Pusaka Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2021

Values Of Religious Education in Begalan Tradition from Banyumas District, Central Java Province

Arnis Rachmadhani Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang Jl. Untung Suropati No.70 Bambankerep Semarang Email: [email protected]

Info Abstract Artikel Begalan is an original tradition of Banyumas, Central Java which is performed in a series of wedding ceremonies. Begalan is a combination of dance, speech, and comedy, which is performed with musical accompaniment. The Begalan tradition contains the values of religious education which is full of advice and teaching. Community life is closely related to culture or tradition, including Javanese culture. The interrelation between Islamic teachings and Javanese culture includes the meaning of the contents of brenong kepang, including ilir, ian, cething, kusan, centhong, irus, siwur, tampah, pari, ciri-muthu, suket, suluh, kendil, and broom stick. In each of these household appliances, there is a meaning of religious Diterima knowledge. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. Data 14 obtained through interviews, observation, documentation, and FGD. The purpose Maret of this study was to reveal the values of religious education in the begalan tradition 2021 along with the preservation challenges it faces. The begalan tradition has Islamic educational values, such as the value of monotheism education, the value of Revisi I religious education, the value of moral education, and the value of social 23 education. Everything related to this tradition certainly needs to be done by all April parties so that this divine heritage can be preserved and not extinct. 2021 Keywords: banyumas, begalan, religious education, tradition, values Revisi II 09 Begalan merupakan tradisi asli Banyumas, Jawa Tengah yang dilakukan dalam Mei rangkaian upacara pernikahan. Begalan merupakan perpaduan antara tari, pidato, 2021 dan komedi, yang dibawakan dengan iringan musik. Tradisi Begalan mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan agama yang sarat akan petuah dan ajaran. Kehidupan Disetujui masyarakat erat kaitannya dengan budaya atau tradisi, termasuk budaya Jawa. 30 Keterkaitan ajaran Islam dengan budaya Jawa meliputi makna isi brenong kepang, antara lain ilir, ian, cething, kusan, centhong, irus, siwur, tampah, pari, ciri-muthu, Mei suket, suluh, kendil, dan sapu lidi. Dalam setiap peralatan rumah tangga tersebut 2021 terdapat makna ilmu agama. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan FGD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap nilai-nilai pendidikan agama dalam tradisi begalan beserta tantangan pelestarian yang dihadapinya. Tradisi begalan memiliki nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam, seperti nilai pendidikan tauhid, nilai pendidikan agama, nilai pendidikan akhlak, dan nilai pendidikan sosial. Segala sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan tradisi ini tentunya perlu dilakukan oleh semua pihak agar pusaka ilahi ini dapat dilestarikan dan tidak punah.

Kata Kunci: adat, banyumas, begalan, nilai, pendidikan agama

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the message of space and the character INTRODUCTION of the times. Local culture is an interesting Education is part of culture or topic to be studied further (Muslim, tradition. One aspect that is quite 2019: 8). This is due in part to the fact important in socio-culture is the order of that local culture has characteristics that values. It is a set of provisions, are effective enough to maintain regulations, laws, and morals that harmony in social life. (Roqib, 2007: 5) functions to regulate the way the Begalan is one of the original traditions citizens live and behave. (Nana, 2011: of Banyumas, Central Java which is 59) These values can come from performed in a series of wedding religion, culture, political life, as well as ceremonies. Begalan is a combination from other aspects of life. of dance, speech, and comedy art with Philosophically, values are musical accompaniment. This tradition closely related to ethical issues. Ethics is was performed by two people named also often referred to as a philosophy of Suradenta and Surantani who brought values which examines moral values as brenong kepang. Brenong kepang is a a measure of human action and behavior pole made of bamboo which on both in various aspects of life. The sources of sides contains traditional kitchen ethics and morals can be the result of utensils and some plants. This tradition thoughts, customs or traditions, begins with Surantani who was sent by ideology and even religion. (Al the groom to hand over the brenong Munawar, 2005: 3) It can be concluded kepang to the bride. But on his way, he that ethics can be formed through was intercepted by Suradenta and there customs that exist in people's lives. The was an argument between the two of arrival of Islam was accompanied by a them, accompanied by typical value structure that provided a wider Banyumasan jokes. In the conversation, range of movement in terms of choice Suradenta challenged Surantani to and behavior of Muslims. Islamic explain the meaning of the contents of values and morality are comprehensive, the brenong braids he was carrying. unified and integrated, and not Surantani loudly responded to fragmented. Islamic values as a divine Suradenta's request where he explained value are derived from the Koran and al- one by one the meaning of the things Hadith. The value of Islam is not enough inside the brenong kepang, including to just be believed, but it must be ilir, ian, cething, kusan, centhong, irus, practiced, if that value is practiced, then siwur, tampah, pari, ciri-muthu, suket, morals will be born (Muslim, 2016: suluh, kendil, and broom stick. 259-274). Morals are the fruit of charity, The tradition of begalan has faith and Islam. (Rosyadi, 2004: 116- been around for a long time considering 126). Thus, it can be said that Islam is this is a hereditary tradition. Begalan in not only a religion of dialogue and the Banyumas custom is done as a discussion, but Islam is a religion that ruwatan, which is removing resentment must be practiced and its teaching (bad luck) on the bride and groom. This values are capable of dialogue in a more is done if the bride and groom are the complex community life, according to first (eldest) child who is married to the last (youngest) child, the first child with

