Sustainable Coastal Protection And

Resettlement Plan

Project Number: 40156-033 March 2020

IND: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program - Tranche 2 Subproject: Mukkachery: Rehabilitation of Existing Sea Wall For Shoreline Protection Managment

Submitted by Project Management Unit, Public Works, Ports, and Inland Water Transport Department, Karnataka

This resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Loan No. 3549 Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program: Karnataka – Tranche 2

Project Number: IND (40156-033) Resettlement Plan

Mukkachery: Rehabilitation of Existing Sea Wall For Shoreline Protection Managment

Submitted by

Project Management Unit, Public Works, Ports, and Inland Water Transport Department, Karnataka to Asian Development Bank. This Resettlement Plan has been prepared by FCG ANDEC Consortium, Project Management and Design Consultants, Karnataka, Tranche2, for the Project Management Unit, Public Works, Ports and Inland Water Transport Department, Karnataka. The Report presenting the Plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not represent those of ADB

TABLE OF CONTENTS Excecutive Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….1

I. Project Description...... 4 A. Introduction ...... 4 B. MukkacherySubproject Details ...... 4 C. General Profile of Mukkachery ...... 5 D. Coastal Projection Measure ...... 5 E. Impact and Benefits of Coastal Protection Measure ...... 6 F. Minimizing Impacts ...... 8 G. Scope and Objective ofthe Resettlement Plan ...... 9 H. Methodology for Social Impact Assessment ...... 9 I. ResettlementScreening ...... 9 J. Understanding the Alignment...... 9 K. Census Survey and Inventory of Assets ...... 9 II. Scope for Potential Impacts ...... 11 A. Introduction ...... 11 B. Resettlement Impacts ...... 11 C. Zone of Impact of Project Activities ...... 11 D. Impacts due to loss of coconut trees and septic tanks ...... 11 E. Other Impacts: ...... 11 III. Socio-economic Information and Profile ...... 12 A. General Socio-economic Profile of the Subproject Area ...... 12 B. Social Categories of the Impacted Persons ...... 13 C. Number of DPs ...... 13 D. Income Levels ...... 13 E. Educational Status ...... 13 F. Occupational Status ...... 13 G. Impact on Indigenous People ...... 14 H. Gender Impact ...... 14 I. Vulnerability Status ...... 14 IV. Information Disclosure, Stakeholder Consultation, and Participation ...... 15 A. Stakeholders in the Subproject ...... 15 B. Information Disclosure...... 15 C. Public Consultation in the Subproject ...... 15 D. Methods of Public Consultation...... 15 E. Scope of Consultation and Issues ...... 15 F. Findings/ Concerns Expressed by the Community ...... 15 G. Plan for further consultation ...... 15 V. LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...... 16 A. Introduction ...... 16 B. Legal Policy Framework and Entitlements ...... 16 C. Legal and Policy Framework, Karnataka ...... 17 D. Comparison Between National and State Policies and ADB’sSPS ...... 17 E. R&R Policy Framework Applicable for Mukkachery Subproject ...... 17 F. Valuation of Assets ...... 18 VI. ENTITLEMENTS, ASSISTANCE AND BENEFITS ...... 19 A. Introduction ...... 19 B. Cut-off-Date for Entitlement ...... 19 C. Subproject Entitlement ...... 19 D. Unanticipated Impacts ...... 19 E. Entitlement Matrix ...... 19 ii

F. Other Assistance and Benefits: ...... 19 VII. RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING PLAN...... 22 A. Introduction ...... 22 B. Compensation ...... 22 C. Assistance...... 22 D. Costs for Other Impacts: ...... 23 E. RP Implementation and Support Cost ...... 23 F. Source of Funding and Fund FlowManagement ...... 23 G. R&RBudget ...... 23 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM ...... 25 A. Introduction ...... 25 B. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 25 C. Constitution and Function of the GRC ...... 25 IX. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ...... 26 X. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...... 27 A. Introduction ...... 27 B. Schedule for Subproject Implementation ...... 27 C. Subproject Preparation Phase ...... 27 D. RP Implementation Phase ...... 27 E. Monitoring and Reporting Period ...... 27 F. R&R Implementation Schedule ...... 27 XI. MONITORING AND REPORTING ...... 29 A. Need for Monitoring and Reporting ...... 29 B. Monitoring in theSubproject ...... 29

List of Tables

Table 1 Summary of Subproject Impacts ...... 8 Table 2 Loss of Structures and Trees ...... 11 Table 3 Gender –wise demographic details of Mukkachery Subproject Site...... 12 Table 4 Details of Impacted Persons ...... 12 Table 5 Family size of the DPs with gender-disaggregated details ...... 13 Table 6 Income Earned and Types of work pursued by the Impacted Households ...... 13 Table 8 Entitlement Matrix ...... 21 Table 9 Compensation Amount for Coconut Trees ...... 22 Table 10 Compensation Amount for Septic Tank ...... 22 Table 11 R &R Budget ...... 24

List of Figures

Figure 1 Map showing the location of Project ...... 5 Figure 2 A cross-section of the proposed rehabilitation of existing seawall at Mukkachery ...... 6 Figure 3 Map of NCSCM, Chennai showing Mukkachery area with survey numbers ...... 7 Figure 4 Figure showing ownership details pertaining to Survey no 91 ...... 7 Figure 5 Figure showing ownership details pertaining to Survey no 73 ...... 8 Figure 6 Figure showing design drawing of leach pit ...... 20

List of Annexure

Annexure 1: Census Survey Questionnaire………………………………………………………..………………………...30 Annexure 2: Photographs of Consultation ……………………………………………………………………..….……...…34

iii

List of Abbreviations

ADB Asian Development Bank BPL Below Poverty Line BSR Basic Schedule of Rates CMC City Municipal Council DPR Detailed Project Report EA Executive Agency GRC Grievance RedressalCommittee DP Displaced Persons IR Involuntary Resettlement IP Indigenous People LGC Local Grievance Committee OBC Other Backward Caste NCSCM National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management PMU Project Management Unit PW,P&IWT Public Works, Port, and Inland Water Transport RoW Right of Way RP Resettlement Plan RF Resettlement Framework SC Scheduled Caste SCPMIP Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program SMP Shoreline Management Plan SPS ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 ST Scheduled Tribe

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES km - Kilometer m – meter

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1. The Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Programme (SCPMIP), with Multi-tranche Financing Facility of Asian Development Bank (ADB), is being implemented by the Project Management Unit (PMU) of Public Works, Ports and Inland Water Transport Department, (PW, P&IWT), Karnataka. The programme aims at reducing coastal erosion and instability by adopting coastal protection measures and management practices which ensure that the livelihoods of coastal communities are developed and sustained. The Programme is being implemented at selected subproject sites in the maritime districts of Karnataka which are undergoing changes in coastal environment resulting in trauma and hardship to the coastal communities, with the poor, vulnerable groups being worst hit. 2. The subproject site of Mukkachery is one of the sites which is selected for implementing the coastal protection measures as the coast line has seen much deterioration owning to anthropogenic and other activities. 3. This Resettlement Plan for Mukkachery is prepared based on the detailed design report. The RP complies with the applicable Karnataka State Government, Government of India and ADB policy and legal framework. This subproject has been categorized „B‟ for involuntary resettlement and „C‟ for Indigenous People. The total length of the subproject is 635 meters. 4. The subproject area of Mukkachery is located in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. The project implementation will ensure that the coastal community is protected from sea erosion which is a recurring phenomenon that has caused the poor, vulnerable community much hardship. Adequate attention has been given during the feasibility and detailed project design phases of the subproject to minimize the adverse effects and reduce resettlement impacts.

