Historic Name: BLTTE-AXACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT
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NFS Form 10-900-a USDINPS NRHP Registration Form OMB Approval Xo. 1024-001S BUTTE-ANACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 1 United States Departmenl of the Interior. National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: BLTTE-AXACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT Other Name, Site Number: Butte Historic District NHL Butte. Anaconda & Pacific Railway Historic District Headframes and Mine Yards in Butte Socialist Hall. Butte Anaconda Commercial Historic District Anaconda Goosetown Historic District Anaconda West Side Historic District Anaconda Mining Company Smoke Stack Tuttle Manufacturing and Supply Company 2. LOCATION Street & Number: Not For Publication: N/A Vicinity: N/A City/Town: Walkerville, Butte and Anaconda State: Montana Code: MT Counties: Silver Bow and Deer Lodge Code: 093, 023 Zip Code: 59701, 59711 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property: Category of Property: Public: X Building(s): Private/Local: X District: State: X Site: Public-Federal: X Structure: Object: Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 597*5 1872 building^) __L sites 37 22 structures _0_ objects 6015 18 95 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register: N A Contributing resources were not formally tallied in earlier Butte NHL listings Name of related multiple property listing: NFS Form 10-900-a USDINPS NRHP Registration Form OMB Approval No. 1024-001S BUTTE-ANACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT ~ Page 2 United States Departmenl of the Interior. National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 19S6, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination _ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property X meets _ does not meet the National Register Criteria. Signature of Certifying Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau In my opinion, the properly __ meets __ does not meet the National Register Criteria- Signature of Commenting or Other Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau 5. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CERTIFICATION I, hereby certify that this property is: _ entered in the National Register _ see continuation sheet _ determined eligible for the National Register _ see continuation sheet _ determined not eligible for the National Register _ see continuation sheet _ removed from the National Register _see continuation sheet _ other (explain): Signature of the Keeper Date of Action NFS Fomi 10-900-a USDI/NPS NRHP Reaistration Fonn OMB Approval No. 1024-00IS BUTTE-ANACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 3 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Fonn 6. FUNCTION OR USE Historic: Sub: INDUSTRY Extractive Facility, Manufacturing Facility, Processing Site, Industrial Storage TRANSPORTATION Rail-related, Road-related SOCIAL Meeting Hall DOMESTIC Single Dwelling, Multiple Dwelling, Boardinghouse, Hotel COMMERCE Organizational, Business, Professional, Financial Institution, Warehouse, Grocery Store, Specialty Store, Restaurant Current: INDUSTRY Extractive Facility, Manufacturing Facility, Industrial Storage TRANSPORTATION Rail-related, Road-related, Pedestrian-related DOMESTIC Single Dwelling, Multiple Dwelling, Hotel COMMERCE Business, Professional, Financial Institution, Warehouse, Grocery Store, Specialty Store, Restaurant 7. DESCRIPTION ARCHITECTURAL CLASSIFICATION: LATE VICTORIAN Queen Anne, Italianate, Second Empire, Gothic, Shingle Style, Romanesque MID-19th CENTURY Exotic Revival LATE 19TH & 20TH CENTURY REVIVALS French Renaissance, Georgian Revival, Late Gothic Revival, Colonial Revival, Neo-Classical Revival, Tudor Revival, Spanish Colonial Revival LATE 19TH & EARLY 20TH CENTURY AMERICAN MOVEMENTS Sullivanesque, Prairie School, Bungalow/Craftsman, Commercial MODERN MOVEMENT Art Deco OTHER Vernacular: Four-square, Shotgun, Gable Front and Wing, Bay-Fronted Flat, Porch- Fronted Walkup, Two-Story Flat MATERIALS: Foundation: Stone, Brick, Concrete Walls: Wood, Stone, Brick, Concrete, Metal, Terra Cotta, Synthetics Roof. Wood, Metal, Asphalt Other: Metal, Slag, Glass NFS Foim 10-900-a USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 BUTTE-ANACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 4 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service _______National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Present and Historic Physical Appearance SECTION 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Overview: Butte-Anaconda NHL District Overview: Walkerville Overview: Butte Developmental History of Butte Butte