DOCSLIB.ORG

279 © the Author(S) 2016 K. Von Lingen (Ed.), War Crimes Trials in the Wake of Decolonization and Cold War in Asia, 1945–1956

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
279 © the Author(S) 2016 K. Von Lingen (Ed.), War Crimes Trials in the Wake of Decolonization and Cold War in Asia, 1945–1956 INDEX A Attlee, Clement, 137 Abe Shinzo, 262 Attorney General Netherlands East affidavits, 35, 65, 128, 158, 188, 261, Indies, 12, 199, 245 262, 264, 271n38, 272, 274–8 Aung San, 14, 120, 129, 130 Aihara, Kazutana, 157n76 Australia, 1, 19, 21n35, 54, 73, 102, Akutsu Toshi, 158 118, 120, 133n49, 147n17, 155, ALFSEA. See Allied Land Forces South 157, 177, 178, 179n65, 203, East Asia (ALFSEA) 212, 221–38, 273n46 ALFSEA Legal Section, 207 Australian National Archive Canberra Allied Forces Netherlands East Indies (NAC), 147, 159 (AFNEI), 196n4 Australian policy for Japan, 227, 229, Allied Land Forces South East Asia 237 (ALFSEA), 124n12, 124n13, Australian prosecution of Japanese war 181, 196, 199, 207, 213 criminals, 226 Annam, 167n1, 184 Axis, 20, 67, 79, 81, 117, 171 Anslinger, Harry, 44–8, 47n176, 48n183–5, 49n186 Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League B (AFPFL), 120, 127 Bajpai, Girja Shankar, 73, 74 anti-Japanese sentiment, 268 Ba Maw, 12, 14, 119–21 Asia-Pacific region, 6, 102, 145, 148, Bataan Death March, 159n85 149, 156, 221 Batavia/Jakarta, 147n17, 196n2–4, atomic bomb, 81 198, 201, 201n28, 205n45 Note: Page numbers with “n” denote notes. © The Author(s) 2016 279 K. von Lingen (ed.), War Crimes Trials in the Wake of Decolonization and Cold War in Asia, 1945–1956, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42987-8 280 INDEX Bates, M.E., 35 Capas Bridge (Luzon), 158 B-class cases, 21n35, 93, 108, 145n8, Carr, Arthur Comyns, 84 151, 152n43, 179n64, 180, 187, Carter (Colonel), 145n6 192, 221, 222, 223n3 C-class cases, 94, 108, 145n8, 150, Beijing/Beiping, 93, 98, 103n52, 151, 152n43, 179n64, 180, 187, 109, 261, 262, 267, 272n41, 192, 221, 222 278 Cebu (Philippine province), 165 Benders J. G. (Captain), 198, 198n13, Celebes (Philippine province), 198n15 153n50, 211n59, 216n84, Bernard, Henri, 53, 61n40 217n84 Big Three, 144 Chiang Kai-shek, 20, 100, 100n36, biological warfare, 241, 246, 247, 105, 106, 113, 184, 264, 265, 252, 254–8, 275 272 biological weapons, 240, 246, 247, China, 2, 25–50, 54, 73, 93–116, 249, 254, 255 118, 147, 167, 222, 240, 261 Brereton, George H. (Commander), Chinese Criminal Code, 108, 109, 149n25 112 Britain, 11, 21, 26–8, 28n17, 42, 43, Chinese Criminal Law for the Armed 45, 46, 58, 82–6, 102n43, 119, Forces, 108 120, 147n17, 157, 175, 177, Chinese Nationalist Government, 93, 180–2, 197n6, 234 101, 105n58, 108 British Military Administration Chongqing, 20, 56, 103, 105, 119, (Burma), 122 122, 265 Bujinowski, Anthony (Lieutenant), Cochinchina, 167n1, 186 155 Cold War, 1–23, 79, 86, 94, 142, 182, Bunji Kanto, 154n60 184, 193, 223, 223n3, 225, 226, Burma, 6, 9, 12–14, 16, 87, 117–42, 236, 239–60, 266n22, 270n34, 170, 173, 211n58, 225 273 Burma Independence Army (BIA), collaboration, 11, 14, 52, 54, 56, 120 57, 59, 61, 63, 64, 67, 87, 119, Burma National Army (BNA), 120 121, 126, 129, 129n31, 150, 159n86, 176, 177, 178n60, 182, 190, 197, 201n28, 252, C 255, 276 Cabadbaran, 156 colonialism, 2, 15, 23, 25–50, 89, 94, Cabanatum P.O.W. Camp, 158 95n7, 113, 139, 255 Cambodia, 9, 167n1, 173, 183, 186 comfort station(s), 150, 155 camp Bilibid