Patachitra of Krishna Lila: Myth, Art and Culture
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Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-Kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal David L
Western Washington University Western CEDAR A Collection of Open Access Books and Books and Monographs Monographs 2008 Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal David L. Curley Western Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks Part of the Near Eastern Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Curley, David L., "Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal" (2008). A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs. 5. https://cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks/5 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Books and Monographs at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Table of Contents Acknowledgements. 1. A Historian’s Introduction to Reading Mangal-Kabya. 2. Kings and Commerce on an Agrarian Frontier: Kalketu’s Story in Mukunda’s Candimangal. 3. Marriage, Honor, Agency, and Trials by Ordeal: Women’s Gender Roles in Candimangal. 4. ‘Tribute Exchange’ and the Liminality of Foreign Merchants in Mukunda’s Candimangal. 5. ‘Voluntary’ Relationships and Royal Gifts of Pan in Mughal Bengal. 6. Maharaja Krsnacandra, Hinduism and Kingship in the Contact Zone of Bengal. 7. Lost Meanings and New Stories: Candimangal after British Dominance. Index. Acknowledgements This collection of essays was made possible by the wonderful, multidisciplinary education in history and literature which I received at the University of Chicago. It is a pleasure to thank my living teachers, Herman Sinaiko, Ronald B. -
The Mineral Industry of India in 2006
2006 Minerals Yearbook INDIA U.S. Department of the Interior March 2008 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF INDIA By Chin S. Kuo India is endowed with a modest variety of mineral resources, 10%. The duty on imported copper ore and concentrates also although deposits of specific resources—barite, bauxite, was reduced to 2% from 5%. The customs duty on steel melting chromite, coal, iron ore, and manganese—were among the scrap was increased to 5% from 0%, however, owing to lower 10 largest in the world. The mineral industry produced many steel prices (Platts, 2006c). industrial minerals and several metals, but a limited number The Indian Government’s Department of Atomic Energy of mineral fuels. Overall, India was a major mineral producer. announced on January 20, 2006, that “titanium ores and The country’s production of mica sheet was ranked first in concentrates (ilmenite, rutile, and leucoxene) shall remain world output; barite, second; chromite, third: iron ore, talc and prescribed substances only till such time [as] the Policy on pyrophyllite, fourth; bauxite, sixth; crude steel and manganese, Exploration of Beach Sand Minerals notified vide Resolution seventh; and aluminum, eighth (U.S. Geological Survey, 2007). Number 8/1(1)97-PSU/1422 dated the 6th of October, 1998 is adopted/revised/modified by the Ministry of Mines or till the 1st Minerals in the National Economy of January 2007, whichever occurs earlier and shall cease to be so thereafter” (WGI Heavy Minerals Inc., 2006a, p. 1). The mining and quarrying sector contributed 2% to the country’s gross domestic product in 2005, which was the Production latest year for which data were available. -
CENTERS AROUND the WORLD Founder-Acarya: His Divine Grace A
