LTHE AMER CA EGI R GOD AND December 1991 Two Dollars

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Wishing You The Warmth And Joy DfThLHnlidays CANADA AT ITS BEST The Magazine for a Strong America Vol. 131, No. 6 December 1991

A R T 1 C L. E s

HOWTO KEEP YOUR CREATIVE EDGE

Thepower ofnew ideas is withinyour reach. By Fran McGovem 14

THE WRITE STUFF

Meet Tom Clancy, master ofthe hi-tech thriller. 18

THE HUNT FOR U.S. SUBS

Whafs the next stepforAmerica'sfleet? ByEricBeaudan 18

TRAFFIC STOPPERS

Cars that makeyour heart race. By Robert McGarvey 20

THE SPYWHO WATCHED PEARL HARBOR

Counting the ships andplanes atPearl was easy. ByJames Gannon 22

A CHRISTMAS CHILD

Fate, luck, and the baby who needed both. By Edward R. Crews 24

THE CASE FOR ORPHAN DRUGS

Encouraging curesfor rare diseases. By RobertA. Hamilton 26

FINDING JOBS FOR NEW VETS An interview with Thomas E. Collins. 30 20 UNDERSTANDING VA'S RATING SYSTEM Rules ofthe gamefor settling a claim. 34

VA BUDGET

National CommanderDiFrancescofightsfor a better VA budget. 38

D E T S

BIG ISSUES Should Congress Approve The Space Exploration Initiative? 10

VETVOICE 4 VETERANS UPDATE 28 PARTING SHOTS 56

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 8 LEGION NEWS 40

WASHINGTON WATCH 12 VETNET 42

COVER A Christmas Child. Photo by Comstock.

The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is publistied

monthily by Thie American Legion for its 3.1 million members. These military-service veterans, working thirougti 16,000 community-level posts, dedicate thiemselves to God and country and traditional Amer- ican values; strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

DECEMBER 1991 1 .

la The FOR GOD AND COUNTRY

700 N. Pennsylvania St. P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 Non-Surgical 317-635-8411 National Commander Dominic D. DiFrancesco

Publisher/Editor-in-Chief Solution Daniel S. Wheeler Editor John Greenwald Managing Editor For Impotence Miles Z. Epstein Associate Editor Raymond H. IMahon effective and safe, And no treatment has proven to be Simple, Assistant Editors ErecAid System® can put safer in over 15 years of use. Ken Scharnberg, David E. Nixon impotence in your past with- ErecAid System is medically T. Douglas Donaldson out the risk and expense of surgery approved and available with a Art Director Simon Smith or drugs. An excellent first step, prescription for under S400. When Art Assistant ErecAid System may be the only medically necessary, ErecAid Ann Reeder step you will ever have to take. System is approved for reimburse- Photojournalist ment by some Medicare and com- John E. Simon A SIMPLE NATURAL-LIKE mercial insurance carriers. Production Manager EFFECTIVE METHOD, AND William L. Poff For more information call SAFE ErecAid System mimics the Administration our Toil-Free Information Line natural process more closely than Kathy Ferrer, Joan L. Berzins 1-800-438-8592 -U.S. any other technique and can end Advertising Director 1-800-356-4676 Canada the worry of impotence. Thou- - Donald B. Thomson sands of users have found the Osbon Medical Systems Advertising Assistants Osbon Technique of vacuum ther- P.O. Drawer 1478, Dept. 20 Diane Andretti, Robyn Black The American Legion Magazine apy greater than effective. Augusta, GA 30903 90% P.O. Box 7068 Indianapolis, IN 46207 317-635-8411 Publisher's Representatives Fox Associates, Inc. Chicago: 31 2-644-3888 ErecAid Systerrf New York: 212-725-2106 Los Angeles: 21 3-487-5630 Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 by Osbon Atlanta: 404-252-0968 San Francisco: 415-989-5804 The American Legion Magazine Commission The leading choicefor impotence management Mllford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; George G. Sinopoli, Vice Chairman, Fresno, CA; James R. Kelley, National Commander's Representative, Wayne, PA; James D. Baker, Tulsa, OK; George F. Ballard, Belleville, IL; Sam Barney, Lancaster, OH; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY; Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, South Bend, IN; James W. Conway, Charlestown, MA; Lincoln Cox, Kirby, WV; Orval E. Faubus, Conway, AR; James H. Hall, Hopewell, NJ; Halbert G. Horton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens, Beardsly, MN; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; James V. Kissner, Palatine, IL; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, lA; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; J.H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Everett G. Shepard, III, Woodstock, CT; Paul T. Woodard, Lacey, WA; Neal L. Thomas Jr., Consultant, Colorado Springs, CO.

Copyright 1991 by The American Legion

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late '80s and I grew up watching and Pearl Harbor listening to all this "so-called trash and With Pride In reply to the "Sound Off question: filth." But you don't see me out selling It is with much pride and gratitude Should Japanese officials be invited to drugs, hanging out on the streets or that we have enjoyed the September celebrations of the 50th anniversary of getting into any kind of trouble. issue of The American Legion Mag- Pearl Harbor?— I say hell no.

I didn't go to Desert Storm and fight azine. We felt it was such an important And as to the question, it is worded just to come back so someone like Mr. treatise of the World War II period that wrong. This should be a memorial, not

Medved can tell me what I can and we made an effort to make it available to a celebration of a sneak attack that can't watch or listen to. I happen to our high school history classes. killed so many of our service personnel. enjoy today's movies and popular Today we delivered several copies to William G. Zinkil music. As for the movie industry the Mattoon Senior High School his- Hollywood, Fla.

influencing and changing our society, I tory teachers and the school library so think the movie and music industries that they will have this excellent report What celebration? It may be a celebra- are more influenced by the world of the actions of the United States tion for them. It is an observance and around them. They portray what they during World War 11. The American commemoration for us. Of course we see in America today. Legion Magazine should be used by might celebrate that we are still alive In case you haven't looked around our students as an educational tool. after that sneak attack. lately, America is not quite up to stan- W. F. Kohnle dard these days. Instead of pointing the Delray Beach, Fla. finger at the entertainment industry, VETVOICE why don't you point it at the politicians I think it is a wrong and an affront to refuse to who do anything about our all the men who fought and died, espe- drug problem, our WE WANTYOUR OPINIONS homeless and the cially those men who died on Dec. 7. I crime rate in America. You can contact The American further believe the Japanese aim of Perhaps if parents would listen more Legion Magazine two ways. Call world domination hasn't changed, just often to what their kids are us at: saying, we their methods. If they can't do it with might have less teen-age 1-900-28-VOICE pregnancies firepower, they'll do it with the dollar. and fewer drug addicts. to record your opinion, vote on current Bruce King Mr. Medved, I don't really think you issues and listen to the opinions of Goshen, Ohio want to blame all of society's problems others. Calls cost $1 per minute and on movies and music. I grew up watch- proceeds support Legion programs. I think we should invite the Japanese ing and listening to the worst of them An editor of the magazine will listen to envoys to the services commemorating and here I am serving my country and your message. Callers' opinions are the 50th anniversary of the attack on doing it proudly. About the only intelli- considered for publication and receive Pearl Harbor because it's been 50 gent statement in your article said, a symbol when published. years, and the Japanese are more or less "Expanded censorship is not the Or you can write to: allies of ours, just like the Germans. I answer, and attempts in that direction The American Legion Magazine don't see why we have any difference will prove counter-productive." P.O. Box 1055 there. People like myself will always be Indianapolis, IN 46206 Q Wilber Earnest Beck here to defend our rights to do and month, Oakwood, Ga. watch what we want. Each the magazine asks readers to vote voice their PFC Daniel Hopson, USA and opinions on two questions. This Reading commentaries in the news- Bamherf>, Germany month's questions: papers on the upcoming anniversary of Teen-agers and others should be Should Congress support space the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl given the message if you hit someone exploration? (See page 10.) Harbor leaves me in a quandary. on the head with violent force or shoot Do you believe the current U.S. sub- What kind of people do we have in them, death or serious neurological marine fleet adquately protects U.S. the State Department who seem more permanent injury will occur. Before interests worldwide? (See page 18.) concerned about the feelings of the 195(J, military films showed the sol- Please turn page

4 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The Clarifierf The hearing aid that automatically Finallv reduces background noise. The Miracle-Ear Clarifier has a filter system that reduces low-frequency a hearing aid that noise. So conversations are easier to hear, even in focuses on the things noisy situations. hear. The Clarifier also you want to adjusts automati- cally to the sounds Hearing a conversation over the around you. So you sounds of the ocean or a busy can go from a quiet conversation in restaurant is difficult with most one room into a noisy room without hearing aids. That's because they having to adjust your hearing aid. amplify all sounds, including bothersome background noise. But If you find yourself asking others not the Miracle-Ear* Clarifier.* to repeat themselves, or you're constantly turning up the TV or radio — it's time to find out more. For your FREE information book- let, mail the attached card or call:

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Japanese people than they are of our language. I attended public school drop back due to a lack of qualified war veterans? What of the feelings of shortly after arrival. During the buyers and Roberts is blaming Con- the survivors of the Death March of summer I attended a public class where gress. The fact is, commercial space Bataan? The POWs who were so badly English was taught to foreigners along was vastly overbuilt at inflated prices treated? The relatives of sons and with a touch of American history as and now with this recession there are daughters who never came back? well as the way of American life. By the fewer businesses with a need for more To this day the Japanese have never end of that summer my sister, two years commercial space. shown any remorse for all the suffering my junior, and I were able to converse My main point is this: Reducing cap- they caused in this country and in all well enough to manage a rapport the ital gains tax won't fix anything, any- the other countries they raped and pil- following school year with our Amer- more than the phony Reagan tax invest- laged in World War II ican peers. ment credit programs of the 1980s Remember Pearl Harbor. I firmly believe a bilingual public created any jobs. Real B. Whitmore education is not the answer. Further- Emerson Drake Windham, Conn. more, I strongly believe English should Hyde Park, N.Y. be legally established as the official I do not believe the Japanese should language. It would not be racist to do Right up there with gross misman- be there. I have relatives in the Arizona. so, if anything it would be American. agement and unsound legislation 1 was in the Second World War. I have Joseph P. Vidosic stands greed. not forgot Bataan or any other part of it. Cooperstown, N.Y. Nobody mentions it, and in the light Don Sorensen of the S&L scandal and BCCI scandal Chicago Economy where billions are involved, maybe my point seems small. But I see it as the Vigorous exception is taken to Paul Bilingual Craig Roberts' claim ("How Wash- perfect example of where our govern- Barrier stands ington Killed the Economy") that the ment today. The same Congress When I was stationed in Puerto Rico 1986 Federal Tax Act cost us $500 that voted tax raises to supposedly cut in 1941, bilingual education had been the budget deficit, tries stick it billion. The culprit was primarily that to to tried there. The comment I heard at that non-profit that cuts Reagan's 1981 tax sheltering act which groups, benefits to time was: Bilingual Education results in promoted uneconomic land develop- the needy and elderly, that ignores the students being illiterate in both lan- homeless the ment for investment-classed properties and hundreds of guages. thousands who have lost their jobs— and raised the price of land, which is Rodney K. Potter that same Congress voted themselves a the Last Agent in Production — an Hobart, Ind. axiom that economists and bankers raise in excess of $23,000 per year. The rest of the forgot or never knew when construction us— majority— are suppose I believe English should be the offi- and permanent loans were made for to pull in our belts and squeak by the cial language. But I also believe we best we can. Their utter disregard for total cost of all agents. should try to learn a little Spanish to their constituents or the budget, or their The 1986 act returned land use to the help those who have not learned responsibilities to the citizens of this sensible proportion of real estate values English yet. I strongly advocate the country tells that the extant before the 1946 act and six me only thing they teaching of Spanish, as well as English, care is others since. But land owners were about their own welfare. to all school children. I think this would Laurel misled by the earlier gimmickry to Johnson be in all of their best interests. Marysville, Kan. believe land prices can only rise. Land ^ Jay Frost development will be sound when Haleyville, Ala. entrepreneurial developers earn that title by taking all the risks and using Safe Wills substantial equity case of their own Concerning your article "Paper "Double Talk" and "Barriers of Bilin- rather than living upon the naivete of Chase" (October) keeping a record- gual Education" (October) cover the greedy money lenders. keeping list is a very good idea but as far

question of bilingualism very well. It is M. B. Hodges Jr. as Missouri is concerned wills should correct to claim that some language McLean, Va. be kept in a person's bank safe deposit assistance is necessary, but a bilingual box and not the "home security chest."

education is beyond the scope of neces- I am surprised that a person with 1 write many wills for people and I keep sity and, in my opinion, a likely disser- Paul Roberts' credentials would pre- copies, but they have the only signed

vice to the child because it postpones sent such a false picture. copy. The safe deposit box is the logical

the youth's integration in the American Any ordinary person knows that real place to look for it, where court clerks

way. estate has been greatly overpriced for would expect to find it.

I came to America approaching my several years because of the greed of Vance R. Frick 13th birthday. My situation was one of bankers, real estate brokers, contractors Attorney at Law absolute zero knowledge of the English and owners. Now we are seeing prices Kirksville, Mo.

6 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

50 YEARS AFTER WWII, THE MEMORIES ARE AS POWERFUL AS THE EVEHTS.

OWN THIS UNIQUE WORLD WAR II COMMmORATIVE SET WITH AN INTROOUaiON BY JAMES imiCHENER.

1 (OPERATOR The year was 1941 . Nazi air attacks pummeled Britain. Paris had CALL TOLL FREE: 800STAMP-24 760). fallen. And by year's end, the U.S. was launching the most powerful I 1

I I'd like the official 50th Anniversary Commemorative Set, fighting force the world had ever known. YES! WWII which includes 20 stamps and the companion book. Feel the drama and sense of purpose that galvanized our nation I set I Please send me set(s) at $15.95 per (includes postage and handling). 50 years ago, as captured by this exciting book and stamp set

Enclosed please find a check or money order (made payable to U.S. Postal Service 1 the first of five 50th Armiversary WWII Commemorative Sets to be for$ issued yearly by the U.S. Postal Service. Focusing on 1941 , this set Please bill my credit card : Card # includes two miniature sheets of a beautifully designed stamp issue MasterCard® DVISA* Expiration Date_ dedicated to ten of the most important events of the war that year. Signature And to bring these images to life, we commissioned a handsome I

U"x8V2" narrative volume with an introduction by I Name

James Michener and historic WWII photos. ' Address. Apt. #.