Hospital, 153 comfort women, 134, 150, 154, camp Davao, 153 211n58 camp Nichols Field, 153 Commission on Responsibilities, camp O'Donnell, 153 Versailles, 126 Campos, Pilar, 164 Commission on War Criminals, 104, Canlubang, Laguna, 159 104n57 INDEX 281 common plan, 110n88, 147 F conspiracy, 41, 63, 77, 110n88, 147, Far East, 20, 28, 30, 37, 38, 46, 48, 206n47, 266, 272, 275 58, 61, 67, 73, 85, 100, 100n34, Control Council Law Number 10, 147 103, 104n56, 122, 149, 149n28, Coup d’état March 1945, 60, 167, 169, 174, 179n64, 193, 221, 178 231, 240, 246, 248, 255, 257n62, 258, 261, 263, 271, 273 Far East Advisory Committee, 100, D 100n34 Damen, B. (Mr.), 196 Far Eastern and Pacific Sub-­ Davao Penal Colony, 158 Commission, 20, 103, 104n54, death penalty, 15, 33, 94, 108, 161, 104n56, 122 163, 165, 192, 200, 205, First Indochina War, 173 205n43, 253, 259, 278 First Sino-Japanese War, 99, 108 decolonization, 1–23, 69–91, 94, 116, Force 136, 128 120, 143, 167–93, 195–220, forced prostitution, 150, 151, 154–6, 223, 225, 241 165, 166 Decoux, Jean, 173, 175 France, 2, 11, 12, 21, 28n17, 40, Decoux−Nishimura agreement, 61 51–67, 73, 95n8, 98n18, Defence of Burma Act and Rules, 132 102n41, 111n93, 118, 157, De Gaulle, Charles, 56, 64, 170n17, 167–75, 169n14, 170n17, 175 171n24, 177–84, 178n60, Demaso Advincula, 161n98 179n65, 186, 193, 222, 245 district officers (Burma), role in Franco-Thai border, 60, 62 investigation, 126, 127 free China, 56, 103 Dorman-Smith, Sir Reginald, 122 Free France, 56, 57, 62, 64, 177 drugs, 6, 25–34, 36, 40, 41–50, 112, French Resistance fighters, 170, 174, 113 177, 188, 189, 193 Dutch East Indies, 154 Fukunaga Kiyozo, 158 Fuller, Stuart, 31–4, 41–9 Fushun (city, PRC), 262, 270, 273, E 273n45, 275, 276 Europe, 1, 3–7, 60, 101–3, 117, 121, 129, 144, 145, 147–9, 168, 173, 195, 240 G Executive Order No 68 Gascoigne, Alvary, 84 (Establishment a National War Geneva Convention on the conduct of Crimes Office and Prescribing warfare, 101 Rules and Regulations Governing Germany, 4, 11, 53, 56, 59, 60, 99, the Trial of Accused War 100n32, 102, 124, 144n4, Criminals), 161 147–50, 149n28, 168, 170, Ex Parte Vallandigham, 146n16 170n18, 172, 184, 207, 240n5, extraterritoriality, 15, 16, 93–116 247, 249, 250n39, 255, 273 282 INDEX Gledhill, Alan, 16, 16n28, 132, high commission, 59, 64, 83, 84n50, 132n46, 132n47 176n51, 185 Golunsky, Sergey, 243 high commission, Saigon, 59, 64, 185 Gorshenin, Konstantin, 249–51 HikotaroTajima (Lieutenant General), Goto Shimpei, 41 154 Great Britain, 21, 58, 84, 147n17, Hindu Law, 77, 81, 88 157, 177, 180–2 Hirohito, 241, 255, 267, 274 Grew, Joseph C, 36 Ho Chi Minh, 168 Guam, 1, 149, 150, 150n37, 151n38, Homma, Masaharu (Lieutenant 158 General), 153, 153n54, 161, Guangzhou, 93, 181 166n126 Guerrero, Cesar Marie (Bishop), Hoo Chi-Tsai (Victor), 33, 45 159n86 Hoog Militair Gerechtshof van Guomindang, 20, 44, 119, 263, 265, Nederlands Indië (Supreme 268, 271, 276 Military Court for the Guomindang/Kuomintang , 20, 44, Netherlands Indies), 201 119, 256, 263, 265, 268, 271, Hoshino Naoki, 31, 154n60 276 Hsipaw (Thibaw) , 125 Guomindang trials of collaborators/ Hukbalahap (the Nation's Army hanjian, 20, 119, 263, 265, 268, against the Japanese Soldiers, 271, 276 Philippin Communist guerrilla movement), 159n83 Hung Chi Shan Tang, 35 H Hague Convention on Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on I Land, 109 Ichikawa Seigi, Major, 133, 134 Haïphong, 60, 62, 64, 