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the first child, the last child with the last entitled "Evaluation of Value child, and whoever is doing a wedding Education". This book examines the celebration for the first time. In the meaning of value, the kinds of values, Javanese belief of Banyumas, if a and the process of value formation. In marriage occurs as mentioned above, it addition, there is a book by Zulkarnain is necessary to do ruwatan so that the entitled "Transformation of Islamic bride and groom avoid bad things. Over Education Values" which also examines time, begalan has become a distinctive the meaning of Islamic education, the tradition in a marriage. Even though it goals of Islamic education, the basis of does not meet the requirements above, Islamic education, and the values of anyone who wants to get married can Islamic education. Abidin Ibn Rusn's still perform the robbery. This is book entitled "Al-Ghazali's Thought on because begalan is an effective medium Education" is another example of for them, especially those who will research that examines the values of foster new households in the hope that Islamic education. In this book, it they can understand the meaning of life examines the meaning of education, contained in begalan since there are sources of Islamic education, the basis many moral messages and important of Islamic education, and the objectives advice for the bride and groom that are of Islamic education. Book by Suwito reflected in the begalan. (Interview with N.S. entitled "Islam in the Begalan Ahsin Aedi, Achmad Riyadi, Fatah Tradition" examines the begalan Amin, on October 16, 2020) tradition from the history of the begalan, Begalan is a Banyumas culture begalan equipment, begalan procession, that is still preserved. This tradition is to the meaning contained in the begalan still often carried out in wedding tradition. ceremonies. In fact, begalan also The interesting thing about the develops in areas around Banyumas, implementation of the begalan tradition such as Purbalingga, Cilacap. is the conversation between Suradenta Banjarnegara. Wonosobo, and other and Surantani. The content of the areas around Banyumas. Begalan is still conversation that was conveyed by one of the interesting traditions for those Suradenta to Surantani was about the who witness it. No exception in braid brenong brought by Surantani. Sokaraja District, Banyumas Regency, Every object in brenong braids has a which is an area that still adheres to the good meaning that is in accordance with tradition of begging. This cultural the values of Islamic education. The preservation in Sokaraja is inseparable tradition of begalan which is full of the from the existence of a begalan figure, value of Islamic education is very good namely Mr. Achmad Riyadi who is still and needs to be preserved because in active in preserving the typical begalan it contains implicit messages Banyumas cultures who think that and advice that can be used as role begalan is still important to be models. For the community, of course implemented. this is very important so that they can Research that focuses on the take the message or wisdom implied in values of Islamic education has actually doing so in order to achieve a family that been studied a lot. Some of them are is sakinah, mawadah, warohmah. Based included in Mawardi Lubis' book on the background described, the

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authors are interested in conducting Conceptual Framework research related to these traditions with Discussion on the values of the research title "Values of Religious Islamic education in the begalan Education in the Begalan Tradition in tradition requires a conceptual Banyumas Regency". This article will framework. This is intended so that the describe about values of religious scope of the problem is not too broad. In education in oral tradition of other words, this conceptual framework Panginyongan’s language. serves as a boundary for the study problem. The conceptual framework in Problem Statement this study is as follows: Based on the description of the background of the problem, the Values of Islamic Education formulation of the problem in this study The word "value" in the Big is as follows: "What Islamic education Indonesian Dictionary is defined as values are contained in the begalan attributes (things) that are important or tradition? And What kind of efforts can useful to humanity. (Compilation team, be caraied out to preserve the begalan Big Indonesian Dictionary, (: tradition? Balai Pustaka, 2002: 783). Value is a measure to punish or choose certain Research Objectives and Benefits actions and goals. (Rosyadi, 2004: 114) The objective of this research is Value is the essence of something that to find out what Islamic educational makes it worth doing by Human Value values are contained in the begalan is closely related to the goodness that is tradition and what efforts can be made at the core of a thing. (Thoha 1996: 22). to preserve it. This article also has two Therefore, it can be concluded that research benefits are theoretical benefits value is something important and good and practical benefits as follows One, that has a measure based on one's Theoretical Benefits is the theoretical thinking. benefit of this research is to find out the In terminology, education is a meaning or value in begalan symbols by process of improvement, strengthening using Clifford Geertz's theory of and refinement of all human abilities symbolic interpretivism. Second, and potentials. Education can also be Practical Benefits are to inform readers interpreted as a human effort to foster that the values of Islamic education can his personality in accordance with the also be found in a tradition, one of values and culture that exist in society. which is the begalan tradition; providing (Roqib, 2009: 15) According to the Big understanding to writers and readers Indonesian Dictionary, education is a about the values of Islamic education process of changing the attitudes and contained in the begalan tradition; can behavior of a person or group of people be used as a reference for readers and in an effort to mature humans through analysts in the field of education, teaching and training efforts. (Damsar, especially Islamic education, which will 2011: 8) examine the values of Islamic education Muhammad Hamid an-Nashir contained in a tradition or culture. and Kulah Abd al-Qadir Darwis as quoted by Roqib define Islamic education as a process of directing

