1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4123 The VICE PRESIDENT. On the part. Beyond pointing out these general HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the Senate the Chair appoints as truisms, I shall confine my discussion to members of the committee of escort the the general areas of Asia. Before one THURSDAY, APRIL 19, 1951 junior Senator from Arizona, Mr. Mc­ may objectively assess the situation now The House met at 12 o'clock noon. FARLAND; the senior Senator from Texas, existing there, he must comprehend The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Bras­ Mr. CONNALLY; the junior Senator from something of Asia's past and the revo­ kamp, D. D., offered the following Georgia, Mr. RussELL; the junior Sena­ lutionary changes which have marked prayer: tor from Nebraska, Mr. WHERRY; the her course up to the present. Long ex­ senior Senator from New Hampshire, ploited by the so-called colonial powers, Almighty God, as we bow together in Mr. BRIDGES; and the senior Senator with litt!e opportunity to achieve any the fellowship of prayer, we are humbly from Wisconsin, Mr. WILEY. d.-:gree of social justice, individual dig­ beseeching Thee that in these strange The Doorkeeper announced General of nity, or a higher stand!l.rd of life such as days with all their mingled experiences the Army Douglas MacArthur. guided our own noble administration of of hope and fear, of joy and sorrow, of General of the Army Douglas Mac­ the Philippines, the peoples of Asia found triumph and def eat, we may be men and Arthur, escorted by the committee of their opportunity in the war just past to women of vision and valor, of confidence Senators and Representatives, entered throw off the shackles of colonialism, and and courage, the Hall of the House of Representatives now see the dawn of new opportunity, Grant that in facing tasks and prob­ and stood at the Clerk's desk. [Ap­ a heretofore unfelt dignity and the lems of unparalleled magnitude, which plause, the Members risL1g.] self-respect of political freedo:n. are far beyond our own fallible and finite The SPEAKER. Members of the Con­ Mustering half of the earth's popula­ wisdom, we may be more eager to appro­ gress, it is my great pleasure and a dis­ tion and 60 percent of its natural re­ priate that divine unerring counsel and tinct privilege to present to you General sources, these peoples are rapidly con­ guidance which Thou hast placed at our of the Army Douglas MacArthur. [Ap­ solidating a new force, both moral and disposal. plause, the Members rising.] material, with which to raise the living Enable us by Thy grace to accept the standard and erect adaptations of the challenge of every noble adventure and ADDRESS OF GENERAL OF THE ARMY DOUGLAS MACARTHUR design of modern progress to their own every lofty endeavor in the spirit of distinct cultural environments. Wheth­ unity and with a resolute faith and may General MACARTHUR. Mr. President, er one adheres to the concept of coloni­ that unity and faith never become Mr. Speaker, and distinguished Mem­ zation or not, this is the direction of eclipsed by discord, doubt, or despair. bers of the Congress, I stand on this Asian progress and it may not be stopped. Show us how we may release the hid­ rostrum with a sense of deep humility It is a corollary to the shift of the world den splendors of humanity and bring to and great pride-humility in the wake of .economic frontiers, as the whole epi­ fulfillment and fruition the hopes and those great American architects of our center of world affairs rotates back to­ longings of mankind for freedom and history who have stood here before me, ward the area whence it started. In this peace. · pride in the reflection that this forum of situation it becomes vital that our own May the virtues and principles of love legislative debate represents human cour.try orient its policies in consonance · and good will, of justice, and righteous­ liberty in the purest form yet devised. with this basic evolutionary condftion ness be the foundation on which we are [Applause.] Here are centered the rather than pursue a course blind to seeking to build a more glorious Nation hopes, and aspirations, and faith of the the reality that the colonial era is now and a better world. entire human race. past and the Asian peoples covet the Hear us in the name of the Prince of I do not stand here as advocate for any right to shape their own free destiny. Peace. Amen. partisan cause, for the issues are fun­ What they seek now is friendly guidance, THE JOURNAL damental and reach quite beyond the understanding, and support, not imperi­ realm of partisan consideration. They ous direction [applause]; the dignity of The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ must be resolved on the highest plane of equality, not the shame of subjugation. t3rday was read and approved. national interest if our course is to prove Their prewar standards of life, pitifully RECESS sound and our future protected. I trust, low, is infinitely lower now in the devas­ The SPEAKER. The House will stand therefore, that you will do me the jus­ tation left in war's wake. World ideol­ in recess subject to the call of the Chair. tice of receiving that which I have to ogies play little part· in Asian thinking Thereupon (at 12 o'clock and 3 min­ say as solely expressing the considered and are little understood. What the peo­ utes p. m.) the House stood in recess, viewpoint of a fellow American. I ad­ ples strive for is the opportunity for a lit­ subject to the call of the Chair. dress you with ·neither rancor nor bit­ tle more food in their stomachs, a little terness in the fading twilight of life better clothing on their backs, a little JOINT MEETING IN HOUSE CHAMBER TO with but one purpose in mind-to serve firmer roof over their heads, and the RECEIVE GENERAL OF THE ARMY my country. [Applause.] realization of the normal nationalist DOUGLAS MACARTHUR The issues are global and so inter­ urge for political freedom. These politi­ The Speaker of the House of Repre­ locked that to consider the problems of cal-social conditions have but an indirect sentatives presided. one sector, oblivious to those of another, bearing upon our own national security, At 12:20 o'clock p.- m., the Doorkeeper is but to court disaster for the whole. but do form a backdrop to contemporary announced the Vice President and the While Asia is commonly referred to as planning which must be thoughtfully Members of the United States Senate. the gateway to Europe, it is no less true considered if we are to avoid the pitfalls The Senate, preceded by · the Vice that Europe is the gateway to Asia, and of unrealism. President and its Secretary and Sergeant the broad influence of the one cannot Of more direct and immediate bearing at Arms, entered the Hall of the House fail to have its impact upon the other. upon our national security are the of Representatives. There are those who claim our changes wrought in the strategic poten­ '.t'he Vice President took the c:hair at strength is inadequate to protect on both tial of the Pacific Ocean in the course of . the right of the Speaker and the Mem­ fronts-that we cannot divide our effort. the past war. Prior thereto, the west­ bers of the Senate took the seats reserved I can think of no greater expression of ern strategic frontier of the United for the!ll. ' defeatism. [Applause.] If a potential States lay on the littoral line of the The SPEAKER. The Chair appoints enemy can divide his strength on two Americas with an exposed island salient as members of the committee on the part fronts, it is for us to counter his effort. of the Houss to escort our distinguished The Communist threat is a global one. extending out through Hawaii, Midway, visitor into the Chambzr the gentleman Its successful advance in one sector and Guam to the Philip.pines. That from Massachusetts, Mr. McCORMACK; threatens the destruction of every other . salient proved not an outpost of strength the gentleman from Massachusetts, Mr. sector. You cannot appease or other- · but an avenue of weakness along which MARTIN; the gentleman from Georgi~~ wise surrender to communism in Asia . the enemy could and did attack. The Mr. VrnsoN; the gentleman from Indi­ without simultaneously undermining Pacific was a potential area of advance ana, Mr. HALLECK; and the gentleman our efforts to halt its advance in Europe. for any predatory force intent upon from Louisiana, l\1:r. BRCOKS. [Applause.] striking at the bordering land areas. 