The Rise of China PLSC 357/EAST 310/GLBL 309 Fall 2018: Mondays/Wednesdays 1:30-2:20

Daniel Mattingly Assistant Professor of Political Science Office: 405 Rosenkranz Hall Email: [email protected] Office Hours: Tuesdays 2 to 4. Please sign up on calendly.com/mattingly. Teaching Fellows: Christina Seyfried ([email protected]) James Sundquist ([email protected]) Yingqi (Ariel) Tang ([email protected]) Jiahua Yue ([email protected])

China’s rise on the world stage is arguably the most important geopolitical event of this century. How did a relatively poor nation become a prosperous and stable one? What implications does China’s increasing power have for the rest of the world? This course seeks to answer these questions, and serves as a broad introduction to Chinese politics. To understand the course of China’s economic and political rise, we begin with a chronological overview of China from the late Imperial era until the present day. Next, we consider the puzzle of how the country’s authoritarian system has remained resilient, at least so far. Finally, we will examine the consequences of China’s rise for the rest of the world. No knowledge of China or Chinese is assumed.

Required Texts We will make use of the following texts. The books are available on Amazon and the Yale Bookstore (and have been placed on 2 hour hold in Bass). The estimated price to buy all of them new is $104. However, electronic copies of the Yuan and Weiss books are available for free through the Yale Library and the Joseph book is available for rent for about $12 on Amazon. • Joseph, William A., ed. Politics in China: An Introduction (2nd Edition). Oxford University Press, 2014. ($43 on Amazon or $12 to rent) • Weiss, Jessica Chen. Powerful Patriots: Nationalist Protest in China's Foreign Relations. Oxford University Press, 2014. Available online through the Yale Library. ($34 or free online via the Yale Library) • Yuan, Gao. Born Red: A Chronicle of the Cultural Revolution. Stanford University Press, 1987. ($27 or free online via the Yale Library) Technology The use of laptops and tablets in lecture is discouraged. Studies, including randomized control trials, have shown that students who use laptops in class perform worse than students who take notes by hand. Worse yet, laptop use has a negative effect on the academic performance of people sitting next to laptop users. With this in mind, those who elect to use laptops are encouraged to sit in the last three rows. Section leaders will set their own policies.

Course Requirements The course will include a map quiz, two response papers, a midterm, and a take- home final.

• 5% - Map Quiz (September 17) • 20% - In-Class Midterm (on China’s history, October 3) • 15% - 1st Response Paper (on China’s domestic politics) • 15% - 2nd Response Paper (on China’s international relations) • 30% - Take-Home Final (due by December 19) • 15% - Participation

Short Response Papers Students will write 2 short response papers (3 to 4 pages double-spaced) that provide a critical analysis of 1 (or more) of the academic research papers assigned for the week the assignment is due. The teaching fellow will coordinate sign-ups for specific weeks. Response papers that are handed in late will be penalized a full letter grade per day, starting at the beginning of the section they are due.

Exams The midterm exam will be an in-class 50-minute test that will cover material in Parts I and II. The final will be an open-book, take-home exam. It will be available between December 13 and December 19. You will have a set amount of time to complete the exam after you download it (likely to be 5 hours). You’ll also be given an extra half hour to check your work and read over the exam as the University’s academic regulations suggest. You’ll lose 1 point off your exam for every 10 minutes late you turn it in.

Grading Please bring arithmetic errors in grading to our attention immediately. Otherwise, grades are final. The midterm, final, and response papers will not be regraded.

Late Assignments Dean’s excuses are required for any response paper extension and for a missed midterm or final. Please see above for specific penalties.