This very special collectible set City State- ZIP I lets you share our nation's memo- Information v/hich you provide will be protected and only disclosed in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974. ries of So call or return MAIL TO: WWII OFFER, US POSTAL SERVICE, WWII. now WAR15 9§& PO BOX 14326, ST PAUL MN 55 1 14-0328 the coupon to order while sets last. 36 use 380 WWII STAMPS AVAILABLE AT YOUR LOCAL POST OFFICE, COMMANDER^S MESSAGE

SLEEPLESS NIGHTS FOR OUR MISSING MEN

The woods are lovely, dark and deep unanswered on the issue of American But I have promises to keep, POW/MIAs. The United States, right- And miles to go before I sleep. fully so, has refused to deal with either And miles to go before I sleep. country officially until they account for "Stopping By Woods On A Snowy all of the American soldiers they held as Evening, " by Robert Frost POWs— until now. Why does it appear that the United awake some nights and States is rushing to restore diplomatic wonder about our missing relations with the Socialist Republic of nLIEmen, about the POW/ Vietnam and not with North Korea? MIAs who never came Have the Vietnamese been more forth- home from the Korean and coming? Or is there something that Vietnam wars. I think Vietnam has that North Korea doesn't? about their families, too. According to the American Petro- And I often wonder if any- leum Institute, the Socialist Republic of one else has sleepless Vietnam has oil reserves of 500 million nights as I do. barrels. Experts expect Vietnam to

Fellow Legionnaires, I know that emerge as a middle-ranking oil pro- many of you stay awake nights thinking ducer in the next 10 to 15 years. I could about our missing men. Many of you not find a significant oil-producing fought side by side in the heat of battle Nat'l Cmdr. Dominic D. DiFrancesco potential for North Korea. with loyal Americans who never came Are diplomatic ties with Vietnam home. As you do, I grieve for the ones Some 2,273 Americans still are con- more attractive— because of oil— than we lost and worry about American sol- sidered POW/MIAs in Southeast Asia. the nation's $198 per capita income diers who are still being held as pris- Their fate remains a mystery to a might suggest? Is it possible that we are oners of war. country with one of the world's most rushing into a relationship with Viet- Do we share a dream or a nightmare? sophisticated intelligence networks. nam to benefit the Free World's oil We share both. We share the dream Evidence comes to light on a regular reserves but at the terrible cost of aban- that one seemingly ordinary day, a live basis suggesting that Americans could doning our POWs? American POW will walk out of North still be held as POWs. The international Would our country sell out our Korea, Laos, Cambodia or Vietnam. community has failed to take this evi- POWs for oil? Absolutely not, because We share the nightmare that our leaders dence seriously. The American Legion and the Amer- are not trying hard enough to bring There are also over 8,000 U.S. POW/ ican people will never let this happen. them home. MIAs still missing in North Korea. The Here's what we have done to protect We must not allow our shared night- North Korean government has taken no American POW/MIAs. mare to become a reality. We must make acceptable actions to account for these At the 73rd National Convention, our government realize that as long as men and the United States has pledged The American Legion pledged to do the The American Legion is around, no not to renew ties until this is done. following: attempt to avoid the POW/MIA issue Like the Vietnamese, the North • To ensure that any evidence will succeed. Our government must Koreans have left a lot of questions relating to POWs and MIAs is given bring our people home. prompt and immediate consideration We will watch closely as the United by The Department of Defense. States moves towards re-establishing • To urge the President ofThe United diplomatic and economic ties with Viet- States to charge the Secretary of nam. If our country's attempt to forge Defense with the primary responsibility new relations with Vietnam is not of handling POW/MIA activities, handled properly, finding the truth eliminating involvement by the Defense about our POW/MIAs will become Intelligence Agency. impossible. We must not let this hap- • To urge that the Secretary of pen. Please turn to page 48

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SHOULD CONGRESS APPROVE THE SPACE EXPLORATION INITIATIVE?

Sen. Jake Gam, R-Utah Rep. Richard J. Durbin, D-lllinois

On May 25, 1961, Presi- In 1982, I served on the dent John F. Kennedy said, Committee on Science and "Now is the time to take YES NO Technology and supported, longer strides, time for a great new Amer- as I do now, the space program. It is vital ican enterprise, time for the nation to that the United States, as a leader in the take a clearly leading role in space world, invest in space, in research and in achievement, which in many ways may the future. hold the key to our future on earth." That But budget deficits and cost overruns speech inspired the nation, and led to our at NASA force us to take a hard look at proud and historic moment of landing on the moon. That not our space investment. We must consider the value of "small only rekindled our national pride, it led to a greater under- science" programs such as health research, which are critical standing of our universe. to our nation's future, but suffer because of insufficient Fortunately, President Kennedy was not dissuaded by the funding. It's time to invest in programs that are both cost- naysayers of that generation. Last July, President Bush also effective and potentially life-saving. shrugged aside the critics by declaring that the United States There are troubling signs in the space program. The Bush still has the capacity and need to continue our pursuit of administration has focused on big-ticket programs such as space exploration. He said we would return to the moon, the space station, with a price tag which has risen from $8 send a manned mission to Mars, and build the basis for our billion to $37 billion, and may ultimately reach $120 billion. expansion even further. The Moon-to-Mars Mission pushed by the Bush administra- While most people claim they support these initiatives, they tion has an estimated cost of $300-$400 billion. Many do an about face on the issue when it comes to committing believe we can achieve the same scientific goals through resources to the program. Critics decry the program as too robotic exploration and Earth-based research at a fraction of expensive. They are too short-sighted to realize that our costs the cost and risk. are investments in ouf future, and the benefits are innumerable. NASA's current and past administration of space programs It is true that further strain on the federal budget is not has proved costly and often ineffective. The Hubble Tele- welcome. But, for every dollar spent on space research, the scope project was originally estimated to cost $678 million. private sector receives eight or nine dollars in return. What Over budget and out of focus, the failure of this $1.6 billion other federal program can promise that kind of return on project has caused great concern even among NASA's your investment? supporters. Millions of Americans have benefited from the medical At this moment, the National Institutes of Health is con- and technological advancements of the space program. One sidering applications for research into treatments and cures of the more notable developments was the implantable and for cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's and other life- computer programmable heart pacerriaker. threatening illnesses. Three out of four of all the research If we were to launch a moon-Mars mission at the levels the grants which are approved by the National Institutes of President has requested, our budgetary commitment would Health go unfunded. The cost overrun projected for the space be modest, and would be directed toward very preliminary station alone could fund hundreds of health research grants. studies. I believe that even in these tight budgetary times, a Health research may not be as dramatic as astronauts soaring moon-Mars mission is possible. History proves that the count- in space, but I find more wonder in a child cured of a deadly less rewards are well worth our financial commitments. disease than the dark recesses of the heavens. If we want to continue to realize the benefits of our When you total all of the ambitious and expensive projects space program, we must continue to look ahead and to this administration has proposed, you find upward of half a devote our resources to fur- trillion dollars in spending. ther exploration. President If the American taxpayers VETVOICE 1-900-28-VOICE Bush's Space Exploration thought peace in the world Initiative rekindles our To voice your thoughts on anything in The American Legion Magazine, call meant an end to budgetary VETVOICE 1-900-28-VOICE. You can vote on current issues, receive a tally dedication to our nation's excesses of Pentagon con- that includes your vote, record your opinion, and hear opinions of others. future. It merits our sup- Calls cost $1 per minute and proceeds support Legion programs. tractors, they had their port. heads in the clouds.

10 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The Franklin Mint ORDER FORM Please mail by December 31, 1991. Franklin Center, Pennsylvania 19091 SIGNATURE ALL ORDERS ARE SUBJECT TO ACCEPTANCE. Yes, I want to take advantage of the unprecedented opportunity from Paramount Pictures to acquire the only authorized and fully MR/MRS/MISS- authenticated pewter replica of the Starship Enterprise." The PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY. reproduction is hand-cast in fine imported pewter, hand-chased ADDRESS APT. NO. and hand-rubbed to a classic patina, and accented with crystals and 24-karat gold, CITY/STATE/ZIP_ I need send no money now. I will be billed for my deposit of AF^ranx)umComntunicatkmsC(^paiiy 12135-168 $39.* prior to shipment and then in 4 equal monthly installments $39.* of each, after shipment. THIRTY-DAY RETURN ASSURANCE POLICY •Plus my state sales tax and a one-time charge of $3 tor shipping and handling If you wish to return any Franklin Mint purchase, you may do so within 30 days of your receipt of that purchase for replacement, Each replica of the Starship Enterprise is accompanied by a Certificate of credit or refund. Authenticity with Gene Roddenberry's signature. U.S. POWs In USSR Early Disarmament Congressional hearings into the fate President Bush is facing a revolt of the missing 2,273 servicemen in among his supporters over his handling Southeast Asia will likely feature explo- of U.S. -Soviet relations since the sive charges that Vietnam shipped attempted Soviet coup. Critics fault his scores of U.S. POWs to the Soviet announcement that the United States Union. The NBC program Unsolved will eliminate all tactical nuclear Mysteries has already aired a story on weapons at sea and on land in Europe this possibility. Although the claims are and Asia. They say he acted too quickly being denied by the Pentagon, several after the attempted coup, before it was former intelligence analysts said they clear who was in charge, and disre- saw evidence showing that American garded evidence that the Soviets are POWs with expertise in high technol- still increasing the power of their ogy, communications and intelligence strategic nuclear arsenal. The adminis- were sent to the Soviet Union from tration claims that the President's disar- Hanoi. mament initiative has inspired a favor- Adding fuel to the fire is the contro- able response from Moscow and could versial May 23, 1991, congressional lead to abolition of dangerously report, An Examination of U.S. Policy insecure and unstable Soviet tactical Toward POW/MIAs, conducted under nukes. the auspices of Sen. Jesse Helms of North Carolina. The report charges that Military Recruiters the United States has had a deliberate New York Gov. Mario Cuomo is its soldiers after "ATCH facing criticism about the operations of policy of abandoning wars. The report has been in great his state government. Chaos reigned and Cuomo himself balked when his demand, with tens of thousands of By CliffKincaid copies in circulation. state office of Lesbian and Gay Con- cerns issued an order barring military more damaging than Jimmy Carter's recruiters from the State University of In Combat Women embarrassing 1976 Playboy interview, New York because the Pentagon doesn't Advocates of women in combat are in which he said he lusted after women admit homosexuals as soldiers. An offi- on the defensive. They are nervous that in his heart. cial of the agency said he was merely a proposed congressional panel to Wilder' s interview touched on per- implementing Cuomo' s own executive investigate the issue will rule against sonal matters, some of which he was order forbidding discrimination against them because it will be composed uncomfortable discussing. Asked homosexuals, and an attorney for a gay mostly of male combat veterans. Mean- whether he would open the records on rights group said the order could be while, an October article in the Wall his 1978 divorce, in which his former applied to all campuses in the state Street Journal has sent Shockwaves wife allegedly charged "cruelty and system. But the university threatened through Congress with its figures on reasonable apprehension of bodily legal action and a Cuomo spokesman pregnancy rates on U.S. Navy ships. harm," Wilder wouldn't talk about it, said the order was unenforceable and The article described the USS except to say he did not request that the conflicted with state law. Whatever the Acadia, deployed during the Persian files be sealed. outcome, political observers say Gulf War, as the "Love Boat" because Also, feminists are likely to fault Cuomo will emerge a loser, having 36 women returned home pregnant Wilder's subsequent remark that offended veterans, homosexuals and from their tour. The paper disclosed former Virginia beauty queen Tai many others. that 16 percent of the 8,600 Navy Collins was "attractive" in her nude women on ship duty get pregnant each photo spread in the magazine. North vs. Congress year. Currently, the paper said, women If Wilder is attacked for his Playboy Ret. Col. Oliver North's Freedom make up 30 percent of the Navy's interview, he has a sure-fire counter- Alliance joined many other like- crews, a figure that will rise to 50 per- attack: President Bush's 1988 media minded groups in unsuccessfully trying cent in just five years. Opponents of adviser, Roger Ailes, was himself to remove Rep. Ron Dellums of women in combat are also expected to talking to Playboy about doing work for California from the House Intelligence emphasize that standards are being the magazine. Ailes' discussions, first Committee because of charges he was lowered throughout the military to revealed by New York magazine, were hostile to U.S. intelligence. Now that accommodate women. confirmed by Playboy, but Ailes refused the independent prosecutor has dis- to confirm or deny the report. Several missed all charges against him, North is The Playboy Image conservative leaders and publications expected to personally campaign As the campaign for President heats tried to discourage Ailes from associ- against candidates and use his syndi- up, look for Virginia Governor Douglas ating with the magazine, noting that a cated newspaper column as a mouth- Wilder to take heat for his controversial Playboy connection would harm his piece for his conservative views on a interview in Playboy last September. If anticipated role as chief media consul- wide range of issues. His autobiog- party rivals don't seize on it, expect tant for the President's re-election cam- raphy has also returned him to the conscrviilives to do so. Some say it is paign in 1992. national spotlight.

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with a case on your hands break the obvious ones, less obvious— but save it for a later session. Try only that just won't close ... or but potentially more inhibiting— this and you'll surprise yourself with a businessman faced with thinking ruts may also alter." exactly how creative you can be." shrinking sales and rising Brainstorming is a tactic suggested Incubation is favored by Eugene overhead ... or a com- by Thornburg but he doesn't mean an Raudsepp, president of Princeton Crea- munity leader who's tried intellectual free-for-all. "You can tive Research in New Jersey. "When a half-dozen ways to hike brainstorm in a group or by yourself," you're stuck for a solution, do some- Y citizen involvement, but he said. "But, either way, for thing else for a while so that the solu- nothing seems to work. What's tion to the first problem has time the solution? It's the same in to take shape and reach maturity," every instance: "You must think he said. creatively in today's fast- Raudsepp cites sewing changing world," said Northern machine inventor Elias Howe. California creativity teacher Dr. Howe had struggled for weeks David Thornburg. "Anytime with his design but still the nee- you're faced with a problem dles kept breaking until one night where the tried-and-true won't he dreamt he was being attacked work— whenever a new path is with spears with holes through needed— it's a job for creativity." the points. Just a nightmare? Dr. Roger von Oech, author of Maybe, but Howe tried moving A Whack on the Side of the Head, the needle's eye to the top instead said a common response is to of the traditional bottom place- "feel intimidated. Many people ment and his machine worked. think only an Einstein or a "Incubation happens subcon- Picasso is creative and we know sciously," Raudsepp said. So we're neither." That's not von when you're up against a ques- Oech's view. "Everybody can be tion that defies answering, go for creative, and in every job there's a walk, play with your kids or

room for more creativity. It could read a good book. On your be as simple as going beyond the return, you just may know first solution that presents itself exactly what to do. when you're wrestling with a Above all, heed von Oech's project and plowing ahead until advice and stick to your guns.

you have three more options. It "The only person who welcomes NEW WORLDS OF THOUGHT-They are possible feels good to have ideas. Creative change is a wet baby," von Oech if you breal( the ruies, brainstorm ideas and sticif thinking is fun. And there are to your guns. warned. "Most of the world many techniques for dramatically resists new ideas so you have to hiking creativity." be persistent and focused. Breaking your ruts is a tactic brainstorming to be effective, there "Learn to respect your ideas and suggested by Philadelphia consultant must be rules and the big one is— no fight for them when necessary. Many Judith Schuster, who said, "Conform- judging. We all do too much censoring people give up too soon when they ity, old habits, is the enemy of creativ- of new ideas before they can bloom. encounter resistance, but a chief differ- ity, which means thinking and doing We'll say, 'It'll never work,' but when ence between creative people and the new things. Wake up dormant brain we do that we bring our creative process rest of us is that they've mastered the art cells by taking a different route to to a screeching halt." of listening to ideas and respecting "Whenever you're facing a tough them. When they get a new idea, they

Fran McGovcrn is a Los Angeles-based problem, put aside a slot of time to let it flow and see where it takes them. free-lance journalist. let ideas come," said Thornburg. We can all learn to do this."