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human development (ri'ayah) in terms Another definition of oral of body, mind, language, behavior, and tradition is all discourse that is conveyed social and religious life directed at in a lisa manner based on the methods or goodness. towards perfection. (Roqib, customs that have been patterned in a 2009: 17-18) The essence of Islamic society (Sedyawati in Duija, 2005: 113). education lies in the criteria of faith and Types of oral traditions can be in the commitment to the teachings of Islam. form of stories or ceremonial and ritual (Roqib, 2009: 20) Islamic education is expressions with various descriptions in physical and spiritual guidance based on the form of geneological descriptions, Islamic teaching laws towards the myths, legends, fairy tales, and stories formation of the main personality. of heroism (Sedyawati in Duija, 2005: Thus, what is meant by the value 113). This definition of oral tradition of Islamic education in this research are can be referred to as pure oral tradition, important things that need to be known namely oral tradition that is conveyed in order to provide benefits in everyday orally in its various variations. In life, especially in the world of education contrast to the concept, Pudentia so that people who are faithful, cautious, provides a description of the nature of knowledgeable, and have noble oralism covering something broader as character according to religious mentioned in the following statement. guidance created in Islam. Oral tradition includes all matters relating to literature, language, Oral Traditions history, biography, and various other Oral tradition is the traditional kinds of knowledge and arts, the way of cultural activity of a community which which is conveyed by word of mouth. In has been passed down from generation other words, it can be said that the oral to generation by oral media from one tradition includes not only folk tales, generation to another (Muslim dkk, riddles, proverbs, folk songs, 2019). In this case, this includes mythology, and legends as is generally traditions in the form of verbal wording assumed by many, but also relates to (verbal) and other traditions that are not cultural cognitive systems, such as spoken (Sibarani in Endraswara, 2013: history, law, and medicine. The oral 129). Vansina in the quote from traditions are; "All discourses that are Sibarani (2013) states that the oral spoken / conveyed from generation to tradition is a verbal message in the form generation include spoken and literate of statements reported in the past to the ones, which can also be interpreted as" present generation where the verbal non-literate discourse system message is conveyed accompanied by "(Pudentia in Duija's quote, 2005: 114) music or without music. Another Oral traditions are not only oral definition of oral tradition is given by Ki in nature, but include literate traditions Zerbo who explains that the definition as well. Initially, the oral tradition was a of oral tradition is a testimony that is tradition of oral speech, namely in the conveyed verbally from one generation form of voice literacy, while the oral to the next through speech, song, tradition in the later stages was the pantun, folk tales, advice, ballads, and ability to speak in characters, namely so on (quoted by Sibarani in everything that was conveyed orally, Endraswara, 2013: 129)

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has now been written in script form noble character according to the (Pudentia in Duija, 2005: 114) guidance of Islam.

Begalan Tradition METHODS Tradition is a custom that has This research is a field research been passed down through generations conducted from October to November (from the ancestors) and is still practiced 2020 where the locus is the Ngapak in society. (Ministry of National speaking community which is included Education, Balai Pustaka, 2007: 1208) in the Banyumasan culture category or defines Begalan linguistically from the also called Panginyongan culture. word begal (Javanese) which means What is meant by field research robber. (Suwito 2008: 86) Meanwhile, is a research carried out in the field or a the term begalan is one of the rituals in place selected as the location for an art form which means slametan or carrying out investigations related to ruwat. (Suwito NS, 2008: 87) objective symptoms in the preparation According to Teguh Supriyono as of scientific reports. This research is quoted by Suwito, it is explained that qualitative in nature where the data begalan comes from the word "qala obtained is in the form of theory, not in qaulan", which means good advice. the form of numbers. Qaulan comes from Arabic which is a Generally qualitative research is derivation of the word qala yaqulu used within the scope of the social and qaulan or good sayings or advice. cultural sciences. This research was (Suwito, 2008: 89) Teguh's definition is conducted mainly with regard to human more influenced by his background behavior patterns and the meaning which is trying to be strong to contained behind behavior which is "Islamize" this way. For him, begalan is difficult to measure using numbers. a means of transforming values to the (Tanseh, 2011: 48) From the several next generation, especially the next definitions that have been mentioned, it generation in the Banyumas tradition. can be summarized that qualitative Begalan is a hereditary custom research is a research procedure that that is carried out by the people of produces descriptive data in the form of Banyumas, Central Java with the hope written or spoken words from people that they will avoid unwanted things and observed behavior. (bad things). According to him, this The research data was obtained tradition also contains good advice that through interviews, observation, can be used as a guide in shaping a documentation, and focus group person's personality in accordance with discussion (FGD). The data obtained Islamic values. It can be concluded that from the informants were then analyzed what is meant by the values of Islamic using the descriptive analysis method so education in the begalan tradition are that the research results obtained were important things in the begalan tradition descriptive and explanative. that need to be known in the hope that this tradition can be useful in everyday RESULT AND DISCUSSION life, especially in the world of education Data Analysis so that people who are faithful, cautious, are known to be knowledgeable are created, and have a virtuous. They are a society that is

