DOCSLIB.ORG

AMERICAN RADIO in CHINA International Encounters with Technology and Communications, 1919–41

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
AMERICAN RADIO in CHINA International Encounters with Technology and Communications, 1919–41 Palgrave Studies in the History of the Media Series Editors: Dr Bill Bell (Centre for the History of the Book, University of Edinburgh), Dr Chandrika Kaul (Department of Modern History, University of St Andrews), Professor Kenneth Osgood (Department of History, Florida Atlantic University), Dr Alexander S. Wilkinson (Centre for the History of the Media, University College Dublin) Palgrave Studies in the History of the Media publishes original, high-quality research into the cultures of communication from the middle ages to the present day. The series explores the variety of subjects and disciplinary approaches that characterize this vibrant field of enquiry. The series will help shape current interpretations not only of the media, in all its forms, but also of the powerful relationship between the media and politics, society, and the economy. Advisory Board: Professor Carlos Barrera (University of Navarra, Spain), Professor Peter Burke (Emmanuel College, Cambridge), Professor Denis Cryle (Central Queensland University, Australia), Professor David Culbert (Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge), Professor Nicholas Cull (Center on Public Diplomacy, University of Southern California), Professor Tom O’Malley (Centre for Media History, University of Wales, Aberystwth), Professor Chester Pach (Ohio University) Titles include: Michael A. Krysko AMERICAN RADIO IN CHINA International Encounters with Technology and Communications, 1919–41 Christoph Hendrik Müller WEST GERMANS AGAINST THE WEST Anti-Americanism in Media and Public Opinion in the Federal Republic of Germany 1949–68 Forthcoming titles: Joel Wiener THE AMERICANIZATION OF THE BRITISH PRESS, 1830–1914 James Mussell & Suzanne Paylor NINETEENTH-CENTURY PRESS IN THE DIGITAL AGE Politics, Pedagogy and Practice Jane Chapman EMPIRE, WOMEN AND MEDIA Citizenship and Consumption in Press and Radio, 1863–1947 Martin Conboy & John Steel THE LANGUAGE OF NEWSPAPERS IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND Commercializing the Popular Palgrave Studies in the History of the Media Series Standing Order ISBN 978–0–230–23153–5 hardcover Series Standing Order ISBN 978–0–230–23154–2 paperback (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and one of the ISBNs quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England American Radio in China International Encounters with Technology and Communications, 1919–41 Michael A. Krysko Assistant Professor of History, Kansas State University, USA © Michael A. Krysko 2011 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2011 978-0-230-25266-0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2011 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-32230-5 ISBN 978-0-230-30193-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230301931 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Krysko, Michael A., 1969– American radio in China : international encounters with technology and communications, 1919–41 / Michael A. Krysko. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Radio broadcasting – China – History – 20th century. 2. Radio broadcasting – United States – History – 20th century. 3. Industrial relations – China – History – 20th century. 4. China – Commerce – United States – History – 20th century. 5. United States – Commerce – China – History – 20th century. 6. China – Social conditions –1912–1949. I. Title. HE8699.C56K79 2011 384.540951Ј09041—dc22 2011004141 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 Contents List of Tables vi List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments x A Note on Romanization xiii Introduction “The Great Blessings That Radio Will Engender in This Old and Populous Land”: American Expectations and Radio in China 1 1 “We Owe Nothing to Their Sensibilities”: Federal Telegraph, the Open Door, and the Washington System in 1920s China 17 2 “We Are Not Interested in the Politics of the Situation”: The Radio Corporation of America in Nationalist China, 1928–37 42 3 “By Some It Is Doubted If the Chinese Will Ever Become Radio Fans”: Sino- American Relations and Chinese Broadcasting during the Interwar Era 69 4 “As If We Lived on Maine St. in Kansas, USA”: Shortwave Broadcasting and American Mass Media in Wartime China 90 5 “Win China for Christ through Radio”: Religious Broadcasting and the American Missionary Movement in Nationalist China 126 6 “Unofficial Radio Hell- Raiser”: Radio News and US- Japanese Conflict on the Eve of the Pacific War 154 Conclusion 188 Notes 200 Bibliography 258 Index 275 v Tables 2.1 Monthly revenue from International Telegrams during 1933 and 1934 48 2.2 International cable and radio messages sent from China 49 2.3 Chinese government radio service revenues and expenditures 49 3.1 Market share by country based on the total annual monetary value of radio imports into China (excluding Hong Kong and Manchuria) 80 vi Illustrations I.1 Clarence Robertson with former Chinese president Li Yuanhong and his grand children (Radio Broadcast, September 1923) 3 I.2 Clarence Robertson experimenting with a loop transmitting and receiving station on the streets of Shanghai (Radio Broadcast, September 1923) 4 1.1 Jacob Gould Schurman, 1925 (National Photo Company Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 18 1.2 Gu Weijun, date unknown (Harris and Ewing Collection, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress) 28 1.3 Shi Zhaoji, 1936 (Harris and Ewing Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 30 1.4 James