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Sol Spiegelman, a Pioneer in Molecular Biology
They Wand 0SS tk Slmsldera of Giants: Sol S@egelman, a Piomer in l$lokcular Biology Number 21 May 23,1983 Science in our century has been Indeed, it is upon his widely acclaimed marked by tremendous upheavals in un- discoveries that much of the framework derstanding, brought about by momen- of the discipline now rests. Sol was still tous discoveries and extraordinary pe~ deeply involved in a number of projects ple. One such upheaval has occurred in when, tragically, he died following a biology. It began in the 1930s, when a brief illness on January 21, 1983.2 This new field, molecular biology, was born essay is dedicated to his memory, and to of the synthesis of five distinct disci- the surviving members of his family: hw plines: physical chemistry, crystallogra- wife, Helen; his daughter, Marjorie; and phy, genetics, microbiology, and bio- hk sons, Willard and George. chemistry.1 I deeply regret that Sol did not have Molecular biologists try to explain the opportunity to read this long biological phenomena at the molecular overdue discussion of his work. I had level. By the mid-twentieth century, planned to do this as part of our series of they had settled several problems that essays on various awards in science—in plagued previous generations of biolo- particular, the Feltnnelfi prize, men- gists. For instance, proteins and nucleic tioned later. Sol was one of the true acids had been known since the nine- giants of modem science. So it is with a teenth century to be very large mole- mixed sense of pain and gratitude that I cules, each consisting of long chains of use thk opportunity to pay tribute to a subunits—amino acids in the case of man whose genius was unique. -
National Academy of Sciences Annual Meeting
National Academy of Sciences Annual Meeting The 107th Annual Meeting of the National Academy of Sciences was held on April 27-29, 1970, in Washington, D.C. Academy Awards were presented at a ceremony held in the Great Hall on Monday evening. The presentation was followed by an informal reception for members and their guests in honor of the award recipients. At the Academy Dinner on Tuesday night, Barnaby C. Keeney, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, was the guest speaker. Scientific sessions were comprised of symposia, sessions of in- vited papers, and contributed papers. Abstracts of contributed papers and groups of invited papers appear in this issue. PRESENTATION OF ACADEMY AWARDS George P. Merrill Award KLAUS KEIL, University of New Mexico National Academy of Sciences Award in Microbiology EARL REECE STADTMAN, National Heart and Lung Institute U.S. Steel Foundation Award in Molecular Biology ARMIN DALE KAISER, Stanford University Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal THOMAS FRANCIS, JR. (Posthumous presentation), University of Michigan Mary Clark Thompson Medal RAYMOND CECIL MOORE, University of Kansas J. Lawrence Smith Medal EDWARD PORTER HENDERSON, Smithsonian Institution Downloaded by guest on September 27, 2021 222 N. A. S. ANNUAL MEETING 1970 PROC. N. A. S. Monday Morning: SYMPOSIUM ON THE CRISIS IN FEDERAL FUNDING OF SCIENCE CURRENT PROBLEMS Moderator: HARVEY BROOKS Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts WILLIAM G. ANLYAN, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina HERBERT E. CARTER, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois CARL M. YORK, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, D. C. VICTOR F. WEISSKOPF, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts YARON EzRAHI, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts FUTURE COURSES Moderator: EMANUEL R. -
History of the Department of Microbiology 1868 – 2009
June 2015 HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY 1868 – 2009 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1 A HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY 1868 – 2009 This 141 year history of the Department of Microbiology includes an article (Chapter 1), written and published in 1959 by the Department, which covers the period 1868 to 1959. I joined the Department in 1953, and my recounting of the Department’s history includes personal observations as well as anecdotes told to me by H. O. Halvorson and others. Later I realized what a unique experience it had been to join a first-class department, and I resolved to play a role in maintaining its research stature. Ralph Wolfe 2 Department