174, 174n36 ICWC (International Research and Hajime Ainoda, 163n108 Documentation Centre War Hankou, 93 Crimes Trials, Marburg, Germany), Hanoi, 174, 174n36, 185, 190 152n43, 155n61, 165, 183, 204 Haruda, 159n84 Imamura, Hisamitsu, 154n60 Hatta, Mohammad, 211 IMTFE. See International Military Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 72, Tribunal for the Far East 72n8, 88, 88n68 (IMTFE) heiho, 201n26, 211n58, 212n63 India, 9, 26, 28n17, 40, 54, 69–91, Helmick, Milton J., 106 102, 102n43, 119, 124, 130, Henson, Maria Rosa, 150n34, 155n69 133, 136n60, 139, 177, 179n65, Hideichi Nakamura, 164n117, 165, 225, 244, 245 165n122, 165n124 Indian National Army , 84, 130 Hideo Tanaka, 161n98, 164n116, Indochina, French, 11, 51, 52, 62, 164n118 173, 174n36, 175, 185 INDEX 283 Indonesia, 9, 10, 13, 14, 87, 90, 170, Japan, 1, 26, 51, 73, 93–143, 167, 173, 197n8, 210, 211n58, 189–90, 195, 221–39, 261 212n63, 215n75, 217n88, 219, Japanese Surrendered Personnel (JSP), 225 131, 131n43, 136n60, 214, Indonesian independence, 198, 199, 214n72, 215n75, 217 212n63, 216 Japanese war criminals, Soviet Indonesian struggle for independence, prosecution of, 66, 274 195, 199 Jaranilla, Delfin, 53 International Committee of the Red Java, 8, 123, 196n4, 197, Cross, 101, 132n44, 136n60 197n6, 197n8, 201, 210, International Law Commission, 87, 89 211n58, 211n59, 212, International Military Tribunal for the 212n63, 213, 213n66, Far East (IMTFE), 2, 6, 7, 11, 213n70, 214, 214n72, 16, 18, 19, 27, 51–67, 69, 74, 215n75, 215n77, 216, 80, 93, 113, 134, 168, 179, 221, 216n80, 216n82, 217n84 231, 240, 241, 241n8, 246, 256, Jinan, 93, 109 261, 263, 265n14, 271n38, Jiro Mizoguchi, 154n60 273n45 Judge Advocate General (JAG), International Military Tribunal for the 133, 146, 146n15, 148, Far East, Soviet criticism of, 63 150, 152, 154, 155, 160, International Military Tribunal for the 161, 163 Far East, Soviet delegation, 113, 241 International Military Tribunal (IMT)/ K Nuremberg Tribunal, 19, 54, 63, Kōain (Asia Development Board), 33, 108, 110, 110n88, 240, 258 40 International Peace Campaign, 100, Kalagon, 133–5, 137 100n36 Kalaw, 124 International Prosecution Section Katju, Kailash Nath, 85 (IPS), 54, 263 Katsuyoshi Taninaka, 161n98 internment camps, Burma, 124, Kawane Yoshikata, 159n85 211n28 Keenan, Joseph B., 54, 61, 79, 80, 83, Ishii Shiro, 19, 254, 256–8, 267 244, 263, 264 Ivan Zaryanov, 243 Kenichi, Sone, 147 Iwasaki Masutaro, 158 Kenpeitai, 23, 207 Iwataka Kenji, 158 Khabarovsk Trials, 240–3, 246–59, 267 Khalkhin-gol River, 244 J Kimura Heitarō (General), 134 Jackson, Robert Houghwout, 149, Kin Ryu Rin, 53 149n30 Kiyoshi Nishikawa, 153 Saintt James’s Declaration, 102, 177 Koike, 159n84 284 INDEX Koninkrijk Nederlandsch-Indisch Advisory Committee on the Leger (KNIL) / Royal Trafficking of Opium and Netherlands Indies Army, 199, Other Drugs (Opium Advisory 211n58, 219 Committee or OAC), 26 Kono, Takeshi (Lieutenant General), Commission of Enquiry into Opium 153 between 19, 29–30, 43 Koo, Ji Kyuin/Ku Wei-chiun Liang Yunli, 102, 103 (Wellington), 44
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Analecta Nipponica