4124 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL ·19 All this was changed by our Pacific 50 years, the Chinese people have· thus the Philippines stand as a mighty bul­ victory. Our strategic frontier then become militarized in their concepts and wark of Christianity in the Far East, and shifted to embrace the entire Pacific in their ideals. They now constitute ex­ its capacity for high moral leadership in Ocean which became a vast moat to cellent soldiers with competent staffs Asia is unlimited. protect us as long as we hold it. In- and commanders. This has produced a On Formosa, the Government of the deed, it acts as a protective shield for new and dominant power in Asia which R-:!public of China has had the opportu­ all of the Americas and all free lands for its own purposes is allied with Soviet nity to refute by action much of the ma­ of the Pacific Ocean area. We control Russia, but whi·~h in its own concepts licious gossip which so undermined the it to the shores of Asia by a chain of and methods has become aggressively strength of its leadership on the Chinese islands extending in an arc from the imperialistic with a lust for expansion mainland. [Applause.] The Formosan Aleutians to the Mariannas held by us and increased power normal t..> this type people are receiving a just and enlight­ and our free allies. - of imperialism. There is little of the ened administration with majority rep­ Frorr~ this island chain we can domi- ideological concept either one way or resentation on the organs of govern­ nate with sea and air power every Asi- another in the Chinese make-up. The ment; and politically, economically and atic port from Vladivostok to Singapore standard of living is so low and the socially they appear to be advancing and prevent any hostile movement into capital accumulation has been so thor­ along sound and constructive lines. the Pacific. Any predatory attack from oughly dissipated by war that. the masses With this brief insight into the sur­ Asia must be an amphibious effort. No are desperate and avid to follow any rounding areas I now turn to the Korean amphibious force can be successful with- leadership which seems to promise the conflict. While I was not consulted prior out control of the sea lanes and the air alleviatior.. of local stringencies. I have to the President's decision to intervene over those lanes in its avenue of advance. from the beginning believe1 that the in support of the Republic of Korea, that With naval and air supremacy and mod- Chinese Communists' support of the decision, from a military standpoint, est ground elements to defenrl bases, any North Koreans was the dominant one. proved a sound one [applause] as we :rrajor attack from continental Asia Their interests are at present parallel hurled back the invaders and decimated t nward us or our friends of the Pacific to those Of the Soviet, but I believe that his forces. Our victory was complete and would be doomed to failure. Under such the aggressiveness recently displayed our ·objectives within reach when Red conditions the Pacific no longer repre- not only in Korea, but also in Indochina China intervened with numerically su­ sents menacing avenues of approach for and Tibet and pointing potentially perior ground forces. This c1•eated a new a prospective invader-it assumes in- toward the south, reflects predomi­ war and an entirely new situation-a sit­ stead the friendly aspect of a peaceful nantly the same lust for the expansion uation not contemplated when our forces lake. Our line of defense is a natural of power which has animated every were committed against the North Ko­ one and ran be maintained with a min- would-be conqueror since the beginning rean invaders-a situation which called imum of military effort and expense. of time. [Applause.] for new decisions in the diplomatic It envisions no attack against anyone The Japanese people since the war sphere to permit the realistic adjust­ nor does it provide · ~he bastions essential have undergone the greatest reforma­ ment of military strategy, Such deci­ for offensive operations, but · properly tion recorded in modern history. With sions have not been forthcoming. [Ap­ maintained would be an invincible Cle- a commendable will, eagerness to learn, plause.] f ense against aggression. and marked capacity to understand, they While no man in his right mind would The holding of this littoral defense have, from the ashes left in war's wake, advocate sending our ground forces into line in the western Pacific is entirely de- erected in Japan an edifice dedicated to continental China and such was never pendent upon holdi!lg all segments the primacy of individual liberty and given a thought, the new situation did thereof, for any major breach of that personal dignity, and in the ensuing urgently demand a drastic revision of line by an unfriendly power would render process there has been created a truly strategic planning if our political aim vulnerable to determined attack every representative government committed was to defeat this new enemy as we had other major segment. This is a military to the advance of political morality, defeated the old. [Applause.] estimate as to which I have yet to find freedom of economic enterprise and so­ Apart from the mii.itary need as I saw a military leader who will take exception. cial justice. [Applause.] Politically, it to neutralize the sanctuary protection [Applause.] · economically and socially Japan is now given the enemy north of the Yalu, I For that reasor: I have strongly rec- abreast of many free nations of the earth felt that military necessity in the con­ ommended in the past as a matter of and will not again fail the universal duct of the war made mandatory: military urgency that under no circum- trust. That it may be counted upon to 1. The intensification of our economic stances must Formosa fall under Com- wield a profoundly beneficial influence blockade ag·ainst China; munist control. [Applause.] Such an over the course of events in Asia is at­ 2. The imposition of a naval blockade eventuality would at once threaten the_ tested by the magnificent manner in against the China coast; freedom of the Philippines and the loss which the Japanese people have met the 3. Removal of restrictions on air recon­ of Japan, and might well force our wes- recent challenge of war, unrest, and con­ naissance of China's coast areas and of tern frontier back to the coasts of Cali- fusion surrounding them from the out­ Manchuria [applause]; fornia, Oregon, and Washington. side, and checked communism within To understand the changes which now their own frontiers without the slightest 4. Removal of restrictions on the forces appear upon the Chinese mainland, one slackening in their forward progress. I of the Republic of China on Formosa must understand the changes in Chinese sent all four of our occupation divisions with logistical support to contribute to character and culture over the past 50 to the Korean battle front without the their effective operations against the years. China up to 50 years ago was slightest qualms as to the effect of the common enemy. [Applause.] completely nonhomogeneous, being com- resulting power vacuum upon Japan. For entertaining these views, all pro­ partmented into groups divided against The results fully justified my faith. fessionally designed to support our forces each other. The war-making tendency [Applause.] I know of no nation more committed to Korea and bring hostili­ was almost nonexistent, as they still fol- serene, orderly, and industrious-nor in ties to an end with the least possible de­ lowed the tenets of the Confucian ideal which higher hopes can be entertained lay and at a saving of countless Ameri­ of pacifist culture. At the turn of the for future constructive service in the ad­ can and Allied lives, I have been severe­ centurY, under the regime of Chan So vance of the human race. [Applause.] ly criticized in lay circles, principally Lin, efforts toward greater homogeneity Of our former wards, the Philippines, abroad, despite my understanding that produced the start of a nationalist urge. we can look forward in confidence that from a military standpoint the above This was further and more ·successfully the existing unrest will be corrected and views have been fully shared in the past developed under the leadership of by practically every military leader con­ Chiang Kai-shek, but has been brought a strong and healthy nation will grow cerned with the Korean campaign, in­ to its greatest fruition under the present in the longer aftermath of war's terrible cluding our own Joint Chiefs of Staff. regime, to the point that it has now destructiveness. We must be patient [Applause, the Members rising.] taken on the character of a united na- and understanding and never fail them, I called for reinforcements, but was tionalism of increasingly dominant ag- as in our hour of need they did not fail informed that reinforcements were not gressive tendencies. Through these past us. [Applause.] A Christian nation, available. I made clear that if not per- 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4125 mitted to destroy the build-up bases blackmail, violence becomes the only Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I north of the Yalu; if not permitted to other alternative. Why, my soldiers ask unanimous consent that the pro­ utilize the friendly Chinese force of asked of me, surrender military advan­ ceedings had during the recess be printed some 600,000 men on Formosa; if not tages to an enemy in the field? I could in the RECORD. permitted to