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ASSEMBLY of the UNION Thirty-First Ordinary Session 1 – 2 July 2018 Nouakchott, MAURITANIA

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ASSEMBLY of the UNION Thirty-First Ordinary Session 1 – 2 July 2018 Nouakchott, MAURITANIA AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA P. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA Tel.: Tel: +251-115- 517 700 Fax: +251-115- 517844 / 5182523 Website: www.au.int ASSEMBLY OF THE UNION Thirty-First Ordinary Session 1 – 2 July 2018 Nouakchott, MAURITANIA Assembly/AU/7(XXXI) Original: English-French REPORT OF THE PEACE AND SECURITY COUNCIL ON ITS ACTIVITIES AND THE STATE OF PEACE AND SECURITY IN AFRICA Assembly/AU/7(XXX) Page 1 REPORT OF THE PEACE AND SECURITY COUNCIL ON ITS ACTIVITIES AND THE STATE OF PEACE AND SECURITY IN AFRICA I. INTRODUCTION 1. The present Report of the Peace and Security Council (PSC) of the African Union (AU) on its Activities and the State of Peace and Security in Africa is submitted to the Assembly of the AU pursuant to Article 7(q) of the Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council of the AU. The Report covers the period from the 30st Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the AU, held in Addis Ababa, from 28 – 29 January 2018, to the 31st Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the Union taking place in Nouakchott, Mauritania, from 1 to 2 July 2018. 2. The report covers the activities carried out by the PSC during the period under review and provides an overview of the state of peace and security in the continent with respect to conflict and crisis situations, presented in the respective geographic regional settings as well as the status of the implementation of various key issues of continental scope within the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA). II. ACTIVITIES OF THE PEACE AND SECURITY COUNCIL OF THE AFRICAN UNION 3. Throughout the period under review the PSC pursued its efforts in addressing conflict and crisis situations, as well as thematic peace and security issues, and also undertook field missions to some conflict areas in the continent. 4. During the reporting period, in the PSC has held 34 meetings during the reporting period. The meetings covered the following situations: Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Darfur (Sudan), Guinea-Bissau, Mali/Sahel, Somalia and South Sudan. The PSC also considered the activities of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), the African Union/United Nations Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) and the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram in the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) and the RCI-LRA. The meetings also considered the development of the African Standby Force (ASF) and the AU Peace Fund. 5. The PSC also held meetings on thematic issues, namely the plight of women and children in conflict situations in Africa; prevention of ideology of hate, genocide and hate crimes in Africa; Effective Take-off of the AU Humanitarian Agency (AUHA): Addressing the Impact of Terrorism and Armed conflicts on Africa’s Social Fabric”; Nuclear Energy, Non-Proliferation and Disarmament: International Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Africa and the Status of the African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Treaty, Nexus between corruption and conflict resolution and its implications for peace and security in Africa; Africa’s Peace and Security Landscape by the Year 2023 (End of First Ten-Year Implementation Plan of Agenda 2063): A Prospective Analysis of Peace and Security Challenges; African Migrants Crisis: Imperative for Expediting Free Movement of Policy in Africa; Continental Results Framework for Monitoring and Reporting on the Implementation of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda in Africa; Link between Assembly/AU/7(XXX) Page 2 Climate Change and Conflicts in Africa and addressing Security Implications; the Principles of Protection of Civilians in Conflict Areas in Africa; illicit flow and financing of arms in Africa: source of conflicts and impediments to silencing the guns in Africa; Progress of the African Union Border Programme 2017-2018; Refugee protection, migration and Human Rights in Africa; the role of Africa in the Harmonization of Initiatives and operationalization of APSA in the Sahel; and Security and Migration in Africa. In all meetings where the PSC discussed thematic issues, communiques and press statements were adopted and disseminated. In addition, the PSC exchanged views on the conduct of its field missions to conflict and post conflict situations. Notably, during its meeting on illicit flows and financing of arms in Africa, the PSC had an exchange of view on African efforts towards silencing the guns within the overall peace efforts in Africa and how the international community could contribution to these efforts with representatives of the UN Security Council based in Addis Ababa. In the run up to the 31st Ordinary Session of the Assembly, the PSC had scheduled a meeting at the level of Heads of State and Government on 30 June 2018, to consider the situation in South Sudan. 