership: Mark members unable to attend. Bebar, Dennis Clark, Bill seeing. Also they have short range Hockberger and George Jenkins. and often can’t reach really interest- The Board then re-elected current Usage of our website was reviewed. ing sites. officers for a one-year term: Presi- It was particularly interesting to dent, John Meyer; Vice-President, note the international nature of site Because the Looker is a hydrofoil and Mark Bebar; Treasurer, Frank users. By continent, the usage was has a good aerodynamic shape, she Horn, and Secretary, Ken as follows: North America: 47%; has a speed of from 20 to 40 knots at Spaulding. Europe: 31%; Oceana/Australia: Continued on Next Page
Page 4 IHS Third Quarter 2009 GLASS BOTTOM HYDROFOIL exceeded 19 million passengers. tors of 73.6% on services to Macau (Continued From Previous Page ) Traffic on the two routes operated and 75.2% on those from Macau were from Hong Kong’s Macau and China only 3.0% and 2.7% lower than the the customer’s option. Hydrofoils ferry terminals increased by 10.1% figures for 2007. have exceptional seaworthiness in compared with 2007, a year in which rough sea and give the highest level an increase of 17.5% was recorded. Load factors on the 300-420 seat cat- of comfort to passengers. amarans in 2008, were 48.8% on ser- The Hong Kong Marine Department vices to Macau and 58.9% on issues separate statistics for passen- services from Macau, were 6.3% and ger carryings on the two Hong 10.0% lower than in 2007. Kong-Macau routes and Air- port-Macau route but it combines fig- Quarterly Statistics ures for services operated from all The increase in catamaran services three terminals, so direct comparison operated during 2008 as Cotai Jet of vessel movements at the Macau progressively introduced a fleet of ten and China terminals is not possible. Austal 48m vessels between January However, figures released by the and October is illustrated in the quar- This Illustrates the Increased Macau government indicate that ap- terly statistics issued by the Hong Bottom Viewing Area proximately 69% of services were Kong Marine Department. The futuristic design of Looker at- operated to or from the Hong Kong These show a staggering increase in tracts stares; these glass bottom boats Macau terminal by either TurboJet or catamaran services of 44.4% in the are in the centre of attention in any Cotai Jet, 25% were operated to or third quarter and 48.3% in the fourth beach and marina. from the Hong Kong China terminal quarter compared with the corre- by New World First Ferry and 5% Looker boats have been already used sponding figures for 2007. There were operated to or from Hong Kong were falls in the number of Jetfoil ser- and made profit to the owners all over Airport by TurboJet. the world. Customers in- vices operated of 16.3% and 20.6%. clude: United Arab Emirates, Mal- Although New World First Ferry in- As the number of catamaran services dives, Madagascar, Palau (Micro- creased frequencies in 2008 and Tur- increased, so did passenger carryings nesia), Cabo San Lucas (Mexico), boJet operated more Airport-Macau but average load factors fell on both Barbados, Tortola (British Virgin Is- services, the vast majority of an catamarans and Jetfoils. lands), Egypt, Saint Kitts and Nevis, 11.3% increase in services were op- Referring to its first year of operation, Greece, and Canada. erated between the Hong Kong Cotai Jet has revealed that it carried Macau terminal and Macau. The 3.4 million passengers. The company ANNUAL HONG KONG-MACAU TRAFFIC principle reason was the appearance estimates that 70% of its traffic was EXCEEDS 18 MILLION PASSENGERS of a new operator, Cotai Jet, in Janu- generated by the opening of new ho- ary 2008. Even this does not fully ex- tels and casinos on Macau’s Cotai From Fast Ferry International, April plain the 28.8% increase in the Strip and the remaining 30% would 2009 number of services operated by cata- previously have traveled with Turbo- ore than 18 million passengers marans during the year though. A Jet or New World First Ferry. traveled between Hong Kong clue to another contributory factor is M TurboJet and Macau in a single year for given by the 12.1% reduction in num- ber of Jetfoil services operated, Tur- the first time in 2008. Figures re- A Shun Tak review of the perfor- leased by the Hong Kong Marine De- boJet obviously allocated catamarans to more of its services in 2008. mance of its TurboJet division in partment reveal that the number 2008 issued earlier is relatively exceeded 18.5 million. And if those The load factors achieved by the 240 downbeat. The company reports, “As traveling between Hong Kong Air- seat Jetfoils continued to be impres- a result of rising global oil prices, the port and Macau are included, the total sive however. The average load fac- Continued on Next Page
IHS Third Quarter 2009 Page 5 HONG KONG-MACAU TRAFFIC Service experience from the success- optimise the performance of the (Continued From Previous Page ) ful Kamewa SII series was combined complete pump unit and inlet duct to with advanced design techniques to claim a gain in propulsive efficiency fuel costs of the Group’s shipping op- create the more compact S3 waterjet, of 2 to 3 per cent over the SII series. eration surged year-on-year by ap- which, Rolls-Royce claims, offers a proximately 42%, causing the 25 per cent reduction in weight, as Kamewa S3 waterjets can be sup- division to record an operating loss of well as a 12 per cent smaller transom plied as steering and reversing units HK$150 million for 2008, as com- flange diameter. or as boosters with a fixed jet nozzle pared with an operating profit of giving ahead thrust only, and sys- HK$259 million for 2007. For most applications, an S3 model tems can be configured for multi-jet one size smaller than its predecessor installations or combinations of “Turbojet Airport routes continue to in the SII program will reportedly waterjets and CP propellers. Rolls- exhibit strong growth, registering a yield the same performance. Royce plans to introduce progres- 32% year-on-year increase in passen- sively a range of frame sizes, with ger volume. To cope with increasing Alternatively, retaining the same di- pump diameters extending from demand and offer better connectivity ameter of waterjet as before delivers 50cm to 2m and power ratings rang- with flight schedules, a 21% addi- a higher maximum speed or facili- ing from around 2,100kW for the tional capacity has been introduced. tates a larger payload at the same smallest S3-50 model up to 41MW original speed. Another option open for the largest S3-200 model. This is “The Group continues to be commit- to users as a result of the new waterjet currently the maximum rating for ted to expanding its inter-modal series is a reduction in installed high speed vessel propulsion. transportation platform, and is plan- power and lower fuel consumption at ning to launch a new service between the original speed. Nan Sha and Hong Kong Interna- Rolls-Royce has also undertaken a tional Airport, with the application major redesign of the A-series and pending for approval.” this has resulted in the introduction of the 56A3 waterjet which incorpo- WATERJETS GET EFFICIENCY BOOST rates the same mixed-flow pump technology as the S3 series. The new Extracted From Passenger Ship pump unit, which has all components Technology, April/May 2009 in stainless steel, is said to offer an by Doug Woodyard increase in propulsive efficiency of 2 to 3 per cent, or a rise of around 1 ne of the most significant knot in speed from the same power The Kamewa S3 Series Waterjet waterjet technology develop- input in a typical application. O from Rolls-Royce ments in the past year has been the introduction by Rolls-Royce of At the heart of the S3 waterjet is a its new stainless steel S3 series of mixed flow pump, located aft of the The 56A3 series waterjets can be waterjets. These are both more com- transom flange, the impeller of which supplied with the Rolls-Royce inter- pact and lighter than previous gener- represents a significant improvement ceptor trim system which bolts di- ation units and are also said to offer on the SII component. In particular, rectly to the waterjet, thereby significant savings in life-cycle Rolls-Royce points out that the cavi- facilitating retrofit work. The costs. In addition, the company’s tation margin has benefited from the waterjets and interceptors work to- smaller aluminium A-series of employment of advanced CFD tech- gether, the jets providing steering waterjet has benefited from a major niques, combined with extensive tun- while the interceptors control the redesign intended to achieve signifi- nel testing at the Rolls-Royce vessel’s trim and roll angle in turn- cant efficiency gains, while further Hydrodynamics Research Centre. ing, maximising the overall hydro- new products are lined up for launch dynamic efficiency. over coming months. A lengthy research and development process has allowed Rolls-Royce to Continued on Next Page
Page 6 IHS Third Quarter 2009 WATERJETS GET EFFICIENCY BOOST driving fast vessels and are most effi- the East Antarctic Peninsula until we (Continued From Previous Page ) cient at speeds of around 30 knots were icebound in the Weddell Sea! and upwards. They are light in An input power range up to around weight, simple to maintain and pro- The hull of this particular Meteor ap- 2,200kW is covered by the 56A3 vide excellent manoeuvrability.” pears to be resting in a hammock be- model. Other A3 sizes will be intro- tween two catamaran hulls that were duced over the coming months to Rolls-Royce has achieved consider- NOT at all foil-assisted. Having cover the power ranges of the exist- able success delivering waterjets for hydrofoiled on REALMeteors above ing A-28, 32, 36, 40, 45 and 50 mod- naval applications in the Middle the Volga River in Moscow, the Dnie- els. East, including a number of vessels per River in Kiev, and the Neva River on order at Abu Dhabi Ship Building in St. Petersburg, we turned down a Fast ferries ordered by Norwegian (ADSB), but this represents a break- ride at sea level aboard the “Ushuaia operator Fjord 1 will be the first pas- through in the regional passenger Meteor.” senger vessels to be driven by the ship sector. Rolls-Royce Kamewa 56A3 waterjets. These vessels are waterjets in service in the Arabian BIRTH OF THE ALBATROSS - AMER- currently under construction at the Gulf region will, following an agree- ICAS FIRST HYDROFOIL CERTIFIED TO domestic yard, Brodrene Aa. ment signed in August 2008, be CARRY PASSENGERS FOR HIRE maintained at a new Waterjet Service Rolls-Royce is also working on some Centre being established with ADSB By William S. Stewart, IHS Mem- interesting new developments. Its FF and which is due to be completed ber range caters for lower power applica- later this year.” tions and a new FF67 model, which much appreciate the historical work the IHS has done on hydro- will be ready for the market in late THE “USHUAIA METEOR” I 2009, will be the most powerful in foil boats. I think it is an important this particular range. While mainly By Martinn Mandles, IHS Member part of American history, and I hope targeting naval applications, the alu- IHS can keep it alive. I’d be happy to minum design is also said to be suit- very much enjoyed word and pic- contribute all my many articles, pub- able for fast ferries. tures that described some highly lications and other things I have col- Imodified (to say the least) Russian lected if you have a use for them. Rolls-Royce waterjets will power a Meteors in the Second Quarter 2009 fleet of new water taxis being intro- issue of the IHS Newsletter. I learned of the IHS duced in Dubai by the Road Trans- great web site just port Authority (RTA), to help recently when I was alleviate transport congestion. The told about it by first of ten catamaran-based vessels Steve Dowd, Ira being built by Damen in the Nether- Dowd’s son in lands is scheduled to carry out sea tri- Newport Beach, als in August 2009, and delivery of CA. On the site, I Bill Stewart these vessels is due to be completed found lots about by early 2010. Helmut, but nothing about Ira E. Dowd except two references in listed Each water taxi, capable of more Here is a photo of another one I took periodicals. I’m a little surprised that than 30 knots and able to carry 11 dockside in Ushuaia, Argentina (“the Helmut didn’t give Ira all the credit passengers, will be equipped with a southernmost city in the world”) pair of FF310 waterjets built by while my wife and I were waiting to Interested in hydrofoil history, Rolls-Royce in Kokkola, Finland. board our small cruise ship — but pioneers, photographs? Visit the According to Esa Uotinen, Rolls- certainly NOT this Meteor, or ANY history and photo gallery pages Royce regional manager, marine, Meteor — for an expedition across of the IHS website. “Waterjets are ideal for these taxis the Drake Channel, and then down http://www.foils.org because they are a practical way of