of Microbiology History of the Headship: 1950 – 1959 Halvor Halvorson 1960 – 1963 Kim Atwood 1963 – 1972 Leon Campbell 1972 – 1982 Ralph DeMoss 1982 – 1987 Samuel Kaplan 1987 – 1990 Jordan Konisky 1990 – 1991 Ralph Wolfe (Acting Head) 1991 – 1997 Charles Miller 1997 – 2002 John Cronan 2003 – 2004 Jeffrey Gardner (Acting Head) 2005 – Present John Cronan 3 Organization of the History of the Department In Chapters 2 to 6 the data are divided into Academic Decades, each containing the following sections: Section I, an overview of the decade; Section II, some events for each year of the decade; Section III, a summary of the research interests, honors received, publications, and invited off-campus lectures or seminars for each faculty member. These data have been obtained from the annual reports of the faculty submitted to the departmental secretary. 4 CHAPTER 1 1868 – 1959 During this time period the name of the Department was Department of Bacteriology (Anecdotes by Ralph Wolfe) A SHORT HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BACTERIOLOGY H. -
Bringing RNA Into View: RNA and Its Roles in Biology. INSTITUTION Biological Sciences Curriculum Study, Colorado Springs
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 468 800 SE 064 476 AUTHOR Atkins, John F.; Ellington, Andrew; Friedman, B. Ellen; Gesteland, Raymond F.; Noller, Harry F.; Pasquale, Stephen M.; Storey, Richard D.; Uhlenbeck, Olke C.; Weiner, Alan M. TITLE Bringing RNA into View: RNA and Its Roles in Biology. INSTITUTION Biological Sciences Curriculum Study, Colorado Springs. SPONS AGENCY National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA. PUB DATE 2000-00-00 NOTE 194p. CONTRACT NSF-9652921 AVAILABLE FROM BSCS, Pikes Peak Research Park, 5415 Mark Dabling Blvd., Colorado Springs, CO 80918-3842. Tel: 719-531-5550; Web site: http://www.bscs.org. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Learner (051) Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC08 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Science Activities; Biology; *Genetics; Higher Education; *Instructional Materials; *RNA; Science Instruction ABSTRACT This guide presents a module for college students on ribonucleic acid (RNA) and its role in biology. The module aims to integrate the latest research and its findings into college-level biology and provide an opportunity for students to understand biological processes. Four activities are presented: (1) "RNA Structure:- Tapes to Shapes"; (2) "RNA Catalysis"; (3) "RNA and Evolution"; and (4)"RNA Evolution in Health and Disease." (Contains 28 references.) (YDS) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 00 00 7I- r21 4-1 T COPYAVAILABL U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS CENTER (ERIC) BEEN GRANTED BY This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization hating it. -
David Ledbetter Nanney Papers Finding
Special Collections and University Archives UMass Amherst Libraries David Ledbetter Nanney Papers Digital 1946-2008 13 boxes (6.5 linear ft.) Call no.: MS 592 About SCUA SCUA home Credo digital Scope Overview Series 1. Correspondence Series 2. Teaching and Writing Inventory Series 1. Correspondence Series 2. Teaching and Writing Admin info Download xml version print version (pdf) Read collection overview The experimental ciliatologist David L. Nanney spent much of his career studying the protozoan Tetrahymena. Under Tracy M. Sonneborn at Indiana University, he completed a dissertation in 1951 on the mating habits of Paramecium, but soon after joining the faculty at the University of Michigan, he turned his attention to Tetrahymena. During his subsequent career in Ann Arbor (1951-1959) and at the University of Illinois (1959-1991), Nanney made a series of fundamental contributions to the cytology, genetics, developmental biology, and evolution of ciliates, influencing the work of other biologists such as Joe Frankel, Janina Kaczanowska, Linda Hufnagel, and Nicola Ricci. Since his retirement in 1991, Nanney has remained in Urbana. The Nanney Papers include a dense run of professional correspondence with ciliatologists, geneticists, students and colleagues regarding his pioneering research on ciliates and other professional matters. Of particular note is an extensive correspondence with Sonneborn, accompanied by several biographical essays written after Sonneborn's death, and a large body of correspondence of the controversial reorganization of the biological sciences departments at the University of Illinois in the 1970s. The collection also includes a selection of Nanney's writings and a handful of photographs. See similar SCUA collections: Protistology Science and technology Background on David L. -