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always grateful by using symbols that creature of God Almighty who lives in a are rich in meaning. This has become a container in which there are certain tradition from ancient times before rules. Therefore, every human being is Islam came where they believed in the obliged to believe in and carry out the existence of a Creator. However, as teachings contained in the pillars of Islam entered their area, they began to faith. adapt their traditions to Islamic The first pillar of faith is faith in teachings. This adjustment is of course Allah SWT and the books of Allah inseparable from their own traditions, it SWT. Faith in Allah indicates that is precisely the values of Islamic humans must believe wholeheartedly education that are internalized in their that Allah SWT exists. His belief in daily lives. Javanese society when Islam Allah is proven by carrying out His entered their area, they continued to commands and staying away from His carry out their traditions with added prohibitions. Faith in the book of Allah Islamic values in them. This paper means that humans must believe and discusses what the values of religious believe in the existence of the previous education are contained in the begalan books of Allah such as the Torah, Zabur, tradition as follows: the Bible, and the Koran. Al-Qur'an is the only book of Muslims that is still the The Value of Tawheed Education in guideline for human life in which there the Begalan Tradition are rules for life in this world and the The value of Tawheed or hereafter. monotheism is the initial foundation for Through this object called instiling the values of faith and piety. cething, people are reminded that in life Faith is an inner attitude that is full of they must always believe in Allah SWT trust in God. There are six beliefs that and believe in His books and carry out must be believed by Muslims, including His commands as written in the Koran. faith in Allah SWT, faith in angels, faith This aims to create a human personality in Allah's books, faith in the apostles, which is in accordance with the values faith in the Last Day / Judgment, and of Islamic education. faith in qadha and qadar. Every Muslim b. Kendhil should believe wholeheartedly in the Kendhils are traditional kitchen existence of these six things, and utensils that are generally used to store practice them in everyday life. rice and are made of clay. In addition to The value of monotheistic storing rice, kendhil is also commonly education can be obtained through the used to cook rice and make soupy begalan tradition which is symbolized dishes. by several uba rampe equipment that Kendhil in the begalan tradition exist in the begalan tradition, including: has a very important meaning, a. Cething especially regarding faith in the Last Cething is a place to serve rice Day. Kendhil gawene sekang lemah and is made of woven bamboo. The kanggo gambarane nek manungsa urip cething function is a container. Cething arep maring lemah. Gemiyen nyong in the context of begalan has a meaning ora nana siki dadi ana, ngemben maning as a reminder, which means that humans ora nana pada bali maring rahmating must always remember that they are a

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Gusti Allah SWT. Observation and in religious education is the begalan interview with Sigit, 26 October 2020) tradition. In begalan, the value of The meaning of the above religious education is symbolized by a statement is as follows: "Kendhil is variety of objects as follows. made of soil to describe a living human a. Pari who will return to the ground. I did not Pari is the of exist, now I exist, tomorrow I will return paddy rice. Pari is one of the rampe uba to Allah SWT." that must be included in the begalan The nature of this kendhil made tradition. The reason is because paddy of soil, reminds that one day all humans rice has an important philosophical will experience the end / doomsday, meaning. Uriping pari bisa nggo contoh. regardless of whether it is the Sughra Kulite dikala esih enom nyungar, dikala apocalypse or the Kubra apocalypse. wis tuwa nggimbyung-nggimbyung. Sughro apocalypse is a small Eling menawa enyong Kabeh ana sing apocalypse, for example death and gawe urip. Mula shalatlah seduninge di natural disasters, while the Kubra shalati (Observation and interview with apocalypse is a big apocalypse, which is Sigit, 26 October 2020) the destruction of the entire universe and All actions that are done in the its contents. This world is only a mortal world will be accounted for in the world that is impermanent. Every afterlife. So, while there is time, humans human being should prepare himself should always worship Allah by before he becomes land (dies). As carrying out their obligations, such as servants of Allah SWT, humans should praying. This is in accordance with the not put aside religious matters. word of Allah SWT in the Qur'an Surah Otherwise, whatever is done must be al-Baqarah verse 45 below: based on Islamic law. In the Qur'an, "And ask for help (to Allah) through Surat al-Anbiya 'verse 93, Allah says: patience and pray. And (prayer) is really hard, except for those who are khusyu' "But they are divided in their (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of (religious) affairs between them. Each , Al-Qur'anul Karim Translated (group of all) will return to Us". & Tajweed, p. 7) (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of b. Kusan Indonesia, Al-Qur'anul Karim Kusan nek dikurebna kaya Translated & Tajweed Accompanied by gunung duwure tapi kari diwalik kaya Ibn Katsir's Brief Tafsir, (Bandung: jurang jerone. Dina siki Mas Iwan lan Jabal Raudhotul Jannah, t.t), p. 330). Mba Ari sampun nindaake dhawuhe kanjeng Nabi SAW, neng njero atine The Value of Worship Education in wong loro wis diniati kanthi ibadah. Begalan Tradition Mula, sanajan abote kaya dene manjai Worship is submission and gunung lan temurune jurang tapi wis obedience to Allah's law with the aim of diniati ibadah muga-muga penganten achieving the pleasure of Allah SWT. saklorone dadi keluarga sakinah, Submitting and obeying Allah's law mawadah, warohmah. (FGD, October means doing everything that He 20th, 2020) commands according to the rules that The shape of the kusan which is Allah has established in the Koran. One like a mountain symbolizes that when a of the traditions in which there is value couple intends to marry on the basis of