IHS Third Quarter 2009 Page 7 BIRTH OF THE ALBATROSS we all went to San Diego for the pated in the rescue of FDR’s presi- (Continued From Previous Page ) launching. The shipyard owner re- dential yacht which laid derelict on fused to launch until the job was paid the bottom of the Bridgetown, Barba- for the development in full, in case it didn’t work, so we dos careenage. That’s where I was of his hydrofoil here were delayed until I could get a wire when the Albatross patents were sold in Newport Beach by transfer made. While we waited, the to Wilson, but that is a whole other HYDRO-CAPITAL photo was taken of Helmut and me in story. The Potomac is now fully re- of which Ira was the front of Discoverer which is shown stored as when FDR sailed on her. Chief Executive, and I on the IHS website as a photo of the She is operated by the Port of Oak- was Treasurer. Ira Ira Dowd three of Discoverer. Luckily, for all, land, CA as a tourist attraction. and I ran the company the Discoverer flew beautifully, and that had a subsidiary, Island Trans- Albatross we took it to Newport Beach to make The Hull of was built in portation Company that operated two Costa Mesa, then taken to Long plans for a production model that be- passenger ferries to Catalina Island, came the Albatross. I and our bank beach for completion. The photo is 26 miles off the coast of Newport of an early test of the foils with me President and Loan Officer at Union Beach, CA. driving, Ira Dowd standing next to Bank were scuba divers, so we put me and Helmut sitting at the stern. One day, in mid- the Glass Bottom Discoverer to much use taking us to Catalina and other Helmut and I took another test drive 1961, Helmut Kock from Long Beach to San Diego be- walked into our of- places to scuba dive. The bankers were sufficiently impressed with the fore we added the windshield—a fices with a roll of very wet ride in rough seas when she performance of Discoverer, that they plans under his arm would crash due to a large following lent us the money to build the Alba- and stated that what swell—the downfall of a sur tross in Costa Mesa, near our New- - we needed was a face-piercing foil craft. hydrofoil boat to port Beach Offices. cut the transit time Ira Dowd and I made trips to the Helmut Kock As we ran into foil production prob- to Catalina in half, lems, Ira found another important Coast Guard in Washington D.C. to and he could build one. Helmut said gain approval of the Albatross to man in William R. Batley, Jr. of that the plans were of a German hy- carry passengers for hire - the first in Brawley, CA who helped us develop drofoil fleet, all of which the Nazis the U.S. We were successful subject the extrusion process and the weld- had scuttled when they saw they were ing techniques for the foils. Bill only to actual sea trials in Long going to lose the war. The plans, he Batley is in his 80s and doing very Beach with a capacity 30 persons on said, were smuggled out of Germany well and lives near San Diego now. board which was done with Ira to an agency in Chile which dealt in Dowd, the press and several Coast He and I have remained close friends spy-collected material for sale to the Guard aboard. They tried every ma and occasional business associates - highest bidder. Helmut said that be- Albatross since I first met him on the Albatross neuver to swamp the in cause of his work in the German ship- 10-foot seas, but the flared foil tips, project. Bill Batley and I also partici- yards before the war, he was which give greater lift, prevented her interested in the hydrofoil plans and from rolling over. made a copy for himself, which he brought to us. Ira and I liked the idea On completion of the Albatross, we and made a deal with Helmut to buy a tried her from Newport Beach to lightweight aluminum glass bottom Catalina Island and back. Going over boat, Discoverer, that was being used was great, but returning with a fol- in the tourist business in La Jolla near lowing sea caused many uncomfort- San Diego CA. We bought the boat able crashes. This could only be and set up Helmut in a small Tod avoided by taking across the swells Shaffer Shipyard in San Diego to put so as not to raise the stern so high as foils on her. When it was finished, ALBATROSS On Trial Continued on Next Page
Page 8 IHS Third Quarter 2009 BIRTH OF THE ALBATROSS ada and the West Indies before re- Holland, BV. It has operations in (Continued From Previous Page) turning home to California. Connecticut, Maryland, Florida, and Washington, the Netherlands, United to plow downward off the foils. We In my opinion, Ira E. Dowd was the Kingdom, and Australia. had to rule out that passenger route, most successful promoter of Hydro- and instead, used her along the lee foil use in the United States. I was his coast of Catalina Island quite success- Chief Financial Officer until he left The sale is in accordance with VT’s fully. California for the east coast, I opted strategy to grow its service-related to stay behind and get married, but business. Some 80 percent of VT’s We decided the only practical use for Ira kept me informed of all his and turnover is now generated by its ser- a surface-piercing foil craft was in the Helmut’s progress in the hydrofoil vice-related business and the Group still waters of the east coast harbors industry. Helmut the designer, and has announced its intention to sell its and inland waterways. So, we sold Ira the promoter, are truly the back- stake in the shipbuilding and naval the patent rights to Wilson Shipyard bone of the hydrofoil industry in support joint venture, BVT Surface of Wilmington, DE. When Wilson America. Fleet, later this year. determined that they couldn’t build the boat, Ira Dowd went east and NAIAD ACQUIRES VT MOTION moved the production to the Ludwig CONTROL GROUP NAIAD dynamics will continue to Honold Manufacturing Co. in serve each of these marine sectors, SA Naiad Maritime Group, Inc. Folcroft, PA where the remainder of and plans to expand. In addition to and VT Group plc (VT) an- the Albatross class boats were built. specializing in Underway and At Rest Unounced Naiad Maritime Ira Dowd then set up the passenger (zero speed) Stabilization and Ride Group’s completion of the acquisi- business from Manhattan to the 1964 Control solutions for displacement tion of the collection of businesses New York World Fair, with 14 Alba- and planning monohulls, the com- known as the VT Motion Control tross class boats logging over 50,000 pany will continue to apply its exper- Group, including Naiad Marine Sys- passenger miles that summer. tise to supply Ride Control Systems tems, Maritime Dynamics, Vosper for virtually all types of advanced When the World Fair was over, Ira Motion Control and Vosper Stabi- hull forms including Catamarans, Dowd used some of the same boats in lizers. The acquisition was led by Trimarans, SWATH vessels, SLICE a hydrofoil commuter business to and John Venables, former Group Presi- vessels, Submerged Foil vessels, Air from Manhattan in the name of Amer- dent of the VT Motion Control busi- Cushion vessels, and Surface Effect ican Hydrofoils Inc. of which he was nesses, with 27 years in various Ships (SES). President. That operation gained na- engineering and executive capacities tionwide publicity when, on their first at the companies. run, Ira rescued movie producer Sam- Asample of recent applications of the uel Goldwin, his wife and investment company’s Stabilization and Ride Venables will continue to lead the banker Robert Lehman from Control Systems includes: business as President & CEO of Na- Lehman’s disabled yacht in the Hud- - United States Navy 115m USS iad Maritime Group. Naiad Maritime son. That event gained 6 pages in the Freedom, Littoral Combat Ship, Ride Group, Inc. is comprised of Naiad July 26, 1963, issue of Life Magazine, Control System Dynamics US, Inc., Naiad Dynamics the last page of which shows Ira com- - Royal Navy of Oman 100m Ocean UK, Limited, and Naiad Dynamics ing up out of the water after falling Patrol Vessels (qty 3), Active Fin Sta- overboard while talking to the Coast bilizers Guard about the incident. That Disclaimer - Trinidad & Tobago Coast Guard high-end commuter service came to 90m Offshore Patrol Vessels (qty 3), IHS chooses articles and an end due to lack of financing. Active Fin Stabilizers photos for potential interest to IHS - Heesen Yachts 50m motoryacht members, but does not endorse Ira and Helmut went on to promote Man of Steel, Active Fin Stabilizers the use of Russian hydrofoils in Can- products or necessarily agree with the authors’ opinions or claims. with Stabilization at Anchor (zero speed) capability.
IHS Third Quarter 2009 Page 9 SAILOR’S PAGE
MACQUARIE INNOVATION The hull sizes for YPE were governed large overall dimensions of the craft. ACHIEVES 50 KNOTS PLUS by the need to ensure adequate buoy- They are asymmetric in profile with a OVER 500M ancy during the displacement phase total span of approx 270mm. At vari- while the width of the planing surface This is the second half of the article ous stages of development of the (1.2m) was set to ensure the most effi- appearing on the SAILORS PAGE craft, the trailing edge of each of the cient planing aspect ratio possible. in the Second Quarter 2009 NL. two planning hulls has been fitted with either three or four such foils. ------Macquarie Innovation was designed around the same principles as YPE. Platform design However, to go faster meant a wider and stronger platform was required to YPE he evolution of the platform handle the increase in performance began by ensuring that a signifi- from the new wing. Tcant righting moment was avail- able to counteract the heeling The load bearing components are moment from the sail force. This was constructed using high modulus achieved by placing the two crew- pre-preg unidirectional carbon fibre men in a streamlined pod more than and NOMEX cores. The crew pod Macquarie Innovation Supported 10 metres to windward of the sail. is constructed using lightweight ma- on Cradles While out of the Wa- rine plywood. This is ter. This Shows the Positioning of one of the safety fea- the Foils on each of the Pair of tures built into the de- Planning Pontoon. Photo via sign. In the event of an Macquarie Speed Sailing Team. accident, it was decided that it was safer to have The foils have been tested using both the crew thrown clear of computer simulation as well as flow the wreckage with mini- tank testing at the Australian Mari- mal impedance to their time College facilities in Tasmania. path out of the craft. The With such high design speeds and other option of the relatively large loads carried by the ‘safety cell’was consid- foils (each of the foils experiences Another view of Macquarie Innovation Speed ered to be too heavy and the equivalent of an average adult Sailing at Sandy Point on 26 March 2009. Photo cumbersome to be seri- male standing on the end of them), by Steb Fisher ously considered. the possibility of experiencing cavi- tation is real. The section profile is To complement this massive righting All aerofoil fairings are constructed designed to delay the onset of cavita- moment, good fore and aft stability using foam and heat shrink cloth. tion, thereby ensuring that control is was also required. In order to reduce This allows a very lightweight total maintained with minimum drag. Two windage and water drag, this fore and structure. The total weight of anti-ventilation “fences” are also fit- aft stability was achieved by setting Macquarie Innovation is slightly in ted on each foil to prevent the low two relatively short planing surfaces excess of 200 kilograms. pressure developed on the foils from approximately 11 metres apart. The dragging air down from the surface. angle of the crew pod support beam Foil design This article was prepared based on was set to balance the relative The foils that control Macquarie In- material generously provided by the amounts of downforce on the fore novation and provide the hydrody- Macquarie Speed Sailing Team, in- and aft hulls. namic side force to counteract the sail cluding extracts from their website. force are tiny by comparison to the
Page 10 IHS Third Quarter 2009 CURVED DAGGERBOARDS allow “partial hydrofoiling”. David tion of using curved foils in that this FOR A-CLASS CATAMARANS also reported that at present, the US configuration still allows the skipper interpretation of the rules does not to vary the foil area according to the Contributed by David A. Carlson permit “hydrofoiling” to the extent conditions. When the dagger boards (IHS Member) that the daggerboard could lift the are half-retracted, they remain effi- hull clear of the water however it does cient for side force generation with- In November last year, Dave Carlson appear to allow “lifting a bit” due to out the wetted area penalty of any sent your editor a message and image any upthrust generated by inclined horizontal daggerboard portion in reporting on European development daggerboards. conditions when the boat would in of curved dagger- boards for compe- Dave feels that in the USA there is any case be unable to fly. concern that if true hydrofoiling were tition A-class racing catamarans, ntergalactics and Midwinter to be permitted then the existing I rather than the conventional straight Championships, Islamorada, Jan. A-class fleet would become obsolete, daggerboards. 2009, Florida Keys & Uni-rig A-C just as happened with the Interna- class North American Champion tional Moths when hydrofoils were - ships, Fort Walton Beach, Florida, permitted on that class. However, de- update by David A. Carlson, May velopment marched onward anyway. 2009 Upon examination, the curved daggerboards developed by Scheurer Design and Engineering are designed I recently participated in three events that included uni-rig modern A-cats Curved Daggerboard Illustrated to just fit within the rules which con- strain maximum craft beam to no which are high performance catama- on a Section of A-class Catamaran rans that weigh 165 pounds (75 kg) Hull. The Daggerboard Curves more than 2.3m (7.5ft) and require a minimum separation between under- all up, are 18 feet long, and almost to- Inwards Towards the Centerline tally carbon fiber. Three of these were of the Boat. water appendages (daggerboards) of at least 1.5m. Their design allows Marstroms with curved asymmetric foils. Goran Marstrom brought these The box rule for the A-class is them to be in any retracted position and still meet these rules. However to Islamorada in the Florida Keys for “open”, essentially defining a maxi- two multi-day January events, the mum sail area, weight, length and given that the hulls would be about 0.25m beam each, and since the Intergalactics followed immediately beam, however there are also con- by the Midwinter Champion- straints on the arrangement of the daggerboards emerge from the centreline of the hull, the maximum ships. Goran sailed one, and finished daggerboards including a stifling generally in the upper middle of the U.S. requirement that “Hydrofoils are horizontal projected span of these curved daggerboard is limited to only fleet in lighter air, where I saw him not permitted” (though it is not sailing downwind with both boards clearly defined what is meant by “hy- around 0.275m. With the catamaran in an upright position, the upthrust up. However, on the second day there drofoils”). For more details, the April was a fresh breeze, and Goran took 2007 issue of these rules is available would therefore be only of the order of 6% of total normal force on the two second places against top compe- at: tition. John Schiefer sailed another, http:/www.a-cat.org.au/PDFs4downl daggerboard. However clearly, as the craft heels significantly in higher and said that the curved boards gave oad/ISAF%20INTERNATIONAL% the boat a “much lighter feel and 20A%20CLASS%20RULES.pdf wind speeds, the curved daggerboard will have a more marked potential to seemed to come alive”. On my first Dave has noted that A-class catama- produce worthwhile upthrust thus inspection, these boards were seen to ran designers had previously experi- lifting the downwind hull to reduce have asymmetric profiles, so there is mented with straight dagger boards its drag. Herein lies the crux of the an apparent lifting capability, particu- initially canted outwards for better ef- matter! larly when heeled over. ficiency to weather, then canted in- [Editor’s Note: The remainder of this wards on more recent designs, to In feedback to David, Tom Speer has also noted a further potential attrac- article will appear in the next NL.]
