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Towards Understanding the Phylogenetic History of Hydrozoa: Hypothesis Testing with 18S Gene Sequence Data*
SCI. MAR., 64 (Supl. 1): 5-22 SCIENTIA MARINA 2000 TRENDS IN HYDROZOAN BIOLOGY - IV. C.E. MILLS, F. BOERO, A. MIGOTTO and J.M. GILI (eds.) Towards understanding the phylogenetic history of Hydrozoa: Hypothesis testing with 18S gene sequence data* A. G. COLLINS Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA SUMMARY: Although systematic treatments of Hydrozoa have been notoriously difficult, a great deal of useful informa- tion on morphologies and life histories has steadily accumulated. From the assimilation of this information, numerous hypotheses of the phylogenetic relationships of the major groups of Hydrozoa have been offered. Here I evaluate these hypotheses using the complete sequence of the 18S gene for 35 hydrozoan species. New 18S sequences for 31 hydrozoans, 6 scyphozoans, one cubozoan, and one anthozoan are reported. Parsimony analyses of two datasets that include the new 18S sequences are used to assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of a list of phylogenetic hypotheses that deal with Hydro- zoa. Alternative measures of tree optimality, minimum evolution and maximum likelihood, are used to evaluate the relia- bility of the parsimony analyses. Hydrozoa appears to be composed of two clades, herein called Trachylina and Hydroidolina. Trachylina consists of Limnomedusae, Narcomedusae, and Trachymedusae. Narcomedusae is not likely to be the basal group of Trachylina, but is instead derived directly from within Trachymedusae. This implies the secondary gain of a polyp stage. Hydroidolina consists of Capitata, Filifera, Hydridae, Leptomedusae, and Siphonophora. “Anthomedusae” may not form a monophyletic grouping. However, the relationships among the hydroidolinan groups are difficult to resolve with the present set of data. -
CORE Arrigoni Et Al Millepora.Docx Click Here To
An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea Item Type Article Authors Arrigoni, Roberto; Maggioni, Davide; Montano, Simone; Hoeksema, Bert W.; Seveso, Davide; Shlesinger, Tom; Terraneo, Tullia Isotta; Tietbohl, Matthew; Berumen, Michael L. Citation Arrigoni R, Maggioni D, Montano S, Hoeksema BW, Seveso D, et al. (2018) An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea. Coral Reefs. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-01739-8. Eprint version Post-print DOI 10.1007/s00338-018-01739-8 Publisher Springer Nature Journal Coral Reefs Rights Archived with thanks to Coral Reefs Download date 05/10/2021 19:48:14 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10754/629424 Manuscript Click here to access/download;Manuscript;CORE Arrigoni et al Millepora.docx Click here to view linked References 1 2 3 4 1 An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea 5 6 2 7 8 3 Roberto Arrigoni1, Davide Maggioni2,3, Simone Montano2,3, Bert W. Hoeksema4, Davide Seveso2,3, Tom Shlesinger5, 9 10 4 Tullia Isotta Terraneo1,6, Matthew D. Tietbohl1, Michael L. Berumen1 11 12 5 13 14 6 Corresponding author: Roberto Arrigoni, [email protected] 15 16 7 1Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah 17 18 8 University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia 19 20 9 2Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e del Territorio (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza 21 22 10 della Scienza 1, Milano 20126, Italy 23 24 11 3Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, Faafu Magoodhoo 12030, Republic of the Maldives 25 26 12 4Taxonomy and Systematics Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. -
Volume 2. Animals
AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. -
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber ......................................................................... -
(Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae) and the Use of 16S Rdna Sequences for Unpuzzling Systematic Relationships in Hydrozoa*
