Excerpt from Richard Ballantyne's Journal

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Excerpt from Richard Ballantyne's Journal This is a transcribed copy of an excerpt from a typed copy of a handwritten journal written by Richard Ballantyne. It is available on microfilm at the following address: Church Archives, Family and Church History Department 15 East North Temple Street Salt Lake City, Utah 84150 P/O Manuscript MS 2082 Footnotes for clarification and additional family history information have been added by the transcriber, M. Dee Humpherys. Some minor editing for punctuation and spelling has been done. Excerpt from Richard Ballantyne’s Journal Volume 1, September 28, 1852 to March 13, 1853 Brief Biography [1st Account] I, Richard Ballantyne, was born at Shielfield, parish of Earlstown, Berwickshire, Scotland, August 26, 1817. My father’s name was David, and my mother’s name Ann Bannerman. My father was a farmer, and at one time owned a valuable property in houses and land. He was, however dispossessed of all he had in consequence of being surety for others. About the time of my birth, being about seventy four years1 of age, he was reduced to the necessity of providing for his young and tender family by the sweat of his brow, having to hire himself for so much per day. He was a man of unblemished character and upright in all his dealings. He greatly feared the Lord and delighted in His service. He loved the Holy Scriptures. Many portions of which he committed to memory, which he used to repeat for his own comfort and the instruction of his family. Also, when he was old, and his eyes were dim, that he could not see to read, he used to repeat a chapter at the time of family worship. He always gave thanks to God when he sat down to eat and before he rose up from table, and would not take a drink of cold water till he had first given thanks to his Maker. He was punctual in attending public worship, and always took as many of his children with him as could go. He had a great veneration for the Sabbath, and would suffer none of his family to work or engage in any kind of triffling amusements on that sacred day. He was diligent in teaching his children to fear, love, and serve God; and set before us an example of great piety and devotion to the service of his Creator. He died at Springhall, near Kelso, Roxburgshire, Scotland, in the eighty fifth year2 of his age. The night before his death he heard a voice three times saying, “David, David, come away,” This had a very solemn effect on the mind of my beloved mother and those of the family who were at home. He was buried in Ednam Churchyard, and shortly afterwards an attempt was made at midnight to take his body out of the grave by some wicked men who no doubt intended to sell his body to the Doctors. But they were alarmed in the attempt and fled, and next day my mother and I went to the grave and found his body there. We then had the grave secured with an iron “safe”, an article much used at that time by the people of Scotland to secure the dead from the sacrilegious hands of Doctors and those employed by them. This event caused my mother much sorrow and also others of our family. My father died before hearing the fullness of the Gospel, but no doubt would have received it had he lived; and this lays us, his children, under duty to be baptized for him, as well as to attend to all the ordinances for his salvation, that he may come forth on the first Resurrection through the power and glory of the Lamb that was slain. And to God be all the glory for the provisions of his grace. 1Richard thought his father was born in 1843, not in 1848, which was learned later from parish records. 2This, by Richard’s reckoning, would be a death year of 1828. In his other accounts, he gives a death year of 1829. 2 My mother was left in charge of a young and tender family, consisting of my brother Peter, sister Jane, Sister Annie, my brother James and myself. I was at that time about twelve years of age; my brother Peter and sister Jane were older, and my sister Annie and brother James younger than myself. Through great industry, toil, good management and economy, my mother, with a little aid from her children, was blessed of God to comfortably provide for her family, so that we all had a neat and comfortable appearance. But I can never reflect upon my mother’s love to her family, and the many sleepless nights and weary days that she spent, without shedding tears of love and affection. For, if ever a mother excelled in virtuous labors for her beloved offspring, my mother deserves to rank with such, and obtain the highest exaltation. Shortly after the death of my father, my mother with myself, and my younger brother and sister, removed to Lightfield, where I labored to assist my mother as much as I could. My sister Jane was in the service, at this time, of a Gentleman by the name of Crawford, and my brother Peter was also employed away from home in farm service. While residing here, my mother, in accordance with a great desire on my part, put me out as an apprentice to Mr. Gray of Earlston to learn the baking trade. My mother, with my brother Peter and sister Annie, and brother James, shortly afterward removed to Mellerstain, where my brother James died, and was buried in the church yard of Earlston. On this occasion I was much