IHS Third Quarter 2009 Page 11 WELCOME NEW MEMBERS FOILJET MR1 HYDROFOIL: THE To cope with shallow water the (Continued From Page 2) MOTOCROSS BIKE FOR WATER beams can be raised at the flick of a switch. The electric motor runs off a ming, the design of novel unmanned [Ed Note: Barney Black, IHS Life 48V battery that should see three air and underwater vehicles, and the Member, found this internet item hours of full load running with theo- unsteady hydrodynamics and aerody- that we both thought would inter- retically a 10 min recharge time. est our readers.] namics of submarine and ship flows. Matt De Bellefeuille & Robert William S. Stewart - Bill was in the he Foiljet MR1 is a new personal Vandenham have come up with an Air Force from September 1946 to Twatercraft concept that takes the original concept design that most def- September 1949, becoming a radar best features of a motocross bike initely deserves to reach the proto- technician at Keio U. in Tokyo, Japan. and jetski, throws in two hydrofoils type stage. He went over by troop ship to Oki- plus a silent, energy efficient electric motor to create what would have to The designers have selected a nawa and Manila, and returned home T-shaped fully submerged foil system by troop ship from Guam. After dis- be a surefire recipe for outrageous fun. The design looks something like which, while not affected by surface charge, he entered Cal Tech to be- waves is not self stabilizing, so it come an electronics engineer, but was a motocross bike, but instead of wheels there are beams (struts) with needs constant adjustment of the an- soon recalled to active Air Force duty gle of attack of the front foil to keep during the Korean War, spending all small hydrofoils mounted at the ends that can be raised or lowered. The the craft level with the surface. Front his overseas time in Casablanca, Mo- foil angle adjustment on the Foiljet rocco. concept would use a 15 kW (20 hp) electric motor housed at the end of MR1 is made manually by what the rear beam with its instant electric would conventionally be the clutch On return home, he received an ac- torque lifting the craft out of the wa- lever on a motorcycle. In larger appli- counting education and became a ter to become “foil borne”. cations this sea-keeping function is CPA, then later a management con- automated with a computer system sultant, with Price Waterhouse & Co. that measure either surface height or in L.A., CA. As a hospital business pitch and roll to make constant fine expert, he was sent to Newport Beach, adjustments to the front foil. CA to fix some problems at Hoag Hydrofoils produce relatively no Hospital there. Living on Newport wake and electric propulsion is near Harbor, he bought a Lehman 14’ sail silent, so if the Foiljet MR1 makes it boat, and developed a love for the sea into production it may allow current crewing in races on Stars, Rhodes, laws against jetski’s on inland water other sloops, and a schooner, and was ways to be relaxed around residential in several Ensenada races. See article Foiljet MR1 Concept areas. about ALBATROSS on page 7 for ad- ditional information about Bill Stew- art. IHS BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2007-2010 2008-2011 2009-2012
Sumi Arima Joel Billingsley Mark Bebar IHS OFFICERS 2009 - 2010 John Meyer President John R. Meyer Captain Frank Horn Dennis Clark Mark Bebar Vice President Joel Roberts John Monk William Hockberger
Frank Horn Treasurer William White Ken Spaulding George Jenkins Ken Spaulding Secretary
Page 12 IHS Third Quarter 2009 The NEWS LETTER International Hydrofoil Society PO Box 51 - Cabin John MD 20818 - USA
Editor: John Meyer Fourth Quarter 2009 Sailing Editor: Martin Grimm SUSTAINING MEMBERS IF WE HAD PHMS TODAY…… By Captain Frank Horn, USN (Ret); IHS Member
t the IHS 25th Anniversary Celebration and Conference, held on June 14, 1995, Admiral Zumwalt presented the keynote ad- Adress. In part, he said: “With regard to the hydrofoil program, the original plan was to procure 35 PHMs.....only six were built in the formal pro- gram. Our concept was to achieve a small, high performance, small radar cross-section, high-speed, all-weather capability with suffi- cient armament to deal with likely threats. Our planned use was to achieve presence in the smaller seas, i.e., Adriatic, Aegean, Gulf of Sidra, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea, Pacific Rim areas, the Baltic and Black Sea. This would permit our larger ships to avoid risk ______by laying back until coming in for wartime operations at the ready. It was capability that would have been particularly useful against re- YOUR 2010 IHS DUES ARE DUE gional threats. The PHM was born in 1970 and died in 1992. See Full Announcement on Page 2 The future threats that we face are many fold; the INSIDE THIS ISSUE PRC, Bosnian-type oper- ations, North Korea, - President’s Column p. 2 Syria, Libya, Iraq, and Iran as the center of a - Welcome New Members p. 2 bloc of fundamentalist - Rodriquez Update p. 4 religiously fanatic na- tions. Readiness to deal - FRESH-1 p. 5 with these threats makes - ARIES Museum Update p. 8 PHM-3 Operating in the Caribbean in hydrofoil craft of modern the 1980s - Honorary Life Member p. 9 See PHMS TODAY, Page 3 - Sailor’s Page p. 10 WELCOME NEW MEMBERS
PRESIDENT’S COLUMN PETRI FLANDER –
To All IHS Members Petri is a Mechanical Engi- So all members are still asked to en- neering/Aircraft design student in e are pleased to announce that courage colleagues to join. Please his third year at Helsinki Polytech- the IHS Board of Directors has make them aware of the IHS website nic. He is also studying Mechanical Wselected Alain Thebault for an and the features regarding member- Engineering, and Machine Design. award of Honorary Life Member of ship. He hopes to obtain a position in the Society. Please see a copy of the I want to remind you that you can Aerospace or Marine Engineering. award citation on page 9. Also Mar- view the Membership List by log- Petri is interested in recreational tin Grimm has provided an excellent ging onto the IHS website and put in foil-assisted multi- hulls, like article on the record breaking hydro- the proper password. All IHS mem- CATRI concept by Aldis Eglajs. foil sailboat, l’Hydroptere. Alain bers have been informed of this pass- Also, he feels that foil-assisted, Thebault and his team achieved an word. If you have been missed, “cruiser-racer” power multi-hulls outright world speed sailing record please contact the webmaster seem to have some very interesting of 51.36 knots over a possibilities. YOUR 2010 DUES ARE DUE (webmaster@foils. 500 meter run; see org). Please check page 10. IHS Membership options are: CAPT. ROBERT W. US$20 for 1 year, $38 for 2 the information on KESTELOOT, USN (RET) – IHS has been invited years, and $54 for 3 years. Stu- the List. If it is in- to set up a booth/ta- dent membership is still only correct, please send Bob Kesteloot is President and ble at the ASNE US$10. For payment of regular changes to: Steve owner of a consulting company High Performance membership dues by credit Chorney: schorney dealing in a wide range of maritime Marine Vehicles card using PAYPAL, please go @comcast.net matters, but especially in the shift- Symposium, 9-10 to the IHS Membership page ing of ground transportation from During this past congested highways, e.g. I-95, to November 2009 at at
Page 2 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 PHMS TODAY...... likely threats may need to be en- Modifications of the PHMS foil and (Continued From Page 1) larged to include those areas of politi- propulsion systems result in im- cal unrest in South America and the proved hydrodynamic and propul- design ideal as the low end of a mod- Caribbean. PHMS could provide sive efficiencies, and in addition, ern high-low mix. that presence. result in an extremely low wake sig- nature in the foilborne mode. The commercial development of It would be very fruitful for the Navy high-speed craft is serving to reduce to have industry take a look at what For example, Anti-Surface Warfare the costs of military craft. In this day an improved “PHM” would look like could be enhanced considerably by of threats, we would be much better in light of current technology. An ex- a HYBRID HYDROFOIL with off if we had PHMS in our force. I ample of this could be a Bi-Foil ar- greater range, endurance and mili- give tribute to the progenitors of the rangement with propeller propulsion, tary payload. This would allow the hydrofoil and other fast combat craft or a hybrid hullform such as the Hy- ships to deploy for longer periods and urge you all to hang in there.” drofoil Small Waterplane Area Ship before returning to base, and at the (HYSWAS) concept, similar to that same time, more effectively utilize Since 1995, when Admiral Zum- explored in the 1990s shown here. their high-speed capabilities. walt made these remarks, “readiness Reference: “Hybrid Hydrofoil – A to deal with these threats makes hy- Concept Whose Time Has Come”, by Range improvement of the HY- drofoil craft of modern design ideal John R. Meyer, Jr. presented at the BRID HYDROFOILwould provide as the low end of a modern high-low Intersociety Advanced Marine Vehi- the capability for world-wide de- mix”, seems even more appropriate cles Conference, Washington, D.C., ployment without the necessity of today. This becomes even more evi- June 1989. being towed or refueled from other dent in view of the advancements ships. Also, when operating with that have been made in a variety of the Fleet, de- technical areas such as control sys- pendence on sup- tems, navigational equipment, pro- port ships for fuel pulsion systems, structural analysis, would be materials (including composites) stretched by a and manufacturing capabilities. Ap- factor of about plication of this array of technology three. During in- would result in an even more capa- dependent opera- ble PHM in terms of greater range tions, one and higher payloads resulting in en- HYBRID HY- hanced mission capabilities. DROFOIL could act as tanker for For instance, recent events in the other conven- Arabian Sea have made it apparent tional patrol that a high speed, high sea state ca- A Hybrid Hydrofoil Concept Version of PHM craft, thereby pable ship would be particularly giving all craft in useful against the PIRATE threats The HYBRID HYDROFOIL con- the group consid- plaguing the region. Their useful- cept described in the above paper erably more range and staying ness to the Task Force already de- builds upon the PHM experience. power. ployed in the area seems The concept’s features provide self-evident. In addition US Navy A HYBRID HYDROFOIL would greater flexibility not only for the de- ships have been threatened by have the option to trade off some of signer, but more importantly, the op- 50-foot gun boats. PHMS could pro- the relatively large fuel load for ad- erator. vide protection or escort duty to ditional weapons and combat equip- keep our large ships out of harms way. Admiral Zumwalt’s list of Continued on Page 12
