Spaceflight Imposes Numerous Adaptive Challenges for Terrestrial Life

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Spaceflight Imposes Numerous Adaptive Challenges for Terrestrial Life

Astrobiology Science Conference 2017 (LPI Contrib. No. 1965) 3032.pdf Transcriptomic changes in an animal-bacterial symbiosis under modeled microgravity conditions. Giorgio Casaburi1, Irina Goncharenko-Foster1 and Jamie S. Foster1, 1Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Space Life Science Lab, Merritt Island, FL, USA. Introduction: Spaceflight imposes numerous adaptive challenges for terrestrial life. The reduction in gravity, or microgravity, represents a novel environ- ment that can disrupt homeostasis of many physiologi- cal processes. Additionally, it is becoming increasingly clear that an organism’s microbiome is critical for host health and examining its resiliency in microgravity represents a new frontier for space biology research. In this study, we examine the impact of microgravity on the interactions between the squid Euprymna scolopes and its beneficial symbiont Vibrio fischeri, which form a highly specific binary mutualism. First, animals in- oculated with V. fischeri aboard the space shuttle showed effective colonization of the host light organ, the site of the symbiosis, during space flight. Second, RNA-Seq analysis of squid exposed to modeled microgravity conditions exhibited extensive differential gene expression in the presence and absence of the symbiotic partner. Transcriptomic analyses revealed in the absence of the symbiont during modeled microgravity there was an enrichment of genes and pathways associated with the innate immune and oxidative stress response. The results suggest that V. fischeri may help modulate the host stress responses under modeled microgravity. This study provides a window into the adaptive responses that the host animal and its symbiont use during modeled microgravity. .

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