SCI. MAR., 64 (Supl. 1): 117-122 SCIENTIA MARINA 2000 TRENDS IN HYDROZOAN BIOLOGY - IV. C.E. MILLS, F. BOERO, A. MIGOTTO and J.M. GILI (eds.) Sarsia marii n. sp. (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae) and the use of 16S rDNA sequences for unpuzzling systematic relationships in Hydrozoa* BERND SCHIERWATER1,2 and ANDREA ENDER1 1Zoologisches Institut der J. W. Goethe-Universität, Siesmayerstr. 70, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany, E-mail: [email protected] 2JTZ, Ecology and Evolution, Ti Ho Hannover, Bünteweg 17d, D-30559 Hannover, Germany. SUMMARY: A new hydrozoan species, Sarsia marii, is described by using morphological and molecular characters. Both morphological and 16S rDNA data place the new species together with other Sarsia species near the base of a clade that developed‚ “walking” tentacles in the medusa stage. The molecular data also suggest that the family Cladonematidae (Cladonema, Eleutheria, Staurocladia) is monophyletic. The taxonomic embedding of Sarsia marii n. sp. demonstrates the usefulness of 16S rDNA sequences for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships in Hydrozoa. Key words: Sarsia marii n. sp., Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Corynidae, 16S rDNA, systematics, phylogeny. INTRODUCTION Cracraft, 1991; Schierwater et al., 1994; Swofford et al., 1996). Nevertheless molecular data are especial- Molecular data and parsimony analysis have ly useful or even indispensable in groups where become powerful tools for the study of phylogenet- other characters, like morphological data, are limit- ic relationships among extant animal taxa. In partic- ed or hard to interpret. ular, DNA sequence data have added important and One classical problem to animal phylogeny is the surprising information on the phylogenetic relation- evolution of cnidarians and the groups therein ships at almost all taxonomic levels in a variety of (Hyman, 1940; Brusca and Brusca, 1990; Bridge et animal groups (for references see Avise, 1994; al., 1992, 1995; Schuchert, 1993; Schierwater, 1994; DeSalle and Schierwater, 1998). -
Teissiera Polypofera: First Record of the Genus Teissiera (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) in the Atlantic Ocean
An Acad Bras Cienc (2021) 93(3): e20191437 DOI 10.1590/0001-3765202120191437 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências | Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences Printed ISSN 0001-3765 I Online ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc | www.fb.com/aabcjournal ECOSYSTEMS Teissiera polypofera: first record Running title: FIRST RECORD OF of the genus Teissiera (Hydrozoa: Teissiera polypofera IN ATLANTIC OCEAN Anthoathecata) in the Atlantic Ocean Academy Section: ECOSYSTEMS EVERTON G. TOSETTO, SIGRID NEUMANN-LEITÃO, ARNAUD BERTRAND & MIODELI NOGUEIRA-JÚNIOR e20191437 Abstract: Specimens of Teissiera polypofera Xu, Huang & Chen, 1991 were found in waters off the northeast Brazilian coast between 8.858°S, 34.809°W and 9.005°S, 34.805°W and 93 56 to 717 m depth. The genus can be distinguished from other anthomedusae by the (3) two opposite tentacles with cnidophores and four exumbrellar cnidocyst pouches with 93(3) ocelli. Specimens were assigned to Teissiera polypofera due to the long and narrow manubrium transposing bell opening and polyp buds with medusoid buds on it, issuing DOI from the base of manubrium. This study represents the first record of the genus in the 10.1590/0001-3765202120191437 Atlantic Ocean. Key words: Jellyfish, cnidaria, taxonomy, biodiversity. INTRODUCTION four or none pouches and two, four or none marginal tentacles (Bouillon et al. 2004, 2006). The presence of stinging pedicellate and Distinction between Teissieridae and contractile cnidocysts buttons on marginal Zancleidae was primarily based on morphology tentacles, named cnidophores, is a distinctive of the clearly distinct hydroid stages. The character among Anthoathecata hydromedusae former with polymorphic colony and incrusting (Bouillon et al. -
Sex, Polyps, and Medusae: Determination and Maintenance of Sex in Cnidarians†
e Reviewl Article Sex, Polyps, and Medusae: Determination and maintenance of sex in cnidarians† Runningc Head: Sex determination in Cnidaria 1* 1* i Stefan Siebert and Celina E. Juliano 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA t 95616, USA *Correspondence may be addressed to [email protected] or [email protected] r Abbreviations:GSC, germ line stem cell; ISC, interstitial stem cell. A Keywords:hermaphrodite, gonochorism, Hydra, Hydractinia, Clytia Funding: NIH NIA 1K01AG044435-01A1, UC Davis Start Up Funds Quote:Our ability to unravel the mechanisms of sex determination in a broad array of cnidariansd requires a better understanding of the cell lineage that gives rise to germ cells. e †This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which t may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: [10.1002/mrd.22690] p e Received 8 April 2016; Revised 9 August 2016; Accepted 10 August 2016 c Molecular Reproduction & Development This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved DOI 10.1002/mrd.22690 c This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved A e l Abstract Mechanisms of sex determination vary greatly among animals. Here we survey c what is known in Cnidaria, the clade that forms the sister group to Bilateria and shows a broad array of sexual strategies and sexual plasticity. This observed diversity makes Cnidariai a well-suited taxon for the study of the evolution of sex determination, as closely related species can have different mechanisms, which allows for comparative studies.t In this review, we survey the extensive descriptive data on sexual systems (e.g. -
