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Scleractinian Reef Corals: Identification Notes
SCLERACTINIAN REEF CORALS: IDENTIFICATION NOTES By JACKIE WOLSTENHOLME James Cook University AUGUST 2004 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24656.51205 http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24656.51205 Scleractinian Reef Corals: Identification Notes by Jackie Wolstenholme is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ i INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 1 ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 2 FAMILY ACROPORIDAE.................................................................................................................................... 3 Montipora ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 Massive/thick plates/encrusting & tuberculae/papillae ................................................................................... 3 Montipora monasteriata .............................................................................................................................. 3 Massive/thick plates/encrusting & papillae ................................................................................................... -
Proposed Listing Determinations for 82 Reef-Building Coral Species
Billing Code 3510-22-P DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 50 CFR Parts 223 and 224 [Docket No. 0911231415-2625-02] 0648-XT12 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants: Proposed Listing Determinations for 82 Reef- building Coral Species; Proposed Reclassification of Acropora palmata and Acropora cervicornis from Threatened to Endangered. AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments. SUMMARY: We, NMFS, have completed comprehensive status reviews under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 82 reef-building coral species in response to a petition submitted by the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) to list the species as either threatened or endangered. We have determined, based on the best scientific and commercial data available and efforts being made to protect the species, that 12 of the petitioned coral species warrant listing as endangered (five Caribbean and seven Indo-Pacific), 54 coral species warrant listing as threatened (two Caribbean and 52 Indo-Pacific), and 16 coral species (all Indo-Pacific) do not warrant listing as threatened or endangered under the ESA. Additionally, we have determined, based on the best scientific and commercial information available and efforts undertaken to protect the species, two Caribbean coral species currently listed warrant reclassification from threatened to 1 endangered. We are announcing that 18 public hearings will be held during the public comment period to provide additional opportunities and formats to receive public input. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for public hearing dates, times, and locations. DATES: Comments on this proposal must be received by [INSERT DATE 90 DAYS AFTER DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. -
Final Corals Supplemental Information Report
Supplemental Information Report on Status Review Report And Draft Management Report For 82 Coral Candidate Species November 2012 Southeast and Pacific Islands Regional Offices National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Department of Commerce Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Background ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Methods .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 MISCELLANEOUS COMMENTS RECEIVED ...................................................................................................... 3 SRR EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2. General Background on Corals and Coral Reefs .................................................................................... 4 2.1 Taxonomy & Distribution ............................................................................................................. -
Scleractinia Fauna of Taiwan I
Scleractinia Fauna of Taiwan I. The Complex Group 台灣石珊瑚誌 I. 複雜類群 Chang-feng Dai and Sharon Horng Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University Published by National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan Table of Contents Scleractinia Fauna of Taiwan ................................................................................................1 General Introduction ........................................................................................................1 Historical Review .............................................................................................................1 Basics for Coral Taxonomy ..............................................................................................4 Taxonomic Framework and Phylogeny ........................................................................... 9 Family Acroporidae ............................................................................................................ 15 Montipora ...................................................................................................................... 17 Acropora ........................................................................................................................ 47 Anacropora .................................................................................................................... 95 Isopora ...........................................................................................................................96 Astreopora ......................................................................................................................99 -
FDM 2017 Coral Species Reef Survey
