Like minds, diverse strengths // Annual Report 2009

Global Donor Platform for Rural Development lGlobal Donor Platform for Rural Development // Annual Report 2009

l Global Donor Platform for Goal Rural Development • To contribute to reducing poverty in develop- • Three-quarters of the world’s 1.4 billion ex- ing countries and enhance sustainable eco- tremely poor people live in rural areas in nomic growth in rural areas through im- Africa, Asia and Latin America. Worldwide proved cooperation and collaboration be- over 950 million men, women and children tween international development partners are undernourished. Food price peaks in and coordinated dialogue with partner coun- 2008 pushed an additional 100 million peo- tries. ple into poverty. Objectives • Rural development is an opportunity for gov- ernments and donors to leverage their ef- • A bigger share of members’ official develop- forts in the fight against poverty. ment assistance for agriculture and rural de- velopment. • Created in 2003, the Global Donor Platform for Rural Development is a network of bilat- • Tangible progress in the implementation of eral and multilateral donors, international fi- the Paris Declaration and Accra Agenda for nancing institutions, intergovernmental Action commitments at country level. organisations and development agencies that share a common vision of the role agriculture • Greater use of programme-based and sec- and rural development plays in reducing tor-wide approaches in agriculture and rural poverty. They are committed to strenthening development programmes. the impact of aid in agriculture and rural de- velopment. • A rationalisation of support to agriculture and rural development by Platform member Vision agencies.

• To be a collective, recognised and influential Strategy voice, adding value to and reinforcing the goals of aid effectiveness in the agricultural • The result of wide consultation, the Plat- and rural development strategies and actions form’s strategic plan 2009–11 sets out the of member agencies in support of partner Platform’s direction and defines its two key countries. roles – advocating and knowledge brokering.

Mission The Strategic Plan 2009–11 PDF – endorsed by the Board in 2009 guides • To achieve increased development assistance operational business plans, work plans and impact and more effective investment in budget. rural development and agriculture. In this report Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 01 lIn this report

lAbout the Platform 02 lDiverse strengths 30

• Like minds – diverse strengths 03 • African Development Bank Group (AfDB) 32 • Platform members and partners 04 • Asian Development Bank (ADB) 34 • From the Chair and Vice Chair 05 • Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) 36 • Austrian Development Cooperation (ADC) via Federal Ministry for European and International lTackling rural poverty together 07 Affairs of Austria/ Austrian Development Agency (ADA) 38 • Belgian Directorate-General • Agriculture for Development Cooperation (DGDC) 40 and Rural Development in 2009 08 • Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) 42 • Milestones 2009 08 • Department for International Development (DFID) – UK 44 • European Commission – Directorate-General l for Development (EC DG DEV) 46 Like minds 12 • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 48 • Advancing global governance and aid effectiveness in • German Federal Ministry for Economic agriculture and rural development 13 Cooperation and Development (BMZ) 50 • Strengthening donor coordination • German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) 52 in support of CAADP 17 • Global Mechanism of UNCCD (UNCCD GM) 54 • Linking rural development • International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 56 and climate change 20 • Irish Aid – Department of Foreign Affairs 58 • Progress at COP15’ 21 • KfW Entwicklungsbank (German Development Bank) 60 • Budget and expenditure 26 • Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Denmark 62 • Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Finland 64 • Ministry of Foreign Affairs – France/French Development Agency (AFD) 66 • Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Italy 68 • Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation – Spain 70 • Ministry of Foreign Affairs – The Netherlands 72 • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop- ment (OECD) Africa Partnership Forum Support Unit 74 • Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) – Sahel and West Africa Club 76 • Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) 78 • Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) 80 • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) 82 • United States Agency for Ending poverty and hunger is a United Nations Millennium Development Goal. To con- International Development (USAID) 84 tribute the Platform fosters mutual trust and respect between donor agencies and de- veloping countries. • The World Bank 86 Photo by Pierre St-Jacques. © ACDI-CIDA. • World Food Programme (WFP) 88 l About the Platform About the Platform Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 03

Improving rural growth is critical for equitable lAbout the Platform development across In- donesia. The Australia Indonesia Partnership contributes to rural growth and improved household incomes by increasing farmer pro- ductivity and support- ing better and more equitable access to markets. Good prac- tices strengthen the impact of rural devel- opment investment.

Photo by Josh Estey. AusAID photo library The Global Donor Platform for Rural Development ing on diverse strengths, promoting ‘division of is a network of organisations committed to im- labour’ amongst donors and enhancing pro- proving the impact of aid in agriculture and rural gramme alignment at country level – all towards development. As of December 2009 the 33 mem- a common goal. bers included bilateral and multilateral donors, in- ternational financing institutions, intergovern- Speaking with one voice and individually, Plat- mental organisations and development agencies. form members influence global development agendas on such issues as food security, climate // Like minds – diverse strengths change and aid effectiveness. Platform messages targeting global leaders and policy makers have Operating at global, regional and national levels, supported the rising prominence of the agricul- Platform members’ priorities differ widely – from ture-for-development agenda. Meanwhile, Plat- fighting hunger worldwide and improving land form facilitated knowledge sharing between and water management, to promoting economic policy makers and practitioners have helped growth through trade and investment strategies agencies develop and adopt common principles and phasing out the cultivation of illicit drugs. and best practices to guide their assistance to rural development. Developing countries and re- What brings members together is their common gional development entities are following suit. In- belief that tackling rural poverty requires a coor- ternational support for agriculture and rural dinated approach. They are convinced that when development is indeed becoming more efficient international development efforts effectively and effective. reach the rural poor, the result is sustainable de- velopment. Through the Platform, members What the Platform achieves – the col- share learning and consolidate better practices in order to raise the impact of their efforts at na- lective achievement – stems from like tional, regional and global levels. Drawing on minds sharing common concerns, pooling their individual strengths, they combine their dif- information and experience, drawing on ferent interests in pursuit of the common aim of diverse strengths, promoting a ‘divi- lessening poverty among rural people. sion of labour’ amongst donors and en- hancing programme alignment at country The Platform today increasingly influences the level – all towards a common goal. international agriculture and rural development landscape. It has demonstrated agility in building consensus around key debates, competency in contributing to global processes, and an aptitude // Platform members and partners for facilitating the uptake of emerging issues in donors’ everyday work. Backed by shared know- In 2009 Platform membership grew to 33. The ledge, the Platform’s work has proved effective in Australian Agency for International Develop- raising the profile of agricultural and rural devel- ment, the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the opment among donors, development agencies, African Development Bank and the World Food governments and other parties. What the Plat- Programme joined as associate members, and form achieves – the collective achievement – the Swedish International Development Coopera- stems from like minds sharing common con- tion Agency became a full member. The Alliance cerns, pooling information and experience, draw- for a Green Revolution in Africa became a partner. k 04 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 About the Platform

Platform members join forces to influence rural development agendas and lessen poverty.

Photos by Platform Secretariat.

// Members KfW Entwicklungsbank Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Austria African Development Bank Group (AfDB) Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Denmark Asian Development Bank (ADB) Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Finland Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) Ministry of Foreign Affairs – France* Austrian Development Agency (ADA) Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Italy* Belgian Directorate-General for Develop- Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Luxembourg ment Cooperation (DGDC) Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Norway Canadian International Development Agency Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation – (CIDA)* Spain* Department for International Development Ministry of Foreign Affairs – The Netherlands UK (DFID)* Organisation for Economic Cooperation European Commission – Directorate-General and Development (OECD) for Development (EC DG DEV)* Swedish International Development Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Cooperation Agency (Sida)* French Development Agency (AFD) Swiss Agency for Development and Coopera- German Federal Ministry for Economic tion (SDC)* Cooperation and Development (BMZ)* The World Bank* German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Global Mechanism of UNCCD (UNCCD GM)* (UNODC) International Fund for Agricultural United States Agency for International Development (IFAD)* Development (USAID)* Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) World Food Programme (WFP) Irish Aid – Department of Foreign Affairs As of 31 December 2009 * Board members

// Partners Livelihoods Connect/Institute of Develop- Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa ment Studies (IDS) (AGRA) Natural Resources Institute (NRI) World Vegetable Center (AVRDC) Overseas Development Institute (ODI) Technical Centre for Agricultural Regional Unit for Technical Assistance and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA) in Agriculture (RUTA) International Food Policy Research Institute As of 31 December 2009 (IFPRI)

// Platform secretariat The secretariat transformed substantially in 2009: CAADP task leader Yihenew Zewdie relocated to Addis Ababa, Christoph Langenkamp succeeded Sonja Palm as secretariat coordinator and was succeeded by Rasit Pertev as ARD policy expert, Marion Thompson succeeded Mark Witzel in finance and administration, Shaughn McArthur succeeded Ada Hakobyan as junior profes- sional officer and Pascal Corbé succeeded Daniel Gerecke as communications officer. About the Platform Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 05

Maria Pia Rizzo, Chair, and Brian Baldwin, Vice Chair.

Photos by Platform Secretariat.

// From the Chair and Vice Chair The past year has been a period of unprece- dented activity for the Global Donor Platform The 2009 Platform annual report draws a de- for Rural Development. Let us recall some of its tailed picture of the actions members took in most important engagements: relation to agriculture and rural development. It illustrates how the collective efforts of Platform – The Madrid High Level Meeting on Food Se- members still underpin the increased efficiency curity for All, where the Platform co-chaired and effectiveness needed to avoid future food the discussion on intensifying and coordinat- crises and ensure vulnerable people – espe- ing country level action on reducing hunger cially women – have access to sufficient, afford- through food and nutrition assistance, and able and safe food. The food crisis has refocused policies for food security and agriculture attention on rural development and agriculture as the basis for food security. – The L’ Aquila Food Security Initiative (AFSI), launched at the G8 Summit through a joint The halfway point towards the 2015 target date statement signed by the Platform together for achieving the Millennium Development with 27 heads of state and government and 15 Goals has long passed. Despite progress, sub- international and regional organisations. The stantial challenges remain. From today’s stand- Platform provided critical input toward the fi- point, it is uncertain that MDG 1, the eradication nalisation of the statement of extreme poverty and hunger, will be reached. This adds urgency to our call for an effective – The coordination and publication of the Joint and sustainable approach to agriculture and Donor Principles for Agriculture and Rural rural development. Development Programmes and the Guide- lines for Support to CAADP Process at a Food security is a cross-cutting issue that de- Country-Level demonstrated the Platform’s mands a coordinated approach. Our success in ability to support the coordination and align- avoiding recurrent global food crises is directly ment efforts of its members and to promote linked to our ability to address other global focused dialogue on the way donors act at challenges: from poverty eradication and envi- country and at headquarter levels ronmental sustainability to climate change im- pact, fluctuating food and energy costs, and – Preparations for the Land, Investment and financial turmoil in world economies. It is Development event, hosted by FAO/IFAD and therefore imperative that global risks be dealt SDC in January 2010, which brought mem- with through an integrated approach, listening bers together with civil society and the private to all actors involved and giving voice to the sector to share knowledge on the diversity of most vulnerable, especially women farmers. ongoing initiatives related to land policies and land tenure

– Agriculture and Rural Development Day and the COP15 side event provided opportunities for agriculture and rural development as well as forestry stakeholders to come together and advance key issues for the evolving inter- national climate regime k 06 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 From the Chair and Vice Chair

Platform achievements can be summarised as The Platform furthermore will, in 2010, focus having contributed to international debates on the themes of climate change adaptation while advocating for sustainable agriculture, and mitigation and how agriculture will con- rural development and nutrition at two different tribute; the ongoing dialogue on promoting re- levels: internally – working among Platform sponsibility in investing in land and ensuring all members to harmonise donor approaches in stakeholders are involved; delivering CAADP agriculture and rural development. And globally compacts by members at country level; and – reaching out through members to stakehold- strengthening food security and advancing the ers of other key disciplines and thereby advanc- Millennium Development Goals in the poorest ing debates on the inter-linkages between parts of the world through continued involve- agriculture, nutrition, poverty reduction and cli- ment in the aid effectiveness debate. mate change. We reaffirm our mission – to achieve an in- In 2009 the Platform proved that it is delivering creased development assistance impact and on its promises: through information sharing more effective investment in agriculture and and knowledge management, it supported its rural development – as well as our commit- members and the entire agriculture and rural ment to improve coordination and harmonisa- development community to better respond to tion of our policies at international and head- the steadily rising demand of growing popula- quarter level and through members’ interven- tions for agricultural products, including food, tions at field level. fibre and fuel. In doing so, we increasingly recognise that the Platform has set out a new As for our vision, we can surely state that the way of doing business. The Platform and its Platform has emerged as a collective, recog- members stand ready to support this. nised and influential voice, adding value to and reinforcing the goals of aid effectiveness in the In 2010 the Platform will build on its achieve- agriculture and rural development strategies ments to facilitate and advocate for a new gov- and actions of member agencies in support of ernance of global food security and nutrition at partner countries. global, regional and local levels, and to ensure that AFSI is put into action. In this context, Thanks to all members whose contributions building on the comparative advantage of the have enabled us to produce this report Rome-based agencies and international organi- sations, supporting dialogue with the UNHLTF while engaging with the private sector, the Plat- form will continue to support initiatives to scale up efforts to address the multifaceted aspects Maria Pia Rizzo, Brian Baldwin, of agriculture and rural development. Chair Vice Chair l Tackling rural poverty together 08 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Tackling rural poverty together lTackling rural poverty together

//Agriculture and Rural CAADP as an African initiative and framework for Development in 2009 operationalising the Paris Declaration on Aid Ef- fectiveness and the Accra Agenda for Action in // Weathering the crises the African rural development context, the Plat- form facilitated donor support and alignment For donors in agriculture and rural develop- with its principles. ment, 2009 should have been a time to regroup, collect lessons learned and consolidate political Climate change also came to the fore as an issue progress. Following the food and fuel price posing additional challenges and requiring a de- shocks of 2007/8, declines in commodity prices cisive response from the agriculture and rural seemed set to continue easing pressures on the development community in 2009. As the depen- livelihoods of the world’s poor. Determined to dants and stewards of vast terrestrial ecosys- avoid a repeat, governments around the world tems likely to be worst hit by changing weather started paying more attention to the rural poor and atmospheric temperatures, smallscale and food security. farmers in the global south carry immense po- tential to mitigate carbon emissions, and to help No sooner had this assessment emerged than the growing populations of the world adapt to its the severity of the financial crisis became clear. threats. With COP15 offering the prospect of an As talk of a “triple F” – food, fuel and finance – international climate change deal at the end of crisis began to amplify, so did fears that devel- the year, the Platform helped forge a broad coali- oping countries would soon face a worldwide tion to support the message that a deal without reduction in public expenditure on poverty alle- agriculture is no deal. viation. Calling the financial crisis a “develop- ment emergency”, the World Bank’s Global This annual report revisits the challenges that Monitoring Report 2009 estimated the crisis confronted the agriculture and rural develop- would push an additional 50 million people into ment community in 2009 from the Platform’s extreme poverty by the end of the year. DFID es- particular perspective as a convener, advocate timated that figure could rise to 90 million by and knowledge broker. It looks at what Platform the end of 2010. members did and achieved together, and indi- vidually. It distills their diverse priorities and With a view to curtailing some of the worst im- approaches, and forebodes the processes and pacts, several processes were launched to keep interventions to be carried by the Platform the international community on track towards through 2010. the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). From the G8 Summit in L’Aquila to the World //Milestones 2009 Summit on Food Security, governments and in- tergovernmental organisations encouraged one In 2009 the Platform drew on collective and in- another not to waver on poverty reduction. dividual strengths and interests to influence key Working together and within their organisa- processes in rural development. Platform tions, Platform members responded by redou- members were active at events in partner bling their efforts to ensure tightening aid countries, regionally and globally. Constant budgets were used more effectively. One result communication – working group meetings, up- was the donors’ unprecedented recognition of dates, teleconferences, videoconferences and CAADP (the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture emails – fuelled the momentum. Development Programme). Acknowledging Tackling rural poverty together Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 09

A farmer group works on a sisal pilot plan- tation in Nyanduga village, Tanzania. Members aerate the land and prepare it for intercropping with sorghum, maize, beans, potatoes and sunflowers.

Photo by Robert Grossman. IFAD photo library.

Stressing the role of rural development in food security

High Level Meeting on Food Security for All January, Madrid Platform co-chaired roundtable on intensifying and coordinating country-level action

Policy Dialogue on High Food Prices: Outlook February, Paris and Mid-term Donor Response Co-organised by Platform, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

UK Parliamentary Inquiry into the Global Food Crisis April, London Vice-Chair represented Platform as panellist

International Food and Agricultural Trade Policy Council Event October, Washington Platform Chair presented and was a panellist

World Summit on Food Security November, Rome

Making aid for rural development more effective

General Assembly of Sector Network Rural Development-Africa February, Nairobi

World Bank Rural Week 2009 - Agriculture in a changing world March, Washington DC

G8 Summit July, L’Aquila

Road from L’Aquila September, Washington DC

Neuchâtel Initiative Annual Consultation Meeting September, Assisi

Roundtable on Promoting Responsible International Investment in September, New York Agriculture

European Development Days October, Stockholm

Enhancing Dialogue, Coordinating Agendas - Platform/EIARD joint November, Eschborn workshop k 10 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Tackling rural poverty together

Linking rural development and climate change

Advancing Agriculture in a Copenhagen Agreed Outcome and Beyond June, Brussels Co-organised by Platform, European Commission

9th Session of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments October, Bangkok for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP) and 7th Ses- sion of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA)

Agriculture and Rural Development Day December, Copenhagen Co-organised by Platform, Consultative Group on International Agri- cultural Research (CGIAR), University of Copenhagen, International Federation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Global Forum on Agricultu- ral Research (GFAR), Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP)

Forest Day 3 December, Copenhagen

COP-15 side event Beyond Copenhagen: Agriculture and Forestry December, Copenhagen are Part of the Solution Co-organised by Platform, International Federation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP), Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)

Involving civil society organisations and the private sector in rural development

Effectiveness In Aid To Agriculture – Czech Action To Strengthen Food February, Prague Security French Development Agency (AFD), Department of International Cooperation UK (DFID), European Commission (EC) and secretariat presented

FoRS (Czech NGO platform) Conference on Civil Society Organisati- June, Prague ons Aid Effectiveness Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) Focal Point presen- ted on CSOs and aid effectiveness in agriculture and rural development

AgriBusiness Forum 2009: Boosting Agricultural Productivity for June, Cape Town Economic Growth in Africa Vice-Chair presented on the role of donors and international finance institutions in meeting rural investment needs

Coffee farmer Marwa James and his wife Bhoke James harvesting coffee beans from their one hectare plantation. An IFAD project provided them with coffee seed- lings and training.