    5/2016 Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATION FOR JAPANESE STUDIES Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATIOn FOR JapanESE STUDIES 5/2016 Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATIOn FOR JapanESE STUDIES Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATIOn FOR JapanESE STUDIES Editor-in-Chief Alfred F. Majewicz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń Editorial Board Agnieszka Kozyra University of Warsaw, Jagiellonian University in Kraków Iwona Kordzińska-Nawrocka University of Warsaw Editing in English Aaron Bryson Editing in Japanese Fujii Yoko-Karpoluk Editorial Advisory Board Moriyuki Itō Gakushūin University in Tokyo Mikołaj Melanowicz University of Warsaw Sadami Suzuki International Research Center for Japanese Studies in Kyoto Hideo Watanabe Shinshū University in Matsumoto Estera Żeromska Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań The publication was financed by Takashima Foundation Copyright© 2015 by Polish Association for Japanese Studies and Contributing Authors. ANALECTA NIPPONICA: Number 5/2015 ISSN: 2084-2147 Published by: Polish Association for Japanese Studies Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28, 00-927 Warszawa, Poland www.psbj.orient.uw.edu.pl University of Warsaw Printers (Zakłady Graficzne UW) Order No. 1312/2015 Contents Editor’s preface ...............................................................7 ARTICLES Iijima Teruhito, 日本の伝統芸術―茶の美とその心 .............................11 English Summary of the Article Agnieszka Kozyra, The Oneness of Zen and the Way of Tea in the Zen Tea Record (Zencharoku) .............................................21
    [Show full text]
  • Rising the Enemy. Stalin, Truman and Surrender of Japan. T. Hasegawa .Pdf
    RACING THE ENEMY RACING THE ENEMY stalin, truman, and the surrender of japan tsuyoshi hasegawa the belknap press of harvard university press Cambridge, Massachusetts • London, England 2005 Copyright © 2005 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi, 1941– Racing the enemy : Stalin, Truman, and the surrender of Japan / Tsuyoshi Hasegawa. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-674-01693-9 (alk. paper) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Armistices. 2. World War, 1939–1945—Japan. 3. World War, 1939–1945—Soviet Union. 4. World War, 1939–1945— United States. 5. World politics—1933–1945. I. Title. D813.J3H37 2005 940.53′2452—dc22 2004059786 In memory of Boris Nikolaevich Slavinsky, my friend and colleague, who did not see the fruit of our collaboration Contents Maps viii Note on Transliteration and Spelling ix Introduction: Race to the Finish 1 1. Triangular Relations and the Pacific War 7 2. Stalin, Truman, and Hirohito Face New Challenges 45 3. Decisions for War and Peace 89 4. Potsdam: The Turning Point 130 5. The Atomic Bombs and Soviet Entry into the War 177 6. Japan Accepts Unconditional Surrender 215 7. August Storm: The Soviet-Japanese War and the United States 252 Conclusion: Assessing the Roads Not Taken 290 Abbreviations 307 Notes 309 Acknowledgments 363 Index 367 Illustrations follow pages 132 and 204 Maps 1 Japan at War, 1945 9 2 August Storm 196 3 Central Tokyo 246 4 Soviets’ Kuril Operation 257 5 Battle of Shimushu 261 Note on Transliteration and Spelling For Russian words, I have used the Library of Congress translitera- tion system except for well-known terms such as Yalta and Mikoyan when they appear in the text; in the citations, I retain Ialtinskaia konferentsiia and Mikoian.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysing Representations of the Comfort Women Issue : Gender, Race
