Forschungen Zur Baltischen Geschichte 2 2007
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Vuosikirja Årsskrift 98 2008
Sisällys Sisällys Suomen kirkkohistoriallisen seuran Finska kyrkohistoriska samfundets Vuosikirja Årsskrift 98 2008 Jahrbuch der Finnischen Gesellschaft für Kirchengeschichte Mit Zusammenfassungen With Summaries Toimittaneet Mikko Ketola ja Tuija Laine Suomen kirkkohistoriallinen seura PL (Aleksanterinkatu ) FI- Helsingin yliopisto Myynti: Tiedekirja, Kirkkokatu , Helsinki Puh. () , telekopio e-mail: tiedekirja@tsv. Kansi ja taitto: Terhi Lehtonen ISBN Helsinki 2008 ISSN Suomen kirkkohistoriallinen seura Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy Societas historiae ecclesiasticae Fennica Jyväskylä, Sisällys Sisällys Sisällys – Innehåll H Jaakko Gummerus Vv. – tapahtumat ja niiden jälkivaikutukset..................................................... K. V. Petrell Viisi viikkoa sotavankina ..–............................................................................. Saatteeksi ............................................................................................................................... 5 A – A Följebrev ................................................................................................................................ 6 Maiju Lehmijoki-Gardner Mikko Ketola Jaroslav Pelikan –............................................................................................... Suomen kirkkohistoriallisen seuran esimiehen avaussanat Sisällissota ja kirkko -seminaarissa ............................................................. Laura Koskelainen Hyvinvointivaltioiden tutkimusta, jossa on myös uskonto otettu -
Gender Equality in the Cultural and Creative Sectors
« «« « « «« « ««« EUROPEAN AGENDA EUROPEAN AGENDA CULTURE FOR CULTURE PLAN FOR WORK 2019-2022 «««««««« JUNE 2021 TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY IN THE CULTURAL AND CREATIVE SECTORS REPORT OF THE OMC (OPEN METHOD OF COORDINATION) WORKING GROUP OF MEMBER STATES’ EXPERTS ZZEBULIGARYTHICREATIVEWHYISITWORTHIVESTIGINCULTURALANDERTCGAEUROPEAN UNION - Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2021 © European Union, 2021 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged. ISBN 978-92-76-20365-0 doi:10.2766/122208 NC-02-20-500-EN-N « «« « « «« « ««« EUROPEAN AGENDA EUROPEAN AGENDA CULTURE FOR CULTURE PLAN FOR WORK 2019-2022 «««««««« JUNE 2021 TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY IN THE CULTURAL AND CREATIVE SECTORS REPORT OF THE OMC (OPEN METHOD OF COORDINATION) WORKING GROUP OF MEMBER STATES’ EXPERTS Editor: Amelie Menzel, European Experts’ Network on Culture Towards gender equality in the cultural and creative sectors OMC 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 Culture and gender equality 7 1.2 The work of the group 9 1.3 About this report 13 1.4 Definitions 15 2. GENDER EQUALITY IN THE CCS – A CONTEXTUALISATION 19 2.1 Then: The role of women in the history of art and culture 21 2.2 Now: Cultural and creative sectors – a major but demanding sector 27 3. IMPACT OF THE COVID CRISIS ON GENDER EQUALITY IN THE CCS 31 3.1 Gender equality and the COVID-19 pandemic 33 3.2 Good practices 36 4. -
Latvijas Sievietes Sabiedriskajā Un Valsts Dzīvē Un Mākslā (1860–1944)
KORESPONDENCE 2019. gads 73. sējums 4. numurs LATVIJAS SIEVIETES SABIEDRISKAJĀ UN VALSTS DZĪVĒ UN MĀKSLĀ (1860–1944) Ilgars Grosvalds Atslēgas vārdi: Latvijas sievietes, cariskās Krievijas laiks, neatkarīgā Latvija, glezniecība, grafika, tēlniecība, lietišķā māksla Inženierzinātņu doktors Ilgars Grosvalds (1927–2019) bija ķīmiķis, zinātnieks un peda- gogs, strādāja gan būvniecības nozarē, gan bija pasniedzējs un ķīmijas, fizikas un astronomi- jas skolotājs. Neatņemama viņa dzīves sastāvdaļa bija zinātnes popularizēšana, kas balstīta zinātnes vēstures pētījumos. Pēdējos dzīves gados viņš intensīvi vāca un publicēja datus par Latvijas sievietes lomu dažādās jomās — izglītībā, sabiedrībā un valsts dzīvē, mākslā. 