Theᅡᅠinvention of DNA¬タモRNA Hybridizat
Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 53 (2015) 40e52 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/shpsc Not just “a clever way to detect whether DNA really made RNA”1: The invention of DNAeRNA hybridization and its outcome Susie Fisher The Department of Natural Sciences, The Biological Thought Program, The Open University of Israel, Israel article info abstract Article history: The invention of DNAeRNA hybridization in 1960 by Ben Hall and Sol Spiegelman had a powerful impact Received 24 July 2014 on the theory and discourse of molecular biology. Yet, despite its importance, the story of this invention Received in revised form has barely been told. Hybridization allowed biologists to bridge the theoretical realm and the material 25 June 2015 world of organisms, to correlate a hypothetical concept of biological information transfer with a Available online 25 July 2015 mechanism capable of making an RNA copy of DNA. During the early 1960s, Spiegelman and coworkers employed hybridization to investigate the origin of RNAs found in cells. They operationally defined Keywords: messenger RNA and elucidated several aspects of genome organization. For Spiegelman, this was the Complementarity DNAeRNA hybridization culmination of his longstanding interest in the mechanism of enzyme/protein synthesis; for Hall, it was Sol Spiegelman the beginning of a successful career in genetics. Other scientists immediately recognized the power of the Template technique and introduced improvements. In 1965, Gillespie and Spiegelman combined several modifi- cations and described a procedure for hybridization that became standard. -
Foundations of Biophysics and Structural Biology [GMS by 760]
Foundations of Biophysics And Structural Biology [GMS BY 760] Course Director: David Atkinson Ph.D. Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, Research Professor of Biochemistry Lecturers: Christopher W. Akey Ph.D. Professor of Physiology and Biophysics Olga Gursky Ph.D. Associate Professor of Physiology and Biophysics C. James McKnight Ph.D. Associate Professor of Physiology and Biophysics Michael Rynkiewicz Ph.D. Senior Research Associate in Physiology and Biophysics 1 COURSE INTRODUCTION ( David Atkinson Ph.D.) Lecture I. COURSE OVERVIEW Aims and organization, introduction to faculty, examinations, text books etc. MACROMOLECULAR CONFORMATION AND THE PRINCIPLES OF SYMMETRY Principles of symmetry, symmetry operations, point groups and space groups FOURIER TRANSFORMS (David Atkinson Ph.D.) Lecture I. FOURIER THEORY AND APPLICATION Waves, Fourier series. Fourier and inverse Fourier Transforms. 2 X-RAY DIFFRACTION, SCATTERING AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (Lectures I-III, David Atkinson Ph.D.,) (Lectures IV-VII. Michael Rynkiewicz Ph.D.) Lecture I. GEOMETRICAL DIFFRACTION Lattices, Unit Cells, Crystal Systems, Bragg’s Law, the Reciprocal Lattice, Space Groups, von Laue Conditions, Ewald sphere, Lecture II. FOURIER ANALYSIS Convolution and Correlation. Importance in structural biophysics. Lecture III. FOURIER ANALYSIS OF X-RAY SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION Point scatterers, atomic scattering, form factors, assemblies of scatterers, lattices, electron density, Patterson function, resolution, phases and phase problem, symmetry and systematic absences. Lecture IV. PROTEIN CRYSTALLIZATION Preparing protein samples: Purification, concentrating, storage. Crystal growth: Principles and methods, solubility, saturation, nucleation, batch methods, vapor diffusion methods, dialysis methods, micro and macro seeding. Crystal storage and handling. Crystal soaking: Cryoprotectant, heavy atoms, substrates, ligands or inhibitors. Lecture V. MACROMOLECULAR DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING Data collection: Crystal mounting, radiation damage, cryo-techniques. -
Charles Robert Cantor (1942- ) [1]