    B, t1 .tB Y Analysing Representations of the Comfort Women lssue Gender, Race, Nation and Subiectivities by Aiko Yoshioka A Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Women's Studies, Department of Social lnquiry, The University of Adelaide. November, 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECTARATION I ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii PREFACE iii MAP V INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1 THEORY AND METHODOLOGY IN HISTORICAL RESEARCH OI. THE COMFORT WOMEN ISSUE 13 Errrplnrclsr Htsronv 13 JanaNnsn Wot"t¡N's Hnronv KOREAN WOTVT¡N'S HTSTORY.. 30 Onar Hmronv 35 CoNcrusoN ........... 40 CHAPTER 2 GENDER, RACE, NATION AND SUBJECTIVITIES: PERSONAL NARRATIVES OF EX-COMFORT WOMEN AND EX-JAPANESE SOLDIERS 42 P¡xsoNar NannRrw¡s op FonnIcN CotutpoRT WoMEN 43 P¡nsoNRr Nnnnarwes oF JApAN¡s¡ Cot',tFoRT WovraN 55 P¡nsoNar Nanr,arw¡s or JnTaNESE SoLDiERS 63 CoNcrusroN 74 CONCLUSION ... 76 BIBLIOGRAPHY BO Declaration This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or tertiary institution and , to the best of my knowledge and belief contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being available for loan and photocopying. Aiko Yoshioka i Acknowledgement First of all I would like to thank my supervisor Ms. Barbara Baird for her patience, constant Support and critical ideas for my paper. I am very lucky that I could have her considerate guidance throughout this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Briefing First Issue International Criminal Law Center Fudan University 12:00 March 5, 2014
    Inauguration of Fudan International Criminal Law Center (ICLC Fudan) & Symposium on Old Evidence Collection and War Crime Trials in Asia Briefing First Issue International Criminal Law Center Fudan University 12:00 March 5, 2014 Table of Contents I. Inauguration of Fudan International Criminal Law Center (ICLC Fudan) & Symposium on Old Evidence Collection and War Crime Trials in Asia Officially Held an Opening Ceremony. II. Judge Theodor Meron - the President of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and Presiding Judge of Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals Delivered a Theme Speech III. Judge Hans-Peter Kaul at the International Criminal Court Delivered a Theme Speech I. Inauguration of Fudan International Criminal Law Center (ICLC Fudan) & Symposium on Old Evidence Collection and War Crime Trials in Asia Officially Held an Opening Ceremony On the morning of 5th March, 2014, The Inauguration of Fudan International Criminal Law Center (ICLC FDU) & Symposium on "Old Evidence Collection and War Crime Trials in Asia" was held at Guanghua Building in Fudan University. Dozens of international criminal law experts and scholars around world were invited to attend the meeting. Students from FDU law school major in criminal law and international criminal law also attended the meeting. Professor Sun Xiaoxia - Dean of Fudan University law school made a warm welcoming. Professor Hu Huazhong of Fudan University law school read the Fudan International Criminal Law Center's establishment approval, and announced that the center was officially established. Professor Chen Haoran from Fudan University law school, director of Fudan International Criminal Law Center and Liu Daqun - honorary director of Fudan International Criminal Law Center also a judge of the 1 United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia delivered a speech respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1. Why Manchuria? Why Harbin?
