DOCSLIB.ORG

UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Celibacy in the British North American Colonies, c.1600-1750 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/04n5j94w Author Van Dyne, Devon Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Celibacy in the British North American Colonies, c. 1600-1750 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Devon Elizabeth Van Dyne 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Celibacy in the British North American Colonies, c.1600-1750 by Devon Elizabeth Van Dyne Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Michael Meranze, Chair This dissertation studies singleness in the British North American colonies through the lens of religion. It investigates the fate of celibacy in the Protestant tradition after the Reformation, when critics of the Catholic Church dislodged the requirement of a chaste priesthood and dissolved the monasteries. In instigating these changes, reformers overturned a centuries-old hierarchy that ranked celibacy above marriage. For many Protestant groups, matrimony came to take on special importance; not merely an outlet for concupiscence or a way to increase the church, matrimony became an earthly reflection of the heavenly union between God and his creation, offering spiritually-edifying lessons about the nature of Christ’s love. However, as this dissertation shows, even though celibacy lost its place as an ecclesiastical institution within Protestantism, it still remained a feature of Christian life that Protestants would grapple with for centuries. Despite reformers’ dismissal of celibacy and elevation of marriage, many believers continued to insist that singleness presented a meaningful spiritual vocation. ii Efforts to integrate celibacy back into the Protestant tradition were especially evident in British North America, which served as a refuge for a variety of religious groups from Europe and came to harbor a markedly diverse set of perspectives on the single life. Previous scholarship on early America has emphasized the importance of marriage and the family to the colonial enterprise, but this dissertation shows that colonists in fact carved out various alternatives to normative notions of marriage, family, and procreative sexuality. By studying the different religious groups that mingled on American shores—Puritans, Quakers, Catholics, Anglicans, Pietists, and others—I show how the colonies fostered a thriving conversation about the place of celibacy in the church. That conversation took new form during the Great Awakening, an event that witnessed both a growing interest in celibacy and a backlash against it. Though the reaction against the revivals ultimately helped push celibacy to the margins of American religion, the Awakening nevertheless created a particularly enduring model of singleness, one that opened up yet more space within Protestantism for the celibate practices the Reformation had tried to root out. iii The dissertation of Devon Elizabeth Van Dyne is approved. Christopher J. Looby Craig Bryan Yirush Michael Meranze, Committee Chair University of California, Los Angeles 2015 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments vi Vita ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1 “Aberrations from the first good estate”: The Place of Celibacy in Puritan Reform 25 Chapter 2 “Sin and iniquity, which ordinarily are the companions…of a solitary life”: Resolving the Problems of Celibacy in Puritan New England 75 Chapter 3 “I have long thought it an Error among all Sorts, that use not Monastick Lives”: Reinventing Celibacy in Catholic and Quaker Colonial America 127 Chapter 4 “O blessed life of loneliness when all creation silence keeps”: European Experiments in the American Colonies 188 Chapter 5 “They lay with the Bible between them”: The Revival of Celibacy During the Great Awakening 256 Conclusion 336 Bibliography 342 v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the help and support I received during my years in graduate school. First and foremost, I am extraordinarily grateful for the patience and direction of my adviser, Michael Meranze, who helped turn my ideas into a viable project. Though I never made his job any easier, he never gave up on me. That this dissertation exists is a credit to him, and I cannot thank him enough for all he did to see me through this process. My other committee members—Andrea Goldman, Christopher Looby, and Craig Yirush—were always thoughtful readers of my work and constant sources of encouragement. Their contributions made this dissertation a better document, and I am extremely fortunate to have had them on my committee and very grateful for their help along the way. Other faculty and staff members at UCLA were invaluable in getting me to this point. Joan Waugh has shown me every kindness over the past six years, offering support at each juncture. Ellen DuBois believed in me as a scholar long before I did, and her passion for history and teaching still inspires me. Early in my graduate career, I benefited greatly from classes with Kelly Lytle Hernandez, Brenda Stevenson, and Ruth Bloch, historians who continue to shape my thinking. I owe an enormous debt as well to the History Department’s Graduate Advisers— Hadley Porter, Deborah Dauda, Eboni Shaw, and Lindsay Kovner—for helping me every step of the way. I am also very grateful for the generous financial support I received from UCLA. The History Department provided me with a Five-Year Fellowship and the opportunity to work at the History Writing Center, and Graduate Division supported me with a Graduate