Published on The Embryo Project Encyclopedia (https://embryo.asu.edu) Charles Robert Cantor (1942- ) [1] By: Abboud, Alexis Keywords: Sequenom [2] non-invasive prenatal genetic testing [3] Charles Robert Cantor helped sequence the human genome [4], and he developed methods to non-invasively determine the genes [5] in human fetuses. Cantor worked in the US during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. His early research focused on oligonucleotides, small molecules of DNA or RNA. That research enabled the development of a technique that Cantor subsequently used to describe nucleotide sequences of DNA, a process called sequencing, in humans [6]. Cantor was the principal scientist for the Human Genome Project, for which scientists sequenced the entirety of the human genome [4] in 2003. Afterwards, Cantor became the chief scientific officer for Sequenom Inc., a company that provided non-invasive prenatal genetic testing. Such tests use a pregnant woman's blood to identify genetic mutations in a fetus [7] during the first trimester [8] of pregnancy [9]. Cantor was born on 26 August 1942 to Ida Dianne and Louis Cantor in Brooklyn, New York. As a high school student, he participated in a science program for high school seniors administered by Columbia University [10] in New York, New York. Afterwards, Cantor attended Columbia for his undergraduate degree. While there, Cantor took a course in population genetics taught by Richard Lewontin. Cantor later reported that the course and Lewontin influenced him to pursue biology. Cantor graduated from Columbia in 1963 with his degree. He then pursued doctoral studies in physical chemistry under Ignacio Tinoco Jr. -
OE Human Genome Program Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop (1991)
.. 1 II !I Acknowledgements I' I The. information for this report was compiled and prepared for publication by Laura Yust and other Human Genome Management Information System staff members. Charles Cantor contributed the I "Santa Fe Workshop Summary" with assistance from Elbert Branscomb, Anthony Carrano, Leroy Hood, Robert Moyzis, Robert Robbins, and DOE program staff. Sylvia Spengler (workshop organizer) and Eileen Mendez at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Human Genome Center provided the abstracts. Most importantly, the contributions of grantees and contractors to the DOE Human Genome Program are gratefully acknowledged. For information or additional copies of this report contact: Laura Yust Human Genome Management Information System Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6050 615/574-7582, FrS 624-7582; Fax: 615/574-9888, FTS 624-9888; Internet: "[email protected]"; BITNET: "[email protected]" I I I This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22161. I -I Price: Printed Copy A06 II Microfiche AOl l l ' Codes are used for pricing all publications. The code is determined by the number of pages in the publication. Information pertaining to the pricing codes can be found in the current issues of the following publications, which are generally available in most libraries. Energy Research Abstracts, (ERA); Government Reports Announcements and Index (GRA and I); Scientific and Technical Abstract Reports (STAR); and publication, NTIS-PR-360 available from (NTIS) at the above address. Conf-91 02129 Dist: Category UC-408 DOE uman enome Program Report of the Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop February 17-20, 1991 Santa Fe, New Mexico Date Published: August 1991 Prepared for the U.S. -
Report of the 23Rd Asilomar Conference on Mass Spectrometry
Report of the 23rd Asilomar Conference on Mass Spectrometry Alan L. Rockwood ARUP Laboratories and Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA Ravinder J. Singh Mayo Clinic and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA ponsored by ASMS, the 2007 Asilomar conference mor marker) as a model of immunoassay imperfection. “Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Chemistry and Immunoassays are unreliable in some patients due to SMolecular Diagnostics” included 120 participants the presence of auto-antibodies that interfere with the from backgrounds as diverse as industry, instrumenta- test. Hoofnagle’s approach solves the problems of en- tion companies, hospitals, governmental laboratories, dogenous interfering antibodies (digest the sample into reference laboratories, medical schools, and other aca- peptides) and the lack of standardization between dif- demic institutions. The American Association for Clin- ferent commercial immunoassays (include an internal ical Chemistry accredited this conference for ACCENT standard peptide). continuing education credits. Christie Hunter from Applied Biosystems described Following opening comments by organizers Alan in “Peptide MRM-Based Assays in Plasma for Biomar- Rockwood and Ravinder Singh, Jack Henion from Ad- ker Verification Studies,” the use of a triple quadrupole vion Biosciences presented “Can Mass Spectrometry linear ion trap mass spectrometer to create more than Add Value to Modern Clinical Chemistry?” which 1000 high quality, specific MRM transitions for multiple overviewed the merits and issues pertaining to imple- peptides to many human plasma proteins. A non- menting mass spectrometry (especially LC/MS) into isobaric chemical labeling strategy was employed to the modern clinical laboratory. Strengths and limita- create global reference standards to enable quantitative tions of mass spectrometry were described, emphasiz- analysis. -