14 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE C 2 2 , 1

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With a new novel "The Sum of All Feors" on the charts and a new movie, "Patriot Games/ in the works, this former insurance agent isn't shy with his opinions—from world affairs to i-iollywood.

HE Tom Clancy story is almost as fascinating as will not play that role in the upcoming movie version of a Tom Clancy book. Before becoming a suc- Patriot Games, scheduled for release in late spring. Harrison cessful writer who has sold 30 million novels Ford will play Jack Ryan. A movie version of Clear and worldwide, he was an insurance agent in Present Danger is also in the works. southern Maryland. Although Clancy was pre- The book sales, movie rights and publicity have not turned vented from joining the service because of poor Clancy on to the Washington, D.C., social scene, even eyesight, he always has been interested in though he lives just 40 miles away. He still prefers the quiet writing about military affairs. He doesn't hesi- life of southern Maryland, where he purchased an expensive T tate to describe his novels as pro-military. home overlooking the Chesapeake Bay. In his first novel. The Huntfor Red October, Clancy chroni- Clancy, 44, enjoys his role as a father and a husband. In cled the dramatic defection of a Soviet submarine crew to the fact, his family commitments have put on hold any plans he United States. Published by the Naval Institute Press in 1984, may have had for public office. He also cherishes the time he it got rave reviews, including a very important one from spent with a young boy, named Kyle, who first lost his leg President Reagan. and then his life to cancer. When asked about the time he has All of his books have ranked No. 1 on the bestseller lists, devoted to the Make a Wish Foundation for sick children, he including Red Storm Rising, Patriot Games, The Cardinal of the showed a photograph of himself and Kyle smiling together in Kremlin, Clear and Present Danger, and his latest. The Sum of Disneyworld. Said Clancy, "I pushed all the buttons I could All Fears, also topped the bestseller list. And Forbes for him. There was just one button I couldn't push." magazine just rated Clancy as one of the highest paid enter- tainers in the world. American Legion Magazine: Do you think this latest The Sum of All Fears (Putnam, $24.95) is 798 pages but book, The Sum ofAll Fears, is your best? builds to what Publishers Weekly calls a "nail-biting finish." The hero, once again, is Clancy's main character, Jack Ryan. Tom Clancy: Yes, I do. It's the best writing I've done. And After reading this novel, Clancy readers are left wondering it's a subject that's important. what Ryan might do next. Clancy's novels are packed with military and technolog- Qb The Sum ofAll Fears revolves around international ical detail, and his latest warns that terrorists have access to a terrorists bringing the world to the brink of nuclear war virtual do-it-yourself kit for building a nuclear bomb. after detonating their own nuclear device at a Super Bowl Hollywood producers have lined up to make Clancy's game in Denver and killing tens of thousands. In the strong plots and exciting storylines into feature films. In the afterward to your book, you warn that, "a sufficiently hot movie version oVThe Hunt for Red October, Alec Baldwin wealthy individual could, over a period of from five to 10 starred as Jack Ryan. Due to prior commitments, Baldwin years, produce a multistage nuclear device." You say that

16 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "

delivery of such a device is cliild's play. How likely or HIGHLIGHT realistic do you think this scenario is? A I can't comment on the likelihood. In terms of realism, it's entirely realistic. I have a friend at Harvard who backed me up on the physics and there's only one thing that he was to find that's needed in the manufacture of a ther- monuclear device— the X-ray flux equations (the level of X- rays needed for a thermonuclear device). His latest book: "/f's the best writing I've ever You can derive those but he didn't really have the time or done. And ifs a subject ttiot's important." the inclination to do the derivations. There's a book coming out soon, a biography of Russian physicist and dissident The Persian Gulf War: 'We got a cripple Andrei Sakharov, that will publish the X-ray flux equations. instead ofa kill. I'd rattier go for a clean kill

Qb Do you think that book should be published? Middle East peace treaty: 7 wouldn't bet You know, the First Amendment and all that. The author A against George Busti on anything. The guy of the book didn't publish it in other countries; it might as well be published here. is just too damn good."

Qb Doesn't that make the kind of scenario that you Women in combat: "Maybe I'm enough of a outline in your book more likely to happen? chauvinist There are some things I don't Alt makes it a tiny bit easier for people. Does it make it think women should be exposed to and more likely? No, not really. combat operations are one of those things." Qa Do you think Saddam Hussein is the kind of indi- vidual who would have attempted what happened in your Admitting homosexuals into the military: book? "Bum around with some 82nd Airborne If he had one? I think he probably would have dropped guys and ask them what they think." A it on Israel. Please turn to page 49

DECEMBER 1991 17 -

The Soviet attack submarine

fleet still grows. But Congress looks ttie other way. A report on the controversy.

By Eric Beaudan

HE Soviet submarine navy, already tiie world's largest with more than 300 vessels, is moderniz- ing itself at a record pace. In 1990 alone, the Soviet Union commissioned 10 attack submarines, six of T which were nuclear pow- ered attack submarines (SSNs), and four diesel powered. Throughout the 1980s, the Soviets introduced three new classes of SSNs, the Mike, Sierra and Akula classes, along with two classes of cruise missile-carrying submarines, the Yankee and Oscar. In the United States, reduced defense spending and the shift of national secu- rity focus from the Soviet Union to less dangerous adversaries such as Iraq have led to a re-assessment of our SSN pro- gram. The only class of attack sub- marine under construction is the Los UNDER POWER Angeles "688" boat, which entered The Los Angeles service in 1 976. The procurement of the Class submarines next-generation SSN, the Seawolf Minneapolis-Saint (SSN 21), was halved in fiscal year Paul (above) and (in- 1 99 1 . Instead of building three Sea- Portsmouth wolfs per year from fiscal years 1992 to terior, left) cost just under $1 bill- 2000, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney ion. To stay ahead scaled the down procurement rate to of Soviet sub- 1 .5 per year. marine advances, The decision could lead to the clo- the next genera- sure of one of the only two shipyards tion of U.S. SSNs could per- responsible for SSN production in the cost 50 cent more. United States — General Dynamics' Electric Boat Division in Groton, Conn., or Newport News Shipbuilding

Eric Beaudan is a Toronto, Canada-based

writer who specializes in military ajfairs.

1 8 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a variety of missions in flicts, SSNs can also play a role if the the event of a superpower opposing nation has a potent navy or or Third World conflict. shore line. Submarines can enforce a The principal mission blockade, act as an electronic surveil- of U.S. SSNs is to lance platform, mine harbors or ship- counter the threat of ping channels and bring ashore and Soviet attack sub- extract special operations agents or marines. In a global con- commandos. flict, Soviet submarines To contend with the Soviet sub-

would attempt to disrupt marine threat as it was perceived in the the West's shdpping lanes early 1980s, the Reagan administration in the Atlantic and planned for the Navy to operate 100 Pacific and strike at U.S. nuclear attack submarines. About half carrier battle groups of that force would consist of Los operating worldwide. Angeles-class boats, and the remainder The U.S. Navy relies on primarily of Sturgeon, Permit and Skip- its fleet of SSNs, which jack SSNs commissioned in the 1960s are quieter and have and early 1970s. As those older vessels better sensors, to locate retired, the Seawolf would become and engage Soviet sub- operational and fill the void. marines before they would inflict substantial postponement of Seawolf pro- damage against commer- THEcurements has revived the debate cial and military vessels. over the type and number of attack Despite the dis- submarines the United States should solution of the Warsaw operate. Congressional and military Treaty Organization and leaders have argued that we should the definition of a new continue the procurement of improved self-defense role for the Los Angeles submarines and cancel the Soviet military, the con- Seawolf, whereas the Navy insists on tinued buildup of the keeping the Seawolf program alive. Soviet submarine navy The debate over the Seawolf stems warrants a cautious from both costs and performance. A posture on the part of the Los Angeles SSN costs ^900 million, United States. As state whereas current estimates place the Sen. Joseph Lieberman Seawolf between $1.2 and $1 .5 billion. of Massachusetts noted, Two Los Angeles boats were included "Who will govern this in the fiscal year 1991 budget to com- increasingly sophisti- pensate for the Seawolf delays, which cated fleet of Soviet will bring the total number of Los attack submarines in the Angeles SSNs to 63. To date, Congress years ahead is not cer- has allowed funding for only one Sea- tain. If anything, the wolf. Soviet SSN program Please turn to page 44 should make us skeptical because submarines can in Newport, Va. It could also undermine easily be turned into offensive weap- VETVOICE a crucial sinew of U.S. military power. ons." Nuclear attack submarines have not In addition to attack submarines, WHAT'S YOUR OPINION? played a major role in modern conflicts. the Soviet Union possesses a modern Do you believe the current U.S. The only visible action SSNs have seen fleet of ballistic-missile submarines submarine fleet adequately pro- are the sinking of the Argentine cruiser (SSBNs), whose known tactics are to tects U.S. interests worldwide? General Belgrano by a British boat hide under the Arctic ice and form a Call your opinion to 1-900-28- during the 1982 Falklands War, and the bastion defended by a handful of SSNs. VOICE. You can vote, listen to launch of two land-attack cruise mis- If given the order, those SSBNs would opinions of others and record your siles from U. S. SSNs against Iraq on the break through the ice to launch their own opinion. second week of the Gulf War. Nonethe- missiles against North American Calls cost $1 per minute and less, asserts naval expert Norman Pol- targets. Hunting those high-value proceeds support Legion pro- mar, "The submarine is the most impor- strategic assets was a specific objective grams. Opinions from the Vetvoice tant attack weapon in the U.S. Navy's of the U.S. maritime strategy under the line published in the magazine are arsenal." The submarine can operate in Reagan administration and could indicated with a symbol. waters where the United States does not remain so in the event of a superpower D have air superiority or where surface conflict. 1-900-28-VOICE ships would be vulnerable, and conduct In Third World or low intensity con-

DECEMBER 1991 19 Traffic Stoppers

You can hove the classic "Ford" or 'Terrari' to several automotive specialty maga- zines, agrees with Temple. "Many of your choice. Any yean Any model. quality replicars are infinitely more At half-price. TheyYe called replicars. driveable than the original," said Feibusch. "Often it's unfair to say these vehicles are excellent replicas. They're Temple, editor of Petersen's Kit Car, a great cars, period." By Robert McGarvey magazine for fans of the breed. "They Feibusch isn't exaggerating when he don't know what they're missing. There said a replicar can be a better drive than HIS is what driving is all have been huge changes in this busi- the original. That's because replicars about," said Neal Hardy ness. Today's replicars are sophisti- are built using state-of-the-art automo- as he pointed to his cated vehicles." tive technology, right down to fuel- gleaming red Allard, the A generation ago, replicars were efficient power plants that wear the legendary racing car made scorned because most were embarras- Environmental Protection Agency's famous on British and sing mismatches of a fiberglass Jaguar, seal of approval. U.S. tracks throughout the Model A or Packard body crammed on At Hardy Motors, the Allard is pow- '50s. "It's better in lots of a Volkswagen Beetle chassis. ered by a late-model, 350 cubic inch ways than a real Allard." No more. Sonny's Ferrari in the first Detroit-built engine and a companion You mean this sparkler is a fake? "Abso- years of Miami Vice was a replica and so transmission. lutely," said Hardy. "It's a replicar. Just was the Ferrari that starred in the Classic Motor Carriages' Porsche touch the body, it's fiberglass." movie, Ferris Bueller's Day Off. They Speedster provides all of the original's "Replicars trigger a massive gag aren't alone, either. Across the country, good looks plus vastly improved sus- reflex on the part of purists," said Steve dozens of manufacturers are churning pension, brakes and transmission. out replicars that "look great and drive At American Classics, its '57 Thun- Rohcrl McGarvey is a Los Anf^eles-hased better," assured Temple. derbird replica rolls out the factory door free-lance writer and frequent contributor Rick Feibusch, an expert on classic with air conditioning, power steering to this muf^azine. British cars and a contributing editor and power brakes. "There's no question

20 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE DISTINCTIVE — flepZ/car enthusiasts, such as the Pennsylvania Kit Car Club, tailor their auto to suit every personal preference, from color to engine size.

our replica is a better, more comfort- California Kit Car Club seconded that Leech, whose Grand Sport II costs able ride than the original," said Amer- motion: "It's almost impossible to be $45,000 and up, depending on cus- ican Classics' Joel Skjei. able to afford to drive a classic. Get into tomer specifications: "Our customers "Better still, if the car breaks down an accident with a Packard and it's could afford a genuine Corvette. Many on the road, just pull into the nearest irreplaceable. I've known owners of already own one. They come to us

gas station. Any mechanic can fix it. antiques who bought a replicar for daily because they don't want to pull up to That's not so with a classic and you also driving," said Hance. the stop light and see a mirror image in have real worries about finding parts for So, who buys replicars? Jerry the next lane. Our car is a personal a 25-year-old car. A quality replicar Lisewski of the Pennsylvania Kit Car statement. It's distinctive, unique." delivers the good looks of the original Club said, "They're men in their 40s, Nor are replicars just good looks and plus enhanced serviceability," Skjei 50s, or 60s. Replicars are the cars you driving comfort. They benefit from said. couldn't buy in your youth. Now you lightweight fiberglass and are also fast, have a little more income and you can sometimes blisteringly so. "High per- FUELING this upsurge of enthu- afford it, at least a replicar." Added Jeff Please turn to page 46 siasm for replicars is that most man- ufacturers now sell fully assembled, "turn-key" cars. Formerly, the buyer who wanted a '35 super-charged Auburn replica had to be willing and able to bang together a couple of hun- dred parts before he'd hear "varoom, varoom." Now a check for $46,000 will buy a complete, running replica from Elegant Motors. That's not cheap, but compared to the six- and seven-figure sums authentic classics currently fetch at auction, replicars are bargains. Even if the genuine articles aren't out of a buyer's economic reach, "driving one is inappropriate," said Jeff Leech, whose Mid-America Industries creates an updated version of the '62 Corvette. Vern Hance of the Northern

LITTLE JUICE C0UPE-IV;t/7 modern, modified engines, replicars— sucti as this Classic Roadsters' version of a 1966 Cobra— can top 200 mph.