Academic Honesty Academic dishonesty of any kind is a serious offense. Students who plagiarize will automatically be reported to the Yale College Executive Committee and will receive a grade of zero for the assignment. A second offense will also be reported to the Executive Committee and will automatically result in a grade of F for the course. Please take note of the following from the Yale Center for Teaching and Learning: “You must document all of your source material. If you take any text from somebody else, you must make it clear the text is being quoted and where the t comes from. You must also cite any sources from which you obtain numbers, ideas, or other material. If you have any questions about what does or does not constitute plagiarism, ask! Plagiarism is a serious offense and will not be treated lightly. Fortunately, it is also easy to avoid and if you are the least bit careful about giving credit where credit is due you should not run into any problems.” Visit: http://ctl.yale.edu/writing/using-sources for more details.

Course Readings Required readings are marked with a Ÿ symbol. Optional readings, which are not required in any way, are marked with a ◦ symbol.

I. Introduction

August 29: Introduction to the Rise of China

• Politics in China, pp. 1-18. • Svolik, Milan W. 2013. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chapter 1, pp. 1-18.

August 31: NO LECTURE

II. Historical Overview: How Did China Go from Poor to Prosperous?

September 5: The Last Golden Age (China Until 1839)

• Confucius, The Analects, Books 1, 12-13. Translation by Robert Eno. You may wish to consult other translations as well. • Daniel Bell, “The Chinese Confucian Party?” Toronto Globe and Mail. February 19, 2010. • Shang Yang, The Book of Lord Shang, Chapter 8. • David K. Schneider, “China's Legalist Revival.” The National Interest. April 20, 2016. o Optional: Osnos, Evan. 2014. “Confucius Comes Home.” The New Yorker. http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2014/01/13/140113fa_fact_osnos

September 10: The Fall of the Qing (1839-1911)

• Politics in China, Chapter 2, p. 41-53. • Wang, Zheng. Never Forget National Humiliation: Historical Memory in Chinese Politics and Foreign Relations. Columbia University Press, 2014. “Chapter 2: Chosen Glory, Chosen Trauma.”

September 12: The Republican Era (1911-1949)

• Politics in China, Chapter 2, p. 53-69. • Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The Communist Manifesto. Chapter 1. • Zhao Suisheng. A Nation-State By Construction: Dynamics of Modern Chinese Nationalism. “Chapter 3: Building a Chinese Nation-State.” o Optional: Spence, Jonathan D. The search for modern China. WW Norton & Company, 1990, Parts III & IV.

September 17: The Mao Era I (1949-1966) MAP QUIZ

• Politics in China, Chapter 3, p. 72-116. • Mao Zedong. “On the People's Democratic Dictatorship.” 30 June 1949. o Optional: Yang Jisheng. Tombstone: The Great Chinese Famine, 1958- 1962. Macmillan, 2012. “Introduction: An Everlasting Tombstone” o Optional: Mao Zedong. “On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People.”

September 19: The Mao Era II (1966-1978)

• Gao Yuan, Born Red: A Chronicle of the Cultural Revolution. Suitable for response paper. o Optional: MacFarquhar, Roderick, and Michael Schoenhals. Mao's Last Revolution. Harvard University Press, 2009.

September 24: Reform and Opening Begins (1978-1989)

• Politics in China, Chapter 4, p. 119-129. • Ang, Yuen Yuen. 2016. How China Escaped the Poverty Trap. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Introduction, Chapter 1. Suitable for response paper. o Optional: Deng Xiaoping. 16 September 1978. “Hold High the Banner of Mao Zedong Thought and Adhere to the Principle of Seeking Truth From Facts."

September 26: The 1989 Prodemocracy Movement

• Politics in China, Chapter 4, p. 129-138. • Zhao, Dingxin. "Ecologies of Social Movements: Student Mobilization during the 1989 Prodemocracy Movement in Beijing." American Journal of Sociology 103.6 (1998): 1493-1529. Suitable for response paper. o Optional: Documentary: Gate of Heavenly Peace. o Optional: Nathan, Andrew J. 2001. “The Tiananmen Papers." Foreign Affairs 80(1): p. 2-48. o Optional: Louisa Lim, The People's Republic of Amnesia: Tiananmen Revisited, Chapter 1.

