VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

A collaboration between the Mokokchung QQC Planning & Organising Committee and the Citizens of Mokokchung.

Prepared by; Mayangnokcha Award Trust. Published by Mokokchung District Art & Culture Council (MDACC) On behalf of the people of Mokokchung

300 copies

2019

Printed at Longpok Offset Press, Mokokchung VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Contents

Acknowledgements Foreword Preface Executive Summary

Introduction …………………………………..………….…………………. 5

Vision Mokokchung 2040 ……………………………………………... 7

Core Values of Vision Mokokchung 2040 ……………………... 8

The Foundation of Vision Mokokchung 2040 ……..…………... 9

Economic Development Model ………………………….…………… 13

Conclusion …………………………………………………………………….. 22

MAT Position Papers.

Papers from Resource Persons.

Papers from Department & NGOs.

Transcribes. VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Acknowledgements

Over the years, there have been discussions and isolated papers or documents for Mokokchung in terms of development and related issues. There are also Plan documents for development of various sectors by different Government Departments. We also appreciate that the Concerned Citizens Forum of Mokokchung (CCFM), had earlier brought out documents on their Vision of Mokokchung and its development.

But a comprehensive Vision document for Mokokchung in this format is perhaps the first of its kind, and for this, we wish to place on record our appreciation to the Mokokchung QQC Planning and Organising Committee and the District Administration for the initiative and unstinted support.

Mokokchung District Art & Culture Council (MDACC), who did all the legwork, liaising and various arrangements. All India Radio (AIR) Mokokchung, for giving wide publicity and producing local programmes on the theme, social media group – I Love Mokokchung (ILM), and many more. Countless individuals have taken the trouble to give their personal views and opinions, well-wishers, and many more others whose contributions havebeen immense. Though not mentioned by name, Thank You. We apologize for any inadvertent omissions.

Our sincere 'Thank You' to all those who have taken part during the several formal interactions and discussion programmes, including the Panel Talk sessions.

We especially thank all our Resource Paper presenters. Very limited time was given to all of us. However, they have set aside their other schedules and even commitments to give preference for Mokokchung. Such was their commitment for a shared vision for Mokokchung.

We profusely thank you all.

Dated: 11th October 2017

Er. Moa Aier Mr. Akok Walling MAT Trustor & Coordinator President Vision Mokokchung 2040 Mayangnokcha Award Trust

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GOVERNMENT OF NAGALAND OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER MOKOKCHUNG : : NAGALAND.

FOREWORD

Aptly called as the Land of Pioneers, the Ao community has come by leaps and bounds in terms of imbibing the modern way of life and aspirations. Mokokchung stands out as one of the most progressive district in Nagaland due to the tireless and concerted efforts of the leadership of yesteryears. While acknowledging the success stories of past endeavors, the need for introspection of the growing aspirations of the future generation that calls for a new road map to fill the lacunae of systemic lapses has been felt and incorporated in this Vision Document. The release of this “Vision Mokokchung 2040” document is timely for two reasons: while we are at a crossroads of an uncertain political dynamics, the growing demand for higher standards of governance and development process can no longer be kept on hold; While the human capital of the district is growing at a healthy pace with the Ao Nagas entering and excelling in all avenues- economic, political, socio-cultural and education, there is a need to properly channelize this resource through creation of a conducive environment to nurture and un tap this human potential. Strengthening of basic infrastructure for human development like roads, communication facilities, infrastructure for avenues like sports, educational and social institutions, forward and backward linkages in agriculture and allied services and fostering an effective and responsive citizenry are the major highlight of this Document. It underlines the urgency of overhauling a new way of thinking that is effective and responsive towards progress. As the Mayangnokcha Award Trust lays down the framework for a new roadmap for the next 25 years, it is my hope that this Vision Document serves well in line with the new development paradigm that developing societies are moving forward, a development approach that is holistic encompassing the sensitivities of changing

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times, people's aspiration and one that is harmonious towards nature. It calls for greater participation of the people from all quarters, wisdom from experience and commitment that strives for excellence and equity. Partnership with all stakeholders where confidence in each other and the trust will have to be the mainstay. A shared vision for a common good with selfless dedication by stake holders. The journey is one where there is a perennial struggle towards harmonizing interests and common good, to maintain a fine balance between the values of tradition and modernity, where one has to emerge as the benefactor of both. Regards and Best Wishes!

(SUSHIL KUMAR PATEL) IAS Deputy Commissioner Mokokchung. Nagaland.

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Preface

During the very short time that was given to us - one and a half- months; we have tried to solicit the views, opinions and suggestions of every concerned citizen and the responses have been spontaneous and tremendous. This we believe, is because this is an idea whose time has come. The people are seeing the fast paced progress and development of the world around them. The media with its every pervasiveness and reach, has made the growing gap between where we are now, and the rest of the world, all the more acute and painful. There is the desire and the realization that we deserve something better – The realization that we can do better and ought to do better. Aspirations have grown. But the delivery system has not only deteriorated, but has practically become defunct. The cry for a Vision and a better quality of life is therefore felt more acutely today than ever before. Vision Mokokchung 2040 is just a small step towards building a bridge for a better future. It is our dream that this becomes a people's movement – a live document. There are innumerable Plan documents produced by experts and even international consultants lying with the State Government. However we feel that these have become 'dead or dormant documents' as stakeholders are neither aware of the good points mentioned in these documents, nor are they being highlighted and properly implemented. Maybe the socio-political ground situation is an obstacle for implementation. Or perhaps, it could be even in the interest of those 'powers that be' to keep these developmental plan documents in cold storage. Be that as may, we do not claim any particular subject expertise to draw up such a Vision Document, but we have just tried to act as a channel for the aspirations expressed by the people. Therefore, this Vision Document contains only the dreams, the aspirations and the passion of the people and is not a technical paper. We painfully acknowledge our shortcomings in the technicalities. We hope that the readers, the people who are the real stakeholders, and the policy makers and those who implement them, shall view it from that perspective. Vision Mokokchung 2040; is in commemoration of the 125 Years of Mokokchung Town – Quasquicentennial Celebration held during 12th - 16th December 2015. This document is dedicated to all the pioneers of the town, and that we may continue to be inspired by their works and sacrifices.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Entrusted by the Deputy Commissioner & Convenor, Mokokchung QQC Planning and Organising Committee, Vision Mokokchung 2040 is an outcome of the Town's Quasquicentennial celebration during December 2015. Vision Mokokchung 2040 envisages a state where physical progress and economic development of Mokokchung is the outcome of a society, whose foundations are rooted in a shared value of integrity, trust, justice and freedom; an empowered and vigilant citizenry, and an accountable and performing government. A rapid development of key infrastructure in roads, water, electricity, medical & healthcare and education will be triggered only as an outcome of enlightened and responsible individuals. So also, the dire necessity of flourishing trade and commerce can take place as an outcome of strong work ethics and entrepreneurship. We desire a future in which trust and confidence are rebuilt at all levels – individual as well as corporate. A future in which we have a genuine transformative mind set can be expected only as a result of significant change from the many rigid traditional dogmas to modernity. Developing a strong Agri& Allied sector should form one of the main bases for an economic rejuvenation of the District. In our search for economic growth, development and jobs, an adequate level of population growth should be maintained for productive economic activity and workforce. The District must continue to maintain the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) above the minimum replacement rate of 2.1 child born per woman. Our rich heritage and culture can be sustained only if a healthy TFR is maintained. The threat by illegal immigrants to our very survival is real. Along with strong legal and security measures, this can be effectively confronted by denying them the “pull factor” of jobs and economic survival in our lands, through our hard work and occupying all economic spaces – in farms, in shops, in small businesses, in construction, in factories and

5 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 everywhere, by our own hands only. A “vision” which cannot comprehend nor address this issue would not be a “vision”, but will result in a situation of where “the people perish”. Road quality and connectivity would be the key drivers for our economic development. The present time taken from point A to point B is unacceptable. The aspired times should be half of what is taken now. This will mean better roads which will open new vistas for new businesses in all sectors, and shall have an impact on overall quality of life in all aspects. To achieve an accountable Government, by the 2023 General Elections, we need to elect all the MLAs of the district without a financial burden to their personal accounts. Implementation of the Vision Mokokchung 2040will be the next immediate task. An empowered body may be set up under the aegis of the District Administration and the Apex Civil Societies of Mokokchung for the same. Vision Mokokchung 2040 shall also need time to time reviews and re- orientations. Various expert Committees and sub-committees may be set up for such exercises and providing further thrust to the Vision and its actualisation.

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INTRODUCTION

“Where there is no vision, the people perish. But he that keepeth the law, happy is he”

Nowhere is the correlation of having a determination, and it takes strong political vision, survival, being law abiding and will. happiness of a people being more lucidly demonstrated than the above Bible verse. A clear example is the American space This one single sentence covers the whole programme – the moon landing. After the gamut for the success, prosperity and end of WWII, the U.S and the U.S.S.R were happiness of a people. Every people and locked in a cold war, competing with each every person desires to live a life of success other not only for leadership in economy, and happiness. Simply constructing a grand military and ideology, but also for vision is not a sufficient condition, but “he supremacy in the realms of science and that keepeth the law” is a necessary technology. The Soviet Union then stunned condition. In short, we are called to live as the U.S and the world by launching the th law-abiding citizens. This enables the Vision world's first artificial satellite – Sputnik, on 4 to be revealed and to be made real. October 1957. This was a great technical triumph for the Soviet Union. This changed I f we study the developed countries, we will history. The American public were caught find that they have achieved their advanced off-guard. To stem the political furor, and developed status not just by chance. America had to respond, and it launched its Some developed countries have taken first satellite on 31st January 1958, the shorter time to achieve the status and some Explorer–I. But this was not enough. have taken much longer. But what they all America needed to do more, and in 1961, have in common is their national goal, President Kennedy made the grand common vision and tenacious hard work. announcement of America's mission to the They have laid emphasis on visioning, moon “before this decade is out”. planning, governance, infrastructure, education & human resource development, On May 25, 1961, President Kennedy stood and a shared value system to achieve the before Congress to deliver a special stage of development they are in today. message on "urgent national needs." He They have taken clear and deliberate steps, asked for an additional $7 billion to $9 putting in their resources with focus and billion over the next five years for the space program, stating to Congress:

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and industrialization. The national goal for the moon landing gathered government and public support behind that one vision, which not only made possible its realization, but also provided several spin- off benefits particularly in scientific research and technology. The space program also provided innumerable military cutting “This nation should commit itself to achieving edge technologies. This edge continues till the goal, before the decade is out, of landing a today, making American military as the man on the moon and returning him safely to most potent and powerful setup. Military the earth” power has enabled them to project and secure their economic interest around the Skeptics questioned the ability of the world in an almost unlimited way, like no N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s a n d S p a c e other nation in history. Administration (NASA) to meet the president's timetable. However, on July 20, In contrast, the UK had never declared any 1969, the Apollo 11 astronauts — Neil long term vision and which gradually saw Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin their losing industrial and technological "Buzz" Aldrin Jr.—realized President pre-eminence even though the industrial Kennedy's dream. revolution first started in Britain, and although it even boasted once that the “sun At 8:18 p.m. ET, Neil Armstrong and Buzz never” sets on the British empire. Finland, a Aldrin became the first two individuals to small country with just five million ever land on the moon. Six hours later, Neil population and extreme winter climate Armstrong became the first to step onto the dipping to – 400C has a clear vision to lunar surface. They returned to Earth and promote and emphasize on technological landed in the Pacific Ocean on July 24. strengths. They are a leader in production of Broadcast on live TV to a world-wide eco-friendly paper, telecommunications audience, Armstrong stepped onto the (Nokia mobile handsets for instance), ship lunar surface and described the event as engines (Wartsila) etc. South Korea has a "one small step for man, one giant leap for similar vision and direction of resources, mankind." enabling them to become one of the most industrialized countries, dominating the car Over the previous two centuries preceding industry and consumer electronics. And the WWII, America already had developed these days, increasingly increasing their soft into a large economy based on technology power through culture, music, fashion and

8 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 entertainment industry. art science and technology to enhance the nation's overall power and strength, to Japan has 50-year Vision Plans with 5-year improve the people's living standards, to breakups of milestones and review. Japan focus on resolving problems encountered in Vision 2050 document developed by the large-scale industrial and agricultural Science Council of Japan stresses on production, and to effectively control and 'Principles of Strategic Science and a l l e v i ate p re s s u re b ro u g ht o n by Technology'. population, resources and the environment (A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, India 2020, pp.33-34). The important lessons that China has drawn from their past performance, is their failure Perhaps to try and emulate the above to promote science and technology as strategies for Vision Mokokchung 2040, strategic tools for empowerment. They also would be an incongruous situation. Ours point to the absence of mechanisms and would be far more basic, but in our context motivations in their economic activity to we hope, equally grand vision, to enable promote dependence on science and transformation, growth and development technology. Similarly, they hold that their of the Town and the District. This is a Vision scientific and technological efforts were not document pertaining to Mokokchung, oriented towards economic growth. As a where the town and the district cannot be consequence, they conclude that a large looked into in isolation. Thus, we cannot number of scientific and technological avoid considering the State environment as achievement were not converted into a whole either to put things into productive forces as they were too far perspective. We therefore hope that the removed from China's immediate economic spin-off benefits would be for the State as a and social needs. The Chinese vision is whole. therefore aimed at exploiting state-of-the

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Vision Mokokchung 2040

First quarter of the 21 st Century 2016 Þ 2030 Bedrock of the nation is Economic 2031 Þ 2040 2040 ‘building people’ Development (2016 -2040: 5 years x 5 terms) 1. Nurture 1. Top priority on Handling State Realise individuals to harmonizing the issues : the develop a environment and the · Educational VISION historical view economy. reform . of civilization 2. Emphasis on · Realize a society People so that they will programs that att ach of equal - with a be able to think importance to soft partnership . sense of strategically. power. · Realize a 2. Change from an 3. Emphasis on science Freedom convivial society . exclusively & technology. and govt-job based 4. Build a strong base · Social Justice.

career on agri & allied infrastructure for approach to sector. a healthy, secure

other jobs as life. well. Building acceptable · Industry, 3. Champion and levels of basic economy, labour nurture infrastructure: and employment entrepreneursh i. Roads policies. ip. ii. Water · Co-exist ence with 4. Rebuilding iii . Electricity nature and Trust trust & iv. Education rejuvenation of confidence at nature. all levels. · Information and 5. A mindset communication change from system. rig id traditional · Energy and the dogmas to environment. modernity. Ø Sustainabilit y of Society. Ø Degradation of Environment. Ø Illegal Immigration. Ø Quality of Education. Ø Burning Issues facing Values, Work Ethics and Nagaland Today : Unemployment. Ø Dormant Economy. Ø Electoral Malpractices. Ø Governance, Corruption. Ø Unsettled Indo - Naga political Chart 1: Vision Mokokchung 2040.

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What would be the first image or believe that the people has the greater expectation that come to our mind when responsibility. The Vision Mokokchung 2040 Vision Mokokchung 2040 is expressed? Most is thus built based on building people first. likely, each person would have a different p e r s p e c t i v e . T h e Vi s i o n c o u l d b e The Chart Vision Mokokchung 2040, technological based as in the case with encapsulates the framework of the Vision. China, industrial development based, We believe that Vision Mokokchung 2040 is infrastructure development based with about holistic development. We believe that grand projects, agricultural based, trade and we need to look at the visioning from the commerce based, even political issue based, perspective of nation building, with a sense or some other key focus area based. Each of patriotism. The bedrock of the visioning one would be equally valid, and some would thus be building people. From the elements of each one of these needs to be individual to the community level. incorporated into the Vision. However, with each theme if taken as the basis for a Vision CORE VALUES FOR VISION development, there would be different set MOKOKCHUNG 2040 of assumptions. This is where the agreement and a need for a common Vision becomes A Vision Document is a document that critical. describes a compelling idea or values or future state for a particular organization, Physical development is no doubt the most produc t or ser vice. I t defines the immediate and visible outcome of any stakeholders view of the product/service to Vision. This is our desired direction. A well be developed, specified in terms of the developed town, a prosperous district, good stakeholders key needs and features. roads and infrastructure, quality institutions Containing an outline of the envisioned core for education, clean environment, adequate requirements, it provides the contractual health care facilities etc. are the desires of basis for the more detailed technical any society. We believe we need a Vision on requirements. how to achieve these developments. But at the same time, we believe that at this present juncture of our society and its socio- economic-political situation, it is not the lack of financial resources that has led to such a development deficit. It is the delivery system and its institutions that has failed the people. But on the flip side, it is the people that has made the institutions that have failed them. Therefore, is it a system failure or a failure of the people themselves? We

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'Vision' and Core Values are intrinsically But it consists in the number of its linked. A M ission is therefore the cultivated citizens, implementation statement and process In its men of education, enlightenment, towards actualization of the Vision, which and character …. has to be grounded on agreed core values of - Martin Luther. the society. National characteristics also often exhibit their core value. For example, Before trying to formulate the Vision Mokokchung 2040, we have first tried to t h e G e r m a n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c o n return to the basics of our core value system. manufacturing excellence, demonstrated Many concerned citizens and organisations by German made cars and industrial have contributed their thoughts on this, machinery. The Japanese characteristics of which naturally forms the major component hard work, often at the cost of personal of this Document. comforts. The economic and industrial revolution of Korean economy within just a What will be our Naga society's national generation, based on their patriotic zeal of characteristic? The answer to this should work, service and sacrifice. form the most important component of a shared Vision. A Vision without Core Values would simply be utopian or akin to a drug induced Vision Mokokchung 2040 is one, in which we hallucination. Naga society today needs to wish to see the highest level of human critically re-introspect, re-asses and rebuilt resource development in all sectors, our Core Value system once again. Equitable Economic Development and prosperity, and ultimately – a society in We have seen in instances after instances, which people live, work and transact with that the progress and development of a utmost trust with each other, and a people, nation is first preceded by a strong vision with a sense of Freedom and Justice. and leadership with integrity. Availability of natural resources and potential alone is not In support and in explanation of the Vision sufficient. In fact, in a nation with abundant and how to achieve this, we have more than natural resources, but corrupt leadership, 30 papers on various issues contributed by leading thinkers, academicians, intellectuals, the rich natural resources could itself social workers and many others. The one become a curse, as the leadership uses the factor that all the contributors have in w e a l t h o f t h e r e s o u r c e s w i t h o u t common is that, having lived or served in the accountability to the people only to District at least for some time, they all have a perpetuate their kleptocracy. deep and genuine concern for Mokokchung and her citizens. The prosperity of a country depends, Not on the abundance of its revenues, The Papers are presented in alphabetical Nor on the strength of its fortifications, order of the writers and each paper attempts Nor on the beauty of its public buildings, to elucidate on specific areas of the Vision.

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THE FOUNDATION OF VISION traditional practices which could no longer MOKOKCHUNG 2040 be termed as necessary, and could even be impediments for a progressive society. How The Foundation of Vision Mokokchung 2040 soon can we make the transition? is based on the basic principle of “Building People”, in all sectors of social, education, Similarly, the Paper on “Understanding the economic, relationships, and mindset economic dynamics of Mokokchung” by change, which shall incorporate the Tsükti Longkumer, could help us to following attributes; u n d e r s t a n d h o w t o n u r t u r e 1. Nurture individuals to develop a entrepreneurship. historical view of civilization so that they will be able to think A society built based on Trust and strategically. 2. Change from an exclusively govt- Confidence can be one of the strongest and job based career approach to most productive ones (Moa Aier, Role of other job careers as well. Youth in Nation Building – with special 3. Champion and nurture reference to Nagas, 2015). However, lack of entrepreneurship. trust & confidence is probably one of the 4. Rebuilding trust & confidence at all levels. most serious issues facing the Naga society 5. A mindset change from rigid today. We can see this in almost all areas of traditional dogmas to modernity. the Naga discourse. This has created the too many factions amongst our national The Papers “Resurgence of values in Ao Naga workers, political groups and groupings, the Traditional and Customary Practices, with creation of numerous civil society Changes where necessary” by Lendinokdang organisations (CSOs) during the last few and Temsüla Ao, would give us some years and so on. Creation of the so many pointers on “nurture individuals to CSOs is a direct reflection of the society and development a historical view of civilization in many cases, have a negative impact on so that they will be able to think society's productiveness. strategically”. For instance, some CSOs were created due to We feel that a mindset unreasonably rooted the governance and political vacuum on certain rigid traditional dogmas, which created by a dysfunctional State and its may no longer be relevant to modernity and organs. As the State fails to discharge its progress, needs to be freed, or changes obligations in governance, development made. Many of our traditions and traditional and related issues, the society is forced to practices are good and makes for a more form their own collective assertiveness in cohesive society. Such attributes should be order to air their grievances. Lack of trust strengthened, but there are equally several

13 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 leads to many perceived threats – real or find solutions to global problems imagined, and thus formation of more a n d t o d e a l w i t h h i g h - l e v e l groupings against such perceived threats. decisions. Nevertheless, Finland has This creates a vicious cycle which leads to a strong historical and cultural tying up of precious human resources in background that offers great insight sustaining these groups and away from t o b o t h i t s p e o p l e a n d t h e economically more productive works. We neighboring countries. need to rebuild the Trust level of the society's fabric today. Competent workforce – Finland's workforce is highly educated and Finland is a small Scandinavian country. It computer literate. The knowledge has a long and perhaps bitter history of war transfer between business and and conflict with its giant neighbor Russia. universities has been one of the key Yet Finland is one of the most developed factors in Finland's track record of countries. With a high GDP income, it has innovation and economic success. one of the highest per capita consumption Creative solutions – The basis of of electricity, it has only a small domestic Finland's competitiveness, equality and market, yet it is globally competitive in many trust, was created through progress. industries. It is considered a high trust Finland has focused on finding creative country. It is ranked top 3 out 176 countries solutions to global problems. The (2016) by Transparency International as the problems the world now has to deal least corrupt country and on ease of doing with are more numerous and more difficult than ever before. Solving them business. The same ranking puts India at 79. requires decisiveness, reliability and The lowest is Somalia at 176. If Nagaland is high-level expertise. an independent country, which ranking number will it secure? Stable society – As a telling measure of its macroeconomic stability, Finland So what makes Finland tick? According to enjoys the highest possible status with the Finnish American Chamber of the global credit rating agencies Fitch Commerce, Florida, some of the attributes Ratings, Moody's and Standard & Poor's. According to the latest report are as given in the box. from Fitch, Finland's AAA status “is underpinned by sound public finances, Values – Finnish economy is based on a solid external position, high income competitiveness, equality and trust, per capita, demonstrable political and but most of all it is based on progress. social stability and an impeccable debt Innovation always pushed Finland to ser vice record”. Reliability and expertise are available in Finland's

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“Finland punches above its weight and stable society; the reputation for has done for decades. For a country reliability and top quality offer a good with a tiny population, geographically springboard. Finland has been remote and with an inclement climate repeatedly ranked at the top of the fact that Finland is considered a international sustainable development world leader in a number of areas is a indices. remarkable achievement and a Entry to the East – Finland offers a testament to the resilience and central location in the expanding determination of its people”. markets of Northern Europe, which is home to 80 million consumers, and Keith Waburton (https://www.worldbusinessculture.com/ provides an ideal entry to the East. country-profiles/finland/) Finland's long experience of trade in Northern Europe, combined with its h i s t o r i c a l a n d c u l t u ra l t i e s t o Can we dare say that Mokokchung and its neighboring countries, offers valuable social structure needs to reduce some of the insight and knowledge into the region. CSOs or NGOs at various levels and re-direct Finland is the ideal business gateway the scarce human resources to other also to Russia. Most of the transit trade productive economic activities? Can we dare from the EU to Russia already passes say that the above attributes of Finland – through Finland. The countries share Values, Competent Workforce, Creative the same rail gauge, so rail cars do not Solutions (innovation), Stable Society, Entry to require modification or reloading the East (Mokokchung is entry to several when they cross the border. districts, and Nagaland, an entry to East Asia), Excellent Infrastructure, English (proficiency); Excellent infrastructure – Well- can be made applicable to Mokokchung for functioning infrastructure and wide its resurgence under Vision Mokokchung transport network are essential for 2040? smooth and safe traffic flow and the competitiveness of businesses. They That we too can say, “Mokokchung's also are a prerequisite for foreign remarkable achievement is to its society built investments in Finland. on Trust, the resilience and determination of its people” This, in a sentence, is Vision English – English is the common Mokokchung 2040. l a n g u a g e o f F i n l a n d ' s h i g h l y international business community. It is also widely spoken throughout the population and especially among the younger generations. Swedish is Finland's second official language in addition to Finnish and many Finns also speak Russian.

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ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT innumerable choices, but offers can come right to your door steps.

In education, obtaining integrated degrees 1. Top priority on harmonizing the and double degrees during the same period Environment and the Economy. 2. Emphasis on programs that attach of study years are becoming the norm. For importance to Soft Power. information and entertainment, from a 3. Emphasis on Science & Technology. single radio channel, you now have 4. Build a strong base on Agri & Allied unlimited choices and media content is sector. available 24x7. Everything has become accelerated. Building acceptable levels of basic infrastructure: From a slow and single track availability, i. Roads almost everything is now available on ii. Water multiple tracks and at an exponential rate. In iii. Electricity iv. Education such an Age, only one thing remains constant – Time. A year still has only 365 days, Vision Mokokchung 2040 to be meaningful and each day 24 hours. It can neither be then, has to translate into measurable and added nor reduced. Within this framework, tangible economic development. Time and Productivity is the essence of today's economic model. The 20th Century One of the defining characteristics of the favorite English paper question – “write an st 21 Century is that everything is moving at a essay on punctuality”, carrying 15 marks, is much faster pace and more options to no longer relevant. The paradigm shift is now th almost everything. During the 19 Century, towards time optimization. To be more it would take at least 6 months for the p ro d u c t i ve, yo u n e e d b e t te r t i m e American missionaries from Chicago to optimization. This means that punctuality is reach the Naga Hills. Today it would take now taken for granted, but counting hours only 2 days. Want to buy a car? 30 years back, alone is not sufficient. Earlier, a task which you had only two choices – an Ambassador one needed 4 hours to complete, now needs or a Fiat. You would then book for one and to be completed in equal quality, if not wait for years before your turn came for superior, in 2 hours, and get on with the next delivery. An anecdote is that for a two- task. This is the 21st Century economic model. wheeler Bajaj scooter, the father would book it on the day of his son's birth, which In countries where this concept is well would hopefully reach their turn by the understood and implemented, faster son's 18th birthday! Today you not only have progress is achieved. They build better roads

16 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 to save time. They ensure utility services at examples around the world of road door steps so that citizens need not spend d e v e l o p m e n t d r i v e n e c o n o m i c their time in trying to secure these, but will development strategy. concentrate on other economic activities. The Mumbai-Pune Expressway is India's first For instance, a family might spend a whole six-lane, high-speed, access controlled day in standing in queue to change an tollway. It spans a distance of 94.5 km empty gas cylinder. In advanced countries, connecting Mumbai, state and the financial gas would be piped to their kitchens, so they capital of India with Pune, an industrial and don't have to spend any time nor energy on educational hub. The expressway, which was the issue. Similarly with water supply. In fully operationalized in 2002, introduced Mokokchung (and many other hill towns in new levels of speed and safety in automobile the State), families spend hours, even transportation to Indian roads. It is one of overnight, in water queues. During power India's busiest roads. It reduced the travel interruptions, hours would be wasted time between Mumbai to Pune to 2 hours, simply waiting for its restoration. Are we st from the earlier 4-5 hours frequently more, then in the 21 Century? due to traffic jams. Highways Development – an Economic Case Study 1: Floriculture development; driver. Pune to Amsterdam. Historically, we find that development of When the Mumbai–Pune Expressway road and transport communications has was operationalised, an entrepreneur, been used as key drivers for economic w h o w a s t h e n o p e r a t i n g a development. The Roman empire did this manufacturing unit near Mysore, sold his very well. Even today, their roads still exists factory and moved to Pune. With the sale in many cities and locations. It is oft quoted proceeds, he bought land near the that “America does not have good roads Expressway and started Floriculture because it is rich, but America is rich because farming. By evening, the freshly cut they have good roads”. flowers would be sent to Mumbai, on T h e 1 , 0 4 0 k m A u s t r a l i a n S y d n e y time to catch the international night –Melbourne Hume Highway. The 428 km flight to Amsterdam. By next morning, Gyeongbu Seoul to Busan highway, “A Road his flowers would be on sale on the to Modernization and Unification: The streets of Amsterdam. His floriculture Construction of the Gyeongbu Highway in business soon turned into several crores South Korea” (Moa Aier, 4-lane Foothill of worth every month. Highway Imagined, July 2013), are other

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W i t h o u t t h e M u m b a i - P u n e metropolis connected by the network are Expressway, this would not have been Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, possible. The Expressway opened up Jaipur, Kanpur, Pune, Surat, Nellore, new vistas for new businesses. V i j a y w a d a , B h i w a r a , A j m e r a n d Vishakapatnam. The project was launched Case Study 2: Tea garden development in 2001 and completed in 2012. in Mon district. The North–South–East–West Corridor Though still in a nascent stage, Mon (NS-EW) is the largest ongoing highway district is seeing a good development of project in India. It consists of building 7,300 Tea gardens. Every day, tea leaves filling kilometers of four/six lane expressways up some few loads of Tatamobile pick up connecting Srinagar (North), Kanyakumari vehicles are being plucked and sent to (South), Porbandar (West) and Silchar (East). Assam for processing. But with the 60km The project cost US$12.32 billion (Rs 79,000 road taking about 4 hours to cover, and crores) at 1999 prices. As of 31 March 2015, the related high cost of transportation, 6,375 of 7,300 km project has been the tea producers must be struggling to completed. make a decent profit. Tea leaves being an extremely perishable commodity, the Unfortunately, none of the above two plight of the farmers are difficult to major projects touches Nagaland. The imagine. nearest, Silchar four lane is about 130km away from Dimapur via Manja. If the 60km of road distance could be covered in 1.5 hours or less, the tea farms AH 1 crosses Kohima and Dimapur. At and the tea industry in Mon district could the minimum, this should provide full see a sea change for the better. four lane connectivity by four-laning t h e K o h i m a – I m p h a l a n d After decades of stagnation, India upped its Dimapur–NSEW sections. ante on road development with the Golden Officially launched in 2013, dubbed the new Quadrilateral project. Constructed at a cost silk route, China now plans to shake up the of US$9.40 billion (Rs 60,000 crores), it is a world's economy with its One Road One 5,846 km network of four/six lane highways Belt (OBOR) initiative. Costing trillions of connecting many of the major industrial, dollars, it would dwarf the Golden agricultural and cultural centres of India. A Quadrilateral and the NS-EW projects quadrilateral like shape of highways combined. With the OBOR initiative, China network was formed by connecting Delhi–Kokata–Chennai–Mumbai. Other would be connected with the Middle East,

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Africa, Europe, East Asia, and South East Asia responsible civil society, which can then with a network of express ways, high speed equally deliver in other sectors as well. rails and maritime route. More than 65 countries have signed up for the project and For a land locked state like Nagaland if it takes off as planned, it will cement China road connectivity is of paramount as the word's premier power. Though China importance. However, air connectivity has not stated it as an objective, the OBOR is also equally important when time may bring in a new World Order. and distance is considered. Under this perspective, the location at Longkhum Road development as a key economic which was surveyed and earmarked by development model is thus without debate. the British during their colonial rule for With good roads and speedy connectivity, an airport, needs to be considered all other economic sectors – be it agri and under a review process of the Vision allied, medical, electricity, water, education Mokokchung 2040. We hope that etc, would necessarily follow. Without conditions will then have changed to proper roads and connectivity, all other seriously incorporate the same. grand plans on sectoral basis would be like castles in the air. Capability to deliver good Under Vision Mokokchung 2040, we roads also demonstrate an effective propose a road development driven Government and governance, and a economic Model of Mokokchung, as under;

Mokokchung to be developed as a Hub (MAT Position paper No. 4 & 5) with the following two/four lane connectivity with the rest of the State as follows;

Route Distance Present time Aspired time Mokokchung – Mariani 85 km 3 hrs. 30 mts. 1 hr. 50 mts. Mokokchung – Amguri 102 km 3hrs. 20 mts. 2 hrs. Merangmen/Watiyim – Tuli (Foothill 40-50 No connectivity 40 mts. Highway) km at present. Mokokchung – Kohima (via Wka) 152 km 5 hrs. 3 hrs. Mokokchung – Dimapur 208 km 6 hrs. 4 hrs. Mokokchung – Zuneheboto 70 km 2 hrs. 30 mts. 1 hr. 20 mts. Mokokchung – Lumami (NU) 19 km 40 mts. 20 mts. Mokokchung – Tuensang 108 km 4 hrs. 2 hrs. Mokokchung – Longleng 80 km 2 hrs. 30 mts 1 hr. 30 mts. Mokokchung – Mon (via Longleng/Aboi) 134 km 6 hrs. 2 hrs. 50 mts. Total (km) 1,000 km T able 1: Inter-district Highways. These should be made full fledged two-lane highways.

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Intra -district Route Approx Aspired Present time (Indicated in yellow in map) Distance time Wachen – Tuli 45-50 km 4 – 5 hrs. 1 hr. (via Mongchen, Waromung, Molung) Mokokchung – Foothill Highway 45-50 km Half connectivity 1 hr. (via Impur, Khar, Mangkolemba, Alongtaki) . at present. Mongsenyimti – Foothill Highway 35-40 km No connectivity 50 mts. (via Longjang, Alongkima, Nokpu) at present. Changtongya – Foothill Highway 30-35 km No connectivity 40 mts (via Asangma, Yimchenkimong, Yajang A) at present. Total (km) 160 -170 T able 2: Required two-lane Intra-district Highways development.

It is generally accepted that highways Can we then expect the development of specification for a single lane should be 6m highways delivering the “Aspired Times” (20 feet) wide and that of two lane 12m (40 given in Table 1 within the next 3-4 years? And feet). By this yardstick the two-lane National highways given in Table 2 within the next 4-6 H ighways in Nagaland are mostly years? Utopian and naïve optimism? Perhaps equivalent to single lane or 1.5 lane at the so. But effective governance and enlightened most. citizens means such projects can be possible within such time frames. Such level of A simple statistical presentation of how governance and quality of enlightened many kilometers of roads are constructed or and empowered citizenry is at the core of available in the State is like a cruel joke when our Vision Mokokchung 2040. these roads are not plyable. As the proof of the pudding is in the eating, proof of the roads and its quality lies in how much time is The criticality and urgency for these road taken to cover the kilometers. development should be seen from the perspective that unless these road In equally hilly terrain if not even more hilly connectivities are done immediately, than Nagaland, highways in South Korea, under the Act East Policy, while the rest of China and other developed countries can NE Region would be connected and trade maintain 90–100 kmph. This is made would flourish with South East and East possible by extensive tunneling and bridges Asia, Nagaland could find itself out in the to straighten the roads. Construction of cold. such expensive highways may not be possible in Nagaland, but with proper width Nagaland could be bypassed by both rail and some minimum asphalting quality, and road network, for which indicators are 50–60 kmph should be made possible. already quite evident. The Indian West-East

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people, of each citizen, needs to be critically Expressway goes down to Silchar through introspected. which Myanmar and Bangladesh could be connected. The other branch of this route Governments are also mandated by God. may go to Dibrugarh, which shall then They are given the authority for responsible connect to China through the old Stillwell governance. They are expected to govern highway. Similarly, the railroad to Imphal with transparency and accountability. They by-passing Dimapur is already under are expected to be just, fair and equitable. But construction. Once trade routes and when governments and the rulers forget that linkages are established along these they are to serve under a God given authority routes, Nagaland may find itself and run amuck, God can overthrow them. impossible to break in into the main stream. At best it may find itself to play on But most of our citizens today also seem to be the sidelines. This is a fate that we can stiff necked and unreasonable. Under the avoid by expeditious completion of two- cover of customary law and land-owner lane, four-lane highways within and rights, originally meant to preserve and through the State. protect our society and culture from other larger societies, such rights have been totally distorted and misused as a tool to put all Effective construction and maintenance of kinds of hurdles in almost any kind of highways shall require high levels of Trust developmental projects which has land as a within the society and the Government, basis. But why is this so? Has the government which at present is missing. At present encouraged such attitudes by its own non- juncture, we opine that financial resources transparency and non-accountability, and are not the main constraints for the above hence each individual thinks not of the road projects. A leaking container cannot greater good, but only for the self? This needs hold water. So, even if tonnes of crores of a deeper interaction for understanding cash are given to the State as manna from between and amongst all stakeholders as we heaven, not a single inch of proper road is can no longer continue in this regressive likely to be constructed - if the two-lane manner. SARDP road project failures (as of now), and other major abandoned projects are of any Be that as may be, as the higher authority, the i n d i c a t i o n . We c a n n o t b l a m e t h e larger onus for development lies with the government alone for such a deplorable Government. This is a clear responsibility state of affairs. What has been the role of the from which no government can either evade or shrink from.

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Map 1: Proposed highways, inter-district and intra-district connectivity.

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With the above road connectivity, Mokokchung can be imagined and planned, as a town with a population of 1,00,000. This will approximately be the minimum support population base required to sustain the kind of medical and educational facilities of repute and quality as desired.

Map 2: Proposed East and West Ring Road.

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As per 2011 census, the town population is projected 60-70,000 population within the 35,000. The proposed 1,00,000 is not town limits. Roads, water and electricity necessarily within the existing municipal needs to be developed as follows; limits, but considering the eco-system, which will include the villages and City Roads: Existing roads within the town settlements within a 20-25 km radius. The need to be widened, new roads and two-lane town limits should be planned to sustain ring roads at both West and East of the town about 60-70,000 and the rest 30-40,000 shall are required to be constructed. The town be within the radius area. roads may be surveyed in detail and with active collaboration of its citizens, the town However, existing infrastructure of roads, roads can be classified under four categories; water and electricity cannot support the

Category Specification/Road Capability Road Width A Two heavy vehicles can cross without obstructions. Two -lane :10-12m B One heavy vehicle and one light vehicle should be 1.5 lane : 8-10m able to cross without obstructions . C Two light vehicles can cross without obstructions 1.5 lane : 6-8m D Single lane for single light/medium vehicle. Single lane : 4-6m

Table 3: Roads Classifications within the Town

The ratio of road area to town area needs to plots have all but disappeared, leaving no be drastically increased. The above shall space for children to play. A modern city require active participation of the citizens as ought to have sufficient open spaces and it shall require widening of existing roads, parks. Can the town citizens come together and extensive demolitions of built up area and somehow develop spaces/parks within shall be required. A blueprint shall be each ward. prepared and large investments shall be Electricity: Existing installed capacity for required under urban development. Along the town is to meet a peak demand of about earmarked roads, new structures may be 8MW only. This needs to be increased to allowed keeping provisions of the road 20MW capacity for the town and another width (category). 15MW within the radius area. As per Power Recreational Parks/Spots: Till the 1980s Departmental sources, plans are afoot to the town had several vacant open plots and increase the same at the sub-transmission spaces which were used by children as level. But additional investment shall be recreational spots for sports and play. required at the distribution level. Slowly due to constructions these vacant

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The following capacity at 33kv and above, can be planned as below; Sl. Location Existing 33kv level New/ Upgrade to 1 Mokokchung Town 33/11kv 2x5MVA 33/11kv 2x10MVA (Salangtem Ward) (10MVA) (20MVA) 2 Mokokchung Town Nil 33/11kv 2x5MVA (Majakong Ward) (10MVA) 3 Ungma-CTC Junction area Nil 33/11kv 1x2.5MVA 4 Chuchuyimpang-Baptist Nil 33/11kv 1x2.5MVA School area 5 Longtho-Tzurang Valley 33/11kv 5 +2.5+1.6+ 132/33kv 2x20MVA 1.6MVA (10.7MVA) (4 0MVA) 6 Tuli (including Paper Mill) 66/33kv 2x10MVA, 132/33kv 3x20MVA 1x7.5MVA (27.5MVA) (6 0MVA)

Table 4: Proposed capacity to meet domestic, commercial and normal growth demand. If any demand, does not include large/medium scale industries (except Tuli Paper Mill) requiring 2MW of power and above. Downstream capacities also to be correspondingly added.

To reach the existing installed capacity, it a 35,000 pop, the public delivery of 80,000 took more than 50 years to build. But now, ltrs is only 11% of the survival level. If the above projection means more than washing, cleaning and sanitation is doubling the existing delivery capacity included, the requirement is 70 ltrs in which within the next 15-20 years. This is the kind case the present supply is meeting only of accelerated pace of changes that we are 3.30% of the requirement. referring to.

Water: During the lean seasons, as per PHED information, the Department can supply only about 80,000 ltrs per day. Another several dozen of Tatamobile vehicles, each carrying 2,000 ltrs, do brisk business during the dry seasons. On a good day, some are reported to make about six/seven deliveries.

As per the World Health Organisation Hierarchy of water requirement (WHO), the basic survival level water (after Mawlow's hierarchy of needs) requirement per person per day is 20 ltr. For

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Water requirement per day Total Requirement Present public supply Shortfall per person for 35,000 pop. (lean season) (%) For basic survival: 20ltrs 700,000 ltr 80,000 ltr /day 88.57 Including sanitation: 70ltrs 24,50,000 ltr 80,000 ltr /day 96.70

Table 3: Mokokchung water supply scenario.

Under such alarming water shortfall, quite startling. sanitation, health and education of the citizens are directly affected. If a research is The challenge is to adequately meet the taken to study the impact of water shortage water requirement of the town and on fertility, health and education of the surrounding areas/villages. Potential sources citizens of Mokokchung, the results could be would be as below; Sl. Sourc e Capacity: Litres/Da y Remar ks 1 Angetyongpang 0.80 lak hs Gr avity 2 Ti chipami 12-15 lak hs Gr avity 3 Dikhu River* - P ump 4 Rainwater harvesting - At homes

Table 5: Potential water sources for Mokokchung Town.

Dikhu river is a perennial source of water. running cattle and pigs dirtying the village Assuming that even during the leanest streets. Fast forward to the 2010s, the role period (March-April) that it has a flow of 1 to has reversed. The villages had found a way to 2 cumecs, this translates to more than 2,500 clean up their acts and are clean and the lakh liters per day, more than sufficient for town has become dirty. the town. The problem is the cost for pumping. This project if it is to be taken up, With rapidly increasing population, lack of considering the previous failure, a public civic sense, lack of water, sanitation and private partnership (PPP) mode may be waste management, the town has become examined. For this, a viable revenue model dirtier by the year. This has seriously for water supply and distribution needs to endangered the health and lives of the be worked out. citizens. As in the past the town had been the Sanitation & Waste Management: Till the cleanest, it can so become again today. A mid 1980s Mokokchung was one of the plan for sustained cleanliness, sanitation cleanest towns but the villages were dirty. and waste management shall be put in for Most of the villages of the District had free implementation. The town and the District

26 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 shall once again strive to become the extinguished due to the destructive cleanest in the region. habits of human kind, survival of human life as we know, shall not be Water & Environment: Angetyongpang is possible. the only source of gravity based water supply to Mokokchung. If Minkong forest is Soft Power: Strengthening and developing degraded or destroyed, which will be at the soft power should be another core area. present rate, even this precious source shall Starting from the first formal school started dry up. Therefore preservation of Minkong in 1878 by American Missionaries, as a reserved forest should not only be an Mokokchung had a relatively more environment and politically correct issue, progressive society in various fields. It but seen as a basic necessity for survival of produced leading personalities in arts, the town and her inhabitants. By extension, music, culture, language and sports. Vision the people of Mokokchung shall also need Mokokchung 2040 therefore incorporates to collaborate with Tichipami village for through the resource papers, a renaissance forest conservation of the Tichipami water of the people in these areas once again. source catchment area. In sports it is not by coincidence that the The Town Park which is seeing rapid world's top two economic and military degradation, needs to be rejuvenated and powers, the USA and China, are also the top restored. two in the Olympic medals tally. To develop sports, Mokokchung needs to focus on two Bio-diversity & Environment: Several perspectives – one, focus only on Olympic villages in the District have started bio- sports. Games which are in danger of being diversity, reserved forests and wildlife dropped from the Olympics, and those conservation/protection projects. This which are making it on and off to the needs to be coordinated and larger areas Olympics, also need not be considered. need to be put under bio-diversity Secondly, even within the Olympic games conservation projects. category, since resources would be limited, focus only on a few selected games and Bio-diversity conservation should be achieve a high level of proficiency in those seen from the perspective that games. wildlife can survive even without the existence of the human race. In fact, The Vision of Mokokchung District Badminton wildlife shall thrive under such a Association (MDBA) to Produce an Olympic scenario. However, if forests and Player by 2040, appears to be the most wildlife (including aquatic life) is tangible one. Given the track record of the

27 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 district in this discipline, and given the full first schools in the 1940s. support of the people and the Government, there is no reason why this cannot be Today the Government run institutions are achieved. an overwhelming majority in the District, followed by private institutions. Catholic- Besides Badminton, other individual run schools in Mokokchung started only of contact sports are also high potential areas, recent times, but in terms of academic and should strive to achieve Olympic level. results they are already doing comparatively Even within team events, talented and m u c h b e t t e r. B a p t i s t e d u c a t i o n a l committed individual players should be institutions also needs to rediscover its identified and nurtured to reach the highest calling once again. The Ao Baptist Church level. As in the case of MDBA, other Sports Association (ABAM) can perhaps refer to the Associations too needs to work out their “Education” chapter, in their document respective Vision documents and action ABAM Vision 2030, Nov 2014. plan. In terms of total pass outs upto the higher Education: Delivery of modern formal secondary level, private institutions provide education in the District can be broadly the bulk in numbers as well as with better classified into three categories – the results. However they are struggling without Government, the Church and the Private any support from the Government. The Institutions. The Church can be further Government needs to change such a policy classified into Baptist and the Catholic of letting the private institutions struggle on denominations. Prior to the modern system, their own. education in the Ao society was well served Government institutions cover all the by the Morung system, where the youths villages, but produces a mediocre result (at under a strict system of “yanga” or “zünga”, the high level), year after year. The the art of war and peace, social, political, community has been empowered over economics, history and all other aspects of these schools under the Communitisation life were taught and engrained. Policy. Therefore the Village Councils needs The Baptist missionaries were the first to to reassert their responsibilities and introduce the formal system of education accountability to their citizens once again, during 1878 when the first school was by ensuring through their respective Village opened by Mrs. Mary Mead. For more than Education Committees (VECs), that the half a century, the Baptist educational schools in their villages perform the true institutions were the only such institutions purpose of education for which they were until the Government slowly introduced the set up in the first place.

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Science and Mathematics: The place in the schools that participated pace of development in today's and were assessed. Such a program of Assessment & technologically driven economy is Accreditation of schools should also largely dependent on science and be introduced in the State level. If the t e c h n o l o g y . I f w e s e e t h e S t a t e c a n n o t i m p l e m e n t , educational structure in the District Mokokchung can perhaps set up its today, there is only a single College own system and institution to assess offering a single course in Science the schools within the District. (B.Sc) and not sufficient number of higher secondary schools offering Scientific Temper: Our society needs to science as a stream of study. Our introspect and build up a scientific temper in students need to be encouraged, a new approach to the many new challenges taught and motivated to learn of technology and modernity. The Scientific science and maths under a new Temper is a way of life, defined as an paradigm of education delivery. individual and social process of thinking and acting, which may, consequently include S c h o o l A s s e s s m e n t & questioning, observation (of physical Accreditation: In Higher Education, reality), testing, hypothesizing, experiment, t h e N a t i o n a l A s s e s s m e n t & analyzing and communication. Accreditation Council (NAAC) is c a r r y i n g o u t A s s e s s m e n t & The scientific temper is also so much an Accreditation of Universities and integral part for a functional and effective Colleges. Such a process should be democracy, because it describes an attitude implemented at the high school which involves discussions and argument level also. The Mayangnokcha Award with the application of “logic”. Trust undertook such an exercise during 2009-11 as a pilot program How far Mokokchung can nurture and funded by the Govt of Nagaland promote such a scientific temper in all our under Capacity Building. Three social processes shall largely determine how schools under Mokokchung town far our society can progress. For further also received the assessment reading please refer our Position Paper No.6. grading. Population and Fertility Rate: The The program could not be continued replacement rate of fertility for a population due to lack of funding. However, is 2.1 children born per woman, but in many during the short exercise, we found developing countries the threshold can be that a lot of positive changes took as high as 3.4 due to higher mortality rates.

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For a society and its culture to be sustained, an “Islamic continent” by 2050. the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) should not be below the minimum threshold. Europe is Mokokchung and Nagaland need to facing a population crisis today because recognize such dangers and take proactive most of the European countries have a low a c t i o n . A V i s i o n f o r e c o n o m i c TFR of below 2, with Spain being the lowest development alone would not suffice, if w i t h j u s t 1 . 2 7 ( h t t p s : / / the society would be destroyed by a www.theguardian.com/ world/ 2015/ demographic invasion of immigrants. a u g / 2 3 / b a by- c r i s i s - e u ro p e - b r i n k- District data is not available, but Nagaland is depopulation-disaster). averaging about 3.57 Total Fertility Rate After about 20 years of one-child policy, (TFR). This should be maintained or even China has realized the dangers of having TFR increased as we look towards 2040. below the replacement rate and is now reversing their one-child policy. In 1972, Y ear TFR Change % Singapore introduced its two-child policy. 2006 3.7 6.86 % Though it was not as stringently enforced as 2000 3.5 -7.16 %

China's one-child policy, in Singapore, a 1999 3.8 15.64 % third child had to face several government 1993 3.3 Base year level “disincentives”. However in March 1987 Table 6: Nagaland Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Source: India Development Indicators, Revised 2012. the Government announced, “have three, or more if you can afford it”. This slogan marked Illegal immigrants are a real threat to the the end of the two-child population of survival of Naga society. They are attracted S i n g a p o r e a f t e r j u s t 1 5 y e a r s o f to Naga areas and other parts of the NE implementation. Region, as the lands are fertile and there is a labour market demand for more and more To support their ageing population with workers. If the Total Fertility Rates are low, lesser young workforce, and with lesser and migration to the land, either legal or illegal lesser availability of workforce, over the to fill the workforce gap, becomes a decades Europe looked to an easier way out problem. by importing hundreds and thousands of Muslim immigrants from Africa and other A multi-pronged approach is required to Muslim countries. Alarm bells are now address the challenges; ringing that at current rate, of immigration i. Maintain adequate level of TFR for and the Muslim fertility rate of two-three sustaining the society, its culture, times higher than white European families, and providing adequate workforce Europe may become an Islamic majority or for economic growth.

