DOCSLIB.ORG

OE Human Genome Program Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop (1991)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
OE Human Genome Program Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop (1991) .. 1 II !I Acknowledgements I' I The. information for this report was compiled and prepared for publication by Laura Yust and other Human Genome Management Information System staff members. Charles Cantor contributed the I "Santa Fe Workshop Summary" with assistance from Elbert Branscomb, Anthony Carrano, Leroy Hood, Robert Moyzis, Robert Robbins, and DOE program staff. Sylvia Spengler (workshop organizer) and Eileen Mendez at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Human Genome Center provided the abstracts. Most importantly, the contributions of grantees and contractors to the DOE Human Genome Program are gratefully acknowledged. For information or additional copies of this report contact: Laura Yust Human Genome Management Information System Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6050 615/574-7582, FrS 624-7582; Fax: 615/574-9888, FTS 624-9888; Internet: "[email protected]"; BITNET: "[email protected]" I I I This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22161. I -I Price: Printed Copy A06 II Microfiche AOl l l ' Codes are used for pricing all publications. The code is determined by the number of pages in the publication. Information pertaining to the pricing codes can be found in the current issues of the following publications, which are generally available in most libraries. Energy Research Abstracts, (ERA); Government Reports Announcements and Index (GRA and I); Scientific and Technical Abstract Reports (STAR); and publication, NTIS-PR-360 available from (NTIS) at the above address. Conf-91 02129 Dist: Category UC-408 DOE uman enome Program Report of the Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop February 17-20, 1991 Santa Fe, New Mexico Date Published: August 1991 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Research Office of Health and Environmental Research Washington, D.C. 20585 under budget and reporting code KP 0404000 Prepared by Human Genome Management Information System Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6050 Managed by MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY UNDER CONTRACT DE-AC05-840R21400 Preface For over four decades the Office of Health and Environmental Research of the Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor organizations have supported major research on the genetic effects of energy-related agents. Although knowledge and capabilities in this area have advanced in many ways, DOE realized in the early 1980s that more complete genetic resources would be required for tasks such as measuring mutations in descendants of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki survivors. These novel resources would include physical maps of the 24 different human chromosomes, a complete human genome DNA base sequence, and the computational tools to use this information. Partly because of the need for new and different approaches to modem challenges, DOE began the Human Genome Initiative in 1987. The number of genome-funded projects has increased rapidly, and the initiative has grown into a flourishing program, with a complementary counterpart at the National Institutes of Health. The impact of the Human Genome Project on science and society will be substantial as significant achievements become frequent occurrences. New physical mapping strategies have allowed our national laboratories and university grantees to move ahead in a timely manner, and development of innovative approaches to determining the base sequence of chromosomes is proceeding at an encouraging rate. Our computational capabilities are improving. New networking workstations and methods of inputting and analyzing mapping and sequencing data are being developed to allow investigators easy access to data from major databanks. Investigations are under way into the ethical, legal, and social implications of the use of data generated by this program. The first of many DOE Human Genome Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowships have been awarded to train additional scientists in areas critical to the success of the Human Genome Program. Program management needs, such as project coordination and the desire to create an environment in which the program's investigators could interact, formed the basis for this workshop. We are indebted to Sylvia Spengler and the session chairs, but especially to all contributors. The 1991 workshop had many stimulating presentations, and numerous collaborative efforts have developed, but we anticipate that its successor, scheduled for the fall of 1992, will provide additional concepts, strategies, and technologies that are not yet imagined and that are based on multidisciplinary interactions. We await with excitement what lies ahead. Benjamin J. Barnhart Human Genome Program Office of Health and Environmental Research DOE Office of Energy Research Table of Contents Preface ................................................................................... 