Photo by Robert Grossman. IFAD photo library. Tackling rural poverty together Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 11

Supporting rural development in Africa through the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP)

4th CAADP Partnership Platform meeting March, Pretoria Co-organised by Platform, African Union Commission (AUC), New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD)

CAADP Day July, Tripoli Co-organised by Platform, AUC, NEPAD

CAADP Donors and Partners Meeting September, Addis Ababa Co-organised by Platform, AUC, NEPAD

5th CAADP Partnership Platform Meeting November, Abuja Organisational support by Platform Secretariat

CAADP Africa Forum 2009 December, Nairobi

Information products ders with the intention of helping them raise In 2009 the Platform consolidated lessons lear- the quality and impact of aid to rural develop- ned and research findings into numerous infor- ment. mation products. These were distributed widely among both Platform members and stakehol-

Platform publications • Agriculture and climate change // l 2009 Platform Issue Papers – No. 1: Taking Stock after the Bonn • Harmonisation and alignment // Climate Change Talks Platform Joint Approaches – No. 2: Addressing the Technicalities – Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture and – No. 3: An ARD Roadmap to Copenhagen Rural Development Programmes: – No. 4: Why and How to Include Agriculture Incentives for Change in a Post-2012 Agreement – Guidelines for Donor Support to CAADP – No. 5: Agriculture in the LCA Process at a Country-Level – No. 6: Agriculture in the Climate Change Negotiations • Aid modalities // Platform Study – No. 7: Issues for Barcelona – Sharpening the Rural Focus of Poverty – No. 8: Agriculture and Copenhagen Reduction Strategies: Context, Lessons and Way Forward • Research linkages // Platform Discussion Papers – Co-published with European Initia- tive for Agricultural Research for Development (EIARD) – No. 1: Maximising the Contribution of Agricultural Research – No. 2: Strengthening the Demand Side of Agricultural Research l Like minds Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 13 lLike minds

Tackling rural poverty among members and build understanding of l together in 2009 – priorities rural development as the foundation of sustain- able international development. Amid timidity in • Contributing to processes to improve global the financial markets, the Platform contributed governance and promote donor harmonisa- to the understanding that growth originating tion and alignment in agriculture and rural in agriculture is two to four times more effec- development tive in reducing poverty than growth in other sectors. • Facilitating the coordination of donor sup- port to CAADP at country, regional and con- “Amid timidity in the financial mar- tinental levels kets, the Platform contributed to the understanding that growth originating • Linking agriculture and rural development in agriculture is two to four times to climate change more effective in reducing poverty Advances in rural develop- than growth in other sectors.” l ment in 2009 – highlights Toward this end, the Platform supported mem- • Increasing recognition of the role of agricul- ber coordination around initiatives such as the ture, food security and development in the Common Framework for Action (CFA) and the climate change debate Global Partnership for Agriculture and Food Se- curity (GPAFS), and in response to the growing • Smallholder agriculture stressed as a key to land acquisition debate. The Platform also con- food security in the G8 L’Aquila Statement, tributed to and signed the G8 L’Aquila Joint under which donors committed over US$20 Statement on Global Food Security – a land- billion in new aid to agriculture and rural mark international agreement that recognises development the need for international investment in agri- cultural development as a safeguard against fu- • Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture and ture food crises. Rural Development Programmes endorsed // Expenditure gains influenced • Progress with the CAADP process, sup- by 1% GDP Growth ported by increasing donor coordination at GDP growth originating headquarter and field levels Agricultural Nonagricultural in agriculture benefits 8 the poor people more

6 Source: World Bank, World Development // Advancing global governance Report 2008, p.6 and aid effectiveness in agricul- 4 ture and rural development 2 Percent 0 Better global governance and aid effectiveness in agriculture and rural development is central -2 to achieving the MDGs. In 2009 the Platform in- Lowest 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Highest tensified efforts to coordinate discussions Expenditure deciles k 14 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

Uganda – Hoima Kibaale Districts Inte- grated Community De- velopment Project. A potential credit ap- plicant and member of the Busiisi SIDA women’s group works on her food crop. Achieving the MDGs requires strong part- nerships between countries and develop- ment agencies.

Photo by Radhika Chalasani. IFAD photo library.

Answering the call for a coordinated global response to major l agricultural investment and acquisition of rights to land

• Major agricultural investment – and acqui- (SDC), and the International Fund for Agri- sition of rights to land and related re- cultural Development (IFAD) – together sources in the developing world – is an with representatives of the United Nations emerging issue. In 2009, various stakehold- Conference on Trade and Development ers including G8 leaders called for agree- (UNCTAD), took part in discussions on ways ment on principles for responsible invest- to coordinate responses at a round table ment. Appropriate land governance is criti- held in New York in September concur- cal to food security and development out- rently with the 64th United Nations General comes. Assembly. The round table was organised by the Government of Japan. • The Platform seeks to harmonise the ef- forts of member organisations working on • Addressing appropriate land governance – land issues. Launching this process, Plat- by keeping members informed and sharing form members – the World Bank, Food and information – will be a key thrust for the Agriculture Organization (FAO), Swiss Platform in 2010. Agency for Development and Cooperation

// Encouraging broad-based and inclusive national, regional and global levels – led to the partnerships to promote food security establishment of a Global Partnership for Agri- culture and Food Security (GPAFS). The Platform Decision makers increasingly acknowledge the is now working with the HLTF and GPAFS pro- need to work together to address challenges re- cesses to move these agendas forward. lated to international food security. At the High Level Meeting on Food Security for All in Madrid Contributing to coherent policies in January, key decision makers considered how on agriculture and food security to move forward on the Comprehensive Frame- work for Action (CFA). The Platform coordinated The global debate on food security that followed member input to the event and co-chaired a the food price crisis of 2007/08 led to a broader round table on the need to harmonise and align awareness in the public and willingness of politi- efforts. cal circles to address the need for more coherent rural development policies in line with the Paris The outcome of the meeting was a statement Declaration and Accra Agenda for Action. Seizing stressing the need to mobilise additional re- the opportunity of these developments at the sources for food security in poor countries and to time, the OECD Development Cooperation Direc- coordinate the use of these resources in a better torate and the Platform organised the Policy Dia- way through the High Level Task Force (HLTF). logue on High Food Prices: Outlook and Donor Consensus on the need for broad-based, inclu- Mid-term Response in Paris in February. The dia- sive partnerships to promote food security – in- logue helped shape the OECD policy advice for volving civil society and the private sector at enhancing food security in a coordinated manner. Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 15

Improving incomes and access to markets in Indonesia. Muhamid Siudi and his wife Nur Halima with one of their calves at their Po- syandu Sapi, or Baby Cow Clinic. Australia’s support for rural growth aims to help grow the economy, create employment and alleviate poverty for men and women.

Photo by Josh Estey. AusAID photo library.

Enhancing support to smallholder As a signatory to the L’Aquila Statement, agriculture as a key to food security the Platform subsequently took part in the Road from L’ Aquila meeting in Washington in Any initiatives to avert future food security September, and the World Summit on Food crises must include long-term support to Security in Rome in November. Here, a start smallholder agriculture. Again seeking to en- was made on tracking commitments made at hance understanding and gain support at the L’Aquila and translating them into action. highest levels, Platform members at the G8 Summit called for donor coordination and sup- port for small farmers in agricultural and rural Donors commit US$20 billion development programmes – the L’Aquila State- lfor agricultural and rural ment issued at the close of the summit en- development dorsed both principles. Donors at the summit committed to mobilise US$20 billion over three Citing the Accra Agenda for Action, the G8 years to agricultural and rural development. Summit called for investments to be lever- aged according to the principles of develop- “We are determined to improve ment effectiveness – donor coordination, adherence to government development coordination of financing mecha- strategies, partnerships with the private sec- nisms and stand ready to ensure tor and civil society, country ownership, that new resources complement knowledge-based policy and capacity devel- existing facilities and programmes opment. Responding to this call, donors and catalyse additional funds committed to mobilising over US$20 billion around country-owned strategies, over three years to agricultural and rural de- velopment. in particular to increase food production, improve access to food and empower smallholder farmers to // Strengthening intersectoral linkages gain access to enhanced inputs, technologies, credit and markets.” Research agencies, civil society organisations, L’Aquila Joint Statement on Global networks and private sector actors each occupy Food Security, L’Aquila an important and integral part of international development processes. As such, those organi- Food Security sations sharing the Platform’s interests need to Initiative (AFSI), G8 July 2009 be brought into discussions on rural develop- ment, the effectiveness of aid and their role in k 16 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

Working to improve rural livelihoods and food security through the Seeds of Life programme, with support from the Australian Centre for Inter- national Agricultural Research.

Photo by Philippa Vennin. AusAID photo library.

moving development forward. Their involvement Civil society will nurture more inclusive development pro- cesses and ownership of outcomes. Two events hosted by the Czech Presidency of the European Union in 2009 provided openings for the The research community and rural Platform to engage with and strengthen links advisory services with civil society.

The 15th Annual Consultation Meeting of the At a meeting on Effectiveness in Aid To Agricul- Neuchâtel Initiative hosted by the Food and Agri- ture hosted by Czech Action to Strengthen Food culture Organization (FAO) in Assisi in September Security in February, the French Development took bold steps to reinvigorate support for rural Agency (AFD), European Commission (EC), UK advisory services. The outcome of this meeting Department for International Development (DFID) was an agreement to initiate a Global Forum for and the Platform secretariat highlighted the im- Rural Advisory Services (GPRAS). The initiative, to portance of donor coordination, and outlined best be launched at the Global Conference on Agricul- strategies and approaches for development effec- tural Research for Development (GCARD) 2010 in tiveness on behalf of the Platform. Montpellier, envisions a role for the Platform as the link between GPRAS and the donor community. Representing the Platform at the Conference on Civil Society Organisations Aid Effectiveness in The Platform continued to strengthen its links June, the Canadian International Development with the research community through a joint Agency (CIDA) advocated for improved donor-civil workshop with the European Initiative for Agricul- society coordination in line with the Accra Agenda tural Research for Development (EIARD) in for Action. Eschborn in November. Workshop participants underscored the importance of: // Promoting harmonisation and alignment for more effective aid • Greater investment in agricultural education and extension The Paris Declaration and the Accra Agenda for Action have strengthened the resolve of donors to • Strengthening demand-driven research to align their efforts and provide more joined-up as- serve the needs of smallholders and repre- sistance to partner governments. The Platform, as sentative farmers’ organisations a neutral convenor,builds consensus and shares best practice in the donor community to adapt the The private sector principles of aid effectiveness to the realities of rural development. In 2009 the Platform passed a The Platform took advantage of opportunities to milestone towards this goal when it adapted the connect with the private sector, for example at principles of aid effectiveness to the sector-spe- AgriBusiness Forum 2009: Boosting Agricultural cific realities in agriculture and rural development. Productivity for Economic Growth in Africa in Cape Town in June. In his presentation, Platform Platform endorses Joint Donor Principles for Vice-Chair Brian Baldwin highlighted the role of Agriculture and Rural Development Programmes international financial institutions and donor or- ganisations in creating conditions for increased The Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture and investment in agricultural development. Rural Development Programmes are a prime ex- Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 17

A Ghanaian woman works in a rice proces- sing centre. In Ghana, 45 per cent of the popu- lation lives on less than one US$ a day. Agricul- ture is helping to reduce poverty and stimulate the country’s economy. The Platform seeks to increase the overall effectiveness of aid in rural development.

Photo by Roger LeMoyne. © ACDI-CIDA. ample of the value added by Platform processes to individual efforts. Extensive consultations al- Principles – a milestone in lowed successive drafts of the principles to inte- l aid coordination grate the considerable feedback gathered at meetings and in partner countries, culminating in • The Joint Donor Principles for Agriculture their endorsement in 2009. Based on the princi- and Rural Development Programmes: In- ples, the Platform has developed guidelines for centives for Change PDF – the Paris Decla- harmonising support for country-led agriculture ration and Accra Agenda for Action and rural development in Africa that are already principles tailored to rural development. being followed by donors and governments. Putting principles into practice Work on aid effectiveness to pick up pace in 2010 During the year, the Platform also distributed two new publications setting out best prac- The Platform’s aid effectiveness work is ex- tices pected to pick up pace in 2010 as Platform mem- bers prepare for the 4th High Level Forum in • Tracking Results in Agriculture and Rural Seoul in 2011. Just as it did in Accra, the Plat- Development in Less-Than-Ideal Condi- form will contribute its donor coordination and tions PDF was in high demand in 2009 by rural development expertise throughout the members and by agriculture and rural de- Seoul process. Through the kindling Seoul pro- velopment practitioners in developing cess and in all its work, the Platform will con- countries. It is a sourcebook on results- tinue to advance understanding of assistance to based indicators and workable approaches agriculture and rural development as inherently for monitoring and evaluating agriculture more effective in reducing poverty than aid to other and rural development programmes. sectors, and vital to the world’s food security. • Sharpening the Rural Focus of Poverty Re- // Strengthening donor coordina- duction Strategies PDF promotes good tion in support of CAADP practices in poverty reduction strategies, national development strategies, related The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Develop- expenditure frameworks and sector budget ment Programme (CAADP) is an African led and processes. owned framework for agricultural development, set up under the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) – an initiative imple- // Consolidating support mented by the African Union (AU) and the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA). A ve- Through the CAADP Development Partners’ hicle for aligning diverse stakeholders toward a Task Team, Platform members work in tandem set of commonly agreed objectives, CAADP em- to coordinate their support for CAADP. bodies the principles of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and Accra Agenda for Action. In 2009 these efforts attained new ground. Founded on similar values and committed to CAADP’s success, the Platform facilitates donor The Donors and Partners Meeting, coorganised coordination in support of its implementation. by the African Union Commission and the Plat- k 18 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

A greenhouse prospers in the moun- tains of Peru, thanks to cooperation between local and Canadian organisations. Half of Peru’s 27 million people are poor, with five million living in extreme poverty on less than a dollar a day.

Photo by Joshua Kraemer. © ACDI-CIDA

form in Addis Ababa in September, provided a unique opportunity for representatives of deve- Engaging effectively with lopment partners from both headquarter and l CAADP field offices, African governments and regional institutions to build concensus, strategies and Platform activities bring about greater trust processes for supporting CAADP as the African- and understanding between the donor com- led initiative to boost agricultural productivity. munity and key continental, regional and na- Within this context, much thought was given to tional agencies in Africa. In 2009 the CAADP the best modalities and principles for stream- Development Partners Task Team lining donor support to the CAADP process. It led to the endorsement of the Guidelines for • Advocated for political buy-in to CAADP at Donor Support to CAADP Process at a Country the global level Level. The guidelines are already leading to more effective donor engagement amid quick- • Strengthened the drive for Platform mem- ening CAADP implementation. bers to increase support to key CAADP ac- tors such as farmers’ organisations

Guide to harmonising • Established communication between l support for rural CAADP and global initiatives and networks development in Africa on African agriculture

• The Guidelines for Donor Support to • Provided planning and organisational sup- CAADP Process at a Country Level, jointly port to CAADP Partnership Platform meet- published by the African Union Commis- ings sion (AUC) and the Platform, and endorsed by the AUC and 13 development partners, • Supported conceptualisation and develop- will have far-reaching positive impacts on ment of regional CAADP compacts the way donors respond to the imperatives of agriculture in Africa. The guidelines are • Directly engaged with country-level donor available in English PDF and French PDF on groups concerned with agriculture on the the Platform website. role of development partners in the CAADP process

Comprising representatives from about half of • Provided political, organisational and tech- the Platform member organisations, the CAADP nical support to CAADP-generated pro- Development Partners’ Task Team works infor- cesses of investment appraisal at country mally, agreeing on action by consensus. As well level as encouraging ongoing communication on CAADP, members of the task team arrange side meetings at major agricultural confer- ences and workshops to consolidate support. Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 19

Participants of CAADP Day in Tripoli in June.

Jeff Hill (USAID) and Salifou Ousseini (ECO- WAS) at the 5th CAADP Partnership Platform meeting in Abuja in November.

Photos by Platform and NEPAD Secretariats.

// CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund // Ongoing engagement

The Platform strongly supports the establish- Two Partnership Platform meetings held in ment of the CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund 2009 gave development partners the opportu- (MDTF). A joint financing facility set up at and nity to hold comprehensive discussions with managed by the World Bank, the MDTF is a African Union institutions entrusted with mechanism for channelling financial support CAADP oversight. for CAADP processes to get agriculture in Africa moving in the right direction. The 4th Partnership Platform in Pretoria in March laid the foundations for robust and coor- dinated engagement of in-country development The CAADP Multi-Donor Trust partners with the CAADP agenda. At the 5th Fund is a means to build Partnership Platform, development partners African capacity to effectively officially committed to the Guidelines for Donor lead, implement, monitor and Support to the CAADP Process at a Country Level, and to a CAADP Mutual Accountability evaluate CAADP processes and Framework. support the formulation of investment programmes of CAADP Contributing to the momentum, the CAADP through harnessing Africa’s own Donors and Partners meeting in Addis Ababa in capacities and global September set a new precedent by gathering best practices. donors and CAADP institutions under a single roof.

// Keeping the momentum // Key stakeholders reaffirm commitment The Platform will seek to maximise the ex- Key CAADP stakeholders took a further step change of CAADP experiences to ensure Plat- forward in consolidating their support for the form members’ support to agriculture in Africa programme at CAADP Day, held on the eve of benefits from engagement with the CAADP the 13th African Union Summit, in Tripoli in agenda. In 2010 this will involve donor coordi- June. Important players in Africa and the inter- nation around CAADP through three main activ- national development community used the op- ities: portunity to reaffirm their commitment to CAADP. The development partners who took • Supporting the implementation of Guide- part further underscored the importance of lines for Donor Support to CAADP Process country ownership and coalition building in at a Country-Level agriculture. • Developing and implementing a CAADP Mu- tual Accountability Framework

• Providing planning and organisational assis- tance to the convening of CAADP Partner- ship Platform meetings k 20 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

A seedling farm that generates income for women in southern Somalia. The seedlings are planted where trees were cut down for wood. These com- munities could benefit from payments for sequestering carbon to mitigate climate change.

Photo by Peter Smerdon. WFP photo library.

// Linking rural development and climate change Rural development, climate l change and poverty Agriculture and forestry account for over a third of greenhouse gas emissions. Farmers in de- Agriculture plays an important role in devel- veloping countries are likely to be amongst opment: those most affected by climate change. With the world’s population set to grow to over nine bil- • The world will need to feed 9.1 billion peo- lion people in 2050 and increasing demand for ple by 2050 and at the same time reduce agricultural outputs, climate change threatens poverty through agricultural growth to reduce agricultural productivity and further imperil global food security. • Agriculture is the mainstay of 75 per cent of the developing world’s poor and any Any measures to address climate change measures to build resilience to climate should embrace farmers’ potential to mitigate change must involve agriculture emissions and sequester carbon, while helping to build their resilience and adapt to climate • Agriculture, as a major emitter of green- change. For example, carbon trading schemes house gases, is both part of the challenge could include payments to the rural poor for and – with its potential to mitigate emis- managing landscapes and governments could sions and sequester carbon – part of the provide incentives for rural communities to se- solution quester carbon. Such international mecha- nisms must in turn be mainstreamed in deve- • Agriculture is important for safeguarding lopment partners’ support for rural develop- the environment ment.