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ii. All our youth should be skilled, sectors. We can then take a jump to services e d u c a t e d a n d p r o d u c t i v e l y sector in hotels & hospitality, tourism, engaged. education, medical, IT etc. iii. Our society must have strong work ethics. Agri & Allied sectors should therefore form iv. Effective law enforcement for the basis for our economic development. checking illegal immigrants. v. Punitive action against both illegal Municipal Council: A modern town would immigrants and their employees (as need a proper Municipal body functioning in Singapore). with accountability and grassroots vi. Better control of inter-state borders participation. Due to the current reservation against illegal immigrants. If ILP issue imbroglio, this has been a non-starter system is not effective, a Passport in the State at the moment. The Government and a Visa system under a new should take the lead in good faith with all political arrangement could perhaps stakeholders to discuss and resolve the issue offer better mechanisms. at the earliest. vii. An aware and sensitive civil society on the issue, by taking proactive Perhaps, reservation of certain percentage action individually as well as of tickets for women by all political parties in collectively. place of wards reservation, could be another option worth examining. Agri & Allied sectors: No developed country has reached their present status Politics: One of the most obvious causes for without first developing their agri & allied our utter broken state of affairs in almost all sectors. The only exceptions could be the fronts of development and quality of life is small nation states like Singapore, Hong rooted in the blatant electoral malpractices, Kong or Kuwait. But their situations are that we all seem to indulge in without a exceptions for which their conditions are m o d i c u m o f c a r e f o r i t s t e r r i b l e self evident and not necessary to be consequences. explained here. The Church should turn its focus back to lead But for Mokokchung these conditions do their flock a return to the Biblical teachings not apply. Its agri and allied sector in food “that the love of money is the root of all evil”, production, food processing, piggery, horti, as the love of money is the root of electoral floriculture etc. needs to be first developed malpractice. Based on a shared vision of for which ample scope is available. Industrial integrity, freedom and justice, the civil and manufacturing can take a lesser priority society should then cleanse itself of the at present and give a focus on agri and allied present electoral malpractice at all levels.

31 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Can we then, dare to hope for electing all our It is our fervent hope that this issue would MLAs by 2023 general elections, without have been solved within the next review of casting any kind of financial burden to the the Vision 2040, which will drastically personal accounts of the candidates? This change the dynamics of the whole will be one of the biggest challenges of the developmental approach. church and the civil societies for actualizing the Vision Mokokchung 2040. Value of life: This is another important factor again referred in our Position Paper Indo-Naga political settlement: Ongoing No.6 – Freedom! Each life is precious. How for more than six decades, the Indo-Naga society and its Government treats the value political conflict is the longest continuous of her citizens and their well being, will conflict in South East Asia, if not of the world. determine her progress. Again, this is Tens of thousands of lives have been another area which cannot be confined to adversely affected, and countless families Mokokchung alone, but within a larger bereaved. context of the State and of the Indian state relationship with the Naga people as a Under such intense conflict situation, whole. e c o n o m i c a n d h u m a n r e s o u r c e development are often the first casualties. Today we see that the State does not care Nagaland has been of no exception. Besides much for the well-being of her citizens, but directly retarding economic and human the Naga society continues to value the life resource development, this conflict also of each citizen very dearly. This is beautifully provides a fertile ground for several demonstrated in many of her cultural electoral malpractices. Recognising this, all practices. For instance, the funeral of even State political parties have prominently the most destitute and the poorest of the stated in their manifestoes - “honourable poor, shall see a dignified funeral and a and acceptable to all people, permanent burial. A nation that honours life, taking solution to the Indo-Naga political issue”, as even the most extreme risk to protect and one of the core issues. save a single soul, a nation that remembers and honours her death, shall surely remain The ongoing Indo-Naga peace process is as a strong society. thus welcomed by all sections of the society. Early settlement of the Indo-Naga political Unfortunately, Naga history, during her issue is an important pre-requisite to fully turbulent days of 1950s till 1970s saw her unlock the Naga potential to be a part of the population being reduced to sub-human global economic progress. non-entities by the Indian state. The pain and the scars remain. When the value of a

32 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 life is reduced to a “mere suspicion” under the most effective enabler for other sectoral the Armed Forces Special Powers Act, and developments. the State continues to justify the same, things are not right. A society can neither Various development which requires land progress or develop to its full potential and right-of-ways, shall also require a radical under such draconian laws and an change of mindset in our perspective vis-à- environment, where life is cheap. vis landowner rights and so on. Article 371(A) is a provision to safeguard our Besides external forces, Nagas too pitted identity, our heritage, our land and against Nagas, and life became very cheap resources. However, our people have during the height of the factional clashes. misunderstood or misused Article 371(A) Thankfully, sanity has prevailed and these and often times, it becomes a tool to hamper has reduced greatly. But for how long? or to create hurdles in the way of development. This requires a change of For actualization of the Vision 2040, the cry mindset. of the youth today is, “we want Freedom!” – not irresponsible freedom, but freedom Since ancient times, our socio-economic from all forms of imposition, and freedom to outlook and approach was based on self- develop to their full potential. reliance. Ao culture did not allow marriage unless the man could first demonstrate that Conclusion he could economically manage his own kitchen. This culture of hard work and self- Vision on sectoral developments, including reliance, if continued, could have made human resource development areas are every Naga self reliant and capable of given in the various Paper Presentations. We competing with the rest of the world. But encourage all citizens to consider each the recent culture of depending almost Paper analytically for further discussions ever ything upon government and and carry them forward as achievable goals. government subsidies have produced a lazy Committees, Sub-committees and citizen dependency syndrome at best, and of groups may be formed to work on specific slavery at worst. This needs to be reversed areas of the Vision Document. and once again restore our dignity of self- But why have we proposed the road reliance based on hard work. development driven strategy for economic The Trust factor does not happen in a development under Vision Mokokchung vacuum. It means a government that 2040, may be on the thoughts of many. It is delivers, a government that governs by the so because roads and highways are the rule of the law, and hence can be trusted. most visible signs of any development and

33 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Educational institutions that can be trusted document would be a necessity. by parents to send their children to. A Police force that can be trusted by the citizens. Why As resolved during the Panel Discussion on do we see people trying to storm police 15.12.2015, “That an appropriate and stations? It is because of a lack of trust that empowered Body be set up under the aegis justice shall be done. In turn, the people and of the District Administration and the Apex the society should be sensible and Civil Societies of Mokokchung for the responsible so that it can also be trusted by implementation of the Vision Mokokchung the government. 2040”, should be the next immediate task.

The trust factor is the lubricant that makes The way forward: business transactions faster and more Key specific parameters to monitor efficient. If the business owner makes a fair the progress and achievement of offer in terms of service, price and quality, the Vision Mokokchung 2040 shall customers shall surely trust him and give b e d r a w n u p u n d e r t h e empowered Body. him the business instead of going to the Various Committees and sub- next competitor (who might be a non-local committees shall be established or even an illegal immigrant). Trust is under the empowered Body. therefore not a one-way voluntary action, There shall be a major review of but a two-way street which needs to be progress and achievements every 5 earned. years. There shall be mid-term reviews A high Trust level society means that the every 2.5 years. Institutions are transparent, accountable Finally, but not the least, the paper and reliable; that their citizens are aware, presentations of this Vision document empowered and responsible. Trust operates provides a wealth of information, when there is freedom and justice. This is the suggestions and ideas on how to take only way forward. Mokokchung to the next level. We would encourage every citizen to critically read Our Vision is thus, by 2040, or even much and analyse each paper and see what actionable ideas can be taken from them. earlier, the citizens of Mokokchung will have attained that level of society that operates God Bless and Kuknalim. on a high level of Trust, under an environment of Freedom and Justice. “A dream you dream alone is only a dream. A Review and Monitoring: A constant dream you dream together is reality.” process of discussion, review, refinement John Lennon and re-orientation of the Vision 2040

34 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

MAT POSITION PAPERS

1. Vision Mokokchung 2040 : Themes. 2. A Prologue to Vision Mokokchung 2040. 3. Position Paper No. 1 : Sanitation. 4. Position Paper No. 2 : Concept of Mokokchung Town. 5. Position Paper No. 3 : Justice & Integrity. 6. Position Paper No. 4 : Mokokchung as a Hub Part – I 7. Position Paper No. 5 : Mokokchung as a Hub Part – II 8. Position Paper No. 6 : Freedom.

35 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence”

P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Initially set up as a small British administrative and military outpost during the late 19th Century, the town has grown exponentially to its present size today. Its character and nature has also transformed over the decades. It has become an important trade centre and has geo-strategic importance. It was a forerunner in several aspects of Naga society, and has contributed immensely in religion, education, politics and sports. It has also contributed immensely to the Art & Culture and aesthetics to the Naga society in general. In due recognition, Mokokchung is now called the “Land of Pioneers”. This is the challenge that we face today.

Pioneering is a continuous process. It is a necessary condition for a society to progress. If Mokokchung and the Aos have contributed pioneering efforts in all aspects of Naga society in the past, the future beckons a greater and higher challenge. It is within this context that “Vision Mokokchung 2040” has been envisioned. How and what we would like to see Mokokchung achieve by 2040, i.e 25 years from now, needs to be a collaborative effort of all concerned citizens, and not just merely a document prepared by a few.

This collaborative process shall take place over the next one month through the print media, social media, paper presentations, discussions at different levels and platforms etc. and will culminate on the 15th Dec 2015 with an interactive panel discussion at Cosmos Hall Mokokchung. The views & opinions so expressed, shall be compiled and edited to form the “Vision Mokokchung 2040” document in a book form. This is a part of the 125 Years Celebration of Mokokchung Town. The Mayangnokcha Award Trust (MAT) is privileged to be entrusted by the Organising Committee to oversee this collaborative effort.

As we face several challenges today, it is our belief that human being’s response to the environment that surrounds him and interactions with it has brought forward many new ideas and advancement throughout history. Each generation has contributed immensely to the environment that we live in today. Now, it is the turn of the present generation to leave our footprints in the echelons of history, which can be fulfilled by setting certain achievable goals. This is a responsibility that we need to take up at this point of time, with all earnestness.

36 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Within the context of Mokokchung - its people, location and its history, the following four broad themes are being proposed for people's opinion and suggestions;

Sl . Theme Context 1 Socio-cultural Evolution, impediments, progress and development 2 Economic Entrepreneurship and business, infrastructure, hinterland. 3 Political Patriotism, Governance, leadership & participation, peoples relationship. 4 Education Creating a conducive and supporting environment-social, economic, accessibility, educational infrastructure and quality.

By “Mokokchung” the key focus is the Town, as the occasion itself is its 125 years anniversary. However, we should also understand it from the larger perspective of Mokokchung district as a whole. Thus, in the above four areas/themes, how would you like to see Mokokchung by 2040?

The above themes are fairly large and sufficiently open. But the key words given under the “Context” column, shall provide some guidance. For instance, under Socio-cultural, we are referring to the Ao socio-cultural “evolution” over the century, some of the impediments that we face due to 'conflict' between tradition and modernity etc. Non-Ao citizens who have also made Mokokchung their home, would also be welcome to contribute their views and opinion about their socio-cultural aspects.

Under “Economic”, we shall not be talking much about monetary or fiscal policies of the RBI or such similar areas. But specific to our context, how can we build up entrepreneurship and develop the town to serve not only its population, but also the hinterland areas of neighboring districts and beyond. For this, we shall need to look at not only the town per se, but also development of satellite townships, including development of Tuli and Tzürangkong townships in the foothills.

Under “Political”, we need a paradigm shift away from 'electoral politics'. This theme is not about electoral or party politics, but about the art & science of governance. This is one area in which we feel we seriously lack today. Therefore, how can we effect such a shift?

Education is one such critical component for human resource development. If so, can Mokokchung position itself to provide quality education? What would be the supporting environment required to achieve such a status? Ability to provide quality education can also lead to socio-economic benefits of the town by attracting students from different parts of the region. It will also produce quality human resources, leading to a natural process of development in all other aspects.

37 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

We have roughly shared our initial thoughts on the themes, and all are welcome to give their views & opinion on the same, through any appropriate channel. We shall however welcome your feedback through the print media, so that a healthy exchange of ideas and discussions can be started, involving all citizens. We shall provide some further specific position papers on key issues over the next few days as well.

You could also email your feedback to “[email protected]” or “[email protected]”

Dated: 8th November 2015

Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

Copy to; 1. The Deputy Commissioner Mkg & Chairman, Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC 3. The Media.

38 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence” P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993

PRESS RELEASE A Prologue to “Vision Mokokchung 2040”

A Prologue to “Vision Mokokchung 2040” was conducted by Mayangnokcha Award Trust (MAT) in collaboration with the Mokokchung District Art & Culture Council (MDACC) on 19th Nov 2015 at the ADC (Planning) Conference Hall, Mokokchung. M r. R a j e s h S o u n d a r a r a j a n , I A S , A D C Mokokchung, gave the welcome note on behalf of the Core Committee for 125 Years Anniversary, where he encouraged the gathering for a productive deliberation, and to come up with achievable goals for Mokokchung by 2040.

Moderated by Mr. Akok Walling, MAT President and Mr. Sugpongasang, MAT Trustor, the 'Prologue' was in three sessions. In the first session, as a panelist, Er. Moa Aier, MAT Trustor, presented on how they would like to see the Vision document be based on the four broad themes of Socio-cultural context, Political, Economic and Education. This was followed by group discussion and feedback.

The second session saw presentation by panelist Dr. Sunep Imchen, MAT Trustor on how Mokokchung could be developed based on a better understanding of Mindset Change, Sanitation & Waste Management, Mokokchung as hub, and on Tradition, Culture and Modernity. This was further followed by group discussion and feedback.

The third session was again presented by Panelist Er.Moa Aier, on Liberated Mind, Concept of Mokokchung, and on the key factors of Justice, Peace & Development.

Several groups and individuals also submitted their views and opinions on paper. A lively discussion took place on infrastructure development such as roads, water, electricity, educational institution, sports facility, medical & health care, need for a modern museum and library, development of the town park, digital highway, tourism, food processing, town

39 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 expansion, peace & freedom, role of the mass based organisations and the church to more actively engage in human resource development, support to entrepreneurs, 'buy local' campaign, teaching financial literacy and management to children etc.

It emerged towards the end that physical infrastructure development must be first preceded by a change of mindset of all the stakeholders concerned. That no amount of financial resources pumped in would be enough unless the mindset of those who handles or implement those projects and programs, including those of the citizens concerned, are first changed.

The prologue program ended with the concluding remarks by Akok Walling that together, we can make this Vision Mokokchung 2040 into a peoples’ movement, where we shall be able to see tangible changes for the better.

The program was well represented and attended by members from different organisations and institutions, reflecting the concern for the progress and development of Mokokchung. The rapporteurs for the Prologue were Dr. Furkumzuk, MAT Trustor and Dr. Toshimenla. The program ended with a prayer by Mrs. Obangla, President, Social Service Society.

Please give us your views and feedback through the print media or on social media at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. You can reach us via email at [email protected] or [email protected] You can also text or whatsapp us at 8794158145.

Dated: 22nd November 2015

Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

Copy to; 1. The Deputy Commissioner Mkg & Chairman, Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC 3. The DPRO, Mkg.

40 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Position Paper No.1: Town Sanitation and Waste Management

It is indeed a challenge and a responsibility of every citizen to create a cohesive force to see Mokokchung of what it would look like, feel like and be like, 25 years from now – by 2040. Will it be then a healthy livable attractive urban town, or a dirty, congested slum-like living urban spread? If we closely analyze the town’s present sanitation and waste management, there are several issues of deep concern which one needs to address, if acceptable levels of sanitation for healthy living can be achieved. The need of the hour is to identify the existing system of environmental sanitation with respect to its structure and functioning and to prioritize the control and management strategies according to the need of the community. These priorities are particularly important because of issues of acute shortage of water supply, waste collection and its disposal, environment-related health problems, and rapid population growth.

An inevitable consequence of growth and development of a town is proper management of waste and sanitation. Mokokchung is considered as one of the cleaner towns in Nagaland. However, what is the point of reference for an acceptable level of cleanliness. Is a simple relative cleanliness acceptable? Is it compatible with internationally benchmarked measurement for cleanliness and sanitation especially with reference to availability of adequate quantity of potable water, sanitation and waste management? We assume that air quality is not much of a major concern at the moment. But with the increase in population and expansion of town during the past decades the image of the town is marred at every corner due to improper waste management and a lack of space. Non-biodegradable wastes from commercial establishments and households are commonly found on the drainage of the town. These include tins, plastic products, glass bottles and polythene bags etc. These form the major part of the waste observed on the streets, in gutters, and the back of houses in the town. When non- biodegradable wastes are thrown outside and into the gutters without proper treatment it accumulates on the river banks and even blocks the drainage which is a frequent phenomenon during rainy season in the town itself. This not only over floods the drainage and scatters all the wastes over the roads but also ruins the habitat of living organisms and causes environmental pollution – far beyond the immediate geographical area, as the streams feed into rivers, further downstream. For instance the Milak river originates from the town, which grows into a major river of the district, flowing through the foothills, feeding the Tuli plains, including the Paper mill, before finally joining the Dikhu.

41 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

We therefore, wishe to place on the public domain for your views, opinion and feedback on town sanitation and waste management as follows; i. Do you think that the present levels of town “cleanliness” is acceptable? With what reference should it be benchmarked? What are these benchmarks? ii. How do you think that non-biodegradable and biodegradable waste in the town should be managed? iii. Would you agree that the present waste dumping system in some outskirt sites of the town is adequate? iv. What do you think should be the role of the Civic authorities, especially the Municipal Council, with reference to sanitation and waste management? v. Would you agree that the town is sufficiently clean, and hence sanitation is not a major issue? vi. Household waste, industrial waste, medical waste, etc. How do you think these should be treated? vii. Is water availability and its supply linked with sanitation? If so, how can we address this issue? How much water is necessary to maintain the town at its current size & population and do you think its possible to achieve the requirement? viii. In general, what do you think should be the role of the concerned Govt departments, the Municipal Council, the Administration, Ward authorities, neighbouring villages and the citizens themselves to achieve proper town sanitation and waste management?

We solicit your valuable views, opinion and feedback not only from the citizens of the town, but from all concerned people, whether from within the town, district, state or beyond. We shall especially appreciate if you are living or staying somewhere outside, maybe even abroad, but if you have some thoughts, please share them with us. You could have been born and brought up here, maybe you could have just crossed the town or the district. You could be of any age, sex or creed. You could be of any ethic group. You are most welcome to participate.

In fact, during its formative years, much contribution has been made to the town and the district by so many other groups and tribes. We would like to gratefully acknowledge your contributions. We need your perspectives too.

We have just started this collaborative venture in the attempt to frame out the “Vision Mokokchung 2040” document. But within just the few days, if not hours, there is much enthusiasm and support from a wide range of the citizens. The young and energetic social

42 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 media group of “I Love Mokokchung” has volunteered to take the responsibility to lead the online social media discussions. They can be reached at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. For those who are more comfortable in social media, this is the site that you should be hitting out!

You can also reach us at [email protected] or [email protected]

Dated: 12th Nov 2015

Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

*******

Copy to; 1. The D.C Mokokchung & Chairman Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC 3. The DPRO, Mkg. 4. The Media

43 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence” P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Position Paper No.2: What is your concept of “Mokokchung”?

While Ao village republics were already well established as early as the 10th Century AD, the present Mokokchung Town area was still thickly covered by virgin forests and wildlife. The first settlements were constructed during the 1880s, near the present Deputy Commissioner's office complex area. In a field where millet was cultivated by some Mokokchung villagers, a barrack was first constructed at the site where the present Law College is located and the second barrack just adjacent to it. For its construction, the millet cultivation which were yet to be ripened for harvest, had to be removed – much to the regret of the farmers. But they sacrificed their millet fields for the start of the town. These few barracks were constructed within the jurisdiction of Mokokchung Village, from where the name of the Town was christened. From these two humble barracks, after 125 years, the town is where it is today – a sprawling vibrant hill station city, strategically located, a most conducive climate, a place which welcomed all peoples, and a place where its residents enjoy equal rights and privileges. A town, which has produced luminaries in almost all fields, a place which has produced a stream of new thoughts, ideas and innovation. We are proud of our Mokokchung and we love Mokokchung. Let us continue to carry the torch of justice, integrity, freedom and liberty, so that creative minds shall continue to bloom, where no imposition on the freedom of thought and living is imposed on any of its citizens or residents, by any community or groups.

Today, what is your concept and understanding of “Mokokchung”? Is it just the few wards covered within the jurisdiction of the Municipal Council, or is it much more than that? It is our belief that for “Mokokchung” to fully realize its true potential, the concept needs to be more than just the small town definition that it is today.

Migration and emigration have been a common phenomena since time immemorial. The tendency to leave original homes is the outcome of so many “push and pull” factors. The hardships of rural life without modern amenities acted as the “push” factor and Mokokchung town with relatively better opportunities and better economic interests, became a “pull” factor. The Town thus rapidly grew due to migration from the rural areas. However, the 1980s and 90s

44 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 experienced a huge increase in emigration from the town due to several unfortunate “push” factors. Many early settlers of the town talk with nostalgia or with even a tinge of regret about this wave of emigration and about its “loss”. But we argue that this is not a “loss” but can be turned into a positive aspect for the town, as we create conducive conditions for their “return participation” for Mokokchung under various capacities and forms – with their resources, expertise, knowledge and experiences, creating a network.

During 1961, the district's population was 1,26,001 and the town population 6,158. By 1971 the town population increased to 17,423, a decadal growth of 182% (Ref: Development Plan of Mokokchung Urban Area 1971-1991, p.13 & 65). The town after a phase of rapid growth, saw some severe stagnation during the 1990s. However during the last decade, the pace of growth and expansion has picked up rapidly once again, and there is a spring of cautious optimism in the air. The town is now literally bursting at its seams, and unless urgent and adequate infrastructural support – roads, water and electricity, is created for its physical expansion, the town could end up “choking on its own breath”.

Increase in size and population of the town is a positive aspect, and in fact a desired condition, for many reasons. Yet there are certain aspects that needs to be addressed during such expansions. One important aspect is to maintain the “quality of living” and the Carrying Capacity of the Town to sustain such a quality level. A certain area with its natural resources available in and around Mokokchung Town can support only so much of a population size. For instance, Water, Firewood, land etc. are some of the limiting resources.

As mentioned earlier, when the first settlements were built, it was within the area of a single village. Now the town has spread across areas touching two more villages – Ungma and Khensa. Practically, it has also become contagious to Chuchuyimpang village. These four villages thus have the strongest symbiotic connection with the town. Therefore, the progress and pace of its development, the quality of justice and integrity, the quality of free thinking etc. shall be largely influenced and impacted by the thoughts and actions of not only of its residents, but of the nearest surrounding villages too. Similarly, among other factors, the mindset, the level of conduciveness created by the nearest surrounding villages of Merangkong, Kangtsüng and Wameken, shall impact upon the pace and development of Tuli area. Likewise, Chuntiayimsen, Longphayimsen and Watiyim villages shall impact the development of Merangmen in Tzürangkong. We are mentioning Tuli and Tzürangkong because we are talking about Mokokchung in a larger perspective. Other than town expansion per se, we need satellite townships in Tuli and Tzürangkong areas much like the NCR region of New Delhi, which has grown to encompass Noida, Gurgoan, Faridabad etc. With proper road

45 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 infrastructure, these feeder towns could be just an hour's drive away. Only with a radical change of mindset of the people, can such townships develop to full potential. Only with such a synergy, a supporting ecosystem as a growth driver can be created to develop the town in terms of education, healthcare and business. It can also become a centre for Arts & Culture too. In today's world, where sports has become a big enterprise, development of the town as a sports centre would also be a necessity.

Based on the above few points, how do we see Mokokchung? Can Mokokchung exist and develop in isolation? Or does it need the ecosystem of the whole district and of the State as a whole? In what ways can the residents and the surrounding villages support the progress and development of the town, towards a modern township befitting the 21st Century?

We thank the local media for the coverage. Please give us your views and feedback through the print media or on social media at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. You can also email us at [email protected] or [email protected]

Dated: 13th November 2015

Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

Copy to; 1. The Deputy Commissioner Mkg & Chairman, Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC 3. The DPRO, Mkg. 4. The Media.

46 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence” P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Position Paper No.3: Which Comes First - Peace & Development or Justice & Integrity?

When we talk about Vision Mokokchung 2040, most probably majority of the people will think or express their thoughts in terms of physical infrastructure development, because these are visible and more easily measured. Political parties too during election campaigns stress on developmental schemes and programs. Even at the Central Government level, after every Parliamentary election, there is a rush to name or rename developmental schemes after their past or even present leaders name(s). There is a lot of developmental politics. In Nagaland, ever since the inception of Statehood, in all elections, we have the added manifesto by all political parties about bringing a solution to the Indo-Naga political issue. Under these two contrasting stands, we can see how Nagaland has fallen back on all fronts in the developmental index. Can we say that we have done reasonably well or that we have miserably failed? The answers could be just too painfully obvious. If we have failed, we have failed collectively as a people.

During the past few days, quite a few number of citizens have given their thoughts on how they would like to see Mokokchung develop by 2040. But will any of these be possible given the past track record of the last 30-40 years of developmental delivery system in the State? If we look back at how Mokokchung was during its Centenary Year in 1990 and now, we can see a lot of changes – but much too little in real terms. At the same rate, the next 25 years will also not be able to bring any major changes. Yet 25 years can be a life time. We have seen countries like Japan, South Korea, Germany rising from total destruction and ashes of the war within just 20 years or less. Though the background and situation are very different, we believe it can be done if we can honestly and collectively address the basic issues. We attempt one of these in this paper - Justice & Integrity vis-à-vis Peace & Development.

During every election every political party tries to sell the dreams of Peace & Development to woo the electorate. But none makes any promises on Justice & Integrity. Why? If financial and natural resources are a pre-requisite for development, Singapore, Hongkong, Israel, etc. would be the most impoverished countries in the world. Whereas, there are many countries in Africa which are literally overflowing with oil and diamonds, but poverty ridden. Why such glaring differences and what is the difference?

Justice & Integrity is one basic difference. Without Justice & Integrity, there can be no progress nor development in any tangible or sustainable form. Then, who is supposed to deliver this

47 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 ingredient? If we think that it is the responsibility of only some particular group or class of people, where the vast majority has very little or no role to play, one cannot be more mistaken. In fact, is it not such thinking that has created the present day crises, where we see no justice nor integrity in almost any area?

The word Justice here means the moral principles determining a just behavior or conduct. A just behavior or conduct leads to equitable benefits to all sections of people, irrespective of their birth, social standing or religion. To ensure that everybody is benefitted from the system or basic infrastructures is one sort of Justice. Contd…2/- A sense of Justice exhibited by each individual leads to an environment, where there will be inclusiveness, sharing of ideas and respect for one individual by another. Such an environment is the pre-requisite condition for producing a peaceful atmosphere. Such an environment, where there is a sense of justice in the system, and every individual acts with integrity, provides the conditions for peace and all round development. Thus, Justice and Peace are two sides of the same coin. We cannot have one without the other, and there can be no fair development without this. But Justice precedes Peace.

Even development, if uneven or of unequal distribution in terms of area coverage or sections of the society, is devoid of justice. Thus, there should be social justice, economic justice, fair opportunity justice, historical justice, and political justice. Do Nagas today have justice in any of these sectors? Who are the stakeholders, how have these been perpetuated and how can these be addressed?

Suffering a deep sense of injustice against the armed suppression of the people by one of our own Naga political group, the citizens of Mokokchung rose against the suppression during 2003. Fighting against a similar cause for justice towards social, demographic invasion by illegal immigrants and economic exploitation, Survival 2007 was launched. These are two watershed events of Mokokchung during the recent past. These were and are peoples’ movements and continue to have positive impacts in society. However, we need to remind ourselves that the larger issue remains unresolved and larger battles lie ahead.

Therefore, if Justice & Integrity is a pre-requisite for Peace & Development, we need to further deliberate on the following issues; a. Is there justice in our society? b. Can social sanctions bring about Social Justice? c. Who is responsible for generating a just society? d. Is exclusiveness a form of perpetuating injustice? e. Do conflicts hamper development or lack of development produce conflicts? f. In what ways can every individual act with integrity? g. In what status or condition have we kept the issue of prohibition today? The two major stakeholder platforms – the church and the government, appears to have been reduced to public posturing only. Is it a lack of integrity or injustice?

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h. What are some of the major injustices that the Nagas face today, and what are their root causes? i. Is the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) also a form of Injustice against the people or is it simply a legality that we can ignore? j. How far is our electoral system a just practice? We believe that not even the most grandiose of development plans for Mokokchung can be achieved unless there is justice and integrity in the delivery system. This is an issue which is beyond a single district but concerns the State as a whole. But can we, as a people of one district, make a beginning and light a path?

Please give us your views and feedback at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. Blog at visionmokokchung2040.wordpress.com email at [email protected] or [email protected] text/whatsapp us at 8794158145

Sd/- Dated: 27th Nov 2015 Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

Copy to; 1. The Dy. Commissioner Mkg & Chairman, Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC. 3. The DPRO Mkg, 4. The Print Media.

49 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence” P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Position Paper No.4: Mokokchung as a Hub – Sectors, Issues & Concerns.

Starting from the construction of a few barracks in 1880s in the area where present Law College and DC office complex are located, Mokokchung today comprises of 8,327 households and a population of 35,913 (census 2011). Strategically placed in terms of communication and regional development, Mokokchung is naturally endowed to be developed into a hub of various economic activities. However, if it is to be so developed, it needs a clear Vision and a Mission. It needs the active participation of the citizens aided by the vision plans for development adopted by the policy makers and planners in the Government. The role of the civil societies and the people at large would also be equally important.

During the last few years, there has been a constant inflow of population from neighbouring areas adding to the growth of the town, which is a positive sign to boost the growth and expansion of the Town. We can take this as an opportunity and prepare a plan to take in the inflow for their settlement for the growth and prosperity of the Town.

Most cosmopolitan cities started as small settlements, but with time and the conducive environment for development of various infrastructure the settlements grew to what they are today. Different Cosmopolitan centres exhibit a distinct identity based on the development of infrastructure. For instance Mumbai is the financial & economic Hub, while Bangalore is an educational and technological Hub, Chennai and Hyderabad are emerging as educational hubs and Kolkata is seen as a cultural Hub. Even Tokyo, considered amongst the world's largest and great cities, is described as a city of villages. It started as a small fishing village in the harbour and continued to grow, encompassing the surrounding villages into one great city of today's Tokyo. Such identity is not the outcome of an overnight surge in development, rather they are influenced by many factors among which the environment and conditions of the territory is one determining factor.

As of today, Mokokchung is still a growing town with little or no infrastructures in many key areas. Thus for a growing Town like Mokokchung planning should start from the initial stage. Mokokchung can develop into one distinct Hub or a Hub in diverse sectors like Education, Sports and events, Skill Development, Healthcare, Music, technology, cultural, arts, drama & theater etc. We believe that Mokokchung will not lack either in Human or natural resources for developing into such a hub, if there is an environment of inclusiveness, equality, fairness and justice. Though the present day Mokokchung is a small town and situated in a hilly area, the

50 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 foothills can be utilised for expansion providing a base for various economic activities and supporting infrastructure. Therefore for this envisaged emerging future, not only required infrastructure be built but the present mindset of the people too needs to change in tune, to facilitate and accommodate such changes.

As of today, the carrying capacity of the town is severely limited by scarcity of water and availability of land. To tap the economic potential valleys of Tzürang, Tuli and of the foothills, road connectivity is another bottleneck. How do we address such challenges? Do we have the capacity, the capability and the will?

We dream and aspire for Mokokchung to have the best schools and colleges. The University Headquarters- Lumami, is not very far away geographically but practically still not very easy to reach due to poor road conditions. We dream to have quality hospitals and healthcare facilities. We dream to have world class sporting facilities for our youth and children producing international level players and competitors. We dream of Mokokchung to have a strong producing economic base. Our youth has the potential and the talents to be excellent resources in various skilled based service industries. We dream to have their potentials realized. But all these dreams can be achieved only by having a strong conducive and supporting infrastructure and environment, where smooth road transport communication is one of the first requisites.

Can we dare to dream of Mokokchung to be connected and accessible as below?

Route Distance Present time Aspired time Mokokchung – M ariani 85 km 3 hrs. 30 mts. 1 hr. 50 mts. Mokokchung – Amguri 102 km 3hrs. 20 mts. 2 hrs. Merangmen/Watiyim – T uli (Foothill - No connectivity 40 mts. Highway) at present. Mokokchung – Kohima (via Wka) 152 km 5 hrs. 3 hrs. Mokokchung – Dimapur 208 km 6 hrs. 4 hrs. Mokokchung – Z uneheboto 70 km 2 hrs. 30 mts. 1 hr. 20 mts. Mokokchung – L umami (NU) 19 km 40 mts. 20 mts. Mokokchung – T uensang 108 km 4 hrs. 2 hrs. Mokokchung – L ongleng 80 km 2 hrs. 30 mts 1 hr. 30 mts. Mokokchung – M on (via Longleng/Aboi) 134 km 6 hrs. 2 hrs. 50 mts. If the above connectivity can be achieved it will lay the foundation for a strong and resurgent economic development of not only Mokokchung but the whole northern part of the State. To implement the above, not only a huge amount of money would be involved, but issues like land acquisitions, right-of-way, road reservation, embankments, removal of extortions etc. shall be involved. Given a scenario that if all the necessary financial and technical resources could be made available, how far can the present delivery system and the people's mindset successfully implement the projects?

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NE Region has more than 1,500km of international border but only about 22km land link called the 'chicken neck', with the rest of India. Instead of the international borders being an advantage for trade and commerce, the region has been made for far too long a time, a captive of the same. But this scenario can change with the present “Look East” and now “Act East” policy of the Govt of India. With the exception of Nagaland, all the State Capitals of the NE are now connected with 4-lane highways. Only with fast and smooth road communication, can the State take advantage of India's Act East Policy. Developing Mokokchung as a hub with the above road infrastructure shall place the State to play an active role in international trade & commerce and place itself in an advantageous position for 'Act East'.

KPMG in its Emerging North East India Report (Nov 2015) has projected an ambitious plan of Guwahati to Bangkok by road in 48 hours. There are plans of re-opening the Stilwell Highway too. This highway is already operational from Kunming in China to Myanmar. Only some small sections are left unattended in the Indian sector. The Asian Highway AH-1, also passes through Kohima-Dimapur, on paper. But if things do not happen fast enough within Nagaland, there are chances of Nagaland being practically by-passed and it being re-routed (business and supply chain logistics) through Silchar. If it happens, whom should we blame? While the world is fast developing and even the rest of the NE Region, Nagaland seems to be trapped in a web of helplessness, lethargy and stagnancy. When and if we wake up, we may find ourselves being left out in the cold. By then, it could be too late, as the rest of the States and the regions will have already established their economic interest bases and we would only have to play second fiddle to others. Is this the dream and aspiration that we can leave for the next generation?

Therefore, the dream of developing Mokokchung as a hub starting with quality road accessibility and connectivity, is not only an aspiration for the people of the town, but for Nagaland and the region as a whole.

We wish to present some issues for deliberation to develop Mokokchung into a hub: a. Does Mokokchung provide a conducive environment & support for developing it as a hub? b. What do you think are the required conditions to make Mokokchung a Hub and how can we achieve these conditions? c. Can the land providers, particular those villages under whose areas the town is already established and would be expanding in, accommodate and facilitate the concept of developing Mokokchung into a hub? d. What are the possible sectors that Mokokchung can develop and serve as a hub? e. Can we think of a new Mokokchung locationally? f. What about water and such other basic needs?

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Please give us your views and feedback at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. Blog at visionmokokchung2040.wordpress.com email at [email protected] or [email protected] text/whatsapp us at 8794158145

Dated: 5th December 2015

Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

Copy to; 1. The Dy. Commissioner Mkg & Chairman, Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC. 3. The DPRO Mkg. 4. The Print Media.

53 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence” P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Position Paper No.5: Mokokchung as a Hub – Sectors, Issues & Concerns (Part-II).

Nestled among the hilltops, the Town Park covered with a variety of trees and pines overlooking it, Mokokchung has always been a picturesque town. Even till the 1980s it was covered with varied species of trees. During summer the town was green and the houses looked well tucked in within the shades of the green cover. During season, from the trees in almost every household, children had an unlimited supply of fruits of all kinds – pears, plums, peaches, grapes and many others. During autumn, their leaves turned brown adding colour to the town. Winter saw them shed their leaves and the dry trees had their own charm. With spring, the town would bloom with varied colours of its hundreds of cherry trees. The town was thus treated with a visual display of the change of seasons. This was one of the specialities of Mokokchung. There were also plenty of open spaces where children could play and frolic. Today sadly the trees are disappearing and being replaced with concrete blocks of building, and the town is slowly turning into an urban sprawl of a slum, without any open spaces. Even the drains are beginning to be covered by buildings! Mosquitos which were earlier found only in the lower and warmer altitudes are now found aplenty within the town. All these are ominous signs of a catastrophe waiting to happen.

As we talk and wish for Mokokchung to develop as a Hub for various sectors, we first need to reclaim the qualities that earlier defined the town. We need to re-develop spaces in the form of colony-wise parks, repair the drainages, replant the trees, and build ring roads and feeder roads to expand the town. Along with this, water supply and electricity must follow.

During the past few weeks, citizens have been actively involved in airing their dreams and aspirations for the town. Among many, almost without an exception, they aspire for better healthcare facilities and educational institutions - for the need to have more private hospitals/clinics and more colleges. But Mokokchung with a population of just about 36,000 (census 2011), cannot support the facilities of such dreams. Private hospitals/clinics cannot survive on empty beds and private colleges (or schools) cannot sustain with half-empty classrooms. Yes, patients and students from outside the town and the district too can come for healthcare or educational enrollment. But unless the standard and the quality of the facilities so offered are good enough, they will not come in the required numbers. Hoteliers, restaurant owners and transport operators may also vouch on this! To build and sustain quality, we first need to develop with the home base or the domestic market. For this, the population of Mokokchung town needs to grow at a much faster rate, doubling to 70,000 or even about

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1,00,000 by 2040. But the present town with its existing size and infrastructure which was never designed for any planned capacity, can never achieve this. This is two more Mokokchungs in 25 years! Will it be possible? Will it even be desirable?

The official definition may not qualify the nearby villages and colonies outside the present 18 Wards to be included in the town population. But for all other purposes, such as for services and economic environment, the population of the 4-5 town contagious villages and colonies can be effectively counted in, as commented in our earlier Paper “Understanding what is Mokokchung”. When these population too are counted in, “Mokokchung” could be already having an effective population of more than 45,000. We therefore need to have a radical change in our perception and approach to all aspects of the town, its growth and its management.

During the last couple of weeks, AIR Mokokchung has been doing a commendable job in airing the view and opinions of the citizens for Vision Mokokchung 2040 (you can tune in between 6:00–6:20pm FM 100.9 MHz). For town growth and development, many have spoken out about the need for a change in mindset of the people. But what exactly is this mindset change? Hopefully some citizens shall more clearly specify the changes required as per their perception and experiences. However, for the purpose of this paper, we propose two key areas for mindset change. First, we need a mindset change to respect and abide by the laws of the land. Second, we also need to realize that for a modern society to grow and develop, the respect of contracts are the very foundation for social order. We wish to illustrate this with two instances. The other day, we saw two groups of 2-wheel riders in the main town. Each had two riders. Both the riders of the first 2-wheeler had helmets on, but the other two riders who were youths, were not wearing any helmet. Now the law says all 2-wheel rider(s) must wear helmets. A police officer was trying to tell the second rider to wear helmets. He looked annoyed and frustrated. Naturally so. But to his credit, he was neither shouting nor being abusive. The shame was on the riders. Not the police officer. Now if the riders could just understand that in any accident involving a 2- wheeler, the head being the heaviest part of the body, and being unprotected, shall suffer the most damage or injury. The helmet requirement is not for the benefit of the law, nor for the policemen on duty. It is simply for the safety and protection of the rider. If the rider can understand this simple fact, for his own safety he will wear a helmet every time without being asked to. This will be a mindset change. In doing so, he will not be only respecting and abiding by the law but also protecting himself. Secondly on contracts; If I sell my car to someone, after the sale transaction is done, it becomes a contract resulting in a complete change of ownership. Thereafter, I can never claim to be the 'car-owner' of that particular car. After a few weeks or months, if I ask for a ride or any favour of any kind as the 'car-owner', how stupid and ridiculous will it look? I shall be violating all kinds of contract norms. A society or a business cannot grow if such violations or practices becomes common place. The list can go on. There are legal contracts, social contracts, financial contracts and so on. It could be in written form or simply a word of honour. We propose that the growth and development of the town is hamstrung to a large extent by contract violations in many forms. If we can understand this and change ourselves, it will be another mindset change.

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We can collectively identify the areas where we can acknowledge that changes are required, and make a conscious effort for such changes. The concept of mindset change is not a 'big bang' theory. It consists of small things and small acts, but when combined together, can bring transformative changes beyond measures than we can imagine.

With relative peace prevailing in the district during the last decade or so, the town is slowly (some would say 'fast') expanding and growing. Many facilities are also coming up in the outskirts and nearby localities. Recreational spots are also being developed, where people from the town drive to for recreation and leisure. Several eco-tourism spots are also being developed. All these are positive signs. With better road connectivity, and in due time, we see no reason why it will not add to the growth of the town as a hub for eco-tourism, leisure, farming and related economic activities.

If we are aspiring of adding one or two more Mokokchungs within the next 25 years, it should be a modern township or a city with modern amenities and facilities. It should be a modern town befitting the 21st Century. Just the physical size and population growth alone is not the criteria. Otherwise we have the Dharavi slum in Mumbai, the largest slum in the world with an estimated population of about 7 to 10 lakhs. Exporting goods worldwide, mainly leather, textiles and pottery, it has an annual turnover of about US$500 million! Even the blockbuster film The Slumdog Millionaire is based on this slum. But surely this is not the kind of town that we want!

For a modern town we also need a modern delivery system. Because each city has its own unique background, history and progression, they face different challenges and need different solutions for their problems. Therefore most metropolitan cities of the world are actually governed and managed almost as autonomous states. Now Mokokchung cannot claim to be anywhere near a city status in that sense, but the point is, it too needs a modern mode of governance to address its problems and implement solutions. In this regard, to have a fully functional Municipal Council in its true sense, is a necessity.

Municipal Councils to be set up in Mokokchung, Dimapur and Kohima under the Nagaland Municipal Council Act 2001, are supposed to be empowered with almost all the basic functions for a modern town – Water Supply, Drainage and Sewerage, Building codes and Procedures, Town Planning and Development, Regulating Markets and Slaughter Houses, Disposal of the Dead, Restrain of Infection, Sanitation and Public Safety, Public Conveniences and Latrines & Urinals, Public Lighting and a host of necessary public utility services. The Municipal Council cannot be a panacea for all the problems, but we need at least the appropriate platform and the structures to address them. The citizens too need to pay some user charges for the services so rendered. However the establishment of Municipal Councils as per the Act of 2001 is in a stalemate situation in Nagaland. These are due to certain provisions within the Act, which were strongly objected by the people. The matter is now in the courts. But if we wait for a court settlement, we do not know how long it will take. Ultimately it could be a no-win situation for any party. Therefore will it not be better and of utmost urgency for all stakeholders including the State Government to address these issues, have a re-negotiation if necessary, a mindset change

56 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 perhaps, and come to an acceptable solution, and at the earliest? The people wishes to have a dream and an aspiration for the future of their towns. If this could be respected and responded with a sense of justice and integrity by all stakeholders concerned, we are certain that a solution would be certainly possible.

Yes, Mokokchung can be developed into a Hub, but we need to build the supporting environment and infrastructure with a clear vision.

Please give us your views and feedback at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. Blog at visionmokokchung2040.wordpress.com email at [email protected] or [email protected] text/whatsapp us at 8794158145

Dated: 10th December 2015

Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust.

Copy to; 1. The Dy. Commissioner Mkg & Chairman, Organising Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC. 3. The DPRO Mkg. 4. The Print Media.

57 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence” P.O Box – 49, Mokokchung – 798601. Nagaland. Regd. No. RS 2000 dt:17.06.1993 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 – FREEDOM! Position Paper No.6:

As the formal part of the Mokokchung 125 Years celebrations come to an end, this probably will be our last Position Paper on the theme. We shall now be trying to piece together the voices and thoughts of the people for a final document of Vision Mokokchung 2040.

As the last paper, we wish to cover another important issue which we feel cannot be left unsaid. During the process so far, the one thing that the youth of Mokokchung, the clear clarion voice that has come out is – they want Justice, Peace and Freedom! This we believe, without a debate, is what all the youth of not only Mokokchung but the people of Nagaland desire today. But “Justice and Freedom” could mean different things to different people. To the man in jail and to the man living in a luxurious house, it could mean entirely different things. Yet what we believe the youth are saying is, they want justice in the system, they want peace in the land, and they want freedom from all forms of injustice, violence, underdevelopment, suppression and the freedom to achieve their full potential, goals and destiny. Only with such Freedom, a Vision for the future has substance.

Clearly implicit in the burning desire and cry of the youth for Justice, Peace and Freedom is that, these are missing in today's Nagaland. Our Vision for 2040 is that our youth, our people and our future must have the justice, the peace and the freedom that we all feel in common is missing.

Not having Freedom would mean that we are not liberated. We are enslaved. It is not necessarily a form of physical enslavement, but it could be of the mind too. There is actually very little difference in either of the enslavement. In this 21st century enslavement in the traditional definition may not be much visible, but enslavement of the mind certainly exists. We contend that our minds are enslaved. How is this so? If what conditions that binds you to the extent that you cannot do or speak even the thing which suits you best and that instead or releasing you, the conditions control you. If you are not doubting or questioning anything to find its implications and end result and rather you are swallowing it straight. If you are blinded by certain perceptions that blocks you from identifying your strengths and weaknesses. If your culture, language and history is belittled, not respected or unacknowledged. If you are owing allegiance to a system which does not provide you higher human values. If your behaviours are with reference to other only and not to yourself.

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If you are depending on others and have inferiority complex with a loss of self- confidence. If you cannot voice our your feelings against things that affects your peace and comfort.

If the answers are 'Yes', then you are enslaved. The worst situation is where the slave does not realize that he is enslaved. This form of enslavement could be either individual or corporate. The root causes could be many and complex. Some causes could be quite apparent and obvious, such as the threat to life and liberty, militarization and extra-constitutional tools such as AFSPA with all its connected Indo-Naga political and historical conflict. Some could be in the form of economic situation, where due to, we being economically or financially dependent our freedom of thought and faculty of decision-making are suppressed or robbed. It could also be in the form of rigid traditional dogmas, which refuses to accommodate new ideas and thoughts, upto the extent of suppressing such initiatives. During the Panel Discussion on 14th- 15th December 2015, one such issue that came out strongly from amongst the participants is that of Longtrok issue. To even have a research exercise that Ao migration could have a timeline beyond Longtrok, has become a divisive issue today, where writers and research scholars have even been fined and penalized. This is traumatizing the academia, and frustrates every spirit of search and research in this area, thereby imprisoning our minds. This we feel is a great loss for our society.

Most parents in today's Naga context too restricts the minds of their children, particularly with reference to gainful work and employment. A situation, where the definition of “work and employment” has been narrowed down to a government job only. The educational system too has not helped to re-define and enable the flowering of the potential of students. Our minds remain enslaved with such archaic understanding of work and employment, thereby foregoing other great opportunities offered by a competitive and globalising world.

Corporate state of enslavement could also be apparent when they remain silent in spite of situations which call for speaking out the truth. Even governments are not immune to such conditions. Otherwise if true, what could explain that when the Jeevan Reddy Committee which was set up by the Govt of India to review the AFSPA, the Committee asked all the affected States to give their views but “the State governments of Manipur, Tripura and Nagaland did not send an official response” (Sudeep Chakravarti, Highway 39, 2012, p.256). Even in the most recent case when the Assam Rifles issued a gag order to the local press, and even directed the state govt for certain actions, crossing all lines of jurisprudence, the state govt strangely chose to remain silent. A condition of enslavement.

A liberated mind can be one of the most potent force for facing the challenges of changes, dispensation of justice, peace, progress and development. But it is first necessary to become aware that one is indeed an enslaved person. Otherwise, if he/she thinks that he is already a 'free man', then nothing else can be, nor need be done. But it is our contention that today, either individually or collectively, we are an enslaved people. And that if we are to truly march forward to achieve our true potential, the chains need to be broken.

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The Queen Victoria Memorial Hall at Kolkata is a beautiful and impressive structure built by the British Imperial power. There is an inscription in this Hall which has the message of the Queen Empress Victoria on assuming the title “Empress of India” at the proclamation Durbar Delhi 1st January 1877. It reads; “We trust that the present occasion may tend to unite in bonds of yet closer affection ourselves and our subjects; that from the highest to the humblest all may feel that under our rule the great principles of liberty, equity and justice are secured to them and that to promote their happiness to add to their prosperity and advance their welfare are the ever present aims and objects of our empire”.

Such seductive words from an occupying power at a time when posh clubs in Kolkata had signs, “Dogs and Indians not allowed”! Yes, even sweet sounding words can be tools for enslavement. So, today, why are the youth crying out – we want “peace and freedom?” Shall we given them “peace and freedom” by saying that “tomorrow is yours”, “friends of the hill people”, “you are the leaders of the future” etc? Without the context of justice and true freedom, and without laying down a solid foundation today for their tomorrow, we fear that these are simply words of enslavement and of mockery.

Can we individually and collectively go through a journey of self-discovery, awareness and of sensitization on the true meaning of freedom? We don't think that the people desire the peace and freedom of the grave, but of the living.

At times when rationality fails, our people take refuge in the comfort zone of “tradition states that” or “traditional states this”. There is nothing wrong in this, and at times, such 'traditions' should be respected and upheld as these practises also makes for a better society. Yet, these are words that at times, binds us to take bold forward looking steps. Often times, it prevents a scientific temper and encourages superstitious conduct and beliefs, including mixing up between myth and reality. For instance, in one Ao folklore to explain some birth, a bird was supposed to have dropped the child from the sky as it flew high!

The Chinese and the Koreans have more than 3,000 years of written recorded history, and more than 4,000 years if oral history is also taken into account. For the Aos, the origin of Longtrok and Chungliyimti as per archeological findings and carbon dating is roughly only about a 1,000 years old. Whenever there is an attempt to bring the few hundred years old oral history of the Aos to a written form, there are threats of fines and penalties from the “traditionalist”. This is not the way forward to try and expand the knowledge base of our rich tradition, history and culture. We fear that the future may blame this generation if this is allowed to be continued. This is where tradition and rationality backed by sound academic research and a scientific temper ought to take more bold and courageous steps for our society to liberate and to expand our mind.

The Naga culture or Ao culture in the present situation juxtaposed along with the many traditions or traditional practices, is greatly influenced by Christian teachings. This has resulted in creating confusion on many occasions. For instance, the practise of forgiving or

60 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 compromising in many occasions in the name of being Christians does not conform to the acceptable norms of modernity, where rule of the law should be the criteria. This does not mean that one should not forgive. But it means that rule of the law cannot be simply thrown out in the name of being Christians – this only encourages injustice which is actually one of the core tenets of Christianity. Thus, do some of our traditions promote society or hinder the growth of new thoughts and ideas? Should we totally abandon our traditional practices along with their values systems to embrace modernity?

At a time when India was under complete British domination, Rabindranath Tagore famously wrote, “where the mind is without fear”, and inspired a generation of young Indians to fight for their freedom. The Naga youth of today, too needs to identify the chains of bondage and unshackle them, be inspired and fight for peace and freedom. For the price of freedom is eternal vigilance. May God grant us the wisdom and the courage to be eternally vigilant.

Please give us your views and feedback at www.facebook.com/groups/ilovemokokchung. Blog at visionmokokchung2040.wordpress.com email at [email protected] or [email protected] text/whatsapp us at 8794158145

In many ways, Christmas too is about Freedom. Merry Christmas.

Dated: 23rd December 2015 Sd/- Mayangnokcha Award Trust. Copy to; 1. The Dy. Commissioner Mkg & Convenor Core Committee. 2. The Vice-President, MDACC. 3. The DPRO Mkg. 4. The Print Media.