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 3 IMPROVED DESIGN FOR SEAKEEPING: larly in the fast ferries and mega der from the yacht and mega yacht di- SPECIFICATION ORIENTED DEVELOP- yacht sectors, by insufficient mar- vision. MENTS UPDATE gins to absorb the direct costs of pro- duction and fixed overheads.” “As a consequence of a significant By William Buckley, IHS Member Immsi’s 2008 annual report contin- increase in production, the Rod- ues, “Margins, especially on the riquez group has significantly re- n the Third Quarter, 2007 issue of Oman order at the fast ferries divi- duced its operational loss, from a net the IHS News Letter I presented sion, suffered from negative varia- consolidated loss of €7.6 million in Ithe subject abstract. I am happy to tions in estimates in relation to the 2007 to € 2, 4 million in 2008.” report that the complete paper is now technical problems of building the published in the April 2009 issue of Turning to the fully submerged hy- catamarans and additional costs sus- SNAME’s Marine Technology. I drofoils and AliSwath, Immsi says, tained in the period between the de- would be happy to receive any com- “Rodriquez continued the develop- livery of the first boat and production ments our members may have regard- ment started in previous years of two of the other four vessels. ing it. important research projects that both utilize financing from the At the present time I am working on a Ministry of University and second paper that is really a continua- Research. tion of the first one. This one ad- “Regarding the hydrofoils, dresses the “nuts and bolts” of a First in October 2008 there was a Principles Methodology (FPM) ap- final inspection by the spon- proach to seakeeping design with sor and the bank. During the particular attention to “advanced visit the progress of the pro- concept” vessels. ject was demonstrated. The project has an overall value UPDATE ON RODRIQUEZ RESEARCH of some €30 million. The AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS company has made a formal commitment to conclude sea (From Fast Ferry International, June Rodriquez T-Foil Hullborne trials with costs to its own ac- 2009) “In the yacht division, Conam signif- count. mmsi, the parent company of icantly reduced its contribution to “Regarding the AliSwath project, in Rodriquez Cantieri Navali, has re- the group due to significantly lower October 2008 there was also a final Iported, “In 2008, due to orders ac- than expected margins on construc- inspection by the sponsor and the quired mainly in the military sector, tion, delays in customers signing bank. The project has an overall cost RCN recorded a significant increase contracts, the suspension of produc- of €20 million The company has in net revenues compared to the previ- tion activities in the last part of the made a formal commitment to con- ous year of around 8.5%, reaching year as a result of the crunch in the clude the construction of the proto- €161.3 million from €148.7 million.” world market for yachts and the on- type and carry out sea trials with Revenue at the fast ferry division ac- going lack of sales contracts. costs to its own account.” counted for € 26.9 million (2007: €50 Rodriquez has also been working on million) from construction of five 52 “At the end of 2008, the overall order another R&D project that received metre catamarans for the Sultanate of book [for Rodriquez Cantieri Ministry of Transport financing in Oman and research and development Navali] stood at around €284 mil- October 2007. According to Immsi, related to the construction of two lion, of which about €252 was con- “The Wavepax’ is a `wave piercing’ fully submerged hydrofoils and an tributed by the military division; type High Speed Craft for the trans- AliSwath [passenger/car ferry]. €16.7 million from the fast ferries di- port of passengers and cars. The pro- However, Immsi says, “Production vision, mainly the order from the ject includes a grant for activities has still been characterized, particu- Sultanate of Oman; and the remain- begun in 2005 and ended in 2008.”
Page 4 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 ALISWATH UPDATE converted into a houseboat in the moved and the interior was refitted Netherlands. with a living room in the bow saloon; By Lorenzo Bonasera, IHS Member a master bedroom, two other bed- The hydrofoil was built in 1975 and rooms, a storeroom, an office, a toi- arrived in the Netherlands 23 years hown here is a picture taken in let/shower, a galley and a laundry later. After being re-engined, the Messina showing the AliSwath room in the midships section; another S Meteor was operated by Jan Verkerk under construction. Compared living room in the aft saloon; and a with previous images, this shows that central heating system throughout the progress has been carried out very vessel. slowly. I do not know if the reason is due to financial/budget or to techni- Earlier this year, the Meteor was cal problems, but it seems still very moored in the Arnhem area and was far from the final assembly of hull being offered for sale for €140,000. and the lower body with foils. According to the broker, the refur- bishment was 85% complete and the owner, “a keen seller”, was prepared to leave some furniture on board. The The Meteor’s Newly Refurbished Bow Saloon HISTORIC NAVY HYDROFOIL AWAITS A FINAL HOME
[Adapted from a front-page newspa- per article in the Kitsap (Washing- ton) Sun on July 14, 2009; Courtesy of IHS Member Bruce Bryant.] AliSwath Under Construction t was the fastest hydrofoil in the MORE ROLES FOR METEORS world. But now, FRESH-1 (for I“Foil Research Experimental Ship From Fast Ferry International, Hydrofoil-1,” and there were no oth- July-August 2009 The Refurbished Aft Saloon ers) is corroding in obscurity in ecently a number of Meteor hy- Bremerton, Washington. Ship Charters as Meteoor and later, in drofoils have been refitted for Germany, by Heinrich Hell In 1963, the Advanced Marine Sys- Rnew roles. Activity has not been Schiffahrt as Rheinblitz. tems Division of The Boeing Com- limited to the former Soviet territo- pany built this state-of-the-art ries however, one Meteor has been The Meteor subsequently returned to hydrofoil research vessel for the the Netherlands, the engines were re- Navy at a cost of about $2 million. It looked like a space capsule attached to two huge pontoons.
An unusual catamaran design with an interesting story, it has been wast- ing away for decades. Even if it is historically worth saving, a restora- tion is getting more expensive by the day. And owner Dave Symington, who himself turned 91 years young The Meteor Operating in the Netherlands in 1998 Continued on Next Page
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 5 HISTORIC NAVY HYDROFOIL AWAITS It sat for many years in a shed at what’s left of the jet engine is there as A FINAL HOME Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. In well.” (Continued From Previous Page ) 1982, the Navy put FRESH-1 up for auction. this month, has many other interests demanding his time. The then Mayor of Bremerton, Gene Nelson, envisioned it as a tourist at- FRESH-1’s heyday was short but cap- traction in Bremerton in the early tivating. On July 18, 1963, a Pratt & 1980s. Then Nelson, at the urging of Whitney turbojet engine similar to Central Kitsap developer Joe Mentor, those that powered the 707s and asked the Navy to donate or loan the B-52s of that era rocketed the 59-foot, craft to the city as a tourist attraction. 17-ton catamaran to the then and now Mentor told the Bremerton Sun that world’s hydrofoil speed record of the FRESH-1 “would be no replace- FRESH-1 “Aground” Near 98.7 mph on Puget Sound. ment for the battleship USS Missouri Seattle when it leaves next summer (to be re- activated), but it would show that this Needless to say that any sugges- area is in the forefront of hydrofoil tions or offers to “Save the Ship” development." would be greatly appreciated by the many “Friends of FRESH-1,” and But they were too late. The auction International Hydrofoil Society.. had already been advertised and bids were coming in. Sam Kleinman, a [Editor’s Note: In a recent telephone Los Angeles surplus dealer, was the call with Dave Symington, Sumi top bidder at $12,900. Kleinman, Arima reports: The Museum Of His- who dealt mainly with surplus medi- tory And Industry (MOHAI) Seattle The Boeing-Built FRESH-1 in cal equipment, planned to resell the has reconsidered accepting the “Flight” on Puget Sound hydrofoil, but couldn’t find a buyer. FRESH-1. Sumi further writes: “The He made a deal with Nelson to allow figure 96.7 mph seems excessive. I Later that day, while cruising at close it to be displayed near the battleship was in the chase boat when it flipped to 80 mph, it flipped over no thanks to until it could be sold. with Boeing’s Program Manager Al an onboard computer glitch off Kennedy. The figure I heard was 72 VashonIsland. The three person crew Soon after, Dave Symington, a Seat- knots which is about 80 mph. We had swam through the broken windshield tle businessman who developed the a telemetry established with a data as water rushed into the small cabin,. Lake Symington housing area in van parked on Vashon Island record- They were taken to the hospital, but Central Kitsap County across Puget ing the pertinent data. The FRESH-1 soon released. Sound from Seattle, bought was on Builder’s Trials at the time of FRESH-1 as a historical artifact hop- the turn over. Verne Salisbury was ing to preserve the craft for future the Boeing Pilot, Pete Sias was the The aluminum craft was refurbished generations to observe and admire. for about $500,000, completed its tri- Navy’s Program Manager and ob- als and was accepted by the Navy. server in the co-pilot seat. Bob Hub- Possibly influenced by the accident, “Anything that wasn’t removed from bard, an ACS engineer was in the the Navy shifted its focus to designing the FRESH-1 before it was auctioned instrumentation seat. Pete suffered a reliable 50-knot vessels and stopped has been stripped by kids and van- nerve cut in his chin and was numb pursuing 100-knot hydrofoils. dals,” said Symington, “but the craft from then on. I was next in line to ob- FRESH-1 saw little action after that looks much like it did nearly 50 years serve the ship’s operation for the and was put in mothballs, though les- ago. The hull and cabin are intact Builder’s trials.”] sons learned helped with future hy- with the words ‘U.S. Navy Bureau of drofoils. Ships’ still painted on the side. And
Page 6 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 HAYATE RC MODEL UPDATE play at the Kobe Maritime Museum. HIGH POINT REUNION Yoichi used 3DCGDesign software By Terry Orme, IHS Member [Editor’s Note: The text and pictures to produce the views of the thruster shown on this page. He will continue were previously published in the e had a pretty good turn out for to update his progress on the IHS electronic copy of the IHS Newslet- the High Point Reunion on BBS. ter. In the interest of those members WJune 20. Here is a photo with who only see the printed hard copy, I some of the attendees. have reproduced this interesting Former Navy personnel assigned to item.] the PHM hydrofoil missile boat pro- HS continues via the BBS to fol- gram will be interested to view low Yoichi Takahashi’s progress in Yoichi’s impressive PHM model on Iconstructing his radio-controlled video. To find these videos, just go to model of a hybrid hydrofoil, called YouTube.com and search for HAYATE. His progress was last re- “gasturvin.” ported in the 3rd quarter 2008 NL. As recently as New Year’s Day 2009, it ********** seemed that HAYATE was ready to launch. The R© controller was in- stalled, and painting was complete. Left to right: Jeff White and wife Mavis - Vice President of Volunteer Group. Fred Nachbar and wife May - Served on HIGH POINTfrom Mar 75 - Oct 77. Later served as Chief Engi- neer from Jun 83 - Jan 85. Myron Lamoree & wife - Boeing Maintenance and Mechanical Ser- vice. Mitch Berdinka & wife - Served on PLAINVIEW May 72 - May 75. First as Assist. Engineer, Later as Chief Engineer. Not shown is Dick Merritt and wife – He helped make original bid for con- struction of HIGH POINT at Tacoma Boat. Worked on Mod. 1 at Puget Sound.