Submitted in support of the U.S. Navy’s 2018 Annual Marine Species Monitoring Report for the Pacific Final ® FARALLON DE MEDINILLA 2017 SPECIES LEVEL CORAL REEF SURVEY REPORT Dr. Jessica Carilli, SSC Pacific Mr. Stephen H. Smith, SSC Pacific Mr. Donald E. Marx Jr., SSC Pacific Dr. Leslie Bolick, SSC Pacific Dr. Douglas Fenner, NOAA August 2018 Prepared for U.S. Navy Pacific Fleet Commander Pacific Fleet 250 Makalapa Drive Joint Base Pearl Harbor Hickam Hawaii 96860-3134 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific Technical Report number 18-1079 Distribution Statement A: Unlimited Distribution 1 Submitted in support of the U.S. Navy’s 2018 Annual Marine Species Monitoring Report for the Pacific REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Service, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington, DC 20503. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 08-2018 Monitoring report September 2017 - October 2017 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER FARALLON DE MEDINILLA 2017 SPECIES LEVEL CORAL REEF SURVEY REPORT 5b. -
Scleractinian Corals of the Montebello Islands
Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement No. 59: 15-19 (2000). SCLERACTINIAN CORALS OF THE MONTEBELLO ISLANDS L.M. Marsh Western Australian Museum, Frands Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia Summary Montebellos and a further nine from previous The present report lists the first extensive collection records, giving a total of 150 species identified of corals from the Montebello Islands; it is likely that (Table 4). Several species of Montipora, Acropora, many species remain to be found. A total of 141 Favia and Favites remain unidentified and the coral species of 54 genera are recorded from the present fauna is probably still far from completely known, survey and a further 9 species are added from perhaps another 20-30% remains to be discovered. previous records. The coral fauna includes a suite of Seven species of ahermatypic (non zooxanthellate) five genera characteristic of turbid inshore waters but corals were also collected. most of the corals are characteristic of moderately It is probable that many more species will be clear water conditions. The coral fauna overall is found at the Montebellos when the reefs are more most similar to that of the Dampier Archipelago. completely surveyed as many uncommon species may not have been encountered. The species richness of Acropora and Montipora is likely to be Introduction under-recorded because of their great diversity, The first published record of a coral from the polymorphism and taxonomic difficulty. Montebello Islands is by Totton (1952) who figured A suite of species characteristic of upper reef a specimen of Moseleya latistellata collected by Mr fronts exposed to strong wave action (Pocillopora T.H. -
Conservation of Reef Corals in the South China Sea Based on Species and Evolutionary Diversity
Biodivers Conserv DOI 10.1007/s10531-016-1052-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Conservation of reef corals in the South China Sea based on species and evolutionary diversity 1 2 3 Danwei Huang • Bert W. Hoeksema • Yang Amri Affendi • 4 5,6 7,8 Put O. Ang • Chaolun A. Chen • Hui Huang • 9 10 David J. W. Lane • Wilfredo Y. Licuanan • 11 12 13 Ouk Vibol • Si Tuan Vo • Thamasak Yeemin • Loke Ming Chou1 Received: 7 August 2015 / Revised: 18 January 2016 / Accepted: 21 January 2016 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016 Abstract The South China Sea in the Central Indo-Pacific is a large semi-enclosed marine region that supports an extraordinary diversity of coral reef organisms (including stony corals), which varies spatially across the region. While one-third of the world’s reef corals are known to face heightened extinction risk from global climate and local impacts, prospects for the coral fauna in the South China Sea region amidst these threats remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyse coral species richness, rarity, and phylogenetic Communicated by Dirk Sven Schmeller. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10531-016-1052-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Danwei Huang [email protected] 1 Department of Biological Sciences and Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore 2 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 3 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of -
Center for Biological Diversity-2009-TN1518-Ctr Bio
BEFORE THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE PETITION TO LIST 83 CORAL SPECIES UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT Blue rice coral photo © Keoki Stender Submitted October 20, 2009 NOTICE OF PETITION Gary Locke Secretary of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Room 5516 Washington, D.C. 20230 E-mail: [email protected] James Balsiger, Acting Director NOAA Fisheries National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 1315 East-West Highway Silver Springs, MD 20910 E-mail: [email protected] PETITIONER The Center for Biological Diversity 351 California Street, Suite 600 San Francisco, CA 94104 ph: (415) 436-9682 fax: (415) 436-9683 Date: October 20, 2009 Miyoko Sakashita Shaye Wolf Center for Biological Diversity Pursuant to Section 4(b) of the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”), 16 U.S.C. §1533(b), Section 553(3) of the Administrative Procedures Act, 5 U.S.C. § 553(e), and 50 C.F.R. §424.14(a), the Center for Biological Diversity (“Petitioner”) hereby petitions the Secretary of Commerce and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”), through the National Marine Fisheries Service (“NMFS” or “NOAA Fisheries”), to list 83 coral species and to designate critical habitat to ensure their survival and recovery. The Center for Biological Diversity (“Center”) is a non-profit, public interest environmental organization dedicated to the protection of native species and their habitats through science, policy, and environmental law. The Center has over 43,000 members throughout the United States and internationally. The Center and its members are concerned with the conservation of endangered species, including coral species, and the effective implementation of the ESA. -
Appendix 5 – Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) Proximity Report (Part 5 of 9)
Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 53037-001 April 2021 Regional: AC Energy Green Bond Project (Subproject: GIGASOL3 Solar Farm Project) Appendix 5 – Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) Proximity Report (Part 5 of 9) Prepared by GIGASOL3, Inc. for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Appendix 5 INTEGRATED BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT TOOL (IBAT) PROXIMITY REPORT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT GIGASOL3 SOLAR FARM PROJECT MUNICIPALITY OF PALAUIG, ZAMBALES GIGASOL3, INC. Proximity Report PALAUIG PROJECT SITE Country: Philippines Location: [ 15.4, 120 ] Date of analysis: 13 March 2020 Size of site: 1 km2 Buffers applied: 1.0 km | 3.0 km | 5.0 km Generated by: Joshua Baquiran Company/Subscriber: AC Energy Inc. Overlaps with: Protected Areas 1 Key Biodiversity Areas 0 IUCN Red List 277 3km © Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Displaying project location and buffers: 1.0 km, 3.0 km, 5.0 km Palauig Project Site | Page 1 of 20 About this report This report presents the results of [2455-7595] proximity analysis to identify the biodiversity features and species which are located within the following buffers: 1.0 km, 3.0 km, 5.0 km. -
Scleractinian Corals and Reefs of Vietnam As a Part of the Pacific Reef Ecosystem
Open Journal of Marine Science, 2011, 1, 50-68 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojms.2011.12006 Published Online July 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ojms) Scleractinian Corals and Reefs of Vietnam as a Part of the Pacific Reef Ecosystem Yuri Ya Latypov A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia E-mail: [email protected] Received May 12, 2011; revised June 1, 2011; accepted June 10, 2011 Abstract The paper analyzes both published and unpublished results of the investigations of Vietnamese reef building corals and reefs performed in the last decades of the twentieth century and first decades twenty-first. The state of the art in the study of reef-building scleractinian corals and reefs is presented. The scleractinian fauna of Vietnam is shown to match in species diversity (350 species of 80 genera) the tropical coral fauna of the Indonesian–Malacca fertile center, from which Indo-Pacific reef-building corals originated. The whole Vietnam coast from the Gulf of Tonkin to the Gulf of Siam is a biogeographically single whole and is a part of the Indo-Polynesian Province of the Indo-Pacific Area. Keywords: Vietnam, Reefs, Reef-Building Corals, Pacific Reef Ecosystem 1. Introduction till September, and the dry northeast, occurring in Octo- ber-April. Heavy rain showers during the wet monsoon 1.1. Brief the Ecological Characteristic and a period result in a huge (5 - 400 million m3) freshwater History of Studying influx and a substantial (up to 200 thous. tons) terri- genous sediment influx into the sea. -
Evolution and Ecology of Coral Range Dynamics Under Climate Change Sun Wook Kim M.Sc., B.Sc
Evolution and ecology of coral range dynamics under climate change Sun Wook Kim M.Sc., B.Sc. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2019 School of Biological Sciences Abstract The geographic distribution of a species represents its ecological niche and spatial variability in fitness. A species’ fitness peaks where the environment and biotic interactions provide optimal conditions for a given combination of traits and ebbs as the conditions become less suitable. As such, spatial differences in trait expression provide a framework on which species range dynamics can be evaluated. Over time, the boundaries of species ranges can undergo expansions, contractions, and shifts. The labile nature of species ranges has been attributed to the spatial tracking and/or changes in the extent of niche space. The ability of a species to track and/or modify its niche is strongly determined by the degree and rate of climate change. While some species may track their environmental niches, many others are likely to suffer local/regional extirpations since their ability to track or modify species characteristics to changing conditions lags behind the rates of climate change. At present, even the most rudimentary information on spatial variations in species traits and fitness is lacking for many taxon groups. In addition, current research is heavily focused on species range cores, with range dynamics under climate change in peripheral regions remaining underexplored. In this thesis, I focus on scleractinian corals as study organisms. Scleractinian corals form a pivotal taxon group that sustains reef ecosystem diversity, show historical and contemporary shifts in species ranges, and are under substantial threat from changing climatic conditions. -
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 553 Zooxanthellate
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 553 ZOOXanthellate SCLERACTINIAN CORALS OF THE northern COAST OF SULAWESI BY PATRICK SCAPS, VIANNEY DENIS, SIEGFRIED BERHIMPON AND FRANKY RUNTUKAHU ISSUED BY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D.C. U.S.A. DECEMBER 2007 Figure 1. A map of northeast Sulawesi showing sampling locations. For details see Table 1. ZOOXanthellate SCLERACTINIAN CORALS OF THE northern COAST OF SULAWESI BY PATRICK SCAPS,1 VIANNEY DENIS,1 SIEGFRIED BERHIMPON,2 AND FRANKY RUNTUKAHU2 ABSTRACT The coral reefs of the Pulisan region, located at the northeast of the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia, were studied in order to acquire information concerning their richness in zooxanthellate scleractinian corals. Twenty-one sites were thus prospected covering a total surface of 74 km². In total, 376 species belonging to 65 genera and 14 families were observed during this study with an average-per-survey site of 109 species. Acropora, Montipora and Porites were the genera with the most species on Pulisan region reefs with 64, 24 and 23 species, respectively. Various estimates of the number of species suggest more than 400, making this area one of the most diversified in zooxanthellate scleractinian corals in the world for such a small area covered and placing it at the epicenter of the triangle of coral diversity. INTRODUCTION Stretching in an east-west direction for approximately 5,000 km and comprising an estimated 17,508 islands, Indonesia is the largest archipelagic nation in the world. Indonesian coral reefs cover the largest surface area in the world (85,707 km2), which represents about 14% of the world total (Tomascik et al., 1997) and they are situated in the geographic zone of highest biodiversity, hence their intrinsic and patrimonial interest.