B. SCOPE OF RESETTLEMENT 5. The land on which the coastal construction work is being envisaged is government land. The resettlement impact for this subproject is limited to the width of four meters and this is the RoW for vehicle movement during construction. The impact is on coconut trees and septic tanks (Table E-1). A subproject census survey was carried out to identify the persons who would be impacted by the subproject. Table E-1: Summary Subproject Impacts

Sl no Impacts Number 01 Coconut Tree 4 02 Septic Tank 3

6. The total number of vulnerable houses affected are 7. There are no common property resources at this site. 7. Due to construction activities, there would be impact on the drain pipes that are connected from the houses to the sea. There are 30 such drain pipes. There would also be an impact on the storm water which gets drained into sea from existing culverts during monsoon. C. SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE 8. The socio-economic information of DPs was collected through the census survey. The social stratification of the subproject area shows that Muslims predominate at the subproject site. The sex ratio favors women. The average household size is 8 and the monthly income varies between Rs 5000 to Rs 25,000 depending on the number of working members in the family. Men work on wages, as labourers, in the construction industry as masons, at shops/malls; on an average, they would get Rs 500 per day; they get employment for about 15 days in a month. 9. Dakshina Kannada is one of the coastal districts of Karnataka. It covers Ullal City Municipal Counil (CMC) within the purview of which the subproject area of Mukkachery falls. Ullal CMC has a population of 53,773 of which the Scheduled Caste (SC) population is 897, and that of Scheduled Tribe (ST) is 264. The ST population is 0.49 percent of the total population of Ullal CMC.

10. The Subproject proposal is confined to rehabilitation of the existing sea wall at Mukkachery which is in dilapidated condition. The rehabilitation of the existing sea wall and building an RCC retaining wall for a length of 635 meters would ensure that there is a long term solution that would combat coastal erosion. The subproject construction will not have any adverse consequences on the socio-economic condition of the communities and would not lead to any disruption in their community life or culture. Community hardship of suffering from economic and psychological trauma, especially during rainy season/s would be put to an end. D. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 11. Public consultations were conducted at Mukkachery, awareness on the type of protection measure adopted, the rationale for its selection given the erosion problems, were created. Various stakeholders were consulted through individual interviews. Women of the community were met separately. Further consultations during RP implementation which will involve disclosure on compensation and entitlement package would be held. 12. To ensure transparency, the subproject information will be disseminated through disclosure of resettlement plan document. The EA will provide relevant resettlement information, including information on the project and on compensation in a timely manner, in an accessible place and in a form and language(s) understandable to affected persons and other stakeholders.

E. LEGAL FRAMEWORK 13. The legal framework and principles adopted for addressing resettlement issues in the Project have been guided by the existing legislation and policies of the Government of India, the Government of Karnataka, Safeguard Policy Statement of Asian Development Bank and the Resettlement Framework (RF) adopted for the project. This RP is prepared based on the review and analysis of all applicable legal and policy frameworks of the country and the policy requirements of the ADB. 14. All compensation and other assistances will be paid to all the DPs prior to commencement of construction. After payment of compensation, DPs would be allowed to take away the materials salvaged from their structures – septic tanks and coconut trees. There would be no charges levied upon them for the same. The value of salvaged materials will not be deducted from the overall compensation amount due to the DPs. A notice to the effect will be issued intimating that the DPs can take away the materials. Salvage expense of Rs 3,000 would be given to each of the DPs as has been noted in the RF. F. ENTITLEMENTS, ASSISTANCE AND BENEFITS 15. The subproject does not necessitate any displacement of the community residing at Mukkachery. As such, there are no entitlements that cover the displacement of people. 16. The entitlements cover those whose trees and utilities are within the four-meter RoW. The cut-off date is the date of the census survey which is 20th of December 2020. 17. The DPs will be given sufficient advance notice; there would also be alternate arrangements of providing mobile toilet units as a stop-gap arrangement for the house holds whose septic tank would be impacted. 18. There are provisions made for connecting existing culverts with pipes to drain the storm water into the sea. 19. Also, provision is made for construction of leach pits to enable connection of the drain pipes from the households. 20. The safeguard impacts are assessed based on visible structures. However, the RP makes provision for entitlement for unanticipated impacts. G. RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING PLAN 21. The resettlement cost estimate for this subproject includes eligible compensation, cost for salvaging material, cost for unanticipated impacts and support cost for RP implementation. 22. It also includes the cost for connecting the existing culverts with pipes and construction of leach pits.

23. The unit cost for compensation of trees has been derived with assistance from officials of the Horticultural Department and the unit cost for septic tank is derived by referring to the financial support given under Swachh Bharath Mission for individuals in urban areas. The costs for leach pits is based on BSR value. 24. The total R & R budget for the proposed subproject RP works out to be Rs.14,75,800/ H. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM 25. A Local Redressal Committee will be constituted at the subproject level which will include women of the Self-Help Groups, Line Agencies, Elected Representative of City Municipal Council, and Special Invitees. At the district, there would be a GRC headed by the Deputy Commissioner, his/ her designated deputy. It will have representative from the EA, a representative of DPs, the councilor from Mukkachery ward, and other interest groups as may be necessary. There would be a GRC at the PMU with the PD as the Chairperson. The matter/s not resolved by the GRC formed at the PMU will be referred to the State Level Empowered Committee of SCPMIP. I. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT 26. The Executing Agency (EA) for implementing SCPMIP is the PMU of the PW, P&IWT Department. The PMU has already established a GRM at the various subprojects in which it is implementing the coastal protection project. 27. The EA, headed by the Project Director (PD), has the overall responsibility of the project. The PMU at the subproject site is represented by an Engineer who would provide the necessary support for the duration of the subproject to ensure timely and effective planning and implementation of the resettlement activities.

J. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 28. The implementation of RP mainly consists of compensation to be paid for affected structures and trees. The time for implementation of the resettlement plan will be scheduled as per the overall project implementation. It would be ensured that the compensation is paid prior to the displacement of trees/utilities. The construction of the leach pits and the pipes connecting the existing culverts are measures that would be taken up at the same time when the retaining wall is being built. 29. The proposed subproject R&R activities are divided in to three broad categories based on the stages of work and process of implementation such as Subproject Preparation phase, RP Implementation phase and Monitoring and Reporting phase. The preparation phase includes the submission of RP for ADB approval, establishment of GRC. The implementation phase includes compensation award by the EA and this would be followed by the Monitoring and Reporting phase. K. MONITORING ANDREPORTING 30. The monitoring will be the responsibility of EA and will continue until the completion of the subproject.

I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. Introduction

1. Karnataka's coastline bordering the Arabian Sea has been facing degradation in the coastal ecosystem due to the rise in sea level, which has grave consequences on the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural fabric of the community residing in the three maritime districts Dakshina Kannada, Udupi and Uttara Kannada. Recognizing the need to protect the coasts from the negative consequences of coastal erosion, the Government of Karnataka has set out to execute economically viable protection works using environmentally and socially appropriate solutions by implementing the Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program (SCPMIP). The programme, supported by the Multi- tranche Financing Facility (MFF) of Asian Development Bank (ADB), is being implemented by the Project Management Unit (PMU), Department of Public Works, Ports and Inland Water Transport (PW,P&IWT), Government of Karnataka and is in its second phase of implementation (2017- 2020). 2. As part of the MFF preparation, the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 (SPS) requires that the resettlement framework (RF) should be prepared to guide the project in preparing a resettlement plan (RP), if the project activities involve land acquisition or involuntary resettlement. The RF describes the objective, scope of application, procedure, and principles applied to provide compensation to people who will lose their assets (land and structures) temporarily or permanently. Accordingly, the RF for the MFF SCPMIP was prepared taking cognizance of the ADB SPS 2009 and the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act of 2013. 1 3. Under SCPMIP, the coastal sites of Someshwara, Udyavara, Maravanthe, Kodi Bengre, Yermal Thenka, Kodi Kanyana, Pavinakurve and Murudeshwara located in the three maritime districts of Karnataka- Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, and Udupi were selected to implement the various coastal protection measures during the second phase.2Based on the RF, the subproject sites were scrutinised for Resettlement Impacts and it was concluded that there would be no land acquisition and/or impact on Indigenous People in the project areas. The subproject sites were categorised as category „C‟ for Social Safeguards of Involuntary Resettlement and Indigenous People.3 4. Over time, severe erosion was noticed at Mukkachery sea coast located in Dakshina Kannada district, causing hardship and trauma to the community residing close-by. The deterioration in the existing sea wall at Mukkachery allowed for damage to houses and other structures located close to the coast, especially during monsoon/s. It has become imperative to safeguard the lives and property of those living close to the coast by taking up suitable coastal protection measures by adding Mukkachery to the list of subproject sites selected earlier. 5. The site of Mukkachery is assessed for Social Safeguard Impacts. Based on field investigations and interactions with various stakeholders and „good for construction‟ drawings, the subproject site of Mukkachery has been categorized „B‟ for involuntary resettlement and „C‟ for indigenous peoples. This has necessitated the preparation of Resettlement Plan (RP) for the subproject site of Mukkachery. The RP complies with the Government of India policies, Karnataka State Government policies,and the ADB‟s Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009.