The International Society for Krishna Consciousness CENTERS AROUND THE WORLD Founder-Acarya: His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Madurai, TN — 37 Maninagaram Main Road, 625 001/ Tel. (452) 274-6472 ASIA Mangalore, Karnataka — ISKCON Sri Jagannath Mandir, near Hotel Woodlands, Bunts Hostel Rd., INDIA 575 003/ Tel. (824) 2423326 or 2442756, or 9844325616 Agartala, Tripura — Radha Govinda Temple, Matchowmohani, 799 001/ Tel. (381) 2327053 ◆ Mayapur, WB — ISKCON, Shree Mayapur Chandrodaya Mandir, Mayapur Dham, Dist. Nadia, 741313/ or 9436167045/ [email protected] Tel. (3472) 245620, 245240 or 245355/ [email protected] Ahmedabad, Gujarat — Satellite Rd., Sarkhej Gandhinagar Highway, Bopal Crossing, 380 059/ Moirang, Manipur — Nongban Enkhol, Tidim Rd./ Tel. (3879) 795133 Tel. (79) 2686-1945, -1644, or -2350/ [email protected] ◆ Mumbai, Maharashtra — Hare Krishna Land, Juhu 400 049/ Tel. (22) 26206860/ [email protected]; (Guesthouse: [email protected]) [email protected] Allahabad, UP — Hare Krishna Dham, 161 Kashi Raj Nagar, Baluaghat 211 003/ ◆ Mumbai, Maharashtra — 7 K. M. Munshi Marg, Chowpatty 400 007/ Tel. (22) 23665500/ [email protected] Tel. (532) 2416718/ [email protected] Mumbai, Maharashtra — Bhaktivedanta Swami Marg, Hare Krishna Dham, Shristi, Sector 1, Near Royal College, Amravati, Maharashtra — Saraswati Colony, Rathi Nagar 444 603/ Tel. (721) 2666849 Mira Rd. (East), Thane 401 107/ Tel. (22) 28453562 or 9223183023/ [email protected] or 9421805105/ [email protected] Mysore, Karnataka — #31, 18th Cross, Jayanagar, 570 014/ Tel. (821) 2500582 or 6567333/ [email protected] Amritsar, Punjab — Chowk Moni Bazar, Laxmansar, 143 001/ Tel. (183) 2540177 Nagpur, Maharashtra — Bharatwada Road, Near Golmohar Nagar, Ramanuja Nagar, Kalamana Market, Aravade, Maharashtra — Hare Krishna Gram, Tal. -
Raja Ravi Varma 145
viii PREFACE Preface i When Was Modernism ii PREFACE Preface iii When Was Modernism Essays on Contemporary Cultural Practice in India Geeta Kapur iv PREFACE Published by Tulika 35 A/1 (third floor), Shahpur Jat, New Delhi 110 049, India © Geeta Kapur First published in India (hardback) 2000 First reprint (paperback) 2001 Second reprint 2007 ISBN: 81-89487-24-8 Designed by Alpana Khare, typeset in Sabon and Univers Condensed at Tulika Print Communication Services, processed at Cirrus Repro, and printed at Pauls Press Preface v For Vivan vi PREFACE Preface vii Contents Preface ix Artists and ArtWork 1 Body as Gesture: Women Artists at Work 3 Elegy for an Unclaimed Beloved: Nasreen Mohamedi 1937–1990 61 Mid-Century Ironies: K.G. Subramanyan 87 Representational Dilemmas of a Nineteenth-Century Painter: Raja Ravi Varma 145 Film/Narratives 179 Articulating the Self in History: Ghatak’s Jukti Takko ar Gappo 181 Sovereign Subject: Ray’s Apu 201 Revelation and Doubt in Sant Tukaram and Devi 233 Frames of Reference 265 Detours from the Contemporary 267 National/Modern: Preliminaries 283 When Was Modernism in Indian Art? 297 New Internationalism 325 Globalization: Navigating the Void 339 Dismantled Norms: Apropos an Indian/Asian Avantgarde 365 List of Illustrations 415 Index 430 viii PREFACE Preface ix Preface The core of this book of essays was formed while I held a fellowship at the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library at Teen Murti, New Delhi. The project for the fellowship began with a set of essays on Indian cinema that marked a depar- ture in my own interpretative work on contemporary art. -
Brahma Sutra
BRAHMA SUTRA CHAPTER 1 1st Pada 1st Adikaranam to 11th Adhikaranam Sutra 1 to 31 INDEX S. No. Topic Pages Topic No Sutra No Summary 5 Introduction of Brahma Sutra 6 1 Jijnasa adhikaranam 1 a) Sutra 1 103 1 1 2 Janmady adhikaranam 2 a) Sutra 2 132 2 2 3 Sastrayonitv adhikaranam 3 a) Sutra 3 133 3 3 4 Samanvay adhikaranam 4 a) Sutra 4 204 4 4 5 Ikshatyadyadhikaranam: (Sutras 5-11) 5 a) Sutra 5 324 5 5 b) Sutra 6 353 5 6 c) Sutra 7 357 5 7 d) Sutra 8 362 5 8 e) Sutra 9 369 5 9 f) Sutra 10 372 5 10 g) Sutra 11 376 5 11 2 S. No. Topic Pages Topic No Sutra No 6 Anandamayadhikaranam: (Sutras 12-19) 6 a) Sutra 12 382 6 12 b) Sutra 13 394 6 13 c) Sutra 14 397 6 14 d) Sutra 15 407 6 15 e) Sutra 16 411 6 16 f) Sutra 17 414 6 17 g) Sutra 18 416 6 18 h) Sutra 19 425 6 19 7 Antaradhikaranam: (Sutras 20-21) 7 a) Sutra 20 436 7 20 b) Sutra 21 448 7 21 8 Akasadhikaranam : 8 a) Sutra 22 460 8 22 9 Pranadhikaranam : 9 a) Sutra 23 472 9 23 3 S. No. Topic Pages Topic No Sutra No 10 Jyotischaranadhikaranam : (Sutras 24-27) 10 a) Sutra 24 486 10 24 b) Sutra 25 508 10 25 c) Sutra 26 513 10 26 d) Sutra 27 517 10 27 11 Pratardanadhikaranam: (Sutras 28-31) 11 a) Sutra 28 526 11 28 b) Sutra 29 538 11 29 c) Sutra 30 546 11 30 d) Sutra 31 558 11 31 4 SUMMARY Brahma Sutra Bhasyam Topics - 191 Chapter – 1 Chapter – 2 Chapter – 3 Chapter – 4 Samanvaya – Avirodha – non – Sadhana – spiritual reconciliation through Phala – result contradiction practice proper interpretation Topics - 39 Topics - 47 Topics - 67 Topics 38 Sections Topics Sections Topics Sections Topics Sections Topics 1 11 1 13 1 06 1 14 2 07 2 08 2 08 2 11 3 13 3 17 3 36 3 06 4 08 4 09 4 17 4 07 5 Lecture – 01 Puja: • Gratitude to lord for completion of Upanishad course (last Chandogya Upanishad + Brihadaranyaka Upanishad). -