blockade the China coast not answer. [Applam:e.l Some may say The SPEAKER. Is there objection to to prevent the Chinese Reds from get­ to avoid spread of the conflict into an the request of the gentleman from Mas­ ting succor from without; and if there all-out war with China; others, to avoid sachusetts? were to be no hope of major reinforce­ Soviet intervention. Neither explana­ There was no objection. ments, the position of the command from tion seems valid. For China is already RECESS the military standpoint forbade victory. engaging with the maximum power it We could hold in Korea by constant can commit and the Soviet will not nec­ The SPEAKER. The Chair will state maneuver and at an approximate area essarily mesh its actions with our moves. that the House will reassemble at 2 where our supply line advantages were Like a cobra, any new enemy will more o'clock this afternoon. in balance with the supply line disad­ likely strike whenever it feels that the Accordingly the House stood in recess hope at best for only an indecisive cam­ is in its favor on a world-wide basis. until 2 o'clock p. m. paign, with its terrible and constant at­ The traged31 of Korea is further AFTER RECESS trition upon our forces if the enemy uti­ ·heightened by the fact that as military The recess having expired, the House lized his full military potential. I have action is confined to its territorial limits, was· called to order by the Speaker at 2 constantly called for the new political it condemns that nation, which it is our o'clock p. m. decisions essential to a solution. Efforts purpose to save, to suffer the devastating have been made to distort my position. impact of full naval and air bombard­ LEA VE OF ABSENCE It has been said, in effect, that I am a ment, while the enemy's sanctuaries are By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ warmonger. Nothing could be further fully protected from such attack and sence was granted to Mr. DOYLE, from from the truth. I know war as few other devastation. Of · the nations of the April 23 till April 23, 1951, inclusive, to men now living know it, and nothing to world, Korea alone, up to now, is the sole act as member of Board of Visitors to me is more revolting. I have long ad­ one which has risked its all against com­ West Point Military Academy, by ",p­ vocated its complete abolition as its very munism. The magnificence of the pointment of Hon. CARL VINSON, chair­ destructiveness on both friend and foe courage and fortitude of the Korean man, House Armed Services Committee. has rendered it useless as a means of people defies description. [Applause.] THE LATE HONORABLE ARTHUR H. settling international disputes. Indeed, They have chosen to risk death rather VANDENBERG on the 2d of September 1945, just follow­ than slavery. Their last words to me ing the surrender of the Japanese Na­ The SPEAKER. The Chair recog­ were "Don't scuttle the Pacific." [Ap­ nizes the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. tion on the battleship Missouri, I for­ plause.] mally cautioned as follows: WOLCOTT]. I have just left your fighting sons in Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, it be­ "Men since the beginning of time Korea. They have met all tests there have sought peace. Various methods comes my very sad duty to announce the and I can report to you without reserva­ passing of the senior Senator from Mich­ .through the ages have been attempted to tion they are splendid in every way. devise an international process to pre­ igan, ARTHUR VANDENBERG. [Applam:e. l It was my constant effort Senator VANDENBERG served in the Sen­ vent or settle disputes between nations. to preserve them and end this savage From ·the very start, workable methods ate as one of the greatest men ever to conflict honorably and with the least enter public life for about 25 years. were found insofar as individual citizens loss of time and a minimum sacrifice of were concerned, but the mechanics of an Mr. Speaker, I offer a resolution , the House was ficulties that Senator VANDEN BERG en­ cessively greater demands, until, as in called to order by the Speaker. dured in the last few years, but until an 4126 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 19 announcement released by his son after Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ Throughout my legislative career of his passing none of us realized the great tion today mourns the loss of a great nearly 20 years, especially in the more personal sacrifice that he made over and leader. A vacancy· has been made recent years, I have been brought into above the call of duty. For future pos­ through the death of one of the Nation's more and more intimate contact with terity I think it highly important that great men. Like the line in Edwin Mark­ the senior Senator from Michigan. This this statement l;>e included at this time ham's poem, "He went down with a great contact grew into a mutual friendship in the RECORD. shout upon the hills and leaves a lone­ and respect which to me will always be •The following is the statement issued some place against the sky." He now a stimulus and an inspiration. I have by the Senator's son: goes to fill a place in the immortal roll observed his enormous persuasive power The long interval between the discovery of illustrious statesmen of the Nation. which has won the support of his sena­ in 1948 of a tumor and its removal in October We shall mourn and miss him in the torial colleagues and, more directly and 1949, was due to the Senator's firm insistence Wolverine State of Michigan. Long will closely as a member of the Joint Com­ that his health was of far less importance be the years before another takes his mittee on Internal Revenue Taxation than his attention to affairs of government. place and discharges his duty to the It will be recalled that then, as an advocate and a joint conferee, I have had occasion of a unified and bipartisan foreign policy, he Nation with such great ability as did to study at close hand some of the sound played a major role i'1. piloting through Con­ ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG. and fundamental arguments which he gress such historic measures as the so-called Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield put forth. Vandenberg resolution, the North Atlantic to the · gentleman from Michigan [Mr. On this sorrowful occasion when the Treaty, and the '.Inter-American Treaty. DINGELL]. people have sustained such a great per­ His inflexible determination to conclude Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, the sad sonal loss, I want to tender my sincere these responsibi~ities without regard to his and shocking news late last night an­ sympathy to the survivors of my dear personal welfare and against the advice of his nounced to the world the end of the bril­ doctors unquestionably was a contributing and departed friend. It is with a sense factor in later serious physical disability. liant and productive career of ARTHUR H. of deep affection and :reverence that at VANDENBERG, the senior Senator from the this moment I pay my humble tribute Because of his sacrifices, we in Grand State of Michigan. to him as I pray that God, the Father, Rapids have lost one of our greatest and The passing of this great statesman­ grant eternal rest to his weary soul. finest citizens. The Nation has lost the legislator, who has rendered over the Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield outstanding statesman of recent times. years such outstanding and patriotic to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. The people throughout the world who service, not only to the people of his own POTTER]. hope for peace, freedom, and security State and to the people of the Nation, Mr. POTTER. Mr. Speaker, it was have lost a real leader and the one per­ but to the entire world, has focused at­ with saddened hearts that we heard the son who to a large extent is responsible tention upon him. His ability has in re­ tragic news this J]lorning of the death for the ray of hope which is now visible cent years been accentuated and recog­ of our senior Senator, ARTHUR VANDEN­ in our struggle against world domination nized in the farsightedness of his con­ BERG. by the Communist forces in the Kremlin. tributions toward the upbuilding of the As a freshman Member of Congress a Senator VANDENBERG in his many years United Nations and the structure of a few years ago I will always recall the of service in the Senate made an en­ just and permanent peace. The entire kindness, the thoughtfulness, the pa­ viable record that will stand as an ever­ legislative career of the late and beloved tience, and the guiding hand extended lasting inspiration for present and future senior Senator from Michigan is deeply to me by our senior Senator. He and I generations. It is a tragedy that this ingrained with the mark of his whole­ collaborated on a bill which was fot.' the supe.rb st:itesman and leader should some and lasting service. interest of one of the cities of my d1e­ leave us at this