EDUCATION in ZION We Move Forward Faithfully Into the Future Only by Understanding Our Past
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EDUCATION IN ZION We move forward faithfully into the future only by understanding our past. Our founding stories reveal to us the higher purposes for which our forebears strove, and help us know the path that we should follow. Come unto me … and learn of me. —Matthew 11:28–29 I am the light, and the life, and the truth of the world. —Ether 4:12 I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit. —John 15:5 I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. —John 10:11 Feed my lambs. … Feed my sheep. —John 21:15–17 As Latter-day Saints, we believe Christ to be the Source of all light and truth, speaking through His prophets and enlightening and inspiring people everywhere. Therefore, we seek truth wherever it might be found and strive to shape our lives by it. In the Zion tradition, we share the truth freely so that every person might learn and grow and in turn strengthen others. From our faith in Christ and our love for one another, our commitment to education flows. Feed My Lambs, Feed My Sheep, by a BYU student, after a sculpture in the Vatican Library Hand-tufted wool rug, designed by a BYU student Circular skylight, Joseph F. Smith Building gallery [L] “Feed My Lambs … Feed My Sheep,” by a BYU student, after a sculpture in the Vatican Library [L] Hand-tufted wool rug, designed by a BYU student [L] Circular skylight, Joseph F. Smith Building gallery THE GLORIOUS DREAM OF ZION A World Made More Heavenly by Educating the Soul For the early Latter-day Saints, education included the development of all their abilities and talents. They believed it to be one of the primary endeavors of life and eternity. It was also a key to their becoming a Zion people—a people whose faith in God would inspire them to help each other learn and grow, so that all could progress together. Though the Saints as a people have often fallen short of the Zion ideal, what stands out historically is the tenacity with which they strove to make their life together a heaven on earth. To this end, they made education a constant priority. In the early Midwestern years, in spite of poverty, persecutions, and violent dislocations, they founded schools, collected books, and purchased presses. In the Mountain West, they developed Church organizations to teach the gospel, formulated teacher education programs, and established schools and weekday religion classes to supplement their children’s academic studies. By their diligence they gradually put in place a system of lifelong education accessible to every person, young or old. [L] Nauvoo street scene, reenactment [L] Behunin family portrait, Ferron, Utah, circa 1888 [L] Primary children, Price, Utah, circa 1895 [L] Schoolhouse, Kirtland, Ohio, reconstructed [L] Teachers in training for Mutual Improvement Association service, 1892 [L] Students of Brigham Young Academy, circa 1903 [L] Class of 1896, Brigham Young Academy JOSEPH SMITH, GOD’S STUDENT Through the Prophet Joseph Smith (1805–1844), God restored His gospel after it had been long absent from the earth. Joseph was prepared for this work by heavenly messengers who taught him and by the Spirit of revelation that attended him as he translated scripture and carried out the work God gave him to do. Literally, he was God’s student. Joseph’s divinely guided education began when he was fourteen. A farmer’s son in upstate New York, he had been earnestly pondering the darkness and confusion in the world 1 and his own acceptability before God. 2 After reading in the book of James that wisdom would be provided to those who ask in faith, he went to God in prayer. The Father and Son appeared to him and promised that in time the fullness of the gospel would be made known to him. As Joseph later said, he left that holy scene filled with love and rejoicing, and with direct, personal knowledge of the reality of God, the Eternal Father, and His Son Jesus Christ. Thus began his preparation for the prophetic work that God had appointed him to do. He was taught for years by visions and revelations, and by holy angels sent from God out of heaven to teach and instruct him and prepare him to lay the foundation of this Church. 