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worship, they will try hard to make it This is according to the word of happen in a way that is blessed by Allah Allah SWT in the Qur'an Surah al- SWT. It is as stated in the Word of Allah Baqarah verse 267: SWT in the Qur'an Sura ar-Ruum verse O believers! Donate from the 21 as follows: best of what you have earned and of "And among His (great) signs is He what We have produced for you from created pairs for you of your own kind, the earth. Do not pick out worthless so that you are inclined and at ease with them, and He makes among you a sense things for donation, which you of love and affection as signs (the yourselves would only accept with greatness of Allah) for the people who closed eyes. And know that Allah is think" (Ministry of Religion of the Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy" Republic of Indonesia, Al-Qur'anul (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Karim Translated & Tajweed, p. 406) Indonesia, Al-Qur'anul Karim c. Suluh Translated & Tajweed, p. 45) Suluh is the Banyumas language e. Bay Leaves from firewood used to produce fire. The Bay leaves are a complement to meaning of fire in this case is likened to begalan and commonly used as a flavor a passion for work. The words of Allah enhancer. In begalan, the bay leaf means SWT in the Qur'an Surat al-Jumu'ah prayer. As said by Mr. Narso about the verse 10 regarding this are as follows: "When the prayers have been performed, meaning of the salam leaf, namely, "The then you will be scattered on the earth; guests who are present, hopefully they seek Allah's grace and remember Allah a can be asked for their prayers to be safe lot so that you will be lucky" (Ministry of and always happy" (Interview with Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, Al- Sigit, 26 October 2020) Qur'anul Karim Translated & Tajweed, p. 554) f. Small Change As Muslims, in their daily life, "Neng njero kendhil ana beras besides being ordered to worship (pray), kuning lan duit receh. Beras kuning Allah commands them to work (strive). gambarane wong berkluarga aja Work is doing an activity in order to sumening lan duit receh niku gambarane achieve a goal, which is not only wong men saged sodakah lan looking for sustenance but also dreams. ngibadah." (Interview with Sigit, 26 At work, one is obliged to choose a job October 2020) that is good and lawful because not all This is in accordance with the jobs are approved by Allah SWT. promise of Allah SWT in the Qur'an, d. Budin Surat al-An'am: Budin is a Banyumas language “Whoever comes with a good or ngapak language which means deed will be rewarded tenfold. But cassava. Budin in the begalan tradition whoever comes with a bad deed is not a staple item that must exist, but will be punished for only one. only as a complement to uba rampe. None will be wronged" (Ministry Actually, budin has a quite important of Religion of the Republic of meaning because it symbolizes that Indonesia, Al-Qur'anul Karim husband and wife must be able to work Translated & Tajweed, p. 150) hard. (Interview with Warso, 20 October 2020)

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The Value of Moral Education in Qur'anul Karim Translated & Begalan Tradition Tajweed, p. 106) Morals are spiritual attitudes that give birth to actions between man b. Tampah and God, man and himself, and man and Tampah is a tool made of woven other creatures in accordance with the bamboo which is made in a circle shape. commands and prohibitions as well as This tool is used to separate rice from instructions from the Qur'an and as- mixed dirt such as gravel and other Sunnah. There are moral education impurities by rotating the trash so that values in the begalan tradition which are the dirt will be eliminated on the edges. symbolized by various uba rampe In this way, something mixed with rice begalan, including the following. can collect in the middle of the trash and then the dirt on the rice can be cleaned a. Embatan/Carrying Pole easily. Tampah has a very good Embatan/carrying pole is a tool philosophical meaning. used to carry goods on both sides. This “Tampah symbolizes that the tool has a good meaning. Pikulan bride and groom must be able to throw gambarane kanggo penganten niku away dirty things or things and take berdua sudah memikul tanggung jawab good and clean things. All of these rumah tangga. Kaya dene lagi nggawa things involve attitudes, behavior, and pikulan kue ora kena abot ngarep apa human nature in which humans must be abai mburi. Tapi kudu imbang. Abot lan able to distinguish and choose which is entheng ana pikulan disangga bareng good and what is bad." (FGD, 20 (Interview with Ahsin Aedi, Achmad October 2020) Riyadi, Fatah Amin, 16 October 2020) Tampah can also have other The above statement means that meanings as follows. "Tampah niku they must complement each other in bunder gumolong, artine keluarga dari order to realize their goals. They need to Pangandaran bersama keluarga dari do this both in good and bad times, so Karangsari wis bunder dene tampah that their lives remain balanced and mula dijejerna bareng teng mriki. (FGD, harmony is maintained. Therefore, it is 20 Oktober 2020) necessary to have a good relationship The purpose of this statement is between individuals to achieve their that every Muslim needs to establish goals. The objectives in question are friendship in social life, so that they can goals that do not violate Islamic law as live together in harmony. Allah SWT says in the Qur'an Surah al- c. Cething Maidah verse 2 as follows: Cething niku centulan lan geting, which means jealous and envy. “Cooperate with one another in Humans should not have such goodness and righteousness, and do characteristics. So jealous and envy not cooperate in sin and need to be shunned and avoided so that transgression. And be mindful of peace can be obtained. Allah. Surely Allah is severe in Cething also has another punishment” (Ministry of Religion meaning. Cething cangkeme amba of the Republic of Indonesia, Al- gambarane illustrates looking for as much fortune as possible lan ngisore

