17. Closing Remark 423 17. Closing Remarks This book is an attempt to concisely summarize the development of firearms up to the end of the 19th century. Although an abundance of data from specialized literature, collections from private owners and museums was collected, evaluated and recorded in words, drawings and sketches, this document covers only a small part of this extensive subject. The history of the development of iron mining, refining, forging, welding and casting was touched on only superficially, even though these techniques were a deciding factor in the development of firearms, as well as other objects of utility. The same is true of bronze and brass casting. Many interesting questions in reference to the manufacturing of firearms remain to be answered, such as: • What did the first files look like and how were they made? • How long could they be used until they were dull? • When and where, were the first drills used? • When and how were the first threads made? • When were the first metal saws used? • How was the hard or soft soldering done to bond metal parts? • How were the high quality chisels, gravers and embossing tools made, so that engravings and reliefs of masterful beauty could be created? The history of the development of metal surface treatments such as bluing, gold plating and the hardening would also be of major interest. As well, task which today are taken for granted like drying wood free of cracks, its handling, the sanding, staining and finishing had first to be developed. Today, we have no concept how the effort, the sorrow, the fears, the suffering and the oppression relating to the development and availability of firearms and their actions, influenced and affected previous generations. We can only respectfully remember those individuals involved and attempt to do our part, so that the world will hold a better future. 424 17. Closing Remark Fig. 16 – 3 Ca. 1600: Musketeer Jaques De Gheyn, Manuskript «Le Maniement d’Armes»; Photo: PehaL, page 38 Index 425 Index A Catalan Snaphaunce Lock, 270 Acknowledgment, 15 Cedrenos, Georgius, 69 Adams-Revolver, 332 Cellulose Nitrate, 82 Agricola, Georgius, 72, 84, 86, 88, 91, 93 ff. Charrin, 151 - 154 Air Gun M1779, Austria , 45 Chasing and Repousé with Hammer, 343 Albini, Augusto, 256 Chasing 338 Allin, 253 Chassepot Cartridge, 166 Ammunition Packaging, 169 Chassepot, Antoine Alphonse, 247 Aneas, 69 Chisel Work, 357 Arquebus Stocks, 296 Chiseled Forging. 348 Arrows, 145, 150 Claessen, Franz, 328 Artistic Decorations on Firearms, 337 Cleuter, Leonhard, 328 Augustin, Vincenz, 231 Clouet, Francois, 138 Cluster Bomb, 158 B Coehorn, 420 Bacon, Roger, 71, 417 Conquerors, 59 Balkan Pistol Handles, 331 Console, Giuseppe, 48, 230 Balkan Pistol Handles, 331 Construction, 277 Ball Shape Pistol Handles, 315 Converted Percussion Locks, Internal Spring, 230 Ballistic Experts, 59 Converted Breech Locks, 252 Bandoliers of Musketeers, 380 Copper Engravings, 349 Bandoliers, 163 Copper, 83 Barrel Maker, 61, 64 Craecus, Markus, 70 Basic Timber Stocks, 292 Craftsmen for Decorative Work, 63 Beak Shape Pistol Handles, 322 Crolius, 79 Bent Pistol Handles, 325 Bernese Hand Gun, 23 D Bersaglieri, 244 