1 Workshop Agenda . iv Santa Fe Workshop Summary . • . • . 1 Speaker Abstracts* . • • . 8 Informatics: New Methods, Unresolved Problems . 10 aoning/Amplification . • . 15 Mapping: Progress and New Methods . 19 DNA Sequencing Instrumentation/Database Needs . 23 DNA Sequencing Methodology . 26 New Techniques and Instruments . 30 Poster Abstracts* .•..........................•....... 0 • • • 34 Informatics: New Methods, Unresolved Problems ...... 0 • • • • • • • • 38 aoning/Amplification ................................. 0 •• 0 52 Mapping: Progress and New Methods . 57 DNA Sequencing/Instrumentation Database Needs . 67 DNA Sequencing Methodology . 78 New Techniques and Instruments . 89 Author Index . 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0 105 Workshop Participants . 109 *The abstracts were reproduced as closely as possible to the author's originaL iii Workshop Agenda Sunday, February 17 12 noon - 5:30 pm: Registration 5:00 - 7:30 pm: Mixer, video talk by Senator Domenici Monday, February 18 8:30 am - 12 noon: Chair, C. Cantor Introduction: B. Barnhart Human Genome Program in the Overall DOE Context: D. Galas Mapping: Progress and New Methods: G. Evans R. Stallings G. Sutherland T. Caskey M. Simon P. de Jong Lunch Talk on Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues: M. Y esley 2:00 - 5:30 pm: Chair, R. Moyzis Cloning/Amplification: V.Rao S. Antonarak:is M. McCormick P. Youderian D. Nelson G. Hermanson 5:30 - 7:00 pm: Poster Session Tuesday, February 19 8:30 am - 12 noon: Chair, R. Robbins Informatics: New Methods, Unresolved Problems: T. Slezak J. Fickett R. Douthart D. Searls T. Hunkapiller E. Lawler iv Tuesday, February 19 (continued) 3:30 - 6:00 pm: Chair, E. Branscomb Database Needs for Sequencing Projects: R. Gesteland C. Lawrence L Hood Public Databases: P. Pearson C. Burks 7:00 - 9:00 pm: Buffet and Poster Session Wednesday, February 20 8:30 am - 12 noon: Chair, A Carrano DNA Sequencing Methodology: L. Smith B. Karger D. Berg A Riggs R. Keller F. W. Studier 2:00 - 5:30 pm: Chair, L. Hood New Techniques and Instruments: B. Trask B. Jacobson J. C. Giddings R. Kopelman R. Foote R. Athwal J. Vas Meeting Summary and Perspective: C. Cantor v Santa Fe Workshop Summary* The Department of Energy (DOE) Human Genome Program held its Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop in Santa Fe, New Mexico, on February 17-20, 1991. Almost all the DOE-supported projects were represented, either by oral presentations or by posters. More than 200 DOE­ supported scientists attended the meeting, in addition to invited guests and representatives from a number of interested industries. Benjamin Barnhart, Manager, Human Genome Program, Office of Health and Environmental Research (OHER), welcomed the attendees and gave a brief overview of research that would be presented as platform and poster sessions throughout the 3-day workshop. Six platform sessions focused on database and computer algorithm needs for existing or projected genome research, large DNA fragment cloning, progress in physical mapping, DNA sequencing instrumentation, strategies for preparing samples for efficient DNA sequencing, and new methods for a variety of genome efforts. David Galas, Associate Director, OHER, spoke about the relationship between the Human Genome Program and other OHER research programs. He emphasized the importance of new strategies, resources, and technologies being developed in the Human Genome Program for research aimed at understanding genomic damage by radiation and chemicals. He also stated that DOE is uniquely positioned to make major advances in protein structure and function relationships, because DOE's extensive capabilities in structural biology at the national laboratories will be coordinated with those of the Human Genome Project. Michael Yesley [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)] presented ethical, legal, and social issues pertaining to data produced in the genome project. The general impression conveyed by most presenters was that physical mapping efforts are going well; chromosomes 16, 19, and portions of 11 are now well covered with large numbers of assembled contigs. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is emerging as an extremely effective method for ordering cloned probes. Automated DNA sequencing is becoming more efficient through approaches like capillary or thin gel electrophoresis. Informatics support for most current physical mapping efforts and for large­ scale DNA sequencing needs to be increased, and more focus is needed on ongoing biology projects. At present there