Summer Research Mentorship award. Friends and colleagues in Los Angeles offered a welcoming and supportive community during my years in graduate school. I had the good fortune of meeting Julia Kark Callander my vi second day in Los Angeles, and she has remained a loyal and dear friend ever since. For that, I will always be grateful. From my earliest days at UCLA, Jean-Paul deGuzman, Zevi Gutfreund, and Laura Redford befriended me and patiently fielded my many questions. I was lucky to have a wonderful cohort to journey through the 246 series with during my first year in the program, and to have the camaraderie of my History Writing Center colleagues during my last. I am grateful as well to Cassia Roth and Taylor Walle for providing crucial dissertating assistance and comedic relief exactly when I needed it. And I owe a very heartfelt thanks to Kristen Hillaire Glasgow, Caroline Bunnell Harris, Amanda Hollander, Brian Kovalesky, Matt Luckett, Caitlin Parker, Adrienne Posner, Vanessa Raabe, and Eric Saulnier for their friendship and support during my years in Los Angeles. You have all made the process of writing this dissertation vastly more enjoyable. Long before I set foot on the UCLA campus, I benefited from the inspiration and guidance of professors at Pacific Lutheran University. I was lucky enough to stumble into Samuel Torvend’s writing course the first day of my freshman year, and it changed my life. His influence on me is more profound than he will ever know, and he continues to be a scholar and teacher I greatly admire. Megan Benton and Gina Hames mentored and encouraged me during my four years at PLU, for which I remain ever grateful. Beth Kraig showed unfailing kindness and generosity in helping me navigate the shoals of graduate school, and I very much appreciate all of her assistance. Two other Lutes, Jacob and Elisabeth Pynn Himmelman, also deserve a special thank you for their steadfast support over the years. My family has put up with me through the long process of writing this dissertation and has sustained me for many more years than that. I am extremely fortunate to have two older brothers who are always in my corner: Bob (who also offered valuable feedback on a portion of vii this dissertation) and Brad, thank you for your unflagging belief in me. My amazing sisters-in- law continue to inspire me, and my nieces and nephews bring me so much joy: thank you to Lateefa, Vionna, Chanelle, and Isaiah, and to Coral, Hunter, and Eli. My grandmother, Meredith Elsensohn, has long cheered me on during the many years I have been a student, for which I am very grateful. I can finally answer her that, yes, I have at last run out of words to write, except for these: I would not be where I am today without the support and hard work of my parents, Frank and Suzi Van Dyne. I dedicate this dissertation to them, with love and gratitude. viii VITA 2003 B.A., History Pacific Lutheran University Tacoma, Washington 2010 M.A., History University of California, Los Angeles 2009-2011 Teaching Assistant Department of History University of California, Los Angeles 2013 C.Phil., History University of California, Los Angeles 2013-2014 Lead Writing Tutor History Department Writing Center University of California, Los Angeles ix Introduction And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him…And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man. Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh. — Genesis 2:18-24 Now concerning the things whereof ye wrote unto me: It is good for a man not to touch a woman. — 1 Corinthians 7:1 In 1719, Puritan minister Cotton Mather penned A Glorious Espousal, an essay urging readers to take up the offer of marriage that Christ extended to all believing souls.1 Christ, Mather assured them, had not just been speaking of the church in general when he proclaimed, “I Marry my self unto you,” but to “every Individual Believer,” proposing to all who would receive him, “Come with me, my Spouse.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549
    “JUST AS THE PRIESTS HAVE THEIR WIVES”: PRIESTS AND CONCUBINES IN ENGLAND, 1375-1549 Janelle Werner A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved by: Advisor: Professor Judith M. Bennett Reader: Professor Stanley Chojnacki Reader: Professor Barbara J. Harris Reader: Cynthia B. Herrup Reader: Brett Whalen © 2009 Janelle Werner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT JANELLE WERNER: “Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549 (Under the direction of Judith M. Bennett) This project – the first in-depth analysis of clerical concubinage in medieval England – examines cultural perceptions of clerical sexual misbehavior as well as the lived experiences of priests, concubines, and their children. Although much has been written on the imposition of priestly celibacy during the Gregorian Reform and on its rejection during the Reformation, the history of clerical concubinage between these two watersheds has remained largely unstudied. My analysis is based primarily on archival records from Hereford, a diocese in the West Midlands that incorporated both English- and Welsh-speaking parishes and combines the quantitative analysis of documentary evidence with a close reading of pastoral and popular literature. Drawing on an episcopal visitation from 1397, the act books of the consistory court, and bishops’ registers, I argue that clerical concubinage occurred as frequently in England as elsewhere in late medieval Europe and that priests and their concubines were, to some extent, socially and culturally accepted in late medieval England.