    Choosing “Hell” Family Migrants from Shandong and Manchukuo’s Food Rationing System in Harbin, 1942-1944 by Jifeng Li B.A., Simon Fraser University, 2018 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History Faculty of Arts and Science © Jifeng Li 2020 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Spring 2020 Copyright in this work rests with the author. Please ensure that any reproduction or re-use is done in accordance with the relevant national copyright legislation. Approval Name: Jifeng Li Degree: Master of Arts Title: Choosing “Hell”: Family Migrants from Shandong and Manchukuo’s Food Rationing System in Harbin, 1942-1944 Examining Committee: Chair: Sarah Walshaw Senior Lecturer Jeremy Brown Senior Supervisor Associate Professor Timothy Cheek Supervisor Professor Janice Matsumura Supervisor Associate Professor Diana Lary External Examiner Professor Emerita Department of History The University of British Columbia Date Defended/Approved: April 17, 2020 ii Ethics Statement iii Abstract This study examines the relationship between migrations from Shandong between 1942 and 1944 and Manchukuo’s food rationing system and the impact of rationing on the everyday life of migrants after their settlement in Harbin, the regional centre of North Manchukuo. Although Manchukuo’s food rationing policies discriminated against Chinese residents by providing them with inferior grains in insufficient quantities, they were nonetheless an impetus rather than an obstacle to migration from Shandong, especially to those who had family and relatives living in Manchukuo. After settling in Harbin, migrants still faced issues related to food because the Manchukuo government revised its food policies and reduced quotas.
    [Show full text]
  • Shandong Province and Chinese Communist Military and Financial Strength
    A Springboard to Victory: Shandong Province and Chinese Communist Military and Financial Strength 1937-1945 by Sherman Xiaogang Lai A thesis submitted to the Department of History in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada September, 2008 Copyright © Sherman Xiaogang Lai, 2008 ABSTRACT A Springboard to Victory: Shandong Province and Chinese Communist Military and Financial Strength, 1937-1945 Sherman Xiaogang Lai Thesis Supervisor: Professor Emily M Hill During the Sino-Japanese war of 1937 to 1945, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shandong Province in North China achieved an unnoticed but historically significant success in financial affairs. From that time onward, the CCP in Shandong not only controlled economic affairs within its territory, but also obtained access to territories under enemy occupation through manipulation of currency exchange rates and by controlling the trade in staple grains, cotton, salt and peanut oil. As a result, trade with occupied China and with the Japanese invaders became the principal source of revenue of the CCP in Shandong as early as the second half of 1943. By the time of Japan’s defeat in August 1945, about 80% of the CCP’s revenue in Shandong came from trade beyond the areas under its control. Moreover, the CCP in Shandong deliberately carried out a policy of controlled inflation to increase its financial power. The key to this achievement was the CCP’s success in establishing exclusive zones for its banknotes in August 1943. The exclusive use of CCP currency developed in the course of many years of armed conflict among Japanese, CCP and Nationalist (GMD) forces in the province.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Sino-Japanese War from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Second Sino-Japanese War From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Second Sino-Japanese War (July 7, 1937 – September 9, 1945), so Second Sino-Japanese War named due to the First Sino- Part of the Pacific Theater of World War Japanese War of 1894–95, was a II[b] military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from 1937 to 1941. China fought Japan, with some economic help from Germany (see Sino-German cooperation until 1941), the Soviet Union and the United States. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the war would merge into The bodies of victims massacred in the the greater conflict of World War II Rape of Nanking on the shore of the as a major front of what is broadly Qinhuai River, with a Japanese soldier known as the Pacific War. The standing nearby. Second Sino-Japanese War was the largest Asian war in the 20th Date July 7, 1937 – September 9, century.[10] It also made up more 1945 than 90% of the casualties in the Minor fighting since September Pacific War. (see World War II 18, 1931 casualties) (8 years, 2 months and 2 days) The war was the result of a decades-long Japanese imperialist Location Mainland China and Burma policy aimed at expanding its Result influence politically and militarily Chinese victory as part in order to secure access to raw of the Allied victory in material reserves and other the Pacific War economic resources in the area, Surrender of all particularly food and labour, and Japanese forces in engage war with others in the mainland China policy context of aggressive (excluding Manchuria), modernized militarism in the Asia- Formosa, the Spratly Pacific, at the height of Imperial Rule Assistance Association's Islands, the Paracel Hideki Tojo cabinet and with the Islands, and French order from Emperor Shōwa.