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ciut gambarane rizki niku the costs e. Pari incurred should be done as Pari in Indonesian means paddy. economically as possible. It means that Pari in the context of failure has a good at work it is permissible to earn as much meaning. According to Warso, one of money as possible, the most important the players of begalan tradition, "Pari thing is that it is lawful and do not spend nek esih enom nyungab nek wis tua it extravagantly, because Islam hates temungkul, kaya dene nek esih enom wastefulness. (FGD, 20 October 2020) nggolet ngelmu neng ndi ora, tapi nek This value is in accordance with wis jejodohan kaya kie kudu the word of Allah SWT in the Qur'an manembahan bakti ming Sang Hyang Surah Al-Isra verses 26-27: Widi lan bakti ming wong tua." (FGD, 20 October 2020) Give to close relatives their due, The point of this statement is as well as the poor and needy that when we were young, we used it to travellers. And do not spend work hard to achieve our goals. After wastefully. Surely the wasteful the ideals are achieved, we should are like brothers to the devils. And remain part and obey Allah SWT. the Devil is ever ungrateful to his f. Centhong Lord. (Ministry of Religion of the Centhong according to its Republic of Indonesia, Al- function is as a tool to take something, Qur'anul Karim Translated & which is usually cooked rice. Since its Tajweed, p. 284) function is to take something, so centhong symbolizes that human in d. Ian making every decision must be based on Ian is one of the traditional justice, not because it takes sides with kitchen utensils made of woven something that is detrimental to others, bamboo. Ian's shape is square. Ian that everything must be in accordance kanggo gambarane gumelaring jagad, with rules and justice. It is as he Word which means the creation of nature. Ian of Allah SWT in the Qur'an, Surat an- in the begalan tradition means that Nisa, verse 58: everyone should have a patient nature, must be patient, and forgive the "Indeed, Allah commands you to mistakes made by the person who hurts. return trusts to their rightful This is in line with the broad nature of owners;1 and when you judge Ian, so that it can be associated with the between people, judge with character of patience / generosity. Ian fairness. What a noble also means obedience. This is as commandment from Allah to you! expressed by thief spokesman Achmad Surely Allah is All-Hearing, All- Riyadi, "Pojokan ian ana papat. Kanggo Seeing" (Ministry of Religion of saklorone penganten sing kedhah the Republic of Indonesia, Al- matuhi papat aturan, yaiku aturane Qur'anul Karim Translated & agama, negara, adat, lan aturane Tajweed, p. 87) kluarga" (FGD, 20 October 2020) g. Ilir Ilir is a tool made of woven bamboo which usually has a handle. Ilir

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functions as a fan. In the begalan husband-and-wife relationship. (FGD, tradition, ilir has a good meaning. 20 October 2020) According to Mispan as a cultural This is according to the word of official from the Cultural Service: Allah SWT in the Qur'an, Surat al-Fath, The ilir brings wind. Ilir verse 10 as follows: provides coolness between husband and “Surely those who pledge wife where if the husband is feeling not allegiance to you O Prophet are goodt, the wife should calm him and actually pledging allegiance to vice versa. The nature of the wind is Allah. Allah’s Hand is over theirs. honest and what it is. (FGD, 20 October Whoever breaks their pledge, it 2020) will only be to their own loss. And The nature of the wind which whoever fulfils their pledge to gives coolness means that everyone Allah, He will grant them a great should be able to provide coolness or reward” (Ministry of Religion of peace to those around him. The honest the Republic of Indonesia, Al- and cabalaka (unadorned) nature of the Qur'anul Karim Translated & wind also means that the wind never Tajweed, p. 512) discriminates where it will blow. j. Suluh Therefore, be fair and wise in your Besides having the meaning of relationships. work ethic, suluh also means not to be a h. Irus provocateur or a cause of problems. Irus also has a philosophical "Suluh or firewood means that humans meaning that humans should not be don't like to nyuluih or don't like to be easily tempted to want to feel what provocateurs." (FGD, 20 October belongs to others. The way to avoid this 2020). is to be grateful. This means that The danger of slander is everything that is owned and achieved enormous. Allah SWT explains in the in life must be gratefully acknowledged Qur'an Sura al-Baqarah verse 191 as in order to avoid greed that never ends follows: in satisfaction. Kill them wherever you come upon them1 and drive them out of the places from which they have driven you out. For i. Siwur persecution2 is far worse than killing. And Siwur is known by the general do not fight them at the Sacred Mosque public with the term gayung, which is a unless they attack you there. If they do so, water scooping tool. In the context of then fight them—that is the reward of the begalan, siwur has a philosophical disbelievers (Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, Al-Qur'anul Karim meaning which is symbolically derived Translated & Tajweed, p. 30) from the acronym, namely asihe aju dikawur-awur. That is, someone who is k. Suket married should not share his love. Love Suket in Indonesian means is only for one's partner, not for others. grass. In the begalan tradition, suket Between husband and wife must be stands for aja kesusu raket, meaning faithful to each other in order to create don't rush to approach people who are harmony in the household. Being not yet muhrim. This means that men faithful in the view of human life is not and women who are not yet Muslim only limited to being faithful to the must protect each other, and not violate