// Positioning agriculture on the climate COP15 fell short of expectations. But for the change agenda agriculture and rural development community Copenhagen brought about important progress, In 2009 the Platform drew together members including a broad shift towards greater recogni- and partners to focus minds on this key mes- tion of the roles of agriculture, food security sage. Its aim was to get agriculture and rural and development in the climate change debate. development written into the agreement at the It also instigated the fomentation of a broad 15th Conference of Parties (COP15) of the coalition of agriculture, development and United Nations Framework Convention on Cli- forestry stakeholders, working in tandem to ad- mate Change (UNFCCC) in Copenhagen in De- vance dialogue and understanding on the ways cember. their constituents affect and interact with the global climate architecture. Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 21

COP15 left observers disappointed – for ARD stakeholders it marked a shift towards greater recognition of agricul- ture in the climate change debate.

Photo: Platform secretariat

// Progress at COP15 // Advancing agriculture at Copenhagen and beyond

Progress in agriculture, • Tracking the United Nations Framework l forestry and food security Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiating texts – the Platform supported Despite the shortcomings of the 15th Confer- agriculture and rural development stake- ence of the Parties (COP15) in Copenhagen, holders’ efforts to lobby the case of agricul- progress was made both inside and outside ture and rural development throughout the the negotiations in relation to agriculture, negotiation process forestry and food security: • Convening key stakeholders – the Platform • Recognition that agriculture needs to be facilitated the development of a set of mes- part of an eventual climate change agree- sages, shared by the agriculture and ment forestry communities, to be fed into the UN- FCCC negotiations • Calls for the establishment of a mecha- nism, including Reducing Emissions from Advancing Agriculture in a Copenhagen Agreed Deforestation and Forest Degradation Outcome and Beyond, coorganised by the Plat- Countries (REDD plus) for mobilising form and the European financial resources Commission in Brussels in June, enabled key stakeholders to agree a road map for engage- • Pledges of US$150 billion to a Global Re- ment at COP15 search Alliance on Agricultural Green- house Gases by 21 countries Photos: Platform secretariat.

• Establishment of a Copenhagen Green Cli- mate Fund of US$30 billion in the period 2010–12, increasing to US$100 billion by 2020

k 22 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

Niger has been sever- ely affected by a food crisis aggravated by drought and locust in- vasions. The Platform works to link agricul- ture, food security and climate change on global agendas.

Photo by Benedicte Pansier. WFP photo library.

// Updating stakeholders year.The papers also stressed the multiple divi- dends to be gained by channelling climate change The UNFCCC negotiating texts representing the finances into agriculture and rural development, two tracks of negotiations – the Ad Hoc Working including supporting populations in poor countries Group on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG- to adapt to climate change and mitigate carbon LCA) and Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Com- emissions while contributing to world food security. mitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP) – were long and complex. The papers helped stakeholders synthesise their positions on agriculture and climate change, and to Cutting through the clutter,a series of eight Plat- alert their governments and negotiators to key form Issue Papers tracked key passages relating to risks and opportunities as the negotiations pro- agriculture as they evolved over the course of the gressed.

l Keeping stakeholders up-to-date on the UNFCCC negotiating text Issue Paper No. 1: Taking Stock after the • Highlights references to agriculture in the Bonn Climate Change Talks Long-term Cooperative Action (LCA) nego- • Analyses the achievements for agriculture tiating text for climate change talks in and rural development Bonn, 10–14 August Issue Paper No. 2: Addressing the Issue Paper No. 6: Agriculture in the Climate Technicalities Change Negotiations • Identifies the challenges for effectively • Analyses the latest negotiating text for the mitigating emissions from agriculture and Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term helping farmers adapt to climate change Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) • Identifies agriculture issues to be ad- Issue Paper No. 3: An ARD Roadmap to dressed by negotiators Copenhagen • Gives reasons for including agriculture in • Lists the events leading up to UNFCCC post-2012 agreements COP15 • Highlights recent research and research Issue Paper No. 4: Why and How to Include gaps Agriculture in a Post-2012 Agreement Issue Paper No. 7: Issues for Barcelona • Sets out issues to be addressed for agri- • Gives reasons for including agriculture in culture by a post-2012 agreements post-2012 agreements Issue Paper No. 5: Agriculture in the Long- • Highlights recent research and research term Cooperative Action gaps • Analyses the latest negotiating text for the Issue Paper No. 8: Agriculture and Copen- Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term hagen Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) On the eve of COP15, • Identifies agriculture issues to be • Elaborates how agriculture features in the Issue Paper No. 8: Agriculture and Copen- addressed by negotiators negotiation texts hagen PDF high- lighted negotiating text • Sets out the arguments for including passages relating to agriculture in a COP15 agreement agriculture. Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 23

Agriculture and forestry constituencies joined forces at an offi- cial COP15 side-event, where they stressed that any climate change deal needs to recognise the potential contribution of forestry and agriculture to cli- mate change adapta- tion and mitigation.

Photo: Platform secretariat.

// Influencing Copenhagen Why agriculture is part of The Platform’s main objective at COP15 was to l the solution to climate change stress the links between agriculture and cli- mate change. To ensure negotiators heard the Participants at Agriculture and Rural Devel- messages, members worked in a consortium of opment Day argued that UNFCCC negotia- like-minded partners to agree on common po- tions should recognise that agriculture is sitions. part of the solution to climate change.

Forestry and agriculture are Endorsing the proposed target of cutting greenhouse gas emissions to avoid a tem- where poverty reduction, food perature increase of more than 2° Celsius security and climate change come they stressed that: together and must be addressed in an integrated fashion. • Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture is essential for achieving the target

Agriculture and Rural Development Day, a • Farmers and researchers are already finding major event coorganised by the Platform, the climate change solutions that reduce emis- Consultative Group on International Agricul- sions while increasing agricultural produc- tural Research (CGIAR), the International Fed- tion sustainably and will continue to do so eration of Agricultural Producers (IFAP) and the University of Copenhagen, clearly set out how • While adapting to unpredictable conditions, small farmers in developing countries can agriculture must double food production to make a difference to climate change. A joint meet the food needs of nine billion by 2050 statement produced at the event was later fed without increasing emissions into the negotiations via an official COP15 side event titled Beyond Copenhagen: Agriculture • Substantially more financing and invest- and Forestry are Part of the Solution. Hosted by ment will be needed across the entire rural agriculture and forestry stakeholders, the event value chain. New investments must ensure spelled out the key messages on agriculture, that adaptation and mitigation are not un- development and forestry to be addressed on dermined by reducing support for global the negotiating floor. food security and rural development US Secretary of Agri- culture Tom Vilsack at his key note address • New investment must be accessible to all at Agriculture and stakeholders, including researchers and Rural Development Day 2009 expressing civil society, and especially farmers and his vision that climate change would be a de- their associations fining issue for the community in the co- ming decades. He also • Climate negotiators must agree to set up a made time to partici- pate in a number of work programme for agriculture under the break-out sessions at the event. Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Techno-

logical Advice (SBSTA) immediately Photo: Platform secretariat. 24 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

New skills and training in areas of northern Ghana where jobs are few will help families survive, adapt to changes in climate and boost the local economy.

Photo by Roger LeMoyne. © ACDI-CIDA.

// Moving agriculture forward from the Key messages on agriculture Copenhagen Accord l and forestry for negotiators The Copenhagen Accord provides four main av- Beyond Copenhagen: Agriculture and enues for the Platform to move forward on link- Forestry are Part of the Solution spelled out ing agriculture and rural development to a set of messages for the COP15 negotiators climate change:

• Food security must be integrated into the 1. Donors and developing countries can allo- Long-term Cooperative Action text in order cate some of the US$30 billion fast track to open the door for support for adaptation funding to programmes for adapting agricul- and mitigation measures in agriculture ture to climate change and mitigating its ef- fects. • A work programme on agriculture should be launched immediately under the Sub- 2. Donors and developing countries can support sidiary Body for Scientific and Technologi- the development of REDD++ and address the cal Advice (SBSTA) issue of agriculture as one of the main drivers of deforestation. • Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) schemes 3. Donors can support developing countries should include agriculture, forestry and that indicate that their agricultural sector other land uses could play a role in mitigating climate change. • The Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) accounting system 4. Systems for monitoring, reporting and verifi- needs to be favourable to agriculture cation should be developed so as to embrace agriculture. • Strengthen cross-sector cooperation to ad- dress the drivers of deforestation, enhance sustainable agricultural growth and foster rural development Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 25

Agronomists inspect a field of sorghum in Mali. Sorghum ranks fifth worldwide among cereals after maize, rice, wheat and barley. CIDA supports projects that help farmers in Mali to improve their harvests and thus eat better.

Photo by Pierre St-Jacques. © ACDI-CIDA

// Building on success To do this the Working Group will seek to strengthen the alliances and consensus built Encouraged by the success in bringing together among agriculture and forestry stakeholders in a high-calibre consortium of actors on agricul- 2009. Not least, the Platform will step up work ture and rural development in Copenhagen, the to engage developing countries in discussions Platform Agriculture and Climate Change on the climate change and agriculture agenda. Working Group is determined to redouble its efforts in 2010. Alliances with civil society and • It will encourage decision on a Work Pro- farmer organisations will strengthen these gramme on Agriculture by the Subsidiary efforts. Body for Scientific and Technical Advice of the UNFCCC, which will meet in Bonn in June. The Working Group plans to continue to support discussion within and outside UNFCCC pro- • Through Agriculture and Rural Development cesses. Work in support of agriculture and cli- Day 2010, it will seek to influence negotia- mate change linkages will be guided by two tions at COP16 in Cancun. main goals: • Several publications, infomails and constant • To mainstream agriculture, rural develop- communication between Platform members ment and food security in the international and partners will help fuel the momentum. climate change debate.

• To mainstream climate change in develop- ment partners’ agriculture and rural devel- opment programming.

k 26 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

// Budget and expenditure // Budget and Expenditure 2009

Platform activities are funded by annual mem- Actual expenditure in 2009 reached €1,050,372 bership contributions towards the Platform - which was not only less than the approved trust fund managed by GTZ. Members contri- budget of €1,465,045 but also less than what buting €50,000 annually or more qualify for full had been received in terms of contributions. membership and a seat on the board. Following Most contributions were made for implementa- a network evaluation in 2008, the Platform em- tion periods other than the calendar year 2009 barked on a process to improve its focus and and allow for implementation well into 2010. In strategic direction. The process led to the for- addition, some activities planned for 2009 were mulation of the strategic plan 2009–2011, on shifted into 2010 such as the Platform Annual which the work programme 2009 and the bud- General Assembly and Land Day. Besides, some get 2009 were built. activities carried out in 2009 will only incur ex- penses in 2010 at the time when invoices are // Contributions 2009 paid. Substantial cases are the expenses re- lated to Agriculture Day and COP15. In 2009 the number of full members increased from nine to 13. The introduction of a strategic plan allowed members to make longer term commitments for the first time. Three mem- bers signed three-year contribution agree- ments by the end of 2009.

Overall, member contributions into the trust fund to implement the work programme rose by 85% from €856,154 in 2008 to €1,587,537 in 2009. These contributions included an amount of €110,783 earmarked for the CAADP donor–part- ner meeting as well as co-organising Agriculture Day at the COP15 in Copenhagen. The balance of €1,476,754 were untied contributions.

Contributions 2009 Expenditure Balance (in €) (in €) (in €)

Platform Trust Fund 1,587,537 1,050,372 537,165 Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 27

// Expenditures and financial contributions for the activities of the Global Donor Platform for Rural Development in 2009

// Financial Overview

Table 1. Expenditures and endorsed activities

OUTPUT 1: Advocacy Euro

Support implementation of CFA and GPAFS 0 Strengthen outreach to CSOs 0 Develop and strengthen membership 0 Strengthen links with agriculture research (joint workshop) 126 Identify themes for targeted messages, disseminated and advanced Themes 0 Finalise JPs, disseminate and refine as needed 0 Adapt lessons learned from JPs and KM for advocacy use 0 Support HLF Food Prices Madrid, January 0 Support AU Summit on Agriculture 0 Support members towards COP 15 0 Co-organize international conference with member agency 0 OECD Policy Dialougue on Food Prices, February 9,267 Knowledge event Rural Week 0 CAADP PPs and advocacy in HQs 0 Agriculture day COP 15 14,668 Land Day 0 Co-organize international conference with member agency 0 Facilitate participation of and participate at identified HLFs and other events 5,714 Layout & Print Jobs 41,310 Proportionate staff cost Advocacy (%) 172,618 Proportionate travels 42,224 Sub total 1: OUTPUT 1 285,927

k 28 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Like minds

The World Food Programme in Ethiopia, Managing En- vironmental Resources to Enable Transition (MERET), supports sustainable land and water management and increased productivity in food- insecure communities. MERET was recognized at the Copenhagen Climate Conference at the end of 2009 as one of the ways forward to combat climat change. It has great potential for countries that are unable to withstand climate shocks and proves how community based land and water management can halt serious deterioration of the environment.

Photo Mario Di Bari. WFP photo library.

Table 1. Expenditures and endorsed activities

OUTPUT 2: Fostering Knowledge Euro

Implement a scoping KM exercise 0 Develop and implement a realistic KM system 0 Further develop webpage as Web 2.0 instrument, provide information via e-mail and webcalendar 35,645 Organize regular telephone and videoconferences 7,875 Organise and implement the Annual General Assembly 2,404 Organise and implement bi-annual Board 767 Host knowledge event on climate change and ARD 27,266 Prepare and disseminate regular newsletter 0 Identify contentious/emerging issues and facilitate discussion 5,696 Develop and provide ARD/AE training for: policy practicioners 532 - In Country, Africa and Asia 19,338 Joint Knowledge piece 0 Prepare Platform policy briefs and discussion papers 36,126 Review seminal major publication 0 Implement scoping exercise and design monitoring system 0 Assessment of national, regional and sub-regional level ARD donor coordination in Africa 668 Oversee study on post-compact funding, policy reorientation CAADP 0 Planning and organisational assistance for members and African partners for CAADP 0 Support implementation of PP deliberations 0 CAADP day 0 CAADP donor partner meeting 48,154 proportionate staff cost Knowledge (%) 224,403 proportionate travels 42,685

Sub-total 2: OUTPUT 2 451,559 Like minds Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 29

Table 1. Expenditures and endorsed activities

Platform Management and Governance Euro

Secretariat Coordinator Task Leader ARD policy Communications officer CAADP Task Leader Junior Professional Officer Office assistant Finance Administrator (50%) Platform Interns sub total personell (not put forward) 466,068 Proportionate Staff cost Management % 69,047 Office rent, communication 69,396 Office equipment 6,646 Independent ext. Evaluation 38,198 Financial and contract management 8,760 Office Assistance/Management 0 Sub-total 3: Management and Governance 192,047

Total OUTPUT 929,533 GTZ Indirect Support Costs (ISC) 120,839

Total expenditures in 2009 1,050,372

Table 2. Financial Contributions to the Platform 2009 Euro

CIDA 92,838 SDC 50,000 DFID 162,502 EC 500,000 Global Mechanism of UNCCD 45,755 IFAD 50,000 Irish Aid 25,000 Ministry od Foreign Affairs – France 50,000 Ministry od Foreign Affairs – Netherlands 25,000 SIDA 80,753 The World Bank 60,783 BMZ 444,906

Total financial contributions to the Platform received in 2009 1,587,537

Difference to expenditures 2009 537,165 l Diverse strengths Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 31 lDiverse strengths

The year 2009 saw the global financial crisis reach its climax. Governments took bold steps Members constitute the building to avert turmoil in world markets, and to secure blocks of the Platform. Through the adequate food supplies for their populations in Platform they align their approaches. the future. In this atmosphere of reflection and Their diverse perspectives and reform, the Platform encouraged donors to en- strengths broaden the Platform, sure that recent increases in aid to agriculture enhancing its capacity to influence and rural development were not lost, but rather accelerated to prepare for future challenges in- agriculture and rural development cluding climate change, population growth and policy landscapes. land use.

Today, the L’Aquila Food Security Initiative and the Global Partnership for Agriculture and Food // Improving trends in development Security (GPAFS) provide frameworks that help aid to agriculture governments keep their commitments and co- ordinate their responses to the needs of the ODA commitments to International ODA to agriculture, forestry and fishing agriculture, forestry rural poor. Progress with CAADP implementa- and fisheries fell tion shows that the principles of aid effective- at constant prices 2008 from 12.9% in 1985 to 3.8% in 2006. 9000 14 % ness can indeed be transformed into tangible While rising in ab- solute terms, as a 8000 12% outcomes at regional and national levels. proportion of official 7000 development assis- 10% tance investments in The first part of this annual report revisited the 6000 rural development 8% continue to fall short. 5000 challenges that confronted the agriculture and The Platform is 4000 6% working to raise the rural development community in 2009 from the profile and priority of 3000 ARD Platform’s particular perspective as a convener, milliuon US$ 4% 2000 advocate and knowledge broker. This second 2% part narrows in on what Platform members did 1000 individually. It distils their diverse priorities and 0 0

approaches, and forebodes the processes and 1983 1084 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 interventions to be carried by the Platform Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing Percent of total ODA through 2010. 32 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths AfDB l lAfrican Development Bank Group (AfDB)

LO E DE DE EVE PME AIN VE D NT IC L N R O A F F P IC U A P N E R D E M F A U E

Q N

N T

A

B

T F N O E N D M E S P A P F O RIC EL AIN DE DEV

AfDB aims to assist African countries – individually // Achievements, success stories, and collectively – in their efforts to achieve sustain- lessons learned able economic development and social progress. // Evaluation of AfDB and IFAD work in Africa AfDB also finalised the strategy, planning and pro- During 2009, AfDB and the International Fund for cedures for three pilot projects for the Africa Fertil- Agricultural Development completed a joint evalu- izer Financing Mechanism and launched a ation of their agriculture and rural development five-year plan to improve agricultural water man- policies and operations in Africa. The findings will agement. guide the two organisations’ future work. Both are important actors in agriculture and rural develop- ment, until recently contributing around half the // AfDB investment portfolio in multilateral official development assistance to agriculture, forestry, fisheries agriculture and rural development.

AfDB investment portfolio in // Africa Fertilizer Financing Mechanism agriculture, forestry, fisheries In 2009, AfDB prepared and finalised the strategy, 500 operational plan for 2009-2011, the procedures 450 400 manual and three pilot projects for the Africa 350 Fertilizer Financing Mechanism. As US$10 mil- 300 lion is still needed to start the fund, the Govern- 250 ing Council set up two high-level committees to 200 150 mobilise financing.