DECEMBER 1991 21 THE SPY WHO WATCHED

Parfy-goer by night Tokyo. Yoshikawa was a trained naval ByJames Gannon intelligence officer with assignment to secret agent by day observe, evaluate, report— and avoid HE man from Tokyo, who Voshikowo didn't risk. was listed on the pas- He worked diligently on his cover— senger's list as Tadashi break laws. Counting and must have enjoyed the work, be- Morimura, arrived in Hon- cause in addition to the diplomatic olulu on March 27, 1941, planes and ships status and assumed name he played the aboard the liner Nitta at Pearl was easy role of a shiftless voluptuary. In his Maru. It had been a twenties, handsome, unattached, out- pleasant trip. He had too easy going, charming, with a good sense T occupied first class quar- of humor, Yoshikawa seemed well ••••••••••••••• ters and dined at the captain's table. suited for it. He ate out, drank, partied He did not disembark with and stayed up late, and the other passengers but, was a frequent visitor following instructions, at the Shuncho-ro teahouse waited in his cabin. Soon where he enjoyed the com- Vice Consul Otojiro Okuda pany of friendly geisha came for him, draped a lei girls. around his neck and He occupied private escorted him past customs quarters at the consulate, to the Honolulu consulate. making only brief appear- Pretty special treatment ances in the office. Nomi- for an apprentice diplomat nally, he handled the pro- on his first overseas assign- cessing of dual-nationality ment. But Morimura was Japanese, for which he no diplomat. He was not showed little aptitude and even Morimura. His true less interest. The staff identity was Ensign Takeo thought Morimura-san was Yoshikawa of the naval utterly unsuited for the job, reserve. His assignment: to and many disliked him. SUNDAY, DEC. 7, Yoshikawa was eating breakfast when spy on Pearl Harbor and Office speculation about the attack began. Above, a destroyed B-17C at Hickam Field. U.S. defense installations whether he might be a in Hawaii. naval officer was diverted For half a century the United States as much from superior Japanese efforts by his carousing and casual manner. has been passing out blame for Pearl and performance as from American The inner Yoshikawa considered his Harbor without paying much attention miscalculations and blunders." The assignment to Hawaii the culmination to the quality of the enemy. But in the mission of Yoshikawa, alias Chancellor of his years of training. A 1933 words of historian Gordon W. Prange, Morimura of the Honolulu consulate, is graduate of Eta Jima, Japan's naval "The success of the operation resulted a case in point. academy, he had a promising career, but No dashing double-oh-seven in the was forced into early retirement by

James Gannon is a Hastings-on-Hudson, vein of the fictitious James Bond; no chronic illness. Rehired by naval intelli- N.Y.-hased free-lance writer. He spent 20 superspy like the real-life Richard gence, he studied the U.S. Pacific Fleet. years with NBC as a writer, producer and Sorge, the Soviet agent operating as "By 1940 1 was the naval general staffs director a German correspondent in prewar acknowledged American expert," he

22 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE said. "I knew every U.S. man-of-war BEFORE AND AFTER and aircraft type by name, hull number, — Without using configuration and technical charac- binoculars or taking notes, the ensign teristics." memorized what he While Yoshikawa was the ace of Pearl saw at Battleship Row Harbor spies, he did not operate (above). Later, he pin- entirely on his own. Nagao Kita, the pointed the targets, consul general and also a recent arrival, such as the USS Ari- zona (right), for the had been picked to coordinate espion- attacking Japanese age. Vice Consul Okuda was part of the aircraft. ring, as was Yokichi Seki, a consular secretary. Dick Kotoshirodo, a Nisei, and Johnny Mikami, an alien Japanese resident who ran a taxi service, drove have been entirely different. onto military property, was careful in for Yoshikawa. Kotoshirodo even car- Every so often Robert L. Shivers, the associating with outsiders and would ried out assignments on his own. FBI chief in Honolulu, would drop in on not ask questions of strangers that Kita for a friendly visit. They would might call attention to himself. None of

not that American counterintelli- chat casually with full appreciation of it was necessary. Spying on Pearl IT'S gence wasn't watching the consulate. the cosmic crosswinds that made their Harbor was easy.

Quite the opposite. They had it well paths intersect. Shivers knew that The Aiea Heights area, for example, covered. The Navy's district intelli- spying was going on and that Kita was offered a commanding view of the gence office put taps on six consulate somehow in the middle of it. Kita knew ships. There, he identified them, noted phones, another on Okuda's private he knew and that Shivers couldn't do their location and carried the informa- line and still another on Kita's resi- anything about it as long as Kita's tion home in his head to write it down. dence phone. The FBI tapped the people stayed within the law. Both sides He didn't always get it straight, but he cook's phone, and both agencies had played the same game: "legal" spying. could not risk using binoculars or a inside contacts. Yoshikawa was careful to play it camera, or taking notes in public. The But their expectations centered on straight. His basic job was to count the Shuncho-ro night club was in the neigh- "consular agents" in Hawaii's Japanese ships and planes and note their patterns borhood and he liked to stop in at the community. Alas, Tokyo needed a pro- of movement— and to do so without end of a day. In the serenity of an fessional in place at this critical time. tipping his hand. He never broke the upstairs room he could enjoy the Had the Americans known "Morimura" law, except by entering U.S. territory charms of a geisha along with a window was a naval officer their outlook would with a false name. He did not trespass Please turn to page 45

DECEMBER 1991 23 24 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE HE American soldier didn't rec- ognize the noise coming from the trash pile at the U.S. Army Service Command near Inchon, South Korea. It probably wasn't I a North Korean raider as this was July 1953 and peace talks were under way to end the three- year Korean War. But, the GI was curious, so he took a look. He was stunned. There— discarded like yesterday's copy of Stars and Stripes— was a baby boy. The infant was thin, weak and appar- ently starving. His legs were burned and a rash covered his body. The Army took the baby to a nearby orphanage and put out a call for medical help from other U.S. military units in the area. Thus began one of the strangest, most heart warming odysseys of the Korean LOOK HOMEWARD, BABY -C/iap/a/n Edward O. Riley (left) and Capt. John T. War. Hayward led the search to find a home for "George Cruz Ascom." The Army's distress call went out 38 years ago, but retired Adm. John T. Hayward, then skipper of the aircraft "I never should have worried about carried a South Korean passport. But, carrier USS Point Cruz, remembers the crew," he said. "Those sailors officials told Hayward it wasn't clearly getting the message. He adopted the baby the instant he reached enough. George also needed a visa. immediately dispatched one of the the ship. We set up a bunk for him in Getting one would take years. Hayward ship's doctors and the Catholic Chap- sickbay and made him a crib. The men even tried arguing with the U.S. ambas- lain, Father Edward O'Neill Riley, to made diapers from Navy sheets, and the sador but got nowhere. The crew was the orphanage, the Star of the Sea Chil- laundry officer never said a word. beginning to worry about the baby.

dren's Home in Inchon. "At the time, I Somebody made him a suit and shoes. Some of the chiefs even urged Hayward

thought that was it. We'd send help. The The cooks made baby food, and we to smuggle the infant into the United baby would get the right treatment and even got formula. I never asked how or States. The captain understood the sen- we'd sail away. I was sure wrong," Hay- where." timent but had to reject the proposal. ward said. So, Hayward began a lobbying cam- "Father Riley told me the boy was men named the boy George paign, buttonholing friends and friends Caucasian. That news was astonishing. THECruz Ascom: Cruz for the ship and of friends. His efforts paid off, but not South Korean orphanages were filled Ascom for the Army unit that found in a way he expected. Vice President with Asian children and Amerasian him. Sometimes the crew just called Richard M. Nixon was visiting South children. This child, however, was as him "baby san." They volunteered in Korea and learned about the baby. rare as finding a destroyer steaming droves to tend the baby. In fact, the crew Nixon intervened and George got a around Capitol Hill," Hayward said. was so eager to see the baby that Hay- visa. Both Hayward and Chaplain Riley ward had to institute a daily "baby view- Passport and visa, however, didn't concluded that the child's parents ing" session on the hangar deck. Occa- solve George's most basic problem— he were either American government em- sionally, he'd even pull rank, ordering had no parents. Riley knew of an Iowa ployees or military personnel who the baby to the bridge. orphanage and arranged for George to abandoned him. Hayward feared that George boosted morale, but Hay- go there. But, again, fate intervened. the baby, who had been nicknamed ward knew he couldn't stay, although Dr. Hugh C. Keenan, who was serving George, might not survive in the the sailors would have loved that. Hay- aboard the hospital ship USS Consola- orphanage because food and medical ward asked the local U.S. consul about tion, saw the baby and quickly volun- supplies were limited and the baby sending the child to America. The baby teered to adopt him. Hayward, Riley, needed more medical attention. needs a passport, the man told Hay- Mrs. Keenan and the Navy agreed. Hayward saw only one solution. He ward, "but you'll never get one. George and Chaplain Riley sailed to ordered Riley to bring the baby to the Thousands of people are trying to leave Seattle on the transport General Gaffey, carrier. As the chaplain went ashore, this country," he said. arriving near Christmas 1953. Mrs. Hayward wondered if he'd just ended "I shared the news with Riley and Keenan was waiting, along with report-

his career and, more immediately, how told him to get a passport. I didn't care ers and photographers, at the pier for would the crew react. how," Hayward said. "Then, I opened the first glimpse of her new son. A my safe, gave him my last fifth of nurse brought George down the Edward R. Crews is a reporter for The Scotch and told him to use it to help gangplank with Riley trailing behind. Richmond Times-Dispatch in Rich- George." Mrs. Keenan cradled the baby in her mond, Va. He is a former Marine artillery Within days, Riley returned. The arms, declared him beautiful, thanked officer whisky was gone, and in his pocket he Please turn to page 44

DECEMBER 1991 25 THE CASE FOR iPHi Did

The process has been slow getting Robert A. Hamilton By TAX BREAKS started. Of the 46 orphan drugs approved for market, almost all have LISON Ashcraft prob- FOR COMPANIES been in the last three years. Another ably owes her life to a 350 drugs have been granted orphan federal program that pro- status, said Dr. Marlene Haffner, motes the development THAT MAKE director of orphan product development of drugs for rare diseases. for the Food and Drug Administration Her immune system was MEDICINES (FDA), and the manufacturers of 150 crippled by a disorder drugs are seeking market approval for that affects about 40 FOR UNCOMMON their orphan drugs. people a year, too small Orphan drugs have helped people a market to interest any drug manufac- with diseases that affect much smaller turer normally. ILLNESSES ARE A populations, such as leprosy, hemo- Even before the diagnosis when she philia and little-known disorders such was 7 years old, her parents knew LIFE^SAVINC IDEA. as Wilson's disease, in which copper Alison had a problem. She was sleeping accumulates in the body to toxic levels, 20 hours a day, and when she would get and neuroblastoma, a tumor of the

a cold it would turn into pneumonia. Said Abbey S. Meyers, executive adrenal glands. But under the Orphan Drug Act, director of the National Organization To most companies, more important which offers federal grants, tax credits for Rare Disorders, "The question has than the grants and tax credits is the and other incentives, a small company become, what is the difference between market exclusivity. Drugs that were in New Jersey developed a drug that an orphan drug that should have these patented more than 17 years ago can substitutes for the enzyme Alison's incentives and protections, and a now be copied and marketed as body cannot produce. blockbuster drug which will have sub- generics. And biotechnology-derived "Now at 16, she looks completely stantial commercial value?" drugs are biologic products that cannot normal, and she's sleeping seven hours The term "Orphan Drug," refers to be patented, so someone could copy a night," said her father, Aaron products that serve too small a market them immediately. Ashcraft. "She loves to play tennis but to find a "home" with a manufacturer. she used to play five minutes and be too Most drug companies are looking for a PENTOSAN polysulphate sodium, tired to continue. Last Sunday we patient population of 250,000 or more for instance, is a drug that has been played for an hour and a half" before they will consider going through around for many years. Its patent

But the Orphan Drug Act that helped the research and clinical trials neces- had expired, when research indicated it Alison is currently under attack. Critics sary to bring a drug to market, a process might be effective in treating interstitial M are urging Congress to close loopholes the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers' cystitis, a bladder condition that affects ^ which they claim allow some drug com- Association estimates now takes $231 about 45,000 people in the United panies to protect hundreds of millions million and 12 years. States.

of dollars a year in sales. They say other So in 1983, Congress passed, and "For a while it looked as if no one companies also abuse it by applying for President Reagan signed, a law that was going to go through the process of "M the tax credits several times for the provides incentives to orphan drug getting FDA approval for it, because of same drug. development. Among them: seven the time and money it would take," said years market exclusivity; a tax credit for Deborah Slade of the Interstitial Cys- Robert A. Hamilton is the health editorfor up to 63 percent of the cost of clinical titis As.sociation. The New London Day, a daily news- studies; and grants of $20,000 to However, Medical Market Special- paper in New London, Conn. $70,000 to support the research. ties in Boonton, N.J., has applied for

26 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "

RARE diseases A MIRACLE->l//son Ashcraft, 16, prob- them that if they got run infection. ably owes her life to "orphan drugs. over by a truck, their are tough Injections of white

patients would die, it blood cells can help, so to cure, market approval for the drug under the became important to but they must be given trade name Elmiron. find commercial spon- and drugs frequently, and do not "Without the Orphan Drug Act, sors," said Meyers. provide complete pro- Elmiron would never have been pur- Probably the clearest that help tection. Peg-ADA, sued, because there would have been example of an orphan are hard however, is a replace- no protection," said Richard C. Lufkin, drug developed under ment enzyme modified a spokesman for the company. "Its the FDA program is to find. through Enzon's pat- patent had run out, and after we went Enzon Corporation's ented process. through the clinical trials, someone Peg-ADA, approved for "Peg-ADA, from a

else could have made it without the use recently against purely business and research and development expense." Severe Combined financial sense, might The FDA can also help find manufac- Immunodeficiency Dis- not have been the best

turers for a drug under the program. ease, which affects about 40 people product to select, but it was really done Ucephan, a drug for urea cycle disorder worldwide. for other reasons," said Donna Chap- that causes a toxic buildup of nitrogen People like Alison Ashcraft cannot pina, a spokeswoman for the company. in the body, was recently picked up by produce the ADA enzyme, which re- It represented the greatest challenge, Kendall-McGraw, and cystemanine, moves a substance from the blood- and involved a patient population used to treat cystinosis, was picked up stream that kills white blood cells. The unlikely to attract the attention of other by Warner-Lambert. Previously, they result is a severely depressed immune drug manufacturers, she said. had been manufactured by doctors system: chicken pox, normally a mild Enzon is an example of the phar- working alone at medical centers and childhood disease, can be fatal. The maceutical companies that have sprung distributed under a compassionate use disease was made famous by the movie up over the last four years because of agreement with the FDA. "David, The Boy in The Bubble," a the Orphan Drug Act. "Some of these doctors were making Houston child who had to be kept in a "There are a number of companies these drugs by hand, and it occurred to sterilized, isolated room to prevent Please turn to page 47

DECEMBER 1991 27 Veterans update

MI Wiembers of the Flying Tigers and civilian another $100,000 is for subordinate grants throughout the crewmembers of certain U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Family Support Network. The remaining money will be used (USCGS) vessels during World War II have been granted to update and improve the network's telecommunications veteran's status and may be eligible for veterans benefits, system and provide employment and education programs. according to VA. "We also plan to develop family counseling and support Those who served from Dec. 7, 1941 to July 18, 1942, in groups in remote areas of the country which were affected by the Flying Tigers, the American Volunteer Group (AVG), the deployment of National Guard members and Reservists," must have an AVG discharge certificate or some other DiFrancesco said. identification showing honorable discharge. Individuals Since the network was established more than a year ago, should file a DD Form 2168 requesting an Armed Forces more than 31,000 calls have been received from military Discharge Certificate before applying for any VA benefits. families seeking assistance ranging from financial help to Forms are available at any VA regional office or through the requests for transportation. Air Force by writing to: HQ AF MPC/DP MARS2, Ran- dolph AFB, TX 78150-6001 , attn: TSGT Williamson. Also given veteran's status are civilian crewmembers on the USCGS vessels Derickson, Explorer, Gilbert, Hilgard, exposed to radiation during E. Lester Hones, Lydonia, Patton, Surveyor, Wainwright or their military service can now call VA on a special toll-free Westdahl, who served from Dec. 7, 1941 through May 8, telephone help-line. 1945, in the Atlantic or Gulf of Mexico coastal waters; or Information on VA benefits and services, and assistance in from Dec. 7, 1941 through Aug. 14, 1945, in Pacific and filing claims are available. Alaskan coastal waters. The civilian crewmembers should The toll-free number is 1-800-827-0365. Assistance is also apply for an Armed Forces Discharge Certificate by available from 8 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Eastern time. After-hours filing DD Form 2168 at any VA regional office or by and weekend callers may leave a recorded message. Calls will contacting the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Naval be returned the following business day. Personnel (PERS-312), Washington, DC 20370-5312. Local Posts and Department Service Officers will assist in filing benefit claims.

Tobacco sales have been halted at aii va medical center canteens in accordance with VA's commit- ment to smoke-free hospital environments. Louisiana residents who served in the u s. The VA earlier instituted a no-smoking policy throughout Armed Forces during Operation Desert Shield and Desert its hospitals and clinics. "We cannot on the one hand prohibit Storm— Aug. 2, 1990 through April 11, 1991 —and earned smoking, and on the other, sell cigarettes," VA Secretary the Southwest Asia Service medal may be eligible for a state Edward J. Derwinski said. bonus. Legion Res. 93 urges VA to maintain designated smoking Bonuses will also be paid to certain survivors of indi- areas in all VA medical facilities. viduals who died as a result of service in Desert Shield and Ward sales of tobacco to certain hospitalized and long- Desert Storm, or who died of unrelated causes before term patients will be permitted when the denial of tobacco applying for the bonus. could be counterproductive to ensuring the patient's overall For information or bonus applications, contact the welfare. Louisiana Department of Veterans Affairs, Bonus Division, RO. Box 94095, Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9095.

On.yabou.,0,000 of the 100,000 eligible veterans and next of kin have applied for the new Pearl Harbor The U.S. Army Medical Research and Commemorative Medal, DoD officials report. The medal is Development Command has awarded The American to be presented by members of Congress to veterans who Legion's Family Support Network a $500,000 grant to help were present at Pearl Harbor during the Japanese bombing, Persian Gulf troops' families with child care, family educa- or their next of kin. Civilians injured in the attack who tion and support services. worked for the War or Navy departments are also eligible. "It's a significant amount that will help us continue to To receive the medal, individuals must request an applica- serve the families of those who served during Operations tion form by calling toll free 1-800-545-4052 or writing to Desert Shield and Desert Storm," said National Commander Chief of Naval Operations, Awards and Special Projects, OP- Dominic D. DiFrancesco. 09B33, Rm. 5E589, The Pentagon, Washington, DC 20350- The grant period is from October 1991 until September 2000. 1993. According to DiFrancesco, about $235,000 will be Eligible individuals will be contacted regarding congres- used for direct assistance to military families still in need; sional ceremonies in their home state.

26 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Desert Storm proved it. Old Glory means as much now as she did in 1941!

When our troops marched off to battle during WII, they knew exactly what their job was ...

... keep the beloved red, white and blueflying as high andfree as she had since 1 776.

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men and women - America's pride - knew exactly what they were there for ...

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AMAC INTERVIEW: THOMAS E. COLLINS FINDING JOBS FOR NEW VETS

Thomas E. Collins, o former Air Force pilot and ROW, runs the Labor Department's Veterans' Employment and Training operation. H/s latest ctiallenges are tielping new veterans find good Jobs, and tiomeless veterans a place to live.

ITH the success of Desert Storm fresh in their families and employers about re-employment rights. the minds of mainstream America, never has there been a more appropriate time Qb How would that work, say, for a Reservist who was to understand the needs of the men and activated for duty and now has returned to the civilian women who served during the Persian ranks? Gulf crisis. A The person is entitled to return to the job he or she left Thomas E. Collins, assistant Secretary or a similar job. That's the law. If there has been an of Labor for Veterans' Employment and elevation or change in that position, the person returning is Training, said one of the biggest challenges entitled to benefit from that change.

of his office is to help Desert Storm-era veterans find mean- ingful employment, job opportunities and training programs. Qa Beyond the Gulf War, how is your office gearing up "The mobilization for Operations Desert Shield and Desert for service people who will be separated because of Storm created a larger pool of clients whose needs must be reduced defense spending? met," Collins said. A For some years, we've been working on the Transition Collins, a highly decorated Air Force pilot who was a Assistance Program (TAP), which began before the POW in North Vietnam for more than seven years, met with worldwide peace initiative of 1989. In 1990, we tested TAP editors of The American Legion Magazine to discuss at military installations in seven states. Representatives of veterans' employment issues and other concerns. Excerpts the Employment Service, Veterans Employment and Training from that interview follow: Service, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, met with active duty service members who were scheduled to be American legion Magazine: what is your office s separated from active duty within 180 days. Our theory was role in assisting veterans? logical: Many service people who are faced with separation need an orderly transition back into the civilian labor force. Thomas Collins: One of the primary roles of our office is It's often a traumatic change. administering veterans' re-employment rights for those who want to return to the job they held before they entered active service. Qa What kind of assistance does TAP provide? A We provide a three-day employment seminar, which Q- Have the re-employment rights been put to the test covers, among other areas, veterans' benefits, prepara- since the Gulf War? tion for job search, resume writing, how to dress, and how to conduct yourself during an interview. A For the first time in more than 20 years, members of the Reserves and National Guard were called to active duty in large numbers. Most of them left civilian jobs and they Qa Do you anticipate a large number of separated vet-

have a right to return to them. It became clear, once the erans taking advantage of TAP? mobilization began, that we would have to conduct massive A Since we began the pilot for TAP in May 1990, there public information campaigns to advise military people, has been a high level of interest. Much of the interest

30 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE help them work their way back into society and employment. Also, we provided the assistance and seed capital to start a project called "Stand Down" in San Diego, for example. It brings together com- munity and government agencies to pool their services to homeless veterans at a central location for a weekend off the street. For exam- ple, if a homeless veteran was seeking a claim from VA, a repre- sentative from that office would be

on hand to start processing it. I've advocated replication of what we've done in San Diego and have directed similar programs be established in seven other urban areas. The real solution in solving the homeless problem is for com- munities to commit themselves. If we don't have local governments, businesses, civil groups and citi- zens working to solve the problem in their own areas, it's difficult to make any real difference. Homelessness among veterans is a national shame. Americans who have served their country cer- tainly deserve the benefits of the country they defended and should not be forced to live on the streets.

I encourage organizations such as The American Legion to reach out and help these unfortunate veter- ans.

Qa A recent Labor Department report found that disabled vet- erans have greater problems in the work force. Could you PERSON is entitled elaborate on that? Sure, it comes down to this: As the disabled veteran /le or stie A to ttie Job enters the job market, there's a direct correlation gain left, mafs ttie low. between the degree of the disability and the ability to f meaningful employment. The problem escalates as the disability rating increases. Many who are rated 60 percent disabled have dropped out of the labor force all together. They've simply given up, or have come to believe that society comes primarily from mid-term service people who had been has told them they are unemployable. out of the civilian work force for several years, but had not completed a full military career. The long-term plan of the Qa In that light, how effective has the Labor Depart- Department of Defense for downsizing the military indicates ment's Disabled Veterans Outreach Program (DVOP) that thousands could be involuntarily separated. been?

DVOP has served veterans very well in the 10 years it Qa It's said that more than one-third of the nation's A has been operating. DVOP representatives are disabled homeless are veterans. What does the Labor Department veterans themselves, so they understand the people they do to help these veterans? serve. DVOP reps are assigned to employment offices and We operate programs as directed under the Stewart B. A outreach programs at local VA hospitals and other locations McKinney Homeless American Act. We've designed a to do outreach work for disabled veterans. model to set up linkage with other homeless veterans' projects at the local level, both public and private. We have provided former homeless veterans as outreach personnel in 17 Q> What kind of programs are these? urban centers to first identify homeless veterans and then Please turn to page 51

DECEMBER 1991 31 Win a FREE Rascal Scooter!

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We're giving Zip . Phone I NEW relationship be- away 12 this Electric Mobility, #1 Mobility Plaza tween the nation's fastest year! Dept.3129,Sewell,NJ 08080 growing veterans organi- zation and one of the A nation's premier long dis- tance telephone services allows Legion i1 members and supporters to enjoy long distance service at their home and busi- Caribbean Cruise ness at substantial savings. The American Legion has joined Reservation Certificate with Sprint in the company's Affinity Program. "After studying many pro- posals and taking a hard look at what was available, we chose the company that could offer the best deal to our Save members and supporters," said National Commander Dominic D. DiFrancesco. The program generates income for American Legion programs, saves its $500 On the members money, and nets Sprint a vast pool of customers— truly a "triple win" situation. s Best The concept is simple: Each month World Sprint will send to The American Legion a percentage of the supporters' or members' long distance usage. Cruise Line. Those who participate will discover the benefits of joining with an indus- try leader offering the nation's first 100 percent digital fiber optics net- work, which assures cost-efficient, Holland America is pleased to honor our nation's military by offering crystal clear connections. Sprint will savings of $500 per couple ($250 per person) on select 7-day Eastern provide "Dial 1 " residential long dis- Caribbean cruises aboard the ms Westerdam from January 18 through tance service and the convenient March 28. On board, you'll enjoy delicious cuisine, dazzling entertainment, FONCARD®, issued free to Legion and of course, the graciousness of Holland America's people. As you might supporters, which is a customized con- imagine, space is limited. So we urge you to fill out this certificate and venience enabling the holder to make present it to your travel agent with your cruise deposit at once. And discover long distance calls while away from for yourself all the reasons Lifestyles TV Series recently named us "the best cruise line in the world." home or the office. Members receive their invoice directly from Sprint. Free air from major U.S. gateway cities. Sprint also provides 24-hour, seven- day-a-week customer service, includ- Passenger Name (s)_ ing instant credit for wrong numbers.

Sailing Date "Sprint is proud to offer this innova- tive donation link program to Legion- Booking No naires whose leadership and influence

is felt across the country," said Mitchell Travel Agent ARC/IATA/CLIA # Gershman, vice president of Sprint CJontract linOO alternative channels management.

Nat combinabk- with cjthcr prrjmotiDiinl offers Some rcstrictif)ns apply. Ship's Registry: Bahamas The Sprint/American Legion Pro- gram will provide long distance savings to Legionnaires and supporters while Holland America Line helping The American Legion fund its A TRADITION OF EXCELLENCE" many worthwhile programs.

L I

32 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Introducing The American Legion Calling Card

Sprint presents a long distance program that offers you more than savings:

• 5% of every dollar spent on long distance calls will be contributed to American Legion Programs. • Free American Legion exclusive calling card. • 60 FREE minutes of long distance. • No risk... Sprint will pay to switch you over. (See order form for details about these benefits.)

To switch to Sprint Plus send in the reply card below, OR call 1-800-669-8585 and ask about The American Legion/Sprint Program. Existing Sprint Customers call 1-800-877-4040.

Don't just make a call . . . Make a difference r The American Legion/Sprint Program ORDER FORM

( ) YES, I wish to sign up for the Sprint Plus Program to support The American Legion.

( ) YES, I am already a Sprint customer and want to sign up for The Legion Program.

Additional American Legion calling cards requested:

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Date of birth: you have a checking account? Yes Do . No

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Do you own rent Signature of Authorization: Date .

Terms of Agreement: My signature on this card authorizes Sprint to notify the local company to switch my long distance provider to Sprint. Spnnt will apply only the telephone numbers listed on this card. Offer cannot be used in conjunction with any other offer. 60 Free Minutes Credit equal to 60 minutes of Interstate calling per account at the Sprint 3,000 mile Interstate Night/ Weekend rate. Credit will be applied on your third month's invoice. No risk offer: Sprint will pay $5.00 per line up to 10 lines per account to switch you over from your current long distance carrier, via a $5.00 certificate to offset actual telephone company charges which vary. If you are an existing Sprint customer and enroll in this program, your contribution will be 2%.