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Facette-2019.Pdf
    INTERNA TIONAL IS S U E N0 . 2 5 , FEBR U A R Y 2 019 TRACEABILITY & BLOCKCHAIN / MOZAMBIQUE RUBIES / COLOUR CHANGE DNA FINGERPRINTING / PARAIBA TOURMALINE / SSEF AT AUCTION SSEF COURSES / SSEF IN USA & ASIA 1 · FACETTE 2019 EDITORIAL Dear Reader It is my great pleasure to present you the 25th issue of the SSEF Facette, The traceability of gems and responsible sourcing is another important the annual magazine of the Swiss Gemmological Institute. Published now topic which has emerged in recent years in the trade and gained since a quarter of a century, it has definitively grown up to become an momentum. In the past few months, the SSEF has participated in important resource of information for both the gemmological community conferences and meetings to contribute to this important issue. We and the trade, and is often referenced in gemmological publications. also felt that it is necessary to clarify and explain the many terms often used as buzzwords in discussions to avoid any misconceptions. As in previous years, this issue will again summarise our current work As such, a summary of our publication in the Journal of Gemmology is and research, and I am proud to say that in the past few months we have our headline article in this issue of the SSEF Facette. As a consequence achieved important breakthroughs, which we will share with you in the of these discussions with stakeholders and the trade, I am also glad to following pages. announce that SSEF is offering a new tracking service starting from 2019, gemmologically documenting the journey a gem from rough to cut and These breakthroughs are only possible thanks to the work of motivated even when mounted in jewellery.
    [Show full text]
  • Forrest H. Nielsen Date of Birth
    CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Forrest H. Nielsen Date of Birth: October 26, 1941 Place of Birth: Dancy, WI Marital Status: Married Children: Two Educational Record: 1963 B.S. University of Wisconsin (Biochemistry) 1966 M.S. University of Wisconsin (Biochemistry) 1967 Ph.D. University of Wisconsin (Biochemistry) Professional Experience: (Employment) 1962-1963 Student Research, Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin 1963-1967 Graduate Fellow (NIH), Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin 1967-1969 Research Chemist (Captain), Medical Service Corps., U.S. Army, U.S. Army's Medical Research and Nutrition Laboratory, Denver, Colorado 1969-1970 Research Chemist, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Vitamin and Mineral Branch Human Nutrition Research Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 1970-1986 Research Chemist, USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota 1970-Present Adjunct Professor, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 1985-1986 Acting Director, USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota 1986-2001 Director and Supervisory Research Nutritionist, USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota 2001-2011 Research Nutritionist, USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota 1 Invited Participation in National Scientific Committee Meetings, Workshops, Etc.: Over 45 invitations including: 1973 Workshop of the Subcommittee on Geochemical Environment in Relation to Health
    [Show full text]
  • Metal Contamination of Food
    Metal Contamination of Food Its Significance for Food Quality and Human Health Third edition Conor Reilly BSc, BPhil, PhD, FAIFST Emeritus Professor of Public Health Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia Visiting Professor of Nutrition Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK Metal Contamination of Food Metal Contamination of Food Its Significance for Food Quality and Human Health Third edition Conor Reilly BSc, BPhil, PhD, FAIFST Emeritus Professor of Public Health Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia Visiting Professor of Nutrition Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK # 2002 by Blackwell Science Ltd, First edition published 1980 by Elsevier Science a Blackwell Publishing Company Publishers Editorial Offices: Second edition published 1991 Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL, UK Third edition published 2002 by Blackwell Tel: +44 (0)1865 206206 Science Ltd Blackwell Science, Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5018, USA Library of Congress Tel: +1 781 388 8250 Cataloging-in-Publication Data Iowa Street Press, a Blackwell Publishing Company, Reilly, Conor. 