October 1: The Path to Xi Jinping (1989-Present)

• Politics in China, Chapter 4, p. 138-144. • Evan Osnos. “Born Red.” The New Yorker. April 6, 2015. o Optional: Andrew Nathan. “China: The Struggle At the Top” New York Review of Books. February 9, 2017. http://www.chinafile.com/library/nyrb-china-archive/china-struggle-top

October 3: In-Class Midterm Exam

III. Domestic Politics: What Explains the Resilience of the CCP?

October 8: Political Ideology

• Politics in China, Chapter 5; p. 149-62 and 177-188. • Perry, Elizabeth J. “The populist dream of Chinese democracy.” The Journal of Asian Studies 74.4 (2015): 903-915. Suitable for response paper. • Taisu Zhang. “What It Means to Be ‘Liberal’ or ‘Conservative’ in China.” Foreign Policy. April 24, 2015. o Optional: Xu Zhangrun, “Imminent Fears, Immediate Hopes.” Circulated online. Translated by Geremie R. Barmé. o Optional: Jiang Shigong: “Philosophy and History: Interpreting the ‘Xi Jinping Era’ through Xi’s Report to the Nineteenth National Congress of the CCP” Open Times (开放时代). January 2018. Translation by David Ownby. o Optional: “Charter 08.” Available at http://www.cecc.gov/resources/legal- provisions/charter-08-chinese-and-english-text

October 10: Political Institutions

• Politics in China, Chapter 6, p. 192-221. • Boittin, Margaret, Greg Distelhorst, and Francis Fukuyama. “Reassessing the Quality of Government in China.” (2016). Unpublished paper. Stanford University. Suitable for response paper. o Optional: Nathan, Andrew J. 2003. “Authoritarian Resilience.” Journal of Democracy 14(1): p. 6-17. o Optional: Minxin Pei, “Introduction,” in China’s Crony Capitalism. Harvard University Press 2016. o Optional: Constitution of China o Optional: McGregor, Richard. The Party: The Secret World of China's Communist Rulers. Penguin UK, 2010. Chapter 3.

October 15: The View from Inside the State

• The Chinese Mayor, Directed by Zhou Hao. Beginning shown in class. • Iza Ding. “Seeing Like a State: The Art of Face Work.” Unpublished book chapter. University of Pittsburgh. Suitable for response paper.

October 22: Managing Elites

• Lauren Hilgers, “The Unraveling of Bo Xilai,” Harper’s Magazine. March 2013. • Joseph Fewsmith. “The 19th Party Congress: Ringing in Xi Jinping’s New Age.” China Leadership Monitor. • Andrew Nathan. “China: Back to the Future.” New York Review of Books. May 10, 2018. o Optional: David Barboza. “Billions in Hidden Riches for Family of Chinese Leader.” The New York Times. October 25, 2012. o Optional: Osnos, Evan. “China's Crisis.” The New Yorker. 30 April 2012. o Optional: Examine this visualization of China’s leading small groups: https://www.merics.org/en/merics-analysis/infographicchina-mapping/the- whos-who-of-chinas-leading-small-groups/ o Optional: Examine the Connected China project at Reuters: http://connectedchina.reuters.com/ o Optional: Examine the anti-corruption campaign at visualization at ChinaFile: https://anticorruption.chinafile.com/ o Optional: Shih, Victor, Christopher Adolph, and Mingxing Liu. 2012. "Getting Ahead in the Communist Party: Explaining the Advancement of Central Committee Members in China." American Political Science Review 106.01: 166-187.