B. MukkacherySubproject Details 6. The subproject site of Mukkachery is located in Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka State (Figure 1)

7. At Mukkachery, a sea wall is seen along the coastline, measuring 635 meters. This sea wall, however, is in dilapidated condition.

1Ref: The Resettlement Framework prepared for Tranche 2, Karnataka, Project Number 40156-033, May 2016, Appendix 8, India: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program- Tranche 2 Karnataka. 2The sites of Murudeshwara and Pavinakurve have been dropped from the project radar owning to technical constraints. 3Ref: ADB Aide Memoire of Loan Fact-Finding Mission , 15-24 September 2015, dated 28th September 2015. 4

Figure 1 Map showing the location of Project

C. General Profile of Mukkachery 8. Mukkachery site is a part of Ullal City Municipal Council (CMC), which comprises of 27 wards; of this, five wards namely, Mukkachery, Subshnagar, Mogavera Patna, Kodi, and Kotepura are on the coastal line. Erosion is high at the coastal line covering the wards of Mukkachery and Subshnagar; the two wards host a total of 738 households. A brief profile of Ullal CMC is summarized below: 9. Ullal CMC notes a population of 53,773, with 26,555 men and 27,218 women (as per the 2011 Census). The total number of households within the CMC limits is 9588. Muslims form 56.10%, Hindus 34.48%, and Christians 9.34% of the population. Most of the Hindus belong to either Beary or Mogaveera caste. The Scheduled Caste (SC) population is 897, and that of Scheduled Tribe (ST) is 264. The ST population is 0.49 percent of the total population of Ullal CMC.As per a survey conducted in 2000, 3,475 persons are living below the poverty line4. Mukkachery Subproject does not impact on any Indigenous People. D. Coastal Projection Measure 10. After considering various parameters, the coastal protection design that has been finalized, is to rehabilitate the existing sea wall and build an RCC retaining wall for a length of 635 meters at Mukkachery (Figure 2). This construction extends from Subshnagar (also known as Caiko area) to Hilarya Nagar and C- Grounds (located within and referred to as Mukkachery).

4Source: Office of the City Municipal Council Ullal, August 2018. 5

Figure 2 A cross-section of the proposed rehabilitation of existing seawall at Mukkachery

E. Impact and Benefits of Coastal Protection Measure 11. The rehabilitation of the sea wall and building an RCC retaining wall will effectively stop the sea erosion, a bane suffered by the vulnerable community living close to the sea coast at Mukkachery. The poor economic condition/s of the people has placed a restraint on them to relocate to other areas. They suffer from economic and psychological trauma especially during rainy season/s. The impact and benefits of implementing the subproject measures would result in putting an end to the:

 Loss of house/s, other structure/s,and trees  Recurring expenses incurred on the repair of the house/s due to the onslaught of sea waves every monsoon  Vulnerability faced due to unsafe conditions that are encountered during every rainy season  Psychological trauma and hardship that the poor and vulnerable community, especially the women, go through every year during the rainy season by relocating temporarily, which also results in incurring expenses. 12. As per „good for construction‟ drawing, the impact of the protection measure is limited to a four- meter Right of Way (RoW). There would be no impact on private land as the land is that of the Government. The entire subproject site is on government land and does not entail the acquisition of land; the impacted residents are non-titled holders. 13. Further, plotting the proposed sea wall on the NCSCM Map shows that there are two survey numbers in this corridor, Survey Numbers 91 and 73 (Figure 3). Checking the land record details by accessing „Bhoomi‟ (Government of Karnataka‟s website of land records), it is clear that the land belongs to the government (Figures 4 and 5).

Figure 3 Map of NCSCM, Chennai showing Mukkachery area with survey numbers

Figure 4 Figure showing ownership details pertaining to Survey no 91

Figure 5 Figure showing ownership details pertaining to Survey no 73

14. While reconstructing the sea wall and building the retaining wall, a width of Four meters has been considered necessary for the movement of the vehicles. It would impact a few trees and septic tanks some of which are in the right of way of construction. (Table 1) Table 1 Summary of Subproject Impacts

SlNo Impacts Number

01 Coconut Tree 4 02 Septic Tank 3

15. Also, during excavation works, the drain pipes that are running from the frontline houses towards the sea are likely to get affected. There are 30 such drain pipes. F. Minimizing Impacts 16. The construction methodology that will be adopted to construct the sea wall aims at minimizing impacts.The alignment is shifted towards the seaside wherever possible so that the RoW is decreased, thereby reducing Resettlement Impacts. Following is the methodology adopted to minimise impacts: 17. Construction of retaining wall: The retaining wall construction is at the existing sea wall location where the raft foundation edges towards the landside; this would ensure safe construction.For the construction of the retaining wall, the bottom end of the foundation excavated may require up to two- meters width between the sea wall and the existing houses. The width is on an average required throughout the entire length of the revetment. In places where the distance between the buildings and the existing sea wall is less than two meters, either lower width for excavation will be considered, or sufficient care shall be taken to ensure that the buildings/other amenities/trees which are in proximity to the excavated area are not impacted in anyway. 18. Placement of the Rocks: After constructing the retaining wall upto the ground elevation, a platform of sufficient area shall be constructed towards the seaside, and the rest of the construction, including removing and placing of the stones/boulders/tetrapods as required will be carried out. During this process, the houses are not impacted as the construction is towards the seaside. 19. Barricade: The trucks carrying the required materials may need to utilize the space in between the existing houses and the sea wall. To mitigate the adverse effects, if any, a barricade would be placed between the right of way and the front-line dwellings for the safety of people. 8

20. Connecting Pipes: The piplelines going towards the sea from the houses would be impacted at the time of excavation. The drain pipes would be connected and safely disposed into leach pits. 21. Stormwater Drain: Because of the construction of the retaining wall, there would be storm water accumulation that would cause inconvenience to the community residing at the subproject site. This would be safely diverted to the sea by using appropriate methods. G. Scope and Objective ofthe Resettlement Plan 22. The aim of this Resettlement Plan (RP) is to mitigate all such unavoidable negative impacts caused due to the subproject and compensate the affected persons. The RP has been prepared based on the findings of the census survey and consultations with various stakeholders. The RP complies with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009. The issues identified and addressed in this document are as follows: . Type and extent of assets . Impacts on vulnerable groups such as the poor, women and other disadvantaged sections of the society . Public Consultation . Existing legal and administrative framework and formulation of resettlement policy for the subproject . Preparation of entitlement matrix, formulation of compensation strategy . R&R cost estimate including provision for fund and . Institutional framework for the implementation of the plan, including grievance redress mechanism, monitoring, and reporting. H. Methodology for Social ImpactAssessment 23. For the preparation of the resettlement plan, a social impact assessment of the subproject site was carried out, which included resettlement screening, subproject census survey of affected assets and households and also conduct public consultation. 24. The detail of the methodology adopted is discussed in the following section. I. ResettlementScreening 25. An exploratory survey was done during August 2018 to gather information on the status of land ownership, the presence of structures adjacent to the sea coast. Specific attention was given to assess the land use and environmental aspects related to the selected project site. J. Understanding the Alignment 26. The existing sea wall is not in a straight line. The line alignment for the construction of the wall cannot be uniform either. The RoW, as per the „good for construction‟ drawing, has been fixed at four meters from the proposed sea wall towards the land. The probable risk for damage of structures, residences, commercial spaces, if any, sanitation structures, utility, and trees were assessed during field visits. K. Census Survey and Inventory of Assets