Boston University Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Handbook 2012
1 Boston University Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Handbook 2012-2013 http://www.bu.edu/bioinformatics Department of Biochemistry (School of Medicine) Department of Biology (College of Arts and Sciences) Biomedical Engineering Department (College of Engineering) Department of Biostatistics (School of Public Health) Department of Chemistry (College of Arts and Sciences) Department of Computational Biomedicine (School of Medicine) Department of Computer Science (College of Arts and Sciences) Electrical and Computer Engineering Department (College of Engineering) Genetics and Genomics Department (School of Medicine) Department of Mathematics and Statistics (College of Arts and Sciences) Department of Medicine (School of Medicine) Department of Microbiology (School of Medicine) Department of Mechanical Engineering (College of Engineering) Molecular and Cell Biology (Goldman School of Dental Health) Department of Neurology (School of Medicine) Periodontology & Oral Biology (Goldman School of Dental Health) Department of Physics (College of Arts and Sciences) Pulmonary Medicine (School of Medicine) Systems Engineering Division (College of Engineering) Center for Computational Science Center for Advanced Biotechnology Center for Advanced Genomic Technology Last Updated: 10/11/12 2 Bioinformatics Faculty and Staff Faculty Director Thomas Tullius Director of Bioinformatics Associate Directors Gary Benson* Associate Director of IGERT Scott Mohr Administrative Director, Director of Graduate Studies Department of Biochemistry (BUSM) Joseph Zaia Professor Associate Director, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Department of Biology (CAS) Cynthia Bradham Assistant Professor Geoffrey M. Cooper Professor, Associate Dean of the Faculty, Natural Sciences John Finnerty Associate Professor Ulla Hansen Professor Edward Loechler Professor Kimberly McCall Associate Professor # Daniel Segre* Associate Professor Dean Tolan Professor David Waxman Professor Department of Biomedical Engineering (ENG) Charles Cantor* Professor, Director of Center for Advanced Biotechnology James J. -
States of Origin: Influences on Research Into the Origins of Life
COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS THESIS This thesis must be used in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Reproduction of material protected by copyright may be an infringement of copyright and copyright owners may be entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. Section 51 (2) of the Copyright Act permits an authorized officer of a university library or archives to provide a copy (by communication or otherwise) of an unpublished thesis kept in the library or archives, to a person who satisfies the authorized officer that he or she requires the reproduction for the purposes of research or study. The Copyright Act grants the creator of a work a number of moral rights, specifically the right of attribution, the right against false attribution and the right of integrity. You may infringe the author’s moral rights if you: - fail to acknowledge the author of this thesis if you quote sections from the work - attribute this thesis to another author - subject this thesis to derogatory treatment which may prejudice the author’s reputation For further information contact the University’s Director of Copyright Services sydney.edu.au/copyright Influences on Research into the Origins of Life. Idan Ben-Barak Unit for the History and Philosophy of Science Faculty of Science The University of Sydney A thesis submitted to the University of Sydney as fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2014 Declaration I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of a University or other institute of higher learning.