    [Show full text]
  • History of China and Japan from 1900To 1976 A.D 18Bhi63c (Unit Iii) V.Vijayakumar 9025570709 Iii B a History
    HISTORY OF CHINA AND JAPAN FROM 1900TO 1976 A.D 18BHI63C (UNIT III) V.VIJAYAKUMAR 9025570709 III B A HISTORY - VI SEMESTER Washington Conference The Washington Conference was a disarmament conference called by the United States and held in Washington, DC from November 12, 1921 to February 6, 1922. It was conducted outside the auspices of the League of Nations. It was attended by nine nations (the United States, Japan, China, France, Britain, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Portugal)[1][2] regarding interests in the Pacific Ocean and East Asia. Germany was not invited to the conference, as it had already been disarmed under the terms of the Versailles Treaty. Soviet Russia was also not invited to the conference. It was the first arms control conference in history, and is still studied by political scientists as a model for a successful disarmament movement. Held at Memorial Continental Hall, in Downtown Washington,[3] it resulted in three major treaties: Four-Power Treaty, Five-Power Treaty (more commonly known as the Washington Naval Treaty), the Nine-Power Treaty, and a number of smaller agreements. These treaties preserved the peace during the 1920s but were not renewed in the increasingly hostile world of the Great Depression. The world's popular mood was peace and disarmament throughout the 1920s. Women had just won the right to vote in many countries, and they helped convince politicians that money could be saved, votes won, and future wars avoided by stopping the arms race.[4] Across the world, leaders of the women's suffrage movement formed international organizations such as the International Council of Women and the International Woman Suffrage Alliance.
    [Show full text]
  • Analecta Nipponica
    Content | 目次 4/2014 r Editor’s Preface 4/2014 ARTICLES Analecta Nipponica r BEATA KUBIAK HO-CHI JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATION FOR JAPANESE STUDIES Dialog with a Ghost: Modern Nō Plays by Mishima Yukio on the Stages of the Polish Theatre r STEVEN TRENSON Cutting Serpents: Esoteric Buddhist Dimensions of the Classical Martial Art of Drawing the Sword r JOANNA KATARZYNA KRAWCZYK Setsuwa as a Unique Genre of Japanese Literature in Connection to Tachibana Narisue’s Kokonchomonjū r ANNA DINIEJKO ANALECTA NIPPONICA ANALECTA The Emergence of the New Woman in Korea under the Japanese Rule r MARCIN TATARCZUK 京都の「魔界観光」一条戻橋の歴史とイメージの変遷をめぐって INTERVIEWS r 松浦寿輝氏インタビュー 2013年6月4日 ワルシャワ大学中央図書館 懐庵にて 聞き手：ミコワイ・メラノヴィッチ、藤井カルポルク陽子 r 枡野俊明氏先生インタビュー 2014年5月14日 ワルシャワ大学中央図書館 懐庵にて 聞き手：アグニェシカ・コズィラ、 藤井カルポルク陽子 REPRINTED WORKS OF POLISH JAPANOLOGISTS r EWA PAŁASZ-RUTKOWSKA General Masaki Jinzaburō and the Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha) in the Japanese Army 1932–1936 – Part One r Notes About the Authors r List of Reviewers r Information for Authors ISSN 2084-2147 okl_Analecta_Nipponica_4_2014.indd 1 2015-05-19 19:22:24 Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATION FOR JAPANESE STUDIES 4/2014 Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATION FOR JAPANESE STUDIES Analecta Nipponica JOURNAL OF POLISH ASSOCIATION FOR JAPANESE STUDIES Editor-in-Chief Alfred F. Majewicz Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Copernicus University in Toruń Editorial Board Agnieszka Kozyra University of Warsaw, Jagiellonian University in Kraków Iwona Kordzińska-Nawrocka University of Warsaw Editing in English Aaron Bryson Editing in Japanese Fujii Yoko-Karpoluk Editorial Advisory Board Moriyuki Itō Gakushūin University in Tokyo Mikołaj Melanowicz University of Warsaw Sadami Suzuki International Research Center for Japanese Studies in Kyoto Hideo Watanabe Shinshū University in Matsumoto Estera Żeromska Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań The publication was financed by Takashima Foundation Copyright© 2012 by Polish Association for Japanese Studies and Contributing Authors.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Ruins of the Japanese Empire