US$ million current prices 100 50 // Congo Basin Forest Fund 0 AfDB is responsible for the general operation of 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year the CBFF, which helps people and institutions in the Congo Basin better manage forests, in a way that enables them to make a living by conserving // AfDB and the Platform the forests and reducing the rate of deforestation. In 2009, CBFF recruited staff and a fund manage- The bank has used Platform reports to in- ment agent, approved the operational procedures form its work in areas such as agricultural manual and organised an event at the Copen- infrastructure development, natural re- hagen climate change summit in December. sources management, and environment and climate change // Climate for Development in Africa Programme ClimDev-Africa is a strategic framework for adapting to climate variability and change led by the African Union Commission, the United Na- tions Economic Commission for Africa and AfDB. l AfDB Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 33

The African Development Bank supports ClimDev- // AfDB lessons learned Africa through two related initiatives. The first is To improve project effectiveness, projects should a US$30 million institutional support project. This be designed with fewer and easily implemented will strengthen the capacities of four African re- components. Projects are more effective when gional climate centres to generate relevant cli- effort is divided among development partners matic information and make it widely available to according to their comparative strengths. support development planning. In the second ini- tiative, the bank has endorsed the creation of the // Priorities ClimDev-Africa Special Fund, a multi-donor facil- ity to finance the framework’s activities. Agriculture infrastructure development: US$318.74 million // Agricultural water and water storage In 2009, AfDB launched a five-year plan to im- Natural resources management, environment prove agricultural water management on 500,000 and climate change: US$127.62 million hectares and boost water storage capacity by at least one per cent, or 8.5 billion cubic metres. To- (The sums given here are disbursed over the gether with partners, AfDB will mobilise invest- project life, on average five years.) ments to achieve these targets.

Building today, a better Africa tomorrow

WWW afdb.org/en/

WWW afdb.org/en/topics-sectors/initiatives-partner- ships/congo-basin-forest-fund/ 34 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths ADB l lAsian Development Bank (ADB)

The Operational Plan for Sustainable Food Se- // Achievements, success stories, curity defines ADB’s approach, which is pro- lessons learned grammatic, multi-sectoral and complements the work of development partners and spe- In 2009 ADB collaborated with the Asia Pacific cialised agencies. The bank’s approach also Association of Agricultural Research Institu- emphasises long-term support for agricultural tions and the Global Forum on Agricultural Re- and natural resources research. search to identify key agricultural and natural resources research needs. The results were During 2009, ADB collaborated with partners to used to recommend research priorities and im- identify key research needs and priorities for plementation mechanisms for sustainable food sustainable food security in Asia and the Pa- security in Asia and the Pacific. cific. ADB also works with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus Three (APT) to ADB also assists APT with its integrated food develop its integrated food security framework security framework and strategic plan of action. and strategic plan of action. Specifically, the project will help authorities de- velop a business model for a regional rice re- serve, expanding rice trade in the region and // ADB aid to agriculture and broadening the outreach of the food security in- rural development formation system.

ADB aid to agriculture and rural development // Showcase 2500 2000 // Publications 1500 1000 ADB published three major reports on agricul- 500 ture in the Asia–Pacific region in 2009. 0 US$ million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year • Singh, R.B. Regional Report on Agricultural Re- search for Development in the Asia-Pacific Re- gion. PDF This report identifies research ADB aid to agriculture and rural development priorities for ADB long-term programming. as a proportion of total ODA 30 • IFPRI-ADB. Building Climate Resilience in the 25 Agriculture Sector in Asia and the Pacific. PDF 20 This report evaluates the impact of climate 15 change on agriculture in order to inform adap- Percent 10 tation and mitigation policies and practices. 5 0 • ADB. Policy Implementation and Impact of Agri- 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year culture and Natural Resources Research. PDF This report evaluates policy implementation and the impacts of agricultural research. Its findings were used to develop a new operational plan for ADB’s engagement with regard to food security. l ADB Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 35

// Priorities

Area Programmes Amount dis- Anticipated bursed/approved outcomes

Capacity de- Water resources and natural resources US$1.037 Improved capa- velopment management, water supply and sanita- billion city of countries tion improvement to manage water supply and sani- tation services

Inclusive Flood damage rehabilitation US$462 Rural productivity social million raised through development rehabilitated infrastructure

Environmen- Integrated agricultural development, US$1.6 mil- Agricultural tal sustaina- rural infrastructure lion productivity bility enhanced

// Events // Websites Events during the year included a technical meeting on cross-border agriculture that gen- erated inputs for the Greater Mekong subregion agriculture trade facilitation strategy. ADB also held a workshop to develop guidelines for water and climate change adaptation strategies that will be used by ADB and the Network of Asian River Basin Organizations.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org.

WWW adb.org Fighting Poverty in Asia and the Pacific

WWW adb.org/Documents/Books/Building-Climate- Resilience-Agriculture-Sector/default.asp 36 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths AusAID l lAustralian Agency for International Development (AusAID)

In the financial year 2009–2010, Australia’s Gov- // Achievements, success stories, ernment announced a new Food Security lessons learned through Rural Development budget of AU$464 million over four years. This will be used to An internal evaluation of AusAID-funded rural boost agricultural productivity, improve rural development began in 2009 and is due to be livelihoods and build community resilience. completed in mid-2010. Most of the budget will be spent in 2011–2012 and 2012–2013. Other highlights include a series of initiatives, such as a new financial services strategy, being conceptualised, designed or expanded under // AusAID aid for agriculture the Food Security through Rural Development budget measure.

Australia also launched two pilot projects in In- 100 80 donesia as part of Reducing Emissions from De- 60 forestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). The 40 projects are Forest Carbon Partnerships in Kali- 20 mantan and Sumatra. 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year US$ million constant 2007 prices // Priorities

// AusAID aid to agriculture as a Australia’s priorities are lifting agricultural pro- proportion of total ODA ductivity, improving rural livelihoods, building community resilience and expanding financial services for the poor. Australia is consolidating 10 its efforts in these priority areas rather than con- 8 tinuing to cover agriculture and rural develop- 6 ment more broadly. 4 Per cent 2 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year // Showcase

The majority of poor people remain excluded from financial services. In 2009, therefore, // AusAID and the Platform AusAID began developing Financial Services for the Poor: A strategy for the Australian aid The Platform has added value by helping to program 2010–15. PDF This sets out how Aus- guide and inform Australia’s engagement on tralia will broaden its focus on expanding ac- food security, broadly in Africa, and by devel- cess to financial services to help poor people oping and sharing ideas on agriculture and improve their standard of living. AusAID will climate change in the build-up to the Copen- double its spending in this area over the next hagen summit in December 2009. few years. l AusAID Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 37

Improving rural growth is critical for equitable development across In- donesia. The Australia Indonesia Partnership aims to increase far- mers’ productivity and support better and more equitable access to markets.

Photo by John Gyovai © Istock

AusAID’s work concentrates on in its own Asia- PDF ausaid.gov.au/publications/pubout.cfm?ID=3645_ Pacific neighbourhood, but extends to South and 1909_4834_7583_9490&Type=PubPolicyDocu- East Asia, Africa and the Middle East ments&FromSection=Publications

WWW ausaid.gov.au/about/ausaidmap.cfm 38 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths ADC / ADA l lAustrian Development Cooperation (ADC) via Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs of Austria/Austrian Development Agency (ADA)

// ADC aid to agriculture, forestry, // ADA and the Platform fisheries and rural development In 2009 the Austrian Development Agency ADC aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheries and other Platform members discussed or- and rural development ganic agriculture in the context of climate Agriculture Rural Development Fisheries Forestry change. The Platform also added value to the 15 work of ADA through its study on SWAps, and discussion papers and briefs on topics such 10 as bio-fuels and rural–urban linkages. The 5 Platform publication Tracking Results in Agriculture and Rural Development in Less- 0 € million constant 2007 prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 Than-Ideal Conditions: A Sourcebook of Indi- Year cators for Monitoring and Evaluation also proved extremely helpful to Austria’s work.

// Achievements, success stories, lessons learned

ADA focused on improving its impact on reduc- ADC aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheries as a proportion of ODA ing poverty in 2009. It did this by concentrating 10 on results and results-based management and 8 the development of the sustainable capacity – in 6 the sense of change management – of partners 4

Per cent and other stakeholders. With respect to the lat- 2 0 ter, some lessons learned are: 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year • Until recently, capacity development activities and benefits had been biased towards the top level. Austria therefore now focuses on strengthening capacities at local levels.

• ‘Capacity traps’ are often related to power rela- tions, vested interests, access and attitudes. A detailed analysis of capacity traps is needed, but this should not be done by donors, but by the people concerned and by local and national experts and institutions. l ADC / ADA Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 39

// Priorities

Area Programmes Anticipated outcomes

Organic Interventions in ADC partner countries: Support for farmers, especi- agriculture • Support for production and marketing of ally smallholders, in sustaina- organic products (Nicaragua) ble production to improve • New and continuing research and NGO their livelihoods cooperation projects in organic agriculture

Local econo- Interventions in ADC partner countries: Enhanced local value chains mic develop- • Programme supporting the local economy with a focus on smallholder ment, with a and enhancement of citizens’ participation farmers, empowerment and focus on (Guatemala) inclusive participation among agriculture • Support for integrated forest and livestock others systems and production of cacao (Nicaragua)

Agricultural ProAgri II in Mozambique (Austrian contribu- Successful implementation of SWAps tion committed for Sofala Province) national policy and improved capacities at local levels

Decentralised Interventions in ADC partner countries: Very much the same as local local develop- • Programme for rural development: local economic development, but ment, with a development funds in provinces of Bale and with a stronger focus on natu- focus on Houet, Burkina Faso ral resource management agriculture, • Regional programme in Boucle de sound natural Mouhoun (Burkina Faso) resource ma- • Sustainable resource management in nagement North Gondar, Ethiopia and land issues

• The tendency is to focus on organisations and // Events to neglect framework conditions and relation- Internal workshop and discussion on results- ships. Austria therefore now considers society orientation and results-based management in as a whole – individuals, organisations and the rural and local development programmes in the enabling environment – and does not restrict Amhara and Somali regions of Ethiopia. its endeavours to agriculture and rural devel- opment. Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. // Showcase // Initiatives // Publications ADA, with the participation of the concerned In 2009 ADA published a focus paper, Food se- ministries, research institutions and NGOs, set curity – international goal and human right PDF up an informal task force on the Right to Food. (in German), which outlined Austria’s response This has resulted in discussion papers on topics to the food crisis. It also followed up on its 2007 such as bio-fuels. draft strategy paper on organic agriculture and reflected on the status of organic agriculture in development cooperation. 40 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths DGDC l lBelgian Directorate-General for Development Cooperation (DGDC)

DGDC does not have specific programmes in agri- // DGDC and the Platform cultural development. However,11 out of 18 part- ner countries now cooperate with DGDC on agri- The Platform has helped Belgium improve culture and rural development. What is more, the effectiveness of its aid -- with papers on DGDC has raised its contributions to the Interna- the Platform website being particularly use- tional Fund for Agricultural Development and the ful in drafting the new Belgian agriculture Consultative Group on International Agricultural and food security strategy. Discussions with Research. the Platform about the Copenhagen summit on climate change and issue papers on the Activities in 2009 included a new type of interven- subject helped DGDC better orientate its po- tion linking policy and regulation with operations in sition, especially on integrating agriculture the field in Burundi, Benin and Niger,and taking a into discussions on climate change. value-chain approach to local economic develop- ment in Peru. Coordination and engagement with the Euro- pean Initiative on Agricultural Research for Development (EIARD) have been very informa- // DGDC aid to agriculture and rural tive and further cooperation will certainly add development value. The Platform provided networking op- portunities and helped the Belgian Develop- ment Agency (BTC) identify speakers for its DGDC aid to agriculture international seminar on agriculture and pro- Through multilaterals poor growth in Brussels in December 2009. DGDC disbursements with purpose codes 311xx, 312xx or 313xx as primary, secondary or third sector

150 100 // Achievements, success stories, 50 lessons learned 0 € million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year (estimated) // Agriculture is back in the picture Eleven of DGDC’s 18 bilateral development partners now have agriculture and rural devel- opment as a sector for cooperation. In 2009, DGDC doubled its contribution to the Interna- tional Fund for Agricultural Development to €6.54 million and allocated additional funding DGDC aid to agriculture as a proportion of total ODA of €3 million to the Consultative Group on Inter- national Agricultural Research (CGIAR) for 10 2009–2011. 8

6 // Aid effectiveness 4 Percent DGDC is reflecting on different scenarios for 2 anchoring bilateral governmental cooperation 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 in institutions in the agricultural sector. Year l DGDC Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 41

// Sector programmes // Initiatives DGDC is evolving towards sector-programme ap- DGDC has provided input to the new national proaches in a number of countries, moving away agriculture and food security strategy. In addi- from separate project interventions. tion, it has set up New Indicative Cooperation Programmes with partner countries where // Policy and regulation agriculture has been selected as a priority sector. DGDC has introduced a new type of intervention that links the policy-making and regulating DGDC has also established a new Belgian Fund functions of the agriculture and livestock min- for Food Security, replacing the Belgian Survival istries of Burundi, Benin and Niger with opera- Fund that ended in 2009. The new fund has a tions in the field. Known as ‘double anchorage’, budget of €287 million for structural interven- the approach establishes clear feedback mech- tions in food security in sub-Saharan Africa anisms between the two levels. over the next 10 years.

// Value-chain approach DGDC is taking a value-chain approach to local economic development in Peru.

// Priorities The DGDC budget is not thematic, but is based on partner country envelopes. DGDC does not have specific programmes in agriculture and rural development, but in countries where agri- culture is a priority sector it responds to re- quests from partners.

Following a commitment in 2008 to increase the share of official development assistance for agriculture to 10 per cent by 2010 and 15 per cent by 2015, DGDC is drafting a new national PDF diplomatie.belgium.be/en/binaries/jaarver- policy on agriculture and food security. slag2008_en_tcm312-65475.pdf

// Showcase

// Publications DGDC produced several agriculture-related publications, most notably the brochure Food aid–Food security PDF , and articles in the DGDC publication Dimension 3.WWW All these publica- tions have helped raise public awareness.

// Events DGDC has participated in several events relat- ing to agriculture, including the International Fair for Agriculture, Stockbreeding, Garden, Parks and Green Spaces (AGRIBEX).

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. 42 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths CIDA l lCanadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

At the 2009 G8 Summit, Canada committed // Achievements, success stories, CDN$600 million in new and additional funds for lessons learned sustainable agricultural development over three years. As a result, CIDA is providing renewed CIDA’s Food Security Strategy builds on Canada’s support for national and regional programmes to Prime Minister’s 2009 announcement of an increase agricultural production and smallholder extra CDN$600 million for sustainable agricul- productivity. CIDA has also increased its support tural development. for key multilateral organisations and for re- search on locally adapted technologies, more nu- This investment will allow Canada to broaden tritional crops and production systems that are and deepen its bilateral commitments with key sustainable and resistant to climate change. countries. It will also increase the financial support given to critical multilateral organisa- tions, such as the International Fund for Agri- // CIDA aid to agriculture, cultural Development, the Consultative Group forestry and fisheries on International Agricultural Research and the World Food Programme.

CIDA aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries Multilateral Bilateral 250 // Showcase 200 150 // Publications 100 50 CIDA produced Canada’s Food Security Strategy 0 – the objective of which is to respond to imme-

CDN$ million current prices 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 Year diate food needs while increasing access to quality, nutritious food over the longer term. Data includes agriculture, forestry and fisheries. CIDA does not consider forestry and fisheries to be part of its food security commitments. The strategy also seeks to improve governance of the global food system. CIDA aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries as a proportion of total ODA // Events 10 CIDA held consultations with civil society, the 8 private sector and development partners on the 6 development of the Food Security Strategy. It 4

Percent represented the Platform at the international 2 Civil Society Organizations Development Effec- 0 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 tiveness conference, where it delivered a pre- Year sentation advocating improved donor–CSO coordination, in line with the Accra Agenda for // CIDA and the Platform Action.

CIDA considers the Platform’s Development Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications Partners Task Team for CAADP to be a very use- WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and ful mechanism for improving coordination and rural development available at donorplatform.org. communication with other development part- ners. It is an important model for improving do- nor harmonisation and coordination of activities l CIDA Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 43

Photo by SirName Photocase

// Initiatives velop stronger accountability and tracking of CIDA has provided co-leadership in the L’Aquila commitments made at L’Aquila through the Food Security Initiative (AFSI). It has helped de- AFSI group.

// Priorities

Area Programmes Anticipated outcomes

Agriculture Support for national and regional agricultural More sustainable agricultural strategies and their implementation at all lev- production and higher pro- els, in particular support for CAADP ductivity of rural smallholder farmers, especially women

Support for key multilateral organisations Stronger policies, more ac- working to address the food security of vulner- countable institutions and bet- able populations and support smallholder ter management processes farmers within partner organisations

Agricultural Support for research organisations: Consulta- Better access to new and lo- research tive Group on International Agricultural Re- cally adapted technologies search, Forum for Agricultural Research in and specialised expertise for Africa farmers in developing coun- tries

Budget support for agriculture ministries that More environmentally sustai- support national agricultural research sys- nable agricultural production tems (NARS) and higher productivity

Research projects of civil society partners More nutritional crops and farming systems that are resi- lient to climate change 44 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths DFID l lDepartment for International Development (DFID) – UK

DFID recently increased its annual spending on // Achievements, success stories, agriculture, forestry and fisheries to £411 million. lessons learned During 2009, it funded agricultural research, shaped a strong, coordinated international re- // Research sponse to the global food crisis and continued to In 2009, DFID spent £67 million on four pro- spearhead the Food Retail Industry Challenge gramme pillars: agriculture research, regional Fund. DFID also invested in African fisheries and agriculture research in Africa linked to CAADP, gave substantial country-level support to countries advanced research, and getting research into including Rwanda, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Bangla- use through public–private partnerships. DFID desh and India. provides eight per cent of the CGIAR’s total funding.

// DFID aid to agriculture, forestry // Influencing the international response to the and fisheries food crisis DFID has shaped a strong, coordinated, inter- DFID aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries national response to addressing the causes of hunger, and has focused on supporting country- Multilaterals Non-multilaterals 500 led processes. This is now being taken forward 400 through the L’Aquila Food Security Initiative, 300 which includes an international commitment to 200 100 US$22 billion for agriculture and food security. 0 £ million current prices 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 Year // Food Retail Industry Challenge Fund The Food Retail Industry Challenge Fund, which aims to get more African products onto UK super- market shelves, was launched in 2008 with £1.9 DFID aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries as a proportion of total ODA million from DFID. With matching funds from im- 10 plementing companies, the total commitment to

8 the eight projects set up so far is now £3.87 million.

6

4 // Linking growth to social protection Percent 2 DFID engaged the Overseas Development Insti-

0 tute to build the evidence base for growth-pro- 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 moting social protection mechanisms in Year small-scale agriculture.