    [Show full text]
  • John Wesley and the Religious Societies
    JOHN WESLEY AND THE RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES JOHN WESLEY AND THE RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES BY JOHN S. SIMON, D.D. AUTHOR OF * A SUMMARY OF METHODIST LAW AND DISCIPLINE,' * THE REVIVAL OF RELIGION IN ENGLAND IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY,' ETC. LONDON THE EPWORTH PRESS J. ALFRED SHARP First edition, 1921 PREFACE Canon Overton, in his Life in the English Church, 1660- ' 1714, says that there is no doubt that John Wesley intended his Societies to be an exact repetition of what was done by Beveridge, Horneck, and Smythies sixty-two years before.' ' He continues : How it was that the Methodist Societies took a different course is a very interesting, and, to a church- man, a very sad question.' In this book I have given descrip- tions of the first Rehgious Societies, and have shown their development under the influence of Dr. Woodward and John Wesley. From those descriptions my readers wiU be able to judge the accuracy of Canon Overton's statement concern- ing John Wesley's intentions. There can be no doubt, how- ' ' ever, that the relationship between the Religious Societies ' ' and the United Societies of the People called Methodists was so close that the latter cannot be understood without an intimate knowledge of the former. In writing this book, I have kept the Methodist Church in view. My eyes have been fixed on John Wesley and the England in which his greatest work was done. We can never understand the revival of religion which glorified the eighteenth century until we see Wesley as he wls, and get rid of the false impressions created by writers who have had an imperfect acquaintance with him and his evangelistic work.
    [Show full text]
  • Church History
    Village Missions Website: http://www.vmcdi.com Contenders Discipleship Initiative E-mail: [email protected] Church History Ecclesiology Church History History of Christian Doctrine Church History - Ecclesiology and the History of Christian Doctrine Contenders Discipleship Initiative – Church History Instructor’s Guide TRAINING MODULE SUMMARY Course Name Church History Course Number in Series 5 Creation Date August 2017 Created By: Russell Richardson Last Date Modified January 2018 Version Number 2 Copyright Note Contenders Bible School is a two-year ministry equipping program started in 1995 by Pastor Ron Sallee at Machias Community Church, Snohomish, WA. More information regarding the full Contenders program and copies of this guide and corresponding videos can be found at http://www.vmcontenders.org or http://www.vmcdi.com Copyright is retained by Village Missions with all rights reserved to protect the integrity of this material and the Village Missions Contenders Discipleship Initiative. Contenders Discipleship Initiative Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in the Contenders Discipleship Initiative courses are those of the instructors and authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of Village Missions. The viewpoints of Village Missions may be found at https://villagemissions.org/doctrinal-statement/ The Contenders program is provided free of charge and it is expected that those who receive freely will in turn give freely. Permission for non-commercial use is hereby granted but re-sale is prohibited. Copyright
    [Show full text]
  • The Eastern Mission of the Pontifical Commission for Russia, Origins to 1933
    University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations August 2017 Lux Occidentale: The aE stern Mission of the Pontifical Commission for Russia, Origins to 1933 Michael Anthony Guzik University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the European History Commons, History of Religion Commons, and the Other History Commons Recommended Citation Guzik, Michael Anthony, "Lux Occidentale: The Eastern Mission of the Pontifical ommiC ssion for Russia, Origins to 1933" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 1632. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1632 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LUX OCCIDENTALE: THE EASTERN MISSION OF THE PONTIFICAL COMMISSION FOR RUSSIA, ORIGINS TO 1933 by Michael A. Guzik A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee August 2017 ABSTRACT LUX OCCIDENTALE: THE EASTERN MISSION OF THE PONTIFICAL COMMISSION FOR RUSSIA, ORIGINS TO 1933 by Michael A. Guzik The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2017 Under the Supervision of Professor Neal Pease Although it was first a sub-commission within the Congregation for the Eastern Churches (CEO), the Pontifical Commission for Russia (PCpR) emerged as an independent commission under the presidency of the noted Vatican Russian expert, Michel d’Herbigny, S.J. in 1925, and remained so until 1933 when it was re-integrated into CEO.