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Islamic religious law. The relationship b. Sapu ada between a man and a woman is A broom in Indonesian is called regulated in Islamic law, so that to a broom stick. A broom is a tool used to formalize a relationship, they must remove everything in order to be clean marry according to Islamic rules. (FGD, by means of a broom. The broom stick 20 October 2020) is made from coconut leaves (janur) which the handle takes. Broom stick l. Sorok will be beneficial if the sticks are put Dadi penganten saklorone aja together and tied. So that they can seneng cok sarak-sorok, tegese njukut function properly to achieve common sing udu hakke. Kaya dene sorok goals, they should unite and fight denggo nggo njukut barang panas kang together so that it is easy to achieve waja kon sangkane adem. Sawajeninge common goals. This is symbolized in penganten ming rumah tangga anu tukar the broom stick which is one of the tools padu kue dirampungna nganggo pikiran in the begalan tradition. (FGD, 20 sing adem. October 2020) The meaning of the above c. Kusan statement is as follows: "So the bride Kusan is a tool for cooking and groom do not like sarak-sorok, uncooked rice / ingredients so that it which means taking what is not right / becomes cooked. Kusan is one of the hers. Sorok has the value of good moral traditional kitchen tools that must exist education. Like sorok is used to take hot in the begalan tradition. items from a frying pan to cool them. It Philosophically, kusan means that is as bride and groom who should solved everything that is unclear should be any problem happens with a cold/ calm discussed to get a mature decision in mind. (FGD, 20 October 2020) accordance with consensus agreement. (FGD, 20 October 2020) The Value of Community Education in In Surah Ali-Imran verse 159 Begalan Tradition Allah says: Social responsibility can be “And consult with them in conducting carried out by building social matters. Once you make a decision, put your relationships through the application of trust in Allah. Surely Allah loves those who trust in Him" (Ministry of Religion of the moral values in social interactions. The Republic of Indonesia, Al-Qur'anul Karim values of community education can be Translated & Tajweed, p. 71) seen from the begalan tradition which is d. Irus symbolized by traditional kitchen Irus is used for picking, stirring, utensils as follows. or tasting vegetables. Irus functions as a a. Ciri-muthu tool to even out the taste of dishes. Ciri is a tool used to make Based on the observations made by the cooking spices, while muthu is a tool for author through observations made in kneading spices. Ciri and muthu can be Karangsari at Ari and Iwan's wedding, said to be a package in making cooking the player in begalan tradition, Bani spices. In the begalan tradition, ciri and Arbianto said that: "Bocah wadon muthu have a social meaning. Character digambarake nganggo irus. Wong and muthu symbolize cooperation. wadon kudu pinter ngiras-ngirus. Bisa (FGD, 20 October 2020) ngolah menejemen keluarga, bisa

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ngolah irus nek lagi njangan. Olah-olah and inheritance of this tradition is still men asine rata, legine rata, lan pedese experiencing obstacles such as: rata." (FGD, 20 October 2020) 1) There is an assumption that says begalan The meaning of the above is bid'ah because what is conveyed statement is as follows: "A woman is through begalan is still based on symbolized by irus. She must be good at Javanese culture where the concept of cooking. Able to cultivate family Islamic teachings or religious elements is still lacking because it depends on the management. The meaning of this human resources of the perpetrators who statement is that someone in living life practice it. Religious nuances will is hard to feel happy together by emerge if the perpetrators have working together, so that one can intelligence about Islamic teachings. If understand and understand each other. what happens is the opposite, then the words presented will only have Javanese Begalan as Cultural Heritage and nuances. This is because the knowledge Challenges to its Preservation for the possessed by each actor is certainly Next Generation different in preaching the contents of The religious education values pitutur and piwulang in this manner; contained in the begalan tradition can be 2) The emergence of inappropriate habits such as the habit of actors drinking wine preserved to the next generation, as a substitute for tuak before carrying especially to the millennial generation if out a begalan stage. The perpetrators the continuity of the begalan tradition is who obey the teachings of Islam able to survive until the end of time and certainly avoid this kind of thing. is not erased or extinct from parts of However, some actors who do it before Banyumasan culture. The inheritance of appearing only aim to be more confident religious values through the oral when performing; tradition in the form of pitutur or 3) Performing robberies during the Covid- piwulang that exists in the begalan 19 pandemic was very rare, so the tradition directly is by preserving it perpetrators changed professions to through a guidance system and with a become odd jobs; 4) The lack of young people who want to regeneration pattern for millennials and learn the begalan tradition; the general public who are interested in 5) Lack of Human Resources Begalan to preserving Banyumasan culture. The preserve tradition; Banyumas Regional Government has a 6) There are limited facilities and program that is indirectly able to arouse infrastructure of the Begalan Studio; the attention of the public through 7) There are fewer perpetrators as actors online shows during the Covid-19 inheriting to the next generation. pandemic. This program aims to teach In addition to the obstacles in the the values of religious education to the preservation and inheritance of the audience of begalan. The concept of begalan tradition, it was found that there begalan which contains guidance, were supporting factors that made this pitutur, and piwulang is improvised into tradition able to survive in several areas. a spectacle containing guidance and The first factor is that some of the setting for the audience. (Interview with puppeteers or perpetrators are still Mispan, 20 October 2020) active in preserving it, even though For the players of begalan there are concerns that the begalan tradition, the process of preservation tradition will become extinct in the