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PAPER from RESOURCE PERSONS

Sl. Issue Writer 1. An overall concept for progress & development of : Abhishek Singh Mokokchung Dynamics & Change Levers . 2. Youth as Wealth (Raising a Voice in Mokokchung) : Aier, I.L

3. The Role of Policy Makers and P olitics in Development – : Alemtemshi Jamir with special reference to Mokokchung. 4. Identification and Zoning for Development of Agri & Allied : Amenba Yaden Sectors – with special reference to Foothills, Tzürangkon and Tuli Valleys. 5. A Thriving Cottage Industry Adding to the Economic : Anungla Aier Dynamics or Growth of the Town – A Direction or a Thrust. 6. For a progressive Mokokchung – an inclusive and a : Asüngba K. Sangtam cosmopolitan society. 7. The Wealth of Mokokchung: How to enrich it ? : M. Bendangnükshi Longkumer 8. Role of Individuals, Village Councils, Administration, : Imlirenla Church, Civil Societies, Candidates, Parties and every stakeholder to achieve within the District, one -man-one- vote by the next elections. 9. If Education & Progress are Intrinsically Linked, is the : Imliltoshi T. Walling present Quality of Education and Delivery good enough. If not what are the shortcomings and how can it be addressed. 10. Revitalising our Pioneering Spirit for Mokokchung 2040 : Temjen K. Jamir 11. The Critical role of Justice & Integrity for peace & : Khekiye K. Sema development. How Justice & Integrity be defined, understood and inculcated as a way of life. 12. Development of an Agri base for economic sustainability. : Lanukaba Imchen 13. In what ways our present mindset has to change to : Limalenden Longkumer achieve progress and development at par with advanced countries? 14. Resurgence of values in Ao Naga Traditional and : Lendinokdang Customary Practices, with Changes where nec essary. 15. The Role of Churches in Mokokchung in the making of a : Lulen Jamir Society based on Christian values. 16. Selected Sports that Mokokchung can focus on, and : Meren Paul, T produce some Olympians before 2040 –ref erence to infrastructure, talen spoting, grooming and support. 17. M okokchung Vision 2040 : Moa S. Longkumer 18. Restructuring a Strong and Resurgent MMC : Moasangba Jamir

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Sl. Issue Writer

19 . Mokokchung Town 2040 NUKLA : Sendongla 20 . What is your overall concept for Progress and : Temjen Toy Development of Mokokchung? What are the dynamics and what are the change levers? 21 . Mokokchung Vision 2040 – A Viewpoint from afar. : Tiameren Jamir 22 . Resurgence of Values in Ao -Naga Traditional and : Temsula Ao Customary Practices: with changes where necessary. 23 . Vision Mokokchung 2040 – some random Thoughts. : Thangi Manen L.H 24 . Inculcating Free -thinking and Positive behavior. : Toshinaro Longchar 25 . Understanding the Economic Dynamics of Mokokchung. : Tsükti Longkumer 26 . Inculcating a Culture of Free thinking and Positive : Walunir Behavior.

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 An overall concept for Progress & Development of Mokokchung. Dynamics & Change Levers

Abhishek Singh, IAS

When I think of the concept for hospitals and more income for people Progress and Development of Mokokchung resulting in more cars and places to spend – the immediate thought that comes to my money. But then, that's true for almost every mind is that in order to move forward, town or place. Real challenge is how are we Mokokchung needs to build upon its able to leapfrog from where we are to where Strengths, diminish the negative effects of we can be – and to do that one would need i t s We a k n e s s e s , b e a w a r e o f t h e to innovate and focus on being constructive Opportunities and prepare itself to mitigate and creative. the Threats that may impact the goals and aspirations of the District. In short we need T h e N a g a l a n d S t a t e H u m a n to do a SWOT analysis to have a plan and Development Report of 2004 had ranked roadmap for future. History has proved that t h e v a r i o u s d i s t r i c t s o n H u m a n all societies do move forward on the path of Development Index, Gender Development development. In many ways Mokokchung Index and Human Poverty Index. As per this today is much better than what it was 20-30 report, Mokokchung ranked fairly well on all years ago – we have better schools, better the key parameters – HDI, GDI and HPI.

Human Gender Human District Development Development Poverty Index Index Rank Index Rank Rank Dimapur 1 2 4 Mokokchung 2 3 1 Wokha 3 5 3 Kohima 4 1 5 Phek 5 4 6 Zunheboto 6 6 2 Tuensang 7 7 7 Mon 8 8 8

Though the report and the data is education and has been the largest more than 10 years old, but based on the contributor to senior political and Census 2011, data, one can reasonably bureaucratic positions in the State. In almost believe that Mokokchung continues to be all villages in Mokokchung, one finds an amongst one of the 'most developed' districts inherent desire to excel and do well. Youth of of Nagaland. Mokokchung has traditionally Mokokchung is aware and is willing to run been ahead on key parameters like the extra mile in order to ensure a better

64 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 quality of life. I have personally seen the been a better place than Mokokchung youth leadership take issues which directly and Nagaland to set up such an impact quality of education or opportunities institution. With these strengths of of livelihood. existing institutions, Mokokchung has an opportunity to leverage to build an With the above background, the ecosystem of educational and training question that comes to one's mind is how institutions. A residential school like can one leverage the strengths of a youthful Assam Valley is definitely a possibility aware population to leapfrog to create a which can ensure that students of not Developed Mokokchung which can offer only Mokokchung but of the adjoining jobs to all and create wealth and prosperity districts of both Assam and Nagaland for all people. Development is directly get access to good quality education related to economy as once people have and upbringing. The Dr. Imkonglemba jobs and they have money to spend, it results Memorial Hospital which began as a in more growth which will create more jobs. Charitable Dispensary way back in The strengths of Mokokchung are 1889 has the potential of evolving into Education, Tourism and Music. The district not only a Super Speciality Hospital needs to leverage the key strengths to grow but also a full fledged Medical College at a fast pace. This can be done in the and Nursing School that can provide following ways: quality referral services to people of Mokokchung and neighboring districts. Mokokchung also has the 1. Development of Mokokchung as potential for setting up a Jawahar an Education Hub: Location of Navodaya Vidyalaya as also skill Mokokchung and existing educational development centers under the facilities make it ideally suited for National Skill Development Mission. development as an Education Hub or Developing Mokokchung as an EduCity. Nagaland University campus EduCity will not only improve at Lumami is just 28 kms from district Education but will also help jumpstart h e a d q u a r t e r s , I n s t i t u t e o f the local economy as Educational Communications and Information Institutions will spur the demand for Technology is at around 14 Kms, Fazl hostels, markets, restaurants and Ali College is the oldest college of recreational places. This will also help Nagaland, and Clark Theological create jobs and increase incomes for College, Aolijen is the premier all people. Theological school in the whole of North East India. The proposed 2. Development of Mokokchung as Mahatma Gandhi Academy for Human Music & Performing Arts Hub : Development, Chuchuyimlang being Mokokchung is the Music Capital of set up in association with Tata Institute not only Nagaland but the whole North of Social Sciences and Nagaland East. The potential of Mokokchung Gandhi Ashram has the potential of helped to create the Naga Idol reality being an Institution of repute to train show which has become a roaring p e o p l e i n S o c i a l W o r k a n d success in its Avatar as Naga Orpheus Development and there couldn't have

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Hunt. The model which was innovated Changki Valley has been a non-starter in Mokokchung with hardly any in view of the lack of making backward resources or sponsorship has been and forward linkages. On one hand replicated for several talent shows in such factories do not get the fruits not only Nagaland but in other states as needed and on the other farmers are well. The potential of Mokokchung not able to get remunerative prices for goes beyond Music – Theatre, their produce. In order to ensure that Performing Arts, Video Editing, Film horticulture can ensure better incomes M a k i n g, S o u n d a n d L i g h t s t o for the farmers, we need to invest in Marketing. Musical talents are there in providing cold chain storage and almost every home in the district. This transportation so that orchids, roses inherent talent can be harnessed by and fruits can be preserved and setting up Grooming and Finishing transported to the markets without Schools, Recording Studios and setting delay so that there is minimal wastage up training centers for film making, of the produce. It will also require acting and direction. Mokokchung can training farmers in techniques of set up schools for training students in plucking, preservation and packaging Music, Drama and Performing Arts by so that they can have better incomes. entering into partnership with Sangeet Development of Mokokchung as a Natak Academy, National School of Horticulture Hub and setting up of Drama and Music Task Force of the associated infrastructure will ensure State. Development of Music and that the incomes in rural areas increase Performing Arts as an industry has the which is very vital for the economy of potential of creating jobs as also the District. helping in Economic Growth of the District. 4. Development of Mokokchung as a Tourist Hub: Mokokchung has one of 3. Development of Mokokchung as a the most scenic locations in the State Horticulture Hub : Agriculture and tourism has a great potential for continues to be the prime occupation creating jobs and incomes for the of the people in most of the villages of people of the district. Development of Mokokchung. The agroclimatic and Tourism goes beyond natural beauty g e o g r a p h i c a l c o n d i t i o n s o f and the greenery and the clouds that's Mokokchung make it ideally suited for in abundance in the district. Tourism horticulture crops. The flowers in requires better infrastructural facilities Yisemyong, Cucumbers in Aliba and – good roads, good hotels and the Tomatoes of Longkhum are proof restaurants as also recreational places that Mokokchung products can truly where tourists can relax and have a cater to a niche market. The district also good time. Till the economy grows to has the potential for growing tea, create a demand for star hotels – passion fruit, rubber and arecanut in Mokokchung can offer innovative addition to the flowers and the 'Home Stays' in which tourists get to vegetables. The Fruit Preservation and experience the Naga way of rural life – Canning factory set up at Longnak in Meals around fireplace in the kitchen,

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local brew and cuisine, walk to Khetis district and the people. However critical to and the culture, traditions and the achieving what has been mentioned above simplicity of village life. Tourism today will be a peaceful environment and civic is also a lot about social media and amenities that include electricity, water tourists today look for signature supply and bandwidth. With more and more landmarks with which they can post cities becoming 'smart', Mokokchung their pictures. One way to do this will cannot be left behind. Mokokchung has the be provide 'Mokokchung' landmarks potential of showing the way for the whole and oppor tunities to dress in State. Though all this can be lost if there is no t r a d i t i o n a l a t t i r e a n d g e t peace or if necessary investments in photographed. Development of infrastructure is not made. Mokokchung has trekking routes and ropeways can be been a vigilant district and I am sure the added attractions for tourists. Similarly people along with the administration and on weekends, there can be musical Government can make the dreams come evening and events that tourists can true. Mokokchung showed the way 144 attend. Development of Tourism will years ago with the advent of Christianity also add to the economy and help the and modern way of life – today we are at the youth find jobs and create wealth and cusp of an opportunity again – the future prosperity. b e c k o n s a n d t h e 6 6 % c i t i z e n s o f Mokokchung who are below 35 years of age A lot more can be done in the fields can look forward to a bright future where of handicrafts, technology, health care etc more time and energy is spent on that can help Mokokchung leapfrog into education, music, agriculture and creating the league of developed cities. But I would economic opportunities and wealth for the limit myself to the 4 key areas identified people, community and society. above which relies on the strengths of the

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YOUTH AS WEALTH (Raising a Voice in Mokokchung) I.L. Aier “No man is so foolish as to desire war more than peace: for in the peace sons bury their fathers, but in war fathers bury their sons.”– Herodotus

Wealth comes in many forms and kinds. (2) Uninterrupted flow of cash and wage You take money, real estate and jewelry, etc. earnings through labor and enterprise. They can all be measured. There is however (3) More institutions to provide skills and one that cannot be valued, measured, training as in infrastructure in addition weighed or assayed; that is what we call to general education. youth. They represent life, continuity and (4) Daily availability of basic amenities like the future. There is no human yardstick to power and light, water, waste measure or value them. Youth is above all management and disposal. these. A society or nation without its youth, (5) Administrative and political will and or a town or village is existentially and resolve to provide all the above. virtually a dead society. There are many others but for the time Youth is space and time. That is to say b e i n g ( o f t h e Q u a s q u i c e n t e n n i a l they are by themselves the measurement of celebration) this is what comes to mind at the community in existence and the this very short notice. There is no denying continual passage into the future. To make the fact Mokokchung have suffered for more than a decade being held prisoner and these possible, the adult world of society (in deprecated by a pall of darkness. During that Mokokchung in particular) – parents, policy period many youth lost their lives. Many makers and leaders and the various more youth lost their parents in untimely institutions must insure certain basic ways. Many youth had their due process of conditions. They are, growth toward maturity and progress interrupted. Many youth had their family SECURITY income and wealth divested into penury; It is understood in terms of the followings, Most of all many are the adults now, who as youth then, had their respective pursuits (1) Freedom from fear (studies, enterprise), cut short by the despair (2) Freedom from life threatening and life taking disparaging situations, not of situations and actions their own making. Their battered and (3) Freedom from destitution and poverty depressed lives now are no future as such at (4) Freedom from repression, oppression all. In fact, it is being the living dead. Under and depression all the above scenarios, to render to our (5) Freedom from deprivation. youth as wealth of life and the future, we PROGRESS: They are, have so much to do. (1) Socio-economic process of market and commerce to be allowed to generate undisturbed.

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The Role of Policy Makers and Politics in Development With special reference to Mokokchung Alemtemshi Jamir, IAS (Rtd)

'Development is another dimension of freedom'… Amartya Sen.

Development has many dimensions peace and harmony among men. Human and requires to be viewed from the various Development is seen from the basic aspect aspects of the social, political and economic of the empowering mediums such as facets of man. These have been the education, health care and livelihood. In considerations of mankind since the dawn such considerations, the MDG makes special of human civilization and the cumulative reference to elimination of poverty as knowledge on these aspects are vast. The primary. Mokokchung needs to attend to conceptions of development has been this as the poverty level of the town is high at further made extremely complicated, in the present with livelihood options extremely present day context, by the mind boggling limited especially for the youth. The other changes that are taking place through important aspect of the MDG is the scientific and technological advancements environment and ecology with special especially in the realm of information reference to air, water and climate change. technologies. They are changing even the Here again for Mokokchung water issue is behavioral patterns of the human society. vital issue. It should be understood that M okokchung is also a par t of the water is important not only for the use of the globalization phenomenon and any people residing in the town, but also for the discourse on its development need to keep agriculture surrounding the town on which all these factors in mind. the people are dependant for their In such a backdrop, at the turn of the sustenance as also the income of a good century, the United Nations outlined the many residents of the town. The MDG also MDG or the Millennium Development Goals deems Gender equity as integral for w h i c h h a s h e l p e d to s i m p l i f y t h e development in the modern age where development issues confronting mankind, once again Mokokchung needs to rethink its especially for the underdeveloped peoples position beyond the issues of reservation. of the world. Mokokchung comes within the It is also understood that Governance category of underdeveloped or developing is not the sole domain of the Government. areas of the world. Today, the by word, while discussing any The MDG has brought focus or global development planning or activity is attention on 'Human Development' to be 'Inclusive' and 'Participatory'. Governance the primary issue in bringing about social therefore, comprise of many layers justice and equity and thereby leading to beginning with the National and the sub- national (State level) Governments, down to

69 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 the local levels such as the Urban exercises focused mainly on the present or organizations like the town Councils and the emergent local needs and attending to the Municipalities as also the Village councils at perceived deficiencies instead of guiding t h e r u r a l l e ve l. I n t h e c o n t e x t o f towards a clear direction of growth and Mokokchung, the evolution of Sector and development. Ward committees or bodies play an Politics and Policy makers have to lead important role in organizing the lives of the the people away from the present tendency people making them as another important of over dependence on the Government. layer of governance in terms of the This mindset or attitude of dependence on n e i g h b o r h o o d l e v e l . I n s u c h a n the government is further understood and understanding, the people comprising the translated to be dependence on the leaders, various layers make them all policy makers especially the politician for even the a n d v i t a l t o t h e s o c i o - e c o n o m i c i n d i v i d u a l m o n e t a r y n e e d s a n d development of the society. requirements. This syndrome is one fallacy The other very important aspect of and pitfall to all process of good governance development, very clearly understood in the and confuses the very essence and 21st Century, is that, development is not just conceptions of what true development is all t h e d o m a i n o f t h e G o v e r n m e n t . about. While the attitude of the people Development, especially economic needs to be changed through a process of development, is powered by both the reform, it is also up to the enlightened 'Public' and the 'Private sector'. Socialism is leaders and politicians to also guide the no more regarded/thought of as a viable people to change in the right direction. system and the dynamics of 'Free Market' Mokokchung and the Ao people are often economy prevails in the world today. With blamed by the other Naga tribes for all the the 'State' shrinking the government's prevailing negative practices during responsibility is primarily seen to be the elections such as vote buying, proxy voting, provision of infrastructure or common the so called 'çoop' (actually meaning Coup) facilities requiring larger investments such or booth capturing as also the 'Senso' or as connectivity, communication, power and village candidature. In all these, violence water and so on, while the private sector is becomes a part and parcel of the elections seen as the engine for generating wealth, processes. Such practices are not only employment and forward movement of the detrimental to democracy but it alters and in economy. fact mutilates the entire meaning of development. Can Mokokchung – the The role, therefore, of policy makers is people and its leaders - bring about the to be enlightened and aware of such global changes that are so much needed and dimensions of development and lead the required? people in that direction. Without such understandings, policy making would be The understanding of politics as only hazardous and reduced to firefighting election politics, both by the people and the

70 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 leaders, goes against the very grain of Good rudimentary and yet to attain any economic Governance so vital for real development. dimension, as presently, it is confined to The MDG of the United Nations emphasizes what the farmers bring to the town to sell. 'Good Governance' as the core need of the There is no commercial agricultural activity underdeveloped world. The basic tenets of leading to post harvest activities such as Good Governance is further underlined to marketing, storage, transportation and mean assuring 'Justice & Equity' through processing and so on. managing the political and administrative So far there has not been any clear systems based on the principles of policies on how to promote trade, 'Transparency' and 'Accountability.' Without commerce and industries in Mokokchung. such principles in operation, the social There are also no policies for development of divide between the rich and the poor only Services such as Education, Health care, i n c r e a s e s w i t h t h e t e n d e n c y f o r Tourism as an economy for Mokokchung. concentration of wealth among only a few The aspect of Culture and sports to promote and thus continue to perpetuate the the economy of Mokokchung has also been exploitative election mal-practices. viewed as some of the strengths of the town. In order to wean away the people from But these have also not been made to the existing negative practices, there is a flourish and promote some kind of great need for the policy makers and the economy. Leaders and policy makers of the politicians to themselves understand the town all need to ponder and evolve the right true meaning of development. The policies in all these directions. dynamics of the economy of Mokokchung Policy makers have also be futuristic in needs to be understood and evolve the right their thinking or adopt visionary outlook. policies for development and thereby lead For example, while talk ing of the away the people from simple election development of Mokokchung, there should strategies. There is need to have in depth be clear understanding of the carrying discussions about the economy of the town, capacity of the town or how much growth, which is today, basically based only on especially population, is the town capable government payments comprising salaries of. Water has always been a problem. There and/or contractors payments or whatever are already strong indications of traffic jams the politicians give away as patronage. There that may become uncontrollable in a few is no other real generation of money. The years time. Kohima and even Dimapur are other economic activities of Mokokchung already going through the throes of such as retail (shops/markets), services such unplanned growth. Lateral and vertical as construction,transport, repair and expansion (High rise buildings) due to m a i n t e n a n c e e t c . a n d e v e n t h e terrain and land is also limited. Firewood in entrepreneurial activities are based basically Kohima is already becoming exorbitant if on the government transaction. The not scarce. Mokokchung should not face the agricultural production or economy is still same fate. We have to account for migration

71 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 away from the town and immigration to the entrepreneurs, in the private sector to town as we discuss the development of the thrive. In turn the people of the town can town. Here Policy makers have to be also strive towards creating the proper enlightened otherwise, in haphazard environment and encourage enlightened approach we may be creating a town that leaders and Policy makers to come up who could be unlivable in the future. can concentrate on the real issues of d e v e l o p m e n t . I n t h u s c h a n g i n g Mokokchung has the potential to Mokokchung will not be only benefitting pioneer and bring about changes in the itself but will be paving the way for all other right direction for which the leaders or townships in the State. policy makers, of levels, have to shoulder their appropriate responsibilities. They can As we discuss the role of the policy act to make Mokokchung reform and makers and politics in the development of restructure and create the enabling the town let us remember that basically in a environment for true development to take Democracy “The People get the kind of place – to generate an economy where the Government, politician or policy makers people become productive and the that they DESERVE.”

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IDENTIFICATION AND ZONING FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AGRI & ALLIED SECTORS. WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FOOTHILLS, TZURANGKONG AND TULI VALLEYS Amenba Yaden, IFS (Rtd)

While considering to accord high from loam to silty coarse sandy and sandy priority for economic transformation of the loam. Thus, the soil of Nagaland can be State, it is imperative for us to look into the grouped mainly under Entisol, Oxisol, development of agriculture and allied Mollisols and Spodosol. sectors, given the fact that agriculture is the Mokokchung District. RESOURCES: main land–use occupation of the Naga people. Being a hilly state, the topography Horticulture Resources: The soil and of the hilly terrains creates barriers in climate condition favors the growth of utilization of land for large scale farming. different varieties of temperature and Working on the land of hilly terrain makes typical fruits such as orange, pineapple, labour intensive and these factors have banana, peach etc. Because of favorable resulted in high production cost with less climatic conditions good quality of orange & productivity. Invariably the farm products plum can be grown in Kubolong Block area losses its marketability and becomes and Changtongya area. The District's major uneconomical. In order to harness the fruits are apple, pears, plum, Peach, Citrus, natural resources of the State, proper Papaya, Banana, Guava, Mango, Litchi, Jack identification and crop zonation of both fruit, Pineapple etc. agriculture and horticulture items in Like the rest of the Nagas, the people relation to physiographical condition of the of Mokokchung district, predominantly locality or locality factors is very important. inhabited by the Ao tribe, are primarily The climate over the foothills is warm humid dependent on agricultural activities. While to sub-tropical, it is moderate over mid the agro-climatic and geographical slopes. The sub-montane type and cool conditions is conducive for many sub- temperate prevails over the high hills. The tropical and temperate fruits, vegetables average annual rainfall is between 200 to and spices like ginger, chillies, turmeric, 250cms occurring over 6 months from May cardamom, etc., where all agro-horticultural t o O c t o b e r. T h e r a i n y s e a s o n i s produces in the State are grown chemical characterized by high humidity. f r e e a n d a r e o r g a n i c b y d e f a u l t , Soil of Nagaland: Mokokchung district, like most other districts in the State is inherently a hilly The soil of Nagaland is acidic in region with harsh and difficult topography. general and the pH value ranges from 4.8 to There are however, amidst the rocky and 5.62. The organic carbon content of the steep terrains, stretches of fertile and surface soil is quite high, but the soil is poor cultivable land suitable for sustainable in phosphate content. The soil texture varies agriculture.

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The idea of agriculture zoning in was operational for sometime in the past Mokokchung district is therefore derived but closed down along with the closure of from the need of the community to protect the Paper mill is to resume its service soon. such agricultural lands, prevent non- The climatic condition of the area is agricultural usage of such lands and suitable for various types of commercial introduce most suitable agro-horticultural agro produces. Apart from this, extensive produces in such identified areas. Thereby rubber plantations, and a number of enabling incorporation of best practices and horticultural farms are located in its vicinity technology in modern agriculture to ensure growing medicinal plants, Citrus fruits, food security, sustainable agro-economy Pineapples and vegetables. Small Tea and commercial scale production of agro- Gardens are also flourishing. It is envisaged horticultural produces. that this sector to grow significantly once Therefore, identification and Zoning the Multi Product Cluster centre is fully of Agro-Horticultural areas vis-à-vis functional. produces with special emphasis on Tuli and SWOT analysis of Tuli Tsürang Valley areas would be a move in the right direction and it would be an opportune Strengths: Site within close proximity time before haphazard development sets in. of the NH-61 connecting NH-37 linking with They are the most potential areas for Guwahati and Dimapur.Perennial water commercial production of agriculture and source - Melak and Tzusangra rivers with other agro-forestry products. hosts of tributaries. TULI Valley: Sparsely populate– would involve minimal relocation.Both Skilled and un- Tuli can be developed as another skilled labour supply is easily available due future commercial hub for the District of to its close proximity to Assam. Mokokchung and the adjoining districts in the northern region of Nagaland. Weaknesses:Undulating terrains. Limited industrialization in the past Lack of Tuli Town is located on the bank of availability of adequate power. Melak bounded by the hill slope on one side and the Tuli-Naginimora road on the other. Opportunities: Optimal utilization of Though not used at present, Tuli is also natural resources. Strategically located close connected with an existing railway line of 20 to existing industrial unit (Tuli Paper Mill) km from Amguri. Apart from national and and Assam – can get the benefit of an State Highways, the other District roads such already vibrant business environment and as –Tuli-Changkikong range road, Tuli- exploit the resources of the state. Tamlu(Longleng Dist.) road, Tuli- Naginimara T h r e a t s : Po t e n t i a l h a p h a z a r d roads etc. all takes convergence from this development if not properly zoned. township. The Jorhat Airport is only an hour drive from Tuli and the Tuli Rail-station which

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Tsurang Valley: thus indicating the climatic and the feasibility of crop success. Tsurang Valley area is located on the foot hills of Nagaland bordering upper The State departments of Agriculture Assam. It is well connected by Mariani – and the Horticulture in their Annual Action Mokokchung State highway. The nearest Plan documents brings out details technical railhead is about 30 KM at Mariani and the information which prescribes district-wise nearest Airport is roughly 48 km at Jorhat crop zoning according to climatic condition (Assam), which is a commercial and and elevation. industrial center in upper Assam. According to the State Horticulture Tsurang Valley has warm humid Department, it has focused in crops which climate suitable of various types of Agro are viable for commercial cultivation with produce etc. Various farms and estates are compact area/ cluster approach. Out of the also located in its vicinity consisting mainly long list of selected menus, few crops that of medicinal plants, Citrus fruits and can be grown in the lower warm locations vegetables apart from tea and rubber are : Citrus, Pineapple, Banana, Naga Chilli, plantations. Ginger, Turmeric, Blackpepper, Betelvine, C a s h e w n u t , V e g e t a b l e s e t c . Infrastructure requirements like The Departments' initiation of Vegetable Telecommunication, Electricity and Water Village in all the eleven districts of the State are easily accessible. Some of the features of which it says is the first of its kind in the Tsurang Valley are described briefly country. Selection of Horticulture corridors hereunder: along the National and State Highways; Proximity to water source. Tsurang Geographic Index (GI) registration of Naga Valey is close to the Longpen River. The state Mircha and the GI registration of Naga Sweet Highway of Mariani – Mokokchung linking cucumber currently under process are some Jorhat – Dimapur NH-39 & NH-37 to Tsurang of the remarkable steps being initiated. The already exists. Power connection to the department has also achieved the branding nearby villages already exists. Enhancement of 'Naga Pineapple' which is the first of its of load capacity would not be a problem as k i n d i n t h e w h o l e o f N o r t h - E a s t . the 132 KV line from Mariani to Mokokchung Development of indigenous drier for spices is already in existence. like large cardamom and Naga Mircha is another step for better marketability. Agroclimatic Zonation for Crop Planning: Apart from determining the crop The agro-ecological zoning, based on zonations by both Agriculture and the the climatic and soil potential of a region and Horticulture Departments, the Agricultural its climatic associated risks are highly Products marketing Corporation (APMCs) relevant. It is also important to mention that are in place in all the districts. However, its the agro-ecological zoning might provide full functionality needs to be revamped, and complementary information about the exploitation paths needs to be drawn up c l i m a t i c r i s k s u c h a s h i g h o r l o w while drawing the crop zonations. temperatures, drought or excess rainfall,

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A THRIVING COTTAGE INDUSTRY ADDING TO THE ECONOMIC DYNAMICS AND GROWTH OF THE TOWN - A DIRECTION AND A THRUST. Mrs. Anungla Aier, Salangtem Ward

Aos by nature are not business minded FUNCTIONS: and it was considered as the forte of the non- 1. Core committee: 2. Clusters: locals and those who did business were (a) Monitoring -screen/set (a) Procurement of standards for quality essentials. looked down till recently. If what was products. (b) Organise produced or made locally was sold people (b) I nf o rmation provider. trainings/workshops/ (c) Exploration of market. thought of that person as stingy, was seminars. frowned upon and labelled as, 'pa po (d)Formation of SHG’s and (c) Marketing. Clusters. (d) Contact with the business ar'. Everything was for free, goods as (e) Networking. Core (f) Financing well as services. It is because of this age old Committee. tradition of giving for free which makes our 3. Self Help Groups (SHGs) 4. Individuals: people to be apprehensive about venturing (a) Organise the group. (a) Producers. (b) Select leaders into business and Cottage Industry is (c ) Open Bank Accounts . definitely about business. Added to that we (d) Marketing. are also quite happy within our comfort zone with what we have or don't have and Monitoring is the most important 'saving' is not one of our strong points. function of the Core Committee to oversee that the quality of the products are not With the passage of time changes has compromised and also to help in monitoring seeped into the mindset of the people and it the cost of the products to have a viable is gaining momentum but the Cottage market for both the consumers and Industry is still at the nascent stage and if we producers, screen out the genuine want it to contribute to the economic individuals wanting to avail of opportunity dynamics and the growth of the town it for trainings or loans etc, assist in recovery of should be more organised than what it is loans etc. now. As an Information Provider the Core The following four level set-up is Committee can help in getting the SHGs s hereby suggested- well as their products get registered, opening of bank accounts, procurement of essentials at the best price as not all ingredients, materials or tools are available in Mokokchung (for example the Candle makers would like to expand their business by producing different variety but they are

76 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 not able to procure the moulds or colour) , to start or expand their business due to cash give tips for further improvement etc. crunch. Financial assistance in the form of Explore the market and create loans can help. Subsidy or free cash does not avenues to sell the products. It can be done help as people don't take anything that in the form of organising regular and seriously if it is for free. But loans should be periodical sales day, advertisement etc. soft loans, if possible without any interest or What to look forward to is having a mobile minimal interest. A moratorium period of six market and also have our products go (6) months can be given before the recovery beyond Mokokchung Town. of loan starts. People have different interests and In order for the Core Committee to talents. What works best is letting the function a minimal percentage of 1-2% can individuals do what they want. But too small be charged from the products sold or if a business does not work well for marketing, donations or grant-in-aids are available it what can be done is to help the different would serve the purpose. individuals making the same products come SOME PRESENT ACTIVITIES IN together and form SHGs and Clusters. MOKOKCHUNG:

In Nagaland many Government 1. Black smithy. 9. Pickles & Departments, NGOs have schemes for 2. M aking of traditional chutneys. ornaments and tools. 10. Catering service. providing trainings/workshops/seminars 3. W eaving-both loin and 11. Kitchen Gardens etc on various fields. The Core Committee loom. & floriculture. 4. Artificial flower making and 12. Juice making can help by networking with the different other decorative items. (seasonal) departments, NGOs and the target group. It 5. W ood carving and bamboo 13. Poultry, piggery, can also help in networking between the handicrafts. silk worm. 6. Knitting. 14. Animal feeds. consumers and producers, helping to place 7. Tailoring. 15. Vermi-compost. orders or passing on information on where 8. Home-made food produce - 16. Mushroom biscuits , cakes, amzu, cultivation. to avail of the required products. gooseberry & ginger candies, banana & tapioca For any venture to succeed finance is chips. crucial. Many individuals are not in a position

77 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

A Vision of Mokokchung in 2040

K. Asungba Sangtam

Mokokchung which was a tiny town beautiful metropolitan town. with hardly 100 odd population over a Mokokchung has some remarkable century and quarter years ago has now reputation amongst those who have visited grown into a municipal town with an the place from Nagaland as well as outside. approximate of 36,000 as per the 2011 One of the first things that many will Census. According to history it is believed mention about the town is, its cleanliness that a handful of Assam Rifles boys arrived at and that the people are polite and Mokokchung led by a British officer and hospitable in nature. If one looks at the established a stockade just behind the climate, Mokokchung is blessed with a good present Deputy Commissioner's Office in climate and I clearly recall Maj. R Khathing, Sangtemla Ward as it is now called. In course the first Deput y Commissioner of of time this establishment became the Sub- Mokokchung once remarked that “Even if it Divisional Officer's Headquarter under the rained from morning till night, the sun B r i t i s h r u l e. To a s s i s t i n t h e c i v i l shows its face for at least a few minutes administration a good number of people before it sets in the western hemisphere.” were recruited from Ao community as well However, over the years a serious concern as the neighboring region especially from has surfaced that there are 18 wards in trans Dikhu river in various capacity varying Mokokchung town and the houses are very from Head Clerk, Head Dobashi, Dobashis, clustered together and there is hardly any Clerks, Peons, Chowkidars, gardeners etc. In space to put one foot between the houses those days, most of the cases were tried in since it has not been planned properly to be traditional ways and conventional able to claim for a smart town. customary laws were applied. Therefore, As far as the community and society is over the years Mokokchung saw Semas, concerned, it has proven that the people Lothas, Changs, Sangtams, Phoms and living in Mokokchung in the past and many other Naga communities coming and present are always ready to take up any settling down in Mokokchung town. Today challenge for the future. Mokokchung has Mokokchung has grown into a vibrant produced a huge number of luminaries in multicultural and inclusive society. In order the field of Politics, Administration, to maintain peace and tranquility in the Education, Religion, Science & Technology, town we should prevent the citizens to Literature, Sports & Games and Fashion & adorn the face of racism in the society and Design also in the field of Beauty Pageantry destroy the outstanding record of this

78 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 etc. both in the State as well as in the The sole aim of making Mokokchung National level. I am certain that the next into a smart city is to provide basic core generation will be talented and ready to infrastructure and to provide a decent take responsibilities in wider spheres of quality of life to its citizens. It means that the activities in life. But, we need a better space inhabitants are provided with clean and and environment and one has to think sustainable environment and appreciation seriously in order to cope with the ever of 'Smart' solutions in all respect. The changing twenty first century requirements important elements in the smart city would especially in the context of globalization. include the following features: 1. Adequate water supply with The trend in which people are treatment plants. moving from rural to urban area, 2. Assured electricity supply i.e.24x7. Mokokchung could be heading towards 3. Efficient urban mobility and public double the population by 2030-40, the transport system. required population census for claiming a 4. Proper sanitation, drainage & solid waste management. metropolitan 'smart city'. In that manner 5. Affordable housing, especially for Mokokchung could declare this status in the poor section of society. another ten to fifteen year period. Not only 6. Efficient and reliable information does it have the required population but technology with digitization. also has a high literacy rate and also from 7. E-governance, i.e. good and efficient g o v e r n a n c e b y p e o p l e s the connectivity point of view it is participation. absolutely an ideal location. 8. Sustainable environment. At present Mokokchung Town 9. Safety and security for its citizens, t o u c h e s M o k o k c h u n g , U n g m a , particularly to women, children and senior citizens. Chuchuyimpang and Khensa villages. And 10. Good public health care system and to expand and to become a smart city we providing good standard education will require large tracts of land and as this to its citizens. land belongs to individuals of these villages 11. Better road connectivity, be it motor the Government needs to purchase them. roads or foot paths, side paths, parking lots, public parks and proper Thus, if the Government of Nagaland and landscaping etc. the Government of India could come The idea and purpose of a smart city forward to declare Mokokchung to become is to infuse sound economic growth and to a smart city and generously provide funds improve quality lifestyle of the people before this town takes up the challenge and through the development and technology. acquire the required area of land completely Through these efforts, there will be better free from any encumbrances our visions for avenues for wealth creation and economic prosperity for all the citizens of the town. a better Mokokchung will be realized.

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Also, let us remember, unless its citizens are excellent climate and beautiful scenery all smart the town cannot be smart. around, one could establish good health care institutions attached with hotel and The two main National Highways NH guest houses etc to attract people to come 61 and NH 155 intersect at Mokokchung and from the state and from outside and also this connectivity would be a great asset to bring patients from all over for treatment. the proposed smart city of Mokokchung from commercial point of view. Once There is a glimmer of hope that National Highway no. 155 is developed into Mokokchung would be wealthy and healthy 2 or 4 lanes it would create an international cosmopolitan city by 2040 if the people are corridor between South East Asian countries ready to take up the challenges in the true to the rest of India where Mokokchung can spirit and make the place zero tolerance for be made into a commercial hub in the any form of violence, making people feel Government of India's 'Look East Policy'. safe and the people cultured. Once the Besides, Mokokchung has many other entire infrastructure for Mokokchung 'smart advantages on its side. The National Power city' is put in place, along with the National Grid station is established in the outskirts of and International corridor established by the town which can be tapped for 24x7 making the highways become a reality, power supply in the city. The Nagaland many of our brethrens would like to come University is just 17 kms away from the town. and live in it to do business. Since India has Considering this advantage the University opened its economy to the outside world could be asked to start more subjects in one could see people from different courses which could be used for training our nationalities coming to Mokokchung to do younger generation in the field of tourism, joint ventures and invest their money in sof t ware development, food/fruit trade and commerce. In this scenario processing, skill development, fashion Mokokchung could also expect a large designing, handloom & handicraft, number of people flocking from South East hospitality services and many others which Asia and other Asian countries. The people would help benefit the youth in economic living in these regions have similar building of the State as well. mongoloid features, similar food habit and culture so, our Naga people particularly the Another very important venture for citizens of Mokokchung would feel quite at Mokokchung would be to opt for eco ease to mingle and comfortably work with tourism and health tourism. Eco tourism can them. Therefore, keeping all these aspects in be included in the following: trekking, our mind that we have our fellow men mountaineering, rock climbing, cycling, around us and that whatever we do in our boat sailing, snorkeling, rafting, para sailing, society it should be acceptable to all and not balling, jungle safari etc. On the other side only us. since it has been declared to have an

84 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

The Wealth of Mokokchung: How to enrich it?

By: M. Bendangnü kshi Longkumer

Wealth is considered as the measure of town was formed around four major an economy. When we look at the economy villages, namely, Mokokchung, Ungma, of our town, we cannot deny that it is a small Chuchuyimlang and Khensa. As such, economy which is in its growing stage. How people of these villages have the privilege to much wealth then, can we expect our town be called the “land owners” of Mokokchung to possess? What is the wealth that we town. How this poses a problem can be possess and how are we actually using it to ascertained by the fact that, these land enhance and enrich it? owners are not easily welcome to selling If we look at Mokokchung town and its their lands. This, in a lot of ways, hampers the people as a whole, we can safely attest that it expansion of business establishments and has the potential to grow into a major Government Departments. Also there are commercial town, if we tweak the mindset of lots of space within the town itself, which the people in general. Presently, all the can be utilized to set up small scale major business establishments, along with industries. But as mentioned, many the important Government Departments landowners are not very willing to sell their are concentrated at one specific area. Space lands. plays a major role in defining the wealth of a Human resource, we can consider, is town or city, and along with this, comes the one of the greatest wealth of Mokokchung utilization of space. Proper utilization of town. Be it musicians, artists, masons, space can only come with proper town entrepreneurs, we produce among the best planning. If not, the whole effort will be in the state. The problem with our people is pointless. We have come to 125 years since that though we have the talents and the the inception of Mokokchung as town, yet, skills, we do not have the proper training or the towns as we know is still the same, with professional degrees to enhance our skills very little development. When we say tweak and talent. Whatever little we know, we use the mindset of the people, we mean to say it to sustain oneself without looking that people should be more understanding beyond. If the people of Mokokchung and eager to see their town grow, expand realize their talents and skills, and if they can and develop. As such, they should have a improve and enhance it by attaining proper sense of willingness to help out in whatever t r a i n i n g o r t h r o u g h e x p o s u r e s , way they can. Mokokchung will have not only one of the We can consider that Mokokchung most talented but skilled personalities in all town is rich in land. However, Land fields of the society. ownership and sale of land pose a major Another thing that we notice in problem in our society. Mokokchung as a Mokokchung town is that, in terms of

81 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 business, the people want immediate major business enterprises well set up in returns for everything. We are impatient Mokokchung include FMCG, hardwares etc. people who dream too big. Now there is As mentioned earlier, Mokokchung has nothing wrong in dreaming big, but the the potential to grow into a major problem lies in the way we go about to commercial hub if proper measures are achieve these dreams. Running a business is taken. Mokokchung is bestowed with very like raising a baby. It has to be well planned good climatic conditions. The adjoining first. A business usually starts small, and villages have the potential of producing through hard work, it starts growing. We are agricultural products which can be supplied so blinded by the thought of earning quick to the neighboring districts. With proper returns that the first two stages are skipped o r g a n i z a t i o n a n d c h a n n e l i z a t i o n , which leads to the collapse of the business. Mokokchung can become the centre from While setting up a business, aproper where all agri and allied products can be research of the market should be made. distributed to the neighboring districts like Assessment should be made to determine Longleng, Tuensang, Zunheboto etc. If small the number of consumers and the number of scale industries and factories can be set up, suppliers and retailers. This is something that not necessarily in the town but in the our people should be aware of. Let us take an outskirts, we can definitely enrich the wealth example of the business scenario in of Mokokchung. For instance, if we set up a Mokokchung. Our people still prefer going Gas bottling plant or a food processing unit, to shops owned by non-locals on the pretext it will help in the generation of employment that they can be bargained with. This is true and in the development of our economy. We in a way. Suppose a person opens a hardware have the raw materials and the human store. Business is good, he earns a lot. Seeing resources to establish and set up various this, a lot of people will start opening small scale industries and factories, if only we hardware stores, which is good in a way, but can put our minds to work and push harder. sustainability is not researched properly. Such developments will directly help in the The market or the economy of our increase of one's wealth and also in the town is a salary based market. Majority of the development of the town's economy. The p e o p l e a re e n g a g e d i n e i t h e r t h e tourism sector is fast growing major industry Government sector or private sector. The in Nagaland. Mokokchung also has a lot of concept of enjoying monthly salary is prospect in this sector. Importance should dominant in the mindset of the people. As be given to the places that can pose as a such, a very low number of people are willing major attraction to tourist. The government to take the risk of setting up business provides fund for the development of enterprises. The market scenario in tourism but, we as individuals should also Mokokchung is such that there are no venture out and help in generating revenue industries at all. The market is dominated by through the tourism sector. suppliers and whole-sellers. Some of the

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Mokokchung is similar to Shillong in a development. As mentioned earlier, the lot of ways. But if we compare these two mindset of the people needs to change. We towns, we will see that Shillong is far more need to look beyond and not just be content developed than our town. The reason for with what we have. 125 years has gone past this is that Shillong has lots of good since the inception of our town, what major institutions and it is now considered as the developments have we seen? Looking at the educational hub of the north east region. business scenario today, it is growing no Similarly, Shillong also has good health care doubt, but in a very slow pace with no centres and has a well developed tourism prospects for wider economic development. industry. Mokokchung has the prospect of The economy is never stable. It is achieving everything that Shillong, as a always fluctuating. But we should see to it town has. If only we can utilize the funds that it does not drop beyond a certain point. allocated accordingly and if the problem of By 2040, Mokokchung should see greater land management is dealt with. improvements in the market facilities so that The people of Mokokchung, have it will lead to more division of labour been for years, living in unity and prosperity, increasing the employment opportunities, content with the little wealth that we have. which will lead to increase in per capita But we should understand that contented income, increase in profits, savings and people can never bring changes or investments, thus increasing the wealth of Mokokchung.

83 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

One Person, One Vote. (Role of individuals, administration, Church, Civil society, Candidates, Political Parties and Stakeholders)

Dr. Imlirenla

In 1992, a member of the Naga the community. (For instance, in the case of scholars' society observed, “whether the state Mizoram, the Mizoram People's Forum and of Nagaland is a constituent state in the Indian the Mizoram Presbyterian Synod came up Union or not, the present election system is the with public statements and election killer of Naga society; because they are guidelines and empowered the Young Mizo following an alien election system… the more Association (YMA) to serve as the foot it is delayed, the more the Naga society is going soldiers or watchdogs for monitoring and to be damaged beyond repair.” keeping the election environment under Over the past few years, we have issued control). We may come up with impressive excellent statements, provided trainings and trainings, resolutions, guidelines and slogans to promote clean election. Yet, we literature but all our efforts will go in vain failed to maintain peace and order, along unless we put a robust “check and control with an election process which is marked by mechanism” in the grassroots through the anti-social practices. We often lack two legs formation of “Election Foot Soldiers.” In the that is necessary to conduct free and fair Naga context, women are the best force who election. are committed and equipped to lead the election foot soldiers. Nobody can challenge Firstly, in order to maintain “One the movement that is facilitated by a bunch person, One vote”, we must collectively work of determined women. Let them include to nurture and set up active and committed committed leaders, men and interested team in all local units. Whatever name individuals in this movement. (election vigilance group; clean election volunteers; action group for free and fair Secondly, proper coordination election, election foot soldiers, etc) we may (administration, church, groups, civil society give this team, their role is to put into action can work independently but not in isolation. the resolution and policy of “one person, one These sectors should hold joint meeting and vote” by keeping vigil, monitoring and strategy sessions so that they can interact checking the election situation in all the local and complement each other. We will fail units. This team should be empowered to unless we work out a mechanism where we take action and execute justice to those who build on each other's strengths and pursue election malpractices. In order to do contributions). this authoritatively, without fear and in a way Roles of an individual and various that is respected/trusted by the public, they social bodies in conduct of clean election are should have the blessing or mandate from discussed below: the election working group and leaders of

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Individuals. Administration. · Do not misuse or ignore your precious · Strictly implement the Election vote. Commission guidelines. · Vote on the basis of the candidates' · Put in place confidence building integrity and vision. measures to encourage freewill · Maintain a single voter ID card. participation of people in election. · Avoid proxy voting. · Ensure adequate security for free poll. · Maintain secrecy in voting. · Do away with age manipulation. Church. · Refuse any kind of enticement if offered · “NBCC Clean Election campaign” should by candidates and parties. be supported with full co-operation. · Avoid misleading or misguiding a voter. · Enlighten people on Christ-like · The use of intoxicants and immoral leadership. activities should be done away with. · Contempt unhealthy election practices. · He/she should volunteer to pledge for · Preach and sensitize people on the long clean election. term benefits of supporting leaders who · Vote on the basis of the candidates' are willing to serve the people and not integrity and vision. themselves. · Must participate in election with Village Council. Christian ethics. · Local context resolutions to be adopted. · Should introduce pledge card system. · Do not propose and support any · C o n d u c t p r a y e r p r o g r a m s a n d candidate as the villager's candidate. counseling. · The council should see that no party · Prayer groups and church members c a m p s b e a l l o w e d w i t h i n t h e should restrain from taking advantage village.jurisdiction, except party office. during election. (in the form of · The council should strictly ban the use of monetary aid). intoxicants, gambling and any sort of · Churches should be centralized and social evil. approachthe concerned authority to · It should be made mandatory for every empower themselves and take active eligible voter to cast vote. participation, for conduct of free and fair · Facilitate free and fair poll for all voters in election. the village. · Church members(e.g.: Rev., Pastors, · Intending candidates should only be Deacons, missionaries etc) should also allowed to hold mass campaign to be included in monitoring the polling highlight their party manifesto so as to stations on polling day. stop personal canvassing by party members or candidate (e.g. door to door Civil Society. canvassing). · To avoid being a tool in the hands of · Strictly prohibit the slaughtering of politicians. livestock for the purpose of a public · Provide alternative and affirmative feast, in order to minimize expenditure. power leadership to the will of the people.

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· To check the marketability of votes. Step 2: Working groups will · To check the peoples demand of money produce and disseminate resources and and alcohol. vision document on “One person-one vote · Discuss and frame social sanctions for Movement”. politicians and parties indulging in Step 3: Call for collective people's unacceptable election practices. consultation and launch a people's movement by initiating public declaration Candidates & Political parties on key issues such as: a) No collective · Do away with polling boothscapturing. decision or village candidate; b) Zero · Avoid taking underground aid for tolerance to money). contesting election. · Avoid the use of alcohol & intoxicant. Some Effective Methods for Spreading · Avoid bribery and use of money. the “One Person-One Vote Movement” 1. Street plays, short drama, songs. All Stakeholders. 2. Video clippings, music video, SMS · Co n d u c t c o n s u l t a t i ve m e e t i n g, campaigns. workshops, awareness campaign, 3. Posters, pamphlets, banner-flex. seminars etc. · Empower the different sections of the Ways of Accounting for election society malpractices · Publicity · Working Committee should stand firm, bold and prophetic. They should Process for “One Person-One Vote rope in the support and blessing of Movement” different bodies (AoSenden, AKM, Step 1: Formation of working group Watsu, ABAM) but work objectively at the district, constituency, local level (they and independently. s h o u l d c o o r d i n a t e w i t h d i f f e r e n t · Implement the election guidelines stakeholders, assign responsibilities, strictly and without any bias. monitor progress, facilitate coordination · Use the art of nonviolent moral among the various actors, disseminate persuasion. resources/information). · Publicize malpractices through press releases, news reports.

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IF EDUCATION & PROGRESS ARE INTRINSICALLY LINKED, IS THE PRESENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION AND DELIVERY GOOD ENOUGH. IF NOT WHAT ARE THE SHORT COMINGS AND HOW CAN IT BE ADDRESSED (T. Imlitoshi Walling) Principal People's College Education in the traditional sense have always been the pioneer in the Naga existed orally from the times of our society and as long as we are united in forefather(in the Morung), in areas like bringing out mechanisms for a vision hunting, bamboo works etc. The advent of especially in the field of education we will the Christian missionaries introduced stand tall even in this global technological modern education to the Ao area or world. Mokokchung district. Rev.E.W.Clark & The present system of education no Godhula Babu, an Assamese started an doubt has shortcoming but it should be informal school at Molungyimsen village in understood that the system as it exists today 1878 and thereafter the school at Impur in has produced a large number of elites. As 1882 and from thereon we have excelled and mentioned earlier we should not be led from the forefront, the Nagas into the 21st complacent but root out the shortcomings century. The stride of progress we have in the system and address it, as well as bring achieved so far is tremendous but if we in new measures into the system which will remain complacent with our achievement, produce more elites from Mokokchung the lead created by our parents & town. Some shortcoming and the way to grandparents, which is an immense address it are discussed for a quality based blessing, will wane off, if we do not take e d u c a t i o n a l s y s t e m t o p r e v a i l i n appropriate measures. Mokokchung town. As we come to learn & know more of 1. ENGLISH MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION the modern traits and as we tried to fit in, TO BE SERIOUSLY IMPLEMENTED adjust and tried to live a modern The art of expressing/communicating competitive life, the educational leverage of one's knowledge & understanding as well as the Aos somewhat declined. If that leverage learning is transmitted/expressed through could have been maintained throughout English language as the medium. The and a combined effort was initiated to present day teaching faculty are all qualified impart competitive quality education, professionals, equipped with different Mokokchung could have become an professional trainings. Therefore I believe educational hub and thus economically that it is a matter of implementing the art of more vibrant in the present. speaking & writing English language very I am a strong believer that the Aos seriously from the primary level of schools.