critical hour in our Na­ He was physically a great and attrac­ trict, the city of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. tion's history, but his record should for­ tive personality which was more than I am sure if it had not been for the ef­ ever be a guiding light for our people. matched by his mental and spiritual forts of the senior Senator from Mich­ America and her allies throughout the stature. The occasional error which igan, who at. that time was confronted world mourn his untimely passing, but it was attributed to his judgment is a with major international problems, we is most fortunate that the world had the frailty of all humanity and great genius, would not have been success! ul in having benefit of his leadership and guidance in to which Senator VANDENBERG was no ex­ that legislation enacted into law. The recent years when the free people of the ception. He was gifted in his mental globe so badly needed men of his un­ capacity, with great discernment and State of Michigan has lost its most out­ questioned stature. eloquence. His originality and initia­ standing citizen. The Government of In closing I would like to say that my tive were a constant test imposed upon the United States has lost a most able words on this occasion, as inadequate as an indefatigable and seeming·ly inex­ and a most courageous legislator. The they may be, are, I hope, those of the haustible energy. These qualities were world has lost a champion for peace and people of his home town, his State, this obvious to all, and they were an irre­ an outstanding world statesman. Nation, but I think the people of the sistible inspiration not only to his col­ On behalf of myself and the citizens world. leagues in the Senate but to the world. of Michigan's Eleventh Congressional Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield Aside from the spiritual, mental, and District, whom it is my privilege to rep­ to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. physical charm of the distinguished Sen­ resent, I wish to convey to the Vanden­ RABAUTJ. a tor, who was called by his God and berg family our deepest sympathy. May Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, of Sen­ maker to claim his eternal reward, God grant him peaceful rest and may ator VANDENBERG it well could be said ARTHUR VANDENBERG had a sparkle and mortals long remember his unselfish that he was one who had a broad view of attraction that which while felt cannot devotion and accomplishments to the relations between nations, devoting him­ readily be described. attainment of world.peace. self to the principle that all nations of As the vital chapter of the life of Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield the world can live in peace and prosper ARTHUR VANDENBERG closes, a new to the gentleman from New York [Mr. if they have a common understanding. and more brilliant page in history be­ JAVITSJ. One of his major contributions to the gins. The name of ARTHUR VANDENBERG Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Speaker, I read the peace of the world was his continuing ef­ will be remembered and his great serv­ great address of the Senator from Mich­ fort to build international organizations ice recalled by the world's statesmen igan of January 10, 1945, when I was in through which this mutual international and patriots whenever the cause of the Army. I remember I had just come understanding could be nourished and peace and economic freedom are men­ off duty. I was not in politics in any developed. The Government of the tioned. He takes his place among the way at that time. It had an enormous United States has lost a great statesman greatest names ever produced in the impact on me and had an enormous im­ and the peace of the world has lost an State of Michigan and his rank among pact on my fellows. We felt that at last untiring friend. the Nation's intellectual and legislative the country was together. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield leaders will be recognized as deserving I would like, Mr. Speaker, as part of to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. of the top echelon as long as the record our tribute to this great man who was DONDlrRO]. of the United States Senate survives. the architect of what has come to be the 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4127 historic bipartisan foreign policy which dom, wit, high ideals, sound judgment, Neither can I forget his constant con­ had so much to do with winning World and common sense. This bipartisan cern over the necessity for the restora­ War II and can have so much to do with foreign policy v:as a very practical thing tion of freedom to Poland and other winning the peace after World War II, to as he operated it, because it depended nations now under the yoke of com­ read just three sentences from that great upon consultation, discussion, persua­ munistic tyranny. He recognized the address. I quote: sion, compromise on nonessential differ­ fact that there can be no permaneat We cannot drift to victory. We must have enc.es, but no compromise on matters of peace unless we apply the principles of maximum united effort on all fronts. We principle. It achiend results by giving justice and fair play to these nations. must have maximum united effort in our due credit to both parties in seeking He expressed himself clearly on this on councils and we must deserve the continued results that were above partisan ad­ April 2, 1944, when he said: united effort of our own people. vantage. "I shall contribute every effort behind Mr. Speaker, I join with my colleagues It was a wonderful thing to see Senator the unimpaired rebirth of the great and and, I think, with all ~"unericans, in VANDENBERG preside in a conference. In heroic Polish Republic. We would be mourning this very grave loss to our my judgment, he not only was a great lacking in enlightened self-interest if we country and to the great State of Michi­ practitioner of th3 bipartisan policy but did not recognize the fact that, for the gan and to the world. of the bicameral policy, because he sake of America as well as for the sake of Mr. WOLCOTT. · Mr. Speaker, I yield understood the differences between the humanity, we also fight for a better and to the gentleman from Massachusetts two bodies, the difference in their rules, a safer and a happier world, and for or­ [Mr. McCoRM t\ CK]. and the way things had to be brought ganized international justice and fair Mr. McCORMACK. i\1:r. Speaker, about. He had no pride of authorship play and security for big and little na­ every generation has its outstanding in the language of legislation, but was tions. We fight to unchain liberty in a figures, and one of the outstanding :fig­ surpassingly skillful in drafting language free world from which international ures · of this generation is the late that achieved th3 best in conflicting pirates shall be permanently barred by ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG. I know of no viewpoints. He had no exalted feeling the organized conscience and the united man who in recent years has made his of his own position, but would promptly vigilence of freedom. And, I know of no imprint upon the American mind to a seek out the points of agreement, point better typical test to apply to the prog­ greater extent in the establiehment of out the essentials, and very rapidly, as ress which we make toward this emanci­ bipartisan efforts and policies to meet I say, in a witty, winsome way, eliminate pation than to supply the test to Poland." the problems of today than the late the nonessential differences that were Long before I became a Member of Senator VANDENBERG. Every peace-lov­ keeping us from agreement. The result this House I had the honor of frequently ing person of the world, every soul who was some legislation that has played an conferring with Senator VANDENBERG hates war mourns today the passing of historic part in the past few years. with regard to necessary steps to be this great man. The devotion of this S3nator VANDENBERG was the man who taken to insure restoration of freedom great American, this man of fierce en­ wrote the word "justice" into the Char­ to the enslaved nations. I found him thusiasm for just and enduring peace ter of the United Nations. He will be deeply interested and willing to do all knew no party lines in his own country remembered in history, I think, as a man in .his power to repair the injustices and knew no boundaries between nations who stood for justice in international caused by the Yalta, Teheran and Pots­ where the spark of freedom lives in the affairs. His influence will liv.e on through dam Agreements. heart of men. Perhaps more than any the ages. I sincerely hope that · his spirit will other American this warm, friendly, and Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield forever remain with us and will lead us very able gentleman from Michigan, to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. in a program of national unity, in a symbolized by