Development of Iconic Tourism Sites in India
Braj Development Plan for Braj Region of Uttar Pradesh - Inception Report (May 2019) INCEPTION REPORT May 2019 PREPARATION OF BRAJ DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR BRAJ REGION UTTAR PRADESH Prepared for: Uttar Pradesh Braj Tirth Vikas Parishad, Uttar Pradesh Prepared By: Design Associates Inc. EcoUrbs Consultants PVT. LTD Design Associates Inc.| Ecourbs Consultants| Page | 1 Braj Development Plan for Braj Region of Uttar Pradesh - Inception Report (May 2019) DISCLAIMER This document has been prepared by Design Associates Inc. and Ecourbs Consultants for the internal consumption and use of Uttar Pradesh Braj Teerth Vikas Parishad and related government bodies and for discussion with internal and external audiences. This document has been prepared based on public domain sources, secondary & primary research, stakeholder interactions and internal database of the Consultants. It is, however, to be noted that this report has been prepared by Consultants in best faith, with assumptions and estimates considered to be appropriate and reasonable but cannot be guaranteed. There might be inadvertent omissions/errors/aberrations owing to situations and conditions out of the control of the Consultants. Further, the report has been prepared on a best-effort basis, based on inputs considered appropriate as of the mentioned date of the report. Consultants do not take any responsibility for the correctness of the data, analysis & recommendations made in the report. Neither this document nor any of its contents can be used for any purpose other than stated above, without the prior written consent from Uttar Pradesh Braj Teerth Vikas Parishadand the Consultants. Design Associates Inc.| Ecourbs Consultants| Page | 2 Braj Development Plan for Braj Region of Uttar Pradesh - Inception Report (May 2019) TABLE OF CONTENTS DISCLAIMER ......................................................................................................................................... -
Folklore Foundation , Lokaratna ,Volume IV 2011
FOLKLORE FOUNDATION ,LOKARATNA ,VOLUME IV 2011 VOLUME IV 2011 Lokaratna Volume IV tradition of Odisha for a wider readership. Any scholar across the globe interested to contribute on any Lokaratna is the e-journal of the aspect of folklore is welcome. This Folklore Foundation, Orissa, and volume represents the articles on Bhubaneswar. The purpose of the performing arts, gender, culture and journal is to explore the rich cultural education, religious studies. Folklore Foundation President: Sri Sukant Mishra Managing Trustee and Director: Dr M K Mishra Trustee: Sri Sapan K Prusty Trustee: Sri Durga Prasanna Layak Lokaratna is the official journal of the Folklore Foundation, located in Bhubaneswar, Orissa. Lokaratna is a peer-reviewed academic journal in Oriya and English. The objectives of the journal are: To invite writers and scholars to contribute their valuable research papers on any aspect of Odishan Folklore either in English or in Oriya. They should be based on the theory and methodology of folklore research and on empirical studies with substantial field work. To publish seminal articles written by senior scholars on Odia Folklore, making them available from the original sources. To present lives of folklorists, outlining their substantial contribution to Folklore To publish book reviews, field work reports, descriptions of research projects and announcements for seminars and workshops. To present interviews with eminent folklorists in India and abroad. Any new idea that would enrich this folklore research journal is Welcome. -