[Editor's Note: Dick Merritt (IHS Several Views of Yoichi’s Beautiful Model Member) wrote: “My wife, Joan, and I attended the High Point Reunion on However, Yoichihad a brainstorm for June 20 in Shelton, WA. Myron ratcheting the accuracy and sophisti- Disclaimer Lamoree and I were the only Boeing cation of his model up yet another big people there. It was great to meet notch. He has now designed and will IHS chooses articles and photos for potential interest to IHS some of the Navy personnel from the fabricate and install a split-style members, but does not endorse High Point and even the skipper of thrust reverser similar to that on the products or necessarily agree with the Plainview. We hope that this will real HAYATE, which is on static dis- the authors’ opinions or claims. be done again.”]
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 7 HYDROSAIL UPDATE then explains flight characteristics Bob and Bill Meinhardt outfitted her such as stability, control, lift, drag, with a Johnson 25 hp outboard and By Tom Hamon, IHS Member cavitation, and ventilation. Foil con- we tested her out on Thomas Hill figurations, weight and balance, fly- lake. There is no front foil mechanism om has provided an update of his ing height, and roll management are to control foil depth, instead the in- company and the people in covered as are calculations of stress, verted V acts as a surface piercing foil THydrosail. There are 3 of us Sam hull configuration, and foil sizing. while the aft foil is fully submerged. , myself, and Mike Mcgarry. We are There was no trouble getting up on all on HydroSail email. At present the foils, but we found the craft a little we are involved with Harbor Wing unstable at speed. We believe some Hawaii and they sent an article about tweaking will significantly help and their project that I helped write a plan on that on our next test run. month or so ago. We are looking at new projects for the future but have This brings our hydrofoil fleet to 7 not decided on any others at present. The Rave hydrofoil, that was de- signed by us, was sold to a company in Minnesota and they are trying to get it back in production, hopefully soon. TOM LANG’S BOOK
om Lang recently wrote: I now have a publisher (WordClay) and Recently Acquired Hy-Foil Ta website (http://tglang.com/). So Ray demonstrates methods for com- vessels including the Aries, 1 re- far, the website is a simple startup that paring designs, and explores specific stored Dynafoil, 2 un-restored includes a page that describes my the- design ideas for motorized, human Dynafoils, a Waterspyder, President sis entitled: “A Generalized Engi- powered, and sail powered hydro- Nixon’s Volga, and 1 Hy-Foil. We neering Design Procedure”. The foils. Piloting and troubleshooting have flown all but the two un-restored website offers a 300-page paperback are followed by an extensive bibliog- Dynafoils and the Aries. The Aries is book version for $34.95, and another raphy and index. There are over 270 capable of traveling hullborne. page showing photos of my 1950’s illustrations, charts, and tables on the hydrofoil boats that includes a link to subject of creating hydrofoil boats. my article on these hydrofoil boats at I want to call out to all the members of the IHS and plead for help in develop- the IHS website. USS ARIES HYDROFOIL MUSEUM ing a business plan, and helping us NEW HYDROFOIL BOOK BY RAY find a new home. We are approaching VELLINGA By Eliot James, IHS Member another winter and desperately need to have the ship and the entire mu- hile work on the Aries has seum moved south out of the dangers ay Vellinga, IHS Member, has slowed to a standstill until we released his book “Hydrofoils: W of Missouri winters. R find a new home for the mu- Design, Build, Fly” on ama- seum, we have been busy adding to zon.com, published by Peacock Hill our museum exhibits and have added We are willing to do whatever we Publishing, Gig Harbor, WA. This a new hydrofoil to the fleet, a need to move ahead and establish a 250-page book addresses the chal- Hy-Foil. This hydrofoil was built in national hydrofoil museum. We have lenge of how to design, build, and fly 1968 in England. We have not seen the technical ability; we lack the ad- hydrofoil boats. It begins with the others like her, but that is not unusual ministrative and philanthropic talent history and theory of hydrofoils, in the small world of hydrofoils. to move the idea forward.
Page 8 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 HYDROFOIL SKIER NEW HONORARY LIFE MEMBER
Contributed by Ken Spaulding, IHS From time to time, the International Hydrofoil Society Board of Direc- Member tors selects fellow Hydrofoilers who have made major contributions to the hydrofoil community. Recently, the Board selected Alain Thebault as ritish solo sailor Alex Thomson. one who has been the driving force behind the development of the sail- 34, tries his hand at “stand up ing hydrofoil l’Hydroptere and presented him an award as HONORARY Bfoiling” with a Carafino Hydro- LIFE MEMBER of the International Hydrofoil Society. foil hoard behind his IMOCA Open GO Hugo Boss in the Solent off the Isle of Wight. It’s pretty extreme: Thomson says: “At a certain speed the hull is lifted above the water and the craft skims along on the hydrofoils at great speeds. Its like snowboarding but just on water.” Thomson recently completed his “3 in 3” trifecta of three round-the-world races in three years. His next bluewater race will be in the Rolex Fastnet Race in August.
Stand Up Foiling on a Board
FROM THE BOARD ROOM
he International Hydrofoil Soci- ety (IHS) Board of Directors met Tat 1500 on 8 October 2009 at the Army-Navy Country Club in Arlington, VA. Six of the twelve Board members were in attendance. The Treasurer’s report was submitted by Frank Horn. The IHS has ex- ceeded its revenue objective for the present date, and has a healthy bank balance. IHS has submitted a regis- tration in connection with being a co-sponsor and exhibitor at the up- coming High Performance Marine Vehicles Symposium, 9-10 Novem- ber 2009 at the MITAGS facilities south of Baltimore near BWI airport.
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 9 SAILOR’S PAGE
Intergalactics and Midwinter sailing fast on one hull with these May 30 worldwide referendum was Championships, Islamorada, Jan. uni-rig boats) in nearly all air, which held by the International A-class As- 2009, Florida Keys &Uni-rig A- is a learned skill. Anumber of partici- sociation on these boards, and they class North American Champion- pants were sailing then new Ashby were approved by a majority of the ships, Fort Walton Beach, Florida A-cats with symmetrical class members. At least 5 commer- Update by David A. Carlson, May daggerboards that are canted inwards, cial sources overseas provide curved 2009 thus providing lift, especially while banana boards and trunks for $2500. doing the Wild Thing. But the most Rock and Roll: we USA racers are years behind! [Editor’s Note: This is a continua- recent Championships in Australia tion of the article from last quar- 2009 were won by Glenn Ashby on l’HYDROPTÈRE ACHIEVES ter’s NL.] his new boat now for sale with curved OUTRIGHT WORLD SPEED boards. SAILING RECORD just returned from the A-class North American Championships (Edited from reports on: Iat Fort Walton Beach, Florida. www.hydroptere.com) There were two curved-foil n the 4th Quarter 2008 newsletter, Marstroms participating, with John we reported on two new speed sail- Schiefer of Coconut Grove Sail and Iing records achieved by the Canvas, and Skip Elliot of California l’Hydroptère team (www.hydroptere sailmaking fame. John’s was a new .com) but shortly afterwards the craft boat for sale by Goran Marstrom, capsized during December 2008. All and Skip’s was retrofitted recently in Goran Marstrom’s new curved is well that ends well however. The California. The first race had heavy daggerboards installed on John team has remain committed to chal- air from a thunderstorm only just be- Schiefer’s Marstrom A-cat at the lenging the absolute speed sailing re- fore the finish, so this was far too A-class Intergalactic Midwinters. cord of 50.57 knots achieved by short a time for clear effects from On the left is Skip Elliot who French kite surfer Alexandre curved boards to be seen or to be ef- sailed well with the curved Caizergues at Luderitz, Namibia, on fective. The remaining 10 races were daggerboards on a Marstrom. On 4th October 2008 over a 500m dis- all in light to medium air, with light the right is another competitor, tance. So l’Hydroptère was rebuilt trapeze work needed. The curved Mark Herendeen. during 2009 with various modifica- board boats were not particularly tions incorporated with the aim of in- high placed as Skip had a 9th place in So the jury is still out on curved race 1, but placed 15-31, or almost 20 boards: they appear to be useful in a points lower afterwards. It appears breeze, but not necessarily down- that Schiefer was a few positions wind, which was to me is contrary to higher than his usual result. How- expectations, if Wild-Thing condi- ever, Lars Guck (1st), Pete Melvin tions with speed are met. Fastest sail- (2nd) and Matt Struble (3rd) were ors are able to maintain Wild-Thing dramatically faster than everyone conditions in 6 knots of breeze, which else with conventional modern boats is amazing to me. The straight, in- and Glaser or Ashby sails. The ward-canted Ashby’s of Nov 2007 Marstroms were good at the slow had perhaps more of an advantage downwind legs as usual which is a downwind. Thus some arithmetic is L’Hydroptere Speed Sailing, La well- known Marstrom hull advan- needed for analysis of configurations Seyne sur Mer, France tage for large sailors. However all that give the best overall results for a high finishers were good at doing the typical race course and various wind Wild Thing (heeling downwind and Continued on Page 11 speed. Recent developments include:
Page 10 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 creasing top speed. This has now paid reports in the ‘news in brief’ section Thierry Lombard is also at the origin off. of the team website. On occasions of the partnership of the l’Hydroptere during these speed runs, top speeds of team with the Swiss Federal Institute On Friday 4 September 2009, in up to 55.7 knots (103 km/h) were of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). , Hyères harbour in France logged on the on-board GPS unit. The The Swiss institute has brought its l’Hydroptère became the fastest sail- double record was achieved during support in such matters as aerody- ing boat on the planet over both 500 the 8th and last run for the day. namics, composite materials, struc- meters and one nautical mile. tural behaviour and video-imaging. l’Hydroptere achieved the outright For the record run, Alain Thébault The EPFL has put the knowledge of speed sailing record (across all cate- and his crew composed of Anders its professors and students, its cre- gories) when it surpassed the record Bringdal, Jean-Mathieu Bourgeon, ativity and calculation power at the held by Alexandre Caizergues for the François Cazala, Damien Colegrave, flying trimaran’s disposal. 500m distance while at the same time Stéphane Dyen, Matt Hodgson, the team increasing their own out- Jérémie Lagarrigue, Pierre The team will continue their record right speed record over one nautical Trémouille, Gérard Navarin and campaign at La Seyne sur Mer until 7 mile. Jacques Vincent. October, the end of the period al- lowed by the WSSRC, in an effort to After the result, Alain Thébault achieve an even greater speeds if ap- remarked: “Today the crew was propriate weather conditions are ob- just majestic for this fantastic tained during this time. record, the true representation of a collective work, from an Following the success of the team in “hydropterian” team very close achieving records over these shorter and determined. The accelera- distances, with the support of engi- tions at over 100 km/h create neers from the aeronautics industry intense sensations on board working on a purely voluntary basis, that we have never experienced Alain Thébault’s is already dreaming l’Hydroptere Speed Sailing, La Seyne sur before”. Acknowledging the of new projects. He sees the next Mer, France design effort put into challenge for the boat, re-configured l’Hydroptere, he added: “We as before for open seas sailing, being Alain Thébault and his crew of ten should not forget that this re- to take on long distance records. Thus achieved the double record of 51.36 cord is above all a technological ad- l’Hydroptère is the only sailing boat knots over 500 metres and 48.72 venture and a team work which could capable of beating the absolute sail- knots over one nautical mile. These not have been possible without the ing speed record while also being ca- speeds are subject to ratification by support of our partners”. Also recog- pable of sailing in open seas. the World Sailing Speed Record nizing the sponsorship support for the Council. The previous speed records project he stated: “It is held by l’Hydroptere were 46.88 mainly thanks to my partner- knots over 500 metres (a record for ship with Thierry Lombard, D-Class with sail area greater than managing partner of the pri- 2 27.88 m ) and 43.09 knots over one vate banking house in nautical mile (which was the previous Geneva (the foundation year outright record for that distance). “1796” is mentioned in the mainsail), that l’Hydroptère These speeds were achieved with an has had the support of a established westerly wind of about 25 “principal partner” since knots gusting to 28 knots with rela- 2005 and that we started the tively flat seas. The record runs came quest for these records and The Elated Team of l’Hydroptere Having after a day of steadily improving re- we could beat them." Achieved Their Record Speed Run sults as is evident from the running