his own growth of per­ MACHROWICZ]. program to put an end to the tyranny of spective the transition of America from Mr. MACHROWICZ. Mr. Speaker, I Communist imperialism and restore the thoughts of yesterday to the rise to join my colleagues on both sides peace to a troubled world. thoughts and considerations of world of the aisle to express my profound and Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield responsibility and leadership. deep sorrow at the tragic and untimely to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. The late Senator VANDENBERG became death of the senior Senator from Mich­ BLACKNEY]. one of the architects of American igan, ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG. Mr. BLACKNEY. Mr. Speaker, I am foreign policy which now works for In the death of Senator VANDENBERG, very glad to join with my Michigan col­ world peace and human liberty by com­ • the State of Michigan has lost one of its leagues and my associates of the House bined international effort to make the most distinguished sons, but the Nation in paying respect to ou!' departed pub­ democracies and the non-Communist lost one of· its greatest statesmen. lic servant, Senator ARTHUR H. VANDEN­ countries of the world so strong that no In these critical days of uncertainty BERG. We in Michigan have known him dictator would dare take the risk of and confusion the Nation will sadly miss for many years. We know of the splen­ starting a war of conquest. In doing so the leadership, self-sacrifice and deep · did work that he has done. he flung to the winds all thoughts of understanding of the senior Senator One of his fine books which the Sen­ partisan advantag·e or personal sacrifice. from Michigan. He fought incessantly ator wrote was on Alexander Hamilton. His one dream was that America, by pre­ for a strong, bi-partisan foreign policy He predicated his belief in Hamilton on senting a united front, could lead the ~nd he, more than anyone else, can be Hamilton's knowledge of finances and of world to an era of peace without fear. credited with the success -made to take his close study and early love for the His own country and the world will American foreign affairs out of partisan Constitution. Most of you have read never forget ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG. We policies. The necessity for this unity Bryce's American Commonwealth. In shall remember his dream, and the free was best pointed out by him in his radio that book the author said that the world, because he lived, and we will fight address of October 4, 1948: "The purpose "American Constitution is the greatest more fiercely and forever together to of this unity is to strengthen American political document ever penned by man." protect its liberties. security and sustain American ideals by )'hat was Senator VANDENBERG'S philos­ I extend to his loved ones my pro­ giving maximum authority to America's ophy. He lived and loved the Constitu­ found sympathy in their bereavement. voice for peace with justice. In the face tion of the United States. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield pf any foreign problem, our unity is as My home State has lost its favorite to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. VoRYsJ. important as our atom bomb." son, and the Nation has lost a fine Sen­ Mr. VORYS. Mr. Speaker, we have We will never forget his self-denial, ator, an orator of distinction, a brilliant already felt the loss of Senator VANDEN­ self-sacrifice and his willingness to have statesman. BERG on Capitol Hill, but we know that political and personal ambition be Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield his influence lives on. It was my privi­ always subserviel).t to the welfare of the to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. lege to serve on a number of conference Nation and to the cause of a just and en­ LESINSKI]. committees with him on some .extremely during peace in the world. His devotion Mr. LESINSKI. Mr. Speaker, as a controversial matters. That is where I to this task was so great that he was will­ new Member of this great House I join knew him best. There I got the meas­ ing to neglect his own health and it un­ my colleagues from Michigan on both ure of his breadth and his depth, his wis- doubtedly advanced his untimely death. sides of the aisle in mourning Senator 4128 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 19 VANDENBERG, a man from my home State State. And as foreign policy spokesman for No leader in Michigan public life was ever who has done so much for his Nation. the Republican Party for the last decade and a · more loyal patriot. If he had lived in a half, Senator VANDENBERG not only wielded Washington's time he would have been an­ To his immediate family, to the people tremendous influence within his party, but other Alexander Hamilton, about whom he of Michigan and the Nation I express enjoyed singular national and international once wrote a book to prove his contention sincere regret at the passing of this prestige. that Hamilton was "the greatest American." great man. His name will stand out As the country knows, Senator VANDENBERG In ideals, aspirations, in self-accomplish­ with the other immortals of this coun­ was the Republican apostle of the so-called ment and public service, ARTHUR V ANDENBERG try and he will always be remembered bipartisan foreign policy. Like all leaders of personified the typical American. Against as a man who placed his country above national vision and influence, his position the sordid backdrop of today's exposures of personal interests, not as so many are brought him both cheers and jeers. Three political chicanery, criminal gangsterism, and Red termites in high places of our na­ doing today, by permitting petty griev­ years ago next June it could easily have won him the Republican nomination for Presi­ tional government, Senator VANDENBERG'S ances to take precedence. dent at Philadelphia, for then the Nation nobility of character and integrity of citizen­ Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield was pretty well convinced that the route to ship and public service are as inspiring as the to the gentlewoman from Michigan world peace was along the highroad of bi­ first rays of the morning sun. [Miss THOMPSON]. partisan cooperation in foreign affairs. The country loses a valiant warrior and Miss THOMPSON of Michigan. Mr. The shadow of critical illness, however, defender in this statesman's passing. Speaker, it was my privilege to have hung over the senior Senator from Michigan. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield He refused to wage a vigorous campaign for to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. known Senator and Mrs. Vandenberg for the nomination. Had he been nominated a period of more than 25 years. I knew the chances are good that he would have MEADER]. Senator VANDENBERG as coming from a been elected and the mess we are in today Mr. MEADER. Mr. Speaker, it was very humble home. I remember him might well have been avoided. with great shock that I learned last when he entered the field of journalism Thus are the pages of history marked with evening of Senator VANDENBERG'S pass­ in Grand Rapids, Mich., where he was the "ifs" and imponderables of fate and ing; not a shock in the sense that we most successful. I remember Senator destiny. had not been well aware of his illness VANDENBERG as a good neighbor, a fine senator VANDENBERG must have suffered and the great fight he was putting up many disappointing moments in the closing friend, a great statesman. His soul is months of his heroic fight against the malig- against a dread disease, but a shock another of those who belong to the ages. nancy that finally won the grim battle, for because, for the first time, I realized Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield his ·bipartisan foreign policy gradually fell that the Republican Party and the Con­ to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. apart. gress were going to face now the re- HOFFMAN]. ' For one thing, there was no one in the placement of Senator VANDENBERG, his Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. Senate of his ability and fervor with which counsel and his influence upon the pol- Speaker, born in Grand Rapids, Mich., to carry on the battle. Moreover, the war in · · f th' t t' 1 1 · •t Korea with all its disillusionments and furn- lCies o IS coun ry, par ICU ar Y m 1 s growing to young manhood there, it was bling by the Truman administration, soured relationship with other nations of the inevitable that the people of southwest­ the American people. Added to this was the World. ern Michigan should have known Sena­ disgust of millions of good Americans with I did not know Senator VANDENBERG tor VANDENBERG very well indeed. the United Nations farce, both at Lake Sue- intimately. I had known him over a I There was never in the State in which cess and in the field when the fighting long period of time when, as a practic­ he lived any question as to his ability, started in Korea. ing lawyer, occasionally I would call on either as an orator or as a statesman. General MacArthur got United Nations him in Washington. I knew him dur­ Perhaps southwestern Michigan is now flags for his troops but pitifully little mill- ing my service as counsel for Senate tary help from UN member nations. What in the Republican fold because of the the American people discovered was that the committees when, from time to time, I efforts he put forth in his earlier days. UN was nothing ·more than a sounding board had occasion to talk with him. All Michigan feels honored because he for Russian propaganda and insults; that the · I remember in the early days his fight was born in and remained a resident of UN delegates were willing to pass brave reso- against the Florida ship canal as one the State while rendering outstanding lutions defying and denouncing Soviet Rus- of the outstanding activities in which service to the Nation. sia, but that UN governments were not going he engaged in the senate. In later years There are two instances I recall which demonstrated his unquestioned political to 1~g!!