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Yes it is known to all that the intake quality of communication technology project, different institutes vary and in certain connectivity being provided through Bharat institutes even basic communication is an Sanchar Nigam Ltd. Such avenues can be issue but if particular institutes can identify explored & pursued but more importantly the problem and give special emphasis like we the people should pressurize the state conducting additional language classes & G o v e r n m e n t t o i m p l e m e n t t h e s e even engaging professionals, then the issue programmes. can be brought to an acceptable level. 3. E X P O S U R E / I N T E R AC T I O N O F The 10th Annual Status Of Education STUDENTS/INSTITUTIONS IN DIFFERENT Report(ASER) 2014, released in January 2015, LEVELS depicts a worrying sign in terms of an all India Students right from the primary level scenario concerning the process of reading & upto the higher education should be mathematical abilities. Taking a cue from it provided opportunities and platforms to our performance level may be assessed. interact with students of other institutes and 2. I N T R O D U C T I O N T O even with students outside the town. The TECHNOLOGY/MASS MEDIA etc. institutions can plan occasionally such activities like academic exposures, sports In this technological age, it is a must meet , literary activities etc. Similarly for a child to be introduced to computers & classroom teaching can be structured so internet usage right from an early stage from that it provides opportunities for students to the primary level of education. No doubt work in small groups and use different certain institutions have incorporated such modes of communication like discussions, facilities but majority of institutes are lacking presentations, brainstorming etc. in this area. From an institutional point of view in The earlier a child learns the usage of the process of the interactions, various computers & Internet the more he/she weakness & strengths can be identified, becomes familiar with the technological which will be another step towards know how, they will be equipped with providing quality education. additional knowledge and this will certainly be an advantage in their future career. No 4. PRO ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN doubt that there will be negative impacts, EDUCATION BY LOCAL NGOs: but if we allow ourselves to be bogged Mokokchung town is a close knitted down by the negative impacts, the quality of structured society where various NGOs play education will be questionable. significant roles in different sectors. The In higher education, Government of NGOs are pre-occupied with their respective India under the Ministry of Human duties and been a voluntary duty will Resources & Development is providing free certainly feel overburdened but, I am of the internet connectivity, through the National opinion that, especially the various village Mission on Education through Information & unions existing in the town can play a vital

88 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 role in the educational sector. Though the identifying institutes to know its strengths unions may not be directly engaged with the and weaknesses but also propels the institutes, it can, especially during the institute towards innovative thinking and holidays organize educational programmes its adoption and gives the institutes a new among the respective members. Such sense of direction and identity. additional programmes, I feel will enhance Such assessment & accreditation the quality of education in the town. institutes exists in our system for both the 5. APPROPRIATE INFRASTRUCTURE & schools & higher education. However with FACILITIES SHOULD BE PROVIDED: the objective of excelling further it is opined that the institutes in the town maybe The Right to Education Act of 2010 subjected to another assessment by such an norms & standards needs to implemented institute/association/trust/etc, that exists in seriously. The state Government needs to be the area. For example the initiative which pressurized in providing the allotted w a s e a r l i e r t a k e n u p b y t h e facilities and funds in time. Mangyangnokcha Award Trust(MAT), which An educational institute is required to best knows, understands and has experience have numerous facilities apart from the in the town/state maybe entrusted. teaching/learning mechanisms. A short The process will incur huge financial coming noticed locally is the absence of expenses and towards it fulfilment, avenues proper libraries, which is an essential l i k e t h e Lo c a l Are a D e ve l o p m e nt element of an educational institute. Programme(LADP) and established An important shortcoming in our organization with sound finances like the system is also the lack in the variety of Kohima Ao Officertem Telongjem(KAOT) courses available. It is suggested that variety maybe approached. of skill development course as well as 7. ENGAGE ALUMNI/ROLE MODEL courses like the CBSE needs to be incorporated into our educational system. 8. T E A C H I N G FA C U LT Y T O B E Along with the incorporation of the new REFRESHED/ORIENTATED courses, the mind set of public in opting In conclusion it maybe mentioned only for Government jobs needs to be that the Government of India will be s e n s i t i z e d a n d t h i s w i l l o p e n u p coming out with a new Educational policy opportunities for the educated in many which may bring in new structures/ other public/private sectors. changes in the system. No matter what the 6. EVOLVE A ROBUST ASSESSMENT changes or structures maybe, we will be the SYSTEM LOCALLY: people imparting & executing it and as long as we remain dedicated & devoted to our Educational institutes world over is profession and always upgrading ourselves, subjected to assessment and accreditation. progress in our beloved Mokokchung town This has become not only a necessity in will be significant .

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Revitalising our Pioneering Spirit for Mokokchung 2040

K.Temjen Jamir

The other day, I heard someone make M o k o k c h u n g 2 0 4 0 , s h o u l d b e a n a passing reference to the Ao people as oppor tunity to revive the spirit of pioneers. Indeed, the word 'pioneer' gives us pioneering to make a better Nagaland. It is a sense of pride about the path-breaking only appropriate that we embark on this initiatives of the Ao people in spreading the journey from Mokokchung. good news of spiritual salvation through In fact, in order to enable and bring Christianity, imparting modern education about a desired change in our lives and in and promoting hygienic living standard society, we need to challenge the present among fellow Naga people. This is an mentality and nurture a new mindset that is undeniable fact. dynamic, accepting and inclusive in a However as I reflect over the title given changing world. The need for a new and to the Ao people as pioneers, I foresee creative mindset is the starting point of d a n g e r o f o v e r - i n d u l g e n c e a n d progress and development with clarity and a romanticization in past glories, without vision. assuming any responsibilities. This will As we imagine what Mokokchung slowly diminish the pioneering spirit, the ought to look like in 2040, it is a matter of a values of our elders, and the zeal to work 25-year plan to achieve and implement with dignity. This eventually will push us people's aspirations according to their backwards, rather than making us a forward needs. Therefore, what are our dreams for looking people. I must acknowledge, this Mokokchung? This question reminds me of trend is already taking place among the Aos, the former president of India APJ Abdul either knowingly or unknowingly. Kalam, who said that “Dreams are not those The tendency to claim ourselves as which you see in your sleep, dreams are pioneers is not a progressive mindset, nor is those which don't let you sleep.” it healthy. The over-indulgence and Keeping this in mind, it is essential romanticizing of our past glories has created that our dream for Mokokchung 2040 must a mindset of arrogance and a behavior that is make us wide awake and motivate us to no longer dignified. It is from this point of work tirelessly so as to realize our dreams. view that I point out the need for immediate This new mindset and zeal must awaken revitalization of the Ao pioneering spirit in with the dawning of 2016. both thought and action. Our dream for Mokokchung 2040 The art and act of Pioneering is a life revolves around the idea of a city that is time journey and the present discourse environmentally conscious, clean and a ro u n d a c re a t i ve i m a gi n a t i o n o f healthy; economically vibrant; educationally

90 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 progressive; connected with motorways; must be fairly compensated and above all, technologically savvy with state of the art must be utilized for the benefit of all. communication system; and a responsive A new understanding and a more health care service system. In other words, respectful approach must be taken if we the people of Mokokchung must take the Mokokchung 2040 is to be achieved. first steps to make Mokokchung into a smart city, rather than waiting for others to come We need to transcend our present and make us smart. It is the smart people mindset and allow a new independent and that makes smart city not the other way progressive outlook that has the courage to round. imagine beyond the narrow confines of our own village, constituency and range. The The dream of Mokokchung 2040 vision of Mokokchung 2040 demands us to needs to come from the people themselves, be interconnected with other towns and so that every citizen takes ownership of the cities in Nagaland as well as outside. It is in process and with equal zeal participate in supporting the development of other towns this endeavor. and cities, that Mokokchung will also be There will be many challenges along developed. the way. Therefore, the people, firstly, must This vision, however, must begin be able to visualize their dream city in their with small practical steps. For instance, the mental map so that they become partners in M o k o k c h u n g D i s t r i c t P l a n n i n g & the process and contribute towards making Development Board must have a master their city pleasant, clean, secure, healthy, plan for development of Mokokchung economically vibrant and politically stable. district as a whole and should be connected In order to make this dream happen and in-relation to other districts, first in within the next 25 years, it is important that Nagaland, and then with others. This will we broaden our outlook beyond our village, contribute in connecting Mokokchung clan and party politics. We need to embrace town with other places that will contribute a more cosmopolitan outlook that is in producing and importing sufficient pluralistic in nature and make ourselves power and water supply to city dwellers by accommodative and sensitive to the rights the year 2040 when Mokokchung becomes and needs of others. 150 years old. Keeping in mind the central value As of now, towns like Mokokchung and idea of collective responsibility, the and Kohima are in deplorable conditions. question of individual landownership They expanded with no proper planning should not create obstacles to the common and therefore having little or no scope of good of creating townships that will benefit road expansion and city extension and poor all the people of Mokokchung. Yes, the land drainage systems. Tall and huge buildings acquired by respecting due process of law, were constructed without any safety with the informed consent of the landowner, guidelines; public roads and lands are

91 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 encroached or allotted to the powerful and value to work for the people and to keep influential people. This is the sad state of public interest at the core of their vision was affairs. There is no space for recreational the most important feature. This is what centers. No space has been reserved and made them pioneers. Today, Mokokchung is developed for public park where elderly, what it is because of them. young people and children should have As we talk about the need to make quality time. The idea of public welfare and Mokokchung a modern city by 2040, we are common interest has become non-existent challenged to revive and strengthen that a n d h a s b e e n o v e r s h a d o w e d b y pioneering spirit, and at the core of this spirit, i n d i v i d u a l i s m a n d w a n t o n s e l f i s h we need values. Mokokchung 2040 must be indulgence. This, however, is not sustainable. based on values that have the public welfare It is time for us to realize that we cannot as its first priority. continue to live like this any longer. This is the main area of our mindset that needed I have no hesitation in stating that a immediate change. healthy and vibrant Mokokchung also means a healthy and vibrant Nagaland. This It is time for a new thinking where should be our understanding and our vision. public welfare and common interest must Acco rd i n g l y we n e e d to s h o u l d e r become the first priority. The dream of responsibilities and conduct our behavior in M okokchung 2040 is giving us an a manner that will help us realize this dream. opportunity to correct our mistakes and to The pioneering spirit demands a new think afresh with new ideas and new mindset and sacrificial attitude with values commitments. of the common good. Each and every one of When we think of Ao pioneers of the us has our own responsibility and past, many of them were ignorant of the contribution in fulfilling the dreams of world and did not have the kind of education Mokokchung 2040. that we have today. And yet, their central

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JUSTICE: INTEGRITY: DEVELOPMENT

Khekiye K. Sema, IAS (Rtd)

It ought not to be such a difficult moral leadership rest with the Church proposition for an average Christian to Leaders to treat the moral degradation of its understand what 'justice' and 'integrity' congregation in a focussed manner as a means. The Holy Scripture provide sample dedicated Doctor would treat his patient descriptions in fertile abundance. One apt with absolute commitment...but like definition of justice and integrity that can be everyone else our Church leaders too seem inferred from the Scripture is to:"Do unto to be suffering from the same afflicted others as you would have others do unto indifference as their congregation in their you" (Mathew:7:12). In plain simple inability to attend to this terminal ailment language it means that one must possess an being suffered by the Christian population inborn integrity (honesty) to be able to across the board. dispense this quality of justice on others. It Let me emphatically state that there is a amplifies the importance of integrity in a respectable percentage of decent God Christian life that spawns justice. With a true fearing people still alive in Nagaland... but "fear of the Lord" as "the beginning of our undoing lies in the good people of the knowledge" such an attitude can become a Church opting to inactively hibernate in part of a Christian character in us all but silence despite all the rot that has instead we the "fools despise wisdom and permeated deep within the social fabrics of instruction" (Proverb:1:7). The sad our Naga society. This has thus encouraged commentary of our reality today is that corruption to thrive with arrogance without Christianity in Nagaland is unfortunately accountability. The tendency of expecting beginning to appear more like a second rate others to act for a change while we as '17th Tribe' with depreciated integrity. The individuals either remain complacent or traditional Christian ethics and customary instead continue to participate in wrong Christian value system is fast fading from doings will never produce a desired change our routine dealings with one another. towards a just community. This indifferent Peace and harmony within any and irresponsible mindset needs a drastic given civilised community squarely rest wake up call. Each God fearing Christian upon the standard of justice and integrity needs to boldly stand up against the unfair that its citizens uphold. When 'Justice' and practices being committed right before our 'Integrity' are both admitted into the ICU, very eyes. Each God fearing Christian needs the moral health of the Christian to see the wrong being committed without community is bound to decline in an appraising the commissions through a equivalent measure of severity. Under the 'tribalistic' prism...if we want to create a present scenario, the onus of providing better world for the generation that will

93 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 succeed our passing. contesting political candidates mortgage their entire property and spend crores of While there is no utopian quick fix solution rupees to win an election. After winning, of wiping out the inherent baser human they fight amongst themselves to gain a instincts of greed and selfishness it is lucrative ministerial portfolio with the sole incumbent upon the Christian community purpose of recuperating their damning to endeavour not to make negative election investment by hook or by crook contribution by discarding integrity and with utter disregard for the existing rules deliberately participating in injustice. There and regulations. Many a bureaucrat, whose is no denying that as long as human beings primary duty is to provide technical inhabit planet earth, corruption will remain guidance to the political class about the an indelible scar no matter what magnitude rules and regulations, leave their ethical of input is made by the Church leaders to backbones at home before going to office alter the corruptive flow. Nevertheless, our and eagerly carry out irregular orders of the efforts must be directed towards ensuring Political Masters without question just so as that it does not go beyond rational limits and to harvest "cha pani" opportunities of their give chance for sustainable development to own in the bargain. Since both parties take shape. Democracy was conditionally (Politicians and Bureaucrats) are willing meant to be a boon for the civilised society participants in this Ali Baba tournament of provided one intelligently exercised one's f i n a n c i a l m i s m a n a g e m e n t , ' M r . rights and freedom with a sense of Accountability' the designated referee is responsibility. Unfortunately Nagas want to determinedly locked up in the isolation exercise their rights and freedom without ward far away from the playing field. In this responsibility. This has adversely resulted in context, fair deal justice gets compromised the successful creation of Frankenstein out by way of not following the regulated norms of democracy that is now wreaking havoc in transparently for the sheer purpose of our lives. personal aggrandisement. In the absence of The bottom line of the present day crippling integrity, transparency and accountability ... predicament of poor governance begins development becomes the first mortal with the defilement of our democratic rights casualty and has been on a ventilator in the by selling our votes during the election. ICU these past few decades. This cycle of Without doubt this is one glaring starting vicious reality is being replayed year after point of a vicious cycle that has seriously year, election after election... decidedly destabilised the governance system around taking the populace down the hill towards a us. Dishonesty, greed and ignorance is certain abyss... but who is complaining? Oh! playing a significant role in the selling of Ho! Pardon me...I certainly do remember one's votes both in the urban and the rural re a d i n g co n s i s te nt co m p l a i nt s o f sectors with poor understanding about the commuters in the local dallies about the disastrous consequence of one's action. The deplorable 'river bed', 'fishery pond', 'paddy

94 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 field', 'pothole'roads. Oh yes of course! I have Bureaucrats and the technocrats down to also read a great deal of complaints about the peons to the tune of 70-75 % from the f a v o u r i t i s m , n e p o t i s m , b a c k d o o r project fund. Thereafter, the contractor also appointments in almost every Government naturally does his best to earn as much Departments, non-existent Healthcare profit from the leftover which leaves hardly facility, rampant proxy teachers, NIL results 10% of the project fund to do the actual from the Government High Schools in the work. This compels him to use third rate class X Board Exams, non-payment of inferior construction materials to complete scholarship to students, complaints the semblance of work being done. about....if I am to list the entire field of Instances of repairs being carried out even complaints that gets reflected in the local before the completion of the work are not print media to prove a point, the organisers entirely unheard of occurrences. All these compiling the data may require at least a few are noticeable outcomes in a system that kilometres length of printing paper to lacks integrity and pay no heed to justice accommodate the list of complaints in every that acknowledges transparency or sector that is related to the State accountability. The lack of integrity in the Government. The point here is not very managers and the concept of justice and fair much to highlight the variety or the play being non-existent in the working quantum of complaints being expressed but system of a Government explain the kind of the utter helplessness involved in our roads we have or the sub-standard complaints! Granted that Mr. A complainant infrastructures that is in plain sight may not have sold his vote during the everywhere and there is nothing the public election and have a clear conscience while can do because of having sold their right legitimately voicing his public grievances. during the election. Wrongs can't be While saluting him for his conscious corrected because Mr. Accountability has expressions against the visible neglect of been sent on a long extended vacation roads by the department of Roads & Bridges abroad. That, Ladies and Gentlemen, is the the system of democracy is run by the will of reality we have silently lived day in day out the majority...in Nagaland context the will of years on end with complete complacency the 'vote selling majority' who have sold thereby affording corruption to flourish on a their rights to demand performance from fertile soil of indifference. In today's the Government. Another negative corridors of power, the exceptionally few consequence that has invariably been officers upholding honest governance are crippling is the quality of development referred to as 'fools'. This is the litmus test of being carried out by the Government a society that has contracted terminal Departments across the board. Even before ailment. the start of a project the designated In my humble opinion, our problem contractor pays heavy percentage to the is strictly a moral issue that has desperately Ministers/Parliamentary Secretaries/ gone off the rail and has critically impaired

95 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 our very existence in the absence of important key personals interacting with the Christian integrity and justice. It is therefore congregation 24/7...yet they are the most a primary responsibility for the Church neglected cadre within the Church leaders to pick up the challenge on a war hierarchy. Some are abandoned for over 20- footing to minimise perpetual destruction 3 0 y e a r s i n t h e s a m e v i l l a g e a n d being caused by dishonest Christians who consequently become a domicile resident of all belong to their congregation. This is an the village of posting. Such forgotten Pastors elementary truth that I believe the Church work just as hard in the 'kheti' as the next leaders need to acknowledge and address. cultivator for the upkeep of his family While financial concern is a universal because of being very poorly paid. The level phenomenon in order to keep the of commitment towards the mission service organizational management running, of takes a secondary status to his survival. which the Church is no exception, it is the Prayerful meditation to deliver an inspired extreme emphasis of focus in their quest for sermon becomes a distant duty that he has money that paints an unsavoury canvas. no time to give and yet the Church leaders Defiling the moral sanctity of the pulpit for expect them to perform miracles and money is a common visible occurrence in transform the congregation into a God most religious conferences. On the other fearing community. hand the indispensable nucleus infrastructures...the Pastors...suffer a life of This more or less sums up the picture of neglect in every sense of the word. Take a reality that we live in. Without integrity and justice, peace and development will find no dispassionate look at this problem: In the respectable place in the community. matter of faith, the Pastors are the all-

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Vision Mokokchung 2040 An Agri based development for economic sustainability

By Lanukaba Imchen

For the betterment of Mokokchung citizens and with the focus of “Vision Mokokchung 2040”, this article is to suggest some ways in which we can develop our economic sustainability in agriculture. As agri based development is a very vast topic, only the area of piggery will be highlighted in this article.

In Mokokchung Town: Weight Price per Kg Total sum (Live weight) Daily sale of imported pork. 3800kg Rs. 150 Rs. 5,70,000

30% of the imported porkdaily is estimated 1140kg Rs. 160 Rs. 1,82,400 to be local, which is consumed b y individual families and during various occasions.

Total expenditureof local and imported 4940kg Rs. 7,52,400 pork daily

Annually, (ex cluding Sundays, the number 1,18,1800kg Rs. 17,72,70000 of days comes to 311) total expenditure of imported pork is:

Annually, total expenditure of local pork is: 3,54,540kg Rs.5,67,26,400

Total expenditure of local and imported 1,53,6340kg Rs. 23,39,96,400 pork annually

As per the 2011 census, the total no. of households in Mokokchung is 8387. If each household could rear at least one pig in addition to what we rear presently, we will be producing another 8387 pigs. If we presume each pig weighs 100kg (live weight), that would total 8,38,700kg of pork produced locally per year. If we as a town can produce 8,38,700kg in one year, we could minimize the amount of pork being imported into the town by Rs 13.42 cr. The calculations are as follows: In Mokokchung Town Weigh t Price per Kg Total (Live Weigh t) (Rs cr.) Annual imported por k 697 ton Rs. 150 Rs. 10.46 Annual local por k 838 ton Rs. 160 Rs. 13.42

97 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

In our current position the local IMO(IndigenousMirco Organisms) economy is not as strong as it could be as we which can be made available from Nata are spending so much on imports. If we can Company, A.M.Road, Mokokchung, at a come together as a town and start reasonable rate. producing local pork as proposed, we can 3. As mentioned above, the feed in the improve the town's economic position as markets are adulterated and inorganic. the money will circulate within the local In order to successfully produce the market. We will also achieve self-sufficiency required quantity of pork, we need to and sustainability by 2040. locally produce the required quantities Problems we are facing at the moment: of organic feed. 1. Swine fever: This has become an The production of animal feed: annual problem, which results in the When we talk about the suggested scale of death of many pigs. local production of pork, we are also creating 2. Inbreeding(close blood relations): it a local market for animal feed. There are effects in their growth and causes several crops local farmers can cultivate to different kinds of problems, such as be used for the feed production. These are: her nia, less piglets and even 1. Tapioca cannibalism. 2. Maize 3. Lack of housing management 3. Soyabean 4. SkatoleIndole (foul smell) emitted 4. Mustard, etc. from the excreta of pigs. This can cause In order to produce the animal feed, h e a l t h h a z a r d s a n d c r e a t e the Contract Farming system or Buy Back m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g s b e t w e e n policy should be introduced to convince the neighbours. farmers that their products will be bought. 5. Adulterated and inorganic animal feeds available in the market. Proposal for preparatory period: Suggested remedies for these problems: To produce the required quantity of pork and animal feed locally, I propose a 5 1. Various training programs to build year preparatory period, during which aw a re n e s s a b o u t i n b re e d i n g, training and awareness campaigns should v a c c i n a t i o n s a n d h o u s i n g be conduc ted regularly. Af ter the management, should be organised completion of the preparatory period, I occasionally in order to avoid the propose a ban of the import of pigs from problems listed above. outside Mokokchung Town. 2. Foul smells can be controlled through One program, three economic activities: the application of Pirang. Pirang is a p r o d u c e t h r o u g h The mentioned proposal clearly indicates that there is a way out to generate some

98 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 economic activities which is beneficial to all we are creating opportunities for local partakers. farmers, entrepreneurs and individual households. We have the farmers who grow animal feeds such as soyabeans, tapioca and maize Most importantly the dignity of labour etc. There are some entrepreneurs who can i s e n co u ra g e d t h ro u g h t h e a b ove buy the farmers products, process them, mentioned proposal. This concept is not which will create more employment restricted to animal feed production or the opportunities, and transport the products to production of pork alone. It can also be the piggery farmers. applied to any other agricultural product. The money involved in all the three activities Thus, through the production of pork is rotating within the district only.

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Resurgence of Values in Ao Naga Traditional and Customary Practices, with Changes Where Necessary

Lendinokdang

Essentially, this write up may be systems were discouraged thereby made to termed and treated as an importance of discard. But before fully realizing the academic discourse being initiated by process of westernization we were left Mayangnokcha Award Trust under the alone to fend ourselves that too in a time caption, 'Mokokchung Vision 2040'. That when our culture is irreparably messed up. whatever is mentioned, negating This is how we missed the opportunity of somewhat the present day practices and gradual assimilations to modern cultures. usages, may be taken as food for thought. The Origin of Ao tribe: a modern Custom and convention governs the perspective. human existence, which is revered in all Almost all Aos are Christians today. times. A change in society is inevitable. Therefore, pertinently, let us go back to Every culture undergo changes, either origin of man which was created by God's unconsciously or basing on convenience. own hand in the Garden of Eden. To our Keeping in view for a vibrant society, few little knowledge, we could comprehend points of both retrospection and that God has an intention for setting Eden, a introspection of our value system is cutoff point for human curiosity so that highlighted. man does not seek its origination beyond Customary is not just about penalty. the Garden. This He knew and proscribed Every customary practice has its own end that it will only endear vanity. values. It is our moral obligation to discern Secondly, to instill the feeling of the applicability of its value in a given time oneness among all humankind, He had and environment. Any custom that negates given us the story of creation to be the common code of existence is bad. believed. Therefore, it needs change. The beliefs of Aos that we originated In the absence of clear norms from six stone at Chungliyimti. Wherein, conforming to the need of the time, social the present day Ao clans are observed to be disorganization takes place and to fill the squabbling over inclusion and exclusion in vacuum people tends to be scramble to the the emergence from the stone. So sadly, we almost obscure and discarded usages. Ours see a tendency which is pulling the Chungli- is a clear case of this. With the adoption of Mongsen towards a divide and conflicts Christianity via western culture, our value over the issue. If left unattended, the

100 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 polarization of this issue may result into values are somewhat attached to every vertical division of Ao society. Lots of folk lore. Why stones are made a witness? unnecessary debates are seen held under So that no one dare ever try poking over a the aegis of newly formed various once wisely resolved issue. But for a tribal platforms for the purpose, that too, by identity it is quite enough even to profess involving huge expenses. What a waste! with it. Haphazard researches by hair-splitting As for more relativity with the other twists of words are seen conducted by self similar races around the world, there are proclaimed intellectuals, hardly realizing simpler ways. Some of the present days so that they are trying to apply nonexistent called research findings which pointing scientific yardsticks over a mythical tale or our origins towards south East Asia cannot folklore. This will create more confusion be just enough. Because a day if the same than solving the jigsaw puzzle. No amount people comes here claiming our common of the so called scientific research can origin from our countryside, where will we meaningfully satisfy the superimposed send them? The earth is round! minds of the people by supernatural Need of Uniformity in Customary influence on all issues of origins. Practices: It is high time to divide our history of The Nagas of Nagaland are provided origin into two clear stages, viz, mythical with an article that guaranteed our rights and legendary. The likes of origination by Indian constitution to be ruled by our from six stones are something of mythical own customs. This is a legislative importance and kept. Because it is just a competency for us. Though it is provided, belief and nothing more. we never have given a sincere collective B o t h C h u n g l i - M o n g s e n effort to codify our customs and usages in phratries/groups has to be under equal these 52 years of statehood. It is a position and status under this category. neglected reality which hampers justice The philosophy of our ancestors, who system in our society. The factor behind is propounded the theory of single and that we were made to live in dream all common parentage of Aos, was perhaps, these years, the aspiration for a sovereign for solidarity of all Aos. nation. But with the dawning of the 21st S e c o n d l y, t h e C h u n g l i y i m t i century a change in the form of realizing civilization is to be accepted as reality, the facts is being seen. That we should be therefore it is legendary. Though there clear now to take care of the bird at hand were improvisations along with the time, than to worry for two in the bush. That we all customs and usages of our present days should make best use of the rights need be mindfully ascribed to that time guaranteed to us in the Indian constitution and civilization. Derivative meanings and till our dream came true.

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T h e p re s e n t d ays Ao s o c i e t y end, resorting to bullying is left the only witnesses a misconception over the values option in such time. Uniformity of custom of our customary and traditional practices and practices is the requisite of a civilized thereby resulting to gross misuse of it. Will society. Therefore early codification of it not pull us backward by some decades of customary practices is need of the day. rustic lives and traditional practices? Team comprising of experts in Custom can be understood as certain regular law, experience in customs, norms, static by nature which is reinforced reputed personalities in our society, writer by its uses over the time. Therefore many a and veteran politician are to be carefully times it is bound to be inconsistent with identified and assign the task to bring out a regular laws. comprehensive codification not through majority of vote but by means of correct A decision to impose a penalty made interpretation of customary practices by maneuvering a majority in a meeting (codified law that can maintain uniform does not qualify to be customary. It is system that puts together all time tested observed that most of the social sanctions practices that is acceptable to all. A we are carrying out today are done customary law is not enforceable as on the involving certain degree of floor date in adjudication). management which is devoid of customs and conventions. It is rather near to Demarcation of Jurisdiction: mobocracy. In given situations, debates Associations/unions are formed need be carried out with strict reference keeping their semblance jurisdiction to and adherence to the aged old conventions. that of Ao customary traditional Then only the imposition of possibly institutions. It is a wrong notion. Dilution uniform penalty could be made. of traditional institution will only lead to Imposition of fine in the form of confusions. Though the memberships in pigs/cows carries bigger meaning and those associations, (mungdang) are drawn value in our usage. The derivative end exclusively from the tribe, they cannot values of customary practices are almost have entitlement to use social sanction same but the degree of execution does not effecting the general population. Rather have uniformity. It varies from place to these bodies should be governed by their place or village to village. As for instant, in respective constitutions. Most often, these wrongs like thievery, defamation, murder, bodies keeps their own rules which are divorces, etc. a pig/cow are imposed as open-ended in nature and highly fines, whereas hard cash is realized for susceptible to various vices. As for similar offence in some other place. In a instance, a generally written rules read, dispute involving two villages, cannot 'the offender shall be served befitting decide whose usage to be adhered. At the punishments' If it is to be fittingly enough,

102 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 mention from the section of the law or Imposition of village suzerainty of custom should be directed or referred for one kind or the other over the townships its execution. Devoid of any directions located in the once traditional land hinders means just anything or nothing can come overall development and administrative within such ambit. As a result parading of processes. nakedness, severe flogging, heavy fines and Claims of royalty, ownership rights, many other wild and unimaginable ways levy of taxes etc. over the land which was are seen applied in many a times. This is once disposed by them is illogical. nothing but another way of taking the law Therefore such practices need be made at hand in the name of customary. Only the unlawful. The bonafide residents of the authorized and recognized traditional towns are responsible to take care of their bodies could arbitrate in any matter own welfare in consonants to the framed pertaining to customary applications. laws. Customs and traditional practices cannot be enforced in contravention to the Once certain area is allocated for fundamental rights of a citizen. extension of townships, it becomes sole subject of the urban administration. No Wrangling over the town vis-à-vis village hand/indifference in anyway be village jurisdiction: allowed to enter in such locations. As such, it is a boon in all count for the neighboring villages to have towns around them. Rather they should encourage and contribute for booming townships. Ours is a nascent society. We have came into contact with modern civilization few hundred years back only that it is quite a n a t u ra l p h e n o m e n a to w i t n e s s contradictions and confusions in certain aspects at this time. But all is not lost; we can still build a progressive society.

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In what ways our present mindset has to change to achieve progress and development at par with advanced countries?

Limalenden Longkumer

Often, various ailments combine to while development means change, growth produce one single symptom. They may or improvement over a period of time. have to be cured one at a time. But it is Progress is an on-going process while difficult to cure an ailment unless you development is the aftermath or effect of know what ails you. Our mindset is a set of progress. Progress is a part of development. b e l i e f s o r w a y o f t h i n k i n g t h a t From the politicians to the bureaucrats determines our behaviour, outlook and to the leaders and the ordinary citizens, mental attitude. We cannot change our almost everybody talks about progress and mindset without upsetting our belief development in Nagaland today. But what system. We cannot change our way of d o t h e y m e a n b y p r o g r e s s a n d thinking with a Fixed Mindset. We cannot development? How do they define these build a Growth Mindset without two pleasant words? To my observation, the dismantling our Fixed Mindset. Naga idea of progress and development is shaped by the images ingrained by the It is not in the scope of this three-paged media into his subconscious, a media driven p a p e r t o p r e s e n t a n i n - d e p t h a n d by consumerist and globalist interests. The comprehensive analysis of the question at Naga mind is perpetually bombarded by the hand and offer solutions thereupon, for want globalist media with consumerist images of of space. The views expressed in this paper may 'progress and development' and are trained therefore be considered as a compendium of into believing in everything and anything the writer's larger opinion on the question the media tells them. As a result, false posed. aspirations and misplaced optimism guide It is frivolous to think about achieving their minds into making wrong decisions. progress and development at par with When these wrong decisions deliver advanced countries. Not that we cannot unwanted results, the destabilized Naga achieve progress and development but just mind consciously concede defeat and that we are too different to be measured accepts inferiority thereby internalizing the with the same standard par. Perhaps we false conception that 'progress and must first of all understand what we mean by development' is not possible in Nagaland. progress and development. Progress and The mind being imprisoned by the media development, even though often used and delusional now, he continues to look up interchangeably, are two very different to the images of 'progress and development' terms. Progress is the process of developing, in the 'advanced countries' and start

104 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 d r e a m i n g a b o u t p r o g r e s s i n g a n d defines us. Our being is of our culture. developing at par with them. The untranslatable Sobaliba is being I would argue that the question posed hijacked by modernism, consumerism as the topic of this paper itself is a product of and selfishness. Sobaliba is being this delusion. By our own ingenuity we must hijacked and misused. We must progress and develop this God apportioned reclaim, restore and refine it in tune land. There is no question about changing with the times. A case in point is our present mindset to achieve progress and landowners parting with their development but not necessarily “at par with property for common good for a advanced countries.” We are unique. We are reasonable compensation. Back then, different. a n i n d i v i d u a l l a n d ow n e r w a s obligated to part with his land so the Given below are a few suggested ways community could construct a road for to change our present mindset so as to the benefit of all. Encroaching public achieve progress and development: properties was taboo. Once an 1. Shaking off the Cultural Cringe: We individual has sold his plot of land to have somehow internalized an another, the former had no right inferiority complex that is causing us whatsoever to retain any claim over to dismiss our own culture as inferior that plot of land. What is the situation to that of other peoples/cultures. today? Our Sobaliba is being hijacked Many Naga youngsters now have a and this must be stopped even if it misplaced feeling of embarrassment. means breaking some rules. For instance, many young Nagas take 3. The need for Metapolitics: To pride in saying they can't speak or approach the challenges facing us understand their own language! This today, it is not enough to look back at cringe, whatever its causes may be, our culture or react only to the real or must be shaken off. The Naga must perceived causes behind the decaying become unselfconsciously and of our culture. We need to engage in unapologetically Naga. There are metapolitics. Metapolitics affects and times when we need to take a step shapes our thoughts and worldviews. back so we can take a big jump Metapolitics can be used as an forward. Now is one of such times to instrument for changing our mindset. take a step back, embrace our culture Metapolitics is more than just a and shake off the cringe. metalinguistic talk about politics. 2. Reclaim culture, stop the hijack: Our Metapolitics can help us identify the culture may not be perfect but which context and causes of the situation in culture is? Time tested, our culture is which we find ourselves, analyse them, what best suits us and we are here and then act in accordance with the today because of what our culture is. It conclusions we reach. What we need is

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thus metapolitical thought and minute of the day. We are trained to action. The success of Survival believe in their 'news' and accept their Mokokchung movement can be information as the truth. The largely attributed to metapolitics. mainstream media today are owned by corporate houses with vested 4. Growth Mindset, not Fixed Mindset: business interests and they do not According to experts, there are two carry the stories that go against their kinds of mindsets, Fixed and Growth. interest. Worse, they concoct stories In Fixed mindset, people believe their and deliver them as 'news' to further basic qualities, like their intelligence or their agenda. This is why we need local talent, are simply fixed talents. They alternative media, a media that differ spend their time documenting their from established or dominant types of intelligence instead of developing media. Mainstream media on the them. Striving for success and whole represent government and avoiding failure at all costs become a corporate interests. Eg. Our local way of maintaining the sense of being dailies are splashed with headlines smart or skilled. A Growth mindset, on sourced from globalist mainstream the other hand, thrives on challenge media. and sees failure not as evidence of unintelligence but as a heartening 6. Small Town Mentality or Small town springboard for growth and for syndrome is when people's thoughts stretching our existing abilities. In a are limited by a mental box - the lesser Growth mindset, people believe that the knowledge of the outside world, their basic abilities can be developed the smaller the box. This often through dedication and hard work. happens. Not everything about small This mindset creates a love of learning town mentality is bad but such and a resilience that is essential for tomfoolery on our part to live and great accomplishments. Eg. Our Fixed think within the small mental box is mindset conditions us into believing suffocating. Eg. Our roads are as that we are not good at math or that narrow as our minds. Our service we cannot do business. A Growth delivery system is as mediocre as our mindset is needed to debunk this false mind. premise. We have students securing 7. Acquiescence:If we accept and cent percent in math exams and we acquiesce in everything, then we are a l s o h a v e v e r y s u c c e s s f u l the problem. We must teach our businessmen. children to question everything. We 5. Alternative Media: As pointed out must teach them how to think, not earlier, we are bombarded by a what to think. We must teach globalist, consumerist and often ourselves too. When we acquiesce to biased 'mainstream media' every the powers that be, we make sheeple

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out of our people. repercussions or whatever. Fear puts 8. Awareness:The first element of the mind to sleep. Some people with change is awareness. We can't change altruism bias were also opposed to the something unless we know it exists! idea of evicting illegal immigrants. We must wake up, take cognizance of They were not aware of the threats the situation we find ourselves in and posed by the parasites. Pathological act upon in. Survival Mokokchung altruism shut down their intellect. campaign is a good example here. We 9. Accept the truth, face the problem, became aware and therefore change and overcome it. No pretences, no was made possible. (Refer The need hypocrisy, no political correctness. for Metapolitics above). It would not Eg. Accept the truth that Prohibition is be realistic to expect every single a failure. Shed the cloak of self-denial member of society to be made aware, and face the problem – either drop the though. But if a recognizable number idea or tighten the screws. of individuals awaken and identify 10. what needs to be changed, we can make things happen. Taking the instance of Survival Mokokchung The 10th point is left to the reader. What again, there were sheeple who would you suggest to change our present opposed the movement out of fear for mindset? [The writer is a Journalist by profession]

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The Role of Churches in Mokokchung in the Making of a Society Based on Christian Values. A paper presented on the occasion of 125th celebration of Mokokchung Town, Dr. Lulen Jamir

As Mokokchung celebrates her 125th neighbours as ourselves. “On these two years of existence, I heartily congratulate her commandments hang all the law and the denizens and wish her greater glory as a city prophets.” cf. Deut 6:5; 19:18; Matt. 5:43-45. It where mankind may experience bliss. is this value that the church is called to It is indeed great wisdom at this propagate in the world. This is the basis of juncture to look for a definition of value for diaconal service of the church. her in the church, being a predominantly Social system is the teleological Christian society. At the outset, I would like expression of a belief system that lies at the to remind ourselves that any religion-based core of a society. So when we talk about value may not be taken wholesale knowing value, we are talking about belief system that great injustice have been associated which defines its values. In other words, we with the religious per se throughout history. can say that 'religion' (believe or non- Therefore, it is pertinent for us to get to the believe) lies at the core of value system of a core of Christian value system to avoid community. So, as we believe, so are we. Our drawing any value inferences from religious belief is expressed in our character; our fervour or sincerity without understanding character is expressed in our behaviour, our its root. behaviour is expressed in our society; our The church maybe understood as an society is expressed in our culture, our institution, an entity and as a community of culture is expressed in our political system. believers transcending denominations and So the way people live is the demonstration that the sum is always greater than the of their culture, not that culture express their whole in her life and deed. The church is way of life. Therefore any structural change called to be 'the salt and light' of the world to society is best affected from its value not as a duty but as reason for existence. This system. It is a fallacy to believe that is the burden of the church in society today. 'structural sin' is the source of social evil, because social structure is created by the The greatest Christian value is defined people. This erroneous believe in 'structural by Jesus in Matthew 22: 37-40: putting God sin as the source of evil' comes not from first in ever ything, and loving our Biblical teaching but from humanism which

108 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 declared 'man as come of age' with an propose to do that? ideological solution for a depraved society The church must address the issue at with the slogan 'knowledge liberates'. But the core and basic unit of society, that is, the what does the Bible say? “Many shall run to family as the basic unit and the individual as and fro, and knowledge shall be increased,” the core of society. Perhaps it is well for us to Dan 12:4, and “For in much wisdom is much understand, however deficiently, that God grief; and he that increaseth knowledge created the family, the government and the increaseth sorrow,” Eccl. 1:18. Here is the church as primary communities and that the solution, “Wisdom is the principal thing; resultant communities are the various therefore get wisdom: and with all thy societal organizations that constitutes our getting, get understanding” Prov. 4:7. society today. Knowledge without understanding only On the individual level, the church's increases sorrow, the solution lies in primary functions are evangelism and understanding. To that depth, the church discipleship, for we are called to be His must address herself for a Christian value disciples. based society. On leadership level, the church must Knowledge that liberates comes from emulate servanthood leadership, for Truth, Jn. 14:6. A basic believe in Jesus lies at diakonia has to do with serving not ruling, the heart of this knowledge which requires a and shepherding, not lording over. This is renewed mind able to comprehend, test, our leadership paradigm for a Christian and understand that which is “good, and society. acceptable and perfect will of God'” Rom 12:1. The result will be “your bodies a living The crisis of our Naga society today is sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God which is the church's inability to correlate value with your reasonable service.” This is what the ethics in existential level perhaps because Bible mean by “putting God first” in life and we talk about right and justice in the same deed. Its not just our soul, (again, a Greek breath in the democratic sense. Biblical dichotomy!) but our body as sacred or holy. category is about truth and justice; ´right´ originate from God's righteousness not from Fo r t o o l o n g t h e c h u r c h h a s majority will. This is where justice maybe emphasized upon belief, the saving faith in found. ´Right´ as defined by majority has led Jesus Christ, at the expense of deeds, us into ´human right´ where we look for putting belief into practice. Because believe justice in our search for human dignity. Yet alone is not enough, Js.5:19, we must put our this ´right´ is subjective in nature as we can believe into action. Jas 2:17, 26. The time is see that what is right for one may not be ripe for the church to address herself at the right for the other, what is right for women praxis of her teaching. And how does she

109 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 may not right for man, what is right today centric as an institution and Christ centric in may not be right tomorrow, and so on.A life and deed. The present trend of professedly Christian society may not be institutionalization of the local church as a established on such fleeting and changing legal entity must be balanced with people values. We are called to establish our lives centric association and her mission. This is and society on the truth whose value is same where one of the most serious failures of the yesterday, today and forever the same. This is church in society lies. It has led the church to where justice maybe found. This is where the define mission as duty and spirituality as church´s industry lies, and the need for God religiosity. The result is what we see in our fearing people endowed with a renewed society today – the local church doing all mind understanding God´s will. Our ethics kinds of ´right things´but her believers doing must be truth based, not right based as we all kinds of ´wrong things´ simultaneously. see above. And the irony is the church´s seeming inability to ´rein in her believers´ so to say. It is The issue of human dignity lies not in also leading the local church to enriched ´democratic right´ as define in western herself materially at the expense of her poor democracy today, but in ´the image of God´ believers as believers are asked to do who created male and female. So equality everything for the local church and the local does not cancel out functional difference church does very little (to say the least) for between man and woman. The greatest her believers life here on earth! This is a threat from ´right´ is the confusion between failure of her shepherding function, a result function and wilful desire. The church must of misconstruing Christian leadership as do well to address this issue seriously at this leading at the expense of diakonialfunction. juncturebecause it strikes at the heart of So reformation must start in the church biblical value of society, the institution of otherwise there is the danger of believers family basic individual identity. There is also leaving the church, and perhaps the the danger of the church finding herself in Christian fold as well. the uncomfortable position of defending terrorists and inadvertently help turning To follow this up further, another justice into travesty of human whims and aspect of society the church must address is fancies. the area of morality. Individual right based epistemology has resulted in redefining Another effect we find today is moralityto such extend that the sense of functional value of our society being shame has virtually disappeared from replaced by individual right that has erased society and the concept of sin has been our age old value of respectwhich is also a rationalized and virtually everything and very much biblical. every deed has become acceptable! That's The church herself must be people

110 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 why people's tolerance of corruption has The challenge of the church today is to risen, and I dare say the church's too. Can the bring a qualitative value change in people's church say ´No´ to unknown source of lives in a runaway globalising world of a income or contribution? The church is a faith tribal society. She must address the issues in based venture but not ´donation´ based the epistemological and ontological level venture (if we may say so). Is the church strategically so that her teachings can be willing to accept and relook at her obsession easily manifested in day to day lives of the with material wealth and societal status people. Then I believe, we can have a truly consciousness? Our by-word of ´this is the witnessing church shepherding her world´ is an admission of our inability to believers in particular and the society at correlate the church with the society. This we large. May God bless Mokokchung. must address, knowing fully well that in a [The writer is former Secretary Church world deemed with varied religious values & Missions ABAM, a motivational speaker and secular free thinking, we are striving to and a resource person at seminars and bring a seeming beneficial change to the workshops, he is in full-time ministry] society we live in. The call is for the church to be the conscious of the society.

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Selected sports that Mokokchung can focus on, and produce Olympians before 2040- reference to Infrastructure, talent spotting, grooming and support.

Meren Paul T.

Background of art infrastructure, sports health and Looking on to Mokokchung Vision sports medicine. 25 years ahead is a long 2040, contemplating to produce an period of time and if proper scientific Olympian in the field of games and sports, planning and sincere efforts are made with Mokokchung do have a history of producing adequate financial back up, it is possible to an Olympian 67 years ago when Dr. T. Ao produce Olympians even within 15 years captained the Indian Football team to the time. 1948 London Olympic Games. Let us look Sports back and introspect whether it was sheer As sports are highly specialized today, luck or par excellence in isolation with we should carefully study the type of sports potential and talent that way back in the to be adapted in our place that will be forties T. Ao (Dr. TalimerenAo) played suitable to our people in relation to our football for the Mohan Bagan Athletic Club physical structure, endurance, potential and Calcutta (Kolkota) and eventually Captained aptitude. In sports like basketball, volleyball, the Indian Football team to 1948 London height above 6 feet is the dominating factor. Olympic Games. One of his teammates Mr. But in most of the sports height does not Mewalal, who played center forward dominate the game but the type of muscles position told us in 1970 in a football clinic, fiber plays very crucial roles. There are 640 lamenting that while the Indian team played muscles in the human body. The muscles are bare foot, all the European teams played generally classified into Type I fibers and wearing football boots thus it was not only Type II fibers. Depending upon the type of disadvantaged but very difficult for the bare muscles, different individuals can perform footed Indian to match the booted better in different type of sports. For Europeans. The Indian Team was knocked instance, Type 1 fibers endowed muscle out by France 2-1in the first round yet it athletes are better at marathon and bicycle attained the highest position ever achieved for hours, Type II b fibers, sprint type of races in football. Indian players were not etc. accustomed to wearing football boots whereas it was introduced to European Identification of sports disciplines for football years ahead. Today, all sports and Mokokchung games are highly subjected to scientific As we are talking in term of producing application in terms of material boost, state Olympian we should very carefully try to

112 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 identify the human genes of our body to opponent of your own weight category and which type of the muscles fibers our body not like David and Goliath. belong and chose the right type of sports During my interactive discussion with attribute. Besides the type of muscles fiber, some of the boxing coaches, one of the physical structure of good height is required expert gave a remark that “your boys have in game like Volleyball, basketball, sprints lot of resilience, they do not get knocked and short and mid distance run, high jump, down even after receiving repeated hard long jump, triple jump, hurdles etc. In punches” It amply indicates that our boys sprints and short distance running, quick were not properly coached, prepared for the leaps and long strides are required to cover competition but we have the natural talent the given distance at the shortest time. For and potential. Another coach remarked that shot put, hammer throw, weight lifting and our girls are good for boxing (sports) as they javelin, muscular arms and legs and broad are not locked knee. It may be termed shoulder/chest are required as these are unscientific, yet very practical element that sheer muscle power games. we possess smaller target area of body It is seen in the state Govt.'s run state which is also a plus point in contact games. Sports Academy Dimapur that not a single Contact game also has the advantage of national champion is produced in the short spell of rest and counsel between the Academy during the last 40 years (since its bouts. Contact game also award two bronze inception) in track and field events. This medals to the semi finalist instead of play off mostly indicates that our muscles fibers are for the 3rd and 4th position. not suitable for track and field events. We should also take individual games Besides, tracks and field events sports are like Archery, Shooting, Badminton, Lawn not marketable in the same level with game Tennis, Rowing, Bowling, Gymnastic, Weight events. Although our muscles type is not lifting etc as single individual performance clinically tested, we may have slow twitch of excellence can take one to the top but in a muscles fiber and may be suitable for long team event such individual excellence alone distance run like marathon. may not lead the team to success. Archery We can also take a cue from the other and shooting are two areas where we can Mongolian origin like Chinese, Japanese, focus. Although Archery and shooting is not Koreans, Indonesian and Malaysians etc introduced till date in Mokokchung (very with whom we have similarity in physical recently Aries rifle club has been structure/stature and adopt contact games established) and has not yet picked up the of Olympic disciplines like Taekwondo, game by individual due to high cost of Boxing, Judo, Wrestling(wrestling is in the equipment (bow and arrow, precession list of dropping from 2020 Olympic games) rifle/pistol) and want of practice shooting Fencing. The advantage we have in the r a n g e , y e t w e c a n r e c o g n i z e t h e contact games is the weight categories marksmanship of our people, where even where you get a chance to play with an very small birds are also shoot down by

113 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 using crude Air Rifle. This is natural talent program to build academy in our place. The which needs to be trained under the Govt. of India shall also have no dearth of sporting rules and requirement of the game f u n d to o p e n a S A I s u b ce n te r a t to develop endurance and consistency to Mokokchung under Advance Area Game hone their talent. Of late, some of our Naga Development scheme. youth are doing well in Lawn tennis as the Talent Hunt first generation player. Tennis is not an expensive game to develop but is at the top Of the many debatable issue in sports of the marketable sports in the world of today (or in life, for that matter) few are prize money game. unanswerable as issue of “Nature versus Nature” the notion that people are born Football is a very popular game and champions or made into champion through majority of our youth prefer to play football hours of hard work. In another words, “born but to build up a good football team of versus bred”, “natural talent/ability versus equally good 16 players would be too works and trainability”. Actor Tom Cruise difficult in our context although we conjure said, “ I'd say talent is the natural ability you the name of T. Ao to be a talent indicator are born with. You need a combination of inborn in our blood. Football may however talent application in order to utilize the be continued being the crowd puller, talent properly. Talent is genetic, things like hoping in the course of process if stray fast twitch muscles and coordination are individual excellence would spring up. natural, and cannot be learned. Good genes Infrastructure mixed with dedication and circumstances Keeping in mind the objective of not make great athletes. only to produce Olympians but also Former Sports writer turned Sports Olympic podium finish, we have to build the Researcher, David Epstein however have a state of art modern infrastructure which totally different view. He says 10,000 hours of includes Sports Academy, Stadia, Sports effortful practices is both necessary and clubs etc. Infrastructure is one area without sufficient in almost everything before you which the best talent can simply go waste. are 20. Trainability is the ability to respond Some High school/higher secondary school well to certain training. should be selected to attach the students of Having all the pre-requisites, the most the sports academy for their formal learning. important and the last element required is Infrastructure should be in situ with playing cultivation and inculcation of sports culture arena, green room, running track, gym, of dedication and strong disciplines of the sports medicines, swimming pool, doping individual. It is found mostly in the test, counseling as complete paraphernalia. communist countries where they takes away If we can prove our talent with performance, the children from their parents at the age as we can find some Corporate Houses under young as 6 and 7 years old and put under Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) strong disciplines and training regimen and

114 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 run the institute like a sports factory instead NGO/Sports Associations as Govt. do not of sports academy. Many countries conduct any Senior Championship directly. disapprove such practices as cruelty to Nurturing of senior/ national/ international children on being completely depriving of players are through clubs and associations their childhood. In our place, unfortunately all over the world and not by the Govt. talented promising players very easily gets departments. We should cultivate/develop carried away with the initial success sports club culture for the particular sports euphoria and become victim of vices finally we chose to promote. Our main problem ending up in oblivion. There is no short cut in however is lack of sponsors and promoters in sports but hard work, dedication and a situation like ours where the population is determination only can take you to the top. too small to support number of disciplines, Sprinters slogs on 15 long years just for 15 devoid of commercial activities worth seconds spurt performance. reckoning, zero industrialists, etc. Talent hunt should begin at the age of The present method of coaching applied in 9 to 12 years from all around the villages and the state in all sports discipline is that the the towns through road show conducted by same coach trains the athletes from sub- the Sports Departments or the Sports Junior to senior level as there is no working Associations and spot the talent before the plan of stage by stage development of children develop wrong application of athletes by the sports academy of the state techniques on their own. In this sub-Junior Govt. neither by the Associations/ clubs. level they may not be subjected to heavy Teaching of basic fundamentals, honing the routine of practice but from the Junior age talent and polishing the players are three group they should be put under rigorous distinct stages of development of an athlete training and should be put under an where coaching at different level of age academy. group by different level of experienced coaches is required to take a player to the top Grooming and support ranking position. Training in Basics fundamentals are While Sports will continue to be a pass imparted in the sub-junior level but from time and as exercise for keeping good health junior level upwards, advance technique that does not require sophisticated stadia and tactics, court craft training and exposure and gym, the marketable sports and trip in invitational championships are Olympic podium finish objective should essential to hone their talents and develop transient to much higher ground with all tournaments temperament, mental attitude seriousness to be practical and attainable in and competence. The sports Academy can reality. take care of the Sub Junior and Junior but from senior level, the players should be [The writer is an ardent all round sports taken up by Clubs and Associations. person, and former Transport Commissioner, Although Govt. may sponsor and run Nagaland. He is also the Vice-President of academy but all national and International Nagaland Olympic Association, President competitions are conducted through Nagaland Boxing Association.]