Hydroids of New Caledonia from Literature Study Nicole GRAV/ER-BONNET Universite De La Reunion, Faculre Des Sciences Et Technologies, /5 Av
Hydroids of New Caledonia from literature study Nicole GRAV/ER-BONNET Universite de La Reunion, Faculre des Sciences et Technologies, /5 Av. Rene Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint-Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Reunion Nicole.garnier-Bonnet@univ-reunioJr Introduction From a brief survey of the literature, it appears that until now only two articles were published dur ing the last century by specialists that are dealing with New Caledonian hydroids. The first was by Redier (1966). From samples collected by Yves Plessis, he described 25 species (including 5 vari eties), all already known. Most of them were from the littoral zone and were collected at low tide; a few were from deeper waters (to 40 m depth). The second article was published later on by Vervoort (1993) who studied representatives of the family Sertulariidae in several collections of the Natural History Museum of Paris. The specimens mostly originated from the following oceanographic cruis es: Biocal (1985), Lagon (1984, 1985 and 1989), Musorstom 4 (1985), Chalcal 2 (1986), Biogeocal (1988), Smib 2 (1986), 4 and 5 (1989) and 6 (1990), with two additional sites, a station of the "Vauban" (1978) and a dive of H. Zibrowius (1989). Vervoort recorded 57 species of which 39 were new to Science. Most of the biological material from these cruises came from deep water: only 6 sta tions were from depths between 28 and 57m, and 77 were from a greater depth (125-860m). More recently, Laboute & Richer de Forges (2004) published a book illustrating the high biodiversi ty ofNew Caledonia with many in situ photographs ofmarine plants and animals. -
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THE ROLE OF FRANCE IN WILDLIFE TRADE AN ANALYSIS OF CITES TRADE AND SEIZURE DATA Joint report with About WWF WWF is one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations, with over 5 million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries. WWF’s mission is to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature, by conserving the world’s biological diversity, ensuring that the use of renewable natural resources is sustainable, and promoting the reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption. Since 1973, WWF France has worked on a constant stream of projects to provide future generations with a living planet. With the support of its volunteers and 220,000 donators, WWF France leads concrete actions to safeguard natural environments and their species, ensure promotion of sustainable ways of life, train decision-makers, engage with businesses to reduce their ecological footprint and educate young people. The only way to implement true change is to respect everyone in the process. That is why dialogue and action are keystones for the WWF philosophy. The navigator Isabelle Autissier has been President of WWF France since December 2009, and Véronique Andrieux was named Chief Executive Officer in 2019. To learn more about our projects and actions, go to: http://projets.wwf.fr Together possible About TRAFFIC TRAFFIC is a leading non-governmental organisation working globally on trade in wild animals and plants in the context of both biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. www.traffic.org Contact TRAFFIC Europe: [email protected] Publication date 2021 Suggested citation Shiraishi H., Escot L., Kecse-Nagy K. -
Observations on the White Sea Hydroid, Sarsia Producta (Wright, 1858) (Hydrozoa: Athecata)
