DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting IMPACT OF MODELED MICROGRAVITY ON THE BENEFICIAL SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN THE HAWAIIAN BOBTAIL SQUID, EUPRYMNA SCOLOPES, AND ITS BIOLUMINESCENT PARTNER, VIBRIO FISCHERI By ALEXANDREA A. DUSCHER A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2019 © 2019 Alexandrea A. Duscher To my family and friends for their continuous love and support, to the incredible mentors that have helped guide me along the way, and to my partner for continuously encouraging me throughout it all. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many individuals who have inspired and guided me along the way. Specifically, I would like to thank my mentor, Dr. Jamie Foster, for her support and advice throughout my journey. I would also like to thank Dr. Foster for providing me with my first research experience after my undergraduate studies and for guiding me towards pursuing a PhD. I would like to thank my committee members, Dr. Joseph Larkin III, Dr. Peter Kima, and my external committee member Dr. Anna-Lisa Paul. I would also like to thank the staff at the Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, specifically Jonathan Orsini for his willingness to assist me with whatever questions I had. I would like to thank the individuals at the Space Life Sciences Lab for their insight and friendship throughout my time working there. In addition, I would like to thank all of the previous and current lab members that have been a tremendous support through some of the best of toughest times, specifically I would like to thank Dr. Dyanna Louyakis, Dr. Jennifer Mobberley, Dr. Giorgio Casaburi, Joany Babilonia, and my fellow squid mate Maddie Vroom. I cannot thank my family, friends, and partner enough for their unending support throughout this journey, I will forever be grateful for your encouragement. I would also like to thank my funding sources, who without this dissertation would not be possible. I would like to give a special thank you to all of those that supported our crowdsourcing campaign to raise money for my research. The generosity of such individuals has taught me more about expanding science into the community and gives me hope for science funding in the future. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 8 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF OBJECTS ....................................................................................................... 12 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... 13 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... 14 CHAPTER 1 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 16 Impact of Microgravity on Microbial Physiology ...................................................... 17 Impact of Microgravity on Beneficial Microorganisms ....................................... 19 Importance of the Global Bacterial Regulator Protein, Hfq, in Response to Microgravity ................................................................................................... 20 Impact of Microgravity on Animal Immunological Response ................................... 22 The Model System: The Mutualistic Symbiosis Between the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid and its Bioluminescent Bacterium ............................................................. 24 Advantages of Using the Squid-Vibrio System for Microgravity Study ............. 26 Modeling Microgravity Conditions ..................................................................... 27 2 TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING OF THE MUTUALISTIC BACTERIUM VIBRIO FISCHERI AND A HFQ MUTANT UNDER MODELED MICROGRAVITY .................................................................................................... 31 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 31 Methods .................................................................................................................. 35 Bacterial Strains and Growth Conditions .......................................................... 35 RNA Extraction, cDNA Synthesis, and Sequencing ......................................... 36 Bioinformatic Analysis ...................................................................................... 37 Real-Time Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) ......................................................... 37 Results .................................................................................................................... 38 Overview of Transcriptome Analysis of V. fischeri Cultivars Under Gravity and LSMMG Conditions ................................................................................ 38 LSMMG-specific Changes in V. fischeri Transcriptome.................................... 40 Differential Gene Expression Changes in ∆hfq Mutant Under Both Gravity and LSMMG Conditions During Exponential Phase ...................................... 41 Differential Gene Expression Changes in ∆hfq Mutant Under Both Gravity and LSMMG Conditions During Stationary Phase ........................................ 42 5 Discussion .............................................................................................................. 44 3 THE IMMUNE SYSTEM OF EUPRYMNA SCOLOPES IN RESPONSE TO ITS BENEFICIAL BACTERIA ........................................................................................ 