// DFID and the Platform // Fisheries Investment in fisheries has enabled new and exist- Platform support for the CAADP Partnership ing knowledge to be used to tackle international Platform has been highly valuable. The de- policy issues. The Partnership for African Fisheries velopment of the Platform website to support emerged from the detailed scoping led by DFID. the CAADP Development Partners’ Task Team has been useful and DFID is keen to // Sub-Saharan Africa see further development. In Rwanda, DFID contributed £20 million to the agricultural sector through support for Land l DFID Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 45

Tenure Regularisation, and in Zimbabwe provided of support the Platform should provide to agricultural inputs that enabled two million people CAADP at country level caused some confusion to grow more food. In Ethiopia, DFID’s productive among development partners during 2009. safety nets programme helped 7.8 million people consume more and better quality food. “Leading the UK government's fight against world poverty” // Bangladesh Both the Challenging the Frontiers of Poverty Reduction and the Chars Livelihoods pro- // Showcase grammes demonstrated the strength of the asset-transfer model as a means of lifting peo- // Publications ple out of extreme poverty. In 2009, DFID released its nutrition strategy, The neglected crisis of undernutrition. PDF It also pub- // India lished research papers on world and African food In the Madhya Pradesh Rural Livelihoods Pro- prices and on markets and food security in gramme successful bottom-up micro-planning Bangladesh. It produced various publications on has put in place sustainable and climate-re- rural development in India, and made substantial silient livelihood options. In addition, in the inputs into the Platform’s Guidelines for Donor Western Orissa Rural Livelihoods Programme, Support to CAADP Process at a Country-Level. PDF the livelihoods-based participatory watershed Other research publications are available through development approach is seen as best practice the websites of DFID, ODI and other partners. and is being replicated by the state government. // Events The Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Liveli- DFID held CAADP donor working group meet- hoods Programme is a good example of donor ings, an Extreme Poverty Day in Bangladesh, harmonisation (IFAD, DFID, WFP) in a pro- and a Workshop on Social Inclusion in Rural gramme supporting state governments. Development in India.

// CAADP Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications A lesson learned is that lack of clarity from the WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and Platform steering committee about the extent rural development available at donorplatform.org.

// Priorities

Area Programmes Expenditure Anticipated 2004/5–2008/9 outcomes

Agriculture Agriculture policy and administrative £297 million Improved agri- management, agricultural services, agri- cultural sector cultural development, agricultural land and yields resources, livestock

Rural Integrated rural development projects £165 million Less rural development poverty, contribut- ing to the achieve- ment of MDG1

Agricultural All forms of renewable natural £152 million Improved policy research resources, agricultural and forestry and agricultural research growth

Food aid and Food supply under national or interna- £141 million Safety nets food security tional programmes; cash payments for provided for the food supplies; project food aid (excludes poorest emergency food aid) 46 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths EC DG DEV l lEuropean Commission – Directorate-General for Development (EC DG DEV)

In 2009 the European Commission launched // Achievements, success stories, three packages of projects as part of its €1 bil- lessons learned lion Food Facility, set up in response to the grow- ing food security problems faced by many deve- // Launch of €1 billion Food Facility loping countries. The facility operates from In March 2009, the European Commission 2009-2011 and supports agricultural projects. launched a €314 million package of projects to The Commission also provided funds to CAADP support agriculture and improve food security and at the G8 L’Aquila meeting pledged €2.7 bil- in 23 developing countries. This is the first lion for food security interventions in 2010-2012. tranche in the framework of the €1 billion Food Facility set up at the end of 2008 in response to the growing food security problems faced by // European Commission develop- many developing countries. The Commission ment assistance to agriculture also agreed to an overall plan for the use of the facility, targeting 50 developing countries

EC aid to agriculture // Food Facility second tranche 600 A second tranche of €394 million in the frame- 500 work of the €1 billion Food Facility was 400 launched in April 2009. The facility operates for 300 three years until 2011 and supports agricultural 200 projects. Funding generated by the Food Facility 100 is channelled through international organisa- 0 tions, NGOs and the private sector. US$ million 2007 constant prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year

Source: OECD DAC Official bilateral commitments by sector Together for a better world

EC aid to agricultureas a proportion of total ODA // Food Facility third tranche 10 A third set of measures with a value of €122 8 million was agreed in December 2009. A €7.75 6 million support programme for Tajikistan was Percent 4 decided on separately. 2

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 // G8 L’Aquila pledge Year At the G8 meeting, the European Commission Source: OECD DAC official bilateral commitments by sector stressed that priorities should harmonise with national priorities and plans and focus on smallholders in line with the Accra Agenda for Action. The EC signed the L'Aquila Declaration on agriculture and food security and pledged US$3.8 billion (€2.7 billion) for food security in- terventions from 2010 to 2012. l EC DG DEV Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 47

The EC Directorate- // CAADP Multi-Donor Trust Fund General for Develop- ment partner The Commission pledged US$7.2 million to the countries CAADP MDTF, with half that sum granted so far. It is anticipated that contributions from other development partners will boost the MDTF to about US$60 million by 2012.

// European Initiative for Agricultural Research and Development The Commission confirmed its interest in strengthening links with agricultural research and specifically the European Initiative on Agri- cultural Research for Development (EIARD). The EC indicated that resources were available to support this initiative through a project ad- ministered by German Technical Cooperation (GTZ).

// Advancing agriculture at Copenhagen and beyond // Prioritiy Jointly hosted by the Platform and European Commission, this meeting in Brussels in June The European Commission’s priority is to im- 2009 led to an agreement by participants to co- prove food security by boosting agriculture and ordinate their approaches in the lead-up to the strengthening safety nets through its €1 billion Copenhagen climate-change summit and be- Food Facility. Around half of the facility has so yond. far been disbursed.

// Agribusiness Forum 2009 The Commission, together with the Food and // Showcase Agriculture Organization and International Fund for Agricultural Development, represented the In 2009, the European Commission Directorate- Platform at the agribusiness forum, Empower- General for Development held the European ing the Private Sector to Boost Productivity and Development Days in Stockholm and developed Growth, in Cape Town, South Africa. a new Food Security Policy. 48 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths FAO l lFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

In November 2009, FAO hosted the World Summit // Achievements, success stories, on Food Security – a major event at which world lessons learned leaders unanimously adopted a declaration pledg- ing renewed commitment to eradicate hunger. In March 2009, FAO received its first funds from China, which set up a US$30 million trust fund to Also in 2009, FAO received historic donations help developing countries improve agricultural from China and the European Union, published productivity, in order to reduce hunger and poverty. its flagship reports on the state of five key sec- tors, and tackled issues ranging from climate- In May 2009, FAO signed its largest ever agreement change mitigation by forests to livestock with the European Union. The EU provided €106 emergencies, seed supply and illegal fishing. million for this assistance package to 10 countries in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean who suffered most from the 2007-2008 food price crisis. Under // FAO aid to agriculture and the EU-FAO partnership, over €200 million rural development (US$285 million) is being channelled from the EU Food Facility through FAO for operations in 25 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. FAO aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries In October 2009, a fisheries commission for 240 Central Asia and the Caucasus was created 230 as a new regional fisheries management body. 220 210 200 A major new study by the FAO Forestry Depart- 190 ment found that planted forests help combat US$ million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year the effects of global warming by reducing the loss of forest area and absorbing up to 1.5 giga- tonnes of carbon each year. FAO aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries as a proportion of total ODA 60 // Priorities 50

40 FAO priorities 2009 30 350 20

Percent 300 10 250 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 200 Year 150 US$ million 100

50

0 Agriculture Forestry Fisheries Emergencies l FAO Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 49

// Showcase “For a world without hunger” // Flagship publications The FAO published surveys of the state of five key sectors: // Initiatives • The State of Food and Agriculture PDF The new guidelines for livestock emergencies • The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture PDF (LEGs), which support emergency interventions • The State of the World’s Forests PDF with local communities and service providers, • The State of Food Insecurity in the World PDF were the result of just one of the many FAO initia- • The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets PDF tives begun or underway in 2009.

The fourth edition of the Codex Alimentarius: Others include the Seed Alliance Without Bound- Food Hygiene (Basic Texts) PDF was also published aries (SAWIB), which cuts across crop production in 2009, as was the FAO Statistical Yearbook and and food industry domains, and a US$60 million the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2008-2017. PDF FAO multi-donor, five-year programme to aid cli- mate change mitigation. This promotes sustain- // Events able, low-emission agriculture in developing The High-Level Expert Forum on How to Feed countries. the World in 2050 was organised by FAO in Oc- tober 2009 and contributed to the debate and In November 2009, the new FAO/IFAD/WFP joint outcome of the November World Summit on food security strategy was launched. This com- Food Security. The Summit, also held at FAO, bines the expertise and comparative advantages renewed the commitment to eradicating hunger of the three food agencies. Also the Agreement as soon as possible, and produced the Five on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Rome Principles for Sustainable Global Food Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Security, which prioritise the actions needed. (IUU) Fishing was approved and deposited at FAO. This is the first global treaty addressing the prob- The International Year of Natural Fibres 2009 em- lem of IUU fishing. phasised the importance of natural fibres to the economies of developing countries and farmers. FAO developed the WWW EX-ACT carbon balance appraisal tool during 2009. This can be used to // Websites evaluate the carbon impact of land-based agricul- The Capacity Building portal strengthens knowl- tural development projects before they start. edge sharing: WWW fao.org/capacitybuilding.

The national basic food prices data and analysis tool allows price comparisons and analyses of domestic and international markets to be made: WWW fao.org/giews/pricetool.

WWW fao.org/docrep/011/i0250e/i0250e00.htm

WWW fao.org/publications/sofa/en/ 50 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths BMZ l lGerman Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)

German development cooperation promotes // Sustainable multi-sector approaches self-reliance and improving livelihoods, holistic Successful rural development requires a multi- rural development, sustainable multi-sector sector master plan with rural people, their po- approaches, coordinated action to improve liv- tential and their development goals at its core. ing conditions in rural areas, and stronger ef- This master plan encompasses economic, so- fectiveness through cooperation. Current cial, ecological and institutional elements. Key initiatives include the promotion of sustainable issues: irrigation in Mali, the support of rural develop- • Secure access to land and water ment in Laos and Peru, and the support of re- • Sustainable use of biomass and agricultural form processes in Africa. production systems while safeguarding biodi- versity • Responsible fisheries management // BMZ aid to agriculture • Impacts of agriculture on climate change and rural development • Strengthening agricultural research and rural services BMZ commissions the German Technical Coop- • Strengthening agricultural commodity mar- eration (GTZ) to implement the majority of its kets and trade technical cooperation programming, while the • Reforming agriculture and rural development KfW Development Bank handles the mainstay of policies its financial cooperation portfolio. • Establishing quality standards and norms for sustainable economic activity • Expanding rural fallback systems and basic // Priorities social services • Improving rural infrastructure // Promoting self-reliance and improving • Strengthening decentralisation and local de- livelihoods velopment The goal of cooperation in rural development is • Strengthening economic cycles to support and empower people to advance the development of their region. People should be // Coordinated action to improve living able to secure their own livelihood, improve conditions in rural areas their living conditions and contribute to social Guidance and capacity building in rural areas and economic development. One thing is cer- combined with goal-oriented financial investments tain: only rural development that targets the create a development impetus. Entrepreneurial varied causes of poverty and hunger will have a commitment is mobilised when private companies lasting effect and achieve the MDGs. are involved; innovative development partnerships with business create momentum for the sustain- // Holistic rural development able improvement of rural living conditions. German development cooperation relies on com- prehensive system and process-oriented ap- // Stronger effectiveness through cooperation proaches to rural development. The different Programmes promoting rural development and aspects of rural development are made compati- improving food security only succeed when they ble and combined into an overall strategy with are embedded in a country’s national strategy the participation of public and private players. and coordinated with other donors. Therefore, global partnerships are essential to coordinate global efforts for greater food security. l BMZ Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 51

The goal of cooperation in rural development is to support and empower people. They should be able to se- cure their own liveli- hoods and improve their living conditions.

Photo by Nick Westover. © ACDI-CIDA

// BMZ and the Platform Integrated rural development of mountain regions, Laos The Platform contributes to the implementa- This programme supports Lao’s government in tion of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effective- implementing national growth and poverty re- ness. BMZ actively supported the establish- duction strategies in three regions. The goal of ment of the Platform in 2003. the programme, conducted in cooperation with KfW Development Bank and DED, is to enhance the economic and social living conditions in // Showcase poor and food insecure mountain regions. The programme is coordinated with initiatives from // Initiatives other donors, such as the University of Florida, the EU and the Swiss and French development Promotion of agricultural economy and sus- aid agencies. tainable agricultural irrigation, Mali Mali’s Ministry of Agriculture, with the support Pan-African reform processes to promote the of BMZ, is developing and implementing a na- agricultural economy in Africa tional programme for small-scale irrigation. BMZ has been supporting the New Partnership GTZ, KfW Development Bank and the German for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) since 2002, Development Service (DED) work closely to- and the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture De- gether on this programme. The approach in velopment Programme (CAADP) since 2007. To- Mali is programme-based – aid measures are gether, InWEnt and GTZ support the NEPAD/ coordinated on-site with Canadian and Dutch CAADP office coordinating African reform partners. processes in the agricultural sector.

Sustainable rural development, Peru In Peru, GTZ, KfW Entwicklungsbank, CIM, DED, and Capacity Building International (InWEnt) are coordinating their efforts to achieve sus- tainable rural development, including the pro- tection and sustainable management of natural resources. 52 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths GTZ l lGerman Technical Cooperation (GTZ)

GTZ is a federal government organisation that // GTZ and the Platform works in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. Its core compe- The Platform’s Agriculture and Rural Devel- tency is capacity development – building the opment Day at the Copenhagen climate- ability of people, organisations and societies to change summit in December 2009 added shape development on a sustainable basis. In value to GTZ’s climate initiatives. 2009, work continued on sustainable agricul- ture, fisheries and coastal zone management, as well as on agricultural research and cli- mate-change adaptation and mitigation. GTZ // Priorities also released several important publications, for example on land tenure and land grabbing. Area Programmes

// GTZ implemented aid to agri- Access to Foreign direct investment, culture and rural development land land grabbing, governance

Sustainable Multifunctional agriculture, GTZ-implemented aid to agriculture use of natural conservation agriculture and rural development resources and land 100 80 management 60 40 Sustainable Integrated coastal zone 20 use of aquatic management, support for 0 € million current prices 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 resources certification process Year

Agriculture Development of adaption GTZ-implemented aid to agriculture and and climate rural development as a proportion of total portfolio strategies, protection and change use of biodiversity 10

8 Agricultural Advisory Services on Devel- 6 research opment Oriented Rural Agri- 4 Percent cultural Research (BEAF) 2

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Forest certifi- Reducing Emissions from Year cation Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) pro- gramme l GTZ Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 53

Food security from breeding seedlings in Ethiopia.

Photo, left by: GTZ/Michael Tsegaye

A woman looks after her own cows in India, thanks to micro-credit.

Photo,right by: GTZ/Martin Egbert

// Showcase // Events In 2009, GTZ organised or took part in more // Publications than 30 events to raise awareness of the im- GTZ was involved in the publication of many portance of rural development. Especially out- contributions to international cooperation for standing were a high-level conference on Land sustainable development. Particularly notewor- Policy and Land Administration in Support of thy were its Guidelines for tackling the food cri- the MDGs in Washington, the AgriBusiness sis and competition for land PDF (in the journal Forum 2009 on Empowering the Private Sector Rural 21) and a discussion paper, Development to Boost Productivity and Growth in Africa in Policy Stance on the Topic of Land Grabbing. PDF Cape Town, and Climate Change and Agricul- ture Trade: Risks and Responses in Washing- ton. Partner for the Future. Worldwide. Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. Thought-provoking papers were delivered at the annual Eschborn Dialogue titled Developing Se- // Websites curity – Securing Development. Two significant GTZ’s Rural Development Theme covers work papers covered sustainable local land-manage- ranging from rural services and economic de- ment strategies in Mozambique and Brazil, and velopment to food security and fisheries land tenure, land conflicts and cocoa production WWW gtz.de/en/themen/863.htm in Ghana. GTZ’s Programme on Social and Ecological Standards includes results of initiatives on sus- tainable, responsible or certified production of coffee, cocoa, soy and timber WWW gtz.de/en/themen/uebergreifende-the- men/sozial-oekostandards/28456.htm 54 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths UNCCD GM l lGlobal Mechanism of UNCCD (UNCCD GM)

In 2009, 12 countries drew up their own Inte- // Achievements, success stories, grated Financing Strategy (IFS) – an approach lessons learned to investing in sustainable land management developed by the Global Mechanism (GM) of the // Integrated Financing Strategy United Nations Convention to Combat Desertifi- The IFS is the GM’s primary instrument for cation (UNCCD). The GM also developed a new helping countries establish integrated invest- methodology for accurately assessing the value ment frameworks. In addition to domestic bud- and impact of investments in sustainable land gets and international funding, the strategy management aims to mobilise a variety of resources, includ- ing water and climate-change financing mecha- nisms and innovative sources linked with land, // Global Mechanism funding: such as market access and trade. technical support Twelve countries have now developed an IFS, with four already endorsed at the ministerial level. GM technical support annual turnover

10 Portfolio reviews - Measuring the returns on 8 investment 6 The GM, in collaboration with its partners, has 4 developed a portfolio review methodology which US$ million 2 is casting new light on the value and impact of 0 investments in sustainable land management 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year (SLM) and paves the way for a more systematic monitoring and evaluation of them. The first re- view covered a portfolio of around 900 loans and grants approved by the International Fund for // GM and the Platform Agricultural Development.

The Platform has added value to three main New partnerships areas of GM’s work. First, it provided infor- The GM has formed a new partnership with the mation and facilitated joint donor support for UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the GM’s role in the process of CAADP. Second, UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Centred the Platform helped sharpen GM’s focus on on the UNDP’s Least Developed Countries and agriculture in the climate change debate. Small Island Developing States Targeted Port- Third, it provided information and partner- folio Approach for Capacity Development and ship-building to tackle food security. Mainstreaming of Sustainable Land Manage- ment, the partnership has increased the overall financing available to the 47 countries under this initiative to US$29.6 million, including US$5 million from the GM. l UNCCD GM Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 55

Breakthrough on aid for trade and agriculture // Websites At the Platform’s Annual General Assembly, the Visit the GM’s Financial Information Engine on GM facilitated an Aid for Trade (AfT) session Land Degradation (FIELD), a dynamic knowl- that brought together the trade and agriculture edge management system for searching, shar- sectors and produced a major breakthrough by ing and harnessing information related to initiating a dialogue between Platform mem- sustainable land management financing. bers and the AfT community. Already, Uganda has developed an AfT agenda for agriculture and SLM that includes a framework for financ- ing and cross-sectoral projects.

Decentralised cooperation As a result of the GM’s efforts, SLM issues are now mainstreamed into France’s decentralised cooperation scheme. The GM has also provided technical and financial support to African com- munities to enable them to apply to the Euro- pean Commission, and has helped develop a South–South partnership and financing plat- form of local communities in Africa (SolArid/FLEUVE). WWW gmfield.info/English/Field/main.htm Innovative methodologies for the valuation of land, land degradation and SLM The GM has carried out country-level studies Promoting sustainable for example, in Cambodia, Tanzania and Zambia development through land to put a price tag on the real impacts of the use management of natural resources in fragile ecosystems af- fected by land degradation.