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future. There are still puppeteers who suluh and budin), prayer (symbolized by are committed to preserving this bay leaves), and alms (symbolized by tradition, even to the point where they small change). are no longer able to do it one day. The In the begalan tradition it also second factor is the work program of the contains moral educational values, Banyumas local government which including helping (symbolized by patents Banyumas culture in general. pikulan), distinguishing good and bad The Government of the (symbolized by tampah and suket), Republic of Indonesia gave awards establishing friendship (symbolized by through Prof. Dr. Muhadjir Effendy, tampah), being thrifty and staying away Minister of Education and Culture, by from bad qualities (symbolized by bestowing a form of appreciation for cething and sorok), patient / graceful cultural awards through Decree and obedient (symbolized by ian), Number: 65682 / MPK.E / KB / 2018. humble and wise (symbolized by pari), This was stipulated in Jakarta on justice (symbolized by centhong and October 10 2018. In the decree it was ilir), doing good to others (symbolized stated that begalan is the Banyumas by ilir), gratitude (symbolized by irus), Begalan Cultural Work from Central loyal (symbolized by siwur), do not do Java Province as Indonesia's Intangible slander (symbolized by the suluh). The Cultural Heritage. The third or the last last value that is reflected in the begalan factor is the existence of a program that tradition is the value of social education, in school lessons, there is learning about which includes the value of cooperation traditional arts for students in local (symbolized by muthu), unity and content. oneness (symbolized by a broom stick), deliberation (symbolized by kusan), and CLOSING mutual cooperation (symbolized by The Islamic education values are irus). contained in the begalan tradition can The kind of efforts can be find in the begalan tradition, there are caraied out to preserve the begalan many values of Islamic education, tradition by the inheritance of the including the value of monotheism begalan tradition can be used as a education, the value of religious medium in the world of education to education, the value of moral education, learn educational values. An example is and the value of social education. The to include learning about this begalan value of monotheistic education tradition in local content lessons. That referred to in the begalan tradition is way students can be invited to observe related to the pillars of faith, namely h the begalan procession directly at the faith in Allah and faith in God's books wedding ceremony which is staging the which is symbolized by cething. The begalan tradition. They can conduct next one is faith in the end / doomsday research and study the meaning of the which is symbolized by kendhil. values of Islamic education and are Meanwhile, the value of religious expected to apply them in their daily education in the begalan tradition lives. includes prayer (symbolized by pari), Referring to the values of marriage for worship (symbolized by Islamic education in the begalan kusan), work ethic (symbolized by

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tradition, this research recommends the providing religious education to art following: activists; 1. The Banyumas puppeteer artist 5. For the Education and Culture should be more intensive in holding Office of Banyumas Regency, it is meetings between artists to discuss hoped that this tradition can how to maintain and preserve the become a local content in schools. Banyumasam tradition, especially It serves as a learning medium to begalan so that it is well known to teach the values of Islamic the next generations. In addition, education to students so that the they should conduct socialization regeneration process of the begalan with the community about the art of tradition can run well and can begging so that people know that continue to survive as part of the the begalan tradition has noble Banyumasan traditional culture in values that should be used as the future. examples in their daily household life. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2. It is hoped that the Banyumas This research could not have Regional Government will hold been completed properly without the trainings for players in the begalan help of various parties. Therefore, the tradition, especially in the form of authors would like to thank, especially creative training activities for them, to the Head of the Semarang Religious which can be in the form of training Research and Development Center, in public speaking, appearances, Likewise, the authors would like to jokes, dances, dialogues, and giving thank all parties (who cannot be named advice so that they are more skilled one by one) who helped and supported in delivering tailored to the from the beginning to the end of this situation and conditions of the local research. Lastly, to the Editor of the community. Pusaka Journal for their willingness to 3. Banyumas people should publish this article. participate in preserving the begalan tradition by not being anti and rejecting the begalan tradition. 4. The Ministry of Religion of Banyumas Regency is expected to launch a cooperation program with government agencies and stakeholders to provide religious

da'wah training for artists and puppeteers. Thus it is expected that the ability of begalan traditional resources in preaching through cultural arts can increase. This counseling can at least be carried out with the assistance of a Religious Leader, namely

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