    [Show full text]
  • The Renaissance Society of America Annual Meeting
    CHICAGO 30 March–1 April 2017 RSA 2017 Annual Meeting, Chicago, 30 March–1 April Photograph © 2017 The Art Institute of Chicago. Institute The Art © 2017 Photograph of Chicago. Institute The Art © 2017 Photograph The Renaissance Society of America Annual Meeting The Renaissance Society of America Annual Meeting Program Chicago 30 March–1 April 2017 Front and back covers: Jacob Halder and Workshop, English, Greenwich, active 1576–1608. Portions of a Field Armor, ca. 1590. Steel, etched and gilded, iron, brass, and leather. George F. Harding Collection, 1982.2241a-h. Art Institute of Chicago. Contents RSA Executive Board .......................................................................5 RSA Staff ........................................................................................6 RSA Donors in 2016 .......................................................................7 RSA Life Members ...........................................................................8 RSA Patron Members....................................................................... 9 Sponsors ........................................................................................ 10 Program Committee .......................................................................10 Discipline Representatives, 2015–17 ...............................................10 Participating Associate Organizations ............................................. 11 Registration and Book Exhibition ...................................................14 Policy on Recording and Live
    [Show full text]
  • Hidden Lives: Asceticism and Interiority in the Late Reformation, 1650-1745
    Hidden Lives: Asceticism and Interiority in the Late Reformation, 1650-1745 By Timothy Cotton Wright A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Jonathan Sheehan, chair Professor Ethan Shagan Professor Niklaus Largier Summer 2018 Abstract Hidden Lives: Asceticism and Interiority in the Late Reformation, 1650-1745 By Timothy Cotton Wright Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Jonathan Sheehan, Chair This dissertation explores a unique religious awakening among early modern Protestants whose primary feature was a revival of ascetic, monastic practices a century after the early Reformers condemned such practices. By the early seventeenth-century, a widespread dissatisfaction can be discerned among many awakened Protestants at the suppression of the monastic life and a new interest in reintroducing ascetic practices like celibacy, poverty, and solitary withdrawal to Protestant devotion. The introduction and chapter one explain how the absence of monasticism as an institutionally sanctioned means to express intensified holiness posed a problem to many Protestants. Large numbers of dissenters fled the mainstream Protestant religions—along with what they viewed as an increasingly materialistic, urbanized world—to seek new ways to experience God through lives of seclusion and ascetic self-deprival. In the following chapters, I show how this ascetic impulse drove the formation of new religious communities, transatlantic migration, and gave birth to new attitudes and practices toward sexuality and gender among Protestants. The study consists of four case studies, each examining a different non-conformist community that experimented with ascetic ritual and monasticism.