2013. gadā izdota neliela Grosvalda publikācija “Latvijas Universitātes sievietes augstākajā izglītībā un zinātnē XX gs. pirmajā pusē” (32 lpp). Šo tēmu autors vēlējās paplašināt pub- likācijās LZA Vēstu A daļas izdevumos. Žurnāla 2014. gada 5./6. numurā līdzautorībā ar Latvijas Ķīmijas vēstures muzeja līdzstrādnieku Ivanu Griņeviču publicēts raksts “Latvijas sievietes ceļā uz augstāko izglītību un zinātni”. Otru rakstu par šo tēmu “Latvijas sievietes izglītībā un zinātnē (1860–1944)” publicējām 2017. gada 2. numurā. Nesen LZA Vēstu A daļas redakcija saņēma vēl divus Ilgara Grosvalda rakstus: “Latvijas sieviete sabiedriskajā un valsts dzīvē (1860–1944)” un “Latvijas sieviete glezniecībā un tēlniecībā (1860–1944)”. Rakstu autora nodoms bija apkopot vienuviet 20. gadsimta sākuma ievērojamāko Latvijas sieviešu dzīvesstāstus un veikumu. Divus pēdējos iesniegtos rakstus Ilgara Grosvalda dzīves laikā nepaguvām izdot, turklāt raksts par Latvijas sievietēm mākslā nebija pabeigts, tomēr, godinot autora piemiņu, esam lēmuši nodot lasītājam šo rakstu apkopojumu.1 Latvijas sieviete sabiedriskajā un praktiskā intelektuālā darbā. Rīgā sāka strā- valsts dzīvē (1860–1944) dāt pirmās divas ārstes: Anna Kizelbaša (dzī- No idejas un nacionālās kustības izauga ves dati nav atrasti), kas diplomu medicīnā latviešu nācija un valsts. -
The Unattached Intellectual in State Government Agencies: Rainis in Two Stages of Politically Relevant Activities
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 21, Issue 5, Ver. 1 (May. 2016) PP 55-70 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org The Unattached Intellectual In State Government Agencies: Rainis In Two Stages Of Politically Relevant Activities Inese Grumolte-Lerhe The article deals with the role of unattached intellectuals in society, and transformation of this role after their involvement in state government agencies. The case of Latvian poet, playwright and politician, Rainis, is being explored. Analysis of his intentions in two stages of politically relevant activities, i.e. stage of unattached intellectual and the politician, reveal continuity.This continuity in combination withreluctance to set a new agenda for the new career contributed to the clash of identities. Furthermore, Rainislaid claim on holding the authority of leader which is related to the symbolic power. Keywords: the political role and responsibility of intellectual, Rainis, unattached intellectual, politician. I. INTRODUCTION The subject of involvement of intellectuals,agents representing various artistic and aesthetic fields, in socially political processes of non-free societies, has earned an extensive scholarly attention in various contexts. One has to agree that fields of cultural and scholarly work provide a comparatively high degree of freedom under repressive regimes,thus their political relevance may be invokedper se(Cvijetic 1999). However, empirical studies give evidence for the fact that intellectuals who were once fighting against the repressive regime, use to change the sides of entrenchment after the regime overthrow, and turn into state government officials or politicians under the newly-established or the restoreddemocratic regime. -
Rainis' Apology Of
ISSN 2335-2337. BALTIC JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE. December 2013, No 2 RAINIS’ APOLOGY OF THE ‘BASIC CLASS’: THE WORLD REVOLUTION OR THE NATIONAL EMANCIPATION? Inese Grumolte ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to analyze the reasons for Rainis’ appreciation of the phenomenon he labels as the ‘basic class’. The Latvian writer attributes this concept to the members of society who provide the livelihood for themselves by doing mainly the manual labour. Although thus a praise for the proletariat is voiced, the reasons are more nuanced than the common Soviet interpretation allowed to see. Rainis sees the ‘Basic class’ as a crucial agent in the struggle for Latvian national emancipation. At the same time, the article seeks an answer to the question why, according to Rainis, bourgeoisie is reluctant to fight this struggle. INTRODUCTION The 150th birth anniversary of the Latvian poet and playwright Jānis Pliekšāns (pseudonym Rainis1) is approaching (2015). In Latvia, his name does not require commentaries. However, this does not imply that his works are drained as objects of scholarly interest, at least looking from the angle of political science. The well-known Polish philosopher Leszek Kolakowski, when juggling intellectually with the basic postulates of the main political ideologies, once proved: being a conservative liberal socialist is not impossible (Kolakowski 1997: 225–229). These were the nineties of the 20th century. Reasonings based on dichotomies, such as ‘those who are not with us are against us’, seemed to have disreputed themselves ; the ‘end of the history’ was proclaimed (Fukuyama 1998: 86). When heading towards the ideological consensus, it seemed that the political ideologies are not as incompatible as it has seemed before. -