Dagger Pistol Handles, 312 Berthollet, Claude Louis, 79, 227 Damascening Inlay, 361 Black Powder Manufacturing , 74 Damascus, Refining 141 Black Powder, 70 Damascus Barrels, Forging Techniques 138 Black Powder Storage, 377 Damascus Steel, 137 Black Powder Mixes, 73 Damascus Smith, 61 Black Powder Storage at th Artillery, 379 Damascus, Assortment of Barrel 142 Black Powder and Ammunition Transport, 378 Damascus, Designation, 142 Bluing, 366 Damascus, Historical Overview, 137 Bone Engravings 375 Damask Engraving, 356 Böttger, Rudolf Christian, 81, 422 Dardanellengeschütz, 28, 88, 105, 418 Boxer Cartridge 166 Decorations with Surface Refined Damask, 367 Braendlin, J. A., 255 Decorative Embossing 341 Brescian Flintlock, 273 Deringer, Henry, 323 Brescian Snaphaunce Lock, 272 Derringer Pistol, 55, 323 Bronze, 87 Design of Powder Horns, 383 Bronze Cannon Barrel, Manufacturing, 130 Designers, 59, 64 Bronze Balls, 146, 150 Designers, 59 Broutet, Nicolas, 46 Detachable Stock, 336 Browning, 366 Dörsch and Von Baumgarten, 246, 247 Burton, James H., 154 Double Wall Gun Stocks, 295 Button Release, Matchlock with Mainspring, 265 Dreyse, Nicolaus, 245, 246 Dreyse Cartridge, 164 C Dreyse, Franz, 249 Cabinet Maker, 62 Duck Pistol, 44 Callinikus, 69 Dutch Snaphaunce Lock, 268 Canon Tordu Damascus, 138 Carcano, M., 249 E Cartridge, Lindner, 165 Early Arquebus Stocks, 294 Cartridge Designs, 164 Edged Decorations, 359 Cast Iron Stone Gun, 25 Egg, Joseph, 47, 230, 421 426 Index Electrical Ignition, 420 Horn Shaped Powder Horn, 386 Encrustation, 363 Howard, Charles Eduard, 79 English Snaphaunce Lock, 269 Engraving in Horn, 375 I Europe Damascus, 138 Ignition Pellets, 230 Expansion Projectiles, 147, 153 Ignition Devices, 181 Ignition Tape as Ignition Method, 243 F Ignition Tape Lock, 243 Faule Metze, 418 Incendiary Projectiles, 148, 159 Firearms History,16th Century, 31 Inlay Work, 373 Firearms History,14th Century, 22 Inventors, 59 Firearms History,18th Century, 40 Iron Rods, 291 Firearms History,19th Century, 46 Iron Fist Barrel, 23 Firearms History,17th Century, 36 Iron, 92 Firearms, Definition, 18 Iron Bolls, 146, 150 Firearms History,15th Century, 26 Iron Pyrite, 78 Firearms History,13th Century, 21 Fishtail Pistol Handles, 313 K Flash Pan, 183 Flat Engraving, 353 L Flint Lock with internal Cock Spring, 217 Large Powder Containers, 377 Flint as Ignition Method, 79, 206 Lead, 90 Flint Box Lock, 275 Lead Balls, 146, 150 Flintlock with external Cock Spring, 215 Lebeda, Ferdinand, 251 Flobert, Nicols, 422 Lebel Cartridge , 167 Florentine Snaphaunce Lock, 271 Lebel, Nicolas, 258 Forge Embossing, 339 Lee, Henry, 260 Forging of the Tiber Iron Barrel, 124 - 127 Lefaucheux Pin Fire Breech Lock, 250 Forging of Iron Barrel, 124 Lefaucheux Casimir, 249 Forging of an Armstrong Cannon Barrel, 135 Lefaucheux Cartridge, 64 Fork Shaped Powder Horn, 384 Lenders-Lambin, 248 Forsyth, Alexander, 427 Leonardo da Vinci, Wheel Lock, 30, 31, 417 Forward to Book, 13 Lock Smith, 61 French Flint Lock, 274 Löffelholz, 197 French Stocks, 306 Loshult Bronze Barrel, 22, 101, 296, 415 Friction Lock, 195 Loshult Barrel, Founding, 118 Front Sites Pictures, 178 Fuse, 76 M Machine Engraving, 358 G