Send Application to: SprintA'he American Legion P.O. Box 15944, Shawnee Mission, Kansas 66215-9959 explain some of the facets of the NSC pension as a retirement supplement. Daley meets the criteria for NSC UNDERSTANDING benefits and is considered 100 percent disabled. No one could reasonably expect a 95-year-oId veteran to be employable. How does income or net worth affect NSC disability pension? Joe Daley had been married for more than 50 years. During his working years he regularly Knowing the VA business is way does the provided his wife with "grocery key to getting cloims assistance, money." Daley's wife was a frugal woman who salted away a portion of i-iere's tiow the system worl

guardian reported it in Daley's Eligi- bility Verification Report (EVR), the sudden increase in Daley's net worth

made it appear he had "profited" in the preceding 12 months. A second pitfall could have caught Daley if his net worth had amounted to more than $25,000. The Omnibus Bill of 1990 states an unmarried veteran who is rated as incompetent, with no dependents, can accumulate no more than $25,000 net worth, or he becomes ineligible for NSC pension payments until the money is reduced to less than $10,000. NSC payments are affected by out- side incomes, such as Social Security benefits, IRA accounts and retirement pensions. In addition, interest, whether

it remains in an account to accrue, or it is withdrawn and spent, is considered CLAIMS & DENIAL-DSO Phil Grabman (right) pushed VA to reinstate WWI veteran Joe Daley's pension. But VA wouldn't budge on Daley's dentures. part of the veteran's income and is counted against the pension. Disability payments are adjusted periodically by Congress and in the past Daley's experiences In addition, the veteran must be two decades, these increases have been dealing with VA may make rated permanently and totally disabled. significant. Service-connected com- JOEyou angry, but his story The NSC pension doesn't entitle the pensation has increased about 208 per- underscores some of the veteran to the same services available cent, and NSC pension has gone up 175 pitfalls faced by non- to service connected (SC) disabled percent, according to John Hanson, service-connected (NSC) veterans. Benefits may be awarded for director of The American Legion Vet- pensioners. Daley, a 95- injuries or conditions that manifested erans Affairs and Rehabilitation Divi- year-old WWI veteran, after the veteran was discharged and sion. "We have reached a critical time was a familiar figure not connected to any service related for many veterans," Hanson said. around Post 500 in Speedway, Ind. incident, injury or illness. "Many veterans of World War II are

When he retired to a nursing home, he It is a common misconception that retiring and counting on VA disability applied for and received an NSC disa- the NSC pension is for elderly retirees. benefits as part of their retirement." bility pension from VA. This is not entirely true. Veterans who The federal government has dramati- NSC pension is linked to the veter- meet the financial criteria and who are cally modified the pension programs an's income. Eligibility requirements permanently and totally disabled may three times. Today, a claimant drawing include 90 days of honorable military be eligible for NSC payments. How- NSC pension may be drawing on the service, of which at least one or more ever, as the ranks of World War II vet- "Old Law," which was replaced in 1960 days must have been during time of war. erans reach retirement age, it is time to Please turn page

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Zip . Telephone i -)- and Keep your septic tank How many septic tanks/cesspools? . cesspool in great shape. Use SEPTIC HELPER! Mail in Coupon to: Krane Products Inc., P.O. Box 521, Larchmont NY 10538 AI. by "Section 306," which was replaced record searches. A claim may take from service-connected, the regulations gov- in 1978 by the "Improved Pension." 90 days to more than a year before VA erning VA procedures state "in order to Each has distinctly different benefits reaches a decision, notifies the veteran avoid hardship, VA may consider a vet- and requirements. For instance, reci- and begins payment. It can take even eran's financial circumstances and pients of Old Law pensions must count longer if records are missing or if an make an exception in the eligibility welfare payments as income, while appeal is filed to argue a denied claim. assessment." Grabman felt Daley's age Section 306 and Improved Pension reci- Establishing a claim depends heavily alone should make him eligible for pients do not. Improved pensioners upon official records. "Locating lost or something as basic and necessary as have to include children's income, but missing records is a veteran's night- dentures, but VA denied Daley's 306 pensioners do not unless the child mare," said Indiana assistant DSO Phil request. is a beneficiary himself, while Old Law Grabman. "In some cases, records may Apparently, there is no clear and pensioners must report their spouse's have been destroyed, misfiled or lost concise rule or regulation. One VA income. for more than 20 years. Some may administrator may have granted Sound confusing? The key is the never be found." Daley's request while another could dates of application. Anyone applying John Hickey, Indiana DSO, said, decide that "if I grant this request, I'll for pension today falls under the "Total disability for a veteran age 65 or have to grant them all." Daley may file Improved Pension. What slows the older can be proved in two ways: If the a Notice of Disagreement with VA to system is when a veteran talks to a veteran's doctor can supply sufficient receive those retroactive pension pay- buddy who's already drawing NSC pen- records to verify and explain the veter- ments he missed and for reimbursement sion who tells him he doesn't have to an's condition, the VA may accept this for his dentures. That is every veteran's report this and he's eligible for that, right, whether he is NSC, SC or has no when the truth is, they aren't even dis- rating at all. cussing the same pension. VA and other If Daley had needed medical atten- veterans' benefit experts urge veterans tion, he may have faced another pitfall. applying for NSC to seek competent An NSC veteran's treatment at a professional help when filing claims, VAMC is granted on a space or service and the best help around is your Legion available basis and is subject to means Service Officer. testing and copayment. As a general John Sommer, executive director of OUT FOR SUCH rule, an NSC veteran can count on treat- the Legion's Washington office, said, ment costs to run about the same rate as "While there are no figures to compare PITFALLS AS Medicare/Medicaid fees. In addition, the number of veterans who try to run prescription drugs received from VA their claim through the system on their HIDDEN INCOME, will be subject to the $2 per prescrip- own compared to those who use a BUDDY'S OPINION, tion fee for each 30-day supply. (The Service Officer, we feel certain that a A Legion opposes the prescription fee and far larger number of those assisted by a COMMON MYTHS other provisions of the Omnibus Bill of Service Officer receive their entitle- 1990, including the $25,000 estate ment." AND NEW TWISTS limit and elimination of presumption of "The Legion has long been deeply total disability at age 65.) concerned with the veteran facing the OF OLD RULES. "Currently 2.8 million SC veterans VA bureaucracy on his own without the and 1 million NSC veterans are aid of an experienced adviser," said receiving payments from VA," said Chester Stellar, chairman of the VA&R as evidence of disability. The second Stellar. "We want our government to Commission. "This is why the office of method is to undergo testing at the honor the promise they made to take the Department Service Officer (DSO) nearest VA Medical Center (VAMC)." care of the American veteran. We prom- was created. The DSO is there to assist Hickey said VA is not required to accept ised to defend our country when we and provide representation for the vet- a private physician's report and that the wore the uniform. It's time for the gov- eran through the various levels of the veteran may still be required to take ernment to keep its promise to care for VA claims system. His services are free VAMC examinations to substantiate his us when our service years have ended." to all veterans, whether they are Legion claim. However, being examined at a For more information on disability members or not." VAMC for a possible claim is not the claims, see your local American Legion When Joe Daley applied for his NSC same as receiving medical treatment Post or Department Service Officer. pension, it was a fairly simple matter. there. His job is to help you get what was He was over the age of 65, and in those Joe Daley did get his pension back, promised to you. days VA considered a veteran age 65 or but it took about a year. Most of his pen- Joe Daley did get his dentures. The older as automatically 100 percent dis- sion, however, automatically goes to dentist cut his fees to $850, Speedway abled. Today, a veteran must prove he or the nursing facility. As he approached Post 500 donated $400, and the Post she is permanently and totally disabled the century mark, Daley's teeth gave Auxiliary and SAL squadron donated before the pension payments are out and a local dentist quoted a price of the remaining $450. Joe Daley served granted. This is done by filing a claim $1 , 100 for dentures. Daley didn't have his country, community and Post with with VA. the money, so he asked Grabman about honor, but now he's disabled. Though The claims process can be long and getting VA to supply them. his government may have failed in its grueling as veterans battle through a It seemed like a reasonable request. promise to him, his comrades didn't. maze of forms, tests, physicals and Even though the disability was not —Bv Ken Scluii nherg

36 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Remember The First Time You ReallyMissed YourMother?

Once you have had a job performance review result in latrine duty

... or had an extra week of "KP" to think about who is responsible for

what . . . one thing becomes very clear. Y^ur days of leaving the dirty work to mother or anyone else are over.

It was just one of many harsh lessons we veterans learned about life in preparation for war. But, like most of our experiences during that time, people can never really understand from watching a movie or TV

show, ^u had to be there. That's why it's hard to answer when asked if

a war movie is real.

It's also the reason some people don't understand why The American Legion is this country's leading voice on issues like veteraris benefits and national security. They think we should quiet down and leave these challenges to someone else. But we know better.

\ Renew your membership todciy V • • • because doing nothing is not W an option. VA BUDGET The Cost OfFreedom Continues

HE annual VA budget will raling upwards as is now the case." never be enough to meet LETS PROVIDE VA The Commander also expressed his the needs of America's vet- concern for the underfunded VA erans, National Commander WITH A REALISTIC research program, noting that past VA Dominic D. DiFrancesco accomplishments in medical and told members of the prosthetic research have included the Senate and House Vet- BUDGET TO TAKE development of the CAT scan, the erans Affairs committees. pacemaker, kidney and home dialysis T Testifying before a CAREOFAMERICA^S techniques, the Seattle Foot, the use of standing-room-only joint hearing of the therapeutic drugs in mental illness, committees on Sept. 24, DiFrancesco VETERANS PROPERLY, vision research, oral health, diabetes, said, "The distribution of funding and Alzheimer's disease, AIDS, stroke and services among VA's 172 medical cen- coronary artery disease, and many ters, 139 outpatient clinics and 126 DIFRANCESCO others. nursing homes is based primarily on "The American Legion strongly funding history, not on the size of the TELLS CONCRESS. objects to the recent no-growth VA veterans' population, health status or research budgets. If this trend con- resource needs. tinues, VA is likely to be unable to "Under this allocation system, each "The problem at most facilities is that attract and retain necessary research

facility's base budget is equivalent to its while annual budgets have remained innovations," he said. base budget from the previous year plus fairly stable in real terms over the past DiFrancesco reiterated the Legion's a share of VA annual funding increases," several years, the cost of providing opposition to restrictions imposed in DiFrancesco said. "By using this health care has been increasing at a rate the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act method of increasing funds to one of 8 percent to 10 percent annually," of 1990. They included measures that: facility above its proportional share re- DiFrancesco said. He feels the most • place a $25,000 limit on the estate of duces funds available to other facilities." significant problem facing VA medical non-hospitalized, mentally incompe- Calling for a needs-based funding centers is obtaining high technology, tent veterans without dependents; formula instead of an allocation-based state-of-the-art equipment. • eliminate the presumption of total one, DiFrancesco said that budgetary Members of the Senate and House disability at age 65; constraints and insufficient increases Veterans Affairs committees listened as • expand the third-party reimburse- are cause for serious concern. "We have Commander DiFrancesco pointed out ment program; seen veterans seeking VA health care the current and future financial needs of • repeal the benefit restoration eligi- being told they no longer qualify for VA VA. bility for remarried spouses and their medical care. We have watched entire DiFrancesco said the Legion recom- children; wings of VA hospitals closed simply mends VA should receive a 1993 fiscal • eliminate the allowance for a private because VA did not have sufficient doc- year budget of $15.6 billion for health- headstone or marker for veterans;

tors, nurses or other personnel to staff care, $2. 1 billion more than the current • restrict eligibility for the $150 plot additional beds," he said. year. "This significant increase will be allowance; DiFrancesco said The American necessary to correct more than a decade • require certain veterans to make a $2 Legion surveyed VA facilities and found of erosion. The cost of freedom con- copayment for VA outpatient prescrip-

that of the 1 16 VA medical centers tinues long after this country's wars are tions. responding, all reported a shortfall in no longer front page news." DiFrancesco also expressed the their fiscal year 1991 budgets. He said making do with what they Legion's appreciation for the 100 per- Ten facilities reported more than a $3 have has been a strong point with VA cent increase in VA state home grants million shortfall, 18 reported between over the years. "If every element of the funding since 1990, and spent several $2 million to $3 million, and the largest health-care network in this country minutes discussing the Legion spon- number, 48 facilities, were short were as cost-conscious as VA is sored Desert Storm Serviceperson's

between $ I million to $2 million for the required to be," DiFrancesco said, Readjustment Act of 1991. Veterans year, he said. "health-care costs would not be spi- who contribute to the current Mont-

38 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE gomery GI Bill receive up to $350 a geriatric health care for veterans. Refer- VOICING CONCERN-Afat/ona/ Com- month in education benefits. DiFran- ring to a VA study on aging veterans, he mander DiFrancesco (center) testifies for veterans. cesco quoted statistics that say veterans said the number of veterans 65-years- would need $777 per month for tuition old and older is expected to increase at state universities just to equal the from 6 million today to a peak of 9 DiFrancesco also covered: amount that has been paid to veterans million in 1999, a 34 percent increase. • POW/MIAs: 'The American of previous wars. The largest group of veterans, World Legion believes the government is not The Legion-backed legislation would War II veterans, number 9.3 million; working hard enough to secure the make education benefits noncontribu- Vietnam veterans are second with release of POW/MIAs in Laos, Cam- tory for veterans and provide benefits almost 8.3 million; and there are 4.9 bodia and Vietnam. The movement to for up to 45 months, depending on million Korean veterans. Vietnam vet- re-establish diplomatic relations with length of service. erans are expected to the largest group Vietnam must not overshadow the by 1993. nation's responsibility to the families of

American Legion is convinced "Before retiring, many veterans have these men. THEthat the nation can afford a more always had medical insurance and • Agent Orange: The American realistic educational assistance never asked VA for anything," DiFran- Legion is continuing its fight to help package for military veterans, and we cesco said. "When retirement ap- veterans with Agent Orange problems. believe that our nation's elected leader- proaches and medical insurance ends "On Aug. 2, 1990, The American ship should commit itself to that goal," because of Medicare, veterans find Legion filed suit against VA, the Depart- said DiFrancesco. themselves unable to continue carrying ment of Health and Human Services, DiFrancesco also scoffed at critics medical insurance and to afford private and the Centers for Disease Control for who claim today's veterans shouldn't health care. It is at this time that many failure to comply with P.L. 96-151 and get special treatment because they vol- veterans turn to VA for help. Unfortu- to compel the U.S. Government to con- unteered to go in the service instead of nately, too many are being turned duct the mandated major epidemiologi- being drafted. "So what?" he said. away." cal study of ground troops that served in "There may never have been a better He said The American Legion Vietnam," DiFrancesco said. "The suit trained military in history, but we believes that funds should be made is pending in the U.S. District Court." cannot ensure that we will always be so available to meet local needs for alter- • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder lucky in the future if we don't offer native care such as hospital-based home (PTSD): It is estimated that 800,000 something of real value in exchange for care, adult day care and group residen- Vietnam veterans suffer from PTSD, that service." tial care. "These programs are recog- and The American Legion is concerned The Commander reminded the con- nized as cost-effective alternatives to about their care. "VA has recently gressmen of the pressing need for better institutional care," he said. Please turn to page 48