// Showcase

// Publications In 2009, the GM published Incentive and Mar- ket-based Mechanisms to Promote Sustainable Land Management: Framework and Tool to As- sess Applicability. PDF The report identifies the 14 most promising mechanisms for sustainable land management and a methodology for ap- plicability that was piloted in Cameroon.

// Events The GM held 12 workshops on developing IFSs in 2009. These helped countries to better coor- dinate and align processes and mobilise finan- cial resources for sustainable land manage- ment in Asia Pacific, Latin America and Africa.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. 56 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths IFAD l lInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

IFAD funds rural development projects specifically fragile states, the ‘bottom billion’ countries, and aimed at assisting the poorest of the poor,includ- the countries with low scores in the World Bank’s ing small farmers, artisanal fishers, rural poor country policy and institutional assessment. women and landless workers. In 2009, its funding for these projects was 20 per cent higher than in // Systematic approach to market access 2008. In addition, IFAD now has a new corporate Access to markets was one of IFAD’s learning strategic framework, a strategy on climate change, themes in 2009. Improving market access for and new policies on issues ranging from the envi- the rural poor is essential for long-term poverty ronment and natural resource management to reduction, and while IFAD’s past performance grants and indigenous peoples. has been mixed, it is now moving in the right di- rection. It now has a more systematic and fo- cused approach to market access and value // IFAD aid to agriculture, forestry chain analysis, and there are more examples of and fisheries and fisheries innovative practice. However, the fact remains that constraints on improving market access are enormous and there are no easy solutions. IFAD aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries

800 Five priority areas have been identified for IFAD: 700 600 understand value chains better, diversify ap- 500 proaches to rural financial services, innovate 400 more widely, work on partnerships and policy 300 and share knowledge. 200 100 US$ million current prices 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year // Priorities in 2009

Area Anticipated outcomes // Achievements, success stories, lessons learned Agricultural Household food security // New corporate strategic framework production To maintain its relevance and to provide more valu- able support for the global effort, IFAD has devel- Natural Mitigation of climate change oped a new corporate strategic framework to guide resource its operations. This is underpinned by a strategy on management climate change and by new policies on the environ- ment and natural resource management, on in- Rural finan- Employment generation, digenous peoples and on middle-income countries. cial services micro-enterprise support A new policy on grants will permit IFAD to award and financial stability grants to private-sector entities. Access to Water management, com- // More focus on government performance markets munity development and vil- Government performance is emerging as a key lage and land development determinant in reducing rural poverty. It will war- rant deeper attention in the future, especially in l IFAD Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 57

// Showcase on, but that change would be attainable with the commitment of all stakeholders – govern- // Publications ments, private sector operators and the donor The IFAD adaptive approach to participatory community. mapping PDF describes how mapping processes can be used to help secure access to land and World Bank Annual Conference on Land Policy natural resources, to facilitate the management and Administration, April 2010 of these resources and to support community As an official event partner, in 2009 IFAD helped advocacy on land-related issues. Mapping is in- to set the agenda and prepare for this confer- creasingly playing a role in the empowerment ence, at which its President, Kanayo F. Nwanze, of people and communities. gave the opening address WWW . He stressed that, with sustained investment and the right policy IFAD’s response to climate change through guidelines, much can be achieved to ensure support to adaptation and related actions PDF poor rural people have access to the land, and sets out principles of engagement conducive to can profit from it. Partnership between interna- adaptation planning. It also examines activities tional organisations, governments, the private that address climate risks and variability, sup- sector, civil society and local organisations is port that can strengthen indigenous people’s the key. adaptive capacity, and the potential of IFAD grants for scaling up climate-change adapta- // Websites tion. IFAD has a strong presence on the internet. Be- sides their own website, IFAD’s activities can be The difference we make PDF describes the col- followed on Facebook, Twitter, Blogspot, lective work of IFAD management, staff and Blip.TV, YouTube, Picasa and SlideShare. membership in transforming the organisation into an effective, efficient and modern develop- Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications ment institution. WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. // Events Knowledge ShareFair, Rome, January 2009 IFAD, along with four other Rome-based agri- cultural bodies, organised the first Knowledge ShareFair to showcase, recreate and invent ways to share knowledge and improve access to it. The FAO Atrium was transformed into a colourful market place with stalls, booths, workshops and short presentation sessions.

World Summit on Food Security, Rome, November 2009 In his address to the summit, IFAD president PDF ifad.org/pub/brochure/corporate/e.pdf Kanayo F. Nwanze called on international donors to ensure that the resources promised at L’Aquila would be forthcoming and to enter into a sustained and strong partnership with the developing world.

Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS): Policy address on smallholder farms as agribusinesses, April 2010 The President of IFAD, Kanayo F. Nwanze, has been calling for small farmers to be seen as entrepreneurs ever since he took up his role in April 2009. Such a view would require a change of thinking, he said in his CSIS address WWW a year 58 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths Irish Aid l lIrish Aid – Department of Foreign Affairs

For Irish Aid, 2009 was a year of progress in // Irish Aid and the Platform global governance on agriculture and food se- curity. The year also saw a consolidation of con- Irish Aid’s discussions with Platform mem- sensus over the approach required for bers have provided information and momen- agriculture, especially the need to develop tum concerning cooperation with CAADP. In value chains, invest in infrastructure and sup- addition, discussions provided useful policy port the private sector. analysis in the lead-up to the Copenhagen summit and beyond. During 2009, Irish Aid continued to support the CGIAR centres, CAADP and the Global Forum on Agricultural Research. Smallholder agricul- tural production, an Irish Aid priority, was // Achievements, success stories, boosted by work in Mozambique and Tanzania. lessons learned Improved household food security was pro- moted in Malawi. The CGIAR adopted a new business model after two years of consultations within and beyond // Irish Aid support for agriculture the partnership. Reforms have also taken place and rural development in CAADP, in the L’Aquila Initiative and in coop- eration between the Rome-based agencies and the Committee on World Food Security. Irish Aid support for agriculture and rural development The High Level Task Force has demonstrated its ongoing relevance in assessing the UN respon- Multilateral Bilateral se to the food crisis at country level and in en- 60 40 gaging civil society in the Comprehensive 20 Framework for Action. 0 € million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Consensus also developed on the approach re- quired for agriculture, with respect to working on value chain development, infrastructure in- vestment and enabling the private sector. How- Irish aid to agriculture and rural development as a proportion of total aid ever, one must not lose sight of the MDGs and 10 the role of agriculture in poverty and hunger al-

8 leviation in the short-to-medium term. In this

6 regard, the evidence base for best practice in

4 agricultural responses to under-nutrition Percent 2 should be strengthened.

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year l Irish Aid Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 59

// Showcase // Initiatives In January, Ireland’s Minister of State for Over- // Events seas Development launched Irish Aid’s re- World Food Day in Dublin focused on pro-poor sponse to Ireland’s Hunger Task Force Report. agricultural research in collaboration with The report endorsed Irish Aid’s focus on small- CGIAR centres. It helped raise awareness of the holder productivity, together with maternal and CGIAR’s work nationally and forged closer ties infant under-nutrition. Irish Aid committed it- between the CGIAR and Ireland’s own research self to targeting 20 per cent of development aid community. to hunger-related programmes by 2012.

Irish Aid co-funded the CAADP Donors’ and Irish Aid’s new country strategy in Malawi was Partners’ Meeting in Addis Ababa in September. fully aligned with the Hunger Task Force’s re- The meeting was able to reach consensus on an commendations and a Special Envoy for Hunger approach to supporting country processes. was appointed. The envoy began a review of Irish Aid’s programme and visited Ethiopia, Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications Malawi and Lesotho. WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org.

// Priorities

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated disbursed outcomes

Smallholder SWAps in Mozambique and €1.5 million Improved extension and agricultural Tanzania and €4 million research into use; production improved production

Malawi programme (seed Approx. €5 million Improved household food sector; CGIAR projects and security conservation agriculture with CSOs)

Support to IFAD, including €2 million Ongoing reform of IFAD sup- Board membership ported; improved effective- ness of IFAD programmes

Pro-poor Support for eight CGIAR €5 million in core Continued reform agricultural centres funding momentum research €3 million in projects Pro-poor innovations made available

Contribution to GFAR con- €150,000 A demand-driven Global sultations Conference on Agricultural Research for Development (GCARD) in 2010

Global Support for CAADP €1.5 million Accelerated momentum of governance processes (Multi-Donor national-level Compacts Trust Fund) and international support 60 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths KFW l lKfW Entwicklungsbank (German Development Bank)

KfW Entwicklungsbank mainly invests in agri- // KfW Entwicklungsbank and the Platform culture, forestry and fisheries on behalf of Ger- many’s Federal Ministry for Economic In 2009, KfW Entwicklungsbank and other Cooperation and Development (BMZ). Platform members discussed food security, agriculture and climate change and the im- Investment increased in 2009 compared with portance and possible impacts of bilateral 2008, a major beneficiary being sub-Saharan cooperation with CAADP. Africa where the bank successfully negotiated contracts to support irrigation in Mali and to link smallholder farmers to the private sector // Achievements, success stories, in Kenya. Another highlight, this time from lessons learned Latin America, was the study that KfW con- ducted on the outcomes of 30 years of German // Sub-Saharan Africa cooperation in irrigation in Bolivia. In 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa, KfW Entwicklungs- bank successfully negotiated contracts to support // KfW Entwicklungsbank invest- irrigation in Mali and to link smallholder farmers ment in agriculture, forestry to the private sector in Kenya. The sub-Saharan and fisheries Africa department is especially interested in sup- porting rural development by investing in sustain- able production and market access. Irrigation and KfW Entwicklungsbank investment in agriculture, water supply for agriculture, and ensuring these forestry and fisheries are adapted to changing environmental condi- 200 tions, also remain a focus. 150 100 // Latin America 50 0 In Latin America in 2009, KfW Entwicklungs- 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 £ million current prices bank focused on the link between agriculture Year and adaptation to climate change such as wa- tershed management, adaptation to changing rainfall patterns, and production security. The KfW Entwicklungsbank investment in agriculture, forestry, fisheries as a proportion of total ODA regional focus is on South America with Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru and Central America 10 with Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. In 8 2009 KfW, together with GTZ and the Berlin 6 Seminar of Rural Development, conducted a Percent 4 study of the outcomes of 30 years of German 2 cooperation in irrigation in Bolivia. 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year // Asia and Eastern Europe In Asia and in Eastern Europe KfW Entwick- lungsbank’s focus was on the link between en- vironmental protection and agriculture. The Asia department has been successful in its co- operation, for example in China in the fight against desertification, wind strips. l KFW Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 61

// Priorities

Programmes Amount disbursed Anticipated outcomes

Small scale irrigation, rehabilitation of €55 million Higher incomes for small- dams and irrigation systems, modernisa- holder farmers, food secu- tion of production systems, erosion con- rity trol

Reforestation and integrated forest €15 million Slowing of desertification, management, agroforestry safeguarding of biodiversity, prevention of soil erosion, food security

Support to small and medium enter- €7 million Higher incomes for small- prises, contract farming holder farmers, rural deve- lopment

// Showcase KfW Entwicklungsbank partner countries (shown in orange) // Publications In 2009, KfW Entwicklungsbank published Common Responsibility for Climate and Devel- opment PDF , a position paper on food security and adaptation to climate change. It also pub- lished More Water, Less Poverty PDF , a study of 30 years of German cooperation on irrigation in Bolivia. In addition, the bank’s annual report 2008, Water – fundamental for development PDF , raised partners’ awareness of the importance of water in the context of food security.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org.

// Websites WWW KfW Entwicklungsbank Countries, Programmes and Projects 62 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths MFA Denmark l lMinistry of Foreign Affairs – Denmark

MFA Denmark’s priorities in 2009 were primarily // Denmark and the Platform related to finalising the Danish Africa Commis- sion’s report Realising the Potential of Africa’s The added value of the Platform cuts across Youth PDF , which emphasised private sector-led Denmark’s work, especially in relation to im- growth and employment creation as a strategy plementing the aid effectiveness agenda in for economic development and poverty eradica- agriculture and promoting the link between tion. Agriculture is seen in this context as part of climate change and agriculture with the the private sector. The report resulted in five Copenhagen summit and the CAADP concrete international initiatives that are now process. being established. In addition, a sector pro- gramme in Uganda for private-sector develop- ment in agriculture was approved in 2009. // Showcase

// MFA Denmark aid to agriculture, // Publications forestry and fisheries Realising the Potential of Africa’s Youth PDF was published by the Africa Commission in May MFA Denmark aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheries 2009. It has resulted in five international initia-

Multilateral Bilateral tives, including support for the Forum for Agri- cultural Research in Africa (FARA) and the 200 Universities, Business and Research in Agricul- 150 100 tural Innovation (UniBRAIN) project.

US$ million 50 0 // Events 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year In 2009, the Danida Development Days, which took place in Copenhagen in June, focused on the initiatives and recommendations of the Africa Commission.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications MFA Denmark aid to agriculture, forestry, WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and fisheries as a proportion of total aid rural development available at donorplatform.org. 10 8 // Websites 6 WWW Africa Commission 4 WWW Danida DevForum Percent 2 WWW Ministry of Foreign Affairs 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 WWW Danida Year l MFA Denmark Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 63

// Priorities

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomes disbursed

Agribusiness Uganda Growth US$80 million The Agribusiness Initiative will directly im- and infra- (2010–2013) pact over 100,000 farm families and 300 structure firms or farmer organisations, support 35,000 new loans provided by banks, and improve the incomes of more than 2,000 women farmers or entrepreneurs. The inter- vention will create over 475,000 new jobs and increase the income of over 130,000 farmers. This does not include employment impacts from public sector interventions. A total of 3,000 km of district roads, of which 500 km can be directly ascribed to Denmark’s contri- bution, will be rehabilitated. The Ministry of Agriculture will be helped to implement its reform plans and to obtain support for a major joint programme.

University, Africa Commis- US$5.5 million The purpose of FARA’s Universities, Business Research, sion; Forum for and Research in Agricultural Innovation Agro-Busi- Agricultural Re- (UniBRAIN) is to foster agricultural innova- ness initiative search in Africa tion that will create employment for young (FARA) (2010– people through private sector-led growth and 2011) improved competitiveness of African eco- nomies. It will be achieved through three in- terrelated and interdependent activities, each corresponding to an objective of the initiative:

• developing agricultural business innova- tions • producing agribusiness entrepreneurs and innovators • up-scaling innovation capacity and practices.

PDF

PDF um.dk/NR/rdonlyres/3B1B9EC7-98C9- WWW africacommission.um.dk/en 4EB1-84F0-1132B5DCFBBF/0/Reportofthe- AfricaCommission2ndedition.pdf 64 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths MFA Finland l lMinistry of Foreign Affairs – Finland

Finland’s aid to agriculture and rural develop- // Achievements, success stories, ment is increasing. Two new bilateral projects lessons learned in the sector are planned and the second phases of ongoing projects are being imple- The evaluation of agriculture sector cooperation mented. In addition, aid to multilateral organi- and several mid-term reviews of bilateral projects sations is increasing. provided valuable information for planning new interventions in the sector.

// MFA Finland aid to agriculture and rural development // Showcase

// Publications MFA Finland aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheries Development policy guidelines have been pub-

Amount to multilaterals Bilateral (2009 n/a) lished for the forest sector PDF , the water sec- PDF 100 tor and the environment. Also published in 80 2009 was Sustainable Rural Development with 60 Emphasis on Agriculture and Food Security 40 within the Climate Change Setting PDF , which 20 0 reports the results of research funded by MFA € million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Finland. Year

Policy guidelines for agriculture and food secu- rity are being revised.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications MFA Finland aid to agriculture, forestry, WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and fisheries as a proportion of total ODA rural development available at donorplatform.org.

20

15

10 Percent 5

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 n/a Year

// MFA Finland and the Platform

The Platform has provided useful publica- tions and guidelines in agricultural and rural development and food security. Finland had also benefited from good, timely expert re- ports and analysis from international meet- ings on food security and climate change. l MFA Finland Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 65

// Priorities

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomes disbursed

Agriculture and PROAGRI in €4 million Less poverty, more food security rural develop- Mozambique ment PRORURAL Nicaragua €2.33 million

Food security Bilateral programmes Total 2009: More food security and better in- in Zambia, Mozam- €9.35 million comes in the agriculture sector bique and Nicaragua

PDF formin.finland.fi/public/download.aspx? PDF formin.finland.fi/public/download. ID=47185&GUID={2383732B-C941-438F- aspx?ID=47188&GUID={1681FEDF- 8891-1B7E31745F55} 89F8-40BE-BB36-F3CFAB1B1CFB}

PDF formin.finland.fi/public/download. PDF mm.helsinki.fi/mmtal/abs/DP40.pdf aspx?ID=49494&GUID={0642A6F1-77EC- 4C02-A004-353DEAA53ED1} 66 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths AFD l lMinistry of Foreign Affairs – France/French Development Agency (AFD)

AFD, along with several other donors, was a // AFD and the Platform major proponent of reform of the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) in 2009. The suc- The Platform has helped spread the idea that cessful outcome of the reform process means reinvestment in agriculture is essential in that we are now ready to initiate the Global the fight against rural poverty. After a period Partnership for Agriculture and Food Security when donors were reluctant to invest in pub- (GPAFS) and new governance at the global lic infrastructure in the water sector, they level. now recognise that a mix of public invest- ment, private initiative and measures for Another major development was the interna- capital conservation is the key to sustainable tional conference for financing West African growth in agriculture. agricultural policy as part of the CAADP frame- work. The conference concluded a process of The Platform stimulated productive ex- pulling together regional investment plans and changes among donors about their experi- economic measures that France supported ences in supporting national and regional financially. processes, such as CAADP. As France is more involved in Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and Southern // AFD aid to agriculture and rural African Development Community (SADC) development countries, discussions about harmonisation and the advantages and disadvantages of comparative approaches were useful. MFA France aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries

Through multilaterals Bilateral

500 400 // Achievements, success stories, 300 lessons learned 200 100 0 AFD’s efforts to promote renewed support for € million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year agriculture and rural development at different levels have been rewarded by two major events:

• The reform of the Committee on World Food Security is a result of efforts by several donors, including France as a major sup- MFA France aid to agriculture as a proportion porter of the process. It can be seen as the of total ODA starting point for the implementation of the 10 Global Partnership for Agriculture and Food 8 Security and new governance at the global 6 level. 4 Percent 2

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year l AFD Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 67

// Priorities

Areas Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomes disbursed

Irrigation and Irrigation schemes in €67 million Increased production of staple water manage- Morocco and Vietnam, foods ment water supply for pas- toralists in Chad

Microfinance Comoros, Burkina €8 million Better access for poor rural house- Faso, Dominican Re- holds to microcredit public

Prevention and Support for veterinary €2.5 million Increased social benefit of main- control of ani- laboratories in African taining sanitary safety as a public mal diseases countries and for re- good search (avian flu)

Agricultural Contribution to CAADP €1.5 million Strengthened regional integration policy in Afri- Multi-Donor Trust and empowerment of African can countries Fund and support for countries in implementing their ECOWAS agricultural own agricultural policies policy

• The international conference on financing Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications West African agricultural policy as part of the WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and CAADP framework concludes a process of rural development available at donorplatform.org. pulling together regional investment plans and economic measures that France sup- // Initiatives ported financially. ECOWAS is an example of France and the African Development Bank leadership in the CAADP process. signed an agreement in April 2009 to create a new investment fund for African agriculture. The fund targets private companies and coop- // Showcase eratives that implement strategies to increase and diversify agricultural production in Africa WWW . // Publications The likely size of the fund is €500 million. A report giving the official position of French Cooperation stakeholders on land issues in the Following the reform of the Committee on South PDF was published in June 2009. World Food Security, a new high-level panel of experts has been formed to summarise scien- Shaping sustainable tific knowledge and assist political decision- futures makers. AFD has issued a policy brief PDF on the subject.