Machined Sheet Metal Embossing, 347 German Set Trigger,, 285 Magnus, Alberta, 71, 417 German Hunting Stocks, 299 Mannlicher, Ferdinand, 259 German Riffle Stocks, 305 Manton, J., 230 Gold Plating, 365 Marquetry in Wood, 373 Greek Fire, 69 Martini, 257 Gun Smith, 60, 64, 65, 66 Martini-Enfield, 54 Gun Barrel, Historical Overview, 99 Match as Ignition Method, 189 Gun Barrels, 99 Match Lock, 189 Gun Barrel Configurations, 113 Mauser, Peter Paul, 422 Gun Barrel Attachment 115 Mauser Cartridge, 167 Gun Cotton Cartridge, 165 Maynard, Edward, 81, 243, 421 Gun Barrel Design, 101 Metal Cartridge with Rim Fire, 166, 252 Metal Cartridge with Center Fire, 149, 166 H Milbank-Amsler, 255 Hand Cannon Handles, 311 Milemete, Walter, de, 22, 417 Hand Thrown Objects, 145 Mons Meg, 24, 103 Handling of a Musket, 412 Mont-Storm Cartridge, 166 Handling of Firearms, 393 Moravek, Ferdinand, 226 Harmonica Pistol, 52 Harpers Ferry Armory, 154 N Henry, Tyler, 422 Needle Set Trigger, 278 - 281 History 20th Century, 57 Needle Ignition Locks, 245 Index 427 Nicetas, 69 Rifle Barrel Manufacturing 128 Niello Work, 364 Rifle Stocks, 287 Nümberg Snaphaunce, 33, 267 Rifling Profiles, 110 Roll Embossing, 345 O Round Shaped Powder Horn, 389 Objective of this Book, 17 Organ Gun, 27, 38, 100 S Ornament Embossing, 342 Saddler and Strap Cutter, 62 Salpotika Shooting Powder, 76 P Schmidt, Rudolf, 55 Packaged Loads and Paper Cartridges, 148 Schönbein, Christian Friederich, 81, 422 Paper Cartridges with integrated Primer, 148 Schwarz, Berthold, 71 Parlour Rifle , 56 Segalas, Israel, 42 Patzelt, Stanislaus, 226 Serpentine with Mainspring, Button Release , 264 Pauly, Johannes Samuel, 80, 164, 421 Serpentine, Moving Release, 263 Pauly Cartridge, 164 Set Triggers, Construction, 277 Peabody, Henry O., 257 Set Triggers, Historical Overview, 277 Peabody Cartridge, 167 Set Triggers, Basic Systems, 277 Pear Shape Pistol Handles, 318 Set Triggers, Requirement, 277 Pear Shaped Powder Horn, 388 Sharps Christian, 243 Pepper Box Revolver, 323 Shattuck-Unique-Pistol, 58 Pepper Box Revolver, 48 Shaw, J. 230 Percussion Locks with Forward Mainspring, 235 Sheet Metal Chasing, 244 Percussion Lock with external Spring, 237 Shooting Tool Accouterments for Horsemen, 382 Percussion Caps, 80, 230 Shot Release, Requirements, 263 Percussion Caps Package, 169 Shot Release, Mechanism, 263 Petronel Stocks, 297 Shrapnel, Henry, 159, 422 Pictures of Rear Sights, 172 Sights, 172 Pine Cone Pistol Handles, 317 Sights, Historical Overview, 171 Pistol Grip Stocks, 308 Silver Plating, 365 Pistol Handles, Remarks, 311 Single Shot Breech Loader, New Construction, 256 Pointed Projectiles, 147, 151 Snaphaunce Lock, 206 Pottet, Clement, 242 Snider, Jacob, 252 Powder Horns, 383 Snider Breech Loading Carbine, 51, 252 Powder Containers, 377 Speciality Pistol Handles, 334 Presentation Pistol Handles, 328 Specialty Shape Powder Horn, 391 Presentation Powder Horns, 390 Steel Engraving, 350 Priming Powder, 76 Stepped Timber Stocks, 293 Prince, Frederick, 256 Stock Shapes and Selections in Wood, 368 Protector Pistol, 54 Stone Mason, 60 Puckle, James, 40 Stone Balls, 146, 150 Pull Back Set Trigger, 283 Stub Twist Damascus, 139 Pullback Set