Naskah Akademis Rancangan Undang-Undang Tentang Protokol

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Naskah Akademis Rancangan Undang-Undang Tentang Protokol NASKAH AKADEMIS RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG PROTOKOL RI DPR DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT REPUBLIK INDONESIA ARSIPJAKARTA 2010 4 KATA PENGANTAR Puji Syukur dipanjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas selesainya seluruh proses penyiapan Rancagan Undang-Undang (RULI) tentang Protokol. RUU tentang Protokol ini telah dipersiapkan dengan baik, termasuk melalui pengkajian dalam bentuk Naskah Akademis sebagai kelengkapan integral dari sebuah RUU. Naskah Akademis ini memuat konsepsi dan pokok-pokok pikiran yang menjadi landasan substansial perumusan RUU tentang Protokol. RUU ini mengatur tentang petubahan pokok protokol, Khususnya berkaitan dengan tata temat, tata upacara, dan tata kehormatan terhadap pejabat negara, pejabat pemerintah, pejabat penyelenggara pemerintahan daerah, tokoh rnasyatakat, dan perwakilan negara asing. Naskah Akademis ini diharapkan dapat inembetikan arah dan kejelasan dalam pembahasanRI RUU tentang Protokol. Amien Jakarta, 1 Maret 2010 DPR ARSIP 5 DAFTAR ISI BAB I KATA PENGANTAR 1.1 Latar Belakang 1.2 Tujuan Penyusunan 1.3 Metode Penyusunan 1.4 Ruang Lingkup 1.5 Hasil Yang Diharapakan 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan BAB II Landasan Pernikiran 2.1 Landasan Filosofis 2.2 Landasan Sosiologis 2.3 Landasan Yuridis RI 2.4 Perbandingan Dengan Negara Lain 2.4.1 Praktek Protokol di Amerika Serikat 2.4.2 Praktek Protokol di Kanada 2.4.3 Praktek Protokol di Australia BAB III RUANG LINGKUP 3.1 Konsep Tentang Protokol 3.7 Konsep Tentang Tata Upacara 3.3 Konsep Tentang Tata Tempat DPR 3.4 Tata Penghormatan 3.4.1 Penghormatan Kepada Pejabat Negara, Pejabat Pernerintah, Pejabat Penyelenggara Pemerintahan Daerah, dan Tokoh Masyarakat 3.4.2 Penghormatan Terhadap Lambang-Lambang Kehormatan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia 3.5. Kunjungan Kepala Negara dan Tamu Asing 3.5.1 Kunjungan Kepala Negara 3.5.2 Kunjungan Tamu Asing ke Indonesia BAB IV SISTEMATIKA DAN POKOK-POKOK RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG PROTOKOL ARSIPBAB V PENUTUP 5.1 KESIMPULAN 5.2 REKOMENDASI DAFTAR PUSATAKA LAMPIRAN 6 BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Indonesia adalah negara yang berdaulat dan rnemiliki kebebasan dalam menjalankan kebijakan politik luar negerinya. Dalam rangka melaksanakan politik luar negeri yang bebas aktif dan untuk menjamin dan memelihara kepentingan nasional, Indonesia ikut membantu tercapainya ketertiban dunia serta memajukan kerjasama dan hubungan persahabatan dengan semua bangsa di dunia yang diwujudkan dengan pembukaan dan penempatan perwakilan diplomatik dan perwakilan konsuler di berbagai negara. Di samping itu pula, Indonesia juga menerima perwakilan diplomatik dan perwakilan konsuler negara lain dengan mengacu Konyensi Wina Tabun 1964. Konyensi Wina int diratifikasi dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 tahun 1982. Pada tahun 1987, Indonesia kemudian membuat Undang-Undang tentang Protokol yang mengatur mengenaiRI tata tetnpat, tata upacara, dan rata penghormatan pejabat pemerintah, pejabat negara, dan tokoh masyarakat tertentu, termasuk protokol antar lembaga atau tokoh masyarakat tertentu tuanpun dengan pihak asing yang pengaturannya tetap mengacu pada Konyensi Wina. Pemahaman tentang makna protokol dapat berbeda-beda di kalangan masyarakat, natnun pengertian protokol perlu mengacu pada makna dan pengertian awalnya. Istilah protokol berkaitan erat dengan tata krama bagaimana suatu pekerjaan dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik dan benar sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Pada tingkat kenegaraan, istilah protokol berkaitan erat dengan tata krama penyelenggaraan acara yang bersifat kenegaraan. Setiap Negara aturan atau protokol senditi DPRuntuk mdaksanakan acara-acara yang bersifat kenegaraan dan nienunjuk seorang pejabat yang ditetapkan selaku Kepala Protokol Negara. Pengaturan protokol suatu negara biasanya mernililu berbagai kekhususan dari negara yang bersangkutan, namun tidak terlepas dari kaidah-kaidah. internasional mengingat pengaturan acara kenegaraan juga sering melibatkan negara Perubahan politik pada tingkat nasional yang terjadi, terutama sejak perubahan politik pada taboo 1998, juga membawa implikasi penyesuaian pada pengaturan protokol nega,ra. Amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 menghasilkan perubahan ketatanegaraan yang tidak lagi me.mbedakan antara Lembaga Tertinggi Negara dan Lembaga Iinggi Negara, dan selanjutnya menjadi Lembaga Negara. Perubahan dalam menutib langsung anggota MPR dan DPR juga berdampak pada pengaturan protokol. Dengan kolektiyitas kepemimpinan di lembaga negara, memungkinkan seorang ketua jika berhalangan hadir daim suatu acara kenegaraan misalnya, dapat digantikan posisinya oleh ARSIPwakil ketua. Amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar juga menghasilkan lembaga negara baru yang belum diatur protokolnya