Reliģija Un Latviešu Nacionālisms Ideju Vēsturē Latvijā
Latvijas Universitāte Vēstures un filozofijas fakultāte Filozofijas nodaļa Agita Misāne RELIĢIJA UN LATVIEŠU NACIONĀLISMS IDEJU VĒSTURĒ LATVIJĀ Promocijas darbs doktora zinātniskā grāda iegūšanai Izstrādāts filozofijas nozarē, ideju vēstures apakšnozarē Zinātniskā vadītāja: Dr.Phil. Solveiga Krūmiņa-Koņkova Rīga, 2016 Saturs IEVADS.............................................................................................................................4 Nacionālisma jēdziens. Nacionālisma un reliģijas saskare kā akadēmiskas izpētes tēma. Latviešu nacionālisms un ticības kopienas. Promocijas darba pētījuma hronoloģiskās robežas. ‘Identitāte’ un ‘tradīcija’ un – promocijas darba atslēgvārdi. Pētījuma mērķis un uzdevumi. Pētījuma tematiskā, metodoloģiskā, terminoloģiskā un faktoloģiskā novitāte. Pētījuma gaita un izmantotās metodes. Promocijas darba struktūra. I DAĻA. PAR METODI. NACIONĀLISMA UN RELIĢIJAS SASKARSMES APRAKSTĪŠANAS IESPĒJAS ...................................................................................35 Kā iztēloties nāciju? Sociālais konstrukcionisms un ‘zināšanu socioloģija’. Sociālās konstrukcijas procesa dialektika. Nodu jeb mezglu punktu pieeja. II DAĻA. LATVIEŠU RELIĢISKĀ IDENTITĀTE ………………………………51 II/1 Latvijas reliģiskā vēstures interpretācijas latviešu nacionālisma diskursā………………………………………………………………………..…...……51 Reliģiskās vēstures fakti un interpretācijas.Kristietības recepcija un reliģiju sadursme. „Latviešu reliģiskās grūtības” kā reliģisks, etnisks un politiks konflikts. Konfesionālais diskurss. Personae: -
Literatūrzinātne, Folkloristika, Māksla Literature, Folklore, Arts
LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 732. SĒJUMS Literatūrzinātne, folkloristika, māksla Latviešu literatūra un reliģija SCIENTIFIC PAPERS UNIVERSITY OF LatVIA VOLUME 732 Literature, Folklore, Arts Latvian Literature and Religion SCIENTIFIC PAPERS UNIVERSITY OF LatVIA VOLUME 732 Literature, Folklore, Arts Latvian Literature and Religion Latvijas Universitāte LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 732. SĒJUMS Literatūrzinātne, folkloristika, māksla Latviešu literatūra un reliģija Latvijas Universitāte UDK 82.0:821+398+7(082) Li 848 Galvenā redaktore Dr. philol., prof. Ausma Cimdiņa Krājuma sastādītājas: Dr. philol., asoc. prof. Ieva Kalniņa, Dr. phil. Iveta Leitāne Redkolēģija: Dr. habil. philol., prof. Juris Kastiņš – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Dr. habil. philol., prof. Sigma Ankrava – LU Moderno valodu fakultāte Dr. habil. philol., prof. Janīna Kursīte – LU Filoloģijas fakultāte Dr. philol., prof. Ilze Rūmniece – LU Filoloģijas fakultāte Dr. philol., prof. Ludmila Sproģe – LU Filoloģijas fakultāte Dr. habil. art. / Dr. philol., prof. Silvija Radzobe – LU Filoloģijas fakultāte Dr. art., asoc. prof. Valdis Muktupāvels – LU Filoloģijas fakultāte Dr. philol., prof. Viktors Freibergs – LU Moderno valodu fakultāte Dr. philol. Helmuts Vinters – Vācija Dr. habil. philol. Irina Belobrovceva – Tallinas Universitāte (Igaunija) Ph.D., Prof. Kārlis Račevskis – Ohaio Universitāte (ASV) Prof. Lalita Muižniece – Rietummičiganas Universitāte, Kalamazū (ASV) Prof. Jurate Sprindīte – Lietuviešu literatūras un mākslas institūts (Lietuva) Prof. Nijole Laurinkiene -
Humanities and Social Sciences Latvia
HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES LATVIA Volume 25, Issue 1 (Spring-Summer 2017) University of Latvia Press CONTENTS From the Editor .......................................................................................... 3 Louis Wierenga Russians, Refugees and Europeans: What Shapes the Discourse of the Conservative People’s Party of Estonia? ......................................... 4 Arūnas Molis, Justinas Juozaitis Baltic Plug into European Electricity Network: Perspectives of Success .............................................................................. 20 Volkan Sezgin The Impact of Merchanting on Germany’s Current Account Balance .......................................................................................... 45 Henry Kam Kah Hegemonic Rivalry and Emerging Civil Society in the Gulf of Guinea in the 21st Century ....................................................... 53 Vladislav Volkovs Communication of Ethnic Groups in Public Space in Latvia ...................................................................................................... 73 Nataļja Šroma, Anastasija Vedela A Female Bildungsroman: the Gymnasium Girl as a Literary Character in the Gender Discourse in Latvia of the 1920s-1930s ............ 87 Haidong Feng, Zhenhua Zhang, Li Fan Management and Governance Differences between Huawei and Traditional Chinese Private Enterprises ............................................. 106 THE AUTHORS ............................................................................................ 117 FROM THE EDITOR -
Moving Into Modernism: Outward and Introspective Journeys in the Early 20Th Century Latvian Women's Travel Narratives
MOVING INTO MODERNISM: OUTWARD AND D INTROSPECTIVE JOURNEYS IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY LATVIAN WOMEN'S TRAVEL NARRATIVES D ZITA KĀRKLA ISSN 1392-0588 (spausdintas) ISSN 2335-8769 (internetinis) Institute of Literature, Folklore and Art of the University of Latvia https://doi.org/10.7220/2335-8769.72.6 2019. 72 SUMMARY. The advancement of women as writers in Latvia during the early 20th century was directly attributed to increased education and freedom. Travelling literary women in the early twentieth century were also part of a larger pattern –the increased ability to travel for pleasure. At the beginning of the 20th century Latvian upper middle class women went to Western Europe – Italy, France, Switzerland – for enjoyment and educational purposes. Anna Rūmane–Ķeniņa’s (1877–1950) cycle of sketches From the South (Iz Dienvidiem) (1902) and Angelika Gailīte’s (1884–1975) travel narrative Observations and Dreams (Vērojumi un sapņojumi) (1920) described travel to Italy. Travelogues, positioned between autobiography and fiction, represented subjective experiences and gave women writers an acceptable medium for expressing their thoughts and ideas publicly. As women writers shared their impressions of foreign spaces and peoples with their audience at home, they also articulated themselves. Inscribing their own lives into a text they rein- forced their new social position as modern women and writers, thus travel narratives also served as important instances of female agency at the beginning of 20th century Latvia. KEYWORDS: women writers, travelogue, autobiographic writing, female agency, Latvian literature. INTRODUCTION “On November 29, 1879, I climbed again in the wagon, to start a travel. My mind was joyful, like a bird that forgets everything, rising up singing in the clouds. -
The Orthodox Church in Lithuania During the Soviet Period Regina Laukaitytė
LITHUANIAN HISTORICAL STUDIES 7 2002 ISSN 1392-2343 pp. 67–94 THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN LITHUANIA DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD REGINA LAUKAITYTĖ ABSTRACT The present article deals with the history of the Orthodox Church in Lithuania between 1944 and 1990, focusing mainly on the exceptional situation of Orthodoxy conditioned by the Soviet attempts to exploit it via internal policy in the republic. Consolidating the Stalinist regime in occupied Lithuania in 1944– 1948, the government demanded Orthodox archbishops start ‘the struggle against reactionary Catholicism’, i.e., start a critique of its dogmas, to bring the whole faith into disrespect, etc. Nevertheless, even though it enjoyed state support the Orthodox Church was too weak to compete successfully with Catholicism which remained dominant in the country. Small in number, Russian-speaking, alien to Lithuanian society and culture and lacking intellectual potential, the