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA Metal contamination of food:its significance Tel: +1 515 292 0140 for food quality and human health/Conor Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Reilly. ± 3rd ed. Street, Carlton South, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, p. cm. Australia Includes bibliographical references and index. Tel: +61 (0)3 9347 0300 ISBN 0-632-05927-3 (alk. paper) Blackwell Wissenschafts Verlag, 1. Food contamination. 2. Food ± Anlaysis. KurfuÈ rstendamm 57, 10707 Berlin, Germany 3. Metals ± Analysis. I. Title. Tel: +49 (0)30 32 79 060 TX571.M48 R45 2003 363.19'2 ± dc21 The right of the Author to be identified as the 2002026281 Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and ISBN 0-632-05927-3 Patents Act 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Foundations of Biophysics and Structural Biology [GMS by 760]
    Foundations of Biophysics And Structural Biology [GMS BY 760] Course Director: David Atkinson Ph.D. Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, Research Professor of Biochemistry Lecturers: Christopher W. Akey Ph.D. Professor of Physiology and Biophysics Olga Gursky Ph.D. Associate Professor of Physiology and Biophysics C. James McKnight Ph.D. Associate Professor of Physiology and Biophysics Michael Rynkiewicz Ph.D. Senior Research Associate in Physiology and Biophysics 1 COURSE INTRODUCTION ( David Atkinson Ph.D.) Lecture I. COURSE OVERVIEW Aims and organization, introduction to faculty, examinations, text books etc. MACROMOLECULAR CONFORMATION AND THE PRINCIPLES OF SYMMETRY Principles of symmetry, symmetry operations, point groups and space groups FOURIER TRANSFORMS (David Atkinson Ph.D.) Lecture I. FOURIER THEORY AND APPLICATION Waves, Fourier series. Fourier and inverse Fourier Transforms. 2 X-RAY DIFFRACTION, SCATTERING AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (Lectures I-III, David Atkinson Ph.D.,) (Lectures IV-VII. Michael Rynkiewicz Ph.D.) Lecture I. GEOMETRICAL DIFFRACTION Lattices, Unit Cells, Crystal Systems, Bragg’s Law, the Reciprocal Lattice, Space Groups, von Laue Conditions, Ewald sphere, Lecture II. FOURIER ANALYSIS Convolution and Correlation. Importance in structural biophysics. Lecture III. FOURIER ANALYSIS OF X-RAY SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION Point scatterers, atomic scattering, form factors, assemblies of scatterers, lattices, electron density, Patterson function, resolution, phases and phase problem, symmetry and systematic absences. Lecture IV. PROTEIN CRYSTALLIZATION Preparing protein samples: Purification, concentrating, storage. Crystal growth: Principles and methods, solubility, saturation, nucleation, batch methods, vapor diffusion methods, dialysis methods, micro and macro seeding. Crystal storage and handling. Crystal soaking: Cryoprotectant, heavy atoms, substrates, ligands or inhibitors. Lecture V. MACROMOLECULAR DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING Data collection: Crystal mounting, radiation damage, cryo-techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles Robert Cantor (1942- ) [1]
    Published on The Embryo Project Encyclopedia (https://embryo.asu.edu) Charles Robert Cantor (1942- ) [1] By: Abboud, Alexis Keywords: Sequenom [2] non-invasive prenatal genetic testing [3] Charles Robert Cantor helped sequence the human genome [4], and he developed methods to non-invasively determine the genes [5] in human fetuses. Cantor worked in the US during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. His early research focused on oligonucleotides, small molecules of DNA or RNA. That research enabled the development of a technique that Cantor subsequently used to describe nucleotide sequences of DNA, a process called sequencing, in humans [6]. Cantor was the principal scientist for the Human Genome Project, for which scientists sequenced the entirety of the human genome [4] in 2003. Afterwards, Cantor became the chief scientific officer for Sequenom Inc., a company that provided non-invasive prenatal genetic testing. Such tests use a pregnant woman's blood to identify genetic mutations in a fetus [7] during the first trimester [8] of pregnancy [9]. Cantor was born on 26 August 1942 to Ida Dianne and Louis Cantor in Brooklyn, New York. As a high school student, he participated in a science program for high school seniors administered by Columbia University [10] in New York, New York. Afterwards, Cantor attended Columbia for his undergraduate degree. While there, Cantor took a course in population genetics taught by Richard Lewontin. Cantor later reported that the course and Lewontin influenced him to pursue biology. Cantor graduated from Columbia in 1963 with his degree. He then pursued doctoral studies in physical chemistry under Ignacio Tinoco Jr.