Neighborhood Descriptions: Centerville Central Business District St. Mary's Neighborhood South Butte South Central Neighborhood East Side Neighborhood Northwest-Big Butte Neighborhood West Side Neighborhood Southwest Neighborhood Smelter District Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology Butte Mine Yards Socialist Hall Overview: Anaconda Developmental History of Anaconda Anaconda Neighborhood Descriptions: Commercial Historic District West Side Goosetown Anaconda Copper Mining Company Smoke Stack Tuttle Manufacturing and Supply Company Foundry Overview: Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railway (BA & P) Integrity of the Butte-Anaconda Historic District NFS Foim 10-900-a USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 BUTTE-ANACONDA HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 5 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form INTRODUCTION The Butte-Anaconda National Historic Landmark encompasses 9,774 acres, within which are 7,910 resources, roughly three-quarters of which (6,015), contribute to the national significance of the district. The district's contributing resources include 5,975 buildings, two sites, 37 structures and one object. The nation's largest NHL (in terms of resource count), the Butte-Anaconda NHL district includes three communities - Butte, Anaconda and Walkerville - as well as the Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railroad (BA & P). Butte (population 34,000), which is the largest of the three communities, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961. (Also within the town of Butte is the individually designated Burton Wheeler House National Historic Landmark [1976].) Walkerville (population 700) is adjacent to Butte and, though sometimes viewed as a neighborhood within Butte, is a distinct community with its own government. Anaconda (population 9,000) is approximately 26 miles west of Butte, connected to its "sister city" by the Deer Lodge Valley and the BA & P rail link. In 1961, Suite's national prominence as a copper-producing center was recognized wilh ils designation as a National Historic Landmark under Ihe Iheme of Weslward Expansion (Mining Frontier of Ihe Trans-Mississippi Wesl). In 1972, a nomination was prepared lhal defined Ihe period of significance as 1864-1922; Ihe NHL boundary encompassed 2,720 acres of Bulte's uptown sector and a preliminary lislof 31 siles and slruclures based upon a "visual survey of Ihe 'old town.'"' The 1972 nomination recommended lhal an in-deplh sludy be conducted to further refine Ihe boundaries. This nomination accomplishes lhal boundary revision, and expands Ihe boundaries of Ihe NHL to include all of Ihe copper district's nationally significanl mining resources lhal relain a high degree of integrity, including Ihose wilhin Walkerville, which was Ihe site of Ihe NHL district's earliest mining operations (as well as Ihe focus of ils firsl labor slrike), and Anaconda, a company town lhal was specifically established as Ihe smelling center for Butte, and which is integral to Ihe history of copper production wilh Ihe NHL district. As noted in Section 8, Ihis nomination also expands Ihe dislricl Ihematically, to include nationally significanl resources associated wilh Ihe history of American Labor. As amended, Ihe Butte-Anaconda NHL dislricl is an oulslanding representation of national mining and labor history, representing Ihe NHL Thematic Framework's Theme V., Developing the American Economy. The dislricl as a whole and all of ils essential components relain an impressively high level of integrity. The sheer number of exlanl conlributing resources and Ihe unique induslrial character of Ihe dislricl are exlraordinary, and represenl an era and a way of life lied to Ihe induslrial growlh of Ihe nation. Specific resources wilhin Ihe landmark dislricl lhal embody Ihese Ihemes include: • Firsl and foremosl, Ihe headframes, mill buildings, mines, mine yards and induslrial resources lhal reflect Butle Hill's 50-year reign as Ihe world's mosl productive copper dislricl. • The Granite Mounlain Mine, site of Ihe disaslrous Granite Mounlain/Speculator fire lhal galvanized labor activists and precipitated formation of Ihe Metal Mine Workers' Union and evenls leading to Ihe lynching of International Workers of Ihe World (IWW) leader Frank Little. • The historic community of Walkerville, birthplace of Butte mining and the incubator of inveslmenl resources lhal gave rise to a copper-based mining empire. • The city of Butte, an early Iwentielh-cenlury melropolis, wilh ils buslling uptown and intacl worker's neighborhoods lhal grew up around Ihe mine yards. • The city of Anaconda, a quintessential lale-nineleenlh and early-lwenlielh-cenlury company