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 11 WELCOME NEW MEMBERS performance has been superb; you CHATTANOOGA OPERATION (Continued From Page 2) have proven PHMS can operate ef- fectively with a battle group and are Operations; Plans Officer MACV, welcome back any time.’’ This im- By Jack McDonald Saigon; Head of Surface Junior Of- plies that the PHMS were doing a ficer Assignments, Bureau of Naval here is a 72 passenger great job and were compatible with foil-assisted catamaran operat- Personnel; Student, Industrial Col- other fleet assets. T lege of the Armed Forces; Appro- ing in Chattanooga with priations Manager for Naval As previously stated, we (NAVY) multi-trips daily to the Tennessee Shipbuilding; Commanding Offi- should investigate what an im- River Gorge, which I thought of in- cer, U.S. Naval Station, Subic Bay; proved PHM would look like in terest to IHS members. It is pictured and Director, Strategic Sealift Divi- light of current technology. This on the cover of the Chattanooga sion from which he retired in June undertaking is getting more impera- phone book. I got my daughter to `86 after 30 years of Naval Service. tive every year. This is primarily photograph the phone book, shown due to the continuing loss of civilian here. and Navy expertise in the design, IF WE HAD PHMS TODAY development, and acquisition of (Continued From Page 3) this LO-MIX-type ship. A PHM with a much increased strategic mo- ment, providing space can be made bility, allowing ocean crossings available, thereby enhancing mis- without a refueling ship may be pos- sion capability. Likewise, subsys- sible. So let’s get on with it! tem weight growth, to provide robustness and improved avail- ability, can be traded off for fuel [Editor’s Note: During the time pe- with only a relatively small impact riod of 1983 through 1984 Captain on range. The reader is referred to Frank G. Horn was the first hydro- the paper for specific analyses and foil Squadron Commodore to have their results. six hydrofoils under his wing. He, NEW BENEFIT the Squadron personnel, and all of Let us not forget: On the occasion of the ship’s crews were eager to dem- IHS provides a free link from “Ocean Venture, 1984”, Commo- onstrate the Squadron’s ability to be the IHS website to members’ per- dore K. G. Dorsey COMCARGRU a reliable, powerful element of sonal and/or corporate site. To re- Four said: ‘’PHMS have brought a Navy Seapower wherever they quest your link, contact William White, IHS Home Page Editor at new dimension to surface warfare; were ordered to operate. As sug- [email protected] PHM’s speed, small radar cross sec- gested by the Squadron’s emblem, tion, weapons suite and fire control system provided Commander Car- rier Battle Group (CVBG) with a IHS BOARD OF DIRECTORS formidable offensive weapon; PHM 2007-2010 2008-2011 2009-2012
Sumi Arima Joel Billingsley Mark Bebar IHS OFFICERS 2007 - 2008 John R. Meyer Captain Frank Horn Dennis Clark John Meyer President Mark Bebar Vice President Joel Roberts John Monk William Hockberger Frank Horn Treasurer William White Ken Spaulding George Jenkins Ken Spaulding Secretary
Page 12 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 EXTRA FOR THE WEB EDITION
the hydrofoil actually flies later in the Hydrofoils: Design, Build, and Book Review book. You become comfortable with Fly is common ground for all this. You get this stuff. Not only that, but hydrofoilers in its compelling elucida- Hydrofoils: Design, Build, Fly the way Ray tells it, this stuff is funny. tion of the fundamentals all hydrofoils must obey, but differences are also satis- With those natural characteristics fied here. Individual chapters are dedi- established, the ensuing chapters illumi- cated to individual interests: modeling, by Ray Vellinga nate the various design parameters, ex- sailing, motor power, and human power. You don’t have to love math to plaining how they work together or in love Ray Vellinga’s book Hydrofoils: opposition: weight and lift distribution; Then you come to the final chapter Design, Build, Fly. You don’t have to de- height and pitch; steering and roll; mate- on piloting and troubleshooting. The sign a hydrofoil from scratch to get full rials, stress calcs, and fabrication; selec- chapter begins, “If you think designing use out of it (though terrific mathemati- tion of hull (and motor, if applicable), and building hydrofoils is fun you’ll go cal tools are here to help you do it). Ahy- foil profile, plan-form, and aspect ratio. nuts when you first fly one. They are ex- drofoil in flight is a dynamic system in citing because they truly fly.” Now there constant state of balance. If any parame- The dynamic system of hydrofoils is your common ground. There is your ter goes out of balance without being in flight sneaks up on you and comes to- motivation. Ray’s book may just be the counteracted instantly, then your flight is gether during the course of all this, beginning of a New World Order for hy- over; sometimes precipitously over. Use whether or not you dive into the math. drofoils (though in a good way, without this book to help you use the system, not Ray puts it altogether on the printed page the black NATO helicopters circling om- be run over by it. better and more palatably than I have inously in the night). Hydrofoils rule, but ever seen it done. But that’s as far as Ray they don’t design, build, and fly them- The book begins with history. can go until Hollywood buys the rights selves. If hydrofoils are to rise to their Thomas Moy discovered the hydrofoil and makes the book into a movie. For former glory, hydrofoilers around the serendipitously in 1861 while trying to now you must contemplate the text until world must find, embrace, and commu- design airplane wings. Hydrofoils, it the beautiful dynamic of hydrofoil flight nicate their common ground. Hydrofoils: turns out, are not just been the province comes alive in your mind. It will happen. Design, Build, and Fly is a perfect and of tinkerers, graduate students, and It’s like winding a watch and then watch- affordable start. leather-faced sailors. Alexander Graham ing the gears and springs come to life. Barney C Black Bell, when he was not talking on the Don’t give me that face… you can do it. IHS Life Member phone, built a really fast one. The Start winding that watch now. world’s navies built hydrofoil warships. As a former US Navy officer, Ray The hydrofoilers' world has been Vellinga recommends that the Navy Balkanized since the glory days of hy- abandon destroyers and cruisers alto- drofoils faded in the 1960s. Hydrofoilers gether in favor of hydrofoils. His ratio- are isolated into special interest groups nale: Less rust; more fun. It makes now with little interaction, first accord- perfect sense to me, if not to shipbuilders ing to propulsion: motor, sail, or human or the Secretary of the Navy. power (or kites, or surf); then by use: mil- itary, commercial, or recreational; then Ray eases you into hydrofoil de- by geography; then by geopolitics: (USA sign principles by starting with flight vs. USSR); then by area of interest: resto- characteristics: stability, control, and rations, new designs, foil add-ons, water trim; lift, area, and speed; drag and skis and wake boards, university pro- power; and ventilation, cavitation, and jects, garage hobbies, or personal re- stalling. Especially helpful is Ray’s care- membrances; then by size: static or ful grouping of interrelated characteris- radio-controlled scale model, 1-or 2-per- tics so you begin to grasp conceptually son runabout, pontoon houseboat, IHS Mugs are For Sale how these factors will interoperate when oceangoing yacht, major warship. www.foils.org/ihspubs.htm#mug
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 13 enough to be answerable. Tom has been doing this for a long time, dating back to before the automated BBS was created. So people interested in this topic would do well to browse through the archived pre-BBS messages on adding foils; go to www.foils.org/motofoil.htm.
Now there is a third place for hy- drofoil designers to go. Tom Lang has initiated his website at http://tglang.com. There you can order a bound copy his doctoral thesis: A Generalized Engineer- ing Design Procedure. Dr. Lang’s doc- torate is in Aerospace Engineering, so Theory and procedure come together to what, you might ask, would a hydrofoiler make this book useful and real. Remem- find of interest in this book? ber the Up-Right hydrofoil kits? Unlike the cartoon professorial stereotype, Tom Fulfilling his title’s promise, Tom Tom Lang's Website Debuts is not a disembodied brain bobbing presents a basic engineering design the- around in a jarful of contemplation; he is by Barney C Black ory and from it develops a generalized an inventor, tinkerer, and innovator. He IHS Life Member engineering design procedure. Aspecific does this stuff for a living, and he does it objective is to find the best design that for fun in his garage and on the water. He IHS receives inquiries fairly regu- satisfies a given design goal. Amore gen- holds patents. larly about how to build a hydrofoil boat eral and powerful objective is to find all or add hydrofoils to an existing sport of the best designs, and the families of Tom works through examples in watercraft. People of many interests in- designs, that satisfy an entire field of his book – some are simple; others… quire. They are students, speed boat en- design problems. thusiasts, hobbyists, sailors, well, not so much. This practice in appli- cation helps you massage the math into radio-control modelers, houseboaters, And there is lots of great math! I the follicles of your scalp so you can re- and more. The first place I send them is to predict that you are going to find yourself ally use it to tackle your own design is the International Hydrofoil Society’s working through this math, not as a goals. Can there be any doubt that the hy- web page on Tom Lang’s Up-Right foil means to keep your mind sharp into old drofoil’s salvation is in hands of the engi- kits located in the Hydrofoil Pioneers age like working through Sudoku, but neers? Here are the examples that you section at www.foils.org/upright.htm. because this procedure and this math are You won’t find detailed instructions a hydrofoil designer’s call to action. Continued on Next Page there, but you will find reassurance and inspiration. Tom Lang is a person who has actually designed, built, and flown hydrofoil motorboats (there are pictures to prove it). He even designed and mar- keted a set of add-on foils known as the Up-Right Hydrofoil Kit, a product that unfortunately has been discontinued.
The second place I send people is to the IHS Bulletin Board. Tom Lang posts there occasionally and has been generous of his time and knowledge in providing answers and calculations for hydrofoil design questions, provided the questions are focused and specific
Page 14 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Tom Lang (Continued From Previous Page) will work through: (1) submerged vehi- cles; (2) low-speed airplane wings and non-cavitating hydrofoils; (3) hydrofoil cross sections; (4) group theory and de- sign form transformations - generally and applied to specific foil cross sec- tions; (5) effect of sweepback on the in- cipient cavitation number of hydrofoils; and (6) cavity drag coefficients for hy- drofoil truncated ellipse cross sections.
Theory and procedure; think and do. Those are the keys to happy mind and hands, designing and building. The thinker flies aloft on theory; the designer bends lines to his will with procedure; and the builder cuts through wind and waves in a speeding hydrofoil! Whether you want Tom’s book or not, I recom- mend that you visit the website at Foiljet MR1 Concept by Matt deBellefeuille & Robert Vandenham http://tglang.com to get acquainted and then return from time to time to watch it grow. You will be fascinated. You may even be helped.
Can It Be Built? Canadian free-lance designer Matt deBellefeuille, a 2008 graduate of Toronto's Humber College with a degree in Applied Technology - Industrial De- sign presents the MR1 Foiljet concept, created in collaboration with Industrial Designer Robert Vandenham on his website at www.debelle-design.com.
