Chromosome Numbers of Plants Collected During Iter Mediterraneum IV in Cyprus

Bocconea I I - 199<) 11 7

Chromosome numbers of plants collected during Iter Mediterraneum IV in Cyprus

Robert V ogt & Abelard o Aparicio

Introduction

The fOllrth OPTIM A expedition, Iter Mediterranellm IV (Cyprll s, Aprii 199 1) resulted in th e coll ecti on of c. 1000 numbers of vascul ar plants. During th e excursion th e auÙlOrs coll ected seed mate ri al and fixed nower buds for the purpose of karyological studies. They succeeded in studyin g I 12 taxa. be longing to 22 fami lies and 85 genera. The results are summarized here. and present one of th e first extensive karyological contributions to tb e n ora of Cyprus.

Material and methods

T he se ed material and the fixations of f1 0wer buds used for this stucly were collected during th e 4th OPTTMA expedition to Cyprus. Samples are indicated in the tex! and in Table I by ùl e locali ty pllls co ll ecti on nllmber of Iter Mediterraneum IV. Additional seed mate ri al ancl flower buds gaùl erecl wi thout a corresponding 'official" co ll ecti on number is cited with th c personal collecti on number of th e autbors, again pr ceded by the locality number. Herbarium vouchers are deposited . in SEVF (Apari cio) and 13 (Vogt), respecti vely. Studies on diploid chromosome numbers were carried out in the Botanic Garden and Botanical Musellm Berlin-Dahlem. Plants for karyological study were raised at th e Be rlin Botani c Garde n and vOll chers of cultivatecl plants are de posited in th e herbarium of th e Botani cal Mli sellm (B). Chromosorn e numbers have been obtained from somatic mitoses of root tips of pIanI. raised from seed. Root tips were pretreated with hydroxychinoli ne (0.002 molar aq ueous soluti on) for 2 hours, fixed in 96% ethanol/glacial acetic ac icl (3 : I) ancl refri gerated. Hydrolyzation was carriecl out wilh 1-2n hydrochloric acid for 10- 15 minutes al 60°C. For chromosome staining rool tips were squashed in ace to-orcein . Chromosome cOllnts were made from several plants of the same ori gin o When possible five lO len metaphase . tages were examined for each plant. Studies on haploicl chromosome nu mbe rs from young n ower buds fi xed in 96% elh ano l/glacial acetic ac icl (3: I) were carriecl out mainly in th e Department of Pi anI Bio logy and Ecology, Sevill a U niversity. The anÙlers were stain cl in colcl alcoho li c ac icl carmine (Snow 1963). For mosl of th e examined taxa a pho l.ograph 01' th e mil.olic or me iotic karyotype is provi dcd. 118 V ogt & A paricio: Chromosome numbers of plant s collec ted .. .

Table 1. Chromosome eounls 01 phanerogams lrom Cyprus. An aslerisk (' ) indieales new or devialing eounls, e indieales laxa endemie lo Cyprus.

Taxon n 2n Fig . Coli no. Anacardiaceae Pistacia atlantica 15 Aparicio CY 10-2

Apiaceae Ainswor1hia trachycarpa 10 2 23-1059, Aparicio CY 5-2 Bupleurum gracile r 3 28-1308 Daucus guttatus 10 4 5-152 Daucus involucratus 11 5 13-490 Scaligeria napiformis 10 6 Aparicio CY 22-5 Tordylium syriacum 10 7 11-337 Zosima absinthiifolia 5' 8 15-614

Boraginaceae Onosma mitis 8' 9 26a-1194

Brassicaceae Alyssum cypricum 16' 10 Aparicio CY 31-1 eAlyssum troodi 8' 11 Aparicio CY 31-2 Arabis purpurea 16' 25 16-669 Biscutella didyma 16 Vogt 29-8808 Enar1hrocarpus arcuatus 20* 3-31 Matthiola longipetala subsp. bicornis r 12 13-497 Matthiola tricuspidata 16' 3-33 Moricandia spinosa subsp. maroccana 14 13 17-756 Sinapis alba 22 13-510 Torularia torulosa 7* 14 13-509 Turritis laxa 6' 15 21-834

Caryophyllaceae Cerastium comatum 17 16 21-814 Minuar1ia picta 11 ' 17 21-827 Petrorhagia dubia 30 26 10-306 Silene fruticosa 12 18 29-1377 Silene galataea 12' 26a-1202 • Silene gemmata 12' 19 34-1591 eSilene laevigata 24 ' 34-1588 Silene macrodonta 20' 27 1-6 Silene nocturna varo brachypetala 24 35-1661 Silene rubella 24 4-90, 10-307 Stellaria ci/idea 13' 20 21-835 Helianthemum salicifolium 10 21 16-652 Helianthemum syriacum 10 22 Aparicio CY 15-1 Tuberaria guttata 18 23 440, 26a-1233 Tuberaria guttata 24 24 12-440 Bocconea I I - 1999 119

Table 1. (continued).