Census Survey:

27. Following the design finalization, those households were identified which were coming within a corridor of four meters. A census of the Displaced Persons (DPs) was carried out with the objective of identification and to make an inventory of their assets that may be impacted, due to the construction of the sea wall. The inventory of assets and household details was undertaken for better targeting and ascertaining actual resettlement costs and for preparing the resettlement budget. 28. Questionnaire (Annexure 1: Census Survey Questionnaire) was used to collect detailed information on affected households/properties for a full understanding of impacts to develop mitigation measures and the RP for the DPs.The details sought and the comprehensiveness of the questionnaire has been commensurate with the magnitude of potential impacts/risks.The vulnerability of the households, physically and mentally challenged persons, and women-headed households as also the poverty status have been noted.

29. The census survey covered the following: a. Identification of trees, septic tanks,and drainage pipes b. Identification of the owners of the trees and septic tank c. Physical assessment of the affected assets d. Assessing household characteristics, including social, economic and demographic profile e. Categorization and measurements of potential loss with the help of officials from the Department of Horticulture, Zilla Panchayath, Dakshina Kannada, and officials of the PMU.

Asset Inventory:

I. 30. To assess the drain pipes- their number and the way in which the sullage is disposed at present, an inventory of drain pipes was done.5

5Field investigation on 19th Feb 2020 by PMU and PMDC 10

II. SCOPE FOR POTENTIAL IMPACTS

A. Introduction 1. The construction site and the corridor for vehicle movement is that of the government. There is no land acquisition. The corridor of construction has been finalized as four meters. There are a few trees, septic tanks and drainage pipes that are within the RoW. Moreover, due to the rehabilitation of the sea wall and the construction of a retaining wall, it is envisaged that there would be impact to the sullage drain pipes which run from individual houses and drain into the sea at present. Also because of the construction of a retaining wall, the storm water drains that are in place, would have to be diverted appropriately. B. Resettlement Impacts 2. The resettlement impact for this subproject is limited to the width of four meters; the corridor is taken landward with the line of alignment fixed at the seaside (where the existing sea wall will be rehabilitated).The movement of the vehicles during construction would affect trees, septic tanks and household drains that are within the four-meter corridor. Ownership for the trees and septic tanks have been identified based on the census survey; this forms the basis for identifying the DPs. Census Survey has been carried out between the 11th and 19th of December 2019. The findings of the census survey are discussed in the following sections. C. Zone of Impact of Project Activities 3. Assessing specific details such as the exact distance between the line of construction and the amenities, structures such as buildings/houses, trees etc. has shown that there are four coconut trees, and three septic tanks within the four-meter corridor. 4. In the construction area, there are household drains which are anticipated to be affected during excavation works. There are 30 drain pipes that connect the sullage from the houses directly to the sea. 5. Storm water is likely to get accumulated during rainy seaon owning to the construction of retaining wall. D. Impacts due to loss of coconut trees and septic tanks 6. The number of households which would be affected due to the loss of structures and trees is given in the table below. Table 2 Loss of Structures and Trees

Sl Structure in the Affected Number of Number of no Area Structures Households 01 Coconut Trees 4 4 02 Septic Tanks 3 3 Total 7 7

7. The households are not getting much yield from the coconut trees, as per the respondents at the time of census survey. 8. Sufficient notice will be given to the households which have septic tanks impacted so that they could make alternate arrangements. The RP also makes provision for alternate toilet arrangements which could be used till the DPs build their septic tanks. E. Other Impacts: 9. The excavation work that would impact the drain pipes will force the community to leave the sullage from the kitchen and bathroom to overflow within the work area. 10. Due to the construction of the retaining wall, the area is likely to get impacted as the storm water drain to the sea would be impaired. 11. The safeguard impacts are assessed based on the visible structures. The RP makes provision for entitlement for unanticipated impacts.

III. SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE

A. General Socio-economic Profile of the Subproject Area 1. The subproject area of Mukkachery is located in Ullal, Mangalore Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district. Ullal City Municipal Council (CMC) has a total of 27 wards. The wards of Mukkachery and Subshanagar cover the subproject site. A profile of the subproject site is presented below.

The gender-wise demographic details, of the two wards, are presented in the table below. Table 3 Gender –wise demographic details of Mukkachery Subproject Site.

Name of the coastal No of Sl no Population Men Women Ward households

01 Mukkachery 2749 1353 1396 420

02 Subshnagar 2079 955 1124 318

Source: Office of Ullal CMC, August 2018 2. Muslims are predominant in Mukkachery and Subshanagar wards. There would be less than 20 households, which would be that of other religious groups. There are no STs in the two wards. In the area (two wards), there are two Anganwadis, two masjids, and two madrasas, a fishmeal center, anda fish oil extractioncenterare present. There are four petty shops as per the community. 3. Of the total houses which add to 738 in the two wards, 175 households are in the vicinity of the sea coast (as revealed by the Elected Representative of MukkacheryWard). These houses are semi - pucca structures with tiled roofs; around 30% of the houses would be kacha, 30% semi-pucca, and rest are pucca houses at this coastal site. Those staying on rent pay an amount betweenRs 3,000 to Rs 3,500 per month; in the inland area, this would be around Rs 10,000 or more. 4. Those of the community residing adjoining to the sea coast (175 households) pursue fishing (around 90 of them);the rest are into fish -related work such as cleaning of boats, filling of iceboxes, washing yard etc. Previously, the community would go to Goa, Karwar and other areas to look for such occupations;now they go to Ullal and Mangalore Port. Many fish oil, fish meal,and fish drying manufacturing/industrial units are located nearby (near Nethravati River). The units employ a large number of local workers, mainly men. Other than the fish processing units, boat manufacturers and the repair industry also employ the residents of this area. Women are into beedi( Indian cigarettes) rolling and work from their homes. 5. The household identification of the DPs arein the table given below: Table 4 Details of Impacted Persons

Sl Name of the Head of Type of Distance from House Number no the HH structure/tree the alignment line ( in meters) 01 Mohammed Yusuf Coconut Tree 3.9 15-84/33 02 Mohammed Ashraf Coconut Tree 4 15-84/46 03 Kaleel Coconut Tree 3.6 15-110/31 04 Salim Coconut Tree 3.7 15-110/45 05 Aboobakkar Siddiq Septic Tank 3.9 15-84/52

06 Salam Septic Tank 4.0 15-84/47 07 Mohammed Ali Septic Tank 4.0 15-110/29

B. Social Categories of the Impacted Persons

II. 6. The social stratification of the DPs shows that they are Muslims by religion; they had migrated from Kerala two to three decades ago. The language that they speak is Beary.

C. Number of DPs 7. Impact is envisaged on eight families; the average size of the family is 8. Often there is only one earning member and at least five to six dependents, either school going or adults.The sex ratio favours women( Table 5).