The Foiljet MR1 would ride on fore and aft hydrofoils mounted on re- tractable struts. The craft would be prop driven via a 15 kW electric motor powerd by a rechargeable 48v battery. To sustain constant height and level flight, the foreward foil will need continuous adjustment either manually from a han- dlebar lever or via an automatic control system. Matt can be contacted by email at [email protected].
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 15 PREVENTION OF VENTILATION IN SAILBOAT HYDROFOILS
By David A. Keiper
18 September 1974
In sailboat hydrofoils, the prob- lem of ventilation is far more complex than with powerboat hydrofoils. In pow- erboat hydrofoils, fences are generally used to prevent the occurrence of ventila- tion, though occasionally sweep has been used.
We may define the sweep of a foil element as the included angle between the foil element and the projection of the foil element onto a plane perpendicular to the water flow direction. If the foil ele- ment sweeps aft as it comes up to emerge Side view of Williwaw showing sweep of the side and bow foils from the water’s surface (i.e. the deepest or lowest portion of the element is for- and aft axis of the boat. However, on sail- • Sailboat hydrofoil elements are sub- ward of the other portions) by an angle of boats, the water flow direction may take jected to far more rapidly varying 10 or 15 degrees (or more) ventilation wide excursions from the fore and aft loads than on powerboats, on the aver- dropping of the boat can be fairly well axis of the boat. age. This appears as widely varying prevented. Sweep angles less than 10 de- angle of attack excursions on the foil grees are relatively ineffective in pre- A sailboat differs from a power- elements, especially on forward and venting ventilation. On powerboats, we boat in that the driving force is nearly lateral foil elements. Ventilation is may consider the direction of water flow halfway up the mast and pushes the boat promoted when angles vary widely as generally corresponding to the fore more sideways than forwards. The wind from design. A sailboat lifting rapidly is also a very unsteady power source, out of the water, as when it catches a varying from second to second. In addi- sharp wind gust, experiences water Williwaw's side foils are attached to tion, sufficient wind power usually flow directions on leeward dihedral the trimaran's pontoons and can be means that there is also a wave chop pres- lifting elements that reduce the effec- retracted by hand ent. The result of all this is that: tive sweep and promote ventilation, both from leeway and rate of climb. • The boat makes leeway, with two re- sults: The mechanism of ventilation is that air tries to pass downwards along » Fences become badly angled to foil elements from the water’s surface to the water flow direction, leading decrease any suction pressures devel- to excessive drag oped on the foil1 surfaces. Ventilation propagates itself downwards especially » The sweep of dihedral foil lifters along surface-piercing elements. A dis- on the boat's leeward side is turbed water surface, as from waves, effectively reduced, or may even tends to promote ventilation. Bow and be reversed, leading to lateral foil unit lifters normally have ventilation. This is especially higher angles of attack than stern foils, important because the leeward thus build up more suction pressure, and side of the boat carries the most load. Continued on Next Page
Page 16 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Foil Sweep (Continued From Previous Page) are more susceptible to ventilation. Bow and lateral foils also suffer wider excur- sions in angle of attack. Stern foils of zero dihedral lifters don t appear to re- quire sweep, but the supporting struts are usually given about 4 deg. of sweep so that the normal (lift + drag) vector passes directly through the struts. Sweep works in controlling ventilation because distur- bances at the water’s surface cannot propagate themselves “backwards” in the time dimension to reach portions of the foil element which are forward and Above: Drawing from Gordon Baker's patent US2856879 show slight deeper. sweep of the foils. Below, right: Baker's hydrofoil sailboat Monitor.
The [Gordon] Baker foils appear Why 4 Foil Assemblies? an irreversible dynamically assisted to have a sweep of approximately 4 de- crash in which negative bow lift gener- grees. His purpose was to pass the lifting Hydrofoil sailing craft have used ates more negative bow lift, with the loads directly up through the struts, for a 3-foil system. In a 3-foil symmetric craft’s momentum quickly producing a structural reasons, so that lifting forces system, one foil unit is burdened heavily, stem-over-bow capsize as can occur in a would not complicate his mechanical supplying both lateral stabilizing forces 3-foil system. If the loaded leeward lat- computer foil adjustment scheme. The and longitudinal stabilization against eral foil should lose lift through wave ac- Baker craft is designed to sail so that the sail forward pitching moments and wave tion, the craft will heel and spill wind craft makes zero average leeway, accom- encounter. One cannot maximize both from its sails, reducing the heeling force. plished through his foil adjustment longitudinal and lateral stability. In Slender, buoyant pontoons provide pro- mechanisms, and so his craft does not Williwaw, a 4-foil symmetric system acts tection from capsize in an extreme case. find moderate sweep to be necessary to as a 3-foil asymmetric system when the With bow and stern foil maintaining the prevent ventilation (at least in his typical craft heels a moderate amount from the craft in proper fore-and-aft trim angle, sailing conditions, on inland protected sail forces. In coming about, no readjust- the leeward lateral foil can recover lift waters). The Keiper foil invention - use ments are needed, since heel in the other quickly. Essentially, the foil system is of moderate sweep on sailing hydrofoils lateral direction effectively switches the able to fail safely. - answers the needs of those preferring to system over. Moreover, the 4th foil, nor- use (the simpler) fixed foil units and sail- mally airborne on the windward side of ing in particularly rough water condi- the craft, can help protect the craft from a tions. The foil units themselves are serious high speed crash drive if the bow strong enough and well fastened directly foil loses lift through wave action. As the to the hulls, without long spindly tubes as bow foil loses lift and starts dropping, in Baker, and so the (lift + drag) vector the airborne windward lateral foil comes passing somewhat forward of the foil into action to give necessary support. unit, because of swept elements, causes The lateral foils and stern foil combina- no undue flexure. tion stabilizes the craft with a longitudi- nal trim angle only a few degrees lower [Publisher's note: Dave Keiper de- than normal trim using the bow foil. That fended his patent claim on foward sweep is, the stern and lateral foils provide a of the foils. The examiner was uncon- longitudinal righting couple to prevent vinced. The full text of Dave's patent the craft from taking a steep dive, giving US3561388 can be viewed on the the bow foil time to recover its own lift- internet at www.patentsfreeonline.com]. ing action, without the boat getting into
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 17 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Hydrofoil Safety that to the mechanism that is going to Share the Wealth... PLEASE! control the flap. More expense - more I am a university student in Can- hassle. ada doing his final year mechanical engi- If you have not been using the Assuming as surface craft - there are 3 neering project with a few others on the IHS on-line bulletin board (BBS), parts to foil operation. design of a retrofitable automatic control here is what you have been missing. system for changing AOA of the hydro- • Displacement phase. Trim - 0 foil flap. I am currently analyzing the The Letters to the Editor sec- tion was discontinued as a regular NL safety aspect related to our design for a • Transition phase. Trim varies but nor- feature after IHS established its leisure boat (boat size is just around 5m mally in the positive to 9m in length). I am just curious if any- on-line bulletin board (BBS). Moving the correspondence on line provided one may know where I could find safety • Planing Phase - where trim is a condi- many benefits, including faster re- standard/guidelines related to such type tion of foils. of mechanical system for hydrofoil. Our sponse times, a search engine, and wider audience of potential advice system, mainly consisted of a motor that Therefore the AOA of the foils givers (or commiseraters). The BBS directly drives the flap at the tail of the can be set for the planing phase. Also also freed up a lot of the NL editor's foil, will be external to the strut, not on foils attitude depends upon power - if and webmaster's time to work on the inside, so everything we are doing your engines have a trim setting that is other features of the IHS site. has to be waterproof as well. normally fine to set the trim of the boat in the planing phase. Ditch the flaps. I tried to find info on existing fail There is a glitch, though. Many safe locking mechanism for flap as well IHS members know each other Gerhard Kutt (in situation when control sys fails)...if through work, membership in IHS, anyone knows of any resources on this, SNAME, etc. or through the BBS. Fin Area Calcs that’ll help tremendously. By the Some email each other directly in- way, our design is of the fully-sub- stead of using the BBS. This deprives How can I calculate fin area merged type, with retractable struts (not the rest of the hydrofoiler world of needed for a R/C submarine? Or how can our group’s part) seeing and participating in some I calculate wing loading for it? I know Chris highly interesting exchanges that are there are tables for wing loading of Response… then lost to the record. It also tends to aircraft, but I don’t know any references Is the boat a submarine or a sur- keep some experienced hydrofoilers for underwater vehicles. face vessel? If it is a surface vessel - why from checking the BBS regularly and do you need flaps at all for the forward participating in that world-wide fo- Hamid Yooshij foil? If it is a mono foil system, these are rum both to help others and to learn Response… generally not very stable and lead to from them. Quite a few BBS posts go porpoising when AOA is too great and unanswered now because of this prac- You can treat submarine fins as a does not work if AOAis too low. The an- tice, and the experts who do partici- type of hydrofoil. Hydrofoil lift is calcu- gles are very small and critical for the pate can be overburdened. As it says lated as shown below (taken from my forward foil and measured in 10ths of on the BBS: degrees. Flaps are not a good idea at all, book, Hydrofoils: Design, Build, Fly, and expensive to include in any hydro- Helpful hydrofoilers are en- available at amazon.com, ISBN-13: foil design, especially if you want to au- couraged to visit regularly, 978-0982236116): tomate it. review the latest postings, In case you do - you have to control the and share your knowledge. If The formula is borrowed from control from somewhere which nor- you know the answer or can aerodynamics and is shown: L=½r *V2 *S*C mally means setting the height of a posi- point to a person who does... L please answer the posting ac- We can calculate the value of ½ ?, tion in the bow, which means adding a Where ñ (rho) = density of the fluid. The sensor to constantly measure the height cordingly. of the bow over the water and feeding Continued on Next Page
Page 18 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Letters to the Editor Inflatable Foils?! (Continued From Previous Page) I am researching hydrofoils to ret- rofit to a catapult inflatable catamaran density of seawater is 1.99 slugs and that I restored 2 months ago. I purchased when multiplied by ½ the result rounds from your site the Dave Keiper CD as off to 1.00. well as the sailing hydrofoil book and the Because ½ r = 1, we can simplify the other hydrofoil CD. I am not searching to formula to: break any speed records. I don’t want to L=V2 *S*C be too technical but more or less experi- L ment and see what happens. I will try L = Lift, pounds. Lift equals weight both surface piercing foils like hydro- when flying straight and level. sphere and submerged foils like those V = Velocity in ft /sec (note: 1 mph = used in the Trifoiler, Rave, and Moths. 1.47 ft/ sec ) S = Surface area of foil, projected On the submerged foils: My ques- vertically in square feet, ft2. tion is about getting a good look at how the mechanical link used in the moth or CL = Coefficient of lift, this is a dimensionless number found in tables of Rave works. By my estimations the wing profiles as in Theory of Wing weight of the catapult is about the same Catapult Racing Catamaran www.catapultcats.com Sections. of the Rave so I have a pretty good idea of the dimensions needed for the front To solve for Surface area use: two foils and rudder foil. I will probably use the NACA 63412 section and have a 2 S=L/(V *CL ) good idea how to join the flap to the foil but I lack imagination on the rod link as If you do not have access to The- well as the teleflex link between the rod ory of Wing Sections or other COL here controlling the flap and the actuator on is simple table (based on the NACA the surface sensor batten. 63-412 section): Inflatable Hulls (Turned Upside I hope someone can help me with Down to Show Dagger Boards) this subject. I have spent about 10 week AOA Coefficient of Lift nights trying to find threads like this in Introducing Catapult 0 0.272 the IHS website, but have not found con- 1 0.381 crete examples. My personal profile is Catapult is the only true sin- basically of a monohull sailor and a proa gle-handed racing catamaran, with no 2 0.490 builder/sailor so nothing in common assistance needed when rigging, 3 0.599 with hydrofoils members with the vast launching, or sailing. The inflatable background in engineering and foil Hypalon hulls resist damage, and the 4 0.708 design. boat can rest on them at the water's 5 0.817 Carlos Solanilla edge to be slid in. A stiff aluminum Miami, Florida frame supports slender inflatable hulls. 6 0.926 Responses…. Weight is only 95 kgs (210 lbs), mak- 7 1.035 ing Catapult fast for a 5m (16ft–4in) boat. The light weight allows racing 8 1.144 None. Perhaps one of the experi- enced hydrofoilers in IHS or elsewhere performance with a 10 sq.m. sail area, 9 1.253 can chime in with an answer? so that it's easy to sail and is forgiving 10 1.362 of mistakes. The hull shape (with max- imum draft well aft) makes for quick Ray Vellinga and predictable tacking. Continued on Next Page