Vrindavan - Wikipedia Coordinates: 27.58°N 77.7°E
10/10/2019 Vrindavan - Wikipedia Coordinates: 27.58°N 77.7°E Vrindavan Vrindavan ( pronunciation ), also known as Brindaban,[2] is a historical city in the Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It Vrindavan KrishnaDham is one of the most sacred places in Vaishnavism[3]. It is located in the Braj Bhoomi region, and is where, according to Hinduism, City Lord Shree Krishna spent most of his childhood days. [4] The City is about 11 km away from Mathura, Krishna's birthplace on the Agra-Delhi National Highway as NH-44.[5][6] The town hosts many temples dedicated to the worship of Radha and Krishna [3] Contents Etymology Geography Demographics Religious heritage History Temples City of Widows Transportation Road Rail See also References External links Etymology Top to bottom: Krishna Balaram Mandir, Kusum The ancient Sanskrit name of the city, Vṛndāvana, comes from its Sarovar, and Prem Mandir (Love temple) in Vrindavan groves of vṛndā (Holy basil) and vana (a grove or forest).[2] Nicknames: City of Widows Geography Vrindavan is located at 27.58°N 77.7°E.[7] It has an average elevation of 170 metres (557 feet). Demographics Vrindavan As of 2011 India census,[8] Vrindavan had a population of 63,005. Males constitute 56% of the population and females 44%. Vrindavan has an average literacy rate of 65%, lower than the national average of 74.04%.[9] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrindavan 1/7 10/10/2019 Vrindavan - Wikipedia Location in Uttar Pradesh, India Religious heritage Show map of Uttar Pradesh Vrindavan is considered to be a holy place for Vaisnavism Show map of India tradition of Hinduism. -
Visit a Krsna Temple Near
The International Society for Krishna Consciousness CENTERS AROUND THE WORLD Founder-Acarya: His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Patna, Bihar — Arya Kumar Rd., Rajendra Nagar, 800 016/ Tel. (0612) 687637 or 685081/ Fax: (0612) ASIA 687635/ E-mail: [email protected] INDIA Pune, Maharashtra — 4 Tarapoor Rd., Camp, 411 001/ Tel. (020) 633-2328 or 636-1855/ Agartala, Tripura — Assam-Agartala Rd., Banamalipur, 799 001/ Tel. (0381) 227053/ E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (0381) 224780/ E-mail: [email protected] Puri, Orissa — Bhakti Kuti, Swargadwar, 752 001/ Tel. (06752) 31440 Ahmedabad, Gujarat — Satellite Rd., Gandhinagar Highway Crossing, 380 054/ Puri, Orissa — ISKCON, Bhaktivedanta Ashram, Sipasirubuli, 752 001/ Tel. (06752) 30494 Tel. (079) 686-1945, 1645, or -2350/ E-mail: [email protected] Raipur, Chhattisgarh — Hare Krishna Land, opp. Mahrshi School, Alopi Nagar, Tatibandh/ Tel. (0771) Allahabad, UP — Hare Krishna Dham, 161 Kashi Raj Nagar, Baluaghat 211 003/ 637555/ E-mail: [email protected] Tel. (0532) 405294 Secunderabad, AP — 27 St. John’s Rd., 500 026/ Tel. (040) 780-5232/ Fax: (040) 814021 Bangalore, Karnataka — Hare Krishna Hill, 1 ‘R’ Block, Chord Rd., Rajaji Nagar 560 010/ Silchar, Assam — Ambikapatti, Silchar, Dist. Cachar, 788 004/ Tel. (03842) 34615 Tel. (080) 332-1956/ Fax: (080) 332-4818/ E-mail: [email protected] Siliguri, WB — ISKCON Road, Gitalpara, 734 406/ Tel. (0353) 426619 or 539046 or 539082/ Bangalore, Karnataka — ISKCON Sri Jagannath Mandir, No.5 Sripuram, 1st cross, Fax: (0353) 526130 Sheshadripuram, Bangalore 560 020/ Tel. (080) 353-6867 or 226-2024 or 353-0102 Sri Rangam, TN — 93 Anna Mandapam Rd., A-1 Caitanya Apartments, 620 006/ Tel. -
Wandering Religious Poets in India, Tibet, and Japan
