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The Impact of the Nigerian Army on the Development of Sports in Nigeria

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The Impact of the Nigerian Army on the Development of Sports in Nigeria THE IMPACT OF THE NIGERIAN ARMY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS IN NIGERIA BY BASHIR SHEHU AHMED DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA FEBRUARY, 2015 1 THE IMPACT OF THE NAGERIAN ARMY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS IN NIGERIA BY BASHIR SHEHU AHMED M.Sc/EDUC/58949/2005 – 06 M.Sc/EDUC/9542/2009 - 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.Sc) IN SPORTS MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA - NIGERIA. FEBRUARY, 2015 2 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis has been written by me and that it is a record of my own research work. It has not been presented in any previous application for higher degree. All quotations are indicated and sources of information specifically acknowledged by means of references Signature……………………….. Date…………………………. Bashir Shehu Ahmed 3 CERTIFICATION This thesis THE IMPACT OF THE NIGERIAN ARMY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS IN NIGERIA by Bashir Shehu Ahmed meets the regulations governing the award of the Degree of Masters of Science in Sports Management of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation. _______________________________ _________________________ Prof. A.I. Kabido Date Chairman, Supervisory Committee _______________________________ __________________________ Prof. K. Venkateswarlu Date Member, Supervisory Committee _____________________________ _________________________ Prof. (Mrs) T .N. Ogwu Date Head of Department ______________________________ __________________________ Prof. Z. Hassan Date Dean, Postgraduate School 4 DEDICATION With a heavy heart, I sincerely dedicate this work to my cherished Father, Mother and Step Father (the late Alhaji and Hajiya Aishatu Yahaya Shehu), who untimely all answered the devine call of the Most High God when their families and friends needed them most, Ameen 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To God be the glory for the great things he has done. The researcher wishes to acknowledge the contributions of his major supervisor, Prof. A.I. Kabido, for his professional input in this study, as well as providing relevant materials used. He is also grateful to his second supervisor, Prof. K. Venkateswarlu, for his wonderful assistance and readiness to help at every state of the work. Others worthy of acknowledgment are Prof. B.A. Ladani, Dr. E.A. Gunem and Dr. B.W. Zamani for their kind and overwhelming assistance in this study. He is also grateful to Prof. M.A. Chado, Prof. (Mrs) F.B. Adeyanju, Prof. C.E. Dikki, Prof. M. Balarabe, Prof. JA Gwani and Prof. AA Balarabe for their assistance. He is grateful to his friends: Dr Aliyu Madaki, Malam Shuaibu Bashir and Mr. Uchenna Francis Chidiobi who not only encouraged him but generously took care of him many times. His immediate family members were just incredible. Firstly, to his dear wife, MalamaAminat Bashir Jaafar, whose support encouraged him to complete the research work, to his brother, Alhaji Ahmed Shehu (Yaro), for all he did for his family in general and for him in particular. He is also indebted to his children, cousins, office members and others too numerous to mention. 6 ABSTRACT The Nigerian Army have been deeply involved in the development of sports in Nigeria. However it s clear the kink and degree the impact that Nigerian Army have on the development of sports. This study was therefore, conducted to find out the impact of the Nigerian Army in the development of sports in Nigeria. For the purpose of this study, the impact was examined in terms of sports programme, sports facilities, sports personnel, sports competitions and funding. A self – developed and validated questionnaire on the impact of the Nigerian Army was administered to 254 randomly selected respondents with different ranks from the Nigerian Army Directors Physical Training. The result of the study shows that the Nigerian Army had a significant impact on the development of sports training programme, sports facilities and equipment, sports personnel, sports competitions and funding of sports in Nigeria. It is thus recommended that special units and formations that will be responsible for sports development should be created in the Nigerian Army. Athletes and coaches should be recruited by the Nigerian Army to boost its sports engagement in the future. In addition, the Nigerian Army should organize more training and competitions programmes to have a significant impact on the development of sports in Nigeria. 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title page …………………………………………………………………..…..i-ii Dedication ………………………………………………………………….