57 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 57 Materials and Methods............................................................................................ 62 Identification of Innate Immune and NFκB Specific Related Genes ................. 62 Transcriptome Expression Analysis Across Tissues and Symbiotic State ....... 64 Results and Discussion........................................................................................... 64 General Remarks ............................................................................................. 64 Pattern Recognition Receptors ......................................................................... 66 Peptidoglycan recognition proteins ............................................................ 66 Toll-like receptor ........................................................................................ 69 Galectins .................................................................................................... 71 Effector Enzymes ............................................................................................. 72 Hemocyanin ............................................................................................... 73 Chitotriosidase and chitinase ..................................................................... 75 Superoxide dismutase ............................................................................... 77 Signaling ........................................................................................................... 79 Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 .............................................. 79 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4................................................. 81 Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor ...................................... 82 Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 and TAK1-binding proteins ................................................................................................... 85 IκB kinases ................................................................................................. 87 Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells subunits ... 88 NF-kappa-B pathway inhibitors .................................................................. 90 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 93 4 TARGETED GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE HOST IMMUNE SYSTEM IN A BENEFICIAL SYMBIOSIS UNDER MODELED MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................... 111 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 111 Materials and Methods.......................................................................................... 115 General Procedures ....................................................................................... 115 Modeled Microgravity Treatments .................................................................. 115 RNAseq Data Analysis ................................................................................... 116 NanoString Target Gene Probe Design .......................................................... 116 RNA Extraction and Gene Expression ........................................................... 116 NanoString Data Analysis ............................................................................... 117 Results .................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Grail): Extended Mission and Endgame Status
    44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2013) 1777.pdf GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY (GRAIL): EXTENDED MISSION AND ENDGAME STATUS. Maria T. Zuber1, David E. Smith1, Sami W. Asmar2, Alexander S. Konopliv2, Frank G. Lemoine3, H. Jay Melosh4, Gregory A. Neumann3, Roger J. Phillips5, Sean C. Solomon6,7, Michael M. Watkins2, Mark A. Wieczorek8, James G. Williams2, Jeffrey C. Andrews-Hanna9, James W. Head10, Wal- ter S. Kiefer11, Isamu Matsuyama12, Patrick J. McGovern11, Francis Nimmo13, G. Jeffrey Taylor14, Renee C. Weber15, Sander J. Goossens16, Gerhard L. Kruizinga2, Erwan Mazarico3, Ryan S. Park2 and Dah-Ning Yuan2. 1Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02129, USA ([email protected]); 2Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technol- ogy, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; 3NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; 4Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; 5Planetary Science Directorate, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA; 6 Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA; 7Dept. of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA; 8Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 94100 Saint Maur des Fossés, France; 9Dept. of Geophysics and Center for Space Resources, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; 10Dept. of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; 11Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 77058, USA; 12Lunar and Planetary Laborato- ry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; 13Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; 14Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; 15NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA, 16University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Sepiola Trirostrata Voss, 1962 Fig