G. Harbord, date unknown (George Grantham Bain Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 31 1.5 Owen D. Young, date unknown (George Grantham Bain Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 32 1.6 John V.A. MacMurray, 1924 (National Photo Company Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 35 1.7 Frank B. Kellogg (l.) and Charles Hughes, 1925 (National Photo Company Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 38 2.1 Chiang Kai-Shek, 1945 (Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 43 2.2 David Sarnoff, 1940 (Harris and Ewing Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 46 2.3 Zhang Zuolin, date unknown (George Grantham Bain Collection, Bain News Service, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 50 3.1 Leland Harrison, 1922 (National Photo Company Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 71 vii viii List of Illustrations 3.2 Nelson Johnson, 1925 (National Photo Company Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 78 3.3 Fuzhou Road in Shanghai, c. 1931 (Keystone View Company, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 81 3.4 Charles Crane (on right, pictured with former New York Senator James O’Gorman), 1920 (National Photo Company Collection, Prints and Photograph Division, Library of Congress) 82 4.1 A. Viola Smith and the Shanghai Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, c. 1930s (US National Archives, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce Still Pictures Collection) 93 4.2 Mutt and Jeff cartoon (China Press, 19 February 1939; Copyright Universal Uclick. Used With Permission) 99 4.3 Advertisement for the Shanghai Telephone Company (China Press, 23 February 1939) 102 4.4 Advertisement for Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills (China Weekly Review, 11 January 1936) 103 4.5 Advertisement for Baby’s Own Tablets (China Weekly Review, 22 February 1936) 104 4.6 Advertisement for the Shanghai Gas Company (China Press, 22 February 1939) 105 4.7 Advertisement for the Shanghai Gas Company (China Press, 28 February 1939) 106 4.8 Velva Brown, 1935 (Courtesy of Roselyn Leibowitz) 109 4.9 Dr. A. Holmes Johnson, c. 1940s (Courtesy of Dr. Bob Johnson) 121 5.1 Aimee Millican (far right) Zhao Xi’en (far left), K.S. Lee (second from left), and other XMHD
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2021 Datalex Big Book of Airline Data Page 0
    2021 Datalex Big Book of Airline Data Page 0 2021 Datalex Big Book of Airline Data by IdeaWorksCompany Table of Contents Updates to the 2021 Datalex Big Book of Airline Data .................................................................................... 3 A. Welcome Message from Datalex .................................................................................................................. 5 B. Introduction to the Data ................................................................................................................................. 6 About Special Reporting Periods ....................................................................................................................... 7 Year over Year Comparisons are Introduced this Year............................................................................... 8 2020 Was Bad – But There Were a Few Bright Spots ................................................................................. 9 C. Airline Traffic for the 2020 Period .............................................................................................................. 12 Primary Airlines in Alphabetical Order .......................................................................................................... 12 Subsidiary Airlines in Alphabetical Order ...................................................................................................... 18 Primary Airlines by Traffic ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chinatown and Urban Redevelopment: a Spatial Narrative of Race, Identity, and Urban Politics 1950 – 2000
    CHINATOWN AND URBAN REDEVELOPMENT: A SPATIAL NARRATIVE OF RACE, IDENTITY, AND URBAN POLITICS 1950 – 2000 BY CHUO LI DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Landscape Architecture in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor D. Fairchild Ruggles, Chair Professor Dianne Harris Associate Professor Martin Manalansan Associate Professor Faranak Miraftab Abstract The dissertation explores the intricate relations between landscape, race/ethnicity, and urban economy and politics in American Chinatowns. It focuses on the landscape changes and spatial struggles in the Chinatowns under the forces of urban redevelopment after WWII. As the world has entered into a global era in the second half of the twentieth century, the conditions of Chinatown have significantly changed due to the explosion of information and the blurring of racial and cultural boundaries. One major change has been the new agenda of urban land planning which increasingly prioritizes the rationality of capital accumulation. The different stages of urban redevelopment have in common the deliberate efforts to manipulate the land uses and spatial representations of Chinatown as part of the socio-cultural strategies of urban development. A central thread linking the dissertation’s chapters is the attempt to examine the contingent and often contradictory production and reproduction of socio-spatial forms in Chinatowns when the world is increasingly structured around the dynamics of economic and technological changes with the new forms of global and local activities. Late capitalism has dramatically altered city forms such that a new understanding of the role of ethnicity and race in the making of urban space is required.
