2013 Quabbin Reservoir Watershed Ware River Watershed
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Water Quality Report: 2013 Quabbin Reservoir Watershed Ware River Watershed Morning dew on spider web (Bernadeta Susianti-Kubik, September 13, 2011) June 2014 Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation Office of Watershed Management Division of Water Supply Protection ABSTRACT This report is a summary of water quality monitoring results from 24 surface water stations established throughout the Quabbin Reservoir and Ware River watersheds and other special investigative samples. The Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR), Division of Water Supply Protection, is the state agency charged with the responsibility of managing Quabbin Reservoir and its surrounding natural resources in order to protect, preserve, and enhance the environment of the Commonwealth and to assure the availability of pure water to future generations. The Environmental Quality Section maintains a comprehensive water quality monitoring program to ensure that Quabbin Reservoir and its tributaries meet state water quality standards. As part of this task, the Environmental Quality Section performs the necessary field work, interprets water quality data and prepares reports of findings. This annual summary is intended to meet the needs of the decision makers, the concerned public, and others whose decisions must reflect water quality considerations. Quabbin Reservoir water quality in 2013 satisfied the requirements of the Filtration Avoidance Criteria established under the Environmental Protection Agency Surface Water Treatment Rule. Monitoring of tributaries is a proactive measure aimed at identifying general trends and problem areas that may require additional investigation or corrective action. Compliance with state surface water quality standards among the tributaries varied with minor exceedances attributed to higher pollutant loads measured during storm events, wildlife impacts on water quality, and natural attributes of the landscape. The appendices to this report include field investigation reports, summary information on mean daily flows of gaged tributaries, water quality data summary tables, and plots of reservoir water quality results. Some of the ancillary data presented in this report has been compiled with the help of outside agencies (e.g., U.S. Geological Survey) and other workgroups within DCR whose efforts are acknowledged below. Water Quality Report: 2013 i Quabbin Reservoir Watershed and Ware River Watershed Acknowledgments This report was prepared by the Quabbin Environmental Quality Section of the DCR Division of Water Supply Protection. Yuehlin Lee, Environmental Engineer III, was the principal author of this report based on the format and content previously developed by Scott A. Campbell, Civil Engineer IV. The author acknowledges the following who contributed to this report: Robert P. Bishop, Environmental Analyst IV, for his support and guidance provided as the Supervisor of the Environmental Quality Section. The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) whose staff conducted nutrient, pathogen and bacteriological analyses and whose staff contributed to the management of laboratory data and sample bottle preparation. Paula Packard, Aquatic Biologist II, for her work in monitoring potential invasive species and plankton, including sample collection and plankton identification. Peter Deslauriers, Environmental Analyst II, for his work in providing order to the field collection procedures and for collecting the bulk of field samples. Paul Reyes, Environmental Engineer II, for his assistance with field sampling and database management. Rebecca Budaj, Environmental Analyst III, for her field work and report editing. Bernadeta Susianti-Kubik, Environmental Engineer II, for her field work and sampling. Gary Moulton, Engineering Aide, for his work in field sampling. Lisa Gustavsen, Assistant Regional Director and formerly Environmental Analyst III, for her field work and knowledge of the Quabbin Reservoir watershed. Philip Lamothe, GIS Specialist, who provided Geographical Information System data, maps and support. Joel Zimmerman, Regional Planner, for his assistance in final report production. The U.S. Geological Survey, who through a cooperative agreement established with the DCR provided tributary flow data appended to this report. Matt Walsh of the MWRA, who provided flow data from MWRA facilities. Scott A. Campbell, Peter Izyk, Doug Williams, Steve Mansfield, and Kim Garvey from the Quabbin Civil Engineering Section who provided meteorological and reservoir yield data reproduced in this report. In memoriam: David Worden, former DCR Limnologist who passed away much too soon on July 7, 2013. Dave initiated the monitoring and assessment of reservoir nutrients, phytoplankton, and aquatic ecology, and he will be missed as a colleague and friend. Water Quality Report: 2013 ii Quabbin Reservoir Watershed and Ware River Watershed TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... i 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 1 2 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Sample Station Locations ................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Data Collection .............................................................................................................. 10 2.3 Analytical Procedures .................................................................................................... 10 2.4 Measurement Units ........................................................................................................ 11 2.5 Monitoring Program Changes ........................................................................................ 11 2.6 Special Sampling During 2013 ...................................................................................... 12 3 RESULTS – SOURCE WATER QUALITY MONITORING ......................................... 12 3.1 Results – Reservoir Monitoring ..................................................................................... 15 3.1.1 Temperature ...................................................................................................... 16 3.1.2 Dissolved Oxygen .............................................................................................. 18 3.1.3 Turbidity ............................................................................................................ 18 3.1.4 pH and Alkalinity .............................................................................................. 18 3.1.5 Secchi Disk Transparency ................................................................................. 19 3.1.6 Coliform and E. coli Bacteria ........................................................................... 21 3.1.7 Reservoir Phytoplankton and Nutrient Dynamics ............................................ 22 3.1.8 Calcium in Quabbin Reservoir Coves............................................................... 24 3.2 Results – Tributary Monitoring ..................................................................................... 25 3.2.1 Bacteria ............................................................................................................. 25 3.2.1.1 E. coli Bacteria ................................................................................. 25 3.2.1.2 Fecal Coliform Bacteria ................................................................... 31 3.2.1.3 Total Coliform Bacteria ................................................................... 31 3.2.2 Specific Conductance ........................................................................................ 31 3.2.3 Dissolved Oxygen .............................................................................................. 32 3.2.4 Temperature ...................................................................................................... 32 3.2.5 Turbidity ............................................................................................................ 32 3.2.6 pH ...................................................................................................................... 33 3.2.7 Alkalinity ........................................................................................................... 33 3.2.8 Tributary Nutrient Dynamics ............................................................................ 34 3.2.9 Monitoring for the Invasive Diatom Didymosphenia geminata ....................... 40 3.3 Forestry Water Quality Monitoring ............................................................................... 41 3.3.1 Short Term Monitoring ..................................................................................... 41 3.3.2 Long Term Monitoring ...................................................................................... 42 4 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR 2014 ................................................................................. 43 5 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................... 45 Water Quality Report: 2013 iii Quabbin Reservoir Watershed and Ware River Watershed Appendix A – Investigative Reports and Data Water Quality Sampling at Forestry Lot 2042 Water Quality Sampling at Forestry Lot