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MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Moa S. Longkumer

My vision of Mokokchung 2040 is Nagaland statehood was achieved. f a n t a s t i c j u s t a s my m e m o r i e s o f Electricity came to town only in the mid- Mokokchung of the 1950s are nostalgic. My fifties in the form of a noisy diesel generator earliest memory of Mokokchung was the which provided light for a few hours to early fifties. Past-tense first in a nutshell: selected places only. The present NST There were hardly half a dozen of vehicles in building was a big stable with a touch of town - all jeep of Fords and Willys. There was rustic odor where scores of horses and a huge banyan tree in the center of the mules were kept by the Assam Rifles. Variety present police point traffic island under shows and concerts were held in the open which shade the weekly bazaars was held air in this town square particularly during every Wednesday morning. The present DC the Christmas and New Year. Then came the office area was occupied by Assam Police great deluge in the form of the occupational battalion and a police lock-up was attached Indian Army and the entire scenario to it near where the present Law College is changed dramatically. The once calm and situated. We studied at the Assamese sleepy town had lost its tranquility forever. Medium LP School situated just above the The rest is history. Mother Church now occupied by PWD Anyhow, Mokokchung was beautiful offices. The Mother Church was then held at right from the beginning. Its topography, its the present Dilong School site. Later the landscape and its salubrious climate are school was shifted to the place where Dilong quite appealing. Nature has given us good School stands now. The town roads were things but we are spoiling it due to our graveled and dusty but broad enough shortcomings. without any encroachment whatsoever. Modern civilization is on the verge of Piggeries and diaries were practiced in the its culmination. Everything is moving so fast. open and septic tank toilets were non- T h e e c o n o m i c p a c e h a s b e c o m e existent yet the town was comparatively incomprehensively fast due to various clean as there were no commercial junk and technological advancements. Things are garbage strewn around. Evening walks were becoming more universal. People started particularly pleasant as there were no thinking globally. It is time for a paradigm hindrance of traffic in the streets and the air shift in our thinking too. Think globally, act was clean. Imagine there were not even a locally. Discard the old mindset imbued by hundred vehicles in town when the

116 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 our primitive thinking. Yes, we can envisage of existing infrastruc ture and the Mokokchung 2040 with floors and floors of obsolescence of its machinery in this fast parking facilities with all the latest changing world. Where do we stand now to technology, spacious shopping arcades, face this massive challenge of vision 2040? multiplexes, luxurious hotels, museums and Surely Mokokchung is blessed with a art galleries, parks and gardens, sports centrally placed location with excellent road arena, excellent healthcare and educational connectivity (though not qualitatively) and institutions with research centers, cleaner with close proximity to the University which walkways, public sanitation and even is an added advantage. We can even foresee funicular trains. All these and more are several satellite townships around the town achievable. We might have economic in a couple of decade's time. Though located problems, political problems, social in the Ao country it has a cosmopolitan problems and other related problems but if composition which only adds to the town's we are determined to change our mindset, advantage. Of late, we also notice an influx of our attitude and our way of thinking our Eastern Nagas into the town which adds to vision can turn into reality. But for this we the town's population substantially. must first discard the "I, me, myself' mindset Remember that they are from the lower and eradicate the cancer of corruption. economic strata in pursuit of education or Whose town is it, anyway? It is your own employment. Treat them as they are your town just as much as it is my own. We must own. Everybody can contribute in their own create a sense of belonging in the public way. We should take a firm secular stance so m i n d s e t — a s e n s e o f b e l o n gi n g that no minority groups are stranded. The collectively. church has also got a big role to play in the Why is everybody talking about the development of the town in their own way congested streets and extremely narrow where we need not interfere in their affairs. lanes when none of us wants to give away As such, we must not allow the church to an inch of our land. The only next idea in our come in the way of our endeavour which is brain is compensation in a superlative for the good of all with a broad secular degree! Surely this attitude will not go far. outlook. Now, before mak ing an utopia of Coming to the mindset point again, it Mokokchung, let's get back to the bottom would do a lot of good if the planners and of reality. The primary infrastructure first: leaders could create some awareness the water, the light, the road networks etc. programmes to educate the citizens and Without these no development is possible denizens of Mokokchung and teach them whatsoever. And imagine the present state the sense of belonging collectively. There is

117 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 no one-track way to change the public have works to do. Don't try to ape or emulate mindset but there are ways to make the Delhi or Mumbai. Instead the planners individuals change their attitudes gradually would do well with study visits to hill towns with the change of wind. like Darjeeling, Shimla, Nainital, Mussoorie, Mokokchung may not be able to turn Ooty etc. Better still, they could tour places into a smart city in a span of 25 years but it like St. Moritz, Davos, Merano etc in Europe! can surely become a little-big smart town Nothing is impossible. We only need a with every conceivable modern amenities. renaissance in our thinking and a revolution Why do we have to go to other towns and in our action. Then we can see our visions cities for education, health care etc. Instead, happen in reality. Only some of us may not let them come to our town and for this we live to see that light of day.

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Vision Mokokchung 2040 'Restructuring a Strong and Resurgent MMC'

Moasangba Jamir

The title of the paper “Restructuring a provisions of the Act were met with strong strong and resurgent MMC” is a very opposition by various sections of the society interesting subject matter and a very and I do not wish to elaborate further on pertinent topic in our present scenario. that. Besides, the matter is sub-judice. I can Thank you Mayangnokcha Award Trust only wish that the matter is amicably settled (MAT) for giving me the opportunity to share at the earliest in the larger interest of the my thoughts on this topic, one that is always people. close to my heart. We all want a better As and when the matter is settled, it is Mokokchung in the future but in order to only then that the Municipal Council will in achieve that goal, we do know that many the real sense of the term start functioning. tasks need to be done. We also know that the Be it in its current form and content or with role of the Mokokchung Municipal Council amendments, there has to be a Municipal (MMC) is of paramount importance when we Council Act under which our Municipal talk about building a better Mokokchung. Council will function. Now, in the given scheme of things, Until such time as that, we can at best would you consider that the MMC as it is make temporary adjustments in the today has the “strength” to play such a role of functions of the MMC suiting the context of paramount importance in building a better our local needs. It is therefore premature in a Mokokchung? I doubt. No, I am not way to talk about“Restructuring a strong undermining the present MMC staff headed and resurgent MMC” in the given situation as by its Administrator. In fact, they deserve our we do not have a Municipal Council Act in highest accolades for performing their place. duties to the best of their ability which is a huge achievement in itself considering our However, be that as it may, we also do present circumstances. What I am trying to have a functioning MMC as of now and say is that the MMC today as an entity and as therefore talking about “Restructuring a an institution of local self governance does strong and resurgent MMC” is not out of not have the “strength” that is necessary to place either. Further, as and when we have perform its expected role. an elected body of MMC, which I hope would happen sooner than later,we would still We know that the Nagaland Municipal need to talk about “restructuring” it anyway. Council Act, 2001 is not being implemented Therefore, it is not impertinent to talk about for whatever reasons that be. Certain “Restructuring a strong and resurgent MMC”

119 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 even in the present context. In fact, it is vitality and more effectively. better to think and plan ahead of time so Here, we can understand that if the that when the moment arrives, we would be MMC is restructured then it would become ready and well prepared. (The recent stronger than it is now and therefore would bifurcation of Urban Development be able to perform more effectively. department and establishment of a “Restructuring” is the main point here. Once separate directorate for Municipal Affairs is a the “restructuring” is done, MMC would step forward in the right direction). become “strong and resurgent.” Allow me to therefore share my Now, therefore, let us try to study some thoughts on the topic. I am not an analyst proposals as to how MMC can be nor do I have the expertise and competence restructured. I would like to present my to investigate the topic at hand and deliver a proposal for “restructuring” the MMC in two clear cut conclusion. dimensions – internal restructuring and Therefore, my observations could relational restructuring. These proposals are sometimes seem overlapping and not also presented in the short term perspective academically systematic. The points that I since it is premature to talk long term at the am making here could also need further moment as the Municipal Council Act itself analysis by experts and be taken into is not implemented presently. It is, however, consideration for implementation if hoped that some of the short term merited. proposals presented here can be easily incorporated into the long term goals as and To begin with, I would say that it is when the Act is implemented. impor tant to understand the term “Restructuring a strong and resurgent Internal Restructuring MMC.” The word “restructuring” or “to 1. As per the present arrangement, the restructure” means to organize asystem in a ADC Mokokchung is entrusted with new way to make it operate more effectively. the additional charge of Administrator It also means bringing about a drastic or of MMC. Mokokchung is a major fundamental change in the workings of an district and MMC is in itself a very huge organization or system, or provide with establishment. I t is therefore anew structure. We know what “strong” suggested that an additional officer in means and we know that “resurgent” means the rank of ADC be posted to reviving after a little activity with increased Mokokchung who will wholly assume vitality. Therefore, “Restructuring a strong the duty of MMC Administrator and and resurgent MMC” as I understand it r e l i e v e t h e i n c u m b e n t A D C would mean bringing about some drastic or Mokokchung of the additional charge. fundamental changes inthe working system of MMC to make it stronger so that it can 2. Restructuring the municipal area and perform its functions and duties with more delimitation of Wards under the

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municipality is another suggestion. better Mokokchung, it is suggested Contiguous sub urban areas adjoining t h a t M M C h i r e s o m e and adjacent to the Municipality (like experts/consultants for the purpose of Aolijen, Amenyong, Mokokchung devising policies on financial compound, Tsusapang, Alisungkum, restructuring, with special reference to DEF, etc) may be amalgamated under : i) Increase Revenues ii) Reduce the purview of the municipality. Expenditures At the same time, a delimitation Relational Restructuring exe rc i s e o f t h e ex i s t i n g Wa rd s by 1. Given the fact that Mokokchung town reorganizing their boundaries in the interest is fast growing and expanding, MMC o f e f f e c t i v e g o v e r n a n c e , p r o p e r should plan ahead of time and representation and administrative consider undertaking confidence convenience is also suggested. building initiatives with neighbouring 3. MMC should be manned by elected villages (apart from the four land representatives who can exercise owner villages). powers and functions as empowered 2. Awareness campaigns may be under the provisions of the Municipal conducted to sensitize the people Act. (It may be mentioned here that about the concept and importance of since we do not have a Municipal Act in l o c a l s e l f g ove r n a n ce. I s s u e s effect, this point may seem irrelevant. pertaining to taxes, tolls, fees, charges But this also means that it is about time for services, etc. can be addressed we the people started addressing the through this process. question as to why the Nagaland Municipal Council Act 2001 neither its 3. Digitalization and e-governanceis one present form nor its amended form is area where MMC may concentrate for being implemented). We also need to building a citizen friendly image. It see if some creative arrangements can would also promote transparency and be made to address this issue for the a c c o u n t a b i l i t y a n d m a k e time being. dissemination of information and communication more efficient. We 4. Until such time as the Municipal could start by launching our own MMC Council Act in one or the other form is website. implemented, the government should prepare and enforce proper service End Note rules for the staff, as well as allocate Municipality in India functions as an certain grant in aid annually for institution of local self governance. A motivating the staff and enhancing municipal council in India prepares plans for their efficiency. the municipality's development. The district 5. Keeping in mind the idea of building a planning committee in the district and the

121 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 municipal council go hand in hand in the address the problems faced by the residents field of local administration. in municipalities, the Nagaland Municipal Act 2001 was enacted by the state The district planning committee legislature for strengthening and consolidates the plans prepared by the streamlining local self governance. municipalities in the respective districts. The municipal council as an administrative However as we all know, women organ implements the schemes as may be reservation and some other provisions of entrusted to them. The legislature of the the Act were strongly objected and state by passing laws authorizes the therefore the Act could not be implemented municipal councils to levy, collect and so far. We hope for a speedy and amicable appropriate such taxes, tolls and fees in solution so that full fledged Municipal accordance with the procedures framed Councils can be set up and made to function there under and subject to limitations. in the interest of public service at the earliest. To better serve the purpose of existence of municipal councils and to

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MOKOKCHUNG TOWN 2040 NUKLA

Sendongla

1. Nuburi Tsungrem metetsula sako Tsungrem tsububaji shisatsu A l i m a n u n g n i s u n g r o n g n u n g tetenzuk ta Laishiba nung shia lir. tebentang balala jenti lir. kartulur,kar Tsungrem meteta pa akumtubua lira telar,kar takar,kar sensaker,kar Pai shisatsu tajung teberi asenok temeteter,kar memeter, kar tashir, kar nem apoktsutsu idanji asenoki mashir. Alimanisungibo itemji kechisarina tajung inyaktettsu, benanga penshir saka Tsungrem t e b i l e m b a a j a k t a k o k n g u a tsungdangbo ajakji sako taangateta inyaktettsu. Mokokchung nuburtemi litettsula. Tsungrem sudaktsura aseni meteteti 5. Tajung aser majung metetsu asen jila nungi tashimeteter jenti shisatsu teyanglur-i aguja-a lir ta adoktsu, yimjung nung, terenlok metetsu nung aser ochi nung aientsu. Tsungremi asenok tetsu pok nungi 2. Nisung shia pei mulungsentsu aludang yongi tajung, majung bushitsu metetsu yanglutsur yoker. Saka M u l u n g s e n t s u t e m e r a k a s e r alimar nisungi tajung dang majung, teintangji Tsungremer takinuba majung dang tajung ta pelebena ,anungji pei mulung n u n g a n g a t e t a p e n s h i b a a g i a l i m a memerukba kar danga lira aji m e s u n g j e m t e t e r a j i p e n t e t a bushiteta meruktettsu aser ochi metettsula. ,tajung, ajakshidak inyaktettsu. 6. Lokti aser Yimden tsungda tebila mali 3. Pei kibong aser lokti jenjang kechiyong nubur temi azoktsu atema asatangtsu pangdak (authorityji) Yimden aser Lokti ka ajungtsuji kibong shia dak ano iba nung nisung shiaji Arogo nung dang keta lir.Aser kibong ka nungi zungsem kaka lir. Anungji telok anaji adokba nisung shia dak ketta kati ka ten metaloktepba lir. Anungji lir.Anungji lokti ka ajungtsu keja Yimden shidak lira Arogo shidak t a k u m t a m a m e r u k t e t a alitsu, Arogo shidak lira Yimden yanglutettsula. shidak alitsu. Aser aji keja takum shia dak nungi atoktsula. 4. Tsungrem tsungdang nisung ajak

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7. Yim susu (political) mendenji 10. S o c i o - C u l t u r e b a c k g r o u n d (post)temeshi lir. Anungji iba nung metettsu k u d a n g s u r j i k o m a l a n i s u n g Pa-a nung ilemzuka akaba pei nungdaker aji asatettsula. Yimsusuba sobaliba aser libaliro tajung ji meteta (political) menden nung amentsu benshia litettsula. Komaraka tashiba shimtsuba nubuji ochishir aser nebur liaka sobaliba (libaliro) memetetra meimba shisatsu aser tangatetba aika agi mabensa aser mepiri. tajung alir asatanger shinung dang 11. Pei oshi asungtetta jembitettsula alima tejakleni renloka inyaka anitettsu. Tangar oshi dang jembiba jagi pei sasa mejangjaba shisanger. Talisa tanga 8. T a k a r i s e n s a k e r y a r i t s u jila nung alir tem lanur jenti pei oshi mamatsula mejembei tanar oshi tang jembiteper. Alima nung takar jenti lir, kar-I pei Anungji tsurabur temi parnok dang akaba nungi sensaker nem lema pei oshi jembitettsu nendaka sayutsu agutsur itemji Tsungremi-I maneni kanga tongtipang aser kanga moatsur, anema yutsur, arishi nungdak. agutsur. Saka taker kar-i bo pei akaba 12. Tangar dak metaloker melei pei ji mekabang-a yur sensaker yaritsu sasa zusentettsula mebilem-I pei asoshi dang rizunga a y u r. T e m j i t a m a s h i a s e r Laishiba nunga mapa meinyakerbo jangratemtsu kecha mali saka chi a techiyungdaktsu ta shia lir. Lanu tarendaktsu jenti agi meketbanga lir ain ajaki pei tashi yaribo mapa aji bendanga angatettsula. meranga inyakaa zusenteteta chia jema litetba takum kaka asutsula. 9. Takium dang nungi rongsen tuluba Mapa meinyakra alima koda aientsu ta mebilemtsula aser takum koda litettsu. Tangar Anema alibaji rongsen. Rongsen jenti takar aser tashi temetetter America yur makitet-I timtema hospital balala lima ama nung rongsenji anung nungi nung tanebtsu bushia chiyungtsu tsukker masa saka ajaki-I arakzua kecha achi majung senzutsu dang mazungi mapa inyakteper iba yonji nungibo mekurui anema alidang sen parnok lima takar, tashi tulu, kecha endok mesasai temang anebaluba ji metsubui telungjem nung alima pei takum aser nubur asoshi jangratema aiener. Asen lima talisa tajangzuk. lanurtem mapa inyaktsu aktepba

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(Dignity of Labor) aika angur anungji 15. Yim o yim na tsungda ano tali mapa inyakba nung kecha taktsu mali putepshitsula. ta metettsula. Asenoki asen tekolok 16. Pei yim saseb (sungkhum shi) kin shisatsu arakzua, asentsu sena k i d o n g t s u n g d a t a l i m e ra n g a i nya k a t a g a r k u m a atsunganganga-a alitsula. jangratema litetba takum kaka 17. S h i n g a i a s h i n g a d a k t e n u k asutsula. memeremtsu. Shiba dak tashi mait 13. Kin kidong otsuren tangatetep a j i t e t t e r m e t o n g s h i t s u t s u nung lateta ayutsula. marendaktsula. Aser metongshitsu 14. Naga nungerji kibong ka ama dang aji pelasetaa agizuktettsula. Iba bilemtsula. jagi ang pei dak ochi aser temeruk shisatsu tali janga-a akumtsu. Telongjem aser temeimtep nung takar akumtsu idangji memetetei alima tejakleni anitsu.

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What is your overall concept for Progress and Development of Mokokchung? What are the dynamics and what are the change levers? Temjen Toy, IAS

As Mokokchung town celebrates the protect and nurture and promote local momentous occasion of 125 years of its entrepreneurs in a way rarely seen in other existence, it brings a lot of reminiscing, parts of the State. The young leadership also nostalgia as well as serious introspection on provides an air of dynamism and energy that what lies ahead. will certainly be needed in the days ahead, as From its origin as one of the first British the town grows to meet changing needs and outposts in Nagaland, Mokokchung town aspirations of its population. Change is has, like many other towns in Nagaland, inevitable as human beings and societies undergone a rapid pace of transition from a continuously keep evolving and in the traditional society to a modern town that process, lifestyles, occupations and needs has managed to assimilate the different also undergo change. facets, qualities and values of an ultra Though a century is a small capsule of modern society symbolized by computers, time in history, it is difficult to ignore the mobile phones and the internet. At the extent of change that our society has same time, it has managed to preserve the undergone in that period. We have all core traditional and cultural values experienced in a few generations what inherited from our ancestors well, striking a many civilizations take a thousand years or commendably good balance. I would not be more to evolve into. It is interesting that the wrong in saying that Mokokchung town and city of Damascus, considered one of the its social and economic institutions as well oldest inhabited cities in the world, was as the citizens are today excellent examples inhabited more than 10,000 years ago. It is of enterprise, efficiency and responsibility. equally interesting to know that many Because of these qualities, Mokokchung is ancient cities in Iraq, Afghanistan and even today a vibrant place with all requisite urban India inhabited before 1,000 BC continue to facilities of schools, colleges, hospitals and live in conditions that have undergone few commercial establishments. changes – largely unaffected and not One of the qualities of Mokokchung benefitted by modern civilisation. We are truly worth mentioning is the initiative, truly privileged then, to have the best of commitment and vision of its relatively modern life despite being tucked away in a young leadership who have managed to corner of the world that had just come out

126 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 from the jungles a few blinks ago, in terms of view that 'change in mindsets' is one of the human civilization. most pressing requirements today for our In fact, we can even afford to modify society for change to really take place. I the traditional view of economists that believe that it is imperative for us today to development is always a process that takes change in the way we live, the way we look place over sustained periods of time. at things, the way we face life, the way we Mokokchung town has managed to move treat each other, the way we look at ahead substantially in these 125 years, and institutions, processes and outcomes, and now has the privilege of being able to look bring all these things to focus on common back at all that we have achieved, and think goals and objectives. It is time we focus on of what the future should be. It already key social activities of building and nurturing possesses the required qualities of good and leadership, skills, values and institutions to young leadership, a vibrant community and levels that will help us to deal positively and the spirit of enterprise. These are enough effectively with our changing surroundings. fuel to propel Mokokchung to the future that When a society learns to think and act in we all hope for. What we need now are the harmony, and nurtures positive values and right ideas and mindsets, and the firm practices, there is no limit to what can be determination to make it happen. done and achieved. It is interesting to learn In the academic realm, change and that in most parts of the developed world, a development are generally defined by lot of emphasis is being placed in developing experts to be linked to factors such as what is called a 'growth mindset' in students, 'strategy', 'controls', 'people', 'technology' individuals and organizations and and 'processes' etc. These are academic institutions to improve productivity and terms most of us are not conversant with. efficiency. There is no reason why we cannot However, I believe most of us agree with the do the same.

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Mokokchung Vision 2040: A viewpoint from afar

Dr. Tiameren Jamir

Introduction Mokokchung Vision 2040 Document. It

th would be important to note that the Vision I was born in Mokokchung on 15 of outlined is limited to the present town of August 1978. The first son in the family. I was M o k o k c h u n g a n d i t s i m m e d i a t e relocated from Mokokchung to Shillong in surrounding villages. So here are some 1983 for the sake of better education. statistical facts about Mokokchung which However every winter we would spend two we need to consider before we even draw up months between Mokokchung and Ungma, a plan. my native village. It was during these visits that I saw the town I was born in, transform, The population of Mokokchungtown from an idyllic settlement to its current form. by the latest data available has been put at 35,913 (2011 census). A vast majority of the Do I have the right to comment on a population belong to the Ao Naga tribe town that I have hardly lived in? What from the 6 ranges. We also have a minority of contributions can I possibly give or suggest non Aos in the town although I am not aware for the vision document that is being of their population. deliberated upon. Well all I can say is that there have been instances where white Literacy rate of the present town is not men/brown men have come and lived with available but as per the 2011 census the us for only a few months and have literacy rate of Mokokchung as a district is eloquently written about us and have 91.62 with male at 92.18 and female 91.01 become experts in Naga history, culture and Business hub - How does a town of economy. In that sense, I would be 35,913 sustain itself in terms of business considered a super expert because not only oppor tunities?You may argue that am I an Ao born in Mokokchung, but I have Mokokchung is the business center for also lived in it for years, albeit 2 months at a many other adjoining districts. If you take time. the population of the four major adjoining With these few thoughts in my mind I district of Mon, Tuensang, Longleng and sat down to prepare my vision for Zunheboto and add them to the population Mokokchung. My question is this: Instead of of Mokokchung district we get a combine a multi pronged approach, can a single figure of 5,82,459 (2011 census). This focused entity be recognized, encouraged population is not even close to the and given the thrust it requires, which would population of East Khasi hills district then influence growth directly or indirectly (Meghalaya) alone which stands at 8,25,922 in all other sectors?I believe this is possible. (2011 census). Of this population, how many would actually come to Mokokchung to do But first, some observations on the

128 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 business? I'm not an economist but it's not for us. It gives us the opportunity to extract rocket science either. The demand and ourselves from overindulgence in politics supply, which is central concept for any and start applying our minds to various flourishing business center does not exist in other fields beyond politics. The blinders Mokokchung. We are very far from being have finally been removed, dare I say. called a business center. We will never be a So finally that brings us to Education; Dimapur at the rate we are going for the next Can Education be the one thing that can turn 25 years and the faster we recognize this, the the fortunes of a town like Mokokchung? better. Can it be the driving force for the next 25 Politics - If the political graph of years? Can it take the town to a level which is Nagaland had to be drawn the line would be so desired by its people. I firmly believe it moving towards zero at a very fast rate. For can. Mokokchung can never match Dimapur long, generation after generation have been in terms of business. It doesn't have the so influenced and distracted by politics that population. Mokokchung will never be we are not able to see beyond it. Every administratively active as Kohima because, decision we make is intricately linked to it. let's face it, Kohima is the capital of our state. Every Ao is so engrossed in politics that it has Period. now become impossible to do anything I t i s i n t e r e s t i n g t o n o t e t h a t without politics at its center. So should we Mokokchung has been designated as the detach ourselves from politics altogether? land of pioneers and rightfully so. We, as a Of course not. But should we blindly and tribe, have been the pioneers in many fields. sadistically follow it? No. So let's see the We are responsible for the development of statistics again. The whole district of many other less fortunate tribes in the state Mokokchung sends 10 legislators to the and they acknowledge us for it even today. I state assembly. In a house of 60 that's only recall how our grandfathers would tell us 16% of total representation. Gone are the stories about other tribes speaking in Ao, days when the tribes from eastern Nagaland singing hymns in Ao and also conversing in would follow us blindly and give us the Ao. Some religious gathering in certain Ao desired number in the assembly. The last Ao villages, in the past, for example, had chief minister was some 15 years ago. What representatives from other Naga tribes does this say? That the other tribes have when actually the whole program was overtaken us in terms of political acumen conducted in Ao. Such was our influence. and are developing a space for themselves Today what can we boast of, in terms of the in the state. This is not necessarily a bad existing education scenario in our town. We thing. It is but a natural course in human d o n ' t h a v e e n o u g h s c h o o l s t o development. It is us that have not moved accommodate even our children. The less forward with the changing times. Today said about college education, the better. We there is not one Ao leader worth his salt. But don't have any higher education institution. then again, this is not necessarily a bad thing How did we get ourselves in this mess? After

129 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 all we are still the smartest tribe in the state. fight for these basic needs. Let's not We are still the most innovative, the most forget that the town of Mokokchung enterprising, the most creative and the has not less than 3 MLAs representing fairest. We have just been misled for the last i t . I r e a d s o m e w h e r e t h a t so many years. We lost our focus. However Mokokchung has the best roads in all is not lost still. Nagaland. I keep wondering how I never come across this road whenever So yes, I believe education can be the I travel to my hometown. Then it driving force for the development of dawned upon me that this was a Mokokchung. I believe we need to revisit subjective observation. Today we this field with right earnest. My views on this have been designated to have the subject are strongly influenced by the fact best road in all of Nagaland simply that I stay in Shillong, the educational hub of because the roads in the other district North East India. I have seen from close are so bad. It makes our average roads quar ters how this small town was appear “better”. transformed by thrust in just one field –Education. Today there are many 2. Land acquisition laws and behavior: all prominent citizens in the country that have tribal dominated land has this their root in the education system of perennial problem when it comes to Shillong. Shillong's economy has directly land acquisition. We don't really need benefitted from the investments in to look at every attempt of land education. acquisitions with suspicion. Not all are related to land grabbing. We must The closest town that can emulate this e n c o u r a g e N G O s , C h u r c h e s , would be Mokokchung. The reason I say this institutions and private parties to set is because the university headquarter is up schools, colleges and institute of very close to this town. The human resource higher education and to do this we and manpower need for this exercise must learn to part with our land already exists. I t is but a natural intelligently. Our legislators and transformation for the Aos. The climatic bureaucrats should lobby for Medical, condition of Mokokchung is very suitable as engineering and other higher it has mild temperatures through the year. education institute to be set up in However, for this to occur, the Mokokchung. We need institution following points must be taken into that will teach Music and Fashion. consideration: 3. Religion: it was only few years ago that 1. Infrastructure in terms of road, water schools and colleges from different and electricity should be addressed at faith and denominations were the earliest. This is where I believe our stopped from opening their institutes Ao legislators can come together, in our land for fear of inter religious or irrespective of party affiliations, and inter denomination conversion. I can

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tell you with confidence that this fear is 5. Increase in the floating population of unwarranted. I have studied in Catholic the town thereby directly affecting institutes all my life and never once business and entrepreneurship. have I been encouraged or forced to 6. Students that pass out and go on to convert. I'm still a Baptist today. We become important members in the must allow different missions to open society will always look fondly to this their institutions in our land. town and it people. They will champion 4. IT hub: no education center would be the cause of this town to the rest of the c o m p l e t e w i t h o u t p r o p e r I T state and country infrastructure. IT development with 7. Lastly and most importantly our super-speed internet connectivity children will have the opportunity to must be encouraged to be set up in our study in some of the best institutes home town. without having to move from their Impact hometown resulting in fewer expenses and overall growth of the family. 1. We will have investment in terms of world class education centers being These are some of the measurable set up in our home town. Infrastructure impact that an education hub may have on development will itself generate the population. There are however countless employment. immeasurable impact and benefits that an investment like this will have. We need to 2. Communities that contribute to take advantage of the impact such an act will setting up of these institutes, in terms have. of land, will benefit by employment in these institution. Their children will Conclusion also benefit from studying in these I believe that this Vision is achievable. institutes. They will receive subsidy in The chances of this Vision to succeed require fees and other expenses. every stakeholder to come together. This will 3. Job opportunities for Graduates/ PG/ benefit every individual from the highest to PhD/ BEd in these institutions the lowest. Incomes will be generated. Our generating huge employment in the generation will be blessed. Mokokchung will academic sector. be known as an educational hub for quality education not only in Nagaland but also in 4. Benefit to the town citizen in terms of support based entrepreneurship the region. This will help spur growth in all around students needs (rent, hostels, other sectors leading to overall growth of the gro ce r i e s, e a te r i e s a n d o t h e r town and its people. ancillaries)

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RESTRUCTURING A STRONG AND RESURGENT MOKOKCHUNG MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

Dr. Toshimanen Ozü kum

Introduction many development stages. Today it has I and the members of my family bring been up-grated to Municipal Council. greetings to all the people of Mokokchung Due to 33% women reservation Town on the occasion of the 125 t h bending case in the Supreme Court of India anniversary celebration. Indeed, I praise the election of the Municipality cannot be held living God and the Lord Jesus Christ for and depriving many opportunity of grants giving me good health and the opportunity under 14th Finance Commission. This is an to take part in this “ MOKOKCHUNG VISION area where all the people of Mokokchung 2040.” I am also very grateful to the organizer Town should ponder and find out a solution for inviting me to present a paper on the to remove the hurdle of fund flow from the above topic. Government of India. In Nagaland there are 3 Municipal Nagaland is a resource crunch and Councils and 20 Town Councils.The revenue starved State. As such even if the 1st Department of Municipal Affairs has been and 2nd State Finance Commission has created by a Cabinet decision to administer recommended for 5% revenue sharing by all the 23 ULBs which was notified on June the State Government, till today no state 3,2015 and inaugurated by the Honorable g r a n t s h a s b e e n r e l e a s e d t o t h e Chief minister on June 8,2015. municipalities. After the dissolution of the elected Therefore the Municipalities has to councilors, the government in accordance survive on the meager revenue of its own for to the provision of section 80-83 of the payment of salary to the employees and Nagaland Municipal Act, 2001 has solid waste management. Backward Region designated the ADCs ,SDOs and EACs as the Grant Fund for the designated backward Administrators of Municipal and Town region of the Town Councils are also used by Councils under the direc tion and the civil administration. The Administrators administration of the Department of of Municipal and Town Councils are Municipal Affairs. transferable and so they are not able to A s p e r r e c o r d , M o k o k c h u n g depute more time on the policy to generate Municipality started functioning as more revenue of these nascent Municipal Mokokchung Town Committee in 1959. and Town Councils Moreover, since they are During the last 56 years it has gone through assigned only additional duties and their

132 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 main posting is to look after the civil Under the direction of the Ministry of administration, they are not able to depute Urban Development, Government of India, more time to lead the municipalities into the Department of Municipal Affairs has greater heights. submitted a dedicated Municipal Cadre Nevertheless, there is a ray of hope which will revamp all the municipalities and that after the establishment of a new Mokokchung Municipal Councilis privileged department of Municipal Affairs the first to be part of this dedicated Cadre. The charter of duties is to framing of Municipal department has also submitted the Draft and Town Council Rules and the Directorate Municipal Service Rule 2015 which is the has submitted 20 rules which is under combination of the draft Service Rules of examination by the government. After MMC, KMC, DMC and model Service Rules of approval, it will implement in all the other State Municipalities. Municipal and Town Councils authorizing to After approval of the Dedicated levy betterment fee, user charges which will Municipal Cadre, the Department can in return improve better road condition, generate Employment opportunity for the provision of sufficient potable drinking e d u c ate d u n e m p l oye d yo u t h . Th e water and uninterrupted power supply restructuring of MMC into a vibrant Urban which will make Mokokchung Town a world Local Body can deal better by SWOT analysis class city by 2040. which is elaborated below: The Vision STRENGTH Restructuring a strong and resurgent Mokokchung Municipal Council has Municipal Council is one of the Vision 2040 very strong Ward Panchayat which assist in which is 25 years from now. In this the implementation of all development supersonic age, no-night century, all the 7.4 scheme and also assist in the maintenance of billion people of the world are full of law and order problem. It is the cleanest competition. So I describe time like this: 19th Town in Nagaland. Thus the people are Century people walk with the time, 20th involved in maintaining cleanliness and Century people run with the time, 21st sanitation. Mokokchung Town has Century people fly with the time. This is true congenial climate which is favourable to because what the 20th Century people could develop as tourist center .It can also develop cover places in one week the 21st Century as commercial hub for the neighboring people can cover in one day. One can have districts like Longleng, Tuensang and even breakfast in New Delhi, lunch in Bangkok Zunheboto. People's participation in and dinner in Sydney. So we ought to inclusive planning backed by District redeem the time. Thus, 25 years is not too far Planning and Development Board and away.

133 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 bottom up policy is the strength of the MMC. from Chuchuyimpang Villager. Another There is now a full-fledged Department of opportunity is to construct hygienic meat Municipal Affairs. shop available with the same Ministry. WEAKNESS Construction of cold storage will boost market economy and increase productivity Lack of initiative to bring development of horticulture. I have been told that during scheme is the major weakness in the MMC the season lots of tomatoes are produce by No elected Councilors and regular posting of the surrounding villagers but due to head of the office. The present posting of absence of cold storage most of the ADC as Administrator is only a stop gap vegetables are perished which is a great arrangement who is also to look after the economic loss. MMC can initiate for Office of the ADC under the Deputy construction of a cold storage. Commissioner. There is no separate Cadre of the Municipalities in Nagaland. My Department has also submitted a DPR for infrastructure Development of OPPORTUNITY Mokokchung Town. Another DPR for There is ample opportunity for MMC to construction of drainage is also in the anvil avail facilities available under 10% lump sum Thus MMC has good opportunity to provision with the Ministry of Urban develop into a vibrant Urban Local Bodies. Development and Housing and Urban This can be possible as and when the Poverty Alleviation. HUDCO also helps the cabinet approves the Dedicated Municipal Municipalities grants for purchase of Cadre and the Draft Municipal Service Rules. Cesspool to clean the septic tanks as there is Another opportunity is that Mokokchung no sewerage system in Nagaland. Town is the gateway to other neighboring The people of Mokokchung is lucky Districts and also to Assam State through enough to elect 11 legislators which no Mokokchung Mariani and Mokokchung other Naga tribe has till today. Out of this Amguri roads where MMC can levy entrance Mokokchung Municipal Council alone has 4 fee and add to the revenue of the elected representatives who are capable to Municipalities. go to Delhi with DPR and bring the project THREATS sanction from different Ministries in Delhi. The most dangers of development My department has helped the MMC bottleneck of MMC is the non availability of to get sanction from the Ministry of Food land.The landowner recognition is very Processing Industries New Delhi for important in any kind of development as development of Modern abattoir at there is not much government acquired Koyasanu near DEF in the land purchased and. The landowners should also cooperate

134 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 with the department for any kind of outdated. Therefore it is necessary to development. The Kohima Village Council prepare a detailed Development Plan. chairman has correctly stated during the For this purpose we can utilize all the consultation meeting with the neighboring available manpower like Urban villages for the Smart City Mission which I Planners, GIS experts, IT, Software quote “People without land cannot do Engineers etc anything and land without people cannot 3. Transfer of func tions: The 74 t h develop anything.” Unquote. Therefore land Constitutional Amendments Act and people should go together for any kind provides 18 functions under schedule of development. They have given assurance 12 to transfer to the Municipalities. The to cooperate with the department for any state Government has constituted a kind of development in Kohima Town. The Committee under the chairmanship of Kohima Village Youth Organization has also the Chief Secretary which has had the given assurance to cooperate. Our people first meeting and examined the 18 should also emulate such good gesture functions and to transfer to the from the land owners. Municipalities. Another threat is the non-release of 4. I m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f N a g a l a n d fund both by the state government as well Municipal Act 2001: This Act could not as Central government on time, which be implemented as there is no specific retards timely completion of the projects. rules to implement. As a result of this WAY FORWARD the Municipal Revenue is very meager not even enough to pay the salary of 1. Expansion of the MMC boundary to the employees. This is an area where all DEF, FCI and Marepkong. Most of the the citizens has to ponder upon and Towns in Nagaland are linear find out ways and means to increase development. This is due to the reason the revenue of the Municipalities. The that development takes place all along second State Finance Commission has the road. Therefore we should recommended for 5% revenue sharing encourage horizontal development by by the state government. However this providing urban infrastructures in the is a far cry as ours is a revenue starved area below the road . State As such we need to educate our 2. P r e p a r a t i o n o f P e r s p e c t i v e people to pay betterment fee, user Development Plan for 25 Years from charge to generate more revenue for now. The Department of Urban the Municipalities. Development has prepared Master 5. Early conduct of Municipal Election: Plan way back in 1974 which is Without the elected members no

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Municipalities can function in right salary and invest in development perspective. Therefore all the people activities. This will strengthen better should urge the government and the functioning of the Municipal Council Hohos to conduct Municipal Election and cleaning the Municipal solid waste. at the earliest. A DPR has been prepared and submitted to the Ministry of Urban 6. Dedicated Municipal Cadre: As Development which needs perusal by mentioned above it is necessary for contractor who want to implement the the Municipalities to have its own project. The MMC has to streamline the dedicated cadre with the Central Street Vendors by designating and funding pattern and Services so that display of signboards for Vending the employees will work with more Zone,No vending Zone and protected dedication and commitment. Vending Zone where Street Vendors 7. Payment of Municipal toll tax and can sell their products. parking tax: Municipals have to

generate their own revenue to pay the

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Mokokchung Vision 2040 Resurgence of Values in Ao- Naga Traditional and Customary Practices: with Changes where necessary

Prof. Temsüla Ao 1. The Ao- Nagas like all other Naga women have never been given equal tribes have the unique distinction of justice in cases of divorce and being a self-governed people for inheritance. These outdated and centuries. While the ancient life-style biased traditions must be made justly has drastically changed through time, beneficial to women and the certain aspects of the patriarchal amendments must be incorporated to society have remained as immoveable the customary practices. and solid as the rocks on which the This aspect of women's empowerment various villages are located. These deserves serious consideration when aspects pertain to the Traditional and fo r m u l a t i n g a n d a r t i c u l a t i n g Customary Practices which govern Mokokchung: Vision 2040 of the 21st every villager's lifewithin their Century. parameters, which so far exist in the 2. There is another aspect of our modern oral mode only. The fact that this issue Ao society which also needs serious is an integral part of Mokokchung: introspection and that is the habit of Vision 2040 bears testimony to the reading. The days of story-telling and people's awareness that there are listening are long gone and we have to s e r i o u s i n c o n s i s t e n c i e s a n d depend on written documents anomalities in them which conflict e n t i r e l y f o r k n o w l e d g e a n d w i t h t h e c h a n g e s t h a t h a v e information. I wonder how many manifested themselves in the much- functional libraries are there in evolved Ao society today: therefore Mokokchung and what the actual the urgent need for introspection of co u n t o f re a d e r s h i p i n t h e s e t h e s e e l e m e n t s h a s b e c o m e institutions is. Only prescribed book necessary. knowledge will never open our eyes Within these practices the status of and minds to what is happening women has to be the primary concern outside our immediate environment. because according to theages-old The Vision 2040 should include tradition, women have no say in proper infrastructure and facilities to matters of governance. Not only that, encourage the younger generation to even where their fate is at stake, the

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cultivate the habit of reading at all 4. Translation of world classics into Ao is stages of their growth. also another way of adding to our literature. This has been one of the 3. Writing books on different topics and impetuses of development of especially on one's cultureshould be languages in our neighbouring states encouraged so that what remains in like Khasi, Garo and Mizo. On the other the Oral Tradition is made permanent hand, there is also the need to translate for future generations about their our songs and tales into English so that culture, tribal history and language. many others can enjoy our unique folk This, in a way will also enrich the literature. languageso that it acquires eligibility to be taught not only in graduate 5. In conclusion, I venture to suggest that classes but also through research on the functioning of the Ao Literature to the Ph.D level. The Vision can also B o a r d m a y b e r e v i e w e d a n d plan for givingincentives to would-be rejuvenated to make it more proactive scholars and writers and thus and widen their ambit of direction and enhance the bulk of Ao literature. guidance for enriching the language and literature of the people.

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Vision Mokokchung 2040 .... some Random Thoughts

L. H. Thangi Mannen

Vision Mokokchung 2040 should be a its quality and timeframe and effective document that is practical and action usage. For all future projects, public should oriented, with objectives and targets clearly ensure that it is need based and beneficial defined and timeframe laid down. for the community. Very often we find that Other wise, like many such vision these are the last considerations and documents it remains on a beautifully projects are taken up based on personal printed papers only. The document also considerations. needs to lay emphasis on peoples' For Mokokchung town to progress and awareness, initiative and participation to grow, the external forces or impacts cannot make it sustainable and achievable. No be ignored. The town's vibrancy will depend doubt Government will have its role to play on its surrounding rural villages and towns. in some of the broad themes that has been As such “Vision Mokokchung” will also have proposed, particularly in the infrastructural to inter-link with broad based issues of inputs for roads, connectivity, buildings, connectivity and economic support system. power, water etc. But these efforts will not Here the farming /producing communities create the desired impact until and unless have to be encouraged and marketing the public are aware, follow and voice their outlets within and outside the state be opinion on these developments. established. The concept of “grow locally As a first step, perhaps, an assessment/ and buy locally” be encouraged and taken inventory could be made within the vicinity up in real earnest. The defunct Tuli Railway of Mokokchung town on all the existing Line, if activated is a viable option for infrastructure of the Government, which are transportation and marketing of not only the lying defunct and un-utilised. Government local produces, but for the Tuli Paper Mill as investments for these structures are public well. The railway line could perhaps be money and these facilities should be utilised extended to Tuli town, as this would ease the for optimum public benefit. Perhaps, this connectivity linkage to the district and to could be the first step towards Vision 2040. Mokokchung town, eventually. With the Act now on the existing facilities and improvement in surface transport through scenario , and the future will fall into place. Tuli, the alternative entry into Nagaland We cannot dream into the future without can be enhanced and Mokokchung's tackling the reality facing us today. The locational advantage can be optimised. public also need to be vigil on all the on- Entrepreneurships and business will going development programs – in terms of

139 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 take off, provided there is a vibrant and through home stays in the town and villages, sufficient people in a place. Unfortunately in Identifying nature, cultural, historical trails, t h e l a s t s o m a n y y e a r s m u c h o f maximising on the existing events etc., are Mokokchung populace have migrated and some strategies that can promote settled in other parts of the state, largely in Mokokchung as a destination. Promotion of Dimapur and Kohima. This drain of people Mokokchung through responsible tourism is a drain on the town's economy, leading to and community participation can add to the stagnation and slow growth. There are progressive Vision of Mokokchung. Skill many reasons for this migration of the sons development in some sectors may also be a n d d a u g h t e r s o f t h e t o w n a n d required to be focussed upon, so as to Mokokchung and its landowner's will have promote entrepreneurships. to re - i nve nt t h e m s e l ve s to m a d e In the agricultural sector, which Mokokchung an attractive place to live and includes all other allied sectors, focus needs settle down. In the larger context this to be made on the crops for which exodus from Mokokchung town is also Mokokchung will be know, and branded so. impacting on the growth of the rural areas This will create the required volume and and the smaller towns. marketability. A think-tank may perhaps Mokokchung has the advantage of identify these potentials and work out a road being a climatically pleasant and a clean m a p, fo r e f fe c t i ve m e a s u re s. Th e town. The people of Mokokchung have environmental concern of protecting our taken initiatives in the social and cultural rivers and eco-system of the district as a activities, such as the M Fest, Musical events, w h o l e m u s t b e a d d r e s s e d t o o , i f Survival Mokokchung, Christmas programs Mokokchung has to survive the next 100 where the entire community participates years. etc. These efforts are indicative of the For Mokokchung to achieve its desired people's realisation that people's initiatives goal of sustainable development, that is all and people's participation will be the encompassing and equitable, there is an driving force for reviving Mokokchung urgent need for a complete change in the towards its progressive growth. These dubious electoral system that Mokokchung efforts however now needs to be made District practices. When we talk about more dynamic and promoted beyond “Justice and Integrity for Peace and Mokokchung, to neighbouring districts and Development “, this is one crucial area where states. So also the premier festivals of the Mokokchung should pioneer in leading a A o ' s n e e d t o b e p r o m o t e d a n d change for a fair, clean, and a responsible Mokokchung made a destination for electoral system. Without this the Vision for visitors, friends and families. Small efforts

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Mokokchung will never see the light of considered/taken up. A website /blog may progress in any form. The Aos' at one time be set-up, so that we are able to reach out to were the most prominent people in all walks everyone of the above persons anywhere in of life - teachers, pastors, government the world. I am sure there are many people employees etc. Mokokchung had produced leaving in far off places, who have fond the highest numbers of bureaucracy and memories of Mokokchung and would like to that too holding top and key positions. be apart of Mokokchung's transition to a M o k o k c h u n g d i s t r i c t h a s e l e ve n better future. A contributory fund-pool constituency and at times had the largest could also be set up through internet group of cabinet ministers. But inspite of banking linking to the website. The Citizens t h e s e o p p o r t u n i t i e s a n d a s s e t s , and families of Mokokchung has a role to Mokokchung today remains where it is. An play in Vision Mokokchung 2040. Further honest retrospection on our failures and deliberation on this will be needed, for missed opportunities is the need of the peoples views and ideas. Mokochung's hour, and the way forward is to learn from future are its People, and the mind set has these failures. to be geared towards making the efforts by ourselves, for ourselves. Nothing like Finally an initiative for “Mokokchung people's initiative for a sustainable and a Calling” to all its citizens ( Aos and non-Aos), responsible growth. to all its in-laws, and friends to be change th makers in process towards Vision Dated: 6 Jan 2016. Mokokchung 2040, could perhaps be

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Inculcating Free-thinking and Positive behaviour

Dr. Toshinaro Longchar

PART I: Probably the first official growth, response and development? Ayatai encounter of the Nagas in its own turf with Mokokchung 1994 just about partially tells the Colonial power was in 1832. In 1890, of such saga of human degradation, Mokokchung became a Sub-Division of the lamentation and suffering. And yet, there is District with Mr. A.W. Davis as it first Sub- the human spirit breathe in by the Divine Divisional Officer. That time there was 47 Ao Being that is enduring, resilient, resourceful, villages. vibrant and beautiful. It is in such a milieu What must have transpired in the that today we are celebrating Mokokchung th minds of our ancestors as they encountered Town's 125 Jubilee anniversary even as we the Colonial power we will never know. exercise on this occasion to Envision C e r t a i n l y, t h e r e m u s t h a v e b e e n Mokokchung 2040. apprehension, fear, uncertainty and maybe, Part II: How then can we continue to excitement. Surely the enormity of the evolve into a society that inculcates free- situation and its ramifications must not have thinking and behaviour that are positive been fully comprehended nor envisioned, and that will enable us to grow together as a l e t a l o n e d e l i b e r a t e d . P e r h a p s , community ? There is the temptation, but it unbeknownst, the gigantic tussle and would be presumptuous and indeed interplay between tradition, resistance, arbitrary, to position a precise modus change, power, hence modernity were set operandi for something as fundamental as into motion. freedom and choices in behaviours and In the turn of the 20th century the world actions. But it may help to approach the was traumatized by the two catastrophic subject within a broader context in which it Great World Wars. Alongside, a wave of arises. The context is the very character of political struggle for freedom and the human existence. independence swept through the Indian Our evolutionar y future, be it sub-continent. Naga Hills was not left knowledge, information and technology is untouched by such tremors of change and dependent on the behaviours, actions, historic transition. Mokokchung was also to decisions, thinking and the services that are pay heavily for Nagas' legitimate aspiration provided and undertaken for the collective for their struggle for freedom. How can public interest, existence and survival. Mokokchung forget the atrocious 'army That is why individuals, families, grouping', of the 1950s, the 1960s; the communities and societies must learn the protracted armed conflict that had since art and skill to dialogue meaningfully and engulfed almost every segment of our truthfully, the concerns, the realities, the

142 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 aspirations, the challenges, the fears and Such processes are habits of the mind values. If there is no dialogue, there can be and the soul that either blossom or diminish no communications, if there is not with lack of practices. Society, educational communications, well then, there is simply system, traditions can also either hamper or nothing; we are disconnected and isolated encourage to create such safe spaces and in a sea of desolate sound of noisy empty inculcate such values. Positive behavior are cymbals and mindless reflections. but one of the expression and manifestation Dialogue increases understanding of the moral, values, belief-system and and deeper analysis; nur tures and tradition that we espouse in our lives, family, s t r e n g t h e n s r e l a t i o n s h i p s , w h i l e churches, communities and societal confronting real difference to find common institutions and systems. Mindless slanders g r o u n d s a n d e x p l o r e c o m m o n and reflections, idle talks and polemics, u n d e r s t a n d i n g . D i a l o g u e c a n b e hallow promises and misguided beliefs, uncomfortable, it probes, it questions and alienation and hopelessness, fear and sometimes it breaks long-held belief- endless chatters, and eventual abuse of system, traditions, practices, deep-held power and distortion of truth, settles and assumptions and prejudices and in the permeates into a culture when dialogue is process long-standing stereotypes can also done away with. be dissolved. Dialogue brings community Dialogue is the willingness to open, to together. Dialogue facilitates free-thinking. listen, collectively reason and hopefully learn It gently but surely stimulates a culture that and hence grow. In other words enabling and appreciates critical insights, understanding conditioning individuals and communities and questions which enhance inquiry which that are teachable. Dialogue is a continuous is a process of critical thinking including eternal journey in the development of a creative thinking. Such lessons can sprout society that explores alternatives so that consciousness that enables people to be common visions can be shaped. Participants truly themselves even in the midst of are not mere 'object'; they are 'subject', uncertainty, fear, even failure because having an ownership to the whole process dedication to the 'search for objective truth', because of their par ticipation and more often than not can undermine engagement. Dialogue is not a stage for previously held convictions, long-cherished exclusive stakeholder alone. It cease to beliefs while breaking pompous piety, “Dialogue” when it become an exclusive practices and attitude. Dialogue can never property. Dialogue must be an open space happen in isolation and in a vacuum. In it without judgment where every entity- men, strictest sense, dialogue, first must be self- women, local, outsiders, elders, young, reflective and perceptive to appreciate its educated, the un-schooled, the skilled, the processes in its engagement with others. It unskilled, landowners and the landless, the begins with an inner journey, that not only rich and the poor have its voice heard. heals, but also liberates.