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 19 Letters to the Editor Grumman JRF-5G... A second genera- (Continued From Previous Page) tion seaplane hydrofoil configuration called for a single, small foil positioned below the hull. The resulting design was Seaplane Hydrofoils a single super-cavitating, penetrating hydrofoil considered suitable for use on I have been a sailor all my life, the Grumman Hy-16 Albatross... a mod- both water and ice and worked in San- ified 1960 Lake LA-4A Skimmer am- ford, Maine as an A&P mechanic phibian was chosen as a scale flight test (Boston University) for Aerofab on the bed.” LA-4 empenage, doors etc. There was a Barney C Black big layoff and 70 or so of us were given the pink slips one Friday - about 1961 or In his response, Barney provided 62. After a year of waiting I turned to a link to an earlier posting I made sum- commercial fishing - BUT kept an eye on marizing the relevant content a paper ti- the airport. Thurston, of the Aerofab Co. tled ‘A Review of Sea Loiter Aircraft (Thurston-Erlandson) had moved to the Technology’ from the AIAA / SNAME airport and was working on a hush-hush Advanced Marine Vehicles Conference, program for the Navy installing a single Arlington, Virginia, September 20-22, “T” foil beneath and just ahead of the tard stall during peak wind gusts. I guess 1976. (Paper No. 76-876). I included im- step on one of the Lake amphibians. I we cannot stop our minds from playing. ages of the LA-4 with ski/foil attached heard all sorts of rumors about the lever- Peter Ashley from that reference. What I didn’t men- age arm length and drag during landings Natural Energy Consultant tion is that the paper also describes ex- and other comments with no concrete Responses… periments on an LA-4 with an “Air info. I was involved with trim tab work Cushion Landing System”, an approxi- and was aware of the huge moment prob- Info about this is located on the mately 2 ft deep doughnut-shaped bag lems created by the engine on the pylon. IHS site at www.foils.org/students.htm . mounted under the fuselage operating on The trim tabs would probably have been Go there and scroll down to the topic the same principal as a hovercraft. This enlarged and their deflection increased heading “Hydrofoil Assisted Take Off for same system was also tried on larger air- to test the hydrofoil. Flying Boat.” Or you can search on that craft, namely the ACLS equipped page for “Thurston” and jump right to it. XC-8A Buffalo military transport air- Have you heard anything about Also, following is an article citation from craft. More information on the ACLS those experiments? I am sure Gordon www.foils.org/popmags.htm: work is contained in earlier issues of Baker was involved, but have found no Jane’s Surface Skimmers (at least up to trail to follow. Levy, Howard, “HRV-1 Hydrofoil the mid 70’s issues). Amphibian,” Air Progress - The News I have been a member of the Magazine of Aviation, Condé Nast Publi- Related to experiments with hy- multihull association here in New Eng- cations, New York, Feb 1968, vol 22 no. drofoils on aircraft, some time back I land for 10 years or so and have sailed in 2, pp. cover, 38-39, 73-74. “... the hydro- stumbled across a YouTube movie clip Bill Dolgers Newick designed tri. I sail foil seaplane can operate in sea states of take-off / landing trials of the foil with the New England Ice Yacht Associ- three times the size safely handled by a equipped Grumman JRF-5G Goose. I ation in the winter using a Jeff Kent car- basic seaplane... For almost five years, don’t have the link at hand, but it should- bon mast. For work I design and install David B. Thurston, President of... n’t be hard to find and is worth viewing systems for zero energy housing. Thurston Aircraft Corporation of Sanford as a blast from the past. Maine has been conducting relatively un- Martin Grimm I dream of flying on the end of a publicized hydro-ski and hydrofoil devel- very large windplant and watching the opment and flight evaluation programs I found the video you mentioned. molecules fight their way around the for the US Naval Air Systems Command The beginning is actually a Goose on leading edge. Some of them find their (NAVAIRSYSCOM)... It was during skis, but the hydrofoil version is shown a way into the vacuum in the foil created spring 1964 that the Naval Air Test Center at Patuxent conducted an evaluation of an by centrifugal force through the bound- Continued on Next Page ary layer control holes as a means to re- Edo-developed Grunberg hydrofoil on a
Page 20 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Letters to the Editor ple trips daily to the Tennessee River (Continued From Previous Page) Gorge. For further info, see Tennessee Aquarium web site. few minutes in. Here is the link: Jack McDonald www.youtube.com/watch?v=yolgS1bn 7P8. Or you can search YouTube.com for “seaplane history goose”. Thanks for Supercomet Model making us aware, this is a good video. I have recently purchased a Super Scott Smith Comet or PT50 and have learned that an Commercial Foils in USA article was written about it in Model Boat Magazine. Does anyone have that Does anyone have a list of loca- particular magazine and if so could I get tions/companies that use hydrofoils in a a copy of the article? commercial capacity in the US? Don Lund Jason B. Response… There are 2 Hydrofoil Supported Catamaran ferries operating in the U.S. Above: River Gorge Explorer a 65' Both operate between LA and Catalina Teknicraft-designed Catamaran Island. Tour Vessel at the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga TN • Built by Kvi Chak boats - GRP - called Marina Del Ray Flyer. Foil sys- The vessel seats 70 passengers tem designed by CAE Marine - South and is able to whisk them through the Africa - Dr. Gunther Migeotte. See Tennessee Gorge at 50 mph. The lifting www.catalinaferries.com. effect produced by the Teknicraft hy- drofoil and signature hull shape causes • Built by GEO shipyards in Louisiana, the vessel to draft less than a foot of wa- designed by Brennan Smith, Viking ter as the vessel cruises its 24 mile route Above: Super Comet Model Assem- Fast Craft, Catalina Adventure - Alu- up and down the river. Power for the bled By Matthias Rom minum Hull Foil design by Prof. KG craft is supplied by four C-18 ACERT Hoppe. See the following website: engines with 875 bhp at 2200 rpm and www.vikingfastcraft.com/149%20Pa propulsion is supplied by four Hamilton Response… ssenger%20Ferry.html Jet HJ 403 water jets. I have two Super Comets. I just Both are HYSUCAT - Hydrofoil Length at the waterline is 58'-9". recently built one. The other is still in the Supported Catamaran Foil systems de- Beam is 23'-6". Surveyed to USCG box. I put a brushless motor in the veloped at Stellenbosch University by Subchapter T. Crew of Three. Builder is Comet and she flies! Prof. KG Hoppe. These designs were All American Marine, Inc. chosen because of their impressive fuel I do not recall any articles on the savings, smooth ride characteristics in Super Comet , but I will take a look and the choppy seas off California. get back to you . Gerhard Kutt I also have a 32nd parallel VS-8 www.hawctech.com hydrofoil for this winter’s project. A 70 passenger foil assisted cata- Stephen McDonald maran has been operating on the Tennes- see River since May 2008. It is owned by the Tennessee Aquarium and runs multi- Continued on Next Page
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 21 Letters to the Editor I am converting the scans to vec- (Continued From Previous Page) tor drawings (CAD), but haven’t fin- ished yet. Since I am doing it in my spare time it may be weeks before I finish. I Volga 70 Line Drawings ??? currently have the front view complete, side view 75% completed. I haven’t I am an IHS member, and am very started on the top view. It is time con- close to finishing the restoration/radical suming because I am correcting distor- modernization of my Volga. All of the tions caused by knitting together many mechanical work has been completed, smaller scans and the print’s being origi- and I am about to begin the paint/interior. nally drawn on a manual drafting table, not to mention folds and tears on the It has the potential to be pretty original. I am spoiled by the accuracy of amazing, and I want it to resemble my CAD. aerobatic biplane and Russian Fighter. For my designers to do their best work, I I can send you what I have done need a line drawing to use as an underlay. already, if you tell me what file format Any leads would be welcomed. you prefer. Image formats like JPEG are (Above) Volga 70 Front View by possible, but not very high resolution. Vector formats would be better, such as I saw the picture of Regimantas Scott Smith Sermontis’ boat in the Photo Gallery of DWG,but PDF works also if you can use the IHS website. This boat captures the it. look I am going for. I would love to get Response… Scott Smith some more pictures, as well as to com- municate directly with the owner or Height Control Sensors workmen who did the work. Congrats on the Volga, wish I were in your position... I have been talking to Has anyone tried implementing ultrasonic sensors for height control? If Any help would be welcomed as Maurits Schornagel, who has a web site so could anyone let me know how they we are down to the final steps of paint with scans of an original Volga blueprint, went about doing it? Sensor model, cost, and interior. right up your alley. Unfortunately the originals were pretty old and dark, but calibration etc.? Adam Grosser they might do the trick. The web site is Timothy www.volga-hydrofoil.net/blueprints/Sca ns/ . Continued on Next Page (Below)"Pimp My Ride!" Regimantas Sermontis, from Klaipeda, Lithuania refurbished his Volga 70 in the summer of 2007. He has installed a 6.0 litre Crusader 375 bhp engine.
Page 22 IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 ences can be compensated for by calibra- tion. But they will change with speed. If you’re clever about the port placement, you might be able to exploit that fact if you want the flying height to vary with speed.
Such a sensor may work in con- junction with other sensors that have better dynamic response if you wanted an input that would average the waves and the flying height. But I think you’ll find it has lots of issues if it is the only height sensor. Tom Speer
Bentley Marine (Above) Height Sensor Concept by Lam Yet Fat Kudos to John F. Rodrigues and Bentley Marine for the webpage “Ad- Letters to the Editor vanced High Seakeeping Hulls,” URL: (Continued From Previous Page) Have you considered using a float http://bentley-marine.com/Advanced_ switch? I do not draw too well, but hope Hulls.htm. It is well worth a browse; see you can understand my sketch (above). example photos below. Responses… Switch is just for 2 status control, if the Barney C. Black float is linked to a variable resistor, it can I have under development a digi- probably give a good feed back control. tal roll and height control system re- Lam Yet Fu placement for Talaria’s analog control system. I don’t think your concept will work very well by itself. A feedback sen- I am experimenting with the EZ20 sor needs to operate with as little delay as from www.maxbotix.com/. It was cho- possible, or it will destabilize the closed sen for its wide angle beam, useful for a loop system. In your concept, there will platform such as Talaria that banks up to be a lag as water flows in and out of the 35 degrees. The EZ20 is not water proof. strut. This will attenuate the wave height If a narrow angle sensor is adequate, as they go by and will respond slowly, de- Above: 132'A-Foil Catamaran Ferry; there are many available. pending on how large the opening is to the 55 knots cruising speed Harry Larsen strut. Alarge opening can have significant hydro-dynamic drag. Below: Monohull With A-Foil
Below: Harry Larsen's Talaria Another factor is the pressure at the location where the water flows in and out of the strut. If the port is located at a low pressure region, the water level in the strut will be less than the water level outside. And if it is located in a region of higher pressure, the water level will be artificially high. To some extent, these differ-
IHS Fourth Quarter 2009 Page 23