Taxon n 2n Fig. Coli no. Tuberaria p/antaginea 12 31 12-439, 26a-1232 Aparicio CY 23-4, 24-1, 24-2, 24-3, 24-4, 25- 1, 26-1, 28-1

Compositae Aetheorhiza bulbosa 18 28 Vogt 28-9044 eAnthemis tric%r 9* 13-505 Bellis annua subsp. minuta 90* 29 28-1326 Ca/endu/a arvensis 44 30 13-503, 16-653, 11-347 Carduus argentatus subsp. apicu/aris 14* 32 23-1061 Carduus pycnocepha/us subsp. 60 37 28-1333 a/bidus Centaurea aegia/ophi/a 11 Aparicio CY 2-4 e Cepha/orrhynchus cypricus 18* 38 21-847 Ch/amydophora tridentata 18* 39 5-127, 8-276 Chrysanthemum coronarium varo 18 40 4-69 coronarium Chrysanthemum coronarium 9 33 13-465 Chrysanthemum coronarium var. 18 4-85 disc%r Chrysanthemum segetum ~ 18 41 Vogt 24-8641 Cnicus benidictus 22 42 30-1413 Crepis foetida subsp. foelida 10 43 Vogt 28-9040 Crepis fraasii 6 34 Aparicio CY 14- 1 Crepis fraasii 12 44 26a-1193 Crepis sancta 10 45 6-207, 34-1579 Crupina crupinastrum 28 46 6-212 Hedypnois rhagadi%ides 13 47 Vogt 28-9040bis He/ichrysum italicum 14 35 12-437 Leontodon tuberosus 8 48 23-1094 Matricaria reculita varo coronata 18' 49 6-189 Notobasis syriaca 34 50 4-82 Phagna/on rupestre subsp. graecum 9 36 8-278 Phagna/on rupestre subsp. graecum 18 51 6-185, 13-472 Phagna/on rupestre subsp. rupestre 18 52 3-30 Picris pauciflora 10 53 30-1412 Pseudognapha/ium /uteo-a/bum 28' 35-1663 Reichardia tingitana 16 64 28-1300 Scorzonera jacquiniana varo 14' 55 9-285 subintegra Scorzonera laciniata 14 56 8-275 Senecio /eucanthemifo/ius varo 20 57 34-1583 vernalis Senecio vu/garis 40 58 12-44 1 Sonchus oleraceus 32 59 26a-1209 120 Vogt & A paricio: Chromosome numbers of pl ants collec ted ...

Table 1. (continued).

Taxon n 2n Fig . Coli no . Steptorhamphus tuberosus 16 60 26a-1211, 28-1330 Tolpis barbata 9 61 29-1390 Tragopogon sinuatus 12 67 6-183, 12-424 Tyrimnus leucographus 17 62 23-1060 Urospermum picroides 10 68 6-203 Xeranthemum inapertum 14 63 12-426

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus oleifolius 15* 64 5-175

Dipsacaceae Pterocephalus brevis 9* 65 31-1467 e Pterocephalus multiflorus 9* 66 12-436

Ericaceae Arbutus andrachne 13 73 Aparicio CY 17-3

Fabaceae eAstragalus cyprius 8* 74 25-1140 Hedysarum spinosissimum 16 5-122 Hymenocarpos circinnatus 16 Vogt 14-8359 Lotus peregrinus 28 31-1471 Medicago truncatula 14 31 - 1468 Onobrychis crista-galli 32 4-46 e Onobrychis venosa 7* Aparicio CY 12-5 e Onobrychis venosa 14* 69 13-489 Ononis ornithopodioides 32 70 28-1292 Ononis viscosa subsp. sicula 32 71 31-1475 Scorpiurus sulcatus 28 72 8-277 Vicia sativa subsp. sativa 10 79 6-215

Geraniaceae Erodium cicutarium 20* 80 6-217

Gramineae Avena ventricosa 14 15-600 Bromus caroli-henrici 14' 28-1320 Bromus rubens 28 81 6-195

Iridaceae eGladiolus triphy/los 60* 82 Vogt 23-8806 Gynandriris sisyrinchium 24 83 Vogt 29-8809 Bocconea I I - 1999 12 1

Table 1. (continued).

Taxon n 2n Fig. Coli no. Lamiaceae ePh/omis cypria varooccidentalis 10' 75 25-1143 Sa/via verbenaca c.42 13-478 Sa/via verbenaca 56 84 34-1577 Teucrium kotschyanum 32' 85 20-772

Liliaceae Allium junceum 8 76 23-1081 Allium trifoliatum 14' 86 24-1120 Bellevalia trifo/iata 8 87 11-358

Orchidaceae Ophrys transhyrcana 18' Aparicio CY 10-3 Orchis coriophora subsp. fragrans 18' 14-541 P/atanthera ch/orantha 21 77 22-966

Orobanchaceae Orobanche aegyptiaca 12 78 27-1288

Po/ygonaceae Emex spinosa 20 4-81 Rumex cyprius 18 88 31-1477

Primu/aceae e Cyc/amen cyprium 30 89 Vogt 21-8530 Cye/amen persicum 48 90 11-313

Scrophu/ariaceae Veronica persica 28 91 33-1523

Va/erianaceae e Kentranthus ca/citrapa subsp. 32' 20-