    Cephalopods of the World 169 Sepiola trirostrata Voss, 1962 Fig. 245 Sepiola trirostrata Voss, 1962a, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75: 172 [type locality: Philippines]. Frequent Synonyms: None. Misidentifications: None. FAO Names: En – Knobby bobtail squid; Fr – Sépiole bosselée; Sp – Sepiola nudosa. tentacle II left hectocotylus III left I right I left IV left male arm arrangement (after Voss, 1963) dorsal view of male Fig. 245 Sepiola trirostrata Diagnostic Features: Fins short, do not exceed length of mantle anteriorly or posteriorly. Arms III in both sexes stout and strongly curved inward, more obviously so in males. Suckers in ventral series of right arm I and arms II of males larger than dorsal suckers. Hectocotylus present, left dorsal arm modified: proximal end with 2 slender fleshy papillae (anteriormost papilla longest) and dorsolateral to these a blunt tongue-like lobe, all formed from enlarged and elongate sucker pedicels; 2 rows of suckers on arm proximal to fleshy pad; distal end of hectocotylized arm with sucker pedicels enlarged and tightly packed to form 2 double rows of columnar structures; suckers reduced with tiny, fleshy, slit-like openings. Club with 4 large suckers in transverse rows; suckers differ in size; dorsal marginal longitudinal series of suckers larger than those in ventral marginal series. Paired kidney-shaped light organs present inside mantle cavity on each side of ink sac. Colour: Mantle and head with many minute brown or black chromatophores; arms III deep pink, arms I to III each with single longitudinal row of large chromatophores, arms IV with double row of small chromatophores.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Diversification of Vibrio Fischeri Serially Passaged for 500 Generations in Novel Squid Host Euprymna Tasmanica
    Microb Ecol DOI 10.1007/s00248-013-0356-3 HOST MICROBE INTERACTIONS Ecological Diversification of Vibrio fischeri Serially Passaged for 500 Generations in Novel Squid Host Euprymna tasmanica William Soto & Ferdinand M. Rivera & Michele K. Nishiguchi Received: 4 June 2013 /Accepted: 16 December 2013 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract Vibrio fischeri isolated from Euprymna scolopes V. fischeri ecotypes, and complex changes in biolumines- (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) was used to create 24 lines that cence. Our data demonstrate that numerous alternate fitness were serially passaged through the non-native host Euprymna optima or peaks are available to V. fi sc he ri in host adaptive tasmanica for 500 generations. These derived lines were char- landscapes, where novel host squids serve as habitat islands. acterized for biofilm formation, swarming motility, carbon Thus, V. fischeri founder flushes occur during the initiation of source utilization, and in vitro bioluminescence. Phenotypic light organ colonization that ultimately trigger founder effect assays were compared between “ES” (E. scolopes)and“ET” diversification. (E. tasmanica) V. fischeri wild isolates to determine if conver- gent evolution was apparent between E. tasmanica evolved lines and ET V. fischeri. Ecological diversification was ob- Introduction served in utilization of most carbon sources examined. Con- vergent evolution was evident in motility, biofilm formation, The Sepiolid Squid–Vibrio Mutualism and select carbon sources displaying hyperpolymorphic usage in V. fischeri. Convergence in bioluminescence (a 2.5-fold Sepiolid squids in the genera Sepiola and Euprymna form light increase in brightness) was collectively evident in the derived organ mutualisms with marine bioluminescent bacteria from lines relative to the ancestor.
    [Show full text]
  • Spaceflight Imposes Numerous Adaptive Challenges for Terrestrial Life
    Astrobiology Science Conference 2017 (LPI Contrib. No. 1965) 3032.pdf Transcriptomic changes in an animal-bacterial symbiosis under modeled microgravity conditions. Giorgio Casaburi1, Irina Goncharenko-Foster1 and Jamie S. Foster1, 1Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Space Life Science Lab, Merritt Island, FL, USA. Introduction: Spaceflight imposes numerous adaptive challenges for terrestrial life. The reduction in gravity, or microgravity, represents a novel environ- ment that can disrupt homeostasis of many physiologi- cal processes. Additionally, it is becoming increasingly clear that an organism’s microbiome is critical for host health and examining its resiliency in microgravity represents a new frontier for space biology research. In this study, we examine the impact of microgravity on the interactions between the squid Euprymna scolopes and its beneficial symbiont Vibrio fischeri, which form a highly specific binary mutualism. First, animals in- oculated with V. fischeri aboard the space shuttle showed effective colonization of the host light organ, the site of the symbiosis, during space flight. Second, RNA-Seq analysis of squid exposed to modeled mi- crogravity conditions exhibited extensive differential gene expression in the presence and absence of the symbiotic partner. Transcriptomic analyses revealed in the absence of the symbiont during modeled micro- gravity there was an enrichment of genes and pathways associated with the innate immune and oxidative stress response. The results suggest that V. fischeri may help modulate the host stress responses under modeled mi- crogravity. This study provides a window into the adaptive responses that the host animal and its symbi- ont use during modeled microgravity. .