6. During its 761th meeting held on 5 April 2017, the PSC received a briefing on the prevention of ideology of hate, genocide and hate crimes in Africa, on the commemoration of the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda, the PSC welcomed decision 72/550 of the UN General Assembly of 26 January 2018 which designates 7th April of each year as the International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, and decided to designate 7th April of each year as the African Union Day of Commemoration of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. In this regard, the Assembly may wish to endorse the decision of the PSC ‘to designate 7th April of each year as the African Union Day of Commemoration of the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda’. The Assembly may further wish to endorse the PSC decision to correct the nomenclature of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, to be: “The 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda”. 7. Furthermore, the PSC at its 771st meeting held on 11 May 2018, on the African Migrants Crisis: Imperative for Expediting Free Movement Policy in Africa, endorsed the establishment of the African Migration Observatory, as proposed by His Majesty Mohammed VI, King of Morocco, the AU Champion for Migration, which aims mainly at collecting data, ensuring information exchange and coordination between African countries. In this regard, the Assembly may wish to endorse the PSC decision to establish the African Migration Observatory. 8. During the reporting period, the PSC undertook three field missions. The first field mission was jointly undertaken from 7 to 9 March 2018, by the PSC and the European Union Political and Security Committee (EUPSC) to the CAR, in line with the previous joint communiques adopted by both Organs to undertake joint field missions to conflict and post conflict areas to get an-on-the field view and interact with the stakeholders. During this mission, the PSC was accompanied by the Chairperson of the PRC Sub- Committee on Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and a contribution of Assembly/AU/7(XXX) Page 3 100,000 USD was made to support the provision of the basic needs to the IDPs in Bria. The Joint Mission underlined that the return to constitutional order in the CAR and the progress made to date by the Government and the constitutional institutions, are the first key steps in the process of recovery, stabilization and peacebuilding in the country and stressed that the support being provided by the AU and the EU, in close coordination with the UN, is to achieve this objective. The Joint Mission further reaffirmed full support for the implementation of the African Initiative for Peace and Reconciliation in the CAR and the Libreville Roadmap and welcomed the efforts of the AU and the Panel of Facilitators aimed at expediting the implementation process. Furthermore, the Joint Mission emphasized the important role of the region in efforts towards the resolution of the conflict in the CAR. 9. The second field mission was undertaken to the Republic of South Sudan from 14 to 18 April 2018. During the field mission, the PSC acknowledged the efforts deployed by various actors through different peace processes in finding lasting peace in South Sudan, namely the HLRF launched by IGAD, the National Dialogue launched by H.E President Salva Kiir and the reunification of the SPLM currently led by Uganda and Egypt. The PSC urged all stakeholders involved in those different processes to harmonize and coordinate their efforts with the view of converging all such initiatives in order to achieve peace and security in the country, as well as to continue to provide support to the alleviation of humanitarian sufferance in the country. 10. The third field mission was undertaken to the Republic of Sudan, Khartoum and Darfur, from 5 to 9 May 2018. The PSC noted reports of an improved security environment since its last visit to in May 2017 and commended the Government of Sudan for the efforts deployed towards stabilizing Darfur and underscored that its major concern was the safety and security of the IDPs and their relationship with the Government. However, the PSC noted that there is need to address issues relating to their return, especially as it relates to the access to land and emphasized that the DDPD still offers an opportunity to address land matters in Sudan. The PSC stressed that the Government, through the residual committees of the Darfur Regional Authority (DRA), should intensify efforts towards addressing land issues, IDPs returns, reconciliation, peace building and addressing the root causes of the Sudanese conflict in Darfur. The PSC also emphasized that the withdrawal of UNAMID and that the process should be conducted in a gradual manner, while ensuring that protection of civilians is not compromised. 11. As part of the efforts to activate Subsidiary Bodies / Sub-Committees established by the PSC under Article 8 (5) of its Protocol, the Committee of Experts (CoE) has met several times to provide targeted support within the activities of the PSC, including discussing on how to revitalize the PSC Sub Committee on Sanctions.
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