    [Show full text]
  • The Guangzhou-Hongkong Strike, 1925-1926
    The Guangzhou-Hongkong Strike, 1925-1926 Hongkong Workers in an Anti-Imperialist Movement Robert JamesHorrocks Submitted in accordancewith the requirementsfor the degreeof PhD The University of Leeds Departmentof East Asian Studies October 1994 The candidateconfirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where referencehas been made to the work of others. 11 Abstract In this thesis, I study the Guangzhou-Hongkong strike of 1925-1926. My analysis differs from past studies' suggestions that the strike was a libertarian eruption of mass protest against British imperialism and the Hongkong Government, which, according to these studies, exploited and oppressed Chinese in Guangdong and Hongkong. I argue that a political party, the CCP, led, organised, and nurtured the strike. It centralised political power in its hands and tried to impose its revolutionary visions on those under its control. First, I describe how foreign trade enriched many people outside the state. I go on to describe how Chinese-run institutions governed Hongkong's increasingly settled non-elite Chinese population. I reject ideas that Hongkong's mixed-class unions exploited workers and suggest that revolutionaries failed to transform Hongkong society either before or during the strike. My thesis shows that the strike bureaucracy was an authoritarian power structure; the strike's unprecedented political demands reflected the CCP's revolutionary political platform, which was sometimes incompatible with the interests of Hongkong's unions. I suggestthat the revolutionary elite's goals were not identical to those of the unions it claimed to represent: Hongkong unions preserved their autonomy in the face of revolutionaries' attempts to control Hongkong workers.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2013 Yi-Ling Lin
    © 2013 Yi-ling Lin CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT IN MISSIONARY CHINA: AMERICAN MISSIONARY NOVELS 1880-1930 BY YI-LING LIN DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral committee: Professor Waïl S. Hassan, Chair Professor Emeritus Leon Chai, Director of Research Professor Emeritus Michael Palencia-Roth Associate Professor Robert Tierney Associate Professor Gar y G. Xu Associate Professor Rania Huntington, University of Wisconsin at Madison Abstract From a comparative standpoint, the American Protestant missionary enterprise in China was built on a paradox in cross-cultural encounters. In order to convert the Chinese—whose religion they rejected—American missionaries adopted strategies of assimilation (e.g. learning Chinese and associating with the Chinese) to facilitate their work. My dissertation explores how American Protestant missionaries negotiated the rejection-assimilation paradox involved in their missionary work and forged a cultural identification with China in their English novels set in China between the late Qing and 1930. I argue that the missionaries’ novelistic expression of that identification was influenced by many factors: their targeted audience, their motives, their work, and their perceptions of the missionary enterprise, cultural difference, and their own missionary identity. Hence, missionary novels may not necessarily be about conversion, the missionaries’ primary objective but one that suggests their resistance to Chinese culture, or at least its religion. Instead, the missionary novels I study culminate in a non-conversion theme that problematizes the possibility of cultural assimilation and identification over ineradicable racial and cultural differences.