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Part III: A 125 year old Town and its the issue of women marginalization and people is not a long time in the space of time exclusion is a society that is indifferent to the and history, that may explain Mokokchung's existing inequalities and discrimination in vulnerability and fragility which it is tested other sphere giving way to a society marked ever then and again. But it has also b y a l i e n a t i o n , d i s e n g a g e m e n t , witnessed the passing of many an era even fragmentation and despair. Whether we when it continues to hold to be a bastion of like it or not, discrimination of any kind traditions while heterogeneous culture, originate from the same set-of -beliefs that institutions and contemporary practices some people are inherently 'better' then have almost seem to replace the old. The others and therefore, 'self-entitled'. challenges are baffling but such interplay S u c h d i s c r i m i n a t i o n a n d displays the Town's character- its maturity overdeveloped and misplaced sense of self- and youthfulness, its delusions and entitlementis seen manifested in many of optimism, its altruism and selfishness, its our social and cultural entity including the grandeur and shame, its fatalism and very core - the village. The facts of history enterprises, its idealism and practicality, its must be acknowledged and critically control and liberty, its inclusivity and analyzed and interpreted; the narratives of exclusion, its warmness and coldness, its the solemnity of village settlement must be openness and closeness. respected and due recognition must be Mokokchung Town, even as it accorded. However we cannot continue to celebrate and envision the future, it would remain captives of the overzealous be helpful to examine the strengths, the preoccupation of the local villages over weaknesses, the opportunities and the 'founding fathers', 'the precedence of a clans challenges and threats and re-visit the past over another', the mindset of bigger villages not so much for sentimentality and 'lording' over smaller ones, settling disputes nostalgia, preservation and protection, and disagreements with muscle power, guised often in form of other agenda, but to amplified authority and arbitrary might. learn, re-learn and perhaps even un-learn Surely, a community cannot stand nor for the collective good so culture becomes survive or hold meaningful relationship if vibrant and not understood in pristine these are the only shared tradition and archaic form. belief-system. Such code of practice are s e e n r e p l i c a t e d b y t h e s o - c a l l e d Human rights are the responsibility of 'landowners', in governmental functionaries, everyone. It give dignity to individuals. The in civic bodies. It not only hampers public framework and dissemination of human harmony and co-existence, it eclipses and rights and indigenous right cannot be numb their sense of responsibility and initiated without engaging women, gender ability to think beyond harassing and issue within the context of power, tradition i n s t i l l i n g f e a r , r e s e n t m e n t a n d and culture in the Naga society. A society disengagement in the psyche of the that refutes reality and refuses to address

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'resident' - the public. experiences can be deliberated and implemented. We must dialogue our fears, When a village, or individuals or a our common challenges; we cannot remain group of people become preoccupied with strangers, faceless, or voiceless to each other. their own concern, it is difficult to persuade We need creative imagination and thinking them to be concerned for what is called the t h a t d e m o n s t r a t e m a g n a n i m o u s common good. If we choose to remain statesmanship at every level. It must captives and embrace such destructive encourage and engage the voice of dissent mindset, cultural and traditional practices, to surface. we are doomed and progress eludes us. That said, identity is a complex The Ao village is more than a mechanism, it is a dynamic process subject to settlement. It served our ancestors as a potential changes. Nagas have come to a socio-cultural, religious, economic and a point in history where the changing political unit. The land is almost sacred. The demographic profile of Naga society cannot territory and the cultural landscape of the be shelved off. Like any other state of the village are the primary expression of North east the influx of economic, political individual and group identity. We must not and environmental migrants from India and belittle the institution will self-serving elsewhere can no longer be ignored. narrow politics. Rather we must enhance Alongside, the “hybridity” of Ao with village mechanism and structure to “outsiders”is a social reality. A random promote good governance, power-sharing, “permit checking” drive on immigrants is no accountability and transparency, the longer enough. It will not solve the problem institution that revive local languages, either. The fact of the matter is that it is here to where stories are told, where our rich but stay. A deliberate conscious education, fragile eco-system are nurtured and the awareness and social policy not only by territorial land protected and communally governmental measures but coming from shared. The village is an important space to the core of our struggle which is humane is begin with. required. We must initiate dialogue with the Who are then, guardian and custodian “outsider”, who are now with “us”, one of us of these sacred heritage -the village? The and part of our social and cultural existence womenfolk, the children and men-folk of so the “outsiders”, the “other” can also the village living within and outside of the experience their fullest human existence village. Such collective responsibility is the living amongst us here in Mokokchung. A only way forward. To think otherwise would common Naga identity, shared on common b e n o t o n l y a s te p b a c k wa rd b u t values, duties, rights, responsibilities and discriminatory and repressive. A practical vision must be negotiated. A Naga history, an measure would be inclusion of womenfolk Ao narrative and identity need to emerge not in Village Senso (citizen's) meeting so in opposition to others, India and its collective insights, wisdom and varied neighboring states but in relation to each

145 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 other so peaceful existence can take place. must make condition conducive for dialogue Our primordial understanding of identity to begin. We must learn to create safe spaces has brought us thus far, in a changed milieu where differences, concerns and fears can be we need to revisit and carefully address this heard, addressed, reasoned and explored vital issue in both private and public spheres. creatively with openness and respect. In our society ravaged by war and Individual excellence must be conflict we have all experienced the trauma encouraged, but that is not enough. Today of witnessing violence in different forms. we need to embrace what is popularly Expert studies have consistently shown that known as the, “higher social intelligence”. exposure to violence has high level of The challenges and responsibility in which behavioural and emotional problems like human existence are thrust has propelled us depression, guilt, aggression, anxiety, hyper- all to harness the best in each others. It may v i g i l a n c e , h e l p l e s s n e s s , e x t r e m e be noted that the best of formal education vulnerability, withdrawal and attention must not be the domain of some exclusive deficit disorder. A study carried out 9 few. In the light of our discussion, it becomes months after Mokokchung December 27, a moral responsibility that we ensure holistic 1994 incident revealed 81 individuals out of education to each child. If only Mokokchung 115 who were experiencing Post-Traumatic can lead the way in this movement, it will be stress disorder (PTSD).The report are a firm stride towards what we are hoping to startling and disturbing. Dealing with inculcate in our society. Even the distance trauma are done most effectively when 2040 with all its contradictions and healing at all three level are considered: the limitations almost seem hopeful. national, the community and the individual The spirit of entrepreneurship, level. Something drastic needs to be i n n o v a t i o n a n d re s e a rc h m u s t b e undertaken. encouraged, nurtured and supported. We A framework for peace-building must once again reclaim the dignity of initiatives, and activities that can reduce labour and make it a part of our culture. God violence and deal with conflict must be in the beginning, in the Garden of Eden adopted in both formal and informal setting. mandated man to work and take care of all The initiative to live out the reality of His creation. It is part of God's plan for each redemption in reconciliation, healing and individual to work and be productive. forgiveness with self, with God and finally Mokokchung Town in its inception, in with others can become effective when the the 19thcentury even in its insularity and churches solemnly undertakes the ministry isolation was not totally closed. Today, the as a God given moral responsibility. Town, positioned in the gasp of a 'global Today, Mokokchung and its citizens village' is not yet truly open- it is a society still stand at the threshold of a social, cultural evolving, still in the process of growing, still and political change and contradiction. We opening. There must be an openness and an

146 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 acceptance to the possibility of change humility can only bring hope and in the paved by the continuous process of process rediscovering our humanness, dialogue. validating relationship based on truth, Mokokchung cannot sit on past glory openness and trust. We cannot grow nor as the nucleus in the spread of Christianity think in isolation; we cannot live in fear and and education in Nagaland. If it is with suspicious minds. It will be apt to relationships and services that gives initiate such a journey as we commemorate meaning to our existence, that can open our 125 years of Mokokchung Town. minds, hearts and souls; then we must begin What is the value of our Christianity, the journey of dialogue between and within our education, our learning, our traditions individuals, families, neighbors, localities, and experiences if it cannot bear and serve villages, the six ranges, our immediate each other and their Creator? It was indeed neighboring tribes, with Assam, with fellow the most revolutionary teaching when Nagas and the outside world. We must Jesus, the Nazarene, the Son of Man lived honestly address our attitudes, prejudices out His teaching, “by coming to serve and to and stereotypes towards our neighboring lay down His life as a ransom for many”. He communities and reach out to them and changed the paradigm of the age when he dialogue our differences, our common said, “If one wants to be great, one must challenges, apprehension and make learn to be serve”. Mokokchung Town, if it amends wherever required. If there be, we wants to be great and become what it is must acknowledge responsibility of any meant to be, then it must learn to serve the grievance inflicted to any communities. An people. Mokokchung must continue her acknowledgement of the wrongs will journey on “sacred ground” so she can be a enable dialogue and meaningful co- champion of freedom, a defender of the existence. We must set right what once weak, a beacon of hope, the nucleus that went wrong even between villages across nurtures great thoughts and ideas, and the Mokokchung. Such audacious act of space that embodies and embrace moral rectitude.

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UNDERSTANDING THE ECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF MOKOKCHUNG Building a Generation of Local Entrepreneurs

Tsükti Longkumer

First and foremost, let us try to doubt, our market has grown stronger over understand the meaning of 'economic the decades and our economic situation has dynamics' before trying to apply it in the also improved along with it. (It is important context of Mokokchung. By economic to note here that our economy is not dynamics, we mean the “forces or properties independent and that our economic which stimulate growth, development, or situation is almost totally controlled by change” within an economy. The Business external economic considerations like Dictionary defines the term 'economic national economic policies that are beyond dynamics' thus: Changes in an economic our control). system over time, particularly those In order to place the subject in context, reflected in the behaviour of markets, since the second half of the paper relates to business, and the general economy. b u i l d i n g a g e n e r a t i o n o f l o c a l The given topic “Understanding the entrepreneurs, I would like to postulate economic dynamics of Mokokchung” is a three waves of local entrepreneurs while very vast subject matter and if we are to trying to understand our economic study our economic dynamics as per dynamics. standard economic laws, we would require The first wave (1920s – 1940s) of local reliable data and statistics of our economy businessmen were the pioneers who spread over decades. Unfortunately, we do introduced to us a semblance of a market not have such ready information at our that undoubtedly was instrumental in disposal. Further, I am not an academic or an shaping our economy. Notable among them economist and, therefore, I do not have the were Noktsüra, Marsosang, Imkongtazüng, expertise or competence to dissect in detail Repalemba, Imkongmeren, etc. There were a our economic dynamics basing on economic few other non-local traders too who started theory and practice. their businesses along with the locals in this Therefore, I will try to share what I first wave. understand of our economic dynamics. We The second wave (1970s) saw the know that there was no 'market' in t h emergence of the likes of M.Bendangnukshi Mokokchung till the 19 century. A Longkumer. This period saw the emergence semblance of a market came to our town in th of a large non-local business community the first quarter of the 19 century. With time, while the number of locals in business the market grew steadily and we are what we stagnated. are here today after almost a century. No The third wave (1990s to present) is

148 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 happening now and we are witnessing the that we had were all drained down to Assam emergence of a sizeable number of local and beyond. And our economy became what entrepreneurs and businessmen in we now call a “salaried economy” and rightly Mokokchung today. so. If the government was to stop paying Here, I am using the term 'wave' and salary to its employees, can our economy not 'generation' because there were survive? It would crumble down leading to an generation gaps between the waves. We can economic depression and humanitarian notice that there was a generation gap crisis of incongruous proportions. This between the first wave and the second mentality needs to be corrected and wave. The same case can be seen between urgently. Our economic condition is not as the second wave and the third wave as well. strong as we would like it to be because our The first generation gap happened because mentality is not right as it ought to be. of the political turmoil in our land during Of late, a lot of local businessmen, which the situation was not conducive for traders and entrepreneurs have started their business or economic development. businesses in Mokokchung which is a Unfortunate but unavoidable, one could say. welcome development and one that must be However, the second generation gap as seen pushed forward. If this trend continues, I am above was a result of unhinged psychology optimistic that our economy by 2040 would and ignorance, which could have been be as strong as it can get. averted. Beginning this period, we were With this great expectation, I would like conditioned into believing that landing a to move on to the second half of the topic i.e. government job was the only prospect of Building a Generation of Local Entrepreneurs. earning a decent livelihood which left a Here, the first question that comes to mind is, huge imprint in our psyche so much so that it “is it realistic and possible to build a continues to impact us to this day. As a result generation of local entrepreneurs?” Yes, but of this conditioning, non-governmental jobs no. Yes, because anything is possible. No, (business, entrepreneurship, self-reliance, because we are pinned down by a mental etc) were not seen as viable alternatives. In block. We need to first of all break through the process, it created a mindset that this mental barrier before planning on how to regarded starting a business as a last resort build a generation of local entrepreneurs. to earn one's livelihood. It created a negative When this delusion is cleared, more local perception in the minds of our people entrepreneurs will emerge and then, say by towards starting and owning a business. This 2040, we can claim that we have build a new led us to a huge unemployment problem. generation of local entrepreneurs. It is Ultimately, our economic eco-system was therefore pertinent to first talk about derailed as we became a society of addressing the mental aspect before talking consumers without any producers. It about building a generation of local curtailed our economic growth as there was entrepreneurs. no wealth creation. The very little resources

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When we begin to realize that administration and management. But that entrepreneurs are the wealth creators, that will happen if and only when we change our they are the new job providers and that they mindset. are the engine of economic growth, we shall The brightest, the most educated and begin to respect them and their profession. the most talented ones should be It will even become fashionable to be an encouraged to become entrepreneurs. entrepreneur! Most importantly, when we When these people become successful change our mindset, we will begin asking entrepreneurs, Mokokchung's economy will the right questions as to what can be done grow at such a fast pace attracting investors to create conducive environment for from various parts of the country and world. economic development. Building a Tourism, for instance, is one industry where generation of local entrepreneurs is going we can excel. Tourism today is one of the to be a long process. When we change our biggest industries in the world surpassing mentality, more local entrepreneurs will even that of petroleum, food processing and emerge and when the number of local automobile industries. We may not have the entrepreneurs grows in number, they will expertise, raw materials or technological become stronger and more competitive know-how to develop these industries but thus triggering creativity and consistency. we have a ready-made industry in tourism. It Some will fail but most will succeed. And s i m p l y n e e d s t o b e m a r k e t e d b y when there are a large number of successful entrepreneurs. We must recognize this fact entrepreneurs, they will become a force to and understand, without letting our be reckoned with. Their activism will even preconceived notion about government influence government policies and decision jobs hinder us, that there is more scope for making processes. Thereon, a sustainable income generation in tourism industry than ecosystem for entrepreneurship will come in any government sector. So, when to being and economy will boom. There is educated and prospective entrepreneurs no magic formula but changing our outlook focus on this, they will explore the towards government jobs and correcting feasibilities. They will realize the threats and our mindset must be addressed first and opportunities. They will address the foremost if we are to build a generation of bottlenecks and manoeuvre their business local entrepreneurs. towards success. They will find solutions to A successful printer would want his the present problems like unnecessary children to pursue higher studies in printing harassment by police personnel at check technology just as a government employee gates and cumbersome process of procuring would want his children to study and crack ILP/RAP that are a deterrent to tourists. exams to land a government job. So also, a Mokokchung can then become the hotelier would want his children to study destination hill station for Jorhat, Sivasagar hotel management. An entrepreneur would and Golaghat just as Darjeeling is to Kolkata, want his children to study business Shillong is to Guwahati, Shimla is to Delhi,

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Otty is to Chennai or Kodaikanal is to economy but their successors failed to carry Madurai. o n – n o t e n t i r e l y t h e i r f a u l t b u t circumstantial. It is now our duty to take As stated earlier, I do not have the leadership and carry forward the task of competence to present an academic paper building our economy. Nobody will develop on this topic but it is based on my personal our economy, not even the government but observation and experience. I cannot scale us and us alone. Let us start building a the external factors of our economic generation of local entrepreneurs by dynamics but the internal factors are largely retuning our mindset. psychological and ignorance. The pioneers started well and laid the foundations of our It's all in your mind. Thank you.

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Inculcating a Culture of Free Thinking and Positive Behavior

Dr. Walunir

'Free Thinking' simply put is the act of high thinking' is an apt example of people processing thoughts in the mind, with free thinking and positive behavior. independent of conjecture, prejudice, Open mindedness, creativity and originality doctrine and popular belief. It is an integral are the hallmarks of free thinking individuals part of cognitive process and learning and they in turn gives raise to positive experience of human beings. This process behavior. In fact, free thinking and positive sources new ideas, innovations, inventions, behavior are complimentarily interrelated. discoveries, solutions and sustainable For one thing, free thinking individuals alternatives to otherwise redundant behave in positive manner and reversely, a traditions. person with positive behavior tends to be Individuals who exercise free thinking broad minded. Such individuals develop are driven by higher convictions and rise value system in lines with the best societal above petty issues and narrow minded values. Such value system stems from the concerns. Such minds make independent best of culture in relation with one's decisions, which are free from racial, tribal, independent thinking process. Individuals sectarian and partisan allegiances. They with positive behaviors move along the goal form independent opinions instead of of becoming well-adjusted, fully functioning uncritically registering and accepting individuals. other's opinions. Such people tend to have In some advanced societies, Positive strong disbelief in supernatural and Behavioral Supports Management Systems conventional and conformist beliefs. This is are run to regulate individual's behavior in not to say that free thinking individuals society. One agreement of individual's reject conventional opinions and societal inappropriate behavior is the functional beliefs, but that they rationalize everything nature of a given behavior – it serves a before accepting and practicing them. A purpose. Some people often reinforce their sound and open mind is an agent of socially undesired behaviors because they doubting, critical judgment and creativity. receive others' attention out of a given A free thinking person produces behavior. In this case it becomes a societal tangible ideas and practices. Persons with responsibility to give due recognition to such minds are catalysts of change in human individuals on even the slightest positive society. The popular dictum, 'simple living, behavior of individual.

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Thinking process of narrow minded years of wasted resources. individuals are seldom conditioned, if not, Narrow minded societies are infested influenced by religious dogmatism, political with blind imitation of outward foreign ideologies and popular practices and culture; extravagant weddings; extravagant beliefs, which oftentimes are utopian, Jubilee celebrations of churches and civil redundant or impractical. Besides, shallow s o c i e t y o r g a n i z a t i o n s . A n o t h e r minds are best breeding grounds of pride, characteristic feature of shallow minded intolerance, dogmatism, imitation, society is politician-idol worship, leading to extravagance and superficiality. Another herd mentality - an indication of complete symptom of shallow mindedness is desire lack of reason and judgement amongst for materiality – a death-trap to free and masses. The alternative is the model of progressive thinking. It contains the mind in 'community of ants', a society that acts on the narrow circuit of transient material instinct and yet, socially desired behavior. conditions of life – status, fashionable Cultured societies are free from social clothes, trendy accessories, jazzy cars and prejudice, class consciousness, dogmatic luxurious house.The danger lurking beliefs, dependence and mimicry. Tolerance beneath such pursuit is location of honour and self-reliance are chief traits of a free and prestige in ephemeral concerns of life. thinking society. Other desirable social Such is the characteristic of a baser mind behavior of advanced society includes high which finds contentment in transient l e v e l o f s o c i a l i n t e r d e p e n d e n c e , material things. unrestrained social mobility. Positive A danger persists in mistaking 'free societal behavior manifests in the form of thinking' with 'dreaming'. Nagas in the i n c l u s i ve, h u m a n e, u n i ve r s a l a n d 1950's dreamed of a free land and masses of sustainable decisions and practices. Such youth with 'patriotic' zeal responded to the societies believe in universal brotherhood, cause: far from realising, we have not been liberty, gender equality and social justice. able to understand the dream. In the 1970s The onus of inculcating free thinking the 'servants' of God proclaimed to send and positive behavior lies in the hands of 10,000 missionaries to the world and one parents and teachers. Till the 1990s, there offspring of almost every Naga family was a subject in school curriculum of studied theology for two ensuing decades; Nagaland called 'Moral Science'. Such a in the 1990s parents of Nagaland dreamed subject does not find relevance in this to produce IAS in every household and for globalized materialistic world; we find two decades, graduates ventured out to the currency of subjects as foreign language and metro cities to claim the heritage of their computer basics. One and half decades into parents' dream only to return home after

153 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 the new millennium, global trends have way of life of a given group of people. changed in terms of children's education Civilizations are gauged by cultural and curriculum. In fact children learn refinement and values. The depth of ideas computer basics and even foreign language and level of refinement are reflected in on their own, there is no need for a separate human behavior, which are the chief subject on basic language and computer indicators of a civilized society. Such traits skills. Schools and colleges need to get back are acquired and transmitted through a to 'moral science' and personality prolonged and continued process of social development. Parental guidance based on interaction and learning. The question is, popular practices seldom come into direct how long will it take for our townspeople to opposition with aspirations and attitudes of imbibe free thinking and refined behavior? their children. This is also one reason why When will 'free thinking' and 'positive schools hold regular teacher Parent-Teacher behavior' become characteristic identity Meetings (PTM). traits of our society? If parents instill good Social and religious institutions behavior in their children; if teachers should claim responsibility of inculcating implant passion for knowledge and trigger desirable attitude, habit and behavior creative streak amongst students; if amongst the members of society. What politicians give truth and able youth a remains still is internalization of these traits c h a n c e ; i f b u r e a u c r a t s w o r k o u t by the target learners, for it requires a development on the ground; if public transformation of heart and mind. At the become aware of their individual and initial stage, it will involve effort on political rights; if the youth become free individual as well as institutional levels. thinking and responsible citizens, we would However, in the long run, these traits will be a sensible and creatively progressive become integral part of society - a normal society.

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Nurturing a Mindset that is Conducive for Economic Development

Rev. Dr. Wati Aier & Dr. Pangernungba Kechu

The initiative of Vision Mokokchung conducive for economic development. 2040 is a critical intervention in the historical Although there are many factors that praxis of the Naga people, particularly the drive economic development the attitudes Aos. We can take “mindset” to mean of people play a crucial role in determining “tangatetba” or “shisatsu” in Ao language. the scope and content of progress. B. Mindset is an attitude and a spirit that guides Kilangla Jamir emphasizes the need for our interpretation of events/situations, change in human attitudes in order for real influences our actions, and nurtures our development to happen in Nagaland. She hopes and aspirations. Mindset is the notes, “Keeping in mind the present scenario, worldview or the lens through which we act Nagaland needs the creation of new man, and also look at everything. It is entities such the citizen of the new state, the man in the as culture, religion, democracy, and era of science, the industrial man. This education that shape our mindset. Clearly, implies changes in attitudes that its people the present mindset of Ao people is not very have efficiency, diligence, orderliness, conducive for economic development. We honesty, rationality in decision on actions, hope that other writers will comment on the willingness to change, alertness to new deficit of this “development mindset” from opportunities, energetic enterprise, integrity various perspectives. and self-reliance, cooperativeness and We want to underscore the fact that as willingness to take risk. This change in indigenous people, we look at development attitude towards modernization can only from an agrarian and subsistence lead Nagaland towards development” perspective and this is quite different from (Jamir: 2002, 76). Jamir articulates with the modern capitalist logic of economic clarity the need for attitudinal changes that rationality, introduced by through the state are so urgently required among the Ao and of Nagaland. The ideal tribal notion of Naga people. This change in mindset should development has a spiritual orientation and be addressed at the foundational, collective it is pursued in the context of community and individual levels. well-being and long-term sustainability. PROBING THE FOUNDATIONS OF OUR Contrarily, the capitalist model of MINDSET development is primarily materialistic, individualistic, and based on private The nurturing of an economic-friendly ownership. We need to take cognizance of mindset should begin by probing the these fundamental differences when we foundations or sources of our mindset. We comment on whether our mindset is can name tribal culture, Naga nationalism,

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Christianity, state, and modernity as some of back from participating and contributing the major sources that shape the changing meaningfully in the context of modern Ao economic mindset. If we agree with this democracy. While our myths and rich observation then we cannot avoid asking histories may provide us with a glorious past ourselves a series of questions. First, do we and a transcending identity, it will not carry have a uniformly constructed Naga or Ao much value if they do not help us flourish economic mindset or are we talking about economically and more forward in the mindsets (such as tribal mindset, modern modern context. The suggestion here is not mindset)? If we do not have a shared to abandon our rich culture but for finding economic mindset then how does this ways of reinterpreting our age-old traditions influence our practice of development? and wisdom by giving them a pragmatic Second, is our view of development present and future orientation. In other primarily shaped by a tribal economic words, we need to embrace a scientific mindset which upholds a policy that mindset in order to de-scaralize the myths aggressively promotes one's village/tribe and customary practices that hold us back over against others? Third, do Ao churches from moving forward. Additionally, we must teach and disciple people to practice values allow room for new elements of historical of justice and integrity in public life and contingency to re-shape and expand our government set-up? Finally, do we have a moral horizon and self-understanding as a sense of moral ownership and responsibility people. over the state? All of these questions require A cosmology that fixes us to the past deeper study which we will not be able to without the space for venturing and risking address in this short reflection. into the future impedes economic N E E D F O R R E O R I E N T I N G O U R development. N. Talitemjen Jamir and A. COLLECTIVE AND INDIVIDUAL MINDSET Lanunungsang show the importance of making a clear distinction between myth Alongside addressing fundamental and reality when they write that “Today, issues that have been identified above, we Longtrok/Ungtrok is considered as a should deal with a host of collective and symbolic object of origin but not as a individual concerns, as discussed below. fundamental basis of conflict for the Aos as in De-sacralizing our Tribal Cosmology the past. It is so relevant to consider Longtrok and Customary Practices legend as the beginning of social Ao cosmologies in the form of oral construction…. If we make a point of tradition, cultural resources, customary c o n t r a s t b e t w e e n L o n g t r o k a n d practices and sobaliba deeply influence the Chungliyimti, the first is a legendary object way we look at the reality and our future. If whereas the latter is a historical village” we want to survive as a people in the context (Jamir and Lanunungsang: 2005, 26-27).The of the 21st century we must adapt and re- wisdom of this comment by two of our interpret the cultural resources that hold us learned scholars and elders is that they show

156 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 us how important it is for us to make a and collective destiny. Do we have there distinction between the “symbolic-literal” sources to question the future, prepare and “legendary-historical.”Alongside, when common people for it, and to bend it to our they suggest that the longtrok legend could will? be viewed as the beginning of social Learning to Develop Economic construction among the Aos, they are trying Security on the Basis of One's Strengths to make the point that cosmologies themselves are the cultural and social Ao people seem to be depending on a constructs of human beings. Unless we learn misplaced sense of economic security. to interpret our cosmologies with a fair Despite all the flux and changes among Ao sense of realism and practical wisdom, the people, it is safe to say that we are a fear is that our community will move ten conservative society as we continue to steps backward every time we attempt to invoke our past (customary laws, village march one step forward. history. clan seniority, land owner rights) to find security and legitimization for the A Time Orientation with a Strong Focus on present. More so, we aggressively employ the Immediate Future the same standard to compete with fellow Time can be categorized under four villagers or for securing some economic frames of reference: the past, the present, e n t i t l e m e n t s o v e r a g a i n s t o t h e r the immediate future, and a distant future communities. Ao people should learn to (eschatological). A mindset having a strong flourish economically on the basis of our focus on the immediate future offers the educational, professional, mental and best condition for economic development. physical skills and strengths. However, a larger part of our culture is Nurturing a Shared Economic Vision and a caught up in the exaltation of the glorious Mindset of Collective Ownership past. This notion is informed by the mythic belief that nature, time and life are cyclical The apex bodies in Mokokchung and repetitive. The use of categorical claims Distric t (such as Distric t Planning such as “first-settlers,” “unique history” and Committee, Ao Senden, Watsu Mungdang, “age-old traditions” come to mind in this Ao Baptist Arogo Mungdang, and Ao case. Besides, we are deeply divided and too Kaketshir Mungdang) should work together selfishly indulgent in the present. As for the in charting a common development agenda. distant future, many dream unrealistically This process will not only motivate groups that a solution to the Naga political problem a n d i n d i v i d u a l s tow a rd e co n o m i c one day would usher in a time when our land productivity but also nurture a sense of would overflow with milk and honey. And collective ownership and responsibility there are others who are worried only among the people. superficially about their future. An Protecting Community Resources and immediate future orientation motivates S o c i a l C a p i t a l f r o m I n d i v i d u a l human action and control over individual Manipulation

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W h i l e o u r c o m m o n p r o p e r t y Practicing an Expansive Ethical Code and resources, particularly the tribal land Moral Horizon holding pattern requires major overhauling, If we desire to develop equally and these resources should not be sacrificed for harmoniously as a people we should learn to building the economic fortunes of some apply the age-old tribal virtues of truth and individuals or groups. More important, the justice in everything and everywhere amazing social capital that Ao people without drawing up boundaries (my clan, practice by way of extending solidarity for their village) and distinctions (rich-poor, the clan, sacrifice for the village, and love for men-women). Likewise, we should make community and tribe should not be sure that our cherished ethical codes such as m a n i p u l a t e d f o r p r o m o t i n g t h e solidarity, sharing, and compassion should development agenda of some powerful be practiced outside our family and clan elites. We must ensure that the long-term network. Above all, we should not allow prospects for development of the Ao these values to be twisted and hijacked for people should not be sacrificed for the promoting the interest of some people. In short-term political and economic gains of short, we should allow the radius of Ao moral some politicians or leaders. horizon to transcend one's village or Overcoming the institutionalized constituency. Mindset of Moral Hypocrisy Need a Mindset that Puts People at the Moral hypocrisy is a condition in which Centre of Development people live with multiple and often The present economic ideology in contradictory values without questioning Nagaland advocates that development them too seriously. It is very unfortunate comes from the hands of the politicians and that such a state of moral hypocrisy has bureaucrats. At its best, development is become an assumption and a way of life for presented as “discretion” or an undeserved our people. No amount of material and “favour” that is given by a government economic packages will be able to develop official to the people. Instead of people who the Nagas unless we confront this should be demanding their economic challenge. Since none of the moral systems entitlements and setting their economic (for example, tribal values, Christian value, vision, the power to effect development is modern values) are final and binding in the concentrated in the hands of a few political lives of the people, they can alternate and and government elites. Rather than viewing align with any of the value systems at their development as people's power and right, it convenience and as and when it serves their is seen as the outcome of the exercise of purposes. The practice of moral hypocrisy arbitrary power by a few powerful. We need impedes economic growth as it cannot to do away with the present practice of foster consistent values of discipline, patronage development and economic integrity and justice in individual as well as in corporate life.

158 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 patrimonialism and evolve a system where obligation. It will be difficult for holistic common people can exercise the power for progress to come our way unless we allow effecting an economic development in the merit, fair competition and integrity to guide way that is best for them. our spirit of development. Living by the Conviction that we “Live in We have sought to identify some areas order to Work” where the mindset of Ao people needs to undergo a process of radical re-orientation. Development happens in a context Attending to these concerns will go a long where work, irrespective of whether one is a way in the shaping the possibilities for a teacher or a cobbler, is accorded the highest planetary, ecological, human, and economic value of self-respect in a society. However, in flourishing among the Ao and Naga people. our context, most of us work or seek a job in order to live and survive. This notion is very References misleading as human beings ought to live in B. Kilangla Jamir, “Structural Change in order to work. Protestantism, especially the Economy of Nagaland,” in Dimensions of through Max Weber's Protestant Ethic and Development in Nagaland. C. Joshua the Spirit of Capitalism, teaches that work is Thomas and Gurudas Das, editors, 76. New a calling and that it is the moral duty and Delhi: Regency Publications, 2002 obligation of a person to invest and save D e p a r t m e n t o f P l a n n i n g a n d money and resources. A “work” must Coordination, District Human Development motivate us and it should be goal-oriented. Report–Mokokchung 2013 (Nagaland: What is needed today among us is the Department of Planning and Coordination, questioning of our motivations and goals for 2014) work. L a w r e n c e E . H a r r i s o n , The Practice of Merit and Professionalism Underdevelopment is a State of Mind in Awarding Development (Cambridge: Centre for International Affairs, Professionalism and discipline sets the Harvard University; Lanham, Md: University standards and qualities of development. Press of America, 1985) Whereas, in our context, most of the job N . T a l i t e m j e n J a m i r a n d A . appointments, contracts and economic L a n u n u n g s a n g, N a g a S o c i e t y a n d benefits are awarded on the basis of political Culture(Jorhat, Assam: Nagaland University, connections, nepotism, and social Tribal Research Centre, 2005)

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Envisioning Mokokchung 2040: Critical Role of Justice and Integrity for Peace and Development

Zulunungsang Lemtur

Introduction long way since its inceptions and in the past Justice and I ntegr it y are key 125 years it has undergone multifaceted cornerstones of development, human changes and development. We owe it to rights, peace and security. Peace and those who have endured painstaking efforts development can only be established and to place us where are we now. However, we maintained when all actors individuals, need to retrospect and see what has went organizations and institutions publicly wrong in the process of change. Today, we promulgated, equally enforced and live in a social structure that allows the independently adjudicated institutional widening gap between the haves and the framework governed by the principles of have-nots and in a political system that transparency, integrity, justice and separates the powerful and powerless from accountability. What is the relationship each other. Our society has encounter between these terms: integrity, justice, myriad categories of virulent injustices peace and development? Can we talk of which are ricochet by unbridled corruption. peace and development without justice and Corruption has taken our society to the integrity? Today, more specifically with point where it is no longer considered much regard to peace and development, what can of a problem. It has become a way of life. we expect over the course of next few years? There is a spirit of opportunism and living on How can we define an order that leads to the back of others. Bribery, denial of human peace and development or how justice can rights, back door employments, taxation, be seen as foundation for peace and favouritisms and prejudices, funds meant development? Far from simple, these for development are siphoned for personal questions could be the subject of a gain. All these issues challenges the premise voluminous document all by itself. of justice and integrity and this in many ways Nonetheless, I would like to suggest have curtailed peace and development. measures in my modest attempt which I Communities are divided by conflicts believe are some key factors to promote cropping up with issues in relation to land, justice and integrity on one hand and peace clanism, inter village rivalries, gender and development on the other. injustice, differences between communities, Situating the Context insurgency problem, widening gaps between rich and poor, societies plagued by No doubt, Mokokchung has came a

160 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 violence and abuse. We live in a milieu where the classical problem of tyranny of the traditions that bind communities are majority or the powerful, whereby rights of weaken by commercial influence and the people are challenged by corrupt i m p o r t e d l i f e s t y l e , m e d i a a n d practices and unfair electoral mechanism. entertainment that promote violence, This has resulted only in hindering peace distort community values and invite and development and has undermined destructive behaviour that harbour and justice. In many ways we are to be blamed breeds injustice and undermine integrity. because we succumbs to shrewd political Besides another dangerous precedence that game of power and money. has obliterated peace and development is We are enjoying the present at the cost of money politics which ultimately plays the sacrifices that future generations will another fiddle to achieve one's personal have to make on our behalf, and it will be interest and banters to the desire of the few inevitable for our next generations to pay a by exacerbating antagonism. We must also high cost for our inaction and wrong doings. ask ourselves: who is ruling our societies? Is It is time that we call a 'spade a spade' and be political governing subject to financial free from the oppressive and unjust hegemony? Is there a new form of financial structures and systems that impede justice, colonialism ruling the our society/state? This peace and mutual flourishing. situation has led to a breakdown in Suggestions credibility, in trust and in solidarity in our societies and this is preventing self-reliance The question lingers, where is the face to be communal. Mutual help has become of justice and integrity as vicious cycle of more difficult to realise and this has corruptions and vices destroy the very fabric prevented local capacity from becoming a of our society? The underlying idea is that real force for development. there is co-relatedness of all these features and cannot be discuss separately any Furthermore, an important factor that disruption would spiral down a chain of h a s c u r t a i l e d j u s t i c e , p e a c e a n d reaction which would eventually bring our development is the electoral politics. society to a grim halt. We need to realize that Democracy is one justified form of transformation is an ongoing process. We government where legitimacy emanates have become aware of the fact that the from the people which balanced and present trend of corruptions, prejudices and rationally organized society. However, we injustices are not going to give us peace and are so baffled as how democracy has been development on a platter and that we have practiced today, whereby muscle power, to work with all people of good will to coup system, and money plays an important influence events and policies so that we role in electorate. This has only resulted in

161 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 move forward in the direction we have Furthermore, NGO's should play more chosen as our destiny; Vision Mokokchung proactive role as a just pressure group. It 2040, we need to: should provide crucial information, monitor Formulate strategies whereby, decisions of Government, creating economic systems exist for humankind and opportunities, policy making, should not the other way around; Empowerment overcome attitudes of narrow self-interest and participation of people and not and promote the spirit of multi-lateralism. accumulation of wealth/possessions should Above, it should be the voice of the people be the basic organizing principles; The idol and those at the peripheries and be the of materialism should be replaced by agents of change working justice and respect for human beings, other living upholding the rights of the citizens. Also the c r e a t u r e s a n d t h e e n v i r o n m e n t ; mission of the church is to live and preserve Opportunities and employment should be the God's peace and despite human failings, based on justice without discrimination and communicate prophetically the message of malpractices; Developmental policies peace to the world in situations of conflicts, should be based on people's participation violence, injustices, oppression and and empowerment at all levels instead of strengthen her contribution to ongoing abusing people's as consumers and factors efforts for transformation of person and o f p r o d u c t i o n ; P r o m o t i n g l o c a l society towards greater peace, justice and entrepreneurships and local economic communion. The church should be more development; Promote gender equality conscious of their responsibility to incarnate and empowerment of women; Respecting the message of peace and justice in our human dignity and Integrity; Solidarity with globalized world as witness of the others and the vulnerable, Ensuring authenticity of its faith. Sustainable environmental development We need to be conscious that the with the spirit of good stewardship; Aim at theory of modernization designates integral development; Have an open urbanization, industrialization and market attitude and readiness for reconciliation; economy which drives as the principal force Access to primary education and health for development. Development in many facilities at all levels and villages; Proper instances has breed injustices whereby, the road and communication network; rich, the bureaucrat, and the likes has made promote civic awareness and civic a mockery of development by developing participation at all levels; and most their palace and healthy bank accounts importantly ensuring and promoting just which has led to unbalanced social politics and root out corruptions and relationship. Such disparities pose malpractices. fundamental challenges to justice and

162 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 integrity, social cohesion, development and The ethical view we have of our world is the public good within what has become a rationale and the basis for development. global human community. As such, T h i s v i e w m u s t b e c o m e a m o r a l developmental programs should not be at commitment to planned action so that the the expense of the poor and the weak where ethical vision can become a reality. injustices rules at the whims, rhetoric and These basic virtues should guide our mercies of the rich for their own benefit. human behaviour and assist us in organizing Also, in the light of pertinent climate and our life together, both at individual and at ecological issues, the concept of sustainable the social level. They need to be translated development should be based on catering into economic and political concepts and to human needs and preserving the policies. This translation of virtues into ecosystem so that future generations are concrete planning is always a trial and error not prevented from meeting their needs, p ro ce s s a n d i n co nt i n u a l n e e d o f which in later years can be trace back to this adjustment. Our achievements will never be vision 2040. perfect, but we must not give up trying to Let us be appraised that when Justice improve things. If these virtues are to is achieved, Peace is realized. Development become the reality of our life and the embraces all dimensions of human guidelines for our behaviour we must apply existence. Development must be based intellectual and scientific knowledge, both upon moral values, like trust, solidarity, theoretical and practical. We must learn to altruism, companionship, honesty, respect debate about policies and acknowledge for others, tolerance, forgiveness, mercy. It different views, but always with the implies an engagement with the world. It profound desire to do what is best for all the aims at improving the quality of life, people. We observe that there is light and realising the unfinished capacity of nature. shadow. Progress has been made but there Fatalistic attitudes and underdevelopment are big drawbacks. Ideas and new diminish the humanity of people and approaches are needed to improve the therefore their potential for development. If situation and to accelerate the needed there is respect for humanity, if attention is transformation. We need be reminded that, given to justice and efforts are made to though darkness dwells, there is always the maintain peace, then development will be hope for dawn; a dawn in peoples 'Vision the result. This implies that if there is Mokokchung 2040.' disorder, injustice and a lack of peace, there Conclusion will be a lack of development. It is a certain The moment of Justice and Peace ethical view we have of creation, of life and of human society, a particular worldview.

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'now' is the need of the hour. Delay and development we must prevent and denial of justice and peace have been eliminate personal and structural violence, modern techniques employed by those in prejudices, violence, nepotism, corruptions powers, making 'now-ness' redundant and and the likes. We must be responsible to forgotten. Delay and denial are the deadliest those who have gone before us, living in forms of injustices happening around and ways that honour the wisdom of our those that are struggling for justice go from ancestors. We also have a responsibility to pillar to post in search for it, and often are those who are the future: our children, the frustrated and becomes as victims of future of our society. Our Children deserve injustice. 'Now' is not just a matter of time to inherit a more just and a peaceful world. sandwiched between hours and seconds or The tag Mokokchung-Land of Pioneers can expressed in those values. But 'now' is an only be meaningful and realized by adding invitational situation calling for action more beauty to the fabric of manyness if towards Justice, Peace and Development. only we adhere to promote justice, integrity, We need to belief that we are capable of and peace. This should be our vision of transforming the destructive energy of Mokokchung 2040;pioneering towards- the injustice and violence into a constructive Land of Peace and Bliss. force nur turing life. The citizen of Mokokchung should invite people across all walks of life to consider our goal and vision and to share our journey. It invites all of us to testify with our lives. To pursue peace and

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Nurturing a Mindset that is Conducive for Planetary-Human Flourishing: Economic Development Rev. Dr. Wati Aier (presented by Dr. Panger Kichu)

I want to begin by noting that the conducive for development. I believe that initiative of putting together a vision many of these reasons are too well known to document on Mokokchung 2040 under the us. However, my purpose here is to leadership of the Mayangnokcha Trust is a underscore some conceptual and analytical kairotic one. I would like to congratulate the blocks which I feel should inform our Trust for this noble task and hope that this understanding of the topic. process would captivate and spur the PROBING THE FOUNDATIONS/SOURCES collective energies and imagination of the OF OUR MINDSET Ao people toward the nurturing of a planetary-human praxis. Indeed, I would Clearly, in the Naga context, the like to invite all of us to view the celebration foundations of our mindset are, among and envisioning of Mokokchung 2040 as a m a ny o t h e r s : t r i b a l c u l t u re, N a g a critical prophetic mediation in the historical nationalism, Christianity, state, and praxis of the Naga people. modernity. If we agree with this observation then we cannot avoid ask a series of We can take “mindset” to mean questions: First, do we have a uniform and “tangatetba” in our Ao language. Mindset is cohesively constructed mindset or are we an attitude and a spirit. It is a mental attitude talking about mindsets (and even optional that guides our interpretations of mindsets). Second, what is the predominant events/situations, influences our actions, factor through which Ao people look at and nurtures our hopes and aspirations. It is economic development? Is it from the lens entities such as culture, religion, democracy, of tribal culture (customary law, solidarity, and education that shape our mindset? In sobaliba, land owner rights)? Third, does short, mindset is the worldview or the lens religion teach and disciple people to through which we filter or look at practice values of justice and integrity in everything. Alongside, it is necessary to public life and government set-up? Fourth, situate our discussion of mindset in the do Ao people have a sense of moral context of both planetary and human ownership and responsibility over the state? survival. Finally, can Naga and Ao people in particular I will not indulge in listing the dozens talk about “mindset” in a context where of reasons as to why the present mindset of “ m o r a l h y p o c r i s y ” h a s b e e n Mokokchung is predominantly not institutionalized? By this we mean a

165 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 situation where people take it as a “given” construction…. If we make a point of and feel it very normal in appealing to c o n t r a s t b e t w e e n L o n g t r o k a n d multiple/optional moral values for serving Chungliyimti, the first is a legendary object their convenience? How can we talk about a where as the latter is a historical village” mindset in a situation where Ao people (Jamir and Lanunungsang: 2005, 26-27.The speak the best of ideas in the world but do wisdom of this comment by two of our of the worst? In sum, is there a minimum learned scholars and elders is that they show framework that can shape a shared us how important it is for us to make a constructive mindset among the Ao distinction between the symbolic-literal and people? legendary-historical.Alongside, when they THE URGENT NEED FOR REORIENTING suggest that the longtrok legend could be THE FOUNDATIONS OF OUR COLLECTIVE viewed as the beginning of social MINDSET construction among the Aos, they are pushing the point that cosmologies D e - s a c r a l i z i n g o u r T r i b a l themselves are the makings of human Cosmology: Should the Ao people de- beings. Unless we learn to interpret our sacralize the myths, legends and cultural cosmologies with a fair sense of realism and narratives that provide a transcendent practical wisdom, the fear is that our character to their clan, village and tribal community will go ten steps backward identity? The suggestion here is not to every time we attempt to march one step abandon our rich tradition and history but forward. for finding ways of overcoming the narratives that hold us back by embracing a Time Focus: Time can be categorized scientific outlook, and also by allowing under four frame of reference: the past, the room for new elements of historical present, the immediate future, and a distant contingency and openness. A cosmology future/eschatological. Our culture is that fixes us to the past without the space for predominantly caught up in the exaltation venturing and risking into the future of the glorious past, informed by the belief impedes development. N. Talitemjen Jamir that time is cyclical and repetitive. The use of and A. Lanunungsang show the importance phrases such as “pioneers” or “unique of making a clear distinctions between myth history” comes to mind in this case. Besides, and reality when they write that “Today, we are over indulgent in the present and are Longtrok/ Ungtrok is considered as a worried only superficially about the distant symbolic object of origin but not as a future. But a focus on the immediate future fundamental basis of conflict for the Aos as that is within reach is the most conducive in the past. It is so relevant to consider frame of reference that we require for Longtrok legend as the beginning of social development. An immediate future

166 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 orientation motivates human action and PERSONAL PREREQUISITES FOR control over individual and collective ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT destiny. Do we have the resources to The Value of Work: Development question the future, prepare common happens in a contex t where work people for it, and to bend it to our will? (irrespective of whether one is a teacher or a A Misplaced Sense of Order and cobbler) is accorded the highest value of Security: Despite all the flux and change in self-respect in a society. However, in our Ao history, we are a conservative society as context, most of us work or seek a job in we continue to invoke our past (customary order to live/survive. But we do not live in laws, village history) to find security and order to work. In other words, a work must legitimization for the present. motivate us and it must be goal-oriented. Common Good and Collective Telos: What is needed today is the questioning of Do the tribe, government and church in the our motivations and goals for work. Ao region share a common frame of Protestantism, especially through Max reference. Or do they promote competing Weber's Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of and contradicting narratives (Church: Capitalism, teaches that work is a calling and heaven; state: economic development, that it is the moral duty and obligation of a integration with mainland India; Naga person so invest and save money. Nationalism: freedom, Naga nation; tribe: Frugality: Saving-investment, not well-being of the tribe, preservation of Ao consumption (but look at our life styles culture). today): exalt saving and condemn spending. Balancing Community-individual Justice: True development cannot Rights and Responsibilities: While every come through a mindset that is willing to effort must be made in making use of sacrifice justice for the sake of personal common property resources and social advancement and fulfillment of social and capital (solidarity, obligation, love for cultural obligation. community) for the good of all, discovery of Authority: Authority resides in the law individual selfhood and maturity is essential and right governance. Power is dispersed for effecting development in the right and horizontal in a development-friendly direction. context. In our context, development comes An Expansive Ethical Code and to us as a “discretion” or as a favour. Moral Horizon: The radius of our moral Development is not seen as a people's right horizon should transcend one's village or but seen as outcome of the exercise of constituency. arbitrary power by a few powerful. The

167 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 power to effect development is vertical, that integrity and self-reliance, cooperativeness is, being concentrated in the hands of a few and willingness to take risk. This change in political and government elites. attitude towards modernization can only Merit: Professionalism and discipline lead Nagaland towards development.” sets the standards and qualities of References development. Whereas, in our context, B. Kilangla Jamir, “Structural Change in development/opportunities are made the Economy of Nagaland,” in Dimensions of available on the basis of connections, Development in Nagaland. C. Joshua Thomas nepotism and obligation. and Gurudas Das, editors, 76. New Delhi: Allow me to end our deliberation with Regency Publications, 2002;Department of the succinct observation of B. Kilangla Jamir. Planning and Coordination, District Human She writes, “Keeping in mind the present Development Report–Mokokchung 2013 scenario, Nagaland needs the creation of (Nagaland: Department of Planning and new man, the citizen of the new state, the Coordination, 2014); Lawrence E. Harrison, man in the era of science, the industrial man. Underdevelopment is a State of Mind This implies changes in attitudes that its (Cambridge: Centre for International Affairs, people have efficienc y, diligence, Harvard University; Lanham, Md: University orderliness, honesty, rationality in decision Press of America, 1985); N. Talitemjen Jamir on actions, willingness to change, alertness and A. Lanunungsang, Naga Society and to new opportunities, energetic enterprise, Culture(Jorhat, Assam: Nagaland University, Tribal Research Centre, 2005).