Table 5 Family size of the DPs with gender-disaggregated details

Sl Name of the Head of Size of the family No of men No of women no the HH ( total number of persons) 01 Mohammed Yusuf 11 6 5 02 Mohammed Ashraf 6 2 4 03 Kaleel 11 6 5 04 Salim 5 2 3 05 Aboobakkar Siddiq 7 2 5

06 Salam 11 3 8 07 Mohammad Ali 8 4 4 Total 65 28 37

D. Income Levels 8. About 150 families of the population of the coastal wards are living below the poverty line at Mukkachery (this is based on 2000 Survey). Men work on wages; on an average, they would get Rs 500 per day; they get employment for about 15 days. The unavailability of job/s year-round keeps the community in distress. 9. The monthly income varies from Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 25,000 as per the survey responses, the variation depends on the number of working members in the family. (Table 6) Table 6 Income Earned and Types of work pursued by the Impacted Households

Sl Name of the Head of No of working Monthly Income Type of work no the HH members( male) Labour- at 01 Mohammed Yusuf Rs 20-25,000 3 shops/mall 02 Mohammed Ashraf Rs 12, 000 1 Labor - Factory Labor at shop -2 03 Kaleel Rs 22,000 3 Help in fishing 1 04 Salim Rs. 5000 1 As mason Aboobakkar Siddiq 05 Rs. 18000 1 Labor-at Port

06 Salam Rs5-6000 1 As Mason 07 Mohammad Ali Rs8000 1 As mason

E. Educational Status 10. Those above 45 years of age are illiterates and can at best sign their names. School and college dropouts are typical. F. Occupational Status 11. As found by the census survey, men work as laborers hiring themselves out as masons or as helpers to the fishermen in their fishing activities, including marketing of the catch. They also seek employment as workersat the shipyards as helpers.Some work at shops/mall, and this enables them to get a more steady income.

G. Impact on Indigenous People 12. At the project site, there are no STs. The need for addressing the Indigenous People issue, therefore, does not arise. H. Gender Impact 13. The sex ratio at the project site favours women. The number of women exceeds that of men, as seen in Table 5. Also, Ullal CMC has noted a population of 53773, with 26555 men and 27218 women (as per the Census of 2011). 14. The women, at the project site, are into beedi-rolling. The women, as also their families, do not consider it as an occupation worth mentioning.For rolling 1000 beedis(Indian cigarettes),they receive Rs. 170- Rs. 200/. On average, they earn about Rs. 400 which is used to meet some of the household expenses, especially sundry expense of children. Women prefer this work as they can balance it with household work.

15. Most of the houses of the Impacted Persons are in the name of the women. 16. The project benefits women. As per survey responses, the perceived benefits from the subprojectsare:  Permanent solution to the recurring problem of erosion  Reduction in psychological trauma perceived especially during rainy season/s  Safety for children, family  Saving of money spent on repairs of the house due to the onslaught of the sea.

I. Vulnerability Status 17. The DPs can be categorized as vulnerable owning to their status of poverty. All of them are BPL card holders.

IV. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION

A. Stakeholders in the Subproject 1. Both primary and secondary stakeholders of the subproject were consulted. The primary stakeholders are the DPs, the community residing close to the sea coast, the ward members, and the officials of the PMU, which is the Executing Agency. The consultation wasalso done with the secondary stakeholder that is the Village Accountant and some of the officials of Ullal CMC. B. Information Disclosure 2. At the project site, the information regarding the project will be displayed. This includes project details, the amount allotted for executing the project, the name of the firm implementing the project, the duration that would be taken to complete the project and such other details. 3. This RP document will be translated into Kannada and uploaded in SCPMIP website as also ADB website. C. Public Consultation in the Subproject 4. One-to-one conversational interview were held with some of the community members of the subproject as also the ward members. The proposed site of Mukkachery was visited during August 2018 and March 2019, interactions were held with the community, and the councilors of Ullal selected from the wards as also the officials of the Ullal CMC, the Commissioner, Engineer, Village Accountant, and others. Visits were also made during February 2020 to interact with the community to assess the number of drain

pipes that are draining sullage. D. Methods of Public Consultation 5. Individual interviews, discussions, joint field-visits were held as also Census survey was conducted. Awareness programme on the coastal protection method adopted to combat sea erosion at Mukkachery was held. E. Scope of Consultation and Issues

6. The need for the subproject was expressed by the community, at various forums, in an informal way to the multiple stakeholders. The awareness on coastal protection measures, especially at Mukkachery, was explained by the Joint Director, PMU, at the public consultation held on the 17th of January 2020. 7. Transparency in implementation would be achieved; there would be boards placed by the PMU as also the contractor on the various aspects and stages of implementation. Processes are on to bring the Deputy Commissioner/ her deputy on board of the GRC. F. Findings/ Concerns Expressed by the Community 8. The informal meetings with the stakeholders have revealed that the eroding sea harasses the community, and there are temporary measures taken up every year, which amounts to rebuilding the dilapidated wall which they say was built by the Port Department more than 25 years ago. Many of them recalled losing houses, coconut and casuarina trees over the years. The community remembers that over the last ten years, around 50 coconut trees, 150- 200 casuarina trees have been destroyed due to coastal erosion. The community prefers that there should be a permanent solution to this recurring problem/s. 9. Women, residing close to the sea coast, were also interacted with separately. They spoke about the need to stay at Mukkachery as they cannot afford to pay rents at localities, which allows easy access for the children to go to school and for the menfolk to go to their workplaces. G. Plan for further consultation 10. Continuous consultations, discussion, and disclosure on compensation, the modality of releasing, and further issues will be considered from time- to -time.

V. LEGAL FRAMEWORK

A. Introduction 1. SCPMIP is funded by the ADB Multi-tranche Financing Facility (MFF). As part of the MFF preparation, the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 (SPS) requires that the resettlement framework (RF) is prepared to guide the project in preparing a resettlement plan (RP), if the project activities involves involuntary resettlement. 2. The objective of the RF, prepared for purposes of the project, is to guide the MFF activities in order to avoid and minimize involuntary resettlement whenever possible by exploring design alternatives. If involuntary resettlement is unavoidable, the project activities should at least restore the livelihood of all displaced persons (DPs) to the “pre-project” level,and improve the living standards of displaced poor and vulnerable groups. 3. The RF applies to all DPs with or without land status affected permanently or temporarily due to

subproject activities, including purchase and temporary use of land during construction.

B. Legal Policy Framework and Entitlements 4. The policy framework and entitlements for the sub-project are based on national and state laws that include (i) Right to Fair Compensation and transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act RTFCTLARR 2013, (ii) ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 and the agreed Resettlement Framework, (iii) state laws and regulations of Government of Karnataka on land acquisition, and (iv) ADB„s Policy on Involuntary Resettlement. Based on these policy documents, the involuntary resettlement policies of SCPMIP are as follows : 5. Acquisition of land will be avoided as far as possible, else minimize to the best possible extent; In case resettlement cannot be avoided, relocation site/s - permanent or temporary, with zero environmental risks and availability & accessibility to necessary infrastructures and amenities will be provided before relocation. 6. Relocation of DPs will be provided with assistance to maintain or improve their pre-subproject living standards, income earning capacity, and production levels. 7. Assistance will be provided to restore the economic and social status of the DPs as was provided in the previous location, or assist them in integrating well with the host community. 8. All stakeholders, mainly DPs, will be involved in consultation and disclosure of all sub-project activities at different time intervals. It means consultation regarding alternative measures, design work, safeguard issues, to avoid, else minimize the negative impacts of R&R requirements. And correspondingly disclosure of RP, compensation and entitlement plan, eligibility criteria of DPs and list of identified DP, and any other special measures planned to be undertaken for their protection and welfare; 9. DPs will be identified following a structured project impact assessment, assessing the Socio- economic survey of the DPs and will be notified well in advance of the need for land acquisition. It will be followed by preparing a R&R plan with due consultation with the DPs. DPs with no formal legal rights to land and assets will also receive compensation, entitlement and rehabilitation assistance. 10. While providing R&R assistance, special attention will be paid to the socially and economically vulnerable groups that will include ethnic minorities, indigenous people, women-headed households, a household with more elderly people and/ or disabled, and people living below the poverty line. 11. The compensation is to be disbursed to the DPs before impact and also, other resettlement assistance to be initiated prior to the award of civil works contract. 12. An institutional framework is to be prepared and established to carry out the R&R activities, such as consultation and disclosure, land acquisition, resettlement and monitoring to ensure the effective resettlement implementation before the commencement of the sub-project. 13. The R&R plan will also develop/ include grievance redressal mechanism. Once the cell (GRC) is formed, the DPs will duly disclose its existence