    [Show full text]
  • Population and Development Review, Volume 24, Number 1
    POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW Ron Lesthaeghe On theory VOLUME 24 NUMBER 1 development and applications to the M A R C H 1 9 9 8 study of family formation Caroline Bledsoe, Fatoumatta Banja, and Allan G. Hill Reproductive mishaps and Western contraception: An African challenge to fertility theory Antonio Golini How low can fertility be? An empirical exploration Martin Brockerhoff and Ellen Brennan The poverty of cities in developing regions Notes and Commentary F.A.B. Meyerson on the Kyoto Protocol and the role of population Data and Perspectives A. Marcoux on the feminization of poverty Archives Sir James Steuart on the causes of human multiplication Book Reviews Review essay by E. van de Walle; reviews by J.C. Caldwell, J.C. Riley, D.I. Kertzer, E.A. Marcelli, C.M. Obermeyer, and others Documents UN world population projections to 2150; Climate change and the Kyoto agreement Population and Development Review seeks to advance knowledge of the interrelationships between population and socioeconomic development and provides a forum for discussion of related issues of public policy. EDITOR Paul Demeny MANAGING EDITOR Ethel P. Churchill EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Paul Demeny, Chair Geoffrey McNicoll Ethel P. Churchill Michael P. Todaro Susan Greenhalgh EDITORIAL STAFF Robert Heidel, Production Editor Y. Christina Tse, Production/Design Margaret A. Knoll, Circulation Sura Rosenthal / Heidi Neurauter, Production ADVISORY BOARD Ester Boserup Akin L. Mabogunje Gustavo Cabrera Milos˘ Macura John C. Caldwell Carmen A. Miró Mercedes B. Concepción Asok Mitra Richard A. Easterlin Samuel H. Preston Signed articles are the responsibility of the authors. Views expressed in the Review do not necessarily reflect the views of the Population Council.
    [Show full text]
  • Inspiring Chinese and Americans Through Education Since 1901
    Yale-China ASSOCIATION Biennial Report 2005-2007 Yale-China Association Inspiring Chinese and Americans through education since 1901 For more than a century, the Yale-China Association has promoted understanding between Chinese and American people through the medium of education. Our programs in health, law, American Studies, English language instruction, and community and public service bring life-changing experiences to thousands of people each year. Teaching and learning are the heart of our work. Some of the highlights of the period from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2007 include: • Supporting the development of China’s non-profit sector by organizing comparative work- shops in Beijing and Guangzhou on civil society in China and the United States. The work- shops provided the opportunity for learning and exchange among more than 80 individuals including sociologists, anthropologists, activists, and founders of charities. • Expanding our Scholarship Program to give financial support to 1,369 Chinese undergrad- uates from disadvantaged backgrounds at Central South University and Hunan University in Changsha, Hunan. As a part of the expansion, the program now includes enhancement activities that are designed to expand students’ understanding of the world outside the class- room, strengthen their practical skills, and equip them with the confidence to succeed in school and after graduation. • Broadening the horizons of more than 1,200 secondary and university students in China through English classes taught by Yale-China Teaching Fellows, including an expansion of the program to Xiuning Middle School in Anhui province. • Building upon our Chia Family Health Fellowship Program to create the Chia Community Health Service & Health Education Program, designed to address unmet health needs among vulnerable populations in Hunan province.
    [Show full text]
  • Also by Jung Chang
    Also by Jung Chang Empress Dowager Cixi: The Concubine Who Launched Modern China Mao: The Unknown Story (with Jon Halliday) Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China THIS IS A BORZOI BOOK PUBLISHED BY ALFRED A. KNOPF Copyright © 2019 by Globalflair Ltd. All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Penguin Random House LLC, New York. Originally published in hardcover in Great Britain by Jonathan Cape, an imprint of Vintage, a division of Penguin Random House Ltd., London, in 2019. www.aaknopf.com Knopf, Borzoi Books, and the colophon are registered trademarks of Penguin Random House LLC. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019943880 ISBN 9780451493507 (hardcover) ISBN 9780451493514 (ebook) ISBN 9780525657828 (open market) Ebook ISBN 9780451493514 Cover images: (The Soong sisters) Historic Collection / Alamy; (fabric) Chakkrit Wannapong / Alamy Cover design by Chip Kidd v5.4 a To my mother Contents Cover Also by Jung Chang Title Page Copyright Dedication List of Illustrations Map of China Introduction Part I: The Road to the Republic (1866–1911) 1 The Rise of the Father of China 2 Soong Charlie: A Methodist Preacher and a Secret Revolutionary Part II: The Sisters and Sun Yat-sen (1912–1925) 3 Ei-ling: A ‘Mighty Smart’ Young Lady 4 China Embarks on Democracy 5 The Marriages of Ei-ling and Ching-ling 6 To Become Mme Sun 7 ‘I wish to follow the example of my friend Lenin’ Part III: The Sisters and Chiang Kai-shek (1926–1936) 8 Shanghai Ladies 9 May-ling Meets the Generalissimo 10 Married to a Beleaguered
    [Show full text]
  • Green Guide - Taiwan Pdf