dalam suatu acara kenegaraan atau acara resmi. Perubahan konstitusi inilah yang mendesak perubahan atau penggantian Undang-Undang Nomor 8 tahun 1987 tentang Protokol. Perubahan Undang-Undang tentang Protokol akan mengakomodasi perkembangan yang terjadi dan juga mengatur hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan protokol yang selama ini belum diatur atau belum jelas 7 pengaturannya. Ada tiga hal mendasar yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang tentang Protokol ini, yaitu tata tempat, tata upacara, dan tata penghormatan. Penambahan Lembaga Negara saat ini berdampak pada perubahan tata tempat yang pengaturannya tata urutannya mempertimbangkan jabatan yang dijabat, begitu juga untuk tata upacata dan tata penghormatan juga mengalami perubahan. 1.2.Tujuan Penyusunan Tujuan penyusunan naskah akadernis ini adalah : 1. Mernaparkan hasil kajian terhadap berbagai permasalahan dalam praktek protokol saat ini, meliputi tata tempat, tata upacara, tata penghormatan, acara kenegaraan dan acara resmi, kunjungan kenegaraan dan kunjungan resmi, dan kelembagaan; 2. Menyusun solusi hasil kajian yang telah dilakukan yang merupakan pokok-pokok pikiran sebagai bahan masukan bagi penyusunan penggantian Undang-Undang tentang Protokol;dan RI 3. Menjelaskan landasan filosofis, sosiologis, dan yuridis, serta konsepsi ilmiah tentang protokol sebagai bahan dasar dalam memberikan masukan-masukan dan pertimbangan yuridis dan politis bagi perumusan ketentuan-ketentuan tentang protokol dalam sebilah Undang-Undang tentang Protokol. 1.3 Metode Penyusunan Penyusunan naskah akademik ini dilakukan melalui dua metode pendekatan yaitu: a. Studi Pustaka Kegiatan studi pustaka dimaksudkan sebagaiDPR salah satu pendekatan dalam pengu mpulan bahan, data dan materi informasi yang berkaitan protokol. Materi studi pustaka berupa kajian dan reyiew terhadap buku-buku, majalah, surat kabar, website, serta data lain tentang peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen negara, basil penelitian, makalah seminar, berita media, dan data lainnya. b. Reyiew peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dengan protokol. Undang-undang yang terkait dimaksud antara lain Konyensi Wina tahun 1994, yang menjadi dasar pengaturan protokol secara intetnasional, Undang-Undang Nomor 8 tahun 1987 tentang Protokol yang menjadi dasar penggantian yang dilakukan, Undang-Undang Nomor 43 tahun 1999 tentang Pokok-Pokok Kepegawaian sebagai dasar dalam menentukan tata tempat sesuai dengan tingkat jabatannya baik untuk pembahasan serta hasil yang diharapkan. ARSIPBAB II LANDASAN PEMIKIRAN Berisi tentang Iandasan Filosofis, Sosiologis, dan Yuridis yang mendasari penyusunan Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Protokol. 8 BAB III RUANG LINGKUP Berisi tentang pengertian umum dari belbagai istilah dan konsepsi yang berhubungan dengan protokol. BAB IV SISTEMATIKA DAN POKOK-POKOK RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG PROTOKOL Berisi tentang sistematika dan gatis besat is.i dati Rancangan UndangUndang tentang Protokol. BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN Berisi kesimpulan dan saran terhadap pokok-pokok yang perlu dimasukan dalam Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Protokol. RI DAFTAR PUSTAKA DPR ARSIP 9 BAB II LANDASAN PEMIKIRAN 2.1 LANDASAN FILOSOFIS Bangsa Indonesia adalah bangsa yang besar diantara bangsa-bangsa lain di dunia. Bangsa Indonesia bukan bangsa yang mengisolasi diri dari pergaulan internasional dan hubungan dengan negara-negara lain. Masyarakat Indonesia selalu rnenghormati tata etika, perilaku, aturan dan etika yang lazim berlaku dalam pergaulan dan menjalin persahabatan internasional. Tata cara, perilaku, aturan dan etika yang dihormati dan dilaksanakan masyarakat Indonesia, tidak hanya menjadi pedoman dalam tata pergaulan internasional. Etika dan aturan telah menjadi pedoman dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara.RI Etika dan aturan yang lazim dilaksanakan demi kelancaran suatu acara atau penghormatan terhadap orang yang dinilai layak memperoleh penghormatan itu, akhirnya menjadi sebuah pedoman yang disebut dengan protokol. Pada tingkat kenegaraan, protokol berkaitan dengan norma, etika dan aturan penyelenggaraan acara yang bersifat kenegaraan atau penghormatan terhadap para pejabat negara, pejabat pernerintah, pejabat penyelenggara pemerintahan daerah, dan tokoh-tokoh masyarakat. Etika dan aturan merupakan pedoman pelaksanaan suatu acara resmi dan kenegaraan agar berjalan khidmat, lancar, dan memberikan penghormatan kepada orang sesuai dengan kedudukannya dalam negara, pemerintali, tuanDPRpun masyarakat. Penghormatan diberikan sebagai penghargaan atas kedudukan dan ketokohan yang diraih dan dimiliki seseorang hingga mencapai kedudukan dalam negara, pemerintahan, atau masyarakat. Protokol diberikan berdasarkan pertimbangan kedudukan seseorang dalam negara, pemerintahan, tuanpun masyarakat. Mereka inerraki hak-hak khusus sebagai bentuk penghormatan, baik melekat pada diri tuanpun dalam acara resmi tuanpun acara kenegaraan. Elak-hak
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