// Websites Working group on land issues: WWW foncier-developpement.org New pages from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after recent changes in global governance on food security: WWW diplomatie.gouv.fr 68 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths MFA Italy l lMinistry of Foreign Affairs – Italy

A reaffirmed political commitment to global // MFA Italy and the Platform food security and nutrition kept agriculture and food security as key priorities for Italy in 2009. The global food security challenge, as high- Italy focuses on participatory approaches for lighted by the Platform, has been stream- identifying and implementing integrated rural lined into Italian development policy and development programmes, but it also supports strategy. Guidelines for cooperation in agri- the CAADP process and is fully committed to its culture and food security, currently being de- agenda. Italy has helped set up the Global Part- veloped, have benefited from Platform nership for Agriculture and Food Security publications. (GPAFS) and promoted the revitalisation of the Global Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR). The Platform’s work has enhanced collabo- ration between the Overseas Agronomic In- stitute, the scientific branch of MFA Italy, and // Italy’s aid to agriculture and rural other partners. A better understanding of development CAADP resulting from discussions with other Platform partners has prompted the revision MFA Italy aid to agriculture, forestry , fisheries of Italian CAADP programmes. The Italian Aid Effectiveness Action Plan has also been Through multilaterals Bilateral inspired by the Platform’s work. 200 150 100 50 // Achievements, success stories, 0 lessons learned

€ million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year // Participation and harmonisation Italy’s endorsement of the Joint Statement through the L’Aquila Food Security Initiative reaffirmed its political commitment to global food security, agriculture and nutrition. Italy MFA Italy aid to agriculture as a proportion of total ODA uses a participatory approach in its work on in- tegrated rural development, empowering 20 women in agriculture, environmental protection 15 and tackling water scarcity. It also supports the 10

Percent CAADP process in Africa financially, and is har- 5 monising interventions in line with the CAADP 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 framework. Year // Agriculture and food security Italy has helped set up the Global Partnership for Agriculture and Food Security to ensure continued high-level attention at the global level to food security policy. At the country level, Italy works to facilitate effective policies and plans for agricultural development, food secu- rity and nutrition. Italy has also supported the l MFA Italy Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 69

// Priorities

Programmes Amount Anticipated outcomes disbursed

Food security Commercialisation and in- €20 million Strengthened capacity of come-generating activities farmers to identify their needs throughout the entire value for investment in agriculture chain, transformation of agri- culture into a modern, diversi- fied and competitive commercial sector, and control of transboundary animal and plant diseases

Water and na- Coping with water scarcity and €6.5 million Regional approaches facilitat- tural resources improving capacity of partners’ ing dialogue between coun- management ministries tries on cross-border issues

Normative Policy-support interventions at €2 million Enhanced results-based ap- activities both country and regional level proach to monitoring and evaluation

Agricultural Support to the CGIAR, GFAR €5.3 million Better coordination of agricul- research and Forum for Agricultural tural research Research in Africa (FARA)

work of the High Level Task Force on the Global Guidelines and Directions PDF place agriculture Food Security Crisis and considers FAO reform and food security at the top of the list of priori- to be of utmost importance. ties for Italian cooperation.

// Agricultural research reform // Events The reform of the CGIAR has been actively pur- Meetings of the G8 Experts Group on Global sued by Italy because it believes it is vital that Food Security were arranged before and after their projects increase productivity to achieve the L’Aquila Summit. They aimed to develop a sustainable food security and reduce poverty. common vision and roadmap for tackling food Italy has also promoted the revitalisation of the security and nutrition. Global Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR) to ensure effective stakeholder participation A Farmers’ Union meeting on the challenge of and strengthen ownership of national and re- the food crisis and food security, in collabora- gional research systems. tion with the Ministry of Agriculture, ensured national and international policy coherence.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications // Showcase WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. // Publications A response to the global food prices crisis was // Websites published in the Italian Cooperation Bulletin Italian cooperation on development: (DIPCO), while the 2009–2011 Programming WWW cooperazioneallosviluppo.esteri.it 70 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths MFA Spain l lMinistry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation – Spain

The High Level Meeting on Food Security for All // MFA Italy and the PlatformMFA&C Spain was held in Madrid in January 2009. Convened and the Platform by the Government of Spain and the United Na- tions, the meeting brought together a broad Spain is committed to the Paris Declaration range of stakeholders from more than 126 and the Accra Agenda for Action. The Plat- countries, including representatives from Mem- form provides a very useful forum for discus- ber States, civil society, trade unions, the pri- sion, for sharing experiences and lessons vate sector, academia, donor agencies and learned, and for aligning work, and thus con- multilateral organisations. tributes to increased aid effectiveness.

// IMFA&C Spain aid to agriculture and rural development // Showcase

// Initiatives MFA&C Spain aid The High Level Meeting on Food Security for All Bilateral Multilateral was convened by the Government of Spain and 400 the United Nations, 26-27 January 2009. At the 300 meeting, the UN Secretary General made the 200 Right to Food the third track for achieving food 100 0 security. € million current prices 2007 2008 Year l MFA Spain Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 71

The 2009–2012 Africa Plan, published by Spain’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, sets out the efforts planned for Africa. This in- cludes work in the rural development and combating hunger sector of intervention, which aims “To help to make effective the human right to food and improve the living conditions and food security of rural and urban populations”.

PDF maec.es/es/Home/Documents/PLANAFRICA09 _12EN.pdf

Spain’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation featured the 2009 Madrid High Level Meeting on Food Security for All in its quarterly magazine.

PDF maec.es/es/MenuPpal/Actualidad/RevistaMira- dasalexterior/Documents/MIRADAS_9EN.pdf 72 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths MFA Netherlands l lMinistry of Foreign Affairs – The Netherlands

During 2009, The Netherlands Ministry of For- // MFA Netherlands and the Platform eign Affairs increased its aid to agriculture and rural development compared with 2008, one of Excellent work is being done with CAADP to the main aims being to build public–private part- harmonise donor support and understanding nerships. The Netherlands is also investing €20 of its programme and to maintain close con- million a year in productive safety nets to reduce tact with NEPAD and the African Union Com- dependency on food aid, offer better protection mission. Platform position papers are useful for the productive assets of the chronically poor in helping to determine The Netherlands’ po- and improve rural infrastructure. sition, while events such as Land Day and the Platform’s Annual General Assembly offer opportunities to discuss issues with a wide // Netherlands aid to agriculture range of donors. and rural development

// Achievements, success stories, MFA Netherlands commitments lessons learned to agriculture, fisheries Through multilaterals Bilateral // Public–private partnerships 500 400 One of the main thrusts of The Netherlands’ de- 300 velopment cooperation policy is building public– 200 private partnerships. Some examples are the 100 introduction of innovative cassava processing 0 € million current prices 2006 2007 2008 technology in Nigeria and Ghana, switching Year from coca and poppy production in Colombia to coffee and bananas, and setting up small en- ergy companies in sub-Saharan Africa to pro- mote rural electrification.

MFA Netherlands aid to agriculture, fisheriesas a proportion of total ODA // Initiative for Sustainable Trade

10 The Netherlands has extended the Initiative for

8 Sustainable Trade (IDH) from 2013 to 2015 and

6 committed an extra €20 million for 2011. The

4 programme covers six sectors – cacao, tea, nat- Percent 2 ural stone, soy, tourism and tropical timber –

0 and is actively exploring new sectors. 2006 2007 2008 Year // Improving regional trade in agricultural inputs (MIR+) Achieving agricultural and New laws and regulations have been adopted to rural development through regulate trade in seeds, fertiliser and pesticides private sector development under the International Center for Soil Fertility and Agricultural Development-Marketing Inputs Regionally (IFDC-MIR) Project in West Africa. The project helps to promote efficient, transparent and competitive markets. l MFA Netherlands Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 73

// Priorities

Area Programmes* Amount Anticipated outcomes disbursed

Research and ICARDA (International €6 million Poverty reduction and produc- innovation Center for Agricultural (2009–2011) tivity improvement in arid zones Research in the Dry Areas)

Public service Farmers Fighting €18 million Strengthened farmers’ organisa- provision and Poverty (2007–2010) tions and 2.5 million farmers institutions reached

CAADP €5 million (2008–2012) Capacity-building and institu- through World Bank tional support to help African Multi-Donor Trust Fund partners increase agricultural productivity

Sustainable Initiative for Sustain- €4.8 million in 2009 Enhanced public–private value-chain able Trade (Total budget 2009– cooperation development 2013 of €33 million. Extra €20 million committed for 2011)

Improving Second phase of MIR+ €10 million Improved access to inputs market access (Marketing Inputs Re- (2009–2013) through developing agri-input gionally) programme markets in West Africa

Food security Productive safety nets €20 million (annually) Less food aid dependency, and transfer (e.g. in Ethiopia and better protection of productive mechanisms Rwanda) assets of the chronically poor, better rural infrastructure *Only larger programmes are listed here.

// Agricultural value-chain development // Showcase (Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Development in Africa) // Publications The MFA published a policy memorandum on The incomes of small-scale farmers and entre- Social Protection, Rural Economic Development preneurs in West Africa have increased by 30% and Food Security. on average under this five-year programme to make market chains work. The programme will // Events end in 2010. MFA Netherlands launched the Amsterdam Initiative against Malnutrition to improve the // Farmers Fighting Poverty nutrition of 100 million poorer people by 2015. A major lesson from the Farmers Fighting Poverty programme is that it is crucial to equip The Netherlands partnership on land gover- farmers’ organisations to debate policy on com- nance was launched with a two-day interna- pacts and investment plans with their govern- tional seminar on land grabbing, at which a ments. The approach involves eight agri- joint five-year action plan was approved. agencies, 145 farmers’ organisations, 296 projects and 2.5 million farmers. Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. 74 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths OECD l lOrganisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Africa Partnership Forum Support Unit

OECD is not a donor organisation and does not // Achievements, success stories, fund development projects and programmes. lessons learned However, the Africa Partnership Forum Support Unit is one of several OECD units and direc- In 2009, the Africa Partnership Forum contin- torates dedicated to agriculture and rural devel- ued to be the voice of Africa in development opment. policy forums and to promote more effective policies and strategies for African development The support unit prepares policy papers and ad- and poverty reduction. Highlights: vice and arranges meetings for the Africa Part- nership Forum (APF) – a high-level forum for • The Climate Change Special Session of the dialogue between Africa and development part- APF was held in Addis Ababa, September ner countries established following the G8 Sum- 2009. Policy statements highlighted African mit in Evian in 2003. concerns and priorities and fed into the Copenhagen climate change summit in De- cember. // Africa Partnership Forum Support Unit and the Platform • Technical and policy papers were prepared for the APF in June. Joint statements from The Platform database and papers on cli- African and development partner country mate change, food security and agricultural members of the APF, which highlighted development in Africa have been useful when African development priorities and concerns, drafting policy papers. The Platform provides were sent to the G20 Summit Chairs in Lon- a forum and informal network for exchange don and Pittsburgh. of information among donor institutions and specialists on topics of concern to African • The publication A Mutual Review of Develop- development and, importantly, for enhancing ment Effectiveness PDF was distributed widely policy coherence. in Africa and among development partners. This report highlighted African and develop- ment partner commitments and performance in 15 areas and sectors, including agriculture under sustainable economic growth. A similar review for 2010 was requested by African states and finance ministers.

To win development community recognition of the importance of agriculture and rural devel- opment, there is a need to demonstrate the rel- evance of agriculture to: • High and fluctuating food prices • The global financial and economic crisis • Climate change - especially with regard to mitigation and adaptation • Promoting innovation • Fostering coherence of development policy. l OECD Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 75

Priorities for agricultural development: // Showcase • Higher levels of public investment, especially in irrigation, fertiliser use, rural infrastruc- // Publications ture and services – all critical to tackling The Mutual Review of Development Effective- supply-side constraints ness in Africa 2009 PDF is intended to be of • Improved policy reform practical use to political leaders in dealing with • More action to promote private sector involve- the key policy challenges ahead. It includes a ment and create incentives for agribusiness chapter on agriculture. to undertake investment • Increased investment in science and technol- // Events ogy At the APF’s forum in Rome in June 2009 and at • Continued efforts to promote the expansion of its Climate Change Special Session in Addis intra-regional trade and market integration. Ababa in September 2009, reports were pre- sented on climate change, drug trafficking and piracy and the impact of the financial and eco- For a stronger, cleaner, nomic crisis on Africa. fairer world economy Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and It is also necessary to demonstrate that African rural development available at donorplatform.org. agriculture is the key to achieving food security, but that it can only do this through higher pro- // Initiatives ductivity and investment. Key emerging issues The APF Technical Advisor is a member of the include climate change, bio-energy and food Scientific Committee for the International Sym- prices. posium on Innovation and Sustainable Develop- ment in Agriculture and Food to be held in Priority actions for development partners are: Montpellier, 28–30 June 2010 WWW isda2010.net. • Intensified efforts on market access and re- African priorities, concerns and policy issues ducing subsidies have clearly emerged as topics for debate at • Urgent action on climate change and in- this conference. creased support for adaptation • More support for research and development in African agriculture • Enhanced food assistance to counter the im- pact of higher global food prices • More attention and more funding to the agri- cultural sector and related priorities, such as rural infrastructure.

PDF oecd.org/dataoecd/62/43/42179846.pdf 76 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths OECD l lOrganisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Sahel and West Africa Club

OECD is not a donor organisation and does not // Showcase fund development projects and programmes, but the Sahel and West Africa Club (SWAC) is one of // Publications several OECD units and directorates dedicated to Livestock and regional market in the Sahel and agriculture and rural development. West Africa: Potentials and challenges PDF con- tains key messages and recommendations for The SWAC, together with governments, regional the development of the livestock industry in institutions and civil society organisations, sup- West Africa. ports the development and implementation of regional strategies and policies. Enhanced management of other shared natural resources (French) PDF is a contribution to the Regional Investment Programme for Agricul- // Achievements, success stories, ture (PRIA) and the Regional Partnership Com- lessons learned pact for the Implementation of ECOWAP/CAADP. The experience of SWAC demonstrates the im- portance of building inclusive policy measures Food security and nutrition in the Sahel and and responses to maximise impact and effec- West Africa PDF (RPCA Policy Note) and the tiveness. monthly Food Security Information Note (CILSS/SWAC) both monitor and analyse food In 2009, the Guiding Principles for the Develop- and nutrition in West Africa. ment of the Livestock Industry PDF were ap- proved by ministers of the Economic Com- // Events munity of West African States (ECOWAS) follow- The Regional Livestock Forum, Niamey, Niger, ing a consultation involving local actors and February 2009 led to the adoption of the Guiding livestock professionals at all levels. This pro- Principles for the Development of the Livestock cess laid the foundations for translating the Industry by ECOWAS Ministers. guidelines into a regional action plan in 2010. The 25th annual meeting of the WWW Food Crisis The negotiations leading to the Food Aid Char- Prevention Network (RPCA) in Bamako, Mali in ter built consensus among key stakeholders, in December 2009 focused on markets, local-prod- advance of the final version that would be pro- uct processing and food security. The final com- duced in 2010. muniqué provides an assessment of the 2008/09 season and information on future prospects. For a stronger, cleaner, fairer world economy The SWAC forum on WWW Pressures on West African land: reconciling development and in- vestment policies, also held in Bamako, Mali in December 2009, brought together some 200 participants with a wide diversity of views.

Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. l OECD Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 77

// Priorities

Area Programmes Anticipated outcomes

Agricultural Development of the livestock Adoption of guiding principles for the deve- policy industry lopment of the livestock industry

Regional Investment Pro- Support for ECOWAS in setting priorities for gramme for Agriculture (PRIA) the implementation of its regional agricultu- ral policy (ECOWAP/CAADP)

Food Food Crisis Prevention Net- Provision of consensual recommendations security work (RPCA) to policymakers in order to manage the food crisis in the Sahel and West Africa

Revised Charter for Food Crisis The Revised Charter goes beyond the origi- Prevention and Management in nal text, having evolved from coordinated West Africa food aid management to a food crisis pre- vention and management tool. It underlines the roles and responsibilities of regional or- ganisations and expands its geographic co- verage from the Sahel to all of West Africa

// Websites WWW Commit4Africa, part-sponsored by OECD, is a compendium of development commitments in Africa, searchable by theme, organisation and country. It includes all G8, NEPAD and African Union commitments to agricultural develop- ment in Africa. This site is a valuable resource for Platform members.

// Initiatives A joint initiative was undertaken by SWAC/OECD, CILSS (Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel), ECOWAS and UEMOA (The West African Eco- nomic and Monetary Union) to revise the food aid charter adopted in 1990. The initiative in- volved civil society and development partners. WWW commit4africa.org 78 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths Sida l lSwedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)

Sida’s spending on agriculture, forestry and fish- Area Programmes eries amounts to around half of Sweden’s total offi- cial development assistance. The country’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs funds the remainder,and a pro- Agricultural Fondeagro, Nicaragua portion is provided as core support to UN and production East Africa Grain Council World Bank bodies. Experience during 2009 shows and market- (EAGC), Malonda, the need to be flexible about applying a sector- ing Niassa Province, Mozambique based approach in the agriculture sector. Sector bud- ProAgri, Mozambique get support PRORURAL, Nicaragua // Sida aid to agriculture and rural development Land tenure Sida-Amhara Rural Develop- ment Programme (SARDP), Ethiopia Sida aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries ITC, Mozambique Through multilaterals Bilaterals 120 100 Agricultural National Agriculture and 80 extension Livestock Extension 60 Programme (NALEP), Kenya 40 € million 20 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year // Achievements, success stories, lessons learned

Sida aid to agriculture, forestry and fisheries as a proportion of total ODA An important lesson learned in 2009 is the 10 need to be more flexible when applying a sec-

8 tor-based approach to development coopera-

6 tion in the agriculture sector. An example is

4 not working solely with the public sector, but Percent 2 also including the private sector.