affected and wept much. But a heavier affliction yet awaited my mother and her family. My brother Peter, who was the oldest surviving member of the family, was affected with insanity of mind, and became so dangerous to my mother that we had to take him to the Chrighton Institution at Dumfries, where he remained for a few years, till we were leaving Scotland, when we took him with us to Nauvoo, then the gathering place for the Saints of God. After my apprenticeship had expired I engaged in the service of a Mr. Riddle, [of] Kelso, whose business I had the charge of. While in this employ, as I was walking out one morning, a long while before day, I had an open vision of the Son of Man. The glory of His appearance, and the joy with which my soul was filled was such that for several days I shunned all society, and gave myself to prayer, meditation, and thanksgiving. No one could describe the feelings which I then had. I was afraid to mingle with the world lest its unhallowed influence should again darken my mind and destroy the ineffable peace and serenity which I then enjoyed. The ways of men seemed foolish and vain in my sight, and I wept over their folly and the unreasonableness of their conduct. One seemed to be going one way, and another, another way, looking for their gain from their quarter. But I soon found that this heaven could not continue, for as I again began to mingle with the world my joy and light began to diminish. I had not yet heard the Gospel, nor been baptized for the remission of my sins, yet God had compassion upon me, and showed me a portion of His glory. For, I was serving Him with much prayer, and desiring a knowledge of His ways. I was engaged in teaching the young on Sabbath, and in meeting after with those who professed to love the Lord Jesus Christ. This was about the year 1837, when I was in my twentieth year. In Eighteen hundred and thirty nine I removed from Kelso to Earlston, a distance of eleven miles, where I commenced business for myself. My beloved sister Jane left her place of service, and came to keep house for me. My mother afterward came and resided with me, also. My sister Annie was at this time married to a young man whose name was William Allen. They resided in Edinburgh, the Metropolis of Scotland. He was a lawyer by profession. In eighteen hundred and forty two my mother, sister Jane, and myself, obtained a Book of Mormon, and having obtained a witness of the Holy Ghost that Joseph Smith was a true prophet, and the Book of Mormon a divine Record, were, at different times, baptized for the remission of our sins, and received the Holy Spirit through the laying on of the hands3. We were all baptized in the waters of Leith, about thirty miles from Earlston, where we still resided. Elder Henry McCune baptized me, and confirmed me. 3Sister Annie was baptized 10 Sep 1842, ten days before sister Jane. Mother Ann was baptized 21 May 1843. 3 As I was in public business, and the prejudice of the people very great against the gospel, I ran the risk of losing all my friends, my business, and good name, by being baptized. Nevertheless, I resolved to obey God even should I lose all that I had and be reduced to poverty and want, which indeed seemed the only prospect when I made a covenant to serve my God. But cursed is he that maketh man his trust and relieth on an arm of flesh. The Lord, however, was very gracious to us, and overruled the prejudice of the people, softening their hearts, so that in August 1843 the Lord enable us to accumulate as much money as was necessary to take us comfortably to the Nauvoo Stake of Zion.
Recommended publications
  • 30 June, 2000 Update
    6 January 2013 update 18 June 2006 update 1785 To 1888 England to Utah Timeline starts on page 3 akrc PC:Word:RowWmTmLn april coleman, 2608 E Camino, Mesa, AZ 85213 (602)834-3209 email [email protected] “The exodus would ever be more trial than trail.” “Come, calm or strife, turmoil or peace, life or death, in the name of Israel’ s God we mean to conquer or die trying.” Pres. Brigham Young, as quoted by, Richard E Bennett, “Winter Quarters,” Ensign, 40-53 “In all its history, the American West never saw a more unlikely band of pioneers than the four hundred-odd who were camped on the bank of the Iowa River at Iowa City in early June, 1856. There were more women than men, more children under fifteen than either. One in every ten was past fifty, the oldest a woman of seventy-eight; there were widows and widowers with six or seven children. Most of them, until they were herded from their crowded immigrant ship and loaded into the cars and rushed to the end of the Rock Island Line and dumped on the brink of the West, had never pitched a tent, slept on the ground, cooked outdoors, built a campfire. They had not even the rudimentary skills that make frontiersmen. But it turned out, that they had the stuff that makes heroes”. Wallace Stegner, The Gathering of Zion SARAH ANN, ELIZA, ABIGAIL, SUZANNE Pioneer Sesquicentennial Project - akrc March 1997 SARAH ANN, ELIZA, ABIGAIL, SUZANNE, What did you leave when you left your home land? When you followed a husband, who followed his God? Would you have come, if you had known the path your feet would trod? Suzanne back in France so long ago, across waters, wide and deep, That long trip to New York, And a language you couldn't speak.