    [Show full text]
  • Octopus Insularis</Italic> As a New Marine Model for Evolutionary
    © 2019. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Biology Open (2019) 8, bio046086. doi:10.1242/bio.046086 RESEARCH ARTICLE Octopus insularis as a new marine model for evolutionary developmental biology Ernesto Maldonado1,*, Emma Rangel-Huerta1,2, Roberto González-Gómez3,4, Gabriel Fajardo-Alvarado3,4 and Piedad S. Morillo-Velarde4,5,* ABSTRACT of aquatic animal eggs and embryos guarantees the observation of Octopuses are intriguing organisms that, together with squids and every developmental stage using microscopy and allows detailed cuttlefishes, form the extant coleoid cephalopods. This group includes experimental analysis from the first cell division through to the many species that can potentially be used as models in the fields of formation of embryonic germ layers and organogenesis (Boletzky biomedicine, developmental biology, evolution, neuroscience and et al., 2006). Finally, small embryos allow reasonable sample sizes even for robotics research. The purpose of this work is to first to be tested together using multi-well plates to provide multiple present a simple method for maintaining Octopus insularis embryos experimental replicates at the same time, making them cost- under a laboratory setup. Second, we show that these embryos are effective animal models (Hill et al., 2005). suitable for detailed analyses of specific traits that appear during Coleoid cephalopods (octopus, squid and cuttlefish) exhibit the developmental stages, including the eyes, hearts, arms, suckers, largest nervous systems found among invertebrates (Young, 1971) chromatophores and Kölliker’s organs. Similar complex traits between and a sophisticated visual system controlling body color changes for cephalopods and vertebrates such as the visual, cardiovascular, communication, camouflage and mimicry (Hanlon et al., 2011; neural and pigmentation systems are generally considered to be a Robin et al., 2014).
    [Show full text]
  • Counterillumination in the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid, Euprymna Scolopes Berry (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)
    Marine Biology (2004) 144: 1151–1155 DOI 10.1007/s00227-003-1285-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE B. W. Jones Æ M. K. Nishiguchi Counterillumination in the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes Berry (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) Received: 27 May 2003 / Accepted: 24 November 2003 / Published online: 10 January 2004 Ó Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract The mutualism between the Hawaiian bobtail 1999), predator evasion (Hartline et al. 1999), and squid Euprymna scolopes and the luminescent symbiont counterillumination, an antipredatory behavior com- Vibrio fischeri has been used extensively as a model mon to many midwater cephalopods, decapod crusta- system for studies ranging from co-speciation and bio- ceans, and fishes (Young 1977; Harper and Case 1999; geography to gene regulation and the evolution of Lindsay et al. 1999). Animals exhibiting counterillumi- pathogenesis. In this association, the luminescent bac- nation reduce their silhouette by producing biolumi- terium V. fischeri is housed in a complex light organ nescence in an attempt to match the intensity and within the mantle cavity of E. scolopes. Prior hypotheses wavelength of down-welling light (Young and Roper have assumed that sepiolid squids in general utilize the 1977), providing a mechanism that allows them to evade bioluminescence produced by their V. fischeri symbionts predators by camouflage. The light produced can either for counterillumination, a behavior that helps squid be autogenic (luminescence produced intrinsically by the camouflage themselves by matching down-welling animal itself), or bacteriogenic (produced by bacterial moonlight via silhouette reduction. This assumption, symbionts). based solely on the morphology of the squid light organ, Establishing a morphological design for efficient has never been empirically tested for Euprymna in the counterillumination has resulted in the evolution of a laboratory.