    [Show full text]
  • Antioxidant Composition for Reducing the Oxidative Stress and Side Effects Ascribable to Treatment with Levothyroxine
    (19) & (11) EP 2 441 450 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 18.04.2012 Bulletin 2012/16 A61K 31/01 (2006.01) A61K 31/122 (2006.01) A61K 31/353 (2006.01) A61K 31/355 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 10425334.9 A61K 31/385 A61P 5/14 (22) Date of filing: 18.10.2010 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventor: Cornelli, Umberto AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB 20129 Milano (IT) GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR (74) Representative: Cinquantini, Bruno et al Designated Extension States: Notarbartolo & Gervasi S.p.A. BA ME Corso di Porta Vittoria, 9 20122 Milano (IT) (71) Applicant: Cornelli, Umberto 20129 Milano (IT) (54) Antioxidant composition for reducing the oxidative stress and side effects ascribable to treatment with levothyroxine (57) An antioxidant composition is described able to suitable combination of selected components which are reduce not only oxidative stress, but also the side effects highly tolerable to the body. encountered in individuals affected by hypothyroidism and undergoing levothyroxine treatment, by means of a EP 2 441 450 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 441 450 A1 Description FIELD OF THE INVENTION 5 [0001] The present invention concerns an antioxidant composition for reducing the oxidative stress and side effects in individuals undergoing treatment with levothyroxine. In particular, said composition has proved to be particularly suitable in that, as well as being surprisingly effective, it is extremely well tolerated by the body.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of the 23Rd Asilomar Conference on Mass Spectrometry
    Report of the 23rd Asilomar Conference on Mass Spectrometry Alan L. Rockwood ARUP Laboratories and Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA Ravinder J. Singh Mayo Clinic and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA ponsored by ASMS, the 2007 Asilomar conference mor marker) as a model of immunoassay imperfection. “Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Chemistry and Immunoassays are unreliable in some patients due to SMolecular Diagnostics” included 120 participants the presence of auto-antibodies that interfere with the from backgrounds as diverse as industry, instrumenta- test. Hoofnagle’s approach solves the problems of en- tion companies, hospitals, governmental laboratories, dogenous interfering antibodies (digest the sample into reference laboratories, medical schools, and other aca- peptides) and the lack of standardization between dif- demic institutions. The American Association for Clin- ferent commercial immunoassays (include an internal ical Chemistry accredited this conference for ACCENT standard peptide). continuing education credits. Christie Hunter from Applied Biosystems described Following opening comments by organizers Alan in “Peptide MRM-Based Assays in Plasma for Biomar- Rockwood and Ravinder Singh, Jack Henion from Ad- ker Verification Studies,” the use of a triple quadrupole vion Biosciences presented “Can Mass Spectrometry linear ion trap mass spectrometer to create more than Add Value to Modern Clinical Chemistry?” which 1000 high quality, specific MRM transitions for multiple overviewed the merits and issues pertaining to imple- peptides to many human plasma proteins. A non- menting mass spectrometry (especially LC/MS) into isobaric chemical labeling strategy was employed to the modern clinical laboratory. Strengths and limita- create global reference standards to enable quantitative tions of mass spectrometry were described, emphasiz- analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Boston University Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Handbook 2012