October 24: Managing the Masses

• Diana Fu. “Disguised collective action in China.” Comparative Political Studies 50.4 (2017): 499-527. Suitable for response paper. • Yuyu Chen and David Y. Yang. “The Impact of Media Censorship: 1984 or Brave New World?” Unpublished working paper. Suitable for response paper. • Ian Johnson. “China’s Great Uprooting: Moving 250 Million Into Cities.” New York Times. June 15, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/16/world/asia/chinas-great-uprooting- moving-250-million-into-cities.html?pagewanted=all o Optional: Lorentzen, Peter. "Designing Contentious Politics in Post-1989 China." Modern China (2017): 0097700416688895. o Optional: King, Gary, Jennifer Pan, and Margaret E. Roberts. "How censorship in China allows government criticism but silences collective expression." American Political Science Review 107.02 (2013): 326-343. o Optional: Deng, Yanhua, and Kevin J. O'Brien. "Relational repression in China: using social ties to demobilize protesters." The China Quarterly 215 (2013): 533-552. o Optional: Perry, Elizabeth J. "A new rights consciousness?" Journal of Democracy 20.3 (2009): 17-20. o Optional: Lorentzen, Peter L. "Regularizing rioting: Permitting public protest in an authoritarian regime." Quarterly Journal of Political Science 8.2 (2013): 127-158.

October 29: Managing the Economy

• Ling Chen. “Varieties of global capital and the paradox of local upgrading in China.” Politics & Society 42.2 (2014): 223-252. Suitable for response paper. • Regina M. Abrami, William C. Kirby, and F. Warren McFarlan. “Why China Can’t Innovate.” Harvard Business Review. March 2014. • James Kynge. “The US Cannot Halt China’s March to Global Tech Supremacy.” Financial Times. August 23, 2018. • Read up on Made in China 2025 on SupChina. https://supchina.com/2018/06/28/made-in-china-2025/ o Suggested but not required: Politics in China, Chapter 8. o Optional: Chao Deng and Lingling Wei “China’s Effort to Control Debt Loses Steam,” Wall Street Journal. July 12, 2018. https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinas-effort-to-control-debt-loses-steam- 1531410115

October 31: Managing the Periphery

• Harris, Lillian Craig. “Xinjiang, Central Asia and the implications for China's policy in the Islamic world.” The China Quarterly 133 (1993): 111- 129. Suitable for response paper. • Eve Dou, Jeremy Page, and Josh Chin. “China’s Uighur Camps Swell as Beijing Widens the Dragnet.” Wall Street Journal. August 17, 2018. https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinas-uighur-camps-swell-as-beijing- widens-the-dragnet-1534534894 • “What Mainlanders read when they read about Hong Kong.” The Beijing Daily. Translated by James Sundquist. • Suggested but not required: Politics in China, Chapters 15, 16, 17 or 18.

IV. International Relations: What Does China’s Rise Mean for the World?

November 5: The Debate Over China’s Rise

• Zbigniew Brzezinski and John J. Mearsheimer, “Clash of the Titans,” Foreign Policy, January/February 2005. Suitable for response paper in conjunction with the other readings for this lecture. • Zheng Bijian. “China's ‘peaceful rise’ to great-power status.” Foreign Affairs. 2005): 18-24. Suitable for response paper in conjunction with the other readings for this lecture. • Graham Allison, “The Thucydides Trap: Are the U.S. and China Headed for War?” The Atlantic. September 2015. Suitable for response paper in conjunction with the other readings for this lecture. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/09/united-states- china-war-thucydides-trap/406756/ • Arthur Waldron, “There is no Thucydides Trap.” http://supchina.com/2017/06/12/no-thucydides-trap/ Suitable for response paper in conjunction with the other readings for this lecture. o Optional: Richard Fontaine and Mira Rapp-Hooper. “How China Sees the World Order.” The National Interest.