…..iii Certification ……………………………………………………………………iv Dedication ………………………………………………………………………v Acknowledgment ………………………………………………………..…….vi Abstract …………………………………………………………………..……vii Table of contain ………………………………………………………………viii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study ………………………………………………..1 1.2 Statement of the Problems ………………………………………………5 1.3 Research Question ……………………………………………………….6 1.4 Purpose of the Study ……………………………………………………. 6 1.5 basic Assumption………………………………………………………….7 1.6 Hypothesis………………………………………………………………… 7 1.7 Significant of the Study …………………………………………………...8 1.8 Delimitation…………………………………………………………..…….8 1.9 Limitation………………………………………………………………….9 8 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Introduction.... …………………....…………………………………….10 2.2 A brief history of Nigerian Military……………………………………10 2.3 The impact of Armed Forces on the Development of sports in Nigeria…...............…....…………………………………………….….22 2.4 The impacts of Armed Forces on the development of sports Facilities and equipment…...……………….……………………………..……....25 2.5 The impacts of Armed Forces on the development of sports qualified personnel for Nigeria………….……………………….……............…..26 2.6 The impacts of Armed Forces on the organization of competitive sports in Nigeria ……………………………………………………..………...…27 2.7 The impacts of Armed Forces on the funding of sports in Nigeria …………………………………. ...................………….…..…..28 2.8 Summary………………………………...…………………….…….…...29 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………30 3.2 Research Design…………………………………………………………….30 3.3 Population of the Study ……………………………………………………..31 3.4 Sample and Sampling Procedure…………………………………………….31 3.5 Instrument of Data Collection ……………………………………………….32 3.6 Validation of the Instrument………………………………………………….33 3.7 Procedure for data Collection………………………………………………...33 3.8 Procedure for Data Analysis …………………………………………………34 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULT AND DISCUSSION 9 4.1 Introduction ……….........…………………………………………………….35 4.2 Result…………………………………………………………………………35 4.3 Discussion …………………………………………………………...………54 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS • Summary……………………………………………..............…………….… …57 5.1 Introduction…………………………….…………………………………., .57 5.2 Summary... …………………………………………………………………58 5.3 Conclusion……………………………………………………………….….59 5.4 Recommendation……………………………………………………………..59 REFERENCES………………………………….………………………….……….60 Appendix I (Research question)…………………...…………………………………63 Appendix II (Research Result of statistical analysis of data)……………………....………………..65 10 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study The history and development of physical education in Nigeria will be incomplete without including the role the Nigeria Army had played in the development and promotion of sports in this country. The Nigerian Army is structures for the coordination of activities meant to ensure victory on the battle field. Today, these structures have taken the form of the permanent establishment to maintain peace and security in the eventuality of armed conflicts that are managed by professional military personnel (Akintunde, 2001). It is a popular saying that, “To be at peace we must prepare for war” In view of the above, each country the world over has a military establishment to avoid external and internal aggression and suppress internal conflict, (Ladani, 1988). Apart from performing its roles, the Nigerian Army also assist in promoting sports generally in the country, by organizing its own sports competitions. In the same way, the Police, Prisons, Immigration and other Para-military structures have their sporting competitions. The Nigerian Army developed interest in sports right from the time they started taking part in the Empire Day Celebrations. That happened after the amalgamation of the Southern and Northern Protectorate in 1914 by Lord Luguard. The Nigerian Army then became fully involved in organized competitive sports. Sports have been found to be one of the most important avenues for the maintenance of physical fitness as the Physical Training Corps motto indicates: “Men Sana In Corpore Sano sounds mind in a sound body” (Butcher, 1979). One of the basic aims of sporting activities in the Nigerian Army is to supply the country with sportsmen and women for international sports competitions and maintain a physically fit and healthy condition. The modern Nigeria Army has one of the objectives in its sports 11 revolution the maintenance of healthy rivalry among troops for physical fitness (Uchenna, 2010). History has shown that what could be regarded as the Nigerian Army or Military sports festival started as far as back as 1924 when regimental sports were held in Kaduna between 10th and 14th of November of that year. Another tournament was held along with this competition for soldiers with disabilities in which five
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