    FREE GREEN GUIDE - TAIWAN PDF Gwen Cannon,Florent Bonnefoy,Mark Caltonhill,Rick Charette,Brent Hannon,Linda Lee | 387 pages | 16 Apr 2011 | Michelin Apa Publications Ltd | 9781907099267 | English | London, United Kingdom Travel Guide Taipei - The Michelin Green Guide I have just returned to the United States, sadly, after spending a wonderful 6. During my time home, I was able to expand my Taiwanese horizons and visit many new places. One such place is Green Island. And that Green Guide - Taiwan indeed a fact. But as I soon learned, it is quite a feat to organize trips to both outlying islands off the coast of Taitung, Green and Orchid Islands. That is primarily what I am here to write about. But it is worth Green Guide - Taiwan stress and fight for transportation tickets and accommodations. The tiny island is beautiful and very laid back. Diving here is definitely world-class and pristine. It does not matter where you stand politically, I think this is such an important and integral part of the formation of modern Taiwan Green Guide - Taiwan it is a rare example of a place that so openly talks about it. And whats more, its free admission! There are a few ways to get to Green Island, all involve getting to Taitung first, each come with pros and cons and varying travel times, it is completely up to you how to get there. Mainly for air and train. Ferries tend to be more lax, you just call or Line message and book, no credit card of ID just name is needed, and if you no-show you no-show but its a Green Guide - Taiwan nonetheless to call and cancel.
    [Show full text]
  • Job Evaluation Model of Major Public Hospitals in China
    Job Evaluation Model of Major Public Hospitals in China SHU Xing Thesis submitted as partial requirement for the conferral of the degree of Doctor of Management Supervisor: Prof. Aristides Ferreira, Assistant Professor, ISCTE University Institute of Lisbon March, 2019 – Spine– SHU Xing SHU Job Evaluation Model of inJob Evaluation Public Hospitals Major China Job Evaluation Model of Major Public Hospitals in China SHU Xing Thesis submitted as partial requirement for the conferral of the degree of Doctor of Management Supervisor: Prof. Aristides Ferreira, Assistant Professor, ISCTE University Institute of Lisbon March, 2019 [This page is deliberately left blank.] [This page is deliberately left blank.] Abstract The current economic climate has contributed to an increasingly competitive environment among organizations. In order to ensure competitive advantage, they must be able to promote high levels of professional performance. This research is part of this theme and aims to analyze how the job characteristics, professional knowledge, skills, competencies, training and work engagement influence the job evaluation and, consequently, the performance of employees of six public hospitals, China. The sample consists of 546 subjects aged between 21 and 58 years (M = 37.9; SD = 8.73), with the majority being females (55.5%). For the collection of data, such scales were used as the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS), the Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Other Personal Characteristics Scale (KSAOS), the Competencies and Training Scale (CTS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). The results obtained show that the job characteristics, the professional knowledge, the skills, the training and the work engagement influence the job evaluation. It was also found that the male respondents, those belonging to the older age group, those with higher academic qualifications and those with higher positions present higher average performance in all dimensions under study.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Oral History Collections at Columbia: Toward Better Access1
    Journal of East Asian Libraries, No. 140, Oct. 2006 CHINESE ORAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS AT COLUMBIA: TOWARD BETTER ACCESS1 Chengzhi Wang Columbia University Introduction Source materials keep their scholarly value unabated with the passage of time. This is true of the Chinese Oral History collections at Columbia. Most of the collections were created, acquired in association with the Chinese Oral History Project undertaken about three decades ago, but they are still frequently inquired about and consulted by students and scholars researching modern China. All the original Chinese oral history collections are kept at the Rare Book and Manuscript Library (RBML) at Columbia. Some difficulties in accessing the collections from afar and at Columbia have been reported by new users. Among other problems, new users assume that records for these Chinese-language oral histories have been completely entered into CLIO (Columbia Libraries Information Online), Columbia’s online catalog, and converted to LC pinyin system, and so are searchable in CLIO, but in fact this is not true. Many authors and titles of the oral histories, if known, are not directly searchable. Some general titles of oral history projects are searchable, and the search results offer substantial useful information in great detail. Yet, few users would search CLIO using the correct general titles, and some specific personal papers and archives cannot be located this way.2 Moreover, it seems the Journal of East Asian Libraries and other library professional periodicals have not carried any articles focusing on this important oral history collection.3 The Chinese Oral History project at Columbia officially started in 1958 and ended in 1980.