    1 Boston University Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Handbook 2012-2013 http://www.bu.edu/bioinformatics Department of Biochemistry (School of Medicine) Department of Biology (College of Arts and Sciences) Biomedical Engineering Department (College of Engineering) Department of Biostatistics (School of Public Health) Department of Chemistry (College of Arts and Sciences) Department of Computational Biomedicine (School of Medicine) Department of Computer Science (College of Arts and Sciences) Electrical and Computer Engineering Department (College of Engineering) Genetics and Genomics Department (School of Medicine) Department of Mathematics and Statistics (College of Arts and Sciences) Department of Medicine (School of Medicine) Department of Microbiology (School of Medicine) Department of Mechanical Engineering (College of Engineering) Molecular and Cell Biology (Goldman School of Dental Health) Department of Neurology (School of Medicine) Periodontology & Oral Biology (Goldman School of Dental Health) Department of Physics (College of Arts and Sciences) Pulmonary Medicine (School of Medicine) Systems Engineering Division (College of Engineering) Center for Computational Science Center for Advanced Biotechnology Center for Advanced Genomic Technology Last Updated: 10/11/12 2 Bioinformatics Faculty and Staff Faculty Director Thomas Tullius Director of Bioinformatics Associate Directors Gary Benson* Associate Director of IGERT Scott Mohr Administrative Director, Director of Graduate Studies Department of Biochemistry (BUSM) Joseph Zaia Professor Associate Director, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Department of Biology (CAS) Cynthia Bradham Assistant Professor Geoffrey M. Cooper Professor, Associate Dean of the Faculty, Natural Sciences John Finnerty Associate Professor Ulla Hansen Professor Edward Loechler Professor Kimberly McCall Associate Professor # Daniel Segre* Associate Professor Dean Tolan Professor David Waxman Professor Department of Biomedical Engineering (ENG) Charles Cantor* Professor, Director of Center for Advanced Biotechnology James J.
    [Show full text]
  • Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on The
    Vitamin D OPINION OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON FOOD ON THE TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVEL OF VITAMIN D (EXPRESSED ON 4 DECEMBER 2002) FOREWORD This opinion is one in the series of opinions of the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) on the upper levels of vitamins and minerals. The terms of reference given by the European Commission for this task, the related background and the guidelines used by the Committee to develop tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and minerals used in this opinion, which were expressed by the SCF on 19 October 2000, are available on the Internet at the pages of the SCF, at the address: http://www.europa.eu.int/ comm/food/fs/sc/scf/index_en.html. 1. INTRODUCTION The principal physiological function of vitamin D in all vertebrates including humans is to maintain serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations in a range that support cellular processes, neuromuscular function, and bone ossification. Vitamin D accomplishes this goal by enhancing the efficiency of the small intestine to absorb dietary calcium and phosphorous, and by mobilising calcium and phosphorus from the bone (Holick, 1999; Holick et al, 1998). The last couple of decades it has become increasingly apparent that vitamin D also has other important functions in tissues not primarily related to mineral metabolism (Brown et al, 1999; Holick, 1999). One example is the haematopoietic system, in which vitamin D affects cell differentiation and proliferation including such effects also in cancer cells. Vitamin D furthermore participates in the process of insulin secretion. The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D, regulate the transcription of a large number of genes through binding to a transcription factor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR).