Orthodox Church failed to cope with the task. Besides, strengthening the position of Orthodoxy was not acceptable to the leadership of Soviet Lithuania. Though subsequently not directly protected, but having already strengthened its structures, the Orthodox Church continued to enjoy its favourable political image as a religion ‘less harmful’ to the interests of the state than Catholicism. Accordingly, the consequences of the anti- religious campaign, conducted in the entire Soviet Union from 1958 to 1964, were minimal in the Lithuanian eparchy. Some of the reforms were not implemented here altogether. In Lithuania the attention of the Soviet regime was concentrated mainly on the struggle against Catholicism, and Orthodoxy for a long time remained outside the sphere of atheistic propaganda. As time went by the Orthodox eparchy was put into the shade entirely by the concern of the KGB and the commissioners about the growing underground of the Catholic Church in Lithuania. -
LNKC 2016. Gada Publiskais Pārskats
2016.gada publiskais pārskats Rīga 2017 Latvijas Nacionālais kultūras centrs Adrese: Pils laukums 4, Rīga, LV-1365 Tālrunis: (+371) 67228985 Fakss: (+371) 67227405 e-pasts: [email protected] Pārskatu izstrādājis © Latvijas Nacionālais kultūras centrs © LNKC 2017 SATURS 1. PAMATINFORMĀCIJA ................................................................................................... 6 2. LNKC 2016.GADA DARBĪBAS REZULTĀTI ............................................................... 11 2.1.Kultūras un radošās industrijas izglītības nodaļa ...................................................... 11 2.1.1. Mūzikas izglītība .................................................................................................. 16 2.1.2. Dejas izglītība ...................................................................................................... 19 2.1.3. Mākslas izglītība .................................................................................................. 20 2.2.Nemateriālā kultūras mantojuma nodaļa .................................................................. 25 Latvijas NKM saglabāšana un attīstība .......................................................................... 25 Starptautiskā sadarbība ................................................................................................. 27 NKM saglabāšanas un tālāknodošanas pasākums “Satiec savu meistaru!” ..................... 39 NKM zināšanu pārmantošanas projekts “Katram savu tautastērpu” ............................... 40 2.2.1. Tautas lietišķās mākslas -
The Elections
XII The Elections “Honestly speaking, I cannot imagine how it is possible to organize elections under the conditions of occupation by foreign forces.” —Vladimir Putin, President of Russia, December 7, 2004 “By choosing the very best, most reliable sons of labor, the Unified Labor Front comes to our aid so that all sorts of agents of chauvinism and capitalism do not get into the Seimas.” —election oratory “Whoever does not vote is voting for the enemy.” —Tiesa,July8,1940 On July 5, the council of ministers, under the direction of Paleckis and Dekanozov, agreed to schedule elections for a new parliament, and the announcement appeared in the next day’s newspapers. The citizenry would vote on July 14, just nine days away, to elect a “People’s Seimas.” Although not announced as such, the People’s Seimas would have the power of a constituent assembly—it would proclaim a new form of government, establish a new definition of “national independence,” and approve the nationalization of banks, large industries and land. It would send a delegation to Moscow to apply for membership in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. It would go on to adopt a constitution, all without resorting to any formal participation by the population of Lithuania or for that matter requiring any formal action by the People’s Government. Organized demonstrations would suffice. None of this, to be sure, was specifically mentioned in the campaign before the election; the process, however, closely followed the Politburo’s announced plan for the incorporation of the Belarusian and Ukrainian lands in the fall of 1939, as discussed above in chapter I.