    [Show full text]
  • Building the Protestant Church in Shandong, China Norman H
    Union is based on the following: 377 of the 691 groups in the 1993 ary Coordinating Council to All Western Missionary Organizations Directory work there, plus 148 (or approximately half of the 296 Interested in Spreading the Gospel in the Former Soviet Union:' groupsidentified since 1993), plus36SouthKorean groups (9church March 23, 1993, RM. and 27 parachurch), 12. Mark Elliott, "The Protestant Missionary Presence in the Former 3. Grigori Komendant, "Certainly: ' East-West Church and Ministry Soviet Union:' Religion, State,and Society 25, no. 4 (forthcoming). Report 4, no . I (Winter 1996): 2. 13. Anatoli Pchelintsev, interview by Anita Deyneka, July 1993, RM. 4. AlexanderSorokin."A RussianPerspectiveon the MissionaryMove­ 14. PaulSemenchuk, "WesternChristians Working in the CIS:Are They ment," East-West Church and Ministry Report 4, no. 1 (Winter 1996): in Tune with Russian Evangelical Nationals?" (paper prepared for 16. Trans World Radio, November 1994), p. 4. 5. E-mail from Brother Seraphim, December 1, 1996, Russian Minis­ 15. Grigori Komedant, interview by Peter Deyneka, October 1996, RM. tries files, Wheaton, Illinoi s (hereafter RM). 16. Semenchuk, "Western Christians Working in the CIS:' p. 2. 6. Michael Bourdeaux, ed., The Politics of Religion in Russiaand the New 17. Manfred Kohl, "Filling the Leadership Void in the Post Communist States of Euroasia (London: M. E. Sharpe, 1995), p. 117. Church," Contact 23, no. 1 (Spring 1994): 4-5. 7. Quoted in Miroslav Volf, "Fishing in the Neighbor's Pond: Mission 18. Anita Deyneka, "Freedom for All," Frontier, September-october and Proselytism in Eastern Europe:' International BulletinofMission­ 1996, p. 11. ary Research 20, no.
    [Show full text]
  • The Generalissimo
    the generalissimo ګ The Generalissimo Chiang Kai- shek and the Struggle for Modern China Jay Taylor the belknap press of harvard university press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, En gland 2009 .is Chiang Kai- shek’s surname ګ The character Copyright © 2009 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Taylor, Jay, 1931– The generalissimo : Chiang Kai- shek and the struggle for modern China / Jay Taylor.—1st. ed. â p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 674- 03338- 2 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Chiang, Kai- shek, 1887–1975. 2. Presidents—China— Biography. 3. Presidents—Taiwan—Biography. 4. China—History—Republic, 1912–1949. 5. Taiwan—History—1945– I. Title. II. Title: Chiang Kai- shek and the struggle for modern China. DS777.488.C5T39 2009 951.04′2092—dc22 [B]â 2008040492 To John Taylor, my son, editor, and best friend Contents List of Mapsâ ix Acknowledgmentsâ xi Note on Romanizationâ xiii Prologueâ 1 I Revolution 1. A Neo- Confucian Youthâ 7 2. The Northern Expedition and Civil Warâ 49 3. The Nanking Decadeâ 97 II War of Resistance 4. The Long War Beginsâ 141 5. Chiang and His American Alliesâ 194 6. The China Theaterâ 245 7. Yalta, Manchuria, and Postwar Strategyâ 296 III Civil War 8. Chimera of Victoryâ 339 9. The Great Failureâ 378 viii Contents IV The Island 10. Streams in the Desertâ 411 11. Managing the Protectorâ 454 12. Shifting Dynamicsâ 503 13. Nixon and the Last Yearsâ 547 Epilogueâ 589 Notesâ 597 Indexâ 699 Maps Republican China, 1928â 80–81 China, 1929â 87 Allied Retreat, First Burma Campaign, April–May 1942â 206 China, 1944â 293 Acknowledgments Extensive travel, interviews, and research in Taiwan and China over five years made this book possible.
    [Show full text]