    [Show full text]
  • Rites Relating to Marriage a Statement and Resources from The
    Rites Relating to Marriage A Statement and Resources from The International Anglican Liturgical Consultation Auckland 2009 - Canterbury 2011 Contents Page Preface .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 4 The Statement: Rites Relating to Marriage Theology of Marriage .............................................................................................................. 5 Ritual Matters ............................................................................................................................. 12 Culture and Context ................................................................................................................ 24 Supporting Articles are provided in the longer publication of this Resource. These are: Charles Sherlock The Solemnization of Matrimony: some theological perspectives towards liturgical revision Richard Leggett Mystērion, Sacramenta and the Marriage of Christians Winston Halapua Moana Liturgy: Towards an Oceanic Theology of Marriage Mdimi Mhogolo Marriage rites in Tanzania Simon Jones The Marriage of Christians or a Christian Marriage Rite? Theological and liturgical implications for Anglicans 2 Preface From Auckland to Canterbury Statements of the International Anglican Liturgical Consultation are always several
    [Show full text]
  • Early Puritanism in the Southern and Island Colonies
    Early Puritanism in the Southern and Island Colonies BY BABETTE M. LEVY Preface NE of the pleasant by-products of doing research O work is the realization of how generously help has been given when it was needed. The author owes much to many people who proved their interest in this attempt to see America's past a little more clearly. The Institute of Early American History and Culture gave two grants that enabled me to devote a sabbatical leave and a summer to direct searching of colony and church records. Librarians and archivists have been cooperative beyond the call of regular duty. Not a few scholars have read the study in whole or part to give me the benefit of their knowledge and judgment. I must mention among them Professor Josephine W, Bennett of the Hunter College English Department; Miss Madge McLain, formerly of the Hunter College Classics Department; the late Dr. William W. Rockwell, Librarian Emeritus of Union Theological Seminary, whose vast scholarship and his willingness to share it will remain with all who knew him as long as they have memories; Professor Matthew Spinka of the Hartford Theological Sem- inary; and my mother, who did not allow illness to keep her from listening attentively and critically as I read to her chapter after chapter. All students who are interested 7O AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY in problems concerning the early churches along the Atlantic seaboard and the occupants of their pulpits are indebted to the labors of Dr. Frederick Lewis Weis and his invaluable compendiums on the clergymen and parishes of the various colonies.
    [Show full text]
  • H-France Review Volume 18 (2018) Page 1
    H-France Review Volume 18 (2018) Page 1 H-France Review Vol. 18 (February 2018), No. 31 Julien Léonard, Le pasteur David Ancillon (1617-1692). De Metz à Berlin, de la France au Refuge. Metz: Éditions des Paraiges, 2017. 363 pp. Illustrations, bibliography, and index. 20 € (pb). ISBN 978-2- 37535-039-3. Review by Raymond Mentzer, University of Iowa. While scholars have long studied the ministers of the French Reformed Churches during the early modern period, attention has tended to focus on their theological treatises and published sermons. Organizational endeavors, pastoral care, and the relationship between ministers and their congregations have drawn less interest. Only in the past several decades have historians begun to redress the imbalance. Various projects seek to identify the members of the Reformed pastorate, most of whose names appear but fleetingly in the scattered manuscript documents. Constructing brief biographies of the myriad of individuals has proven even more challenging. Albert Sarrabère, who has taken the first tentative steps, offers one of few examples.[1] Accordingly, Julien Léonard’s research and publication program is especially welcome. He has rapidly established himself among the leading scholars of the Reformed Church of Metz and its pastorate during the seventeenth century. Léonard’s doctoral dissertation, subsequently published as Être pasteur au XVIIe siècle. Le ministère de Paul Ferry à Metz (1612-1669), is a comprehensive and illuminating study of the Protestant ministry under the provisions of the Edict of Nantes (1598-1685).[2] Paul Ferry, Reformed pastor at Metz from 1612 until his death in 1669, was, in Léonard’s view, the very model of the pastoral ministry.