    [Show full text]
  • Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae)
    Invertebrate Biology 137(3): 240–249. © 2018, The American Microscopical Society, Inc. DOI: 10.1111/ivb.12223 Vascular architecture in the bacteriogenic light organ of Euprymna tasmanica (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) Anthony J. Patelunas and Michele K. Nishiguchia Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003-8001, USA Abstract. Symbiosis between southern dumpling squid, Euprymna tasmanica (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae), and its luminescent symbiont, the bacterium Vibrio fischeri, provides an experi- mentally tractable system to examine interactions between the eukaryotic host and its bacte- rial partner. Luminescence emitted by the symbiotic bacteria provides light for the squid in a behavior termed “counter-illumination,” which allows the squid to mask its shadow amidst downwelling moonlight. Although this association is beneficial, light generated from the bacteria requires large quantities of oxygen to maintain this energy-consuming reaction. Therefore, we examined the vascular network within the light organ of juveniles of E. tas- manica with and without V. fischeri. Vessel type, diameter, and location of vessels were measured. Although differences between symbiotic and aposymbiotic squid demonstrated that the presence of V. fischeri does not significantly influence the extent of vascular branch- ing at early stages of symbiotic development, these finding do provide an atlas of blood ves- sel distribution in the organ. Thus, these results provide a framework to understand how beneficial bacteria influence the development of a eukaryotic closed vascular network and provide insight to the evolutionary developmental dynamics that form during mutualistic interactions. Additional key words: symbiosis, squid, vasculature, aerobic Symbiotic relationships between bacteria and mul- physiological changes during infection and colonization ticellular organisms are very common in nature by bacteria of the genus Vibrio from the environment (Hirsch & McFall-Ngai 2000; Baker 2003; Wang (Montgomery & McFall-Ngai 1998; Foster et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary for Hawaiian and Other Polynesian Terms
    Glossary for Hawaiian and Other Polynesian Terms Pronunciation Hawaiian vowels are as in English: a, e, i, o, and u. But with respect to pronunciation, the letter “a” is pronounced as the soft ah sound in papa; “e” as the ā sound in play; “i” as the ē sound in need; “o” as used in bowl; and “u” as the ew sound in tune. Diacritical marks are used to indicate stress on particular vowels, and as glottal stops. Te macron (called kahakō in Hawaiian) is used to stress and elongate any of the vowel sounds. For example, the ā sound in pāhoe- hoe (sheet lava) is stressed and lengthened, as in pahh-ho-ay-ho-ay. Te reverse apostrophe (called an okina in Hawaiian) is used as a glot- tal stop, as in the closed throat sound that should precede formation of the word ‘ahi (pronounced ah-hee), or between sounds, as in Punalu‘u (pronounced poo-nah-lew-ew). Certain vowel combinations (diph- thongs) are also pronounced in a manner dissimilar to the way they are pronounced in English, with stress on the frst vowel. For instance, the “ou” sound in Hawaiian is pronounced with stress on the o, as in pouli © Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s), under exclusive license 247 to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 E. W. Glazier, Tradition-Based Natural Resource Management, Palgrave Studies in Natural Resource Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14842-3 248 Glossary for Hawaiian and Other Polynesian Terms (Hawaiian for dark or eclipse, pronounced poh-lee).
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of the Hectocotylus in Sepiolinae (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) and Description of Four New Genera
    European Journal of Taxonomy 655: 1–53 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.655 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2020 · Bello G. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0042EFAE-2E4F-444B-AFB9-E321D16116E8 Evolution of the hectocotylus in Sepiolinae (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) and description of four new genera Giambattista BELLO Arion, Via Colombo 34, 70042 Mola di Bari, Italy. [email protected] urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:31A50D6F-5126-48D1-B630-FBEDA63944D9 …it is impossible to doubt that the [hectocotylized] arm is thereby adapted to some particular purpose, […] because its transformation occurs in so great a number of species of the class, and bears its peculiar characters in each natural genus. Japetus Steenstrup (1857) Abstract. The subfamily Sepiolinae (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae), currently containing the genera Sepiola Leach, 1817, Euprymna Steenstrup, 1887, Inioteuthis Verrill, 1881, Rondeletiola Naef, 1921 and Sepietta Naef, 1912, is characterized by the hectocotylization of the left dorsal arm, i.e., its transformation into a copulatory organ thanks to modifications of sucker/pedicel elements. The hectocotylus morphology varies to a great extent across genera and species. In particular, one to several pedicels in its proximal third lose their sucker and become highly and diversely modified in shape to constitute a copulatory apparatus. An evolutionary gradient was observed in the copulatory apparatus morphology, from the simple modification into a papilla of just one pedicel from the third element of the ventral sucker row (some nominal species of Euprymna) to a quite complex structure involving several variously modified pedicels from both the ventral and dorsal sucker rows (Inioteuthis).