November 7: The Military

• Fravel, M. Taylor. “Shifts in Warfare and Party Unity: Explaining China's Changes in Military Strategy.” International Security 42.3 (2018): 37-83. Suitable for response paper. • Jane’s. China’s Advanced Weapons Systems. Executive Summary. • U.S. Department of Defense. Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2017. pp. i-iii, 1-10, 18-23. • Browse http://chinapower.csis.org/military/ o Optional: “White Papers: China’s Military Strategy,” People’s Republic of China Ministry of National Defense, May 2015. o Optional: Cunningham, Fiona S., and M. Taylor Fravel. "Assuring Assured Retaliation: China's Nuclear Posture and US-China Strategic Stability." International Security 40.2 (2015): 7-50.

November 12: Nationalism

• Jessica Chen Weiss, Powerful Patriots, Chapters 1-2, 4- 6, Chapters 8-9 Suitable for response paper. o Optional: Johnston, Alastair Iain. "Is Chinese Nationalism Rising? Evidence from Beijing." International Security 41.3 (2017): 7-43.

November 14: Territorial Disputes

• Weiss book (please see above for chapter selections.) • U.S. Department of Defense. Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2018, pages 11-17. o Optional: Fravel, M. Taylor. "China's strategy in the South China Sea." Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Journal of International and Strategic Affairs 33.3 (2011): 292-319. o Optional: Fravel, M. Taylor. "Regime insecurity and international cooperation: Explaining China's compromises in territorial disputes." International Security 30.2 (2005): 46-83

November 26: Climate Change and Global Governance

• Thomas Christensen, “Global Governance: The Biggest Challenge of All,” in The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power (2016), p. 115-165. Suitable for response paper. • Geoff Dembicki. “The Convenient Disappearance of Climate Change Denial in China.” Foreign Policy. May 31, 2017. • Chris Buckley. “China’s Role in Climate Change, and Possibly in Fighting It.” New York Times. o Optional: Harrison, Tom, and Genia Kostka. “Balancing priorities, aligning interests: Developing mitigation capacity in China and India.” Comparative Political Studies 47.3 (2014): 450-480.

November 28: Trade and Investment

• Irene Yuan Sun. The Next Factory of the World. Harvard Business Review Press. 2017. Excerpts. Suitable for response paper. • Ching Kwan Lee. “The Spectre of Global China.” New Left Review 89 September/October 2014. Suitable for response paper. • Michael D. Swaine. “Chinese Views and Commentary on the ‘One Belt, One Road’ Initiative.” China Leadership Monitor. • Maria Abi-Habib. “How China Got Sri Lanka to Cough Up a Port.” The New York Times. June 25, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/25/world/asia/china-sri-lanka- port.html o Optional: Deborah Brautigam, “Africa’s Eastern Promise,” Foreign Affairs, January 5, 2010.

December 3: The U.S.-China Economic Relationship

• Autor, David H., David Dorn, and Gordon H. Hanson. "The China shock: Learning from labor-market adjustment to large changes in trade." Annual Review of Economics 8 (2016): 205-240. Suitable for response paper. • Keith Bradsher and Steven Lee Myers. “Trump’s Trade War Is Rattling China’s Leaders,” New York Times. August 14, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/14/world/asia/china-trade-war-trump- xi-jinping-.html

V. Conclusion

December 5: The Future of China and the World

• Kurt M. Campbell and Ely Ratner. “The China Reckoning: How Beijing Defied American Expectations.” Foreign Affairs. March/April 2018 Issue. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2018-02-13/china- reckoning Suitable for response paper in conjunction with readings below. • Wang Jisi, et al. “Did America Get China Wrong? The Engagement Debate.” Foreign Affairs. July/August 2018 Issue. • David Shambaugh. “The Coming Chinese Crackup.” The Wall Street Journal. March 2015. • Eric X. Li. “Why China's Political Model Is Superior.” The New York Times. M o Optional: Yan Xuetong interview. “Push for Independence in Taiwan Would Be the Biggest Crisis in the Future for China-US Relations.” Reference Material. Translation by David Bandurski. http://chinamediaproject.org/2018/06/26/yan-xuetong-on-the-bipolar- state-of-our-world/

December 19: Take Home Final due by 11:59 p.m. (Available December 13.)