OBSERVATIONS ON THE WHITE SEA HYDROID, SARSIA PRODUCTA (WRIGHT, 1858) (HYDROZOA: ATHECATA) DMITRI ORLOV ORLOV, DMITRI 1996 12 16. Observations on the White Sea hydroid, Sarsia producta (WRIGHT, SARSIA 1858) (Hydrozoa, Athecata). – Sarsia 81:329-338. Bergen. ISSN 0036-4827. Polyps of the White Sea hydroid Sarsia producta were collected, described and figured, in order to gain new insight into its ecology, morphology, colonial structure, and behaviour. Specific modes of feeding behaviour were observed on hydroids in situ, and their diet was examined. The diet of Sarsia producta is diverse and based on a wide range of items from different systems: dead organic matter, settled on the substrate or suspended in the water, phytoplankton and zooplankton, and epibenthic animals and algae. Successful capture of such a variety of food items is achieved by the particular feeding movements of the flexible body, well co-ordinated with the movements of hypostome and capitate tentacles. In total, these movements create a complicated feeding behaviour unusual among hydroids. Dmitri Orlov, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Vorobiovi Gori, Moscow 119899 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] KEYWORDS: behaviour; feeding strategy; hydroid; Sarsia producta. INTRODUCTION Colonial hydroids of the genus Sarsia LESSON are reported 1862; HARTLAUB 1895; WEST 1974). The reports from to grow on various substrata in different areas. Thus, Sarsia different areas describe the polyps of S. producta to vary japonica (NAGAO) from Japanese waters live in 3-5 m slightly in proportions, distribution and number of depth on submerged bamboo, shells of Mytilus sp., the tentacles, location of medusa-buds on the polyp, and red alga Hypnea sp., bare rocks, and polychaete tubes colonial structure (HINCKS 1862,1868; HARTLAUB 1895; (KUBOTA & TAKASHIMA, 1992). -
Revue Suisse De Zoologie SCHUCHERT, Peter. The
Revue suisse de Zoologie s W i s s J o u R N A l o F Z o o l o g Y tome 117, fascicule 3, septembre 2010 Pages Schuchert, Peter. The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) : Capitata Part 2 ........................................................................................ 337-555 Revue suisse de Zoologie s W i s s J o u R N A l o F Z o o l o g Y tome 117, fascicule 3, septembre 2010 Résumés The european athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) : Capitata Part 2 Peter SCHUCHERT, Muséum d’histoire naturelle, CP 6434, CH-1211 Genève 6, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] The european athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) : Capitata Part 2. - This study concludes the series of reviews on European athecate hydroids and anthomedusae, providing updated classifications, descriptions, and illustrations of all species. The present work mainly treats the remaining capitate families, but taxonomic comments and updates on some filiferan taxa are also given. The genus name Russellia Kramp, 1957 is preoccupied and the new name Heterotentacula n. gen. and the family level name Heterotentaculidae n. fam. are proposed to replace them. Janiopsis Bouillon, 1980 is also a preoccupied genus name. No replacement name is necessary as Janiopsis is regarded as congeneric with Merga Hartlaub, 1914. The frequently used genus name Heterotiara Maas, 1905 is invalid and must be replaced by Protiaropsis Stechow, 1919. Tubularia ralphi Bale, 1884, Tubularia gracilis von Lendenfeld, 1885, Tubularia australis Stechow, 1924, and Tubularia warreni Ewer, 1953 are all recognized as new synonyms of Ectopleura crocea (L. -
A New and Presumably Now Extinct Species of Millepora (Hydrozoa) in the Eastern Pacific
A new and presumably now extinct species of Millepora (Hydrozoa) in the eastern Pacific W.H. de Weerdt & P.W. Glynn Weerdt, W.H. de & P.W. Glynn. A new and presumably now extinct species of Millepora (Hydrozoa) in the eastern Pacific. Zool. Med. Leiden 65 (20), 24.xiU991:267-276, figs. 1-7.— ISSN 0024-0672. Key words: Millepora; Hydrozoa; new species; extinction; East Pacific. A new species of hydrocoral, Millepora boschmai, is described from the Gulf of Chiriquf, Pacific Panama. This species was first found in the early 1970's, but it has disappeared from this area as a result of the severe 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. Because the species has never been encountered outside the Gulf of Chiriquf, it is assumed that it was endemic to this area and that its disappearance marks an extinction event, representing the first documented case of a modern extinction of a tropical marine organism due to natural causes. W.H. de Weerdt, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 20560, US.A. Present address: Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum), P.O. Box 4766,1009 AT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. P.W. Glynn, Division of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149-1098, U.S.A. Introduction The presence of the hydrocoral genus Millepora Linnaeus, 1758 (Hydrozoa, Coe- lenterata) in the eastern Pacific was unknown until the early 1970's when one of us (PWG) found three species in the Gulf of Chiriqui, Pacific Panama (Glynn, 1972; Glynn et al., 1972; Porter, 1972): Millepora intricata Milne Edwards, 1857, Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 and a third, still undescribed species.