This book consists of seven chapters on the subject Songs on the Road of poetry and itinerancy within the religious Songs on the Road traditions of India, Tibet, and Japan from ancient to modern times. The chapters look, each from Wandering Religious Poets in India, Tibet, and Japan a different angle, at how itinerancy is reflected in religious poetry, what are the purposes of the wanderers’ poems or songs, and how the wandering poets relate to local communities, Edholm (Eds.) af Larsson & Kristoffer Stefan sacred geography, and institutionalized religion. We encounter priest-poets in search of munificent patrons, renouncers and yogins who sing about the bliss and hardship of wandering alone in the wilderness, Hindu pilgrims and opponents of pilgrimage, antinomian Buddhist-Tantric poets from Bengal, and the originator of the haiku. We are led along roads travelled by many, as well as paths tread by few. Edited by Stefan Larsson & Kristoffer af Edholm Songs on the Road Wandering Religious Poets in India, Tibet, and Japan Edited by Stefan Larsson & Kristoffer af Edholm Published by Stockholm University Press Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden www.stockholmuniversitypress.se Text © The Author(s) 2021 License CC-BY 4.0 Supporting Agency (funding): Vetetenskapsrådet (The Swedish Research Council) and Riksbankens Jubileumsfond Grant number: Vetetenskapsrådet, projekt, 2013-1421 (”Utanför klostrets murar”) Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, projekt, P19-0419:1 (”Frihetssånger”) First published 2021 Cover Illustration: A Wandering Shaivite -
APRIL 2021 No
THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER O Adorable Lord of Mercy and Love! Salutations and prostrations unto Thee. Thou art Omnipresent, Omnipotent and Omniscient. Thou art Satchidananda (Existence-Consciousness-Bliss Absolute). Thou art the Indweller of all beings. Grant us an understanding heart, Equal vision, balanced mind, Faith, devotion and wisdom. Grant us inner spiritual strength To resist temptations and to control the mind. Free us from egoism, lust, greed, hatred, anger and jealousy. Fill our hearts with divine virtues. Let us behold Thee in all these names and forms. Let us serve Thee in all these names and forms. Let us ever remember Thee. Let us ever sing Thy glories. Let Thy Name be ever on our lips. Let us abide in Thee for ever and ever. —Swami Sivananda CONTROL OF MIND One of the most common habits of the mind is the wandering habit. It cannot stick to one point as it is of the nature of air. Sri Krishna says, “O mighty armed (Arjuna)! The mind is hard to curb and is restless, but it may be curbed by constant practice and by dispassion.” Destruction of desires and control of Indriyas are the essential steps for the control of mind. It is the desire that makes the mind restless. The Indriyas run after objects and the mind also follows the Indriyas just as a dog follows the master. Therefore, if you want to check this wandering mind, you will have to renounce all sorts of desires and control the Indriyas rst. Then alone will you be successful in the practice of concentration, meditation, will-culture, memory-culture and thought-culture. -
Caste, Kinship and Sex Ratios in India
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CASTE, KINSHIP AND SEX RATIOS IN INDIA Tanika Chakraborty Sukkoo Kim Working Paper 13828 http://www.nber.org/papers/w13828 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 March 2008 We thank Bob Pollak, Karen Norberg, David Rudner and seminar participants at the Work, Family and Public Policy workshop at Washington University for helpful comments and discussions. We also thank Lauren Matsunaga and Michael Scarpati for research assistance and Cassie Adcock and the staff of the South Asia Library at the University of Chicago for their generous assistance in data collection. We are also grateful to the Weidenbaum Center and Washington University (Faculty Research Grant) for research support. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2008 by Tanika Chakraborty and Sukkoo Kim. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Caste, Kinship and Sex Ratios in India Tanika Chakraborty and Sukkoo Kim NBER Working Paper No. 13828 March 2008 JEL No. J12,N35,O17 ABSTRACT This paper explores the relationship between kinship institutions and sex ratios in India at the turn of the twentieth century. Since kinship rules varied by caste, language, religion and region, we construct sex-ratios by these categories at the district-level using data from the 1901 Census of India for Punjab (North), Bengal (East) and Madras (South).