3 —Wilford Woodruff, Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, 1873 Angelic Teachers Joseph had little formal schooling. His foundational education came from his home and from a series of heavenly teachers. The Angel Moroni prepared him to receive and translate the plates containing the Book of Mormon and taught him about his future mission as a prophet. Other angelic visitors tutored him in specific aspects of the gospel and conferred upon him the priesthood authority to administer the ordinances of salvation. These teachers included Moses, Elias, Elijah, 4 John the Baptist, 5 and the Apostles Peter, James, and John. 6 Joseph’s Education Besides being tutored by heavenly beings, Joseph learned from his study of the scriptures he translated, from his soul-stretching experiences while carrying out the tasks God gave him, and from the revelations and visions that, he said, “roll like an overflowing surge before my mind.”7 The education he thus obtained enlarged all of his gifts and talents—including his intellect, faith, character, discernment, wisdom, and compassion—and developed him, by degrees, into the man and the prophet he became. His was an education of the whole soul. It has often been said that God chose him at a youthful age precisely because he had not already conformed himself to the worldly culture around him. Instead of embracing his society’s confused religious tradition, he examined it, found it wanting, and turned to God for wisdom. Study In 1829, by divine command, Joseph translated the Book of Mormon, a volume of ancient scripture, “by the gift and power of God.”8 From 1830 through 1833, his work included a careful, inspired revision of the King James translation of the Old and New Testaments that clarified and restored doctrines central to the gospel. Later, he produced the text of the Book of Abraham from ancient Egyptian papyrus scrolls. 9 These “translations,” made from languages Joseph did not know, were given him by inspiration; sometimes, as in the Bible revision, they included restorations of long-lost texts. In part, the Lord assigned Joseph these labors in order to teach him. When commanding him to translate the New Testament, the Lord said, “I give unto you that ye may now translate it, that ye may be prepared for the things to come” (D&C 45:61). Acquiring Scriptural Fluency Joseph’s mind and feelings were shaped more by his spiritual experiences than his temporal ones. In the intense study and pondering that the translation work required, he mastered the language and content of the scriptures. The authors of these holy books and the people and situations they portrayed sometimes appeared to him in open vision; they became as real to him as the nineteenth-century surroundings and people he encountered every day. Moreover, the scriptural language with which he worked became his own. Into sentence after sentence of what he spoke or wrote, he wove scriptural quotations, phrases, idioms, and allusions as spontaneously and comfortably as people speak their native language. He had been educated and socialized by holy beings from a very real spiritual world few others are privileged to see. It is one evidence that men are unacquainted with the principles of godliness to behold the contraction of affectionate feelings and lack of charity in the world. The power and glory of godliness is spread out on a broad principle to throw out the mantle of charity . God does not look on sin with allowance , but when men have sinned, there must be allowance made for them. All the religious world is boasting of righteousness: it is the doctrine of the devil to retard the human mind, and hinder our progress, by filling us with self-righteousness . The nearer we get to our heavenly Father, the more we are disposed to look with compassion on perishing souls ; we feel that we want to take them upon our shoulders, and cast their sins behind our backs . My talk is intended for all this society; if you would have God have mercy on you, have mercy on one another . [L] 2 Tim. 3:2–4 [L] 2 Tim. 3:5 [L] Rom. 14:15 1 Cor. 13:1–3 Col. 3:14 Alma 34:29 Ether 12:35–36 D&C 88:125 [L] Alma 45:16 D&C 1:31 [L] Isa. 65:5 Luke 18:11 1 Tim. 3:6 Alma 31:16–18 [L] 2 Ne. 9:7–10 Jacob 7:12 Mosiah 28:3 Alma 36:18 [L] Isa. 38:17 Micah 7:19 [L] Matt. 5:7 Rom. 2:1–3 Gal. 6:1–2 Eph. 4:32 Alma 41:14 [L] The influence of scripture on Joseph’s speech is evident in these minutes of the Relief Society’s organizational meeting, held March 17, 1842, in Nauvoo. Experience God also taught Joseph through experiences that enlarged his understanding of what he read. These experiences included his vision of the Father and the Son, his interviews with the Angel Moroni, his protection of the gold plates on which the Book of Mormon was originally written, the tests of obedience that God designed for him, and his struggles to live the principles he was learning.