DECEMBER 1991 39 3 Legion news

Ltd., died Sept. 8, 1991, in President Bush Neminates Lewes, Del. Mires was commissioned a second lieutenant in the PNG Gierke To Geurt Army Quartermaster Corps during World War I and was wounded at the battle of Court Justice since 1983. Soissons in 1918. He was His term on the military awarded the Croix de Guerre appellate court would be 1 by France for saving the life years, according to White of a French lieutenant. House officials. The Senate After recovering from his Armed Services Committee wounds, he was selected as a must confirm Gierke's nomi- delegate to the Paris Caucus nation. of The American Legion. Gierke, a member of Carl When Mires returned E. Rogen Post 29 of Watford home, he earned a degree in

City, N.D. , was the first Viet- Dr. Maynard H. Mires Sr veterinary medicine from nam veteran to become Cornell University and spent National Commander. A 46 years in private practice former U.S. Army captain, in Sherburner, N. Y. He is sur- PNCH.F. "Sparky" Gierke Gierke served as a lawyer in Mires, Founder vived by a son. Dr. Maynard the Judge Advocate General H. Mires Jr. of Georgetown,

Corps and as a military judge Del. , four grandchildren and AST National in Vietnam from 1969 to Of Legion, Dies five great grandchildren. Commander 1970. Only six Legion founders H.F. "Sparky" "PNC Gierke would make At Age 07 remain. They are George W. Gierke has been an outstanding member of Bentley, Minneapolis; Vahan P nominated by the Court of Military Dukmejian, Stetauket, N.Y.; President George Bush to Appeals," said National R. MAYNARD Fred E. Ellis, Harlingen, serve as a judge on the U.S. Commander Dominic D. Harold Mires Texas; John T. Gable, Court of MiUtary Appeals. DiFrancesco, after learning Sr., 97, Past Hartford City, Ind.; Maurice Gierke, who was National of Gierke's nomination. "We President ofThe Lepavsky, Villa Park, 111.; Commander in 1988-89, has certainly wish him the best D Society of The and Jack E. Specter, Bay been a North Dakota Supreme in this endeavor." American Legion Founders Pines, Fla.

»

the 1976 National Conven- tion. Hoai( Served Legion Weil Soon after the Convention in Philadelphia, Hoak

AST Depart- Army from 1 943 to 1 946 and became aware of a number ^ment Adjutant joined American Legion of Legionnaires in his state of Pennsylvania Post 472 after returning becoming seriously ill. After Edward T. home. checking with other Depart- Hoak, 67, died He has served the Legion ments, he found many more

Sept. 29, 1991 , at Camp in almost every capacity, Legionnaires seriously ill. It Hill, Pa. including National commis- was this discovery that Hoak retired Sept. 7, sions and committees. Hoak linked the illness with those

1991 , after serving as the was awarded the 1977 attending the National Con- Pennsylvania Adjutant since National Commander's vention, helping the medical 1963. He served as National Award for his efforts in pre- profession to combat the dis- Vice Commander in 1961- venting further loss of life ease. 62. from "Legionnaires' Dis- Hoak is survived by his Hoak, who was born in ease," which claimed the wife, Martha, four daughters Edward T. Hoak Manor, Pa., served in the lives of 79 Legionnaires at and eight grandchildren.

40 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE VIETNAM Vietnam Memorial Timepiece NAM TIME...A memorial to the more than REMEMBERED 58,000 U.S. servicemen and women who "failed" to make the return trip home. Its IHOUSANDS of daily vis- unique design contains more than 58,000 itors to the Vietnam Memorial pay their names inscribed on microfilm in a humble, respects to fallen friends, but honest attempt to salute these brave, T gone, 'remember times courageous and loyal Americans—they and reflect on what could have been. never forgotten... "The Wall" and all that it means to so should be and much many is now embodied by a unique more, they should always be timepiece that lists every name remembered. engraved on the memorial in alpha- betical order. Legionnaire Jack G. Stevenson, a Fellow Vietnam Vets: Vietnam veteran and contractor in Galesburg, 111., sat with friends in a 7 am proud to offer Nam local coffee house nearly two years ago Time, a memorial, to all and reflected on the Vietnam experi- my brave comrades- ence. "Wouldn't it be nice if we could put all the names on 'The Wall' onto in-arms, reminding something that we could carry with us," them, as America Stevenson said. begins to Several ideas were discussed and a decision was made to produce some- remember, v^e thing that everyone would be proud of shall never The "Nam Time" watch was born. forget. After nearly two years on the drawing board, the Vietnam Memorial Time- Jack Stevenson piece has now become a reality. 2nd Battalion The quality timepiece can be worn ir Rolled Leather Black Band 20th Artillery by men or women. Every name on "The if Quartz Movement 1 St Air Cavalry Wall" has been inscribed on the face of -k Black Onyx Jeweled Stem the timepiece using ultrafiche technol- (May 1967 to -k 2 Campaign Ribbons on Watch Face ogy. There are 110 tiny squares on the May 1968) watch face, and each block contains •k 2 Microns of Gold Plate 500 names. if Stainless Steel Back A separate microfiche is included k Separate Piece of Microfilm Encased in with the purchase of the watch for finding a specific name with a mag- Lucite for Viewing Under 150X nifying lens. Microscope The watch comes in a black velvetine pouch that has an etching on it of the SEND ORDER SHIP TO: Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall in WITH PAYMENT TO: Washington, D.C. On the face of the National Emblem Sales, Dept. W Name watch are the two campaign ribbons P.O. Box 1050 Indianapolis, IN 46206-1050 issued for Vietnam. Street Address "I just wanted to make sure that the guys weren't forgotten," said Steven- DAYTIME PHONE NUMBER, PLEASE city ZIP + 4 son, who was a 1st Cav radio operator that communicated with helicopters during his 1967 to 1968 tour in Viet- Quantity Description Unit Price TOTAL nam. NAM TIME $99.95

"It is a living memorial. I will never SUBTOTAL forget them — this is a way to IS ENCLOSED MY CHECK FOR $ . remember." SALES TAX SALES TAX CHARGE MY: MASTERCARD VISA See chart at left To order your Vietnam Memorial In these states only) CA 7.25% GRAND TOTAL Timepiece, complete the coupon and ID 5% send it to The American Legion, IN 5% Emblem Sales, Dept. W, P.O. Box MA 5% / ME 5% EXPIRATION DATE SIGNATURE (required for charge orders) 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. NE 5% Allow 6 to 8 weeks for delivery.

DECEMBER 1991 41 3 6 5 1 7 4 4 8 Vetnet

VC-5 18015 VP/VPB-122 Patrol Bombing Sq. 14651 OUTFIT REUNIONS VP/VPB-53 (WWII) 18501 HOW TO USE VETNET VR-21 22641

VX-3 (Fixed Wing Sq.) 1 4392 Reunion coordinators can enroll their units in VetNet To find out specific information by sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to WAVES (Wash. DC/NASD/WWII) 17851 VetNet, THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE, P.O. Box on a military unit listed on these 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Unit names are published pages, call only one time per unit per year. Air Force 1-900-773-8387

1 0th Emergency Rescue Boat Sq., 1 1 th AAF 1 6779 and be sure to have the unit's five- Army 11th Air Force Assn. 15074 40th ARRS, Det. 7 & 401 St Civ. Engr. Sq. (Fire Dept.) digit VetNet number handy. (The 14017 3rd Arm'd Div. (WWII) 1 5634 VetNet number is printed after the 95th Fighter Control Sq. 2261 3rd Sqdn., 4th Cav., 25th Inf. Div. 22598 303rd Grp. (H) 22625 16th Arm'd Div. Assn. 10170 Bomb unit name.) 31 St/241 St Engr.(C) Bns. (WWII) 1 6501 VetNet will tell you the price of 42nd Rainbow Div. 1 6044 the call and give you basic instruc- 46th Combat Engrs., Co. C 1 6672 Air 51 St General Hospital 1 6320 Army Forces tions. After the greeting, you will be 75th CA (A A) Rgt., F Btry. 1 940-44 22605 asked to enter the five-digit VetNet 82nd Airborne Div. Assn., Southern AZ Chapter 302nd Airdrome Sq., 9th AF 1 6800 22611 341st Signal Co. Wing 22609 number for the group. 85th Signal Co., 85th Inf. Div. 22634 1984th Trk. Co., 1 3th AF 1 6950 You need Touch Tone telephone 86th Chem. Mortar Bn. Assn. 1 6089 Aviation Cadets 1 6820 92nd Ord. MM Co. 22610 service to access VetNet. If you don't 93rd/746th AAAGun Bns., B Btry. (1951-53) 22532 Tone, receive 94th Med. Gas Treatment Bn. 1 5292 have Touch you may 99th Signal Bn. 22603 Marines further information by calling 1 16th Signal/FS 8608 AAU - (Scheyern, Germany) 15272 135th Med. Rgt. (WWII) 16723 4th Bn., 11th Mar., Lima Btry. 14352 (317) 635-8411, ext. 272. Hill 1 42nd FA Assn., 926th & 937th FA Bns. 1 6593 7th MAR FSCC, 55, Vietnam 22599 1 56th Inf., 31 st Div. WWII 22608 Chi Chi Jima Marines 1 7208 Det., 180th Inf. Rgt., 45th Div., G Co. 1 5990 Marine USS Nevada BB-36 17090 62nd Signal Bn, Co. B Assn. 221 98 207th FA Bn./2nd Bn., 158th FA Rgt. 22622 VMSB-331 21045 63rd Combat Engr. Bn., 44th Div., B Co. 1 4044 235th Observ. Bn. 15808 64th MP Det. (Worms.Germany) 221 96 251 St CA (AA) CNG 22638 65th QM, Camp Shelby(1944) 22389 256th Signal Const. Co. 22557 68th Arm'd, 3rd Inf. Div., A Co. - (1 958-60) 1 561 289th Combat Engr. Bn. 1 5261 Miscellaneous 68th Engr. Depot Co. (1 950-52) 22642 291st MP Co. (1961-63) 22512 72nd Hvy. Tank (1951 Kapyong) 22343 292nd Combat Engr. Bn. 1 6507 Association of Aviation Ordnancemen 2261 76th Div. Arty. Hq. 22384 341 st Inf., 86th Inf. Div., D Co. 1 01 1 Glacier Assn. Navy & Coast Guard 22604 82nd FA Rgt. (Horse) 1914-WWII 2261 365fh F.A. Bn., 97th Div. 1 5631 John Paul Jones School, NAS Sangley Point 1950-71 86th Inf. Rgt., 10th Inf. Div., HQ&HQ Co. 22629 382nd FABn., 103rd Div., C Btry. 16572 22602 97th Inf. Div., 97th Signal Co. 22330 708/71 5/773rdAmph. Bns. 15679 Kentucky Vietnam Veterans 17267 102nd AAA Gun bn., Btry. B, (Camp Steward, GA- 737th Tank Bn. Assn. 20203 Precision Measurement Equip. Lab School Grads 1950)22580 746th Railway Operating Bn. 20848 17250 1 18th Sign. Radio Int. Co. (WWII) 22502 777th Ord. Co 2261 119th Medical Bn., 44th Inf. Div., C Co. 22596 904th FA Bn., 79th Inf. Div. 1 6272 1 20th Assault Helicopter Co. 22339 318gth Signal Serv. Bn., A Co. (WWII) 22640 1 20th Combat Engr. Bn., 45th Div., H & S Co. (KOREA) 7961 A.U. Fontainbleu, France, 1953-55 22616 22515 - LET'S Air Cav. Trp., 1 1th Arm'd Cav. Rgt. (Vietnam) 1 6553 GET TOGETHER 124th Engr. (WWII) 22383 Co. C, Staff Bn., HSG, GHQ, FEC - (Tokyo) 1 5323 1 32nd/498th Eng. Avn. Brigade Band 22374 Fukushima Military Government Team 22537 This column is for notices for the purpose of getting 1 36th Radio Security 22336 people together to hold a reunion. Notices should be 1 51 st Inf., Co. D, Airborne Rangers 22565 submitted on official forms that can be obtained by 158th RCT, 147th FA (Eastern Chapter) 22341 sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to VetNet, 160th Inf., Medical Co., 40th Div. (Korea) 20698 Navy THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE, P.O. Box 1055, 160th Inf., I Co. - (Korean War) 1 5482 Indianapolis, IN 46206. Unit names are published only 162nd Assault Hell. Co., 11th Combat Avn, Bn., 1st one time per unit per year. 136th Seabees 18432 Avn. Brig. (Vietnam) 22305 ATG-1/USS Boxer (1953) 22136 164th QM Bn. (MBL) & Med. Det. 22510 CBMU-599 WWII 17871 172nd Med. Bn., 33rd Div. 22623 LCI (G) 422,442,558,559,560,561 ,564,566,565,567, Army 1 73rd Assault Helicopter Co. 21 984 568,580,751,752 11138 204th Gen. Hospital (WWII) 22373 LST-668 18285 204th Ord. Med. Maint. 22372 LST-674 22606 1st Bn, 32nd FA Rgt(Germany,1971-78) 22176 229th Assault Helo. Bn., 1st Cav. Div. 22377 PC-1 176 14451 3rd Bn., 223rd Inf. Rgt., HQ Co. 2231 233rd Station Hosp. 22297 PC-1 204 14514 4th TRns Comm Assn (Siagon)l 1 th/71 st/1 25th/1 59th 245th CA AAA Gun & Missile Bns., NYNG 1 61 78 USN Armed Guard - USS Stormes/Warrington/ Bn 22052 287th Signal Co, 2nd ESB 221 94

Vogelgesang/Steinaker/Grand Canyon 1 8587 6th Traffic Gp. TC. (WWII) 22386 298th Engr. Base Depot Co. 1 41 22 USS Altair AD-11 Assn. 18361 7th Arm'd Sq, 17th Air Cav, Troop D 22040 310th Command Assn. HQ Co. 22150 USS Bi8cayneAVP-11/AGC-18 17497 7th Cav. Rgt., Hvy Mortar Co. 22348 353rd AAA (SL) Bn. (WWII) 22300 USS Block Island Assn. 18379 7th Div, 40th Signal Bn. Co B (Germany,1952-55) 387th Inf., 97th Div., Co. B 22571 USS Bon Homme Richard CV/CVA-31 Including air 22079 391 st Inf., Co. G, Hawaii & Japan (1 945-46) 22573 groups 18065 10th Signal Co. 22304 397th Engr. Depot Co. 22600 USS Brownson DD-86822646 1 1 th Inf. Rgt., 5th Div., Co. A 22356 424th Ord. Ammo Co. (Ft. Sill, OK/1 952-56) 22544 USS Chicago 18200 13th Machine Records Unit (MOBILE) 22522 483rd Engr. Maint. 22335