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GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS

1. Education : Mrs. Rowainla, DDEO 2. Medical : Chief Medical Officer 3. Power : Er. Moa Aier, EE (E) 4. Roads & Bridges (PWD – R&B) : Er. Imna, EE (R&B) 5. Veterinary : Dr. Mapumeren, CV & AH Officer

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Education Department

Rowainla, DDEO Mokokchung

If education and progress are and lack of ambition. intrinsically linked, is the present quality of Creating a few more schools or education and delivery good enough? If allowing hundreds of colleges and private not, what are the short comings and how universities to mushroom is not going to can it be addressed? solve the crisis of education in India. And a Education has been a problem in our crisis it is – we are in a country where people country and lack of it has been blamed for all are spending their parent's life savings and sorts of evil for hundreds of years. From the borrowed money on education – and even colonial times, few things have changed. We then not getting standard education, and have established IITs, IIMs, law schools and struggling to find employment of their other institutions of excellence; students choice. In this country, millions of students now routinely score 90% marks so that even are victim of an unrealistic, pointless, students with 90+ percentage find it mindless rat race. The mind numbing difficult to get into the colleges of their competition and rote learning do not only choice; but we do more of the same old stuff. crush the creativity and originality of Rote learning still plagues our system, millions of Indian students every year; it also students study only to score marks in exams, drives brilliant students to commit suicide. and sometimes to crack exams like IIT JEE, We also live in a country where the AIIMS or CLAT. The colonial masters people see education as the means of introduced education systems in India to climbing the social and economic ladder. If create clerks and civil servants, and we have the education system is failing – then it is not deviated much from that pattern till certainly not due to lack of demand for good today. If once the youngsters prepared en education, or because a market for masse for civil services and bank officers education does not exist. exams, they now prepare to become Education system in India is failing engineers. If there are a few centres of because of more intrinsic reasons. There are educational excellence, for each of those systemic faults that do not let our demand there are thousands of mediocre and for good education translate into a great terrible schools, colleges and now even marketplace with excellent education universities that do not meet even services. Let's explore something else in this minimum standards. If things have changed one: what should change in India education a little bit somewhere, elsewhere things system? What needs to be fixed at the have sunk into further inertia, corruption earliest? Here is my list: 170 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Focus on skill based education graduates in the world, but that certainly has not translated into much technological Our education system is geared innovation here. Rather, we are busy towards teaching and testing knowledge at running the call centres of the rest of the every level as opposed to teaching skills. world – that is where our engineering skills “Give a man a fish and you feed him one day, end. teach him how to catch fishes and you feed him for a lifetime.” I believe that if you teach The goal of our new education system a man a skill, you enable him for a lifetime. should be to create entrepreneurs, Knowledge is largely forgotten after the innovators, artists, scientists, thinkers and semester exam is over. Still, year after year writers who can establish the foundation of Indian students focus on cramming knowledge based economy rather than the information. The best crammers are low-quality service provider nation that we rewarded by the system. This is one of the are turning into. fundamental flaws of our education system. Effective deregulation Reward creativity, original thinking, Until today, an institute of higher research and innovation education in India must be operating on a Our education system rarely rewards not-for profit basis. This is discouraging for what deserves highest academic accolades. entrepreneurs and innovators who could Deviance is discouraged. Risk taking is have worked in these spaces. On the other mocked. Our testing and marking systems hand, many people are using education need to be built to recognize original institutions to hide their black money, and contributions, in form of creativity, problem often earning a hefty income from solving, valuable original research and education business through clever innovation. If we could do this successfully structuring and therefore bypassing the rule Indian education system would have with respect to not earning profit from changed overnight. recognized educational institutions. There is an urgent need for effective de-regulation of Memorising is no learning; the biggest Indian education sector so that there is flaw in our education system is perhaps that infusion of sufficient capital and those who it incentivizes memor izing above provide or create extraordinary educational originality. products or services are adequately Re-define the purpose of the education rewarded. system Take mediocrity out of the system Our education system is still a colonial O u r e d u c a t i o n s y s t e m t o d a y education system geared towards encourages mediocrity – in students, in generating babus and pen-pushers under teachers, throughout the system. It is easy to the newly acquired skin of modernity. We survive as a mediocre student, or a mediocre may have the most number of engineering teacher in an educational institution. No one

171 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 shuts down a mediocre college or mediocre strict standards of what will be taught and school. Hard work is always tough; the path how such things are to be taught. to excellence is fraught with difficulties. Central regulation kills choice, and Mediocrity is comfortable. Our education stifles innovation too. As far as education is system will remain sub-par or mediocre concerned, availability of choices, de- until we make it clear that it is not ok to be regulation, profitability, entrepreneurship mediocre. and emergence of niche courses are all Personalize education – one size does inter-connected. not fit all A relevant example in the present is Assembly line education prepares shown in the introduction of No-detention assembly line workers. However, the drift of policy (NDP) under Right to Education Act economic world is away from assembly line (RTE) 2009, while in concept very attractive, production. Indian education system is built in practice, it has become a liability because on the presumption that if something is it does not fit all. It has removed the fear of good for one kid, it is good for all kids. exams which arguably has removed the motivation to learn effectively for most. Some kids learn faster, some are Teachers and parents both are to share the comparatively slow. Some people are visual blame equally because there is the learners, others are auditory learners, and complacency that no matter what, the still some others learn faster from students are going to be promoted to experience. If one massive monolithic higher class at least up to class 8. As a result education system has to provide education the comprehensive and continuous to everyone, then there is no option but to evaluation (CCE) is not implemented assume that one size fits all. If however, we effectively. The more serious consequence is can effectively decentralize education, and that the annual volume of repeaters and if the government did not obsessively dropouts in class 9 have increased control what would be the “syllabus” and alarmingly what will be the method of instruction, there could be an explosion of new and Allow private capital in education innovative courses geared towards serving The government cannot afford to various niches of learners, provide higher education to all the people Take for example, the market for in the country. It is too costly for the learning dancing. There are very different government to do so. The central dance forms that attract students with government spends about 4% of budget different tastes. More importantly, different expenditure on education, compared to teachers and institutes have developed 40% on defense. H istor ically, the different ways of teaching dancing. This government just did not have enough could never happen if there was a central money to spend on even opening new board of dancing education which enforced schools and universities, forget overhauling

172 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 the entire system and investing in investors to take interest in the education technology and innovation related to the sector. The government does not have education system. Still, until today, at least enough money to provide higher education on paper only non-profit organizations are of reasonable quality to all of us, and it has no allowed to run educational institutions excuse to prevent private capital from apart from government institutions. coming into the educational sector. Allowing profit making will encourage serious entrepreneurs, innovators and

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Vision of Health Delivery by the year 2040 Chief Medical Officer, Mokokchung, Nagaland.

By the year 2040, the vision of Health disposal management. care delivery system in Mokokchung should 8. Multiple specialist Doctors in all the achieve the status as mentioned below. fields will be made available. 1. The present Imkongliba Memorial 9. There will be a well equipped centre District Hospital should become a 500 for non communicable diseases bedded multi-storeyed Hospital especially for Diabetes and Heart which will be the main referral patients. hospital for Tuensang, Mon, Longleng and Zunheboto districts. 10. Present Radiotherapy unit will be upgraded to a cancer Hospital so that 2. The hospital will have separate wards cancer patients can avail the facilities of all departments with round the and requirement for the district. clock availability of emergency Doctors. 11. Accommodation facilities will be provided to all the staff for easy access 3. The Hospital will be equipped with a to the hospital on call. Laboratory where all the necessary investigation can be conducted. 12. Setting up of a Medical College in the district to cater to the needs of 4. T h e r e w i l l b e a v a i l a b i l i t y o f students of the district and the investigative and diagnostic services adjoining districts. like USG, CT Scan, MRI, ECG, ECHO, X ray and Dialysis etc. 13. Present school of nursing to be upgraded to B.Sc nursing course. 5. 24 x 7 Ambulance facilities will be available. 14. All CHCs, PHCs, SCs to be equipped with all the facilities and man power as 6. The Hospital will have 24 x 7 supply of per IPHS norm. water with good backup Generator for power. This vision will become a reality only b y t h e i n t e r v e n t i o n o f t h e S t a t e 7. There will be a well equipped waste Government and active participation of each and every citizen of the district.

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Stable & Quality Power Supply – Challenges and the Way forward ( Er. Moa Aier ) Executive Engineer (E) Mokokchung Electrial Division Mokokchung. Nagaland. The first commercial light bulb was patented only in 1879, by Thomas Edison. In Infrastructure Requirement for 1880, Italian inventor Alessandro Volta uninterrupted power supply: developed the first practical method of Existing sub-transmission & distribution generating electricity. Thus, even though infrastructure of Mokokchung (and the human kind has lived without electricity for district) cannot support uninterrupted centuries, it has now become such an power supply. For such services, the essential commodity, almost at par with installed capacity and distribution lines food, water and air! Industrialisation and should be 2.5 times of the peak demand modern life cannot be imagined without requirement. When sub-station or electricity. Therefore, actualization of Vision transformer shutdown for maintenance Mokokchung 2040 too needs a strong is required or breakdown occurs, there infrastructure for electricity. must be spare capacity available to Except for some new hamlets, maintain full supply. Similarly, for line farmsteads or settlements, there are faults or maintenance shutdowns, practically no household without electricity alternate line(s) must be available to connection in Mokokchung town, and even maintain supply. Backed up adequate within the District. Based on 2001 census trained technicians, this is how villages, the district is 100% electrified. developed countries maintains 24x7 However, the issue is now not just about power supply. electricity connections to households, but stability, availability and quality of supply. About capacity to supply quality electricity at Compared with the 2.5 capacity factor affordable rates to I.T sector, medical, services, requirement for the sub-transmission & industries and other modern installations. distribution capacity, the availability for Mokokchung is about 0.9 only. Coupled Generation with most of the control equipment There is no worthwhile potential for non-functional due to wear & tear power generation within the District, andwithout any fund to replace or except maybe some small coal based units repair, 24x7 power supply is an issue at the foothill area – Tzürang valley or Tuli. that is more than just a technical matter. Therefore, the District has to rely on generation and transmission of power from outside only.

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Transmission Infrastructure: 66kv and At the local power house, the 33/11kv above capacity is 2x5MVA (10MVA), recently With the 132/66kv sub-station at upgraded from 7.5MVA, is just sufficient to Aolijen, the district is well connected at the meet present demand. Work plan to transmission level. Power Grid has recently upgrade this capacity to 20MVA has been commissioned the 220/132kv sub-station approved. near Aolijen, making Mokokchung the first Work plan have also been approved to district in the State to be connected at 220kv construct a second 33kv line from Aolijen to level. Through this two sub-stations, the Mokokchung (Medical Sector) along with a district is directly connected to the regional new 33/11kv 20MVA sub-station. and national grid. Managed by the With implementation of the above Mokokchung Transmission Division, it is the two major works, sub-transmission capacity hub and the control centre for the 5 for Mokokchung town and its nearby northern districts, namely, Mokokchung, villages (Ongpangkong and Asetkong), Mon, Longleng, Tuensang and Zuneheboto. would be adequate for the next three As long as power is available at the decades or so. generating stations, which are mostly Three ranges – Changk ikong, outside the State, the transmission Tzürangkong and Japukong, is presently capability already exists to reach the power dependent upon supply from Assam upto Aolijen station. (Mariani) at 33kv level, due to inadequate However, some bottleneck starts from capacity at Aolijen to feed this area. here. Transformation (power transformers) However, work plan has been approved to capacity is limited to 25MVA at the 66/33kv construct a new 132/33kv 20MVA sub- level, which is not adequate to cover the station at Longnak to cater to the referred District even at present level. Therefore this three ranges. This shall be able to cater to the capacity needs to be upgraded. near future demands of small and medium Sub-Transmission Infrastructure at 33kv scale industries in this area. level Langpangkong Range is fed through M o k o k c h u n g t o w n a n d i t s Tuli, which is connected at 66kv level from surrounding villages are at present being Aolijen.The 66kv transmission line is fed by a single 33kv line from Aolijen to planned/proposed to be upgraded to Mokokchung town, whose carrying 132kv. Thus transmission capacity for capacity is now overloaded. The present Langpangkong Range is also adequate. peak demand is about 12MW and this single 33kv line cannot carry any additional load.

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Distribution Infrastructure Renovation and modernization For Mokokchung Town and the district It is not only the construction of new as a whole, the main bottleneck and assets, but most of the existing lines and weakness is at the distribution transformer sub-stations are now more than 30 years level. old. Consequently, the maintenance is very The town is fast expanding and large high, difficult and breakdowns are frequent. tracts of new colonies at lower Salangtem, You should know what to expect if you lower Alempang, lower Kichutip, lower undertake a long journey on a 30-year old Kumlong, lower Artang, Tzüzapang, car. They need extensive renovation, Kapayong etc. without proper LT coverage. replacement and modernization. Hundreds of households in these areas are The irony is that, if power supply is connected with long stretches of flexible or steady and stable for continuous days, PVC wires from existing overloaded the aged conductors and equipment distributed transformers. Consequently, the begin to breakdown unable to voltage supply is low and interruptions are continuously carry the current/load high. without “cooling” periods! Similar situation is found in many Cost:The approximate cost for the above locations in Tzürang and Tuli areas, which are transmission, sub-transmission and fast expanding. distribution works, including some During 2009-13, several hundred kms renovation and replacement, would be of new 11kv and LT lines and more than 80 about Rs 500 -600 crores. nos. of new distributions transformers were Revenue installed within the district. But the pace of Mokokchung district covered by two these new installations could not cope with revenue Divisions, Mokokchung Electrical the pent up demand and pace of Division and Changtongya Electrical t ow n / d i s t r i c t e x p a n s i o n . M a s s i ve Division, consumes electricity worth about investments are required in 11kv lines, Rs 20 crores (2014-15). Against this 11/0.4kv distribution transformers and L.T consumption, the revenue collection during lines, to cover the new growth peripheries of the corresponding year was only about Rs 8 Mokokchung town, growth areas in crores. With increase in capacity to supply Tzürangkong, foothills of Japukong and Tuli more power, and annual increase in tariff, valley. the annual consumption shall cross Rs 30 Proposals have been submitted to crores within 3-5 years. cover all these inadequately covered areas The electricity revenue losses in under different schemes of the Government. Nagaland is about 60%. The average losses

177 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 in India ranges from 20% to 35% from state would be about 20% (2014-15) only. That is, to state. With such high losses, the power the billing and bill collection efficiency is sector is simply just not sustainable. In 80%. developed countries, losses are mostly The present system does not have the between 4-7% only. capability to accurately bifurcate the Power Supply and Revenue Performance consumption of the town and the villages, specific to Mokokchung Town: which are supplied from the same power Uninterrupted power supply and transformer at Power House. However, revenue collection performance is perhaps under the ongoing R-ADPRP program, such one of the most touchy and complicated capabilities are planned to be installed. issue. While judging the Power Department, If the Department, the Ward the consumer is mostly focused on availing Authorities, the UEMBs and the uninterrupted power, whereas the Govt consumers continue to cooperate and focuses mainly on revenue collection. diligently work together, it is my belief Officials and staff of the Department that the losses within the town can be is daily faced with the situation of soldiers reduced to 5% within the next 2/3 years. being sent to the battlefront without proper The Department and the UEMBs can arms and ammunition. enter into MoUs, that if this is achieved, the Be that as it may, under such high Department shall deliver uninterrupted losses scenario, Mokokchung town may power supply specific to the town. During perhaps make a difference and develop a lean season, there is a huge shortfall of new model for stable power supply linked generation. During this season, if the with revenue performance. consumers of the town are ready and Since 2011-12, the Department, with willing, Department can buy at a higher cost the active participation of the Ward through power trading specific for the town. Author ities and Ur ban Elec tr icit y The Challenge: Management Boards (UEMBs), has been Achieve 95% billing and bill collection effectively installing consumer energy (Only 5% losses) by the UEMBs. meters and billing as per consumption. Department undertakes to upgrade, After sustained efforts by all concerned, the modernize lines and equipment, to billing and bill collection within the town reach a sub-transmission & distribution has much improved during the last 3 years, capacity factor of at least 2.0 as records clearly shows. Provide adequate power supply for It is estimated that if Mokokchung town alone is considered now, the losses

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the town, if required, by Power m a y n o t b e p o s s i b l e . B u t a n e a r Trading. u n i n t e r r u p t e d p o w e r s u p p l y f o r Provide adequate number of field Mokokchung Town, might just be possible, if staffs for operation & maintenance. we can address the above issues of investing the required infrastructure and manpower resources in power infrastructure for the Conclusion: town, and the consumers coming forward to Under the third world condition that we are achieve 95% billing and bill collection. today, 100% uninterrupted power supply Dated: 14th December 2015

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 "ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT" P.W.D. (R&B) Mokokchung Division

Road infrastructure development in advancement will not be possible without Mokokchung began during the British rule good communication facilities. A good in India. Mokokchung was among the first network of roads is one of the most administrative Sub-Divisions to be set up by important prerequisite for Mokokchung to the British in Naga inhabitated area and also return to the position of economic eminence the pioneer recipient of Christianity in it held till a few decades ago. Nagaland. These factors contributed to The road density in the district is 90.11 Mokokchung emerging as one of the most km per 100 sq.kms., which is much higher prosperous districts in Nagaland but 125 than the state density of 60.90 km. years on, the district is found lagging behind Mokokchung district has a total road length in most parameters of development as of 1455.3 km out of which 829.8 km is compared to other districts. surfaced (All weather road). NH-2 traverses Mokokchung district has a population through Ongpangkong and Langpangkong of 194622 (2011 census). 71.37% of this ranges upto Amguri and beyond. NH-155 population resides in rural areas and the provides effective connectivity to Longsa majority of these are dependent on village via Ungma village. The newly agriculture related activities. Development recognized Mokokchung - Mariani Highway of agriculture seems to be the most passes through Yimyu township, Khensa, important factor for economic upliftment of Chungtia, Changki, Tzurangkong range area the district as a whole at present and the and so on upto Mariani town. The foreseeable future. A good transportation completion of the ongoing Foothill Road network connecting these rural production would provide connectivity to all the areas to urban marketing outlets is a basic habitation areas along the foothills of the necessity to achieve this goal. district. The Changkikong Range Road Mokokchung terrain is classified as reaches from Changki upto NH-2 at Paper hilly to steep and as such there is very little Mill. Asetkong-Tsusangra Road starts from scope for rail or waterway mode of NH-2 at Sungratsu and ends at Tuli passing transportation. Moreover air transportation through the entire Asetkong Range. The is expensive and not applicable for short above mentioned roads are some of the distance travel. Social and economic major roads and these are connected to

180 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 habitation areas by approach roads. Hence, and most populated urban settlement in the at present all areas under the district are district. Major villages like Ungma, effectively connected by roads. Mokokchung, Chuchuyimpang and Khensa Although Mokokchung district has a high are almost a part of the town. There is an density of roads, most of the roads are in increase in the trend of migration to the deplorable condition due lack of town due to disparity between the social maintenance. Paucity of funds as well as and physical infrastructure between the c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f f u n d s o n n e w urban and rural areas. Mokokchung has had constructions rather than maintenance of trade relations with the state of Assam from existing roads has contributed to this. Also the time of our forefathers and the town acts most of the roads have outlived their design as transit point of trade for all its period and bearing capacity to meet the neighbouring districts. The main trade increasing traffic density and axle loads. The routes pass through the heart of the town. up-gradation of these major roads The peripheral roads are narrow and hence, (Highways and Major District Roads) with not conducive for traffic diversions. All these proper technical designs to meet the future factors have contributed to an aggravated traffic demands is required. Road traffic bottle neck in the town, which relies strengthening by increasing the Base and on only one road ie. NH-2 for both incoming Sub-Base thickness is a necessity. Repair and outgoing traffic from the town area. A and maintenance of existing minor roads ring road by-passing the commercial town (Minor District Roads & Village Roads) is also area has been the topic of many a necessary to provide smooth transition discussions in the past, but the idea is yet to f r o m t h e m a j o r r o a d s t o t h e see the light of day. A road along the habitation/production areas. The un- northern edge of the town from D.E.F surfaced roads need to be surfaced in a (Chuchuyimpang) to Yimyu and another phased manner. The vision for 2040 should road from NH-2(Chare Jn.) to NH-155 along be to upgrade all existing roads to smooth the southern edge would effectively form a and stable All Weather Roads. This will ring road around the town. These roads require huge investment and calls for a would divert the traffic from the congested significant leap in our State Road Policy. main town area. This roads would also Central Funding options will also have to be facilitate future expansion of the town which explored. as rightly said is already 'bursting at the According to Indian Census 2011 seams' due to the present accelerated Mokokchung town has a population of growth rate. 35913 out of a total of 55720 urban Public departments with very limited population in the district. It is the largest resources are engaged in road maintenance.

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Road maintenance is not entirely a There is a high need for public awareness to government responsibility but a social ensure that roads survive the period for responsibility too. Residents below roads which it was designed. Public seminars and are found to bank the road shoulders or discussions on various mediums like block cross-drains to prevent entry of road newspapers and social media would be an water runoff to their compounds. There effective way to inseminate information for have been encroachments on roads the citizens to be knowledgeable and to b l o c k i n g s i d e d r a i n s . H a p h a z a r d develop a sense of belongingness. construction of private roads starting from Sensible Government Road Policy, public roads, unregulated stone quarries, Central funding along with a responsible coal mining, etc. along road sides are society and dedicated technical inputs examples of public apathy towards roads. would guarantee the success of this road infrastructure vision by 2040.

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY FARMING FOR A SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY Dr. Mapumeren Chief Veterinary Officer Mokokchung Nagaland.

Economic development and self What is our socio-economic status reliance are two very important factor for today? Are we prepared to face the reality? survival today. This is the most important How do we plan to achieve what we imagine factor for world peace, progress & for ourselves and our Town/District during development. Both relationships and wars the next 25 years? What will be our are due to economic factors. Today, the U N's economic vision? Only smart and intelligent biggest challenge is creating world peace workers will survive. There is no room for and production of sufficient food for the complacency & laziness. We live in a ever growing world population. We are changing world, yet one thing has not living in a cut throat competitive world and changed and that is “to work”. To work more often than not our survival as a family, as a diligently, sincerely & using machineries, nation will depend a lot on our economic equipments, computers etc is the method strength and capabilities. As we celebrate today for survival and sustenance. 125 years of the Town's existence and India is an Agro based country and its envision for the next 25 years, whatever we economy is driven by it and Nagaland is no long and aspire to be will very largely different and so is our district Mokokchung. depend on the economic status of the Most of our population is in the rural area people. The importance of economy or and survives mainly on agriculture and so is wealth/ money needs no explanation. But their economy. Where as, in the urban area why do we keep on discussing this issue? To the economy is mostly dependent on Govt. work is God's mandate, a universal truth and employees which is not sustainable at all. unless one works with the right attitude, Our eating habits and lifestyle does not nothing positive can be achieved. It is said commensurate with our energy inputs and that in the days of old, Nagas were hard income. We have focused our energy and working and self reliant people and begging e ve r y t h i n g o n l y o n s e e k i n g G o v t was unheard of. But is it true today? We have employment and thus, has strained and become a nation of dependants. We want to drained our limited resources. Yes, today Job eat and become rich without working but opportunities have dwindled but work there are no such short cuts or the easy way. opportunities are on the rise. We need to Then what are the options left for the people change our mind set and start thinking of Mokokchung? through a different perspective, if we are to survive as a self reliant people.

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There are different opportunities to The State Cattle Breeding Farm at Aliba is avail and lots of options in that and apart being strengthened. A new scheme has from the different sectors in which we can been introduced from this year for Dairy get involved today, we would like to impress development by the name of Dairy upon all the stake holders that, for us the Entrepreneurship Development Scheme Nagas, Animal Husbandry holds one of the (DEDS) through NABARD. Farmers are most important keys for the economic encouraged to form joint liability group development and sustenance and will be (JLG). As people in the state gets more the stepping stone or the basis for other health conscious, the demand for developmental activities in the days to consumption of milk products has come. This activity is in the core sector and tremendously increased over the years and unless the core sector of the economy as such a lassi production unit has been which is Agro based, is strong, it will be very recently inaugurated in Mokokchung at difficult for us to stand on our feet. Salangtem ward near power house and has According to a Departmental survey plans to introduced other range of milk during 2013-14, it was found that the State products like Paneer, Dahi (yoghourt) Ghee could produce only 63.10% of the total etc too in the near future. In order to meat, milk & eggs requirements for that produce more milk and provide better particular year, which is worth around Rs. services to the people and achieve the 1180.07 Crores leaving a shortfall of 36.90% targets, superior germplasm from USA has which translates to about Rs. 215.40 Crores been procured for improvement of Dairy as import cost. In 2001-02 the import level Cattles for milk production. Scientific was about 375 Crores. Realizing this management practices and fodder Department of Veterinary & A.H, has been cultivation for all the livestock is being trying to engage the people through encouraged by introducing various exotic various Livestock & Poultry development crops along with indigenous fodder crops. schemes and programs to inculcate a sense Development of grassland is being taken up o f e c o n o m i c r e s u r g e n c e a n d under CSS. th empowerment. During the 12 five years In order to support these programs, plan the focus is in Piggery, Poultry & Animal health service is being provided Mithun for meat production and in through 1 Vety. Hospital, 2 Vety dispensaries, Mokokchung district though Mithun 13 Vety health centers and 3 functional QCPs rearing is not practiced, the Piggery farm at in the district. These Institutions continues Merangkong is being strengthened by to provide Veterinar y ser vices and introducing superior quality breeds of pigs consultancy to needy farmers and like Hampshire, Large white and Duroc etc. entrepreneurs in both urban and rural areas. The Poultry Farm in Mokokchung Town Regular vaccinations and health care and provides Low Input Technology (LIT) birds management camps are being organized known as Kuroiler for meat & egg purpose. and held in different parts of the district

184 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 regularly and will continue to do so to advancement of Science & Technology, empower the farmers. Animal Scientist has developed new and Logistically, Mokokchung district is improved breeds which grows faster and lies is a very favorable location and can gains more weight, milks more, lay eggs cover 6 out of the 11 districts in the State more etc, and these exotic livestock & birds and even parts of Assam for various started replacing our old not so productive economic activities. The potential to animals & birds. But these new breeds of develop Animal Husbandry practices in the a n i m a l s h ave t h e i r ow n s p e c i f i e d district is tremendous as the climate and management systems such that if it is land topography favors it and our eating deviated, it becomes almost difficult to rear habits shows. Thus here are some reasons or obtain the desired results. For a successful why Animal Husbandry will be one farming the following points has to be important factor to drive our economy; clearly understood and strictly followed. WHY ANIMAL HUSBANDRY? 1. Proper location & hygienic housing system. 1. Meat is a very important food item for us. 2. Provide sufficient potable water. 2. We get good/healthy foods like Egg, 3. Sufficient quality feeding meat, milk. etc, etc. 4. Avoid inbreeding at all cost. 3. One of the easiest ways to earn honest 5. Proper management & Bio-security. money & our Geo-climate favors A.H. 6. Regular de-worming & Vaccination etc. 4. Our Culture is deeply intertwined with etc. animals. 7. Consult Vets & Para-Vets at all times. 5. Fertilizes soil & enables to preserve SUSTAINING THIS ECONOMIC PROCESS forest, wildlife, & ecology etc. Certain steps or measures has to be 6. Horti & Agri ventures (organic farming) taken so that this particular economic becomes more viable & sustainable. pursuit is sustained as per the desires and 7. We spent most of the income in buying needs of the farmers and obtaining benefit meat, milk & egg. to both the farmer and the consumer. Since ancient times Nagas were Government role is important but it's the Animal lovers & looked after them well and effort, sincerity & hard work rather smart it was integrated and reared in open range work of the farmer which will determine the system. But, today we see no such animals s u c c e s s o r f a i l u r e o f t h e p r o j e c t which were kept by our fore fathers. It was implemented. The days of free pies, all non-descript or local type which were subsidies etc are gone. We have to work. We not economically viable to be exploited need to change our mindset towards work. co m m e rc i a l l y a n d s u c h , w i t h t h e The Village Developmental Board, the

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Church and other NGOs has a big role to improvement of the environment & play in creating a sustainable farming ecology. All human needs will be found community in the villages. We are not only in this God created world. Air, talking about export at the moment, but of Water & Soil holds the key for the self sufficiency. If the Village economy survival for mankind. Let us preserve & disintegrates it is obvious that the take care of them. It will be for your & my repercussions will be felt more seriously in good only. our Towns & Cities. Farmers must be 6. Help and promote each other in every r e s p e c t e d a n d e n c o u r a g e d a n d possible way and do to business not acknowledge their endeavors. Therefore it is only with profit motives but service the role of every responsible citizen to oriented and help create wealth. contribute their mite in improving the 7. Need to do things sincerely, honestly economy of the rural people in the district in and without complains or murmur but particular and the State in general. do things with thanks giving to the 1. Farmer needs to have basic awareness & Creator. training in respect of Scientific Feeding, Management & Breeding practices. and CONCLUSION follow instructions of experts diligently. This is in brief about how Animal The Dept regularly conducts training & Husbandry can uplift our economy in our seminars for farmers & Entrepreneurs. district and if implemented diligently with 2. Farmers should actively & honestly avail the right attitude there is no reason why the facilities provided by the Govt, Banks, economic standards of our people cannot NGOs etc and here the role of VDB & be raised. It is in our genes, we cannot stop Church comes into play in the form of eating meat or rearing livestock, but needs negotiator, facilitator or the linkage to do things scientifically and in a healthier & with the concerned authority/agency. disciplined environment with the right working attitude. Furthermore, Animal 3. Formation of self help group (SHG) Husbandry is not only about improvement specially among the women folks is very of the economy or of money & profit for that effective for income generation and matter. Yes, these things are important but community development. life doesn't revolve around wealth & profits 4. Co-ordination between the farmers & only. There are certain values in life which the Dept / Govt. agency for better can be learned only in the confines of home, extension service networks for transfer and that makes one's personality more of technology to the farmers & sociable & active. This is one opportunity entrepreneurs and also to develop where all the family members can be marketing strategy. accommodated and worked upon. Incentives must be given to the children for 5. Do things in relation to the security and their contributions however insignificant it

186 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 may seem to be. Through this they learn the given responsibility to Mankind to look after importance and the need to work and these dumb creatures and while doing so, understand the value of money and time. the gain and the benefits we receive is Thus it helps in building the overall family tremendous and insurmountable. Let us do relationship to a higher level and so for our well being and survival and teach communication gaps between parents & the work values to the younger generation children are practically narrowed down. The and help Mokokchung pioneer to a new and Joy and happiness that you find in this higher level in all spheres of life. With the vocation when you see your animals right work culture and ethics with a vigorous growing well, producing better, or vibrant Agro based inclusive economic collecting handful of eggs every morning activity; there is no reason why we should from your small poultry units etc, etc. the not achieve our dream of a wealthy, healthy pleasure here, money cannot buy. It is God's and an intelligent Mokokchung by 2040.

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ORGANISATIONS & NGOs

Sl. Organisation Area 1. Associates for Performing Arts & Theatricals (APAT) Theatrical Activities 2. Concerned Citizens Forum (CCF) Town Municipal Mokokchung District Badminton Association To Produce an Olympic 3. (MDBA) Player by 2040 4. Mokokchung Town Lanur Telongjem (MTLT) Aspirations Outline for Developing the 5. Mokokchung Town Lanur Telongjem (MTLT) Mokokchung Town Park 6. Mokokchung Entrepreneurs Consortium (MEC) Various 7. Vision Mokokchung Social Concerns.

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“2040 MOKOKCHUNG PENZÜDANGBA”

Associates for Performing Arts and Theatricals (APAT), Mokokchung, Nagaland.

Iba mapa asameyang aser inyakyim - National School of Drama, Sangeet tatongi, taroki ia aser lushi timbaka kongshia Natak Akademi, Ministry of Culture nendaka, meranga inyakbayong ya tashi nungi teyari agitsüsa sorkari lenmang takok ngua bener arutetba asoshi tayonger lapokja nungitba. Mayangnokcha Award Trust züngsemtem Mokokchung nüburtema iba lushi nem tenüngsang agütsür. meimer/jangrar lia aru ano tanga aika lir. Iba onük O lemtep Dec. 15, 2015 nung Tangar atoksaa mesüaka idaki temulung tejaokba lokti tentet ka ama Associates for agütsüra lir, ano National School of Drama Performing Arts and Theatricals (APAT) nung training tajung agir alir lanura office nungia yamai penzüdangba ishikabo lir. Asenoki metet tejangrar aliyung lemsateper. aser sempet aketer ali agi küm aika tejaklen JILUSHI LUSHI (theatrical activities/area) : nungi arogo nung mapang apen jilushi agi Ner “Position Paper No.2” tekong 7 shilem tajung agia aruba angur. Ajioda tatempangbuba oren nung shisema aliba s ü a k a a r o g o i a t e m u l u n g dak ajemdaker. agütsüba/züngshiba mangur. Mokokchung Aki alemli nungi linük timbaka nung District Art and Culture Council tenteter nisungtemi jilushi aiba aser yamala küm aika aruaka iba lushi nungbo theatrical activities meimba otsü aser mapa tongtipang agütsüba asenoki mangur. asenoki kaket nung züngshir, noksa (movie) Asen kishikinar Assam, Manipur, n u n g a a n g u r. Ta l a n g n u n g a l i b a Mizoram, Tripura reprangdangra State mejembiaka asen kidanger Manipur aser sorkari teyari balala agüja anepaluba angur, Assam nungasüng ibai temeja luyim ka ajiagi tanü par limabo theatrical hall-a kümteta takotet mongin nübu aika adokba tajung teperi amenoka kar. Asen sülen den joko lanur jenti taküm pokyimdak tesüang Statehood nguaka tangarbo ajita tajung sütetba asenoki angur. Ibai takoktsü lushi balala nung alimasanger den k ü m d a k t s ü b a k u l i a i k a ro n g n u n g jangyumedema renloka aor. Aibelenerka tongtipang kar : mesüra State ngur küm 50 süiaka Nagaland - State sorkari tenük yoka temulung nung ano theatrical hall kata maka. Asenokji agüja tongtipang agütsüba, Land of Pioners asünung theatrical lushi - tejangrar/sempet aketertem nem nunga aseni tenzüka anitsüla. Anungji 2040 s o r k a r i l e n m a n g s a d e m a tashi nungbo mongin karbosa adokteter lapoktsüba/rongsen agi yariba, alitsü nükjidong nung tang nungi idakia - lokti tentettemi yaria nungitba, temulung agütsütsüla, aser tetenzükba

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Concern Citizen Forum Temjenkaba & I. Mangko Jamir, Concern Citizen Forum

Municipality and Panchayati Raj schedule tribe and women in accordance function as the Local Self Government in with the provisions in clause 1 to 3 of Article Indian Democracy. We are concerned with 243 T of the constitutions of India. Article Municipality for local governance. In India, 243 T reads as “Seats shall be reserved for Municipal Council as an administrative women in proportion to the total organ implements such schemes as may be numbers of seats to be filled by direct entrusted to them. The District planning election” this however could not be committee consolidates the plans prepared implemented and the matter was taken by Municipalities in the respective Districts. before the Supreme Court and the It has been observed in the last Judgment is still awaited. The direction decade that the rural population of which may be issued by the Supreme Court Mokokchung, Tuensang, Longleng, Mon, on the pronouncement of the Judgment in Zunheboto and Wokha Districts are the case is unknown. migrating to Dimapur and Kohima making In the matter of constituting and the urban population fast increasing by restructuring Mokokchung municipality making these two towns an important trade and to function effectively as local and commercial activities. The urban governance in future, the following inter alia services and the infrastructures they have steps may be suggested for effective were still inadequate for governance of the implementation. urban population; therefore, to address 1. Recognizing clear cut boundaries these problems effectively, the Nagaland and area of urban jurisdiction in the Municipal Act 2001 (Act No. 10 of 2001) has Municipality be made. been enacted by the legislative Assembly of Nagaland. The Government of Nagaland has 2. Involvement of responsibilities and notified three urban municipalities in issues from all concern citizens of the Kohima, Dimapur and Mokokchung for their urban community. self governance. The Act was amended in 3. Comprehensive planning on use of 2006 (Act No. 4 of 2006)Section 23A of the land is required. amendment provides that seats in every 4. Proper and improved sanitation municipalities shall be reserved for

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programmes encompassing all congestion, adequate water supply, major sectors of the Municipality are maintenance of proper drainage, required. developing infrastructure be given the priority. 5. Understanding and co-existence w i t h t h e m a n a g e m e n t f o r 7. C r e a t i n g a p o l l u t i o n f r e e collaborative efforts be exercised. Mokokchung town.

6. Better planning and strategies for 8. Making the urban community aware urban governance is needed for o f t h e h e a l t h s a n i t a t i o n b y improvement of road, sufficient implementing programmes from power supply, control of traffic time to time.

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 Badminton Vision: To produce an Olympic Player by 2040. Mokokchung District Badminton Association (MDBA)

Temsüyanger Secretary and I. Lipokonen Jamir President, Mokokchung District Badminton Association

INTRODUCTION deals and the prize money in international tournaments have started paying well, every Badminton - a sport played using super series winner gets about $27k to $50k. rackets to hit a shuttle across a net - is a P r o m i n e n t p l a y e r s a r e p r o v i d e d 'game for all'. It is a beautiful game and can employment by both public and private be played by almost any age – 7 to 70 years sectors. old or even beyond. It is the perfect game to keep oneself mentally and physically fit. If they can achieve success at the Compared with many others it is also not a Olympics and Badminton World Federation very injury prone sports, as it can be played (BWF) Series, their earnings within their within one's limit. The game is played by playing career at this level, can far exceed the over 200 million people worldwide. After monthly salary from a conventional job from being a demonstration sport in Munich in throughout their service lives. Thus, not only 1972, badminton became an Olympic sport for the love of the game, but Badminton is in Barcelona in 1992. It is the third most- also a financially viable career option for the followed sport in India after cricket and talented and committed players. football. The Mokokchung District Badminton Badminton Association of India (BAI) Association (MDBA) was formed in 1985 with has categorized various age groups as U-13 the main objectives to introduce and (under 13 years), U-15, U-17, U-19, Seniors encourage the game of Badminton by and Veterans which is played by both organizing various level tournaments; to g e n d e r s . E v e r y p l a y e r i s g i v e n organize talent search programs and state/national/world ranking as per points conduct coaching camps/clinics. Since its w o n b y t h e m i n t o u r n a m e n t s inception, the MDBA has been producing sanctioned/recognized by the NBA Nagaland State and North-East Champions (Nagaland Badminton Assoc)/BAI/BWF in various categories. Miss. Moarenla won (Badminton World Federation). The global bronze medal while representing India in sports industry is estimated be worth $600 - the Asian School Games held in Beijing in $700 billion and Badminton has its fair share. 1992. She has also represented India in Top-ranking players are making multi- various international tournaments. Such million sponsorship-cum-endorsement players who have excelled in the sport have been recruited in various Government

192 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 offices such as Youth Resources & Sports, convenient global advancement of School Education, Nagaland Police and information technology and assessable Accountant General, etc. Junior players market enables us to procure newest excelling in the sport have obtained information and logistics required to admission to various institutions under mentor champions in badminton. Our sports quota. district has had a rich history in badminton with champions and achievers at regional The below given tables indicates that and international level which answer the 90% of the Olympic medal winners are from pertinent question that 'Yes, Mokokchung South Asia to whom we anthropometrically and racially resemble. Besides, the can produce an Olympian in the game of Badminton'.

Sport Age Height (cm) Weight (kg) BMI Overall Average (all sports) 26.1 176.9 72.8 23.2 Badminton 26.2 173.6 (5.7 ft) 66.8 22.1 Table 1: Anthropometric data analysis from the badminton participants at the London 2012 Olympic Games.

Country Gold Silver Bronze Total % Asia China 16 8 15 39 43% Indonesia 6 6 6 20 22% Korea 6 6 5 17 19% Malaysia - 3 2 5 6% Japan - 1 - 1 India - - - 1 81 90% Europe Denmark 1 2 3 6 7% England - 1 1 2 Netherlands - 1 - 1 9 10% 90

Table 2: Olympic medal tally for men's and ladies' badminton events (1992-2012)

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How Countries spend to win an Olympic supporting system, will lead to an explosion medal: of champions that will bring laurels to the District, State and Country. We believe Wining an Olympic medal is an MDBA can achieve this vision by having in expensive proposition. It is estimated that place the following Plan of Action. the U.S spent an average of $2.1 million (Rs.14 crores) for every medal won at the 1. Game Popularity, Scouting and Beijing Olympics. The U.S Olympic Talent Identification. Committee shelled out more than $232 a. Talent: Young players shall be identified million in 2008 to help American athletes and groomed between the age 7-11 win 110 medals in Beijing. That's $2.1 million years. By 12-15 years, they should per medal, but does not include the cash already be at the level to take them to kicked in by each sport's governing body National level Academies for further from sponsors, donor and special events specialized coaching and training. (source: www.investinganswers.com). Talent scouting and identification shall Britain is estimated to have spent £4.6 be at the various levels: million (Rs.44 crores) per medal during the i. Intra and Inter School Tournaments. London Olympics, up from £2.1 million (Rs.20 crores) for its 28 medals at Sydney ii. Inter Club, Inter ward tourney within (source: www.telegraph.co.uk). All other Mokokchung District. countries spend similar amounts for their iii. Village level, townships, area-wise etc. Olympic success. (eg. Changtongya, Tuli, Mangkolemba It then looks like an impossible etc.) mission for MDBA to dream of Olympic iv. Year-round activity and any other glory. But we believe we can dare to dream. circumstances where talents can be VISION: 'To produce an Olympic player identified. by 2040' b. Game popularity: Sustainability of a PLAN OF ACTION: particular sport or game depends a lot upon its popularity and mass appeal. In The Vision to produce an Olympian in Badminton successful countries such as the discipline of Badminton though tasking, Indonesia, Malaysia, China etc. i s a n a c h i e va b l e g o a l t a k i n g i nto Badminton enjoys near cult status. It is consideration the fact that MDBA has heartening to see that badminton is produced so many champions in the State, becoming one of the fastest growing Regional and National Level, with little or no sports even within Nagaland. Almost infrastructure in place and practically no ever y district has a Badminton helping hand to help them excel. This pool of Association and we can see that per raw talent if properly tapped with proper sports, Badminton has the highest infrastructure in place, some resources and a

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number of tournaments in the State. Provision for competing in the state, Even within Mokokchung district, more national and international tournaments and more clubs including from the and coaching camps that are found nearby villages are getting affiliated deemed suitable for enhancement of with MDBA. their badminton skills will be available MDBA shall continue to promote the to the trainees in the form of financial game at all levels, thereby attracting support, logistics, coaching and more mass appeal and support. This support staff. will inspire and encourage more 5. Infrastructure. youngsters to take up the game more The following are proposed; seriously and take it to the desired higher levels. I. A B a d m i n t o n A c a d e m y t o b e established at Mokokchung under the 2. Nurture Talents. aegis of MDBA. Selected talents who satisfy the ii. A 3-court indoor stadium with attached requisite norms will be manned by a gym. As the technical report of the coaching and support staff where they Department has already submitted that will be given various training as per a the existing stadium is already 80% near composite plan routine, maintaining collapse, it can be demolished and the consistency, discipline and focus. new stadium constructed in this same 3. Education. site. Education will be a priority for the iii. The adjacent sports hostel (abandoned trainees and therefore arrangements at present) can be renovated and used will be made to enable them to obtain as a dedicated hostel for the Academy. education at least till their secondary iv. Basic Indoor Single-Court stadiums to school level. Academic tutors will be be provided by State Govt at various made available to the trainees at the locations within the District. academy and special or extra schools classes will be arranged to enable them 6. Management. to complete their academic courses. i. MDBA shall be restructured and re- Schools will be necessitated to make organised to be managed as a extra-ordinary consideration for their Corporate entity. leaves during tournaments, coaching ii. The proposed Academy shall be camp or any situation relating to professionally managed by MDBA. badminton which requires them to miss their classes. iii. Coaches, trainers, technical staff, dietician, medical support etc. shall be 4. Pa r t i c i p a t i o n i n c a m p s a n d managed by MDBA. tourneys.

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7. Coaching & Training. Rs.5.00 crores be established for “Vision Badminton Olympian 2040” The selected players in the MDBA under MDBA. Academy shall be trained and coached staying full-time in the Academy, being ii. The interest from this fund shall be coached, training & practicing 8 hours used for the following; per day, 6 days a week under the a. Support Coaches honorarium. following supervision. b. Medical I. Head Coach - 1 (full-time) c. Dietician d. Technical Staff ii. Assistant Coach - 2 (full-time) e. Stadium maintenance. iii. Physiotherapist - 1 (full-time) f. Sending young and promising iv. Support coaches players for national/international ranking tournaments. v. Medical support iii. There shall also be a revenue sharing vi. Dietician support formulae with players who do manage It is proposed that the salary of the full- to win big tournaments at national time staff shall be paid as annual grant to the and international levels. Such revenue MDBA by the State Government, who shall if any, shall be further used for the disburse the monthly pay to the coaches game promotion and support. and physiotherapist. They shall not be 9. Player Progression. government employees, but shall be selected and appointed by the MDBA on 07-11 years of age : Game initiation, merit and performance basis only, and on talent scouting and fixed tenure system. identification. 12-16 years of age : MDBA Academy. Senior players shall also act as support 14-17 years of age : M D B A / N a t i o n a l coaches on a voluntary basis (as at present) Academy. on a token honorarium basis for fixed 12-18 years of age : National ranking periods of time/occasion, such as special tournaments. coaching, tournaments, local talent 15-20 years of age : N a t i o n a l / scouting etc. They shall also act as mentors I n t e r n a t i o n a l to the young and potential players. tournaments. Similarly, medical and dietician >21 years : Continued support. support shall also be from trained personnel Based on clear policies, the nature and in those fields and shall be on small level of MDBA support beyond 21 years of honorarium/need based system. age shall be determined by the level of 8. Financial. proficiency and achievements made by the i. It is proposed that a corpus fund of concerned player.

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10. Coaches and Referees. iv. To win national/inter national tournaments. M D B A s h a l l a l s o s u p p o r t accomplished players to get national v. To consistently play in BWF series. accreditation to become certified coaches It is our belief that once the above Plan and tournament referees, including of Action from Step 1 to 11 are implemented, attending refresher courses in technical a Badminton Olympic Player from Nagaland matters. by 2040 or even much earlier, can surely 11. Target: become a reality. The financial involvement is also a bare minimum. We believe our youth i. To first break into the top 50 of have the talent and the potential to achieve national ranking (all/any category). this dream. But they need at least the ii. To break into the top 15 of national minimum support system and infrastructure. ranking (all/any category). MDBA can provide the support provided we iii. To break into top 50 of BWF ranking are enabled as above. This is our dream and (all/any category). aspiration. We plead and pray for the chance.

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MILT Proposal Outline for Developing the Mokokchung Town Park

Imkummeren Jamir President, MTLT Taliakum Pongen General Secretary, MTLT

Overview How To Utilise It? Th e M o k o k c h u n g Tow n L a n u r At the outset, the Mokokchung Town Telongjem (MTLT ), af ter thorough H i l l P a r k c a n b e n a m e d a s t h e deliberations among its members over a Quasquicentennial Hill/Park after all is set. string of meetings, resolved that the 125th The MTLT, in this context, decided that the year anniversary of Mokokchung town hill be developed from its present state s h o u l d b e m a r k e d w i t h s o m e where only a watchtower stands, stone seats developmental activities which would bear and ostensible rest houses. the legacy of the present generation for The MILT proposes a multi-storied building posterity. atop the hill with telescopes and binoculars The MTLT identified a lot areas which can be for visitors to view the scenery. A world-class developed as part of the quasquicentennial museum, a well-equipped library, a tourism celebrations. Sensing urgency in the tourism office, a modern conference hall, cafeteria sector and also to facilitate preservation of and other similar amenities can be housed in Mokokchung town's rich heritage, the MTLT the building. In addition, a glass bridge or a resolved to put forth the development of the glass corridor around the adjoining area will present Mokokchung Town Park into a be an adventurous attraction for all. This will modern multi-purpose facility for the be a first-rate tourist attraction — rare even interest of all be it educational, recreational by global standards. or to find an emotional attachment with Ø It must be noted that a town such as Mokokchung town. M okokchung does not have a Why Mokokchung Town Park Area? museum. Given that Mokokchung, or for that matter, the Aos have a rich T h e MT LT i d e n t i f i e d t h a t t h e traditional heritage, it is distressing Mokokchung Town Park Hill is the one place that there is no museum to present for every town visitor, presenting a such to tourists and scholars looking panoramic view of Mokokchung and for data. The museum can showcase a adjoining districts, states and even the lot of artefacts, relics from historical Himalayan range. Besides, the MTLT has moments like the visits of Indian Prime recognised that there is enough space for Ministers Morarji Desai, Indira Gandhi, further development with meticulous Rajiv Gandhi and other important planning and utilisation. personalities from India. There will be

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many important relics related to such reiterates again on this with the view visits, like the bed they slept on, the that the huge tourism potentialities at photographs, the car they travelled in hand can be tapped to its fullest. and similar significant things. Likewise, there are many productive Ø It is quite demeaning to know that uses for this multi-purpose complex which Mokokchung, tagged as the Land of the MTLT envisions would be of great help to Pioneers, the land which first received every citizen of Mokokchung and beyond. Christianity and modern education, We are not mentioning about the does not have a well-equipped library. employment opportunities that would be It is important to realise that any visitor generated once this proposed endeavour or tourist would like to first just visit the becomes a reality. library or to get a firsthand knowledge Conclusion about the land, people and culture of the place and the people by digging The MTLT, as a vigilant youth organisation, through the library books. Besides, the with a sincere aim for the welfare of the town library can stack up works of Ao and and the future generation, puts forward this Naga authors and scholars for the proposal for the esteemed members of the benefit of all. board to discuss and deliberate upon it. We are submitting these few thoughts as a Ø It is a necessity to have a full-fledged tribute to the great pioneers of the town, tourism office in Mokokchung town. who in their best of their God given wisdom This is in keeping with the reality that travailed to give birth to this beautiful town, the number of town's visitors and and whose bequest we strive to incubate tourists is growing by the day. The forth through the generations to come. tourism office needs to facilitate their guidance in all aspects. The MTLT

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Mokokchung Vision 2040: Aspirations

Taliakum Pongen General Secretary Mokokchung Town Lanur Telongjem

Introduction set goals - a series of achievable short-term and long-term goals over a continuous At the outset, we must consider period of time. whether Mokokchung can achieve a vision given the situation. For that, perhaps, we Aspirations can look into the very recent history of Based on the present situation and Mokokchung. We have seen its people rise needs analysis of the Mokokchung up against the NSCN-K in 2003 and the scenario, there emerges an iceberg of key illegal Bangladesh immigrants in 2007 areas in need of visions and emphasis to successfully. It all started with a vision for a build a satisfactory Mokokchung. Some of safer Mokokchung and it worked. Hence, the areas that seem to need aspirations are Mokokchung Vision 2040 is a possibility. briefly thought over accordingly. The concept of Mokokchung Vision Economic Aspirations 2040 is just an opening to a spate of a realistic future for Mokokchung. Educated Since agriculture remains the major by past inaccuracies, present challenges economic domain, it needs utmost and future prospects, Mokokchung must modernisation. This modernisation drive rise to the confrontations of building a should include a variety of developmental robust society today and tomorrow. There projects. It includes roads, transport, arises the need for a virtuous maturity of communication systems, technology, peace, stability, wealth creation and financial management and other economic educational headway. infrastructures. This should be backed by proper electricity supply, foreign direct The advent of Christianity in investment, strong export-import strategy Nagaland in 1872 and the subsequent and sustained efforts. Mokokchung is the opening of the first school in the Naga Hills transit point for places like Tuensang, at Molungyimsen in 1878 laid the backdrop Wokha, Zunheboto and Longleng. This on which the rest of Nagaland would have strategic location proves beneficial for to be founded. Mokokchung has been the m a n y p l a c e s w i t h i n N a g a l a n d centre of it all. Hence, it is only natural to economically. have a vision 2040 and beyond. In the words of former Nagaland Governor Dr Ashwani Social Aspirations Kumar: "Mokokchung has always led Providing adequate healthcare, water Nagaland." This is a call for Mokokchung to

200 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 supply and sanitation still needs Digital Aspirations improvement. For example, the free Everything is digitalised today. It has saved governmental medical check-up for school time, lives, resources and made individual, students is still limited to government society and nations more advanced and schools only. Extending this to private e f fe c t i ve i n m a ny w ays. B y 2 0 4 0 , schools is also an aspiration for all. Mokokchung can aspire to race with the Nepotism still rings loudly in the world along the digital highway. Besides, government employment mechanism. consistent coverage of all households, Providing fair opportunities to deserving offices and academic institutions with ultra and capable people must be ensured. high speed Internet connectivity is also an Besides, identifying the underprivileged aspiration. and giving them access to various opportunities can go a long way in building The schools and colleges should be a more secure society. HIV/AIDS people are running classes with state- of- the- art still stigmatised, despite the various moves digitised systems and highly equipped to dispel this. Marginalisation of women teachers. Water supply, power supply, traffic and youth must be eradicated in toto. regulation and other public domains need digitisation to promote efficiency. Political Aspirations Academic Aspirations T h e r e i s a n e e d t o p r o m o t e transparency and accountability to T h e n u m b e r o f s c h o o l s i n establish good governance. Effective Mokokchung at present is probably not management of funds is another felt enough to deal with the increasing number aspiration. The aspiration for free and fair of students both from within and outside elections, as originally influenced by the Mokokchung. Establishing more schools thoughts of Late Rev. Longri Ao and will create more job opportunities and more adopted by the NBCC later, needs to go on student population. This can up the until the goal is made. The concerned and intellectual level of Mokokchung. Besides, educated youths can oust the weathered with more academic institutions the politicians and make way for new focused frequency of brain drain can be contained. politicians to take the lead. Doing away There are only three colleges at the moment with tribalism and nepotism in the political namely, FazI Ali College, Peoples College a f f a i r s i s a n o t h e r a s p i r a t i o n f o r and Jubilee Memorial College. There is a dire Mokokchung 2040. The various tribal, need for higher education and technical social, traditional, cultural and academic education institutions to cater to the organisations or groups can promote the increasing number of students needing spirit of patriotism to cement the dignity of such education. Besides, many families face the Naga people and the Naga nation from extreme financial constraints and cannot the inside out. support their children's education. Hence,

201 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 technical institutions must come up within The church is a determining factor for the Mokokchung to cut the cost of expensive well- being of the Naga society. It needs a education outside. Mokokchung can revamping of its strategies to make ethics become the academic hotspot of Nagaland. and morality central in all the societal deliberations in order to establish a just Religious Aspirations society. The Nagaland of today has been shaped by the tenets of the Christian belief A SWOT Basis system in promoting peace, forgiveness An analysis of strengths, weaknesses, and reconciliation in a war and hatred-torn opportunities and threats can form a Naga society. The process is still going on. building block for the projects and strategic thinking towards Mokokchung Vision 2040.