C. Legal and Policy Framework, Karnataka

The Land Acquisition (Karnataka Extension and Amendment) Act, 1961

14. Multiple acts govern land acquisition in Karnataka, such as The Land Acquisition (Karnataka) Rules, 1965, The Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (Central Act 1 of 1894) with certain amendments, and the Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1961 (Karnataka Act No. 10 of 1962). The most important act is the Land Acquisition (Karnataka Extension and Amendment Act), 1961. This act extends to the State of Karnataka. The Act addresses the need for determining the value of the land, the compensation, fixation of the amount of compensation, the manner of giving compensation, type of other benefits to be given to land losers.

D. Comparison Between National and State Policies and ADB’sSPS 15. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (LARR Act, 2013), which has integrated provisions of National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy (NRRP) (2007) with that of “The Land Acquisition Act” (LAA) of 1894 (as amended in 1984), recognizes titleholders and non-titleholders affected by land acquisition. However, non-title holders such as squatters and encroachers, who have been using the land for less than three years prior to the acquisition of the land, are excluded from the purview of the Act. Under the investment program funded by this MFF, the non-titleholders who are using the land for less than three years prior to the land acquisition will be recognized and will be compensated in accordance with ADB‟s involuntary resettlement requirement as described in the ADB SPS 2009. 16. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013 has come into effect from January 1, 2014. This Act both complements the revision of the NRRP (2007) and decreases the gaps between the LAA and ADB's SPS significantly. The Act also expands compensation coverage of the principal Act by requiring that the value of trees, plants, or standing crops damaged must also be included and is100% compensated. Furthermore, the Act has to match with ADB requirements for all compensation to be paid prior to the project taking possession of any land. 17. Therefore, the LARR Act, 2013, has established near equivalence of the government‟s policies with those of ADB's SPS. The adoption of the below principles for the project has ensured that both are covered in their application to this project. E. R&R Policy Framework Applicable for Mukkachery Subproject 18. The state laws and regulation on land acquisition and ADBs SPS will form the basic principles for Mukkachery Subproject, which will include the following elements:  Impacts will be avoided or minimized as much as possible by adopting alternative engineering solutions to the Subproject  Gender equality and equity would be ensured and adhered to  Compensation for loss of structures, trees and other assets will be based on full

replacement cost and will be paid before physical displacement of the structures/trees.

 All compensation/assistance payments and related activities will be completed prior to the commencement of civil works

 RP will be implemented with participation of local authorities

 All DPs are entitled to receive compensation/assistance irrespective of title over land/property.

19. Regarding the eligibility of compensation, all DPs will be provided with compensation – those who have lost their trees and other structures or those whose trees and structures are damaged due to the Subproject implementation.The absence of legal documents of their customary rights of occupancy/titles will not affect their eligibility for compensation. 20. It also must be noted that during the subproject implementation stage, if there are any changes in the alignments, thereby adversely affecting the land, livelihood, or other assets of the people, the same shall be compensated in keeping with the spirit of RF. 17

F. Valuation ofAssets 21. The asset valuation will be done based on the principle of compensation at the replacement cost of the affected asset.

(a) Valuation of Structures: The valuation ofthe septic tank is determined based onthe support amounts given in urban area under Swachh Bharat Programme for individual households in urban areas.

(b) Valuation of Crops/ Trees: The valuation of trees is based on a survey of market prices, which is determined by the competent authority, the Department of

Horticulture, Zilla Panchayat, Dakshina Kannada district.

22. All compensation and other assistance will be paid to all DPs prior to the commencement of civil works. After payment of compensation, DPs would be allowed to take away the materials salvaged from their structures and trees and no charges will be levied upon them for the same.The value of salvaged

materials will not be deducted from the overall compensation.

VI. ENTITLEMENTS, ASSISTANCEANDBENEFITS A. Introduction 1. The subproject does not necessitate any displacement of the community residing at Mukkachery. As such, there are no entitlements that cover the displacement of people. 2. The entitlements cover those whose trees and utilities that are within the RoW. The entitlement matrix includes those of the community who would be impacted due to the removal of coconut trees and septic tanks. B. Cut-off-Date forEntitlement 3. The cut- off date for the entitlement is 20th of December 2019 when the survey was completed. C. SubprojectEntitlement 4. The entitlement provisions in terms of loss of trees and septic tanks as identified by the census survey are detailed below: 5. Loss of Structure and Trees: The details on the determination of compensation is: (i) Compensation of septic tank will be paid at the replacement cost calculated as per the norms prescribed under Swachh Bharat Mission, for private urban households (ii) Compensation to the coconut trees is based on the evaluation by the department of Horticulture done for each coconut tree that would be impacted. (iii) Right to salvage material/ the tree that is cut (iv) Free transport facility or shifting assistance of Rs 3000, as per the RF prepared for SCPMIP 2.

D. Unanticipated impacts

6. The safeguard impacts are assessed based on visible structures. The RP makes provision for entitlement for unanticipated impacts.

E. EntitlementMatrix 7. The subproject Entitlement Matrix (Table 7) lists types of losses, eligibility and entitlements based on the specific subproject impacts.

F. Other Assistance and Benefits: 8. As a part of the community development initiative, it is proposed to build leach pit/s, to safely dispose the sullage arising from the households. House-to-house interaction has revealed that there are 30 drain pipes in the vicinity of the construction area which are draining sullage directly to the sea thus breaching environemental norms. Construction activities such as the excavation work would damage the pipes and allow for the overflow of drain water within the work area causing water stagnation which has health implications. In order to overcome this and to comply to the Indian Enviornmental Regulations it is proposed to construct eight leach pits so that three to four households can connect their pipes to these leach pits.The pipes have been marked along with the chainage for purposes of enabling safe disposal. The community would be advised, in advance, to connect the household pipes to the leach pits (Figure 6).

Figure 6 Figure showing design drawing of leach pit

9. Due to the construction of the retaining wall, it would be necessary to appropriately drain the storm water. There are three existing culverts at the subproject site and these would be connected by a common pipe and drained by sloping them towards the sea.

Table 7 Entitlement Matrix

Type of Loss Identification of Entitlement Details Affected Households A: LOSSES OF STRUCTURES Septic tanks Households Compensation a) The Displaced Persons will be notified of the time within RoW which have for structure at when the septic tanks would be removed septic tanks replacement b) The right to salvage material from a demolished within the four- cost and other structure at no cost. meter of RoW assistance c) Compensation for loss of structure to be paid by the subproject d) Alternate arrangements till septic tanks are rebuilt e) Rs 3000 as transport cost to take away the salvaged material

B: LOSSES OF COCONUT TREES

Coconut Households Compensation a) The Displaced Persons will be notified of a time in trees within which have for trees at which the trees would be removed RoW trees within the replacement b) Right to salvage material from the tree at no cost four-meter of cost and other c) Compensation for loss of tree at the cost, as RoW assistance determined by the Horticulture Department,to be paid by the subproject. d) Rs 3000 as transport cost to take away the salvaged material

C: REHABILITATION MEASURES Any Identification of Compensati Any unanticipated consequence of the subproject will unanticipated households to which -on at be documented and mitigated based on the spirit of the adverse impact the affected structures replacement principles agreed upon in the RF. due to subproject belong to cost and intervention other assistance

10. All compensation and other assistance will be paid prior to the actual work of removing the trees, and septic tanks. After the payment of compensation, the DPs would be allowed to take away the materials salvaged from the coconut trees and structures with no charges levied upon them for the same. 11. Alternate toilet arrangements are made in order to ensure that the DPs are not put into inconvenience till they build their septic tanks.