USS Chlkaskia AO-54 - (1943-69) 1 8533 18th Inf. Rgt., 1st Div., Germany 1952-53 22650 523rd MP Co. APG, Maryland (1 950-56) 22347 USS Currier DE-700 11053 20th Engr. Brigade (Vietnam) 22283 599th FABn. 22527 USS Izard DD-589 21 163 21stOrd. MMCo. 22577 630th Engr Light Equip. Co (Korea) 22078

USS Jack W. Wlike EDE-800 1 8382 22nd/77g7th Signal Depot, Hanau, Germany 22592 669th TOPO Engr., 1 5th Corps 22284

USS Karnes APA-1 75/7th Beach Bn. 1 7670 23rd Replacement Depot, HQ&HQ Co. 22632 741st Railway 22359

USS Lamson DD-367 1 7573 26th Cav Recon Troop, 26th Div 21 983 769th MP Bn., Co. B (WWII) 22506 USS Lyman K. Swenson DD-729 18149 29th Cav., Troop B (WWII) 22574 840th Engr. Avn. Bn, (Korea) 22635 USS Raleigh CL-7 Assn. 17744 34th General Hosp. (1 950-53) ALL 22290 932nd SIg. Bn., C Co. /47th Hvy SIg. Bn., A Co. 2261 USS Salinas 18254 36th Communications Security 22332 953rd FABn. 22368 USS Sands DD-243/APD-1 3 18494 40th Signal Bn. (Const.) 22310 972nd Signal Bn. APO 958th (WWII) 221 30

USS Shubrick DD-639 (WWII) 1 7881 40th Signal Bn. (Const.), B Co., 7th Army (Germany/ 1013th Engr. Treadway Bridge Co. 22517 USS Springfield CL-66/CLG-7/SSN-761 18364 1952- 55)22079 1052nd Engr. P.C. & R 22585 USS Talladega APA-208 18357 45th Med. Co. Air Ambul./54th MCAA 22365 1373rd Engr. Dump Truck Co. 22158 USSThomason DE-203 18297 50th Inf. Alrbrn. Long Range Recon. Patrol, 9th Inf. 3102nd Signal Ser. Bn. 22568 USS Warrick AKA-89 17852 Div. Co. E, (Vietnam) 22548 6936th Radio Security 22331 USS Whitney AD-4 22631 52nd AAA Bn. (Lt. 75 MM Mobile) Castle AFB/CA 6986th Security Flight 22337 USS Wyandot AKA-92 17916 1953- 65 22363 AAA OCSCIass-10 22138

42 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 6 9 9 3 2 3 4

AOC Class-29, Fort Riley KS, May, 5 1951 22520 USS Gen. W. G. Haan AP-1 58 22387 Army Special Training Program, Tarleton Agric. USS Gillette DE-681 (1943-45) 22564 College 14237 USS Gransville S. Hall YAG-40 "Project SHAD" 1 051 Marines Army Warshow Provisional Task Force (WWII) 22299 USS Hermitage P-54 Transport 21515

CAC 18th Camp Btry (Ringgold) Army Mine Planter USS Higbee DD-806 1 8692 Ship 22643 USS Hogan DMS-6 22317 3rd Air Wg.,23 Air Gp., 23rd Serv. Sq. 21 535 3rd Bn., 6th Rgt., 2nd Div., Camp Breckenridge, KY 1948-54 22621 USS Hopewell DD-681 22560 HQ Co. 22637 Bn. Landing Team 13 22547 Constabulary Assn. (Germany/1946-52) Outpost USS Howard F. Clark DE-533 22303 VMF(N) 531 22588 Area#5:IL,IN,OH,MI,WI 22535 USS Hugh L. Scott AP-43 (WWII) 22378 HQ Co Base X (Manila) 21 531 USS Hulbert AVD-6 (WWII) 22382

HQ I Corps SigSec (Korea) 2231 USS HunleyAS-31 (1968-70) 22639 IX Corps, HQ Co. 22566 USS Implicite MSO-455 22285 Military Gov. Of Korea-U.S. Army, Dept. Of Public USS James E. Kyes 221 54 Coast Guard Health & Welfare 22550 USS Jamestown 22366

OCS Class 23 (1942) 22647 USS John W. Thomason DD 760 1 8505 POW StalaglllB 22289 USS Kankakee AO-39 1 8060 Basic Training, Cape May, NJ Co. M-16, Jan. -April Scout Dog Handlers 22390 USS McCord DD-534 22633 1953 22555 SHAEF (Supreme HQ Allied Expedition Force) 22528 USS Neches AO-47 22645 Beach Patrol, Nantucket Island, MA (1 943) 22554 Signal Corps OCS Classes, Ft.Gordon, GA (1965-68/ USS Orleck DD-886 22539 Boat Patrol Sta. 1 1 8 (Grayton Beach, FL) 22526 Vietnam) 22594 USS Ozbourn DD-846 2261 Boat Pool, Ellis Island, NY (1943-45) 22393 STRATCOM 4/L Bn (Korea) 22124 USS Picket AGR-7 22350 LORAN Station, Palau, Caroline Islands (Anguar Is.) USSQuayle 22361 1954-55 22644 USS Ray SSN-653 22607 LST-763 10838 USS Rehoboth AVP-50 (WWII) 22540 Port Security, City Island, NY (1 942-44) 22288 Navy USS Renville APA-227 22306 USCGC Androscoggin, Miami Beach, 1955-56 22627 USS Requin SS/SSR-481 22649 USCGC Basswood W-388 (1 953-54) 22542 USS Saidor CVE-1 17 22309 USCGC Rockaway WAGO-377 22355 1 St Special Seabees (WWII) 22524 USS Shasta AE-6 (1953-55) 22572 USS Burlington PF 51 17024 6th Beach Patrol (Normandy D-Day) 22323 USS Sirona AKA-43 (WWII) 22570 USS Gen. George M. Randall 22342 7th Beach Bn. 22351 USS Swan 22362 USS Joseph T. Dickman, Engr. Dept., 1941-44 22612 37th Special Seabees, Co. D 22354 USS Sway AM-1 20 (1 943-45) 2251 92nd CB (WWII) 22301 USS Velocity AM-1 28 22556 133rd CB 22516 USS Wasp CV/CVA/CVS-18, CR(Radioman) Div. 16 (WWII) 22357 ACORN 22551 Beach Master Unit 2 22345 IVIiscellaneous USS Whiteriver LSMR-536 22370 Boat Repair, Navy 131 (1943-45) 22587 17759 Boot Camp Co. 442, San Diego (1943) 22324 VB/VPB-1 06 Boot Camp Co. 44-292, San Diego 22507 VC-35 22292 Overseas Brats (High School Students Overseas) VP-214 22533 Boot Camp Co. 79, Great Lakes NTS (05/41-07/91) 22583 22534 VP-57 Officers (1 952-54) 22578 Boot Camp Co. 52-256, NTC San Diego, 1952 22579 VU-1 NAS Barbers Pt. 22504 Boot Camp Co. 2104, Great Lakes, 11/1944 22589 YMS-241 22521 YMS-350 22575 Boot Camp Co. 5-51, NTC Bainbridge, Md. 22225 i\/lerchant l\/larine Boot Camp, 199 & QM-SM Sch. under Chief Driscoll Mar.-Oct. 1942 22525 CASU-42 22326 SS Bunker Hill (Tanker) 1942-44 22597 CASU-54, NAS Fallon, NV 22581 Air Force CBMU-610 (WWII) 14678 CBMU-624/617 (Okinawa 1945-46) 22083 DESRON-52/Miller/Owen/Sullivans/Potter/Tingey/ 3rd SPS (K-9, Ben Hoa) Vietnam 22334 Hickox/Hunt/Hancock/Marshall 22620 5th Mobile Comm. Gp. Vehicle Dispatch (Vietnam) FARFAN Radio-Panama Canal Zone(Sub. Base) 22562 1947-52 22385 1 5th Troop Carrier SQ. 22346 ¥)urReunion Fleet Marine Force Grunt Corpsmen 22545 79th Fighter Bomber Sq. (England 1952-55) 14004 99 Paint-shop Maint., Fleet Photographic Sq 1 (VD-1) 22048 CES Housing Westoner AFB, Floating Equip. Maint. Unit-P.T. Boats 21 968 1968-71 22584 123rd AirServ.Sq. 21495 CanBeThe Gen. A. E. Anderson AP-1 1 1 221 74 301 St. Air Serv. GRO-PAC 6, G6-38 22329 Gp., HQ & HQ Sq. 22298 LCI-648&763(R)22313 307th Fgtr. Sq., 31st Fgtr. Wg. (KOREA) 22530 LCS-61 (L) 22549 328th Supply Sq., 10th AF 1 5202 BestOimnized LCT-1236 WWII 22166 436th Security Police Sq 21487 Ftr Intcp. 21 Lion VIII, Navy 3256 (Okinawa, WWII) 22552 440th Sq 997 LSM-101 (WWII) 22340 51 2th/51 4th Weather Recon. Sqs. 1 401 Git)up^)Hit LSM-350 22624 S25th FIS Fighter Intercept Sq. 2231 LSM-g 22601 604th ACS (Combat Dragons A-37) 22500 LST-1 108 22553 632nd Air Police Sq. 22364 LST-1140 22314 1604th AB Wing, Kindley AFB, Bermuda (1968-71) TheBeach LST-1 24 10520 22648 LST-245/286/313 22628 61 60th Airbase (Japan) 22536 LST-350 22567 7470th HQ Support Sq., NATO Southern Europe Since LST-379 22626 (Korea Era) 22286 LST-491 (1944)21360 7582nd AB Sq. 22371 LST-920 22200 EOD Retirees Christmas Party 22238 Norraancfy. LST-945 22315 MACV-2 HQ (Cholon - Plaza Hotel, Saigon) 22333 MCB-53 Vietnam 1968-69 22636 Ramey AFB High School 14018 In Virginia Beach, some ofthe NAAS VT-21 (1960-62) 22582 NRMCB-2/28 22396 most impressive military planning NTC Bainbridge Electrician Class C-7-45 22321 we've done has been for reunions. PC-1132 22367 Army Air Forces PCE-897 22563 Our expert staff will work with you

River Assault 1 968-69/T-1 51-11) 1 Sq. 5 (1 0680 well in advance to make sure your Sampson NTS, Unit D, Co. 266 (1 944) 2231 1st Tow Target Sq 22358 Sampson NTS, Co-210, DSL, 09-12, 1944 22376 7th Aircraft Maint. Unit (Floating) 22328 gathering is a complete success. SC-1 326 22381 7th Tech Sch. Sq., Truax Field, Barracks-1456 (1943- Call Dick Kinsley today at SC-699 22360 44)22511 Sub Vets SS-269 22126 12th Repair Sq. 22595 804-437-4700, or write: Dept. of USSABSD-5 22325 25th Bomb Grp. - (Watton, England/1 944-45) 1 6974 Convention Visitor Development, USS Algol AKA-54 (1 944-70) 20345 68th TC Sq., 433rd TC Gp. (WWII) 22576 & Div. 409th Bomb Sq., gSrd Gp. (Heavy) 22529 USS Astoria CL-go, Charlie (1943-46) 22293 Bomb 2101 Parks Ave., Suite 500, Virginia USS BellatrixAKA-3 21539 4S0th BombGp. 22308 USS Catoctin AGC-5 (1 944-46) 22591 461 St Bomb Gp. Heavy (1 943-45) 22501 Beach, VA 23451. USS Concord AFS-5 (Jan,78-Jan,79) 22282 462nd Bomb Sq., 346th Bomb Gp. 22569 USS Cumberland Sound AV-1 7 (1 944-45) 22509 485th Ser. Sq., 9th Ser. Gp., 9th AF 22505 USS Denebola AO-1 2 - (Including Flag DIvs.) 1 8392 669th Mat. Sq. 22559 \^i§inia Beach Is USS Facomic AGC-17 221 78 877th Sig. Co., 16th ADG 22353 USS Fargo CL-1 06 22320 ATC, Air Transport Command, North African Div. Grai.Clean.Fim. USS Finnegan DE-307 22296 22291 USS Frank E. Evans 22287 Pilot Class 41-D 22338

DECEMBER 1991 43 theaters. Other naval experts, such as Norman Polmar, agree on the need for a U.S. SUBS smaller submarine, but suggest that CHRISTMAS CHILD Continued page 19 Continued page 25 from these boats be conventional instead of from nuclear powered. Polmar' s rationale is that foreign navies such as the Soviet Union's operate diesel submarines, Angeles attack subs, although the Navy, smiled for the Los which can sail in shallower waters than photographers in 1960s, encompass and headed designed the nuclear submarines and have the ability home with one of history's technological advances. The most unusual holiday numerous to shut down their engines entirely. The presents. the vessel the capa- latest version of has Navy, contends Polmar, needs to prac- The Keenans renamed him Daniel bility tQ. sail under the ice and is fitted Edward and called tice its anti-submarine warfare him Danny. Danny System for grew in with a new Vertical Launch capabilities against these stealthy subs. up Spokane and for the first land-attack and anti-ship seven years of his life, Tomahawk Since the U.S. close allies — the he knew nothing cruise missiles. Each boat also carries a United Kingdom, France, Germany about how he came to America or that of Harpoon anti-ship mis- he and his two sisters complement and Canada— operate a combined fleet came from dif- siles, Mk 48 torpedoes and mines. of approximately 60 conventional sub- ferent backgrounds. The latest improvement in the Los marines, peacetime training against That revelation came on a day he'll is the integration of the AN/ always remember. was seven, Angeles non-nuclear subs is possible. When He about BSY-1 submarine combat system from fighting alone against a Third World and he and his father were painting a IBM. The BSY-1 (pronounced "busy nation, however, U.S. SSNs may be fence. Dr. Keenan told him a story, one") integrates "navigation, sonar and ineffective against diesel submarines beginning with the words, "Once upon a time." weapons system data for improved operating in shallow coastal waters. The story was about a little locali- boy, found in target detection, classification, Because of their value as defensive by soldiers a foreign coun- zation, combat control and weapons and offensive platforms, nuclear attack try, cared for by sailors, adopted by an of 1 17 American family launch." The system consists submarines form an integral part of the and raised in Danny's processing units weighing 32 tons and United States' arsenal. ho