~. and still is, a shattering blow for he had come to wield a very great power, all patriots like Senator VANDENBERG, who had not only in the Republican Party, but integrity and courage. One was, I think, hoped that after two World Wars the free in the entire Senate, on foreign affairs. in 1933, when he was the only Member nations might successfully hammer out a • I visited him briefly in Paris during of the other body to vote against recog­ workable formula for peace on the anvil of the Conference of Foreign Ministers, nition of Soviet Russia. past mistakes. which ended in a stalemate, and dis- The other was a few years later ·when It is no secret that many Republicans could cussed with him some of the experiences a group of those who in those days nom­ not follow Senator VANDENBERG along the that he was going through. As you inated and sometimes elected candidates tortuous road of his bipartisan foreign policy. all recall, ther.e then was a definite stif­ for the Presidency came to Washington. ·Many of them thought that he went over to Senator VANDENBERG at that time had the the New Dealism of Roosevelt and the furn- f ening in the attitude of the American opportunity to receive the Republican bling of Truman and Acheson. They re- Government toward the demands of the membered, too, when the Senator's voice and Russians. In that stiffening of resist­ nomination. Before him was every pros­ pen rendered yeoman service in the success- ance to Russian encroachments Senator pect of being successful. At least, that ful senate fight against the old League of VANDENBERG played a very great part. then was, now is, my thought. But be­ Nations. one day he was a rabid isolationist I think that among all of the attri- cause he could not, would not, go along and almost the next he was marching with with the political philosophy of the the internationalists. butes of this great American citizen per- members of that particular group, he What the critics overlooked was that the haps the one which stands forth in the refused to then be a candidate. Michigan Senator from his vantage point of minds of all of us is the outstanding service and experience in Washington, be- manner in which he placed his country's He rendered a most remarkable service lieved that unless our foreign policies were to the State and to the Nation. realistically American and helpful in welding interest above his personal interest or Because Stanley R. Banyon, publisher together all democratic-minded peoples, an- the interest of his party. I. think that and editor of the News-Palladium, pub­ other world war of even more terrible design example may well stand in good stead lished at Benton Harbor, Mich., who was and scope would be inevitable. when, in the heat of partisan contro- long associated with Senator VANDEN­ A tremendous worker, senator VANDEN• versy in this body or in the other body, BERG, has so ably and so accurately eval­ BERG's health was unquestionably impaired we recall the attributes of Senator VAN­ uated his service, I adopt his statement, by his Senate service. His grave might ap- propriately be in Arlington in the hallowed DENBERG which led to his being regarded which reads as follows: ground reserved for the Nation's heroes. by the people of this country as one of · ONE LESS TO DEFEND FREEDOM'S CAUSE For a quarter century, as editor of the its outstanding statesmen. His exam­ In the lamentable death of Senator ARTHUR Grand Rapids Herald, Senator VANDENBERG's ple and his spirit will remain with us. H. VANDENBERG, Michigan and the Nation lose editorial pen authored dynamic support for Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield one of their truly great citizens. progressive Republicanism. He was a deep Indeed, no statesman of his stature has student of the science of government-never to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. e.ver occupied a Senate seat from this a mere ·politician. ¢RAWFORD]. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4129 Mr. CRAWFORD; Mr. Speaker, dis­ though they apparently were extempo­ returnest, was not spoken of the soul." · ease and hazards to which mankind is raneous, were very carefully prepared. God bless America where men from subjected have little respect for youth, He learned it as a newspaperman. I humble origins can rise to such heights for the middle-aged, or for 'those who happen to know that he wrote and re­ of success and glory. May God in his have obtained great experie~ce in this wrote his speeches and of ten he would infinite mercy bless not only the loved game we call life. I wish to use this rewrite a paragraph a dozen times, and ones of his family, but may He look down opportunity to express my deep sym­ was never quite satisfied with it when upon the United States of America, this pathy, as well as that of the great peo­ it was-I started to say finished; I will beloved Republic, and in the days to ple of my district, the Eighth Congres­ say ended, because it was never finished. come it is my earneiit and hopeful prayer sional District of Michigan, for the Borah was one of his great idols. The that we shall have more Borahs, and loss which our State and our country other was Gen. Douglas MacArthur. more MacArthurs, and more Vanden­ has suffered by reason of the death of Much as I have admired the general in bergs-all good soldiers, whether in the Senator ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG. His life days gone by, after the experience -of public arena or on the battlefield. Old has been taken a way from us after he today I know why ARTHUR VANDENBERG soldiers never die, though they may had received great experience in the af­ revered and admired him and all but silently fade away. fairs of this country and this world at a worshiped him. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, t yield time when he could have been of great We heard MacArthur's speech here to­ to the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. service had he been permitted, by the day. We saw a great hunk of God in KERSTEN]. great forces of the universe, to have the flesh, and we heard the voice of God. Mr. KERSTEN of Wisconsin. Mr. lived another decade or two. I have Speeches are not made, they are born. Speaker, the waters of ablution of Lake often thought of Senator VANDENBERG as When Mr. Webster over in the old Su­ Michigan touch the shores of the State one who would have rendered great serv­ preme Court Chamber that was the of Wisconsin and the State of Michigan ice to the country and to the world had Senate Chamber at that time made his and they join their boundaries, too. he been permitted to serve in the em­ immortal reply to Hayne, a Washing­ Wisconsin wishes to lay a wreath upon bassies which represent the United ton lady shook his hand as he left the the tomb of a great world statesman, States across the face of the earth. He · Chamber and said, "Oh, Senator Web­ ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG. Today we see was a man of great stature, physically ster, I am surprised that you could pre­ about our horizon the threatening clouds and mentally and intellectually, and by pare a speech such as you gave today of war, but we know that behind those reason of the issues which have been after hearing Hayne only yesterday." clouds ultimately there is a time when drawn in this country, I think that his Daniel Webster said, "Oh, my dear lady, there finally will be established the ·representation in some foreign embassy · I have spent 40 years preparing this brotherhood of man under the father­ would perhaps have rendered as great a speech." hood of God, and when that time comes service as man has ever been permitted MacArthur, I think, has spent 52 years the spirit of VANDENBERG will be there be­ to render, particularly at this great hour in giving us the climax today of a long cause he envisioned that time and helped of need. The country will hav~ a job to ·and a distinguished career. prepare for it. He was one of the great· find a man who will measure up to his . Oh, Mr. Speaker, I would that ARTHUR statesmen of the world, and I wish to pay stature, ·whether representing the great VANDENBERG with his melodious voice, of tribute to him. State of Michigan or some other State. rich resonance, of impressive intonation, Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield He has made his own record. There is born of the deep convictions of his soul, to the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. nothing I can add to it except to say could have be·en here this noon. It is JUDD]. that my district deeply sympathizes rather singular, is it not, a rather queer Mr. JUDD. Mr. Speaker, when a boy with his family and with his loved ones coincidence that the senior Senator from in school reads his history lessons and and with his friends, thousands of whom Michigan shuffled off his mortal coil only sometimes memorizes portions of the ad­ reside in the Eighth Congressional Dis­ last night before the greatest idol of his dresses which great debaters and polit­ trict of Michigan. life addressed us today. I thought of it ical leaders of our country have given in . Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield all the time he was speaking. the past, he comes to have a sort of hero to the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. ARTHUR VANDENBERG was a man per­ worship for the Jeffersons, the Madisons, SHORT]. haps could have been President had he the Websters, Calhouns, and Clays, and Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, ARTHUR not been too honest. One night after the many other great congressional lead­ HENDRICK VANDENBERG. There is tre­ he and I had attended a meeting, and he ers in our history. I had never dreamed mendous power in that very. name: was kind enough to drop me by my of getting into political life myself, but Dutch stubbornness, solidity, substan­ apartment on the way to his hotel, I said, when I came to the Congress 8 years ago, tiality. He was a giant among intellects, ~·senator, a lot of people don't under­ I looked forward eagerly to meeting men whose honor was untarnished, whose in­ stand you. They think you are a stuffed who would be all the time like those men tegrity was unquestioned, and whose shirt." Even I accused him of being were in their finest moments. Frankly, ability was often demonstrated, so much capable of drinking boiling water and I was disappointed at first because I did so that both friend and foe would quickly sweating icicles. And he laughed. He . not find many of the sort of person I admit that he was not only of presi­ had a sense of humor. But ARTHUR VAN­ had imagined as a boy. I found many dential stature but one of the outstand­ ;DENBERG possesed a warm heart. He was who, most of the time, were ordinary ing statesmen not only of our day, but congenial, he was convivial, and after people like those in other walks of life. in the history of our country. you knew him, if anyone ever thought he Their moments of great or spectacular Mr. Speaker, in 1944 ARTHUR VANDEN­ had an icy exterior, if they penetrated effort were intermingled with or seemed BERG said to me on the floor of the Sen­ that and came to know him they would overshadowed by so many other mo­ ate just prior to our National Republican find one of the warmest and most con­ ments of ordinary, inconspicuous, plod­ Convention, "Dewey, in my opinion. genial and compatible persons he had ding effort-the sort of thing of which Gen. Douglas MacArthur is the most ever met. It is those personal qualities even I was capable. Only as I come to brilliant man I have ever known." He as well as his great intellect and his con­ know my colleagues better, did I realize was of that same opinion in 1948. There tribution to American statecraft, that I that probably no one lives at a peak all were two great heroes that Senator VAN­ think of this afternoon. There is little the time. A man is great who makes DENBERG almost worshiped. One was tribute I or anyone else can pay him even a few truly notable contributions Borah. I want to ask Members this which would do justice to him. Today in a lifetime. And with that view I came afternoon before they leave their offices I like to put him in the class of his two to have a truer appreciation of the genu­ to read the incomparable tribute paid by great idols-I put them together­ ine greatness of so many of the Members Senator VANDENBERG to Senator Borah on Borah, MacArthur, Vandenberg. of Congress of. our day. the occasion of the death of the dean of Mr. Speaker, I shall not trespass I say all this as background for the the Senate; the greatest encomium I longer upon your time. I will simply statement that of all the men it has been think I have ever read by one man paid pronounce their names and let them my privilege to know since becoming a to another. shine on in deathless splendor. "Life is Member of the Congress, the man who VANDENBERG was a master of the tongue real, life is earnest, and the grave is came nearest to measuring up to the of Shakespeare. All of his speeches, not its goal. Dust thou art and to dust standard of greatness which was in my XCVII-260 4130 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.-HOUSE APRIL 19 mind as a boy, the man who came near­ hospital for a check-up. I think we truly said that Senator ARTHUR H. VAN­ est to what I had pictured as a states­ can get hold of a certain other man DENBERG helped build the foundation for man, the equal to the giants who built d 1\7n there who might get this program that world. On these broad and funda­ this Republic and have preserved it­ started while his boss is in the hospital." mental problems he undoubtedly had a that man was ARTHUR VANDENBERG. So he called up the individual in my· grasp that was unexcelled. His influ­ There were many reasons for such an presence and talked to him, and the road ence will be felt by millions of persons estimate; his impressive appearance, his block was broken, and after 3 % months who may get the freedom that they never lucidity of thought and speech, his abil­ of dt:lay the will of the Congress began had before. ity to influence the minds of others. He to be carried out. It was his attitude on these matters had great capacity and wisdom and That was the last contact on a major that leads me to say that of all the men patriotism and courage. But perhaps matter which I had with. the distin­ I have known in Congress, he was the the outstanding mark of his statesman­ guished gentleman-brilliant, patriotic, most statesmanlike and also inspired me ship was this: When he saw that a posi­ courageous, tactful, persuasive-who most. tion he had been a leader in maintain­ served the State of Michigan and all His loss will be tremendous but all of ing was no longer tenable in the kind of America so effectively in the Senate of us can make his work more successful shrinking world in which we live, he had the United States. He was a blessing to by doing our part in trying to carry out the greatness to reverse his stand and me, just one of the many, many humble his ideas. become the leader of the opposite posi­ persons to whom he gave considerate Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield tion from that which he had supported attention as he walked the road of life, to the gentleman from North Carolina and advocated for so long. That is true and I am sure he has been a blessing to [Mr. DEANE]. greatness; the capacity to grasp and to all who have been privileged to know him Mr. DEANE. Mr. Speaker, when I grow; and the courage to give up mere well. We can only wish comfort for the think of the distinguished and beloved consistency in order to do the thing that hearts of those loved ones who are left, Senator from Michigan, ARTHUR VAN­ he now believed was in the best interest in their knowledge of the great service DENBERG, I think of the United Nations. of his country. he rendered to our country and to man­ During these days it is difficult when Perhaps it is proper for me to repeat kind. ·we think of our parties to ·be absolutely this personal word of appreciation. Mr. WOLCO'IT. Mr. Speaker, I yield fair, unbiased, and sincere; we are so Many times in the six or more years I to the gentleman from California [Mr. prone to put partisanship ahead of the was. privileged to know and consult JOHNSON]. . welfare of our country. But I feel that with him, when I was struggling almost Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, of all no person jn America made a greater alone at times in favor of policies and the men I have met since I came to Con­ contribution and exemplified a greater actions which I believed were necessary gress, almost 10 years ago, Senator VAN­ sincerity than did Senator VANDENBERG if we were not to get into the perilous DENBERG was the most inspiring person. The people of both of our great parties situation in Asia, which we have heard I first met him at a