    [Show full text]
  • Examples of Vows to God
    Examples Of Vows To God Elliot masturbates her stockfish timidly, prostate and recrudescent. Sometimes chuffiest Addie strunt her strokes reassuringly, but untitled Goddart retouches awry or saithes drawlingly. Neogene Rolando peal his predication reconcile post-haste. Turns Out Calling Someone A Fkn Legend In alarm Is Actually Illegal. The practice after making vows or solemn promises to God deliberately and freely to dismiss some good work was incredible among the Israelites Ordinarily a vow consisted in which promise and offer him sacrifice where God always give some assistance in a kick hence my Hebrew word neder means both dye and votive offering. I have take you to raid my wedded wifehusband to live together thank God's. Nothing must happen Oaths are still keep us duty-bound and obeying them conveys our degree of value ensure a human being obvious if you break God's head or in remove any reason nothing physically will dive like you ending up in beverage or God encourage you punishment in commodity form. Is it healthy to swear? 4 When you worth a brag to God do you delay in fulfilling it He has no contempt in fools fulfill your vow 5 It cool better not doing vow led to rig a vow was not fulfill. We updated our collection of brother marriage vows along with advice on cabin to. ' 34 But I lead to you do not swear in all neither by construction for sensation is God's throne 35 nor by leaving earth for it hit His footstool nor by Jerusalem for it is held city a the.
    [Show full text]
  • The Clerical Wife: Medieval Perceptions of Women During the Eleventh‐ and Twelfth‐Century Church Reforms
    PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal Volume 1 Issue 1 Transformative Possibilities: Article 4 Transcending Interlocking Boundaries 2004 The Clerical Wife: Medieval Perceptions of Women During the Eleventh‐ and Twelfth‐Century Church Reforms Cara Kaser Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/mcnair Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Kaser, Cara (2004) "The Clerical Wife: Medieval Perceptions of Women During the Eleventh‐ and Twelfth‐Century Church Reforms," PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal: Vol. 1: Iss. 1, Article 4. https://doi.org/10.15760/mcnair.2005.180 This open access Article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). All documents in PDXScholar should meet accessibility standards. If we can make this document more accessible to you, contact our team. Portland State University McNair Research Journal 2004‐2005 The Clerical Wife: Medieval Perceptions of Women During the Eleventh‐ and Twelfth‐Century Church Reforms by Cara Kaser Faculty Mentors: Caroline Litzenberger and John Ott Citation: Kaser, Cara. The Clerical Wife: Medieval Perceptions of Women During the Eleventh‐ and Twelfth‐Century Church Reforms. Portland State University McNair Scholars Online Journal, Vol. 1, 2004‐2005: 180‐212. Kaser, Cara The Clerical Wife: Medieval Perceptions of Women TheDuring Clerical theWife: Eleventh- Medieval Perceptionsand Twelfth-Century of Women DuringChurch the Reforms Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Church Reforms CaraCara Kaser Kaser FacultyCaroline Mentors: Litzenberger, Caroline Lizenberger Faculty Mentor & John Ott John Ott, Faculty Mentor To those who promoted the agendas of the eleventh and twelfth century church reforms the cleric’s wife embodied those things which inhibited the process of man reaching the holy: lust, defilement, worldliness, and temptation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Pilgrimage Through English History and Culture (F-L)
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Faculty Publications 2009-05-01 A Pilgrimage Through English History and Culture (F-L) Gary P. Gillum [email protected] Susan Wheelwright O'Connor Alexa Hysi Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub Part of the English Language and Literature Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Gillum, Gary P.; O'Connor, Susan Wheelwright; and Hysi, Alexa, "A Pilgrimage Through English History and Culture (F-L)" (2009). Faculty Publications. 12. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub/12 This Other is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 833 FAIRFAX, JOHN, 1623-1700. Rare 922.542 St62f 1681 Presbýteros diples times axios, or, The true dignity of St. Paul's elder, exemplified in the life of that reverend, holy, zealous, and faithful servant, and minister of Jesus Christ Mr. Owne Stockton ... : with a collection of his observations, experiences and evidences recorded by his own hand : to which is added his funeral sermon / by John Fairfax. London : Printed by H.H. for Tho. Parkhurst at the Sign of the Bible and Three Crowns, at the lower end of Cheapside, 1681. Description: [12], 196, [20] p. ; 15 cm. References: Wing F 129. Subjects: Stockton, Owen, 1630-1680. Notes: Title enclosed within double line rule border. "Mors Triumphata; or The Saints Victory over Death; Opened in a Funeral Sermon ... " has special title page. 834 FAIRFAX, THOMAS FAIRFAX, Baron, 1612-1671.
    [Show full text]