VII. RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCINGPLAN

A. Introduction 1. The resettlement cost estimate for this subproject includes compensation for the loss of structure and trees. The items of this R&R cost estimate outline given below:

a. Compensation for coconut trees b. Compensation for septic tanks c. Transport charge for transporting the salvaged material d. Cost for implementation of RP. e. Alternate arrangments for use of toilet f. Construction of leach pits for disposal of sullage. g. Diversion of storm water by connecting the existing culverts with pipes h. Cost for unanticipated impacts i. Cost for holding public consultation and constituting GRC B. Compensation 2. For the cost estimate of the coconut trees, the official of the Horticultural Department, Zilla Panchayat, Dakshina Kannada district, was consulted. The Official of the Department visited the site on 19.12.2019 and estimated the cost of each tree based on the classification. The classification was done using parameters such as the age of the tree, its health condition, yield, and the report was received on the 6th of January 2020. (Table 9 for details).

Table 8 Compensation Amount for Coconut Trees

Categorized Value ( as given Shifting as under by the Assistance Sl Name of the Head (by the Total Department of In Rs. no of the HH Department In Rupees Horticulture) ( as per of In Rs. RF) Horticulture) 01 Mohammed Yusuf 2 13,641.13 3000 16,641.13 02 Mohammed Ashraf 2 13,400.56 3000 16,400.56 03 Khallel 3 9471.3 3000 12,471.3 04 Salim 3 9123.86 3000 12,123.86 Total for coconut Trees Rs. 45,636.85 Rs. 12000 Rs. 57636.85

3. The rate for septic tank is are based on the guidelines of Swatch Bharath Mission- as support coast for individual toilets in urban areas.(Table 9 and 10). Table 9 Compensation Amount for Septic Tank

Shifting Sl Name of the Head Value Assistance Total no of the HH In Rs. In Rs. In Rupees ( as per RF) 01 AbubakkarSiddiq 15,000 3000 18000 02 Salam 15,000 3000 18,000 03 Mohammad Ali 15,000 3000 18,000 Total for Septic TanksRs45, 000 Rs.9000 Rs 54,000

C. Assistance 4. Assistance to the DPs as transport cost /shifting assistance for the salvaged structure and /or trees – the amount of Rs 3000/

D. Costs for Other Impacts: 5. The cost estimation for the leach pits are based on BSR value. Eight leach pits which would conntect 30 drain pipes are considered; three to four pipes would drain into one leach pit. 6. Three culverts for draining storm water are in place within a stretch of 130 meters. They would be connected using reinforced cement concrete pipe NP3 and drained by sloping them towards the sea. E. RP Implementation and SupportCost 7. Establishment of GRC as per the RF and conduct of meetings; honorarium expense of the official's fee and costs incurred in holding public consultation are considered under this, and a lump sum of Rs 10,000 for each (GRC and public consultation) are included in the R & R budget. F. Source of Funding and Fund FlowManagement 8. The EA will bear the cost related to compensation. The EA will ensure the allocation of funds and the availability of resources for the smooth implementation of the subproject R&R activities. The EA will, in advance, initiate the process and will try to keep the approval for the R&R budget in the fiscal budget. The EA will directly pay the money and/other forms of assistance to the DPs. The EA will be involved in facilitating the disbursement process. 9. For other costs mentioned in this RP, the EA will ensure implementation by disbursing the money to the contractor who would be implementing the coastal construction work.

G. R&RBudget 10. A detailed indicative R&R cost is given in Table11

Table 10 R&R Budget

Rate Item Unit Sl. per unit Amount

No. (in Rs) ( in Rs)

A Compensation for Structure and Trees 1 Compensation for Septic Tank 3 15,000 45,000 13,641 13,400 2 Compensation for Coconut Trees 4 45,636 9,471 9,124 Subtotal A 90,636 B Assistance Number

1 Assistance for people whose septic tank 3 3,000 9,000 will be impacted

2 Assistance for people whose trees would 4 3,000 12,000 be impacted Subtotal B 21,000

C RP Implementation Support Cost Number Alternate Toilet arrangements(mobile 1 2 1,45,000 2,90,000 units)

2 Unanticipated impacts 50,000 Subtotal C 3,40,000

D Costs for Other Impacts

1 Construction of leach pits for sullage 8 82,000 6,56,000 disposal from drain pipes

2,14,000 2 Diversion of Storm water Subtotal D 8,70,000

E Other Costs

1 Public Consultation Cost ( lump sum) 10,000

2 Grievance Redressal Cost ( lump sum) 10,000 Subtotal E 20,000 Total (A+B+C+D+E) 13,41,636 Contingency (10%) 1,34,163.00 GRAND TOTAL 14,75,800.00

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESSALMECHANISM A. Introduction 1. For the effective implementation of the subproject RP, a Grievance Redressal Committee will be formed. Once functional, the Committee would resolve the queries and complaints that may arise. B. Grievance RedressMechanism 2. The EA will establish a mechanism to receive concerns and grievances that the community residing at the sea coast of Mukkachery would have. The Grievance Redressal Mechanism will address the affected persons' concerns and complaints, those from the vulnerable groups. Gender sensitivity and

cultural appropriateness will be given due cognizance while addressing the grievances. C. Constitution and Function of theGRC 3. Composition and functions of GRC: (i) Local Grievance Committee (LGC): The LGC will include members of Self Help Groups (SHGs), Line Agencies, representative of City Municipal Council, Special invitee, etc. A time frame of two weeks has been allotted to settle the matter that would be submitted by the aggrevied party. (ii) Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) at the district level: At the district level, there shall be one GRC. The GRC will be headed by the District Collector (DC) or his/her designated representative. It will have representative from the EA, a representative of DPs, the councilor from Mukkachery ward, and other interest groups as may be necessary. The committee will meet at least once every month. The agenda forthe meeting shall be circulated to all the members and affected persons/aggrieved parties along with venue, date and time; they would be informed in writing at least seven days in advance of the meeting. The matter shall remain with GRC for one month, and if the grievance is not resolved within this period, the matter shall be referred to GRC at PMU.The GRC will provide a platform for people to raise objections about the compensation given to them. The GRC would resolve conflict, if any, and address issues raised adequately. The GRCs will continue to function during the entire life of the subproject. The EA will bear the costs incurred in resolving the complaints. (iii) GRC at PMU: There shall be one GRC in PMU. The matters not resolved by the GRC at PIU level within one month shall come under GRC, PMU. It will include Community/Social Development Specialist, Safeguard Specialist Environmentas members, and Project Director (PD) PMU as Chairman. The Committee shall look into the matters, which are referred to and not resolved by GRC. If the issue is not resolved by the GRC at the PMU level within one month, the aggrieved person/party can bring the matter to the State Level Empowered Committee of SCPMIP.

4. The EA will maintain a comprehensive record for all grievance proceedings and subsequent redress. Some of the specific functions of the GRC will be as following: . To provide support to the impacted community on problems arising out of compensation for the value of assets; . To record the grievances, prioritize and solve those needing immediate attention within a fixed frame of 30 days.

IX. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

1. The PMU will be responsible for overall facility implementation, monitoring, and supervision. A Safeguards Officer will be part of the PMU. The Project Management and Design Consultants (PMDC) will have a Social Development Specialist who will guide and work together with the Safeguards Officer at the PMU to effectively implement the resettlement framework and ensure that the RP complies with safeguard provisions of the Investment program. 2. The EA for implementing SCPMIP is the PMU of the PW & IWT Department. The PMU has already established a GRM at the various subprojects in which it is implementing the coastal protection project. 3. The EA, headed by the Project Director (PD), has the overall responsibility of the project. The PMU at the subproject site is represented by an Engineer who would provide the necessary support for the duration of the subproject to ensure timely and effective planning and implementation of resettlement activities. 4. The EA will:  Ensure availability of budget for R & R activities  Maintain all databases and work closely with the DPs and other stakeholders and monitor the progress.  Ensure the inclusion of the DPs who may not have been covered during the census survey.  Facilitate the opening of accounts in local banks, if there are no bank accounts opened so far- in order to transfer the assistance to DPsand organize disbursement of cheque  In consultation with the households, the amounts would be disbursed to the women of the IP household in whose name the house is registered.  Participate in regular meetings of the GRC  Monitor physical and financial progress

X. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

A. Introduction 5. The implementation of RP mainly consists of compensation to be paid for affected structures and trees. The time for implementation of the RP will be scheduled as per the overall project implementation. It would be ensured that the compensation is paid prior to the displacement and commencement of the civil works. 6. Public consultation, monitoring, and grievance redress will be undertaken intermittently throughout the project duration. However, the schedule is subject to modification depending on the progress of the subproject activities. B. Schedule for Subproject Implementation 7. The proposed subproject R&R activities are divided into three broad categories based on the stages of work and process of implementation. The details of activities involved in these three phases that is the Project Preparation Phase, RP Implementation Phase, Monitoring and Reporting Period are discussed in the following paragraphs. C. Subproject PreparationPhase 8. The major activities to be performed has included submission of RP for ADB approval and establishment of GRC. The information sharing and community consultation will be a process initiated from this stage and will go on until the end of the subproject. D. RP ImplementationPhase 9. After the subproject preparation phase, the next stage is the implementation of RP, which includes issues like compensation of award by EA, payment of all eligible assistance and civil work implementation. E. Monitoring and ReportingPeriod 10. The monitoring will be the responsibility of EA and will continue until the completion of the

subproject. F. R&R ImplementationSchedule 11. A composite implementation schedule for R&R activities in the subproject, including various sub- tasks and timeline matching with the civil work schedule, is prepared and presented in the table below (Table 12). However, the sequence may change, or delays may occur due to circumstances beyond the control of the subproject.

11.

Table 11 R&R Implementation Schedule

Activity Progress ( Month) 2018 2019 2020 Aug Mar Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Subproject Implementation Stage Screen Subproject Impact Public Consultation Carry out the census survey Preparation of RP RP Implementation Stage Obtaining approval of RP from ADB Disclosure of RP Public Consultation Grievance Redressal Payment of Compensation Monitoring and Reporting

XI. MONITORING ANDREPORTING

A. Need for Monitoring andReporting 1. Monitoring and reporting are critical activities in involuntary resettlement management to addressproblems faced by the DPs and develop solutions immediately. Monitoring is a periodic assessment of the planned activities providing midway inputs. It facilitates change and gives necessary feedback onactivities and the directions in which the project is headed to. In other words, the monitoring apparatus is a crucial mechanism for measuring subproject performance and fulfillment of the subprojectobjectives.

B. Monitoring in theSubproject 2. The EA will implement the RP for the subproject. Keeping in view the minimal resettlement impacts of this project, the monitoring mechanism for this project will include regular monitoring by the EA.

Annexure 1

Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Programme Karnataka

CENSUS SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Mukkachery

(i) Questionnaire Number: (ii) Date of Interview:

(ii) Name of the person interviewed

(iii) Relationship to the head of the household

I. Land Related:

1. Ownership of the Land 1. Private 2. Government 3. Religious 4. Community 5. Others

2. Use of Land 1. Residential 2. Commercial 3. Religious 4. Others (specify) ………………

3. Status of Ownership 1. Titleholder 2. Customary Right 3. Encroacher 4. Squatter 5. Others (specify) …………………

Residing Since…………...

II. Residential Details:

1. Name of the resident head of the household: …………………………

2. Father/Husband Name:

Mobile Number (Head of the Household): …………………….…………......

Aadhar Card Number (Head of Household): …………………………………………

3. Address:

Ward Name: …………………………………House Number:

4. Demographic Details: Details of Family Members Residing at the HH: (fill appropriate code) Sl. Name Relationship Marital No with the HH Age Sex Status Education Occupation

(in years) 1.Male 1. Married 1.Illiterate 1. Service 2.Female 2. Unmarried 2.Literate 2. Business 3. Widow 3. Up to middle 3. Fishing 4. Widower 4. Up to 10th 4. Study 5. PUC 5. Housewife 6. Graduate 6. Work from home 7. Above 7. Labour (type) 5. Others Graduation 8. Unemployed 8. 9. Professional 1

6. 7. Number of Family Members

Men: …………………..Women: ……………………Total: ………………

III. Economics and Social Status

1. Monthly income of the family in Rupees: …………………………………………..

2. Economic category to which the household belongs/Type of Card 1. APL 2. BPL 3. Religious Category 1. Hindu 2. Muslim 3. Christian 4. Buddhist 5. Jain 6. Others (specify): ………………………… 4. Social Category 1. SC 2. ST 3. OBC 4. General 5. Others (specify): …………………

5. Language spoken at home/Mother Tongue

..…………………

6. Vulnerability Status of the Household: A. Is it a woman headed household? 1. Yes 2. No

B. Is the house headed by physically/mentally challenged person?

1. Yes 2. No

IV. Infrastructure / House Structure and Repair Details:

1. House build / Age of house: 1. Five -years ago 2. Ten -years ago 3. Fifteen -years ago 4. Twenty years ago 5. More than twenty years ago

2. Ownership of house 1. Own house 2. On rent 3. On lease

(If on rent, name and details of the owner):

3. If on rent or lease since 1. Less than a year 2. Less than three years 3. Less than five years

4. More than five years 5. More than twenty years

4. Rent amount paid (in Rupees) ……………………………………………………………

5. Major repair of the house undertaken 1. Less than a year ago 2. Two- to- five years ago 3. Greater than five years

6. Reasons for carrying out repairs 1. Affected by sea erosion 2. Regular repair 3. Other…………

V. Type of structure and utility impact in proximity to the sea wall boundary

1. Structure: a. Type of Structure: 1. House 2. Religious Place 3. Trees 4. Compound Wall

5. Animal Shed6. Other………

b. Offset for structure……………. meters

c. Size of Structure:

Length ……………..Width…………..Height ……………Floors………………..

Total Area……………. Affected Area………….

2. Trees:

a. Number and type of trees belonging to the household i. Fruit Bearing: …………….. ii. Non-fruit Bearing: …………….. (Total) ……………..

b. Number and type of trees to be affected i. Fruit Bearing: …………….. ii. Non-fruit Bearing: …………….. (Total) ……………..

c. Age of the tree (to be affected): (in years) ………………..

d. Yield (per year) ………………….

Offset for Utility…………………..meters

3. Utility: 1. Drainpipe from kitchen 2. Drainpipe from the soak pit/toilet 3. Both

4. Other…………

Offset for Utility ……………….meters

Additional Information:

Annexure 2: Photographs of Consultation

ListofParticipants Place: Mukkachery Date: 17/01/2020 Name Sex Abdul Aziz M Hammed M Abdul Razak M Sahabab M Shameer M Mustaafa M Asif M Ashraf M Ansar M Salam M Ismail M Salim M Aboobakkar M UmaiBanu F Ramlak F Mariamma F F Beefathuma Joint Director, Project Management Unit, addressing the community at Zubaida F Mukkachery Sherifa F

Consultation with Mohammed Yusuf, DP

Consultation , Mohammed Ali, DP

Interaction with women of Mukkachery

Horticulture Department official assesing value of coconut tree, December 2019

Assesing drain pipes at Mukkachery, February 2020