national convention respected this great statesman from portrayed here today by General Mac­ in 1936. At that time he did not im­ Michigan. Arthur, I received encouragement from press me. I went away with the impres­ Mr. Speaker and Members of the Senr.tor VANDENBERG. Perhaps his sym­ sion, as my colleague the gentleman from House, I feel that much of the success pathy with my views came from his long Missouri [Mr. SHORT] stated, that he of the United Nations is due to the lead­ association with General MacArthur, to was a "stuffed shirt." But after I came ership of Senator VANDENBERG, and I which the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. to Congress a group of Congressmen, of have a feeling, too, that if he were liv­ SHORT] so eloquently referred. In any which the gentleman from Minnesota ing and in his full vigor and strength case he helped me keep plugging away [Mr. JUDD] was one and of which I was that he would yet urge greater and more at the job. one, had him talk to us off the record, sincere cooperation on the part of our The last time I went to him for help about a solution of our postwar prob­ . Congress with this great organization. ·on a major matter wae in July 1948. The lems. Senator VANDENBERG exemplified in my Congress had passed on April 3, 1948, the I was very much impressed with what opinion the ideology of "Not who is right, foreign-aid bill containing a title called he had to say. He pointed out that in but what is right" when it came to a the China Aid Act. It was designed to the chaotic, uncertain, shattered, and matter of a decision involving the peace preven~ exactly the dangerous predica­ explosive world in which we lived that of the world. ment in which we find our country to­ some way must be found to settle inter­ We can only hope and pray that his day, by helping the Chinese Government national disputes by peaceful means. He vision of a great group of nations acting put down the Communist rebellion which himself had changed his own position together in a common undertaking will had not yet been able to conquer even and had turned from the restrictive po­ yet prevail. To his memory I pay this Manchuria. For 3 months somebody in sition of isolationism to the broader one very sincere salute. the State Department had refused to that nations like persons could not suc­ Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I yield move to set in motion the provisions of cessfully live in a state of anarchy. to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. the bill which it was their business to Furthermore, Senator VANDENBERG JENKINS]. carry out in good faith because it was dropped much of his partisanship and Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, it was the law of the iand, whether they liked took a more objective view of the stu­ my good fortune to know Senator it or not. Military-type aid had been pendous problems facing the world. · He ARTHUR VANDENBERG well and intimately authorized and the money appropriated recognized that the United States was for a long time. As some of you know, to help those who \/ere already fighting the leader in the family of nations and I have had a somewhat extended experi­ this great Coml!lunist cancer so that unless our position was one of broad tol­ ence here as a Member of this House. American boys would not have to give up erance and of a determination to unify Because of that I have had occasion to their lives in Korea or elsewhere fighting the world in the interest of peace, there know a great many men who have served it later. Time was of decisive impor­ was little chance for a peaceful world. in the House or in the Senate. I pre­ tance, and we could not budge the road He expounded the thesis of collective sume, like all the rest of you, I would block. I finally went to Senator VAN­ security and peace with justice. His mentally appraise them as I met them DENBERG. He was to leave that after­ leadership had a profound influence on and had association with them. I have noon, the session having ended, to go myself and I think many other Members appraised Senator VANDENBERG for a long back to Michigan, and he was busy. I of the House and undoubtedly also on time. There are other men that I have said, "How in the world can we break Members of the other body. met and known as Members of the this thing loose so that the aid will start His record is a good illustration of the House or Senate who probably could going? The Chinese cannot hope to win statement that partisanship and states­ match him in oratory and in debate, but if they have to wait for supplies months manship do not mesh very often. As his nobody that I have known here in Con­ longer in the midst of the battle." He partisanship became less pronounced his gress in either House was superior to said, "Well, I have an idea. The key­ statesmanship became more evident. If Senator ARTHUR VANDENBERG in putting man in the agency responsible-I shall the free and peaceful world which we on paper what he thought, what he be­ not mention his name-has gone to the arc all hoping for comes, it can then be lieved, and what he wanted to say. His 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4131 ability in this respect was to my mind venerated by his compatriots; that he The Nation still needed ARTHUR VAN­ responsible for the high standing that was held in justifiable esteem for his un­ DENBERG. Even more it still needs the he achieved among the statesmen of his selfish service to a noble cause. sort of unity, in support. of sound prin­ generation. To his family I extend my I add my tribute to the late Senator ciples of enlightened self-interest, which sympathy and I say to his children that ARTHUR VANDENBERG, of Michigan, of ARTHUR VANDENBERG envisioned and they no doubt found many character­ · whom no greater thing may be said than which he· strove so valiantly to achieve. istics of mind and heart that will cause that he lived a rich and useful life; a life Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask them to forever revere and respect their dedicated to the welfare of his country­ unanimous consent that all Members brilliant father. men. may have five legislative days within Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. Mr. Speaker, which to revise and extend their re­ unanimous consent that all Members the death of ARTHUR VANDENBERG, senior marks in respect to the resolution just may extend their remarks at this point Senator from the State of Michigan, is a offered. on this resolution. · very great loss to his State and to the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Nation as a whole. the request of the gentleman from Mich­ the request of the gentleman from Mich­ Successful as an editor, successful as igan? igan? an author, he was to attain outstanding There was no objection. , There was no objection. success as a Member of the United States HOUSE MEMBERS OF FUNERAL . Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ Senate in extremely difficult times. COMMITTEE tion has lost one of its most distin­ Elected to the Senate in 1928, he be­ guished sons in the death of Senator came recognized throughout the Nation The SPEAKER. The Chair appoints ARTHUR VANDENBERG, of Michigan. as one of its outstanding Members and as members of the committee on the part , It was my privilege to work with Sen­ as a leader in the field of foreign affairs, of the House to attend the funeral the ator VANDENBERG for many years, and serving as chairman of the Foreign Rela­ following Members: Messrs. WooDRUFF, particularly at the time that I served as tions Committee of the Senate during WOLCOTT, DINGELL, DONDERO, CRAWFORD, House majority leader in the Eightieth the Eightieth Congress, and playing a HOFFMAN of Michigan, SHAFER, BLACK­ Congress and he was chairman of the vital role in the molding of important NEY, BENNETT of Michigan, POTTER, Senate Foreign Relations Committee. legislation dealing with relations be­ RABAUT, O'BRIEN of Michigan, FORD, It is on the basis of this pleasant asso­ tween this country and other nations in LESINSKI, MACHROWICZ, MEADER, and ciation with the Senator that I place my. the free world. Miss THOMPSON of Michigan. high evaluation on his record of service In these critical days in the history The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report to America. of the world the country can ill afford the balance of the resolution. 1 When history places its final assess­ to lose his great ability and fine capacity The Clerk read as follows: ment on his contribution to the country for leadership. Resolved, That fJ.S a further mark of re­ during his long and illustrious career in I have known him over the years, ever spect to the memory of the deceased the the Senate of the United States I am since he came to Washingto"n, as a per­ House do now adjourn. confident that the sentiments expressed sonal friend. I shall miss him. The resolution was agreed to. here now by his colleagues of both Houses I join in heartfelt sympathy to the Accordingly