    [Show full text]
  • 100 Years of Biochemistry at the University of Toronto – Marian A
    Bulletin The Canadian Society of Biochemistry, Molecular & Cellular Biology La Société canadienne de biochemie, de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire ISSN 1197-6578/2007 2007 www.csbmcb.ca Bulletin The Canadian Society of Biochemistry, Molecular & Cellular Biology La Société canadienne de biochemie, de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire 2007 www.csbmcb.ca 2 CSMCB/SCBBMC BULLETIN 2007 FRONT COVER IMAGES: Illustration by Martin Krzywinski, Scientist (Mapping), Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre CSMCB/SCBBMC BULLETIN 2007 3 Contents CSBMCB Board for 2007-2008................................................................................................4 CSBMCB President’s Report...................................................................................................5 Incoming Members of the CSBMCB Executive Board 2006-2007....................................8 Laura Frost, Vice-President; Jean-Pierre Perreault, Councillor; David Williams, Councillor Minutes of the 50th CSBMCB Annual General Meeting ..................................................12 CSBMCB/SCBBMC Financial Statement.............................................................................15 The 50th Annual Meeting of the CSBMCB.........................................................................17 Poster and travel award recipients for the 2007 CSBMCB Meeting .............................19 Scenes from the 2007 CSBMCB Meeting ............................................................................21 Program for the 51st Annual Meeting of the
    [Show full text]
  • THE GENE WARS PT 6.Pdf 7.4 Mb
    Epilogue T I HE JANUARY 1,1993, issue of Science announced that Francis S. JL Collins of the University of Michigan had agreed to direct the NIH genome program,1 confirming rumors that had persisted since midsum- mer. Collins agreed to join NIH on condition that a significant intramural genome research capacity be created on the NIH campus in Bethesda, Mary- land, so he would not have to give up active laboratory work. Collins agreed to make the move despite a cut in pay and the disruption of one of the most secure scientific empires in human genetics. Several members of his group, including himself, were funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. This highly prestigious and financially stable base was buttressed by an NIH- funded genome research center linked to the University of Michigan. The University of Michigan combined one of the best state-supported universities with a medical school that had chosen soon after World War II to emphasize human genetics. Stanford geneticist David Botstein, for one, be- lieved that his unusually broad and deep training at Michigan—with exposure to excellent molecular biology and world-class human genetics, including pop- ulation genetics—gave him the requisite background to prepare him for the 1978 insight about the importance of a human genetic linkage map.2 Con- struction of just such a map helped spawn the revolution in human genetics that began in the 1980s. Why would Collins leave such an enviable position to direct a federal program? His answer: "Because there is only one human genome program. It will only happen once, and this is that moment in history.
    [Show full text]
  • Vanadium - an Element Both Essential and Toxic to Plants, Animals and Humans?
    Anal. Real Acad. Nac. Farm., 2004, 70: 961-999 Revisión Vanadium - An element both essential and toxic to plants, animals and humans? MANFRED ANKE Académico Correspondiente de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia ABSTRACT Vanadium was discovered in 1802/1803 by the Spanish mineralogist A. M. del Río in Mexico. Vanadium are present in the earth’s crust at an average concentra- tion of 110 mg/kg. Vanadium is concentrated mainly in mafic rocks (basalt 200-250 mg/kg) and shales (100-130 mg/kg), lowest concentrations were found in limesto- nes and dolomites (10-45 mg/kg). The average vanadium content of soils world- wide have been calculated to vary from 18 (peat) and 115 mg/kg (Rotliegende weathering soils). Burning of fossil fuels caused about 110000 t V/a to enter the atmosphere globally. With help of indicator plants (wheat, rye, red clover) the local plant bioavailable vanadium offer is to investigate. All foodstuffs, rich in starch and sugar and of animals are poor in vanadium (5- 40 µg V/kg dry matter, dm); mushrooms and leafy vegetable contain higher levels of vanadium (100 to > 1000 µg V/kg dm). Beer and wine (30 to 45 µg/l deliver much vanadium. In Germany and Mexico women with mixed diet take in 10 to 20 µg V/ day and men 20 to > 35 µg V/day. The high intake results from the higher beer consumption of men. Vegetarians take in significantly more vanadium. The vana- dium concentration of organs and milk is not homeostatically regulated. Most tissues of the fauna reflect the vanadium status.
    [Show full text]