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year

// Sida and the Platform

The Platform added value by facilitating donor coordination and providing information on the CAADP. The Platform also carried out ad- vocacy and synthesised knowledge on the importance of agriculture for climate-change mitigation. In addition, it provided an overview of and contact with the international pro- cesses concerned with land issues. l Sida Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 79

// Showcase // Events Sida organised two seminars: one on natural re- // Publications source tenure and bioenergy and the other on Sida Studies no. 23 PDF , Natural Resource modalities for development cooperation support Tenure – a critical aspect of poverty reduction for agriculture. It also convened a conference and human rights, is a broad study covering called One World, One Health. urban as well as agricultural land. It shows how strongly development priorities, such as pro- Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications poor growth and the fulfilment of human rights, WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and apply to natural resource tenure. rural development available at donorplatform.org.

Biofuels – Potentials and Challenges for Devel- // Websites oping Countries PDF is a policy brief on bio- WWW Swedish International Agriculture Network energy. (SIANI ) is a platform guiding the Swedish or- ganisations that work in development coopera- Sida Studies no. 14PDF , Wealth of the Poor: tion related to sustainable agriculture and Eliminating Poverty through Market and Private global food security. Sector Development is a Sida background docu- ment on pro-poor growth. // Initiatives Evaluation Study on Gender in Agriculture

WWW siani.se/ PDF sida.se/Global/Development%20and%20cooperation/ Economic%20opportunities/SidaStudies23_SIDA51603en _web.pdf

WWW sida.se/English/About-us/How-we-oper- ate/Important-Areas-of-Development/Eco- PDF swedbio.com/dokument/factsheet-biofuel-en.pdf nomic-Opportunities/natural-resources/ 80 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths SDC l lSwiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)

The SDC is Switzerland’s international coopera- // SDC and the Platform tion agency within the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA). It engages in direct op- In policy and agricultural research, the Plat- erations, supports the programmes of multilateral form provides a forum for the exchange of organisations and helps finance programmes ideas and experiences, resulting in mutual run by Swiss and international relief organisa- learning, better coordination and the devel- tions. opment of common views, positions and pri- orities. This increased complementarity between donors helps them make better use // SDC aid to agriculture and rural of their resources. development

SDC aid to agriculture, forestry, fisheries

120 // Showcase 100 80 // Publications 60 Asia Briefs inform development practitioners and 40 20 the public about the impacts of Swiss development 0

€ million current prices cooperation in Asia. Preserving the Green Gold of 2008 2009 PDF Year Mongolia summarises work on rehabilitating Mongolia’s pastures and empowering the herders who depend on them. Under biological control – Enhancing maize production in DPR Korea PDF summarises integrated pest management and ca- pacity development of maize farmers.

SDC aid to agriculture, and rural development SDC’s contribution towards biodiversity: Impact in as a proportion of SDC total budget the Andean region PDF is an external evaluation of SDC’s work in this region.

20 15 Metal silos and food security PDF gives an account 10 of lessons learned from a successful Central 5 American post-harvest programme (in Spanish 0 € million current prices 2008 2009 and English). Year // Events The SDC Land Day, which included contribu- tions from the International Institute for Sus- tainable Development, the International Land Coalition and private sector representatives, aimed to share information and build aware- ness among the Swiss people. l SDC Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 81

SDC also contributed to the Platform Land Day // Initiatives to promote a common understanding of the An SDC-wide network on agriculture and rural de- topic and develop ideas towards shared or com- velopment is being developed to reach partners, plementary positions. other institutions and centres of competence. The aim is to increase institutional knowledge and Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications competence in agriculture and rural development. WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and This should result in more relevant and efficient rural development available at donorplatform.org. programmes and more meaningful policy dialogue in the sector. // Websites WWW SDC Agriculture and Rural Development: Together with other Platform members, SDC con- SDC’s network covering major ARD themes as tributed to the launch of the Platform Land Work- well as two in-depth themes: land governance ing Group. The group aims to share knowledge and and rural advisory services. develop common understanding, priorities and po- sitions. WWW Postcosecha: the post-harvest approach using metal silos funded by SDC.

// Priorities

Area Number of Amount Anticipated programmes disbursed outcomes

Agricultural 29 €26 million Agricultural research better oriented towards research the interests of smallholders

Production 32 €21 million Enhanced production by smallholders

Market 22 €21 million Better market access for smallholders and re- mote rural areas; higher incomes; enhanced food security

Sustainable 16 €11 million Improved management of natural resources management (soil, water, vegetation, biodiversity) in relation of natural to agriculture and rural development resources

Agricultural 14 €11 million Coherent, poverty-relevant policies in agri- policy culture and rural development

WWW sdc-ruraldevelopment.ch/ WWW postcosecha.net/ 82 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths The World Bank l lThe World Bank

The World Bank Group increased the Global Food World Bank aid to IBRD/IDA Crisis Response Program (GFRP) which pays for Agriculture Action Plan

food for the poor,provides nutritional supplements Other related sectors to women and children and covers the cost of food Public administration-agriculture, agricultural markets and trade, agro-industry imports and seed. Agriculture, fishing and forestry 6000

5000 // World Bank aid to agriculture and rural development 4000

3000 US$ million World Bank IBRD/IDASpecial Financing 2000 to agriculture and rural development 5000 1000 4000 3000 0 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Fiscal Year 1000 0

US$ million current prices 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Fiscal Year // World Bank and the Platform

The Platform provides exceptional added World Bank IBRD/IDASpecial Financing to agriculture value through engagement and knowledge and rural development as a proportion of total exchange with a broad group of actors in 10 agriculture and climate change. The World 8 Bank benefited from engagement and 6 knowledge exchanges about large-scale re- 4 sponsible agricultural investments and from Percent 2 broad interactions about the food and agri- 0 culture agenda and aid architecture. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Fiscal Year

// Achievements, success stories, lessons learned Working for a world free of poverty // Global Food Crisis Response Program (GFRP) The World Bank Group increased the Global Food Crisis Response Program (GFRP) to US$2 billion in April 2009 to provide immediate relief to countries hard hit by high food prices. GFRP was created in May 2008 to reduce the threat that high food prices and rising agricultural production and marketing costs pose to the world’s poor. l The World Bank Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 83

The money is used to feed poor children and // Showcase other vulnerable groups and to provide nutri- tional supplements to pregnant women, lactat- // Publications ing mothers, infants and small children. It also Rethinking Forest Partnerships and Benefit Shar- meets the additional expenses of food imports ing PDF provides insights on factors and contexts and the purchase of seeds for the new season. that make collaborative arrangements work for communities and landowners. The Bank’s response has been articulated in Roots for Good Forest Outcomes PDF presents an coordination with the United Nations’ High- analytical framework for governance reforms . Level Task Force on food security. Through its response, the Bank is supporting the imple- // Events mentation of the joint Comprehensive Frame- WWW Agriculture and Rural Development Day at work for Action. the Copenhagen summit was attended by 160 Bank staff and 40 external development profes- Programme Amount committed sionals, including staff from many Platform member organisations.

Agricultural US$2.23 billion Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications productivity WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and rural development available at donorplatform.org. Linking farmers to US$1.08 billion markets // Websites WWW Agricultural Risk Management includes Rural non-farm US$1.96 billion frameworks and guidelines for assessing supply- chain risk and also covers weather and food-price Reducing risk and US$0.84 billion risk management. vulnerability WWW Rural Livelihoods presents the World Bank’s approaches and projects in areas ranging from Environmental US$1.36 billion community mobilization and skills training to mar- services and ket access and financial services. sustainability

WWW worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOP- WWW siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/ ICS/EXTARD/EXTRURLIV/0,,menuPK:5097036~ Resources/Benefit_Sharing_WEB.pdf pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK: 5097010,00.html 84 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths UNODC l lUnited Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

UNODC increases food security and productivity // Achievements, success stories, by raising awareness among small farmers lessons learned about illegal activities and providing incentives for cultivating alternatives to illicit drugs. // Achievements • Facilitated South–South cooperation, Among the lessons learned are that govern- especially among Latin American and South ment involvement is critical to success and that East Asian states the involvement of grassroots beneficiaries pro- • Raised awareness of small farmers about motes community participation. Alternative de- the impacts of illegal logging and poaching velopment strategies should be included in • Provided legal incentives for income- national plans and mainstreamed into the generating opportunities for small farmers broader development agenda. engaged in illicit drug cultivation • Improved food security • Increased agricultural productivity and // UNODC aid to agriculture market links. and rural development // Successes • Decreased the number of households UNODC aid to agriculturual and rural development dependent on illicit drug cultivation 120 • Improved the socio-economic situation of 100 small farmers 80 • Increased the involvement of women in most 60 40 aspects of rural development 20 • Promoted access to a multinational super- 0

US$ million current prices market chain (Carrefour) for agricultural 2008 2009 Year products.

// Lessons learned // UNODC and the Platform • Government involvement at all levels is critical to success and sustainability UNODC benefits from presentations by Plat- • Involvement of grassroots beneficiaries form members and other stakeholders dur- drives community participation and ownership ing annual meetings. The continuous • Proper sequencing between development exchange of information and experiences, and law enforcement is necessary and access to members’ information and • Proposed agricultural substitutes must have technical reports is also very useful. pre-identified, secured markets • Alternative development policies and approaches should be incorporated into national plans • International financial institutions must be engaged to make a sustainable impact on farmers’ livelihoods and to make progress on the MDGs • Drug control and alternative development approaches must be mainstreamed into the broader development agenda l UNODC Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 85

// Priorities

Area Programme Amount Anticipated disbursed outcomes

Food security Lao PDR and Myanmar: US$136,000 Improved food security and capacities through illicit Increasing food security (project started for the creation of farmers’ organisa- cultivation and promoting licit crop December 2009) tions, local entrepreneurship and production and small small enterprises, to help small farm- farmer development ers reintegrate into the mainstream

Myanmar: Two food secu- US$165,000 Improved food security and decreasing rity programmes (delays US$831,000 poverty and dependency on illicit culti- in implementation) vation

Sustainable Bolivia: Vocational train- US$270,000 Replacement of illicit coca production income gene- ing and promotion of mi- and trafficking by licit economic alter- ration and po- croenterprises natives verty reduction Lao PDR: Houaphan al- US$339,000 Improved food security and assistance ternative development in reaching the MDGs

Lao PDR: Rehabilitation of US$547,000 Reduction in poverty levels former opium-growing communities

Environmen- Peru: Alternative develop- US$1.2 million Agricultural production and improved tal protection ment with an environ- natural resource management mental approach in Pichis-Palcazu, Aguaytia and Huallaga

Peru: Alternative develop- US$985,000 Expansion and consolidation of licit ment with an environ- farming economy mental approach in Apurimac-Ene and south- eastern coca valleys

Bolivia: Sustainable and US$131,000 Improved employment opportunities integrated management for young people in the traditional coca of natural resources production zone

Colombia: Alternative de- US$1.2 million Increased specialty coffee and cacao velopment in Antioquia production Department

Environment Colombia: Support for the US$56.4 million Increased agricultural production and and sustaina- monitoring and imple- verification of reforestation pro- ble income mentation of illicit crop gramme generation reduction and alternative development strategy 86 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths USAID l lUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID)

At the 2009 G8 Summit in L’Aquila, global leaders pledged to take decisive action to address the From the American people challenge of global food insecurity. US President Obama committed at least US$3.5 billion over three years to improve food security, triggering an additional US$18.5 billion from other donors. USAID also provides research support through With the renewed US commitment to halve the Collaborative Research Support Programs poverty and hunger by 2015, USAID will expand (CRSPs). These programmes are long-term, agricultural research and capacity-building pro- multidisciplinary research and training initiatives gramming over the next five years. that recognise that international agricultural re- search is most successful through collaboration. Researchers from US universities work with sci- // Priorities entists from universities in developing countries, national agricultural research systems, the // Global Hunger and Food Security Initiative CGIAR, US agricultural companies and NGOs to (GHFSI): Feed the Future identify research needs, design projects, analyse To fulfil its commitment to achieving the first results and disseminate knowledge. Millennium Development Goal, the United States began the GHFSI and released a consultation Other agriculture-related science and technol- document on this in September 2009. Under the ogy programmes supported by USAID include initiative, the US would work with host govern- the Agriculture Biotechnology Support Program ments, development partners and other stake- II, the Farmer-to-Farmer Program, the Interna- holders who are committed to tackling the root tional Fertilizer Development Center, the Middle causes of global hunger. The work would be im- East Regional Cooperation (MERC) Program, and plemented through the Feed the Future initiative, the US Israel Cooperative Development Re- due to be launched in 2010. search (CDR) Program.

// Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Develop- // Climate change ment Programme (CAADP) Addressing the causes and effects of climate USAID is building the institutional capacity of change has been a key focus of USAID’s develop- government organisations, regional economic ment assistance for over a decade. USAID has communities and civil society groups to lead and funded environmental programmes that have re- manage CAADP. Through the CAADP Partner- duced growth in greenhouse-gas emissions ship Platform, USAID encourages a stronger role while promoting energy efficiency, forest conser- for partners by developing strategies to coordi- vation, biodiversity and other development goals. nate activities better to achieve CAADP objec- tives. This multiple-benefits approach aids economic development without sacrificing environmental // Science and technology protection. Active in more than 40 countries, the In the push to meet the MDGs, USAID has in- programme integrates climate change into the creased its focus on science and technology. In broad range of USAID’s development assistance 2009, the agency was one of the top five donors to activities. the CGIAR and was an active participant in the re- form process that has been ongoing for two years. l USAID Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 87

// USAID Collaborative Research Support Programs promote food security and sustainable solutions

The CRSPs are an important part of the food security initiative and promote sustainable solutions. For example, the Integrated Pest Management CRSP received the Asia-Pacific Forum for Environment and Development’s Silver Medal 2008 for improving rural liveli- hoods and promoting sustainable and safer vegetable production in Bangladesh.

The programme taught cucumber and melon growers how to use pheromone traps to monitor and control fruit flies. It encouraged a national policy change, as the Department of Agriculture in Bangladesh supported the import of pheromones. The programme con- tinues to grow as non-government organisa- tions have adopted the techniques and are training more farmers.

WWW nepad-caadp.net/

WWWus usaid.gov/our_work/agriculture/food_ security.htm 88 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 Diverse strengths WFP l lWorld Food Programme (WFP)

In 2009, WFP helped 101.3 million hungry peo- • School feeding helps break the cycle of ple – 10 per cent of the world’s undernourished hunger and poverty people. Over 80 per cent of those assisted were • Throughout 2009, WFP supported govern- women and children. WFP’s total expenditure in ment and community capacities in responding 2009 was US$7.69 billion, up 13% from 2008. to climate change • WFP has made disaster preparedness and management a key objective of its strategic // WFP indicative expenditures plan • WFP and the International Fund for Agricul- tural Development jointly established a WPF indicative expenditures by project category mechanism to reduce smallholder farmers’

Bilateral trust funds and others vulnerability to extreme weather events Special operations • In 2009, WFP committed to a comprehensive Relief effort to address the environmental risks Development associated with displacement.

10000

8000 // Showcase

6000 // Publications US$ million 4000 The World Hunger Series Hunger and Markets PDF book (2009) analyses the workings of markets in 2000 order to identify the sources of market failures in

0 addressing hunger and malnutrition, and to high- 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year light the ways in which they can be improved.

The Comprehensive Food Security & Vulnerability // Achievements, success stories, Analysis Guidelines PDF is a unique tool designed lessons learned to describe the profiles of food insecurity, identify the causes of hunger and analyse the risks among • Addressing food access facilitates populations in crisis-prone countries. agricultural development • Locally supplied food and nutrition safety In addition to these, WFP produced over 20 publi- nets support local agricultural production cations relevant to agriculture and rural develop- • Productive and social safety nets are critical ment. to sustaining gains in food production • Food-for-training programmes can focus on Lists of all Platform members’ 2009 publications food and agricultural skills and practices WWW and events WWW relevant to agriculture and • Short, medium and long-term interventions rural development available at donorplatform.org. provide opportunities for partnerships • Purchasing food locally stimulates agricul- ture and market development • Innovative procurement practices develop new interventions to support smallholder farmers l WFP Diverse strengths Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009 89

// Priorities 2009

Area Programmes Estimated Anticipated direct expenses outcomes

Save lives and • Cash transfers and US$1.8 billion • Save lives and reduce acute protect liveli- vouchers malnutrition hoods in • Emergency school feeding • Protect livelihoods and enhance emergencies • Global food distribution self-reliance • Micronutrient • Reach refugees, internally supplementation displaced persons (IDPs) and • Supplementary feeding other vulnerable groups • Special operations

Prevent acute • Food for aid/work US$280 million • Strengthen capacities of govern- hunger and Food for training ments to respond to acute hunger invest in dis- • Global food distribution • Strengthen resilience of aster prepa- • Capacity development communities through safety redness and (disaster/emergency nets or asset creation mitigation preparedness) measures

Restore and • Cash transfers and/ US$110 million • Support the return of refugees rebuild lives or vouchers and IDPs and liveli- • Food for aid/work Support the re-establishment of hoods in Food for training livelihoods and food and nutrition post-conflict, • Global food distribution security post-disaster • School feeding • Assist in rebuilding food supply or transition • Special operations or delivery capacities of countries situations and communities

Reduce chro- • Care and treatment (TB, US$630 million • Help countries bring under- nic hunger ART and PMTCT) nutrition below critical levels and under- • Cash transfers and/ • Increase levels of education and nutrition or vouchers basic nutrition and health • Food for aid/work • Meet the food and nutrition Food for training needs of those affected by • Micronutrient HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and other supplementation pandemics • Mitigation/safety nets (AIDS- affected households and OVC) • Mother-and-child health and nutrition • School feeding

Strengthen • Capacity development (local US$130 million • Support the sustainable develop- the capacities procurement/hand-over/ ment of food and nutrition of countries advocacy) security systems to reduce Special operations • Develop clear hand-over hunger,inclu- strategies to enhance nationally ding hand- owned solutions over • Strengthen the capacities of strategies countries to predict and reduce and local hunger purchase 90 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development Annual Report 2009

Prepared by Platform Secretariat

Editors Pascal Corbé, Shaughn McArthur

Published by Global Donor Platform for Rural Development c/o Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) Dahlmannstraße 4, 53113 Bonn, Germany

Photo credits Frontcover: Alison Preston, AusAID //Joshua Krämer, ACDI-CIDA // Surrender, Fotolia Page 3: Cornelia Pretzch, Fotolia // Ronnie, Fotolia //Pierre St-Jacques, ACDI-CIDA Page 7: Robert Gross mann, IFAD // Roger Le Moyne, ACDI-CIDA //Jay Directo, AFP Photo Page 13: Cameraw, Fotolia // Rainer Sturm, Pixelio // Günter Guni, Istock Page 30: Wededa, Pixelio // Margorita, Fotolia // Patrizia Tilly, Fotolia Backcover: Klausi, Pixelio // marbod, Fotolia // Martina Berg, Fotolia

June 2010 Global Donor Platform for Rural Development