    [Show full text]
  • EDUCATION in ZION We Move Forward Faithfully Into the Future Only by Understanding Our Past
    EDUCATION IN ZION We move forward faithfully into the future only by understanding our past. Our founding stories reveal to us the higher purposes for which our forebears strove, and help us know the path that we should follow. Come unto me … and learn of me. —Matthew 11:28–29 I am the light, and the life, and the truth of the world. —Ether 4:12 I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit. —John 15:5 I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. —John 10:11 Feed my lambs. … Feed my sheep. —John 21:15–17 As Latter-day Saints, we believe Christ to be the Source of all light and truth, speaking through His prophets and enlightening and inspiring people everywhere. Therefore, we seek truth wherever it might be found and strive to shape our lives by it. In the Zion tradition, we share the truth freely so that every person might learn and grow and in turn strengthen others. From our faith in Christ and our love for one another, our commitment to education flows. Feed My Lambs, Feed My Sheep, by a BYU student, after a sculpture in the Vatican Library Hand-tufted wool rug, designed by a BYU student Circular skylight, Joseph F. Smith Building gallery [L] “Feed My Lambs … Feed My Sheep,” by a BYU student, after a sculpture in the Vatican Library [L] Hand-tufted wool rug, designed by a BYU student [L] Circular skylight, Joseph F.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the Missionary Activities of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in India, 1849-1856
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 1964 A History of the Missionary Activities of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in India, 1849-1856 R. Lanier Britsch Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Missions and World Christianity Commons, and the Mormon Studies Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Britsch, R. Lanier, "A History of the Missionary Activities of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in India, 1849-1856" (1964). Theses and Dissertations. 4556. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4556 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 0 there is nothing more heroic in our church annals than the labors and sufferings of these brethren of the mission ta india Bbo Hho roberts ofooroC riftr vat 0 IV af 7777- 73 1 101.0to W W A HISTORY OF THE missionary activities OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTERDAYLATTER DAY SAINTS IN INDIA 184918561849 1856 A thesis presented to the department of history brigham young university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of arts by ralph lanier britschbrits oh july 1964 PREFACE AND acknowledgementsACKNOWLEDGEMENTS the continent of asia is vast and heavily populated A greater understanding of this important
    [Show full text]
  • 1895 Reminisces of Richard Ballantyne
    This is a transcribed copy of a handwritten journal, written in a “University Notebook”, dated and signed by Richard Ballantyne. It is available on microfilm at the following address: Church Archives, Family and Church History Department 15 East North Temple Street Salt Lake City, Utah 84150 Manuscript MS 7151 3-4 (vol. 1 & vol. 2) Footnotes for clarification and additional family history information have been added by the transcriber, M. Dee Humpherys. Some transcription was done by the staff of the Church History Library. Some minor editing for punctuation and spelling has been done. Bold face on text in the body of the manuscript indicates text underlined by Richard for emphasis. 1895 Reminiscences of Richard Ballantyne [4th Account] Ogden City, Utah 12 February 1895 Having only in the past written quite imperfectly regarding my biography, or ancestry, I now make a fresh attempt to revise and supplement past efforts: And hope my health, with the blessings of God, will enable me to compile, in order, the scraps I have formerly written, and will mark this tablet No. 1 of the Series. The journals I wrote while on a mission to India (or Hindustan) are quite full in detail, and I will consequently not rewrite them. But as they, on account of frequent sickness, do not contain some matters of much importance, I will include such omissions in this memoranda. s/ Richard Ballantyne Chapter 1 Beginning with my ancestry I here state that my father’s name was David Ballantyne. He was born in the year 1743 and died in 18291 being then 86 years of age.