    [Show full text]
  • Cover Image the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid
    SUBSCRIPTIONS In 2020 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (ISSN 0962-8436) will be published Continuing its long history of infl uential scientifi c publishing, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 26 times a year. For more details of publishes high quality theme issues on topics of current importance and general subscriptions and single issue sales interest within the life sciences, guest-edited by leading authorities and comprising please contact our fulfi lment agent: new research, reviews and opinions from prominent researchers. Each issue Turpin Distribution aims to create an original and authoritative synthesis, often bridging traditional The Royal Society Customer Services Pegasus Drive disciplines, which showcases current developments and provides a foundation for Stratton Business Park future research, applications and policy decisions. Biggleswade SG18 8TQ United Kingdom royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rstb T +44 1767 604951 F +44 1767 601640 E [email protected] EDITOR Karen Lipkow Alternatively, please contact our customer John Pickett Karen Liu service team at: Satyajit Mayor E [email protected] SENIOR COMMISSIONING EDITOR Ewa Paluch Helen Eaton Ricard Solé PRICES FOR 2020 Roland Wedlich-Söldner PRODUCTION EDITOR Online Online Garrett Ziolek Neuroscience and cognition only and print Dora Biro EDITORIAL BOARD Anna Borghi £ UK/rest of World £2812 £3936 Organismal, environmental Nicole Creanza and evolutionary biology Patricia Pestana Garcez € Europe €3656 €5118 Julia Blanchard Anthony Isles $ US/Canada $5323 $7452 Patrick Butler
    [Show full text]
  • Identification and Gene Expression of Multiple Peptidoglycan Recognition
    Identification and gene expression of multiple peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) in the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus, involvement in symbiosis? Camille Détrée, François H. Lallier, Arnaud Tanguy, Jean Mary To cite this version: Camille Détrée, François H. Lallier, Arnaud Tanguy, Jean Mary. Identification and gene expression of multiple peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) in the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus, involvement in symbiosis?. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Elsevier, 2017, 207, pp.1-8. 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.02.002. hal-01469197 HAL Id: hal-01469197 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01469197 Submitted on 16 Feb 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Détrée et al. 2017 Identification and gene expression of multiple peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) in the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus, involvement in symbiosis? Camille Détrée1,2, François H. Lallier1, Arnaud Tanguy1, Jean Mary1,* 1Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 7144, Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Equipe ABICE, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France 2Present address: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile Running title: Bathymodiolus azoricus’s PGRPs and regulation of the symbiosis * Corresponding author: Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Immune Protein Orchestrates Daily Rhythm of Squid-Bacteria Symbiotic Relationship 19 October 2020, by Marcie Grabowski
    Immune protein orchestrates daily rhythm of squid-bacteria symbiotic relationship 19 October 2020, by Marcie Grabowski National Academy of Sciences, could provide important clues on factors affecting human microbiome rhythms, as the MIF protein is also found in abundance in mammalian symbiotic tissues. To survive, the nocturnal Hawaiian bobtail squid depends on V. fischeri, which gives it the ability to mimic moonlight on the surface of the ocean and deceive monk seals and other predators, as it forages for food. The symbiotic bacteria also require nutrition, especially at night when they are more numerous and their light is required for the squid's camouflage. The research team, led by Eric Koch, who was a graduate researcher at the Pacific Biosciences Research Center (PBRC) in the UH Manoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) at the time of the study, determined the squid regulates production of MIF as a way to A 63x magnification image showing the 4-week-old light control the movement of specialized immune cells, organ during the day showing EsMIF (magenta) called hemocytes, which provide chitin for bacteria surrounding the crypt spaces. Host DNA is labeled in to feed on. blue and the bacteria are labeled in green. Credit: Eric Koch At night, when the team found MIF was low in the squid's light organ, hemocytes were allowed into the regions where the bacteria reside and chitin was delivered. During the day, MIF was very high, Nearly every organism hosts a collection of which inhibits the hemocytes from coming into the symbiotic microbes—a microbiome.
    [Show full text]