    In the Ruins of the Japanese Empire Imperial Violence, State Destruction, and the Reordering of Modern East Asia Edited by Barak Kushner and Andrew Levidis Hong Kong University Press The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong https://hkupress.hku.hk © 2020 Hong Kong University Press ISBN 978-988-8528-28-8 (Hardback) All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Cover image: Box 15. Image of American propaganda from Psychological Warfare Branch, Kunming, China, Book B, 1944–1945, No. 89, US Army Manila, Karl G. Yoneda Papers (Collection 1592). Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, UCLA (USA). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound by Paramount Printing Co., Ltd. in Hong Kong, China Contents Introduction: The Search for Meaning in Defeat and Victory 1 Barak Kushner Section 1: Collaboration and Dilemmas of Deimperialization 1. The Politics of Collaboration in Post-liberation Southern Korea 27 Mark E. Caprio 2. Punishing Han Traitors beyond Chinese Borders 50 Yun Xia 3. Colonial Legacies, War Memories, and Political Violence in Taiwan, 1945–1947 76 Victor Louzon 4. Bullets of a Defeated Nation: The 1946 Shibuya Incident 98 Adam Cathcart Section 2: Negotiating Past and Present in the Military and Political Realms 5. The Repatriation of Surrendered Japanese Troops, 1945–1947 121 Rotem Kowner 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Plawem Sian Divisions
    WE PUBLISH LOCAL LEADING JAPANESE AND WORLD’S DAILY ON LATEST HAPPENINGS ISLAND OF HAWAII VOL. XXXIII HILO, H A W A II, T. H., M O N D AY, JUNE 30,1941 NO. 8986 Roosevelt Calls They're Dousrhnut Dunkirk T 4 Tokyo W ar Council For Maximum Draft Holds Conference H YD E P A R K , June 29— Presi­ ; TO KYO , June 30— A rm y mem- dent Roosevelt, by executive ord­ 1 bers of the Supreme War Council h k t o er, authorized the mustering of ! held a conference at 1:30 P. M. to- IS ! day at the War Minister’s offiical 900,000 new conscripts in the U- nited States army for the year be­ ! residence. They were understood ginning July 1st to replace draft­ to have discussed the internation­ BE TURNED IN ees whose year’s service and train­ al situation. ing expires. The meeting was attended by AIR OF CONFIDENCE IS The president for the first time I Field Marshall Prince Kotohito SEEN IN RUSSIAN has invoked the full manpower au- ' Kanin, form er member and also Four Thousand Planes, Twenty-Two Hundred CAPITAL thorized by the Selective Service i former Chief of the Army General Act when he called for 900,000 i Staff, General Prince Naruhiko Tanks Reported Taken By Fast Moving: By TOYOO KUGA men. Last year, President Roose­ Higashikuni, General Prince Yasu- MOSCOW, June 30— In the first Nazi Army Machine velt authorized 800,000 draftees, hiko Asaka, General Hisaichi Te- emergeny measure of its kind sin­ but only 6550,000 were actually in­ rauchi, General Kenji Doihara and i ce the war started a week ago, the ducted.
    [Show full text]
  • Download The
    The Japan Society Review 61 Book, Stage, Film, Arts and Events Review Issue 61 Volume 11 Number 1 (February 2016) Japan and the Shackles of the Past R. Taggart Murphy’s overarching history of Japan Japanese War Crimes and Chinese Justice Barak Kushner on a Cold War dynamic that continues to colour East Asian relations Pinball Wizard Murakami’s debut novels make their British debut The Book of Tokyo The world’s largest city in fiction Throughout 2015 many people took part in events the coutry’s current economic, political and social marking the 70th anniversary of World War II. situation he goes back as far as the Heian era (794-1185). Unsurprisingly, in the UK the focus was on the war in Here, Richard Coxford suggests that readers may be left Europe, but it is important to remember that the war in frustrated by Murphy’s reliance on generalisations and a the Pacific took place on a greater geographical scale, narrow range of American literature. accounted for around fifty percent of the overall deaths The Book of Tokyo: A City in Short Fiction was and casualities, and continues to play a major role in released back in 2014, but has been growing steadily in regional and international relations. Coinciding with the exposure and popularity in the UK. In her review Annabelle anniversary, Barak Kushner – a world expert on the legacy Sami looks at whether it lives up to its hype. Finally, we of the Asia Pacific War – published Men to Devils, Devils review works by two giants of Japanese literature.
    [Show full text]