    [Show full text]
  • The Emergence and Development of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter–Day Saints in Staffordshire, 1839–1870
    UNIVERSITY OF CHICHESTER An accredited institution of the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Department of History The Emergence and Development of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter–day Saints in Staffordshire, 1839–1870 by David Michael Morris Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy This thesis has been completed as a requirement for a higher degree of the University of Southampton November 2010 UNIVERSITY OF CHICHESTER An accredited institution of the University of Southampton ABSTRACT DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Doctor of Philosophy The Emergence and Development of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter–day Saints in Staffordshire, 1839–1870 By David Michael Morris This thesis analyses the emergence, development and subsequent decline of the LDS Church in Staffordshire between 1839 and 1870 as an original contribution to nineteenth–century British regional and religious history. I begin by examining the origins of the US Mormon Mission to Britain and a social historical study of the Staffordshire religious and industrial landscape. In order to recover the hidden voices of Staffordshire Mormon converts, I have constructed a unique Staffordshire Mormon Database for the purposes of this thesis containing over 1,900 records. This is drawn upon throughout, providing the primary quantitative evidence for this fascinating yet neglected new religious movement. From the data I explore the demographic composition of Staffordshire Mormonism using a more precise definition of class than has been the case previously, whilst also considering gender and
    [Show full text]
  • Mormon Transmigration Through Quincy, Illinois, and Hannibal, Missouri
    Fred E. Woods: Mormon Transmigration, Quincy and Hannibal 119 Two Sides of a River: Mormon Transmigration through Quincy, Illinois, and Hannibal, Missouri Fred E. Woods Quincy, Illinois, as a Place of Refuge for the Latter-day Saints The infamous extermination order issued 27 October 1838 by Missouri Governor Lilburn W. Boggs caused thousands of Latter-day Saints to flee the state and seek refuge in Illinois across the Mississippi River. Illinois, estab- lished in 1817, had high hopes for its future, but just two decades later it was smitten, like the rest of America, with the economic depression of 1837. In such a needy condition, the people of Illinois welcomed the Mormon migrants for three central reasons. Financially motivated, the state viewed the Latter-day Saint influx as an opportunity to raise its population to boost the economy through the collection of taxes. Politically driven, the Whigs and the Democrats sought to secure the Mormon block vote. Finally, and more philanthropically, there was a genuine humanitarian appeal, as evi- denced primarily in the good citizens of Quincy who simply desired to relieve the Mormon exiles of their wretched conditions of homelessness and hunger in the winter of 1839.1 On 27 February 1839, the Democratic Association of Quincy appointed a committee to relieve, so far as in their power, the wants of the destitute and homeless and to strive diligently to find employment for those who were willing to labor. The association recommended that Quincy’s citizens’ inter- FRED E. WOODS is an Associate Professor of Church History and Doctrine at Brigham Young University.