Strengths Weaknesses Ø Plentiful arable land Ø Land ownership problem Ø Ø Accessible water sources Financial constraints Ø Ø Rich traditional and cultural heritage Lack of proper preservation Ø Artistic/craftsmanship talents Ø Less opportunities and resources

Ø Hospitable and cooperative society Ø Lack of encouragement

Ø High tourism potential Ø Poor infrastructure/ Small market

Ø Potential market growth Ø Ineff ective transport facilities Ø Geographically central Ø Poor road connectivity Ø “Land of Pioneers” Ø Land of corruption Oppor tunities Threats Ø Positive globalisation impact Ø Negative globalisation impact Ø Growing IT market Ø Gro wing internal threats Ø Regional integration Ø Rising global and regional instabilit y Ø Ø Becoming more cosmopolitan Overpopulation Ø Ø Industrialisation Envir onment damage

The above areas of aspirations are not them in the Naga Hills, wrote while they an exhaustive list but just some pointers to were still based at Sibsagar thus: "From the t h e p o s s i b l e i m p r o v e m e n t s a n d broad veranda of the mission bungalow we developments of Mokokchung as per the looked out day after day, on and on, beyond needs analysis at the moment. Newer assets the villages, across the paddy fields, over and liabilities will unfold with changing the jungles of the plains, upon the times and contexts. mountains towering in silent grandeur against the southern sky..." There is a silent Conclusion grandeur for Mokokchung to unfold in Mary Mead, wife of Dr E.W. Clark, 2040. referring to the mission that was before

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Mokokchung Vision 2040

Mokokchung Entrepreneurs Consortium

O n t h e i n v i t a t i o n o f t h e D e p u t y sensitize the society at large that Commissioner of Mokokchung, to this entrepreneurial development prologue of Vision Mokokchung 2040, the benefits every single member of the Mokokchung Entrepreneurs Consortium s o c i e t y a n d n o t j u s t t h e ( M E C ) t a k e s t h i s o p p o r t u n i t y t o entrepreneur alone. Draining out the share our vision for Mokokchung which we little resources that we have to other believe are realistic, relevant and achievable markets should be discouraged. In by the year 2040. There are many beautiful o t h e r w o r d s , s u p p o r t l o c a l dreams, many Important suggestions, entrepreneurs. We must make our brilliant ideas and strikingly vivid visions of people understand that we are only Mokokchung from various quarters. Each supporting our own economy when one of them Inspire us and we extend our we shop locally. So, how about support to them all. We also appreciate the launching a “Buy Local” campaign? Mayangnokcha Award Trust for taking the To compliment this “Buy Local” initiative in weaving out dreams for this campaign, we are ready to organize b e a u t i f u l l a n d we c a l l o u r h o m e, training sessions on customer care, Mokokchung. salesmanship and other areas for our When so many right thinking citizens come local entrepreneurs. together and envision their common future 2) Being a landlocked region, road in the best interest of all concerned, for the connectivity is the only means present and for posterity, we are optimistic through which we can transport that Mokokchung's future are in safe hands. goods, commodities and people as Allow us, therefore, to also share 'some' of of now. Therefore, the proper our thoughts on “Vision Mokokchung 2040.” development and maintenance of 1) Entrepreneurship is the engine for NH2 (Mkt Amguri Road) and NH 702- e c o n o m i c g r o w t h . T h a t i s a 0 (Mkg- Mariani Road) should be universally accepted truth. As given our fullest attention. That does entrepreneurs, the prime focus of not however mean that we should M E C i s o n M o k o k c h u n g ' s neglect the other roads like NH 2 entrepreneurial development. We (Mkg- Kma Road) but in terms of believe that efforts must be made by economic importance, these two all genuinely concerned citizens to roads are our lifeline. How optimally

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can we make use of these two vital them. They must be trained to make roads that we are fortunate to have? If smart decisions in financial matters. these two roads are of quality If we raise a generation of financially standard, we would be saving time, literate citizens, our economy would energy and resources in geometric boom by 2040. In this regard, MEC is proportions. So, why don't we start a ready to shoulder the responsibility "Good Roads Movement"? of establishing an exclusive 'bank' for 3) We believe that skill and human the children of Mokokchung where resources development is one area they can open their bank accounts, where we should put our focus on in make their savings, earn interests on order to alleviate our unemployment them, learn the dynamics of the problem which in turn will help bank ing system, understand develop our economy at the same finance, and above all prepare time assuaging the potential anti- themselves to face their financial social elements that unemployment future. MEC is presently running a problems is nature cause. We also micro-finance initiative ver y believe that the task of skill and successfully and we have the human resources development contacts and network with experts should not be simply left to the and professionals in this field whom government alone. In this regard, we we are ready to hire for the sake of propose that the mass based Mokokchung's financial future, if the organizations led by the Church and p e o p l e w a n t u s t o , a s o u r apex frontal organizations actively contribution towards realizing engage in this field on a Mission Vision Mokokchung 2040. Apart mode. from proposing suggestions, MEC strongly believes in putting words 4) Concepts of modern banking, into action if we are really serious budgeting, finance management about realizing our collective vision and savings are relatively new to us. of Mokokchung 2040. We believe that we must educate our children in this aspect in the practical 5) Lastly, and most importantly, MEC is p e r s p e c t i ve. Th e c h i l d re n o f of the opinion that when all Mokokchung should all be given the formalities in documenting “Vision opportunity and leverage to grow up Mokokchung 2040” are completed, a into financially literate adults. We special team must be instituted who must inculcate good savings habits in would be entrusted with the

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responsibility of ensuring that the very relevant to us today. 'visions' see the light of day, for we "Vision without action is merely a are not day-dreaming here. We mean dream. Action without vision just passes business. Let there be a 'special team' the time. Vision with action can change the who will meet every year-end, or as world." often as it may be necessary, to Thank you and God bless Mokokchung. evaluate the process and progress of realizing “Vision Mokokchung 2040” Presented by the Mokokchung so that our vision is translated into Entrepreneurs Consortium in response to the reality, so that we would all not have DC's invitation to the Prologue of Vision dreamed in vain. Mokokchung 2040, held Nov.I9, 2015, at ADC ( P l a n n i n g ) 0 f f i c e C o n f e r e n c e H a l l, We would like to remind us all of a Mokokchung. powerful tine by Joel A. Barker that is

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Mokokchung Vision Social Service Society

L. Obangla Ao President, SSS Anungla Aier General Secretary, SSS

On the vision Mokokchung 2040, the women to the decision-making bodies SSS(Social Service Society) would like to put but it is rather our traditional way of life up a few proposals for Mokokchung to be a that is providing a stumbling block to model, self-sufficient and citizen focused concepts of development and district having a strong and just municipal modernization- the accommodation authority taking care of the overall of women in decision making bodies development and pioneering new avenues like the municipal council being one. of services and production, at the same time The Naga ethnic identity and the taking into consideration of preserving the patrilineal system of life must be generic cultural identity of the land and its adequately guarded but certain things citizens. which can benefit society must adapt The proposals regarding vision 2040 are with the changing times. Women highlighted below: constitute almost half of the Naga population. And when this sizeable By 2040, Mokokchung should have a p o r t i o n o f t h e p o p u l a t i o n i s strong municipal council for the disregarded in the decision-making overall development of the town and bodies, the concerned population the district as a whole. Looking at the needs will face a lot of drawbacks. Man current state of affairs, implementing lives in a society comprising both the the municipal council has reached a sexes and both the sexes are stalemate mainly because of the supplementar y to each other; controversy surrounding the 33% therefore participation of both men reservation for women. We cannot and women will bring positive results deny the fact that the Ao Nagas from for our society. time immemorial has and have been following the patrilineal / patriarchal Mokokchung district has been aptly system of governance. However, in named as 'Land of Pioneers' and as this context, it can be argued that it is such, if we look at the history of the not men who are refusing to admit district we cannot deny the fact that,

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the Ao's were the pioneers in many spurious and adulterated liquor can arenas especially in the field of be found everywhere. As a result, education. Even the first college in apart from the exorbitant amounts Nagaland (Fazl Ali College) was set up drinkers have to pay, their health and and established here. Other than the life expectancy are damaged and only other college (People's College) radically shor tened. Therefore which was established subsequently, intervention becomes necessary and there are no other colleges that we can thus; by 2040 the district should have a s p e a k o f. T h e r e f o r e b y 2 0 4 0 well equipped counseling cum Mokokchung district should add at detoxification and rehabilitation least 5 more colleges which will centre to save the society from the provide quality education that will clutches of alcohol addiction.

benefit not only the students from For an area to thrive, it needs its Nagaland but Mokokchung can population and for this, close e ve nt u a l l y t u r n o u t to b e a n proximity to proper and up-to-date educational hub for the North East medical care facilities are a must. region. When people are deprived of this, they NLTP Act, 1989, came up with the migrate outside to avail such facilities. objective to totally ban the use and Th i s i s s i m i l a r i n t h e c a s e o f sale of all forms of alcohol. However Mokokchung. As such, a proper, the truth is that this has only modern, well equipped (man force as encouraged black-marketing and well as facilities) and up-to-date illegal liquor trading where sell of Hospital in Mokokchung is a must.

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TRANSCRIBES

1.A Prologue to Vision Mokokchung 2040.

2.P anel Discussion on Vision 2040

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A PROLOGUE TO VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Dr. Toshimenla; Dr. C Furkumzuk A PROLOGUE TO VISION MOKOKCHUNG was further followed by group discussion and 2040 feedback.

Date: 19th Nov. 2015 Finally, the last session was again presented by Venue: Assistant Development Commissioner Er.Moa Aier, on the idea of a 'Liberated Mind', (Planning) Conference Hall, Mokokchung. concept of Mokokchung, and on the key factors Time: 10:00 a.m. – 2:00 p.m. of Justice, Peace & Development.

Summary. PRESENTATION I: SOCIO- ECONOMIC; The discussion was chaired by Mr. Rajesh POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, EDUCATION Soundararajan, IAS, ADC Mokokchung on behalf Imlitoshi Walling, Principal, People's College o f t h e C o r e C o m m i t t e e f o r t h e Mokokchung: quasquicentennial celebration of Mokokchung town. He addressed the gathering with a Key points and Suggestions: welcome note and urged for a productive ● Shared experiences on the relationship deliberation, and to come up with achievable o f e c o n o m y a n d e d u c a t i o n i n goals for Mokokchung by 2040. Further, he Mokokchung town. Expressed concern encouraged the audience to envision over the huge amount of money being Mokokchung as a planned town citing the drained out for education outside examples of Chandigarh and Noida, which can M o k o k c h u n g . A l s o e x p r e s s e d be achieved only if Mokokchung has a higher concerned over the huge amount of standard and quality of life. transactions for loan recovery and its impact on the economy of the town, The 'Prologue' was moderated by Mr. Akok citing examples of specific important Walling, MAT President and Mr. Sugpongasang, government departments like the Police MAT Trustor, in three sessions. During the first department. session, one of the panelist, Er. Moa Aier, MAT ● Infrastructure development and Trustor, conducted a presentation on how they facilities for higher learning to attract would like to see the Vision document grounded students to study in Mokokchung. on the four broad themes of socio-cultural context, political, economic and education. This Temjenkaba, Principal Law College, Member, was followed by a group discussion and Senior Citizen Forum: feedback. Key points and Suggestions: ● G a v e a s t r o n g a r g u m e n t t h a t The second session was carried out by the Mokokchung is placed in a remote panelist Dr. Sunep Imchen, MAT Trustor with a location with respect to the time and presentation on how Mokokchung could be distance required to traverse from the developed based on a better understanding of a town to the state capital and other changed mindset, proper sanitation & waste major district headquarters. If not taken management, and developing Mokokchung as seriously, Mokokchung would be a place a hub for tradition, culture and modernity. This 209 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

for only a handful of government ● Paper presented on the aspirations of servants, school and college teachers the youths (please refer paper). and the business community would be completely sidelined. Tsukti Longkumer, Longpok Holdings; ● To take advantage and participate in the representative, Mokokchung Entrepreneurs GOI's Act East Policy. Consortium ● Foothill road/ Highway a necessity to ● Presented a paper with five specific realize and negate the arguments cited suggestions along with vivid concepts above. for its possible implementation (please ● Completion and maintenance of two refer paper). lane NH 2 with the highest standards ● Suggested to have a review every two to and quality. three years, to further conduct such panel discussions or organized Ms. Chubayangla, Principal, Fazl Ali College: programs and execute them. Key points and Suggestions: ● Need for another Government College Tsuktimeren, Chairman, Kichutip Ward to meet the demands of the district and Key points and Suggestions: adjoining areas. ● Expressed his regrets and deep concern ● To hasten the process of a Commerce for the existing unplanned expansion College in Mokokchung with the help of and growth of Mokokchung Town the 10 (ten) legislatures of Mokokchung during the recent past; he cautioned district. that, although many concepts and ● Improved Drinking water facility proposals for development were being especially for the town, need for public discussed and brought forward, it would toilets within the town. be difficult to implement them as ● To c h a n g e re gre s s i ve i d e a s by desired and it would only aggravate the respecting and encouraging farmers carrying capacity of the town. and the business community. ● Referring to the proposal for a change in ● Stressed on the Ethics of driving and the mindset of the people, he argued traffic rules and the need of refinement that the public of Mokokchung are in this area. unsusceptible to change. Thus, ve n t u r i n g i n to h i n te r l a n d s fo r settlements and other business' PRESENTATION II: MINDSET CHANGE; becomes a very slow process. SANITATION AND WASTE DISPOSAL; ● With no dearth of space and to realize all MOKOKCHUNG AS A HUB; TRADITION, the dreams and aspirations of 2040, he CULTURE AND MODERNITY s u g g e s t e d f o r a N e w P l a n n e d Mokokchung Town on a new site. Taliakum, General Secretary, Mokokchung Town ● He further argued that people lack the Lanur Telongjem. Profession: Teacher understanding for such big changes, ● Presented a concept paper for and though they might harbour brilliant d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e p r e s e n t ideas, they remain rather narrow- M o k o k c h u n g t o w n p a r k i n t o a m i n d e d i n t h e i r t h o u g h t s a n d multipurpose facility (please refer perspectives. paper).

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L Alemtemsu Ao, Vice President, Mokokchung reconciliations between i) Tribes, ii) District Sports Council Villages, iii) Clans. As Christians, he Key points and Suggestions: opined that one mind and one ● An ambitious proposal of a sports understanding would form the most village in Mokokchung which was s i g n i f i c a n t c o m p o n e n t o f t h e submitted to the Government was quasquicentennial celebrations. highlighted and the MDSC expressed ● Suggested to not only prioritize hope and optimism for funding the Mokokchung Town but to consider project and their desire for the Mokokchung district as a whole. development of sports in the district. ● The requirement of a better and more ● Conveyed the lack of and the need of refined policy for land acquisition and quality teachers in schools as this plays a holding. fundamental role in improving the ● Need for a Medical College was quality of education. suggested. ● Referred to Mongsenyimti's success in ● Sports infrastructure and development maintaining the cleanliness of the was emphasized. village through various awareness programmes throughout the year. He Lanu Imchen, Chairman, Kumlong Ward: also suggested to start a movement Key points and Suggestions: w i t h a s l o g a n f o r a d u s t f r e e ● Expressed concern over the problem of town/village/ district, and to have a graveyard. Suggested to explore ways to public mandate every now and then. manage it scientifically. ● He also stated that the land holding R Ayim Longkumer, Chairman, Arkong Ward policy should be clearly defined for any Key points and Suggestions: development to take place and find ● S u g g e s t e d t h a t t h e p e o p l e o f solutions for the land ownership Mokokchung should first change their problems which remains an unrelenting mindset by imbibing the sense of h i n d r a n c e i n m a n y a r e a s o f ownership and belongingness. d e v e l o p m e n t p a r t i c u l a r l y i n Reinforcing the fifth concept proposed Mokokchung. by M okokchung Entrepreneurs Consortium, Mr. Ayim was of the opinion Opangla Ao, Social Service Society that mere writings of a vision on paper Key points and Suggestions: would not have any tangible outcome ● Expressed concern over the very slow unless there was a check and balance growth rate of population and mechanism backed by a strong people's expansion of Mokokchung Town. movement. Brought to the fore the present trend of ● Emphasized on proper sanitation and migration and the opting of other waste management. towns for permanent settlement after retirement. She opined that this could I Shilu Yaden, Senior Citizen have serious ramifications with more Key points and Suggestions: negative implications considering the ● Advised organizing committee to space created, mostly by the intellectual explore ways and means to end hatred section of the society. A healthy debate and enmity if any, through prayers and

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on this issue was suggested and she Rotary Club, Mokokchung further emphasised on the need for a Key points and Suggestions: change in the mindset towards making ● Suggested that while envisioning Mokokchung a better place to live in Mokokchung Town one should also with better facilities and infrastructures. consider all the villages of the district ● More colleges, proper sanitation and with equal importance as the growth waste management was suggested. and development of the village would ● Responsibilities and Challenges of consequently determine the growth Mokokchung Municipal Council and development of the town. particularly on waste management and ● Considering the weak ness and sanitation need to be seriously debated strengths of our existing economy, it and the framework should be laid out to was suggested that a strong market enable best service delivery. networking mechanism be set up with other districts and other states. Limakumzuk, Chairman, Artang Ward Key points and Suggestions: PRESENTATION III: LIBERATED MINDS; ● Related the population statistics of CONCEPT OF MOKOKCHUNG; JUSTICE, Mokokchung town during the last two PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT decade and inferred from it a positive Rongsentemsu, Chairman, Alongmen Ward growth of double the figure when Key points and Suggestions: compared to the 1990s figure. He ● To explore the possibilities for s u g g e s t e d s e t t i n g a t a r g e t e d development of Mokokchung through population figure to be achieved by model towns like Darjeeling, Shillong 2040. and Shimla with special emphasis on ● Proposal for Mokokchung Ring road Educational infrastructure and facilities. development. ● Prime importance should be given to ● He opined that the mindset of the the power sector. villagers in and around the town were ● Careful planning required along the now more open and therefore, space proposed ring road and approach roads and land would not be a problem for any in the hinterlands. kind of development. ● Gave a positive response to the widening of the roads in Mokokchung Mr. Lanuakum, Secretary, Salangtem Ward as the landowners are ready to give the Key points and Suggestions: land to the government. ● Suggested for the of establishment of paper, plastic and rubber recycle plant Dr. Medem, IMH Mokokchung to combat the waste management Key points and Suggestions: challenges. ● Representing the Medical department ● Suggested for the use of alternative Dr. Medem said that, out of 675 options of septic tanks by the denizens Government district hospitals in India of the town, such as the use of bio- 22 are model district hospitals and IMH digester technology. i s o n e o f t h e b e s t p e r fo r m i n g government district hospitals. He expressed serious concern over the challenges faced by the medical

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f r a t e r n i t y a n d t h e p e o p l e o f and freedom prevails, all the visions will Mokokchung, and the need for the be achieved”. upgradation of the medical facilities in IMH. Allen Longkumer, General S ecretar y, ● He also shared an ambitious project Mokokchung District Art and Culture Council proposed to the government for the Key points and Suggestions: upgradation of medical infrastructures ● Expressed concern over the DC complex and facilities, and called upon the development. He pointed out that the public, stakeholders and leaders to site occupied by the para military forces support this proposal and bring the at i) adjacent to the present DC's office, project to its fruition. and ii) adjacent to Imkongmeren Sport Complex were yet to be vacated though Ms. Etisangla. Jamir, Executive member, Watsu new sites were allotted during the past Mungdang years. As a citizen of Mokokchung town, Key points and Suggestions he urged everyone to voice out this need ● Watsu Mungdang appreciated the to vacate the occupied sites and use it for initiative of Vision Mokokchung 2040 other productive development rather challenging the gathering with than for security purposes. optimism and also wishing the ● Need of a recreational center, possibly movement to be a 'Peoples Movement'. adjacent to Imkongmeren Sports The Mungdang also supported the Complex. many concepts, suggestions and ● He also conveyed his deep sense of proposals deliberated by various regret for various prime sites being individuals and organizations and wasted away. He further emphasised pressed that the contents of the vision that the need of the hour was to utilize document would have meaningful such sites. directions for the good of the society. ● He posited on having a motor sports ● Watsu Mungdang also shared their complex by 2040. concern over the policies and the decision making process involved in the L i m a l e n d e n L o n g k u m e r , P r e s i d e n t , overall development of the district; the Mokokchung Press Club Mungdang suggested an inclusive Key points and Suggestions: a p p r o a c h a n d p a r t i c i p a t i o n , ● He asserted to the gathering that the irrespective of gender and devoid of people of Mokokchung should wake up any bias. from their slumber and do away with their complacent attitudes and march Imkummeren Jamir, President, MTLT forward as responsible citizens. Key points and Suggestions: ● He also acknowledged MAT for their ● The desire and yearning for Peace and s a c r ifices a n d sho u l der in g the Freedom, and the consideration for all responsibility of the vision document aspects of life was exhorted by the which is in the making. President, MTLT. He strongly crusaded ● His suggestions for vision 2040 will be in for the desires of the youths of print media. Mokokchung, and said “if only peace

213 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Rajesh Soundararajan, IAS, Additional Deputy the simple principle of gravity and to Commissioner, Mokokchung take it up take up in pilot mode, as it has Key points and Suggestions: been proved successful in the Yunnan ● Opined that the development of province of China. He requested the Mokokchung town should be based on members to include this suggestion in the development of the district as a the proposal. whole. He appraised the gathering to ● To do more comparative case studies of recommend realistic and practical hill stations within and even outside the suggestions and concepts in order bring country and replicate the best practices the visions into reality. and models which would help develop ● Development of Cultural and eco Mokokchung. tourism. ● Cold storage facility in the district. The Prologue, which was an initial discussions Fruit/food processing plant that will for Vision Mokokchung 2040, ended with thanks benefit the neighbouring districts. from the Chair. ● Advocated to replicate the concept of bamboo rope ways, which acts only on Rapporteurs: Dr. Toshimenla; Dr. C Furkumzuk

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

PANEL DISCUSSION 14th & 15th Dec. 2015 Venue: Cosmos Hall, Mokokchung

Dr. Toshimenla; Dr. C FŸrkŸmzuk

14.12.2015: Day 1. Panel Discussion T. Imlitoshi. Walling Part-1 Summary: The paper presenter formulated a discussion ❖
Mr. Akok Walling President, MAT on the attitude of the people. He was of the gave the welcome address. He view that the undue respect given to Colonial addressed the participants and English must be removed. The pro forma given stated the programme was going in the topic being appreciated but problem in to be a People's Movement. He said executing but it can be solved through various that the Panel Sessions were an means. He said usage of internet to be adapted inter face and a continuous as per the locality. An assessment body will discussion. help in achieving our proposals. ❖
Shri Sushil Kumar Patel. IAS. Deputy Commissioner acknowledged MAT Comments received from the participants: for their tireless efforts given to ❖
Teachers should be more dedicated Vision 2040. He highlighted the and shun away from looking at their growing scarcity of water in profession only as a source of Mokokchung Town. He further livelihood. encouraged the projection of the ❖
Mobilize resources for more exposure challenges ahead so that its effects or exchange programmes. could be minimised by us. He also ❖
The mindset of ridiculing one's accent pointed out that even after 125 amongst the students should change. years since its inception as a town, ❖
Emphasize on English as the medium Mokokchung was still dependent of instruction for which teachers need on other states. He fur ther to be well equipped/trained in mentioned the need to dream big language skills. This needs to be for a better future for the coming inculcated to express our culture and generation. He concluded with his creativity. hopes for Vision 2040 and for it to ❖
Should have a properly managed be be formulated successfully. district library. ❖
IT is very important but it requires PRESENTATION I: proper management/guidelines to be Topic: If Education & Progress are intrinsically used efficiently. linked, is the present quality of education and ❖
Not only English but vernacular delivery good enough? If not, what are the l a n g u a g e s h o u l d b e e q u a l l y shortcomings and how it can be addressed. em phasized. Must b e made a

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compulsory subject upto higher best way to solve this “No Policy” secondary school. system? ❖
Local NGO's/Union can have a ❖
Refinement of nomination system common platform and set priorities. prior to election. Will it be possible? ❖
Medium of instructions at the primary ❖
Birthright, values of every individuals level should be the mother tongue. without gender discrimination. How ❖
An academic calendar for all the to implement? schools in Mokokchung district. Comments received from the participants: Questions received from the participants: ❖
No campaigns, No camps, no ❖
District Administration must take canvassing. Only public debate. initiatives to make NGOs participate Church to be fully involved. actively in education. ❖
Use of money during election to be ❖
What are the measures to set up b a n n e d. B a n k t ra n s a c t i o n o f appropriate Infrastructure like Library candidate/ workers to be closed. and Sports complex. ❖
A public movement for the cause of ❖
How to increase more Colleges and change. Somebody sacrificing their Vocational Institutions in the district. reputation/ image/ etc. and contest ❖
Exposure trips need to be initiated but election. it should be in an organized manner. ❖
Change of election system i.e. village ❖
To have a planning /assessment council/ senso decision to vote for committee to formulate proper entire village. education system. Need of an ❖
Installation of CCTVs independent body every 4/5 years. ❖
Core group/ youth to give awareness, ❖
Whether Funding and monitoring can enacting shows. be done by the District Planning ❖
Success stories of role of church. In Board Impur last election, Church members ❖
How to check the menace of ghost stood and did not allow a person to teachers in government schools. vote twice. ❖
F r e e c a m p a i g n m o v e m e n t / PRESENTATION II: reformation. ❖
All the elected members should come Topic: Role of individual, village councils, together for planning, development administration, church, civil societies, and advancement of the district candidates, parties and every stakeholder to across party line. achieve within the district, one-man-one-vote ❖
Each elected member should connect by the next election. w i t h t h e e l e c t o r a t e s o f h i s Takuyaba constituency.

Questions received from the participants: 15.12.2015: DAY – II ❖
Is the election not applicable in our context? What are the other viable Presentation III: Topic: The role of churches in election systems suitable for us? Mokokchung in the making of a society based ❖
According to you which/ what is the o n C h r i s t i a n v a l u e s .

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Dr. Lulen Jamir dynamism among the pastors/ church leaders that directly impact the church Paper presented on the topic followed by members, its moral values. group discussion. ❖
Church should involve in politics as a proactive watchdog. Questions & Comments received from the ❖
Culture based religion: as long as we participants: Christians carry on with our religion ❖
In order to learn the truth of God/ based on culture it will prove to be a understand the bible truly, the hindrance towards preaching the co n g re g a t i o n n e e d s p e r s o n a l truth of the Bible. salvation. The church's responsibility ❖
The church needs to understand the should be based on holistic salvation value of an individual and the church based on Jesus Model/ Paul's Model. needs to reach out to the individual ❖
Administration should be centralized without prejudices. The individual in the Mother Church. If the individual needs to be made aware of the fellowship conduct devotional services Christian way of life and ethical values at their own fellowship rather than so that it would help an individual to Wed/Sat services, more members mold their attitudes and their role in would attend the service. Whenever church and society. any fellowship has devotional services, ❖
The church should play a very they should ask permission from the proactive role and in voicing out the mother church regarding which needs of the people to transform preacher to bring. society and be prophetic in its mission. ❖
Church should not deviate from their ❖
More importantly, the church itself inherent responsibility and also should be free from malpractices, understand them. politics and other vices so that it can be ❖
Separation of religion and culture a model and agents of change. ❖
Moral and ethical values based on ❖
The church should stand for truth and truth. justice. ❖
Church has a defining voice and it should be judiciously used. Presentation IV: Nurturing a mindset that is ❖
Church should be careful not to conducive for Planetary - Human Flourishing: promote ism. Economic Development. Presented by Dr. ❖
Concentrate on spiritual growth for the Panger, OTS on behalf of Rev. Dr. Wat.i Aier, bible says “ we must reduce and He OTS. must increase” ❖
Change of belief system: devotion Questions & Comments received from the should not be mere rituals performed participants: every Sunday and weekdays. ❖
The economic mindset should be need ❖
Church should focus on soul winning based and not want based so that and less on infrastructure. Start greed, the spirit of materialism and seeking out for the lost sheep. Leave accumulation of wealth can be the comfort zone and move out. checked. ❖
We see a general lack of leadership/ ❖
The 3 institutions should focus on

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s h a r e d va l u e s o f s u s t a i n a b l e development. development and promote conducive ❖
A committee must be formed which mindset which will respect the dignity would see that timely awareness of all people and advocate that programs are held in the village to development should not be at the change their culture/ land ownership expense of the poor for the benefit of rights concept so that they let their some. land for development. ❖
Dignified or respected person should ❖
Nurturing mindset conducive for not be based on status or position in development: society. But it should be based on good ❖
We believe that a common framework moral life, a person of integrity, a o f r e f e r e n c e f o r e c o n o m i c person of good character. development is a priority. We believe ❖
Participatory mindset of the people strongly that it should be based on (1) requires: selfless contribution truthfulness (2) Honest y (3) (society should come first then the Hardwork (4) consistency in what we individual) e.g. land. do. ❖
Society's mindset (tribal, state, ❖
These values should be practiced church)is excellent, but what about starting from home to society. The individual mindset? custodians for the framework of ❖
Mindset: sense of belongingness. Our. reference for economic developments Us, not me myself. can be the tribe, state and the church. ❖
We need to preserve our identity but But the practice for values should we should do away with out tribal start from individuals. culture. ❖
Policy makers should emphasise on ❖
Among the tribal culture, certain basic departments like Roads, power values such as togetherness, family and water supply, education and values should be retained but health care. whatever acts as stumbling blocks ❖
Policy making planning should start for development should be done at village/ circle level. away with. ❖
Multipurpose projects at Milak/ ❖
Marriage parties should be made a Tsurang for the district. family affair and not extravagant. ❖
Civil societies/ organizations of various villages, ranges etc. should be Presentation V: understanding the discouraged. Fellowships of each economic dynamics of Mokokchung: v i l l a g e e t c , s h o u l d a l s o b e Building a generation of local entrepreneurs. discouraged. Tsukti. Longkumer. ❖
Associations/ unions of clans and f a m i l y l i n e a g e s h o u l d b e C o m m e n t s r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e discouraged. participants: ❖
First and foremost Government ❖
Campaign to buy local products- should own their own land so that it quality and price should be at par/ diminishes the land ownership rights competitive with others. which hamper our economic ❖
Model children bank: responsibility to

218 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

operate banks a/c/ manage ❖
Local handicraft and looms to be expenses. p r o m o t e d t h r o u g h r e l e v a n t ❖
Implement railway connectivity till department by means of sufficient Tuli so that it can foster economic funding system/ mechanisms. ties and promote economy. ❖
Good support system for establishing ❖
Local entrepreneurs should be of enterprise. educated in marketing, economics ❖
Our mindset should be such that we and above all the value of customer should not mind to start from scratch. service. ❖
Agri and allied departments should ❖
Local entrepreneurs should be be revived and revamped. f o c u s s e d i n p r o m o t i n g a n d ❖
Cold storage as required to preserve identifying certain food items which our local fruits/ products. can be produced in our area so that it ❖
Civic/ hygiene scene to be inculcated can meet the needs of the people t o m a k e o u r l a n d a t o u r i s t instead of depending too much on destination. import from other states. Meat products like pork can be one project, whereas vegetables etc are some Presentation VI: The role of policy makers areas where local entrepreneurs can and politics in development with specific emphasise and also educate the r e f e r e n c e t o M o k o k c h u n g . people. Khekiye K. Sema. IAS Rtd. ❖
The practice of entertaining sellers from Assam should be banned. ❖
Awareness programmes should be The speaker specifically pointed out the need given to bank workers so that their of having platforms for debate, discussion dealing approach towards handling and brainstorming pertaining to the many the entrepreneurs proves helpful. issues and problems the Nagas face today. Certain schemes under the bank, Appreciating the initiative and discussion local entrepreneurs should be given platform of the Vision Mokokchung 2040, prior privileges. and critically anticipating ideas, solutions ❖
Bank should be biased while and suggestions to sprout out through such handling various schemes like platforms, he urged the people of “PMEGP” “PMMUDRA ABHIYAN” Mokokchung to carry on the same concept to and it must be given to deserving further discussions in a bigger way into the genuine candidates. future. ❖
Timing for opening and closing of shops should be maintained. ❖
Gender issues have to be inculcated in ' our visions and talk. ❖
Buy only from Local' slogan will be ❖
Women are more responsible but we possible as and when the local restrain them by following the entrepreneurs change their PRO/ c u s t o m a r y l a w - s o w e d o b y attitudes/ price/ etc. circumstances. ❖
Business is fundamentally based on ❖
The problem with the womenfolk is competition. that they are brainwashed. As women

219 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

they accepted the secondary level.They Council of our town? need to come out from their cocoons of ❖
Is it possible to set up the said Council being a women and fight for their rights. at the earliest? And How? ❖
Under the present arrangement, Responses from the participants: separate MMC administrator must be ❖
Immediate need for change; is the posted immediately? community understanding and ❖
Under the 90:10 module of various willingness to take up issues? CSS, is it possible for the people of ❖
Generate repeated awareness which Mokokchung (not the Govt.) to will capture the youth. contribute the 10% through the ❖
We have a long way to go. People government for a specific project? need to expand to other places. ❖
A master plan should be prepared but in taking into confidence the opinion of the landowners. ❖
Traffic congestion is going to be a Presentation VII: Restructuring a strong major problem. What then must be and resurgent Mokokchung municipal done to solve this before it is too late? c o u n c i l . ❖
Municipal election should be held at Dr. Toshimanen Ozukum the earliest possible. ❖
Proper solid waste & recycling plants The speaker presented a brief background of to put in place. the Municipal Affairs Department and the ❖
Landowners should give land for Municipal Council Act. Highlighted the town expansion. Vision, SWOT analysis, and the way forward ❖
Ring road to be constructed. for MMC.

C o m m e n t s r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e Vote of thanks was pronounced by Ms. participants: Bendanglila, ADC & Administrator MMC. She ❖
Can we change the mindset by said that Vision 2040 will be a dream for blending and inculcating the best of achieving excellence for the people of tradition and culture with modern Mokokchung. concept of development and progress, in which village is the basis. Closing Remarks & Conclusion were given by ❖
Out of 1808 shops under MMC, there Er. Moa Aier, MAT and Coordinator Vision are 102 shops which are graded as Mokokchung 2040. He proposed a 3-point A+, owned mostly by Non locals who Resolution which was accepted by the House are skilled and are doing larger scale with a show of hands as follows; of business. How do we compete and reach their level at the earliest? 1. That the Vision Mokokchung 2040 document be published in adequate Q u e s t i o n s r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e quantity for public awareness and participants: education; ❖
What are the measures to set up a 2. that the implementation of the strong and effective Municipal Vision Mokokchung 2040 document

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and its recommendations be a People's Movement; 3. that an appropriate and empowered body be set up under the aegis of the District Administration and the Apex Civil Societies of Mokokchung for the implementation of the Vision Mokokchung 2040. The Panel Discussion concluded with thanks from the Moderator.

Rapporteurs: Dr. Toshimenla; Dr. C Fürkümzuk Volunteers: 12 students from Fazl Ali College, under the supervision of Dr. Imtiwati, Department of Physics.

221 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 (In commemoration of 125 Years Anniversary of Mokokchung Town) A Prologue By Mayangnokcha Award Trust (MAT)

Date: 19th November 2015 Time: 10:00 a.m Venue: ADC (Planning) Conference Hall. Mokokchung.

· Welcome address ………...
Mr. Sushil Kumar Patel, IAS DC & Convenor, Core Committee.

· Moderators ……………….
Mr. Akok Walling, MAT President, & Mr. Supongasang, Trustor.

· Rapporteurs ………………
Dr. Fürkümzük, Trustor & Dr. Toshimenla, Associate.

· Presentation – I …………..
Er. Moa Aier, Trustor. · Discussion ………….……..
Moderator.

· Presentation – II …………
Dr. Sünep Imchen, Trustor. · Discussion ………………..
Moderator.

· Presentation – III……………. Er. Moa Aier, Trustor. · Discussion and closing remarks ….... Moderator.

Presentation – I a. Introduction. b. Socio - Cultural. c. Political. d. Economic and e. Education. Presentation –II a. Mindset change. b. Sanitation& Waste Management. c. Mokokchung as a Hub. d. Tradition, Culture and Modernity. Presentation –III a. Liberated minds. b. Concept of Mokokchung. c. Justice, Peace and Development.

222 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST

“For Academic Excellence”

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 On the occasion of Mokokchung Town Quasquicentennial Day 1: Panel Discussion (Part – I)

Date : 14th Dec 2015. Time : 2:00 p.m. Venue : Cosmos Hall. Mokokchung.

Moderators: Rev. Wati Longkü mer, MAT Dr. Sü nep Imchen, MAT

· Welcome &Introduction : Mr. Akok Walling, MAT · Invocation : Mr. Puryabang, Pastor, Yimyu B.C. · Short Address : Mr. Sushil Kumar Patel, IAS, D.C. Mkg. · Vision 2040 Keynote Address: Er. Moa Aier, MAT · Oral Presentation – I : Mr. T. Imlitoshi Walling, Principal, People’s College · Discussion. · Oral Presentation – II : Mr. Takuyaba, Advocate & Ex.MLA · Discussion. · Closing Remarks& Conclusion.

Rapporteurs: Dr. Fü rkumzü k. Dr. Toshimenla Kichu.

223 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

MAYANGNOKCHA AWARD TRUST “For Academic Excellence”

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040 On the occasion of Mokokchung Town Quasquicentennial Day 2: Panel Discussion (Part – I I)

Date : 15th Dec 2015.Time : 10:00 am Venue : Cosmos Hall, Mokokchung. Moderators: Mr. Akok Walling, Dr. Sü nepImchen, Mr. Sü pongasang MAT

· Invocation : Mr. Bendang Lkr, Pastor, Artang B.C

Morning Session:

· Oral Presentation – III : Dr. LulenJamir, Dimapur. · Discussion. · Oral Presentation – IV : Rev. Dr. Wati Aier, Dimapur. · Discussion. · Oral Presentation – V : Mr. Ts ü ktiLongkumer, Mkg. · Discussion

- B r e a k -

Afternoon Session:

Oral Presentation – VI : Mr. KhekiyeK.Sema, IAS Rtd. Kma. · · Discussion

· Oral Presentation – VII : Dr. ToshimanenOz ü kum. Kohima

· Discussion

· Vote of Thanks:Mrs.Bendanglila, ADC&Administrator MMC

· Closing Remarks &Conclusion :Er. Moa Aier, MAT.

Rapport eurs: Dr. Fü rkumzü k. Dr. Toshimenla Kichu Dr. Imomanen Tzü dir

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VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Author Introductions.

Sl. Writer Brief Introduction

1. Abhishek Singh, IAS The writer is former D.C Mokokchung and currently Commissioner Home Department, Government of Nagaland

2. Aier, I.L The writer is Professor in the Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, NEHU, Shillong.

3. Alemtemshi Jamir, IAS (Rtd) The writer is former D.C Mokokchung and former Chief Secretary, Nag aland. The Mokokchung District Art & Culture Council (MDACC) was formed under his initiative during his tenure as D.C Mokokchung.

4. Amenba Yaden, IFS (Rtd) The writer is currently the MLA representing Tuli Assembly Constituency.

5. Anungla Aier The writer is Senior Lecturer at District Institute of Education & Training (DIET), Mokokchung.

6. Asü ngba K. Sangtam The writer is one of the pioneers of Mokokchung town, he is former MP (LS).

7. Bendangnukshi M. Longkumer The writer is one of the pioneer entrepreneurs of

Mokokchung, well known social worker, former Chairman Mokokchung Town Committee, and presently Senior Advisor, MCCI. 8. Imlirenla The writer is former President of Watsü Mungdang. She is the Principal of Town Higher Secondary School, Mok okchung. 9. Imlitoshi T. Walling The writer is Principal, P eople’s College, Mokokchung. The writer is former President, Naga Students’ 10. Temjen K. Jamir Federation (NSF), and Editor of Tir Yimyim, an Ao news daily. 11. Khekiye K. Sema, IAS (Rtd) The writ er retir ed as a Secretary to the Govt. of Nagaland. Actively engaged in social concerns, he is a senior Advisor and mentor to ACAUT, an anti corruption movement.

225 12. Lanukaba Imchen The writer is President, Farmers Union Mokokchung, an entrepreneur and a prominent social worker.

13. Limalenden Longkumer A journalist and one of the Administrators of social media group “I Love Mokokchung”.

14. Lendinokdang A social activists, the writer is former President Ao Senden, and presently the President Nagaland

Tribes Council (NTC).

15. Dr. Lulen Jamir A theologian and in full-time ministry, he is a key resource person in sever al Church organized seminars and workshops. He is also the President, Goodnews Ministries.

16. Meren Paul, T The Vice-President of Nagaland Olympic Association, President of Nagaland Boxing Association, the writer is former Transport Commissioner, Nagaland. 17. Moa S. Longkumer The writer has a degree in Journalism and worked at PTI Mumbai office before Joining Nagaland Government Service. He has retired from Government service as Senior Assistant Estate Officer, PWD Nagaland, but continues as an active social worker.

18. Moasangba Jamir The writer is a prominent social worker in Mokokchung. He is the proprietor of Metsü ben Hotel and presently the President of Mokokchung Chamber of Commerce and Industries (MMCI). 19. Sendongla The writer is former President, Watsü Mungdang.

20. Temjen Toy , IAS The writer is former D.C Mok okchung, and curr ently holds the post of Addl. Chief Secretary,

21. Dr. Tiameren Jamir Emergency Physician and Head Emergency Medicine Learning Center GVK Emergency Management and Research Institute, Shillong, Meghalaya.

22. Prof. Temsula Ao Prof. Temsü la Ao is a writer and Chairperson of the Nagaland State Women's Commission. As a writer, she has contributed richly to Naga literature and folklore, and has several books and novels to her credit. She retired from NEHU Shillong as a Professor in English.

226 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

23. Thangi Manen L.H The writer is former Commissioner & Secretary to the Government of Nagaland.

24. Dr. Toshinaro Longchar The writer holds a PhD in International Peace Studies

from Trinity College, Dublin. She previously worked at Gleencree Centre for Peace & Reconciliation, Dublin and at Martin Luther Christian University, Shillong. She was also a member of the NBCC Peace Committee.

25. Tsü kti Longkumer The writer is a social worker and an entrepreneur. Actively involved in various social issues from his student days, he has immensely contributed to the society at large. He is the proprietor of Longpok Holdings and Whispering Winds Hotel in Mokokchung.

26. Dr. Walunir The writer teaches English Literature at Amity Institut e of English Studies and Research.

27. Rev. Dr. Wati Aier The writer is a social reformer, musician, author and a theologian. He was the first principal of the Oriental Theological Seminary (OTS) sponsored by NBCC. He is the Convenor of Forum for Naga Reconciliation (FNR).

28. Dr. Pangernungba Kichu The writer is Associate Professor of Christian Ethics at Oriental Theological Seminary. He is an active member of the NBCC initiated “Clean Elections” campaign.

29. Zulunungsang Lemtur. The writer was Program Coordinator at Clark Centre for Peace Research and Action, CTC Aolichen, Mokokchung. Studied Theology and Ethics, and presently doing his PhD at Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley, California.

227 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Vision Mokokchung 2040 An Exercise on Mindset Change.

Within the context of Mokokchung - its people, location and its history, can we collect some areas where a mindset change is required.

What is the present mindset and in which direction should it change? Sl. Theme Context 1 Socio-cultural Evolution, impediments, progress and development 2 Economic Entrepreneurship and business, infrastructure, hinterland. 3 Political Patriotism, Governance, leadership & participation, peoples relationship. 4 Education Creating a conducive and supporting environment – social, economic, accessibility, educational infrastructure and quality.

An illustration on Mindset change.

1. Socio-cultural: A. Civic Sense.

Sl. Present Behavior Changed Behavior Outcomes 1. Riding without helmet Rides with helmet Safety of the rider 2. Unplanned Double parking Single parking Less Traffic congestion/jams 3. Near middle road parking Proper parking as per Less traffic parking designated places congestion/jams 4. Littering No littering Cleaner streets

5. Random pan spitting at No spitting Cleaner streets, public spaces (street, offices, buildings etc. public buildings etc.) 6. Attitude that public property Care for public property as Better public belongs to the Govt and not one’s own. services.

caring for its upkeep. Mindset Change Paying for due user charges wherever applicable. 7. Unwillingness to give way Willingness to give space Improved living for public space. for public utility. conditions for everybody concerned. 8. 9.

228 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

B. Tradition. Sl. Present Behavior Changed Behavior Outcomes 1. Only my historical account is Accepts that oral history Reduced social

right (oral) can be inaccurate at times, misunderstanding and may need mutual and conflicts. understandings. 2. Culture is constant. Its dynamic and can A richer, more change or evolve over relevant and time. vibrant culture. 3. Mindset Change 4.

Economic.

Sl. Present Behavior Changed Behavior Outcomes 1. Lack of recognition and Promote and encourage Economic support for entrepreurship. entrepreneurship. progress.

2. Unwillingness to work Take up any work/job as Self-sustaining hard. Lack of work ethics. honourable. society and economy. 3. Dependency on imports Self produce. Circulation of (even on items which can money and be locally produced). generating more Mindset Change economic activities. 4. 5. Political.

Sl. Present Behavior Changed Behavior Outcomes 1. Inflated electoral list. Clean electoral list. Reduced proxies

2. Electoral malpractices. Clean election Accountable Government 3. Lack of principles. Principled stand. Stability and better governance. 4. Mindset change 5.

229 VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

4. Education. Sl. Present Behavior Changed Behavior Outcomes 1. Pursuit of higher marks Learning and education A better student

equating to better includes life skills, leading to a better learning. attitudes, civic sense, society. amongst others. 2. If you don’t want to “Work”, Education and studies for Contributes for a study hard. acquiring knowledge more productive

Mindset change and skills. society.

3. 4.

Mindset change is an often repeated topic. But what exactly is mindset change? Here we attempt to illustrate a few areas in which fundamental changes are required, changes if effected, will amount to mindset change.

Citizens are encouraged to further expand the areas as well as add more rows under “Present behaviour – Changed behaviour – Outcomes”.

230 Canaan Transformational Matrix

Resources Work Ethics Social behavior Health Issues Spiritual life Management · Thrift · Disciplined · Dress simply · Sport · Personal · Save food schedule · Table manners · Eat to work prayer Individual · Save energy · Work hard · No litter · Sacrificial · Innovate spirit

231 · Recycle · Everybody · Transform · Diversified diet · Family materials/ works home setup/ worship Family food · All children at design school

· Recover · Solidarity with · Simple life · Plant nutritive · Conflict wasteland the poor ceremonies crops resolution Village · Work for · Restore dignity · Fight community witchcraft VISION MOK

· Stop · Prioritise · Patriotism · Fight alcoholism · Nation gained

Nation importing agriculture · Stop corruption for God OK

rice CHUNG 2040

VISION MOKOKCHUNG 2040

Coordinating Editors: Akok Walling MA (NEHU Shillong), PGDTE (NEHU Shillong), MA-ELT (London)

President. He took up teaching as a profession in the 1980s and taught English literature and language at Sao Chang College, Tuensang and Fazl Ali College, Mokokchung. Having received British Council Scholarship he did a professional course of study leading to Masters in English Language teaching at Thames Valley University (now University of West London), UK. Besides serving in various NGOs at different capacities Akok Walling took dedicated initiatives and contributed immensely towards the introduction of Functional English as Vocational Subject at undergraduate level under Nagaland University, a UGC programme. At present he is the Principal of Dimapur Government College. He is also a recipient of several awards like District Award for “Dedicated Service,” Meritorious Award, Higher Education, Govt of Nagaland and Governor's Gold Medal for “Excellent Service”. As an extension service he is committed to rendering social service to the Naga family Moa Aier B.E (EE) (CEG Chennai), MBA (CQU Sydney). One of the founding members of MAT and its first Secretary, he has actively contributed in various social and church based voluntary programs. As a student, he has served in various capacities in several student based bodies. He is the founder President of the NCF Chennai. In Sydney he also worked as a System Administrator for an international economic analyst and publishing Company, tracking and advising international clients on various major developmental projects across the Asia-Pacific region. On behalf of the same Company, he also prepared several strategic papers for EnergyAustralia, the largest electricity utility in Australia.

Widely traveled, he also attended an energy efficiency training program under the Japanese Overseas Training Scholarships in Tokyo. He was the Convenor of the Committee to bring out ABAM Vision 2030 adopted by the ABAM Central Council during Nov 2014. Deeply committed to education as a key factor for social transformation, he is the President of C-Edge College, Dimapur, and currently serves as a Superintending Engineer (E) in the Dept. of Power, Nagaland. Supongasang M.Sc. Geography & Resource Management (NU Lumami)

A teacher by profession, a Trustor of Mayangnokcha Award Trust, he is widely involved in several church activities and social organization contributing in many ways. He is also the Secretary of AKM's Survival Mokokchung Movement, which has been a major catalyst for social change and transformation in Mokokchung.

232 Mayangnokcha Award Trust For Academic Excellence

Mayangnokcha Award Trust (Estd 1993) is a non-profit, voluntary, philanthropic organization dedicated to working for the uplift and promotion of quality education in Nagaland.

It has played a pioneering and significant role in giving due recognition and honouring Naga students who excel in HSLC Examinations under Nagaland Board of School Education (NBSE), which has been a role model and an encouragement for several such initiatives within the State. It has also specially contributed to sensitization of quality education in various ways, notably its School Assessment Program (2009-10), which it hopes to make into a standard benchmark for promoting and assessing quality education.

The Trust is named after Mayangnokcha (1901-1987) whose life history occupies a unique and unparalleled position in the annals of Education in Nagaland.

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