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Njombe District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2016

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Njombe District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2016 The United Republic of Tanzania NJOMBE DISTRICT COUNCIL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 2016 Jointly Prepared by: National Bureau of Statistics and Njombe District Council Urambo District Council NBS Dar es Salaam Njombe District Council December, 2016 Vision The vision of Njombe District Council is to have a community with better and sustainable livelihood by 2025 Mission The mission of Njombe District Council is to provide high quality and sustainable services through efficiency and effective use of available resources and opportunities for improved community’s livelihood. FOREWORD The Tanzania Second Five Year Development Plan (FYDP II) 2016/17 – 2020/21 takes into account the integration of the Five Year Development Plan (FYDP) and the National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP/MKUKUTA) planning frameworks. The theme of FYDP II “Nurturing Industrialization for Economic Transformation and Human Development” incorporates the main focus of the two frameworks, namely growth and transformation (FYDP) and poverty reduction (MKUKUTA). The FYDP II outlines new interventions to enable Tanzania industrialize in a way that will transform its economy and its society. It also outlines interventions carried over from predecessor plans, - FYDP I and MKUKUTA that are deemed critical for the aspiration of FYDP II goals. More importantly, and in tandem with the two predecessor Plans, FYDP II also implements Tanzania’s Development Vision (TDV) 2025 which aspires to have Tanzania transformed into a middle income, semi industrialized nation by 2025. The Vision also outlines five attributes to characterize Tanzania in 2025: (i) high quality livelihoods; (ii) peace, stability and unity; (iii) good governance and the rule of law; (iv) an educated and learning society; (v) a strong and competitive economy. As for other district councils in Tanzania, Njombe district council faces multiple social and economic problems that require sustainable improvement. Among the socio-economic issues that need special attention in this council are: - Primary school enrolment rates, food security and HIV/AIDS. The high primary school enrolment rates recently attained have to be maintained and so is the policy of making sure that all pupils who pass standard seven examinations join Form One. The food situation is still precarious; infant and maternal mortality rates continue to be high and unemployment triggers mass migration of youths from rural areas to the already overcrowded urban centers. Added to the above problems is the menace posed by HIV/AIDS, the prevalence of which hinders efforts to advance into the 21st century of science and technology. The pandemic has been quite severe among the economically active population leaving in its wake an increasing number of orphans, broken families and much suffering. AIDS together with environmental deterioration are the new developmental problems which cannot be ignored. Our efforts to meet both the new and old challenges are hampered by many factors including ill prepared rural development programmes followed by weak implementation, monitoring and supervision of these programmes. The shortcomings in policy formulation, project identification, i design and implementation due to the lack of reliable and adequate data and information on the rural development process have to be addressed to. The availability of reliable, adequate and relevant qualitative and quantitative data and information at council level is a prerequisite for the success of formulating, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of councils’ development programmes. Njombe District Council is the twenty second council to prepare its Socio-Economic Profile in the country by using its own funds. The publication of the Njombe District Council Socio-Economic Profile series by the Ministry of Finance in collaboration with the National Bureau of Statistics and the District Council Management Team should be viewed as a modest attempt towards finding solutions to the existing problem of data and information gaps at the council level. The District Council Profile covers a wide range of statistics and information on geography, population, social-economic parameters, social services, economic infrastructure, productive sectors and cross cutting issues. Such data have proved vital to many policy makers, planners, researchers, donors and functional managers. This is the Second Edition of the Njombe District Council Socio Economic Profile and has taken advantage of the experience gained in the production of the First Edition in 2013. They are providing even more valuable information to clients. Constructive views and criticisms are invited from readers to enable a profile like this become a better tool in the implementation of the country’s policies. I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge with thanks, the contribution made by the Njombe District Council Director’s Office, Bureau of Statistics and other staff of Njombe District Council who devoted their time to ensure the successful completion of this assignment. Monica P.Z. Kwiluhya Njombe District Council Executive Director December, 2016 ii Table of Contents FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................................... i List of Tables ..................................................................................................................................... vi List of Figures .................................................................................................................................... x Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................................ 1 LAND, CLIMATE, AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES AND PEOPLE ......................................... 1 1.0 An Overview ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Geographical Location ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Land, Water Area and Administrative Units ....................................................................... 4 1.2.1 Administrative Units ........................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Climate, Agro-Ecological Zones and People ...................................................................... 4 1.3.1 Climate ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.3.2 Agro-Ecological Zones and People ..................................................................................... 5 1.4 Population size and Growth ................................................................................................ 6 1.5 Population Density .............................................................................................................. 7 1.6 Population Trend ................................................................................................................. 8 1.7 Age Dependency Ratio ....................................................................................................... 9 1.8 Population Distribution by Five Year Age Groups ............................................................. 9 1.9 Population Pyramid ........................................................................................................... 10 1.10 Population Distribution by ward, Njombe District Council; 2012 census ........................ 11 1.11 Household and Household Size ........................................................................................ 12 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................. 13 THE COUNCIL ECONOMY ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 13 2.2 GDP and Per Capita GDP ................................................................................................. 13 2.3 Poverty Indicators ............................................................................................................. 15 2.3.1 Income Poverty Rate, Poverty Gap and Gini Coefficient ................................................. 16 2.3.2 Main Source of Cash Income ............................................................................................ 17 2.3.3 Access to Clean and Safe Water ....................................................................................... 17 2.3.4 Types of Toilets ................................................................................................................. 18 2.3.5 Types of Roofing Materials .............................................................................................. 19 2.3.6 Source of Lighting Energy ................................................................................................ 20 2.3.7 Source of Energy for Cooking .......................................................................................... 21 2.3.8 Food Security ...................................................................................................................
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