    [Show full text]
  • One of the Great Strengths of the Church of Jesus Christ Of
    A Firm Foundation David J. Whittaker 28 Mormon Administrative and Organizational History: A Source Essay ne of the great strengths of The Church of Jesus Christ of O Latter-day Saints is its institutional vitality. Expanding from six members in 1830 to fourteen million in 2010, its capacity to govern and manage an ever-enlarging membership with a bureaucracy flexible enough to provide for communication and growth but tight enough to ensure control and stability is an important but little-known story. The essential functions of the Church were doctrinally mandated from its earliest years, and the commands to keep records have assured that accounts of its activities have been maintained. Such historical records created the essential informational basis necessary to run the institu- tion. These records range from membership to financial to the institu- tional records of the various units of the Church, from the First Presi- dency to branches in the mission field. David J. Whittaker is the curator of Western and Mormon Manuscripts, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, and associate professor of history at Brigham Young University. A Firm Foundation The study of Latter-day Saint ecclesiology has been a challenge until recently. As yet, the best studies remain in scholarly monographs, often unknown or unavailable. It is the purpose of this essay to highlight this emerging literature by complementing the essays assembled in this volume. OUTLINE Historical Studies General Histories 1829–44 The Succession Crisis 1847–77 1878–1918
    [Show full text]
  • Mormon Manuscript Materials in Utah State University's Special
    Stephen C. Sturgeon: Utah State University Special Collections 137 Mormon Manuscript Materials in Utah State University’s Special Collections and Archives1 Stephen C. Sturgeon The Division of Special Collections and Archives located in the Merrill Library at Utah State University, Logan, Utah, is composed of six different sections (Manuscripts, Photographs, University Archives, Rare Books, Preservation, and Art and Book Arts). Although each of these sections focuses on collecting different types of materials, one major focus for Special Collections as a whole is Mormon history. Although the division itself has existed only since 1965, Utah State University’s collection of Mormon materials dates back to 1916 when the university spent its entire book bud- get to purchase the Eli H. Peirce library. This collection contained almost seven hundred books focusing on Mormon and Utah history.2 Since then, USU’s collection of Mormon materials has steadily grown, and now it is one of the top ten in the country and one of the largest held by a public institu- tion. What follows is a brief list of some of the major Mormon manuscript collections at USU. Processed Collections Alunite, Utah, Branch LDS Records (Mss 207)—Minutes of sacra- ment meetings and membership rosters covering the period 1917–20. Alunite was a mining town during World War I but subsequently was aban- doned after the war. Edgar B. Brossard (Mss 4 and 220)—Personal and professional papers of a thirty-five- year member (1925–60) of the United States Tariff Commission, who also served in numerous LDS Church positions through- STEPHEN C.
    [Show full text]
  • Utah State Alumni Quarterly, Vol. 18 No. 4, May 1941
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Utah State Magazine Publications 5-1941 Utah State Alumni Quarterly, Vol. 18 No. 4, May 1941 Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/utahstatemagazine Recommended Citation Utah State University, "Utah State Alumni Quarterly, Vol. 18 No. 4, May 1941" (1941). Utah State Magazine. 86. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/utahstatemagazine/86 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Utah State Magazine by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UtaltState Alumni Quarten Vol.XVIII May 1941 To So Love the Trudi The debt uf h11Dl811 kind IO the scholu lhe patient, often persecu d, .blQel' of n trails, the diaco of aew truth, mounts higher and yet higher 88 the frui of learning and all hon t thought b the world. To 80 love the truth that you can be Joyal to nothing else is, after all, the end and the glory of life. -Pruident E. G. Peter&0n President and Mrs. E. G. Peterson 1941 Summer Session AT THE UTAH STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE Opens June 9 Closes July 18 In addition to a full schedule of regular courses in under­ graduate and graduate work, three important conferences will be held during the session. June 9 - June 27 CURRICULUM CONFERENCE IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION Jennie Campbell, State Director of Elementary Education, Director Dr. John L. Childs, Teachers College Dr. Paul Misner, Northwestern University, and many others will participate.
    [Show full text]
  • Telling the Story of Mormon History
    Telling the Story of Mormon History William G. Hartley Editor Proceedings of the 2002 Symposium of the Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History at Brigham Young University Contents INTRODUCTION v HISTORIANS AND INTERPRETING THE STORY The Story of A Disciples Life: 1 Preparing the Biography of Elder Neal A. Maxwell Bruce C. Hafen George Q. Cannon and the Faithful Narrative of Mormon History 9 Davis Bitton Telling the Untold Story: Emmeline B. Wells as Historian 17 Carol Cornwall Madsen Humor on the Trail of Mormon History 23 Melvin L. Bashore Writing Ward Histories: Mormon Wards as Communities 27 Jessie L. Embry Improving the Telling of Native American and 31 Mormon Contacts in Frontier Utah Robert H . Briggs Handling Sensitivities in LOS History: A Panel Discussion 41 John W Welch (moderator), Richard C. Bennett, Doris R. Dant, and Steven Sorensen HISTORIANS' THEORIES AND METHODS The Mormon Positivismu.ftreit: Modern vs. Postmodern 49 Approaches to Telling the Story of Mormonism Alan Goff Many Mansions: 65 The Postmodern Critique and a New Faithful History Stephen C. Taysom Telling the Story of Mormon History: 75 The James Moyle Oral History Program Matthew K. Heiss Education in Pioneer Utah: A Quantitative Approach 81 Tally S. Payne lll SEEKING THE STORY OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHURCH African Converts without Baptism: 97 A Unique and Inspiring Chapter in Church History E. Dale LeBaron The Historiography of Latter-day Saints in the Pacific 101 Grant Underwood Selected Bibliography: Historiography of the Church in Eastern Europe 119 Kahlile B. Mehr HISTORIC SITES AND PERIOD LIFE STYLES Historic Sites as Institutional Memory 121 Steven L.
    [Show full text]
  • Wives of Joshua Thomas Willis 284
    WHEN YOU KNOW YOU PAST YOU UNDERSTAND YOURSELF THE JOSHUA THOMAS WILLIS STORY A Closure Project Submitted to the Degrees By Independent Study Program Brigham Young University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requ irements for the Bachelors of Independent Studies Degree By SK Rice December 2002 The following pages have been remo ved due to promises made to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints. The pages removed were promised only for family and the degree. Pages 268-281 This Closure Project, by Shareene K. Strem, is accepted in its present form by the Degrees by Independent Study department as satisfying partial requirements for the Bachelor of Independent Studies degree. Don Norton, Faculty Advisor v. ^aa^Im^S Date Ellen Allred, Director Degrees by Independent Study ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures xiii Foreword xv Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Coming To America 2 Thomas Willis 2 Richard Willis Sr 3 Richard Willis Jr 4 Joseph Willis .. 5 Thomas Willis - - 5 Merrel Willis 6 Chapter Notes - • 8 Chapter 3: Birth and Background 10 Home Education 11 McLeansboro 11 Chapter Notes 13 Chapter 4: Joshua Thomas' Mentor William Wesley 14 The Move to Dewitt, Missouri 14 The Hauns Mill Aviodance 16 The Willis Family at Far West, Missouri . , 17 The Return to Illinois 19 Chapter Notes 20 Chapter 5: Life Changes 21 Joshua Marries Dosha 21 Merrel and Margaret Meet the Prophet 22 Merrel and Mary Pass Away 22 Joshua and Dosha's Family Grow 23 News of Joseph and Hyrum's Death 23 iii Death of Joshua's Wife and Children 24 Chapter Notes 25 Chapter 6: Travel into the Unknown 26 Going West 26 Joshua is a Captain in John Taylor's Company 27 Mormon Battalion Assembled .
    [Show full text]
  • The Walker War Reconsidered
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive All Theses and Dissertations 2010-12-13 The alW ker War Reconsidered Ryan Elwood Wimmer Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the History Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Wimmer, Ryan Elwood, "The alW ker War Reconsidered" (2010). All Theses and Dissertations. 2461. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2461 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Walker War Reconsidered Ryan E. Wimmer A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Brian Cannon, Chair Kathryn Daynes Jay Buckley Department of History Brigham Young University December 2010 Copyright © 2010 Ryan E. Wimmer All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The Walker War Reconsidered Ryan E. Wimmer Department of History Master of Arts In July of 1853, Chief Wakara’s band of Utes clashed in a series of violent confrontations with the Mormon settlers. This conflict is known as the Walker War. Many complex factors contributed to this war. After some earlier violence between Mormons and different bands of Utes between 1847 and 1851, the Mormons continued their quick expansion settling on Ute lands. From 1851 to 1853 Mormon and Ute relations continued to decline as Mormons expanded their settlements occupying Ute hunting grounds. In addition to these land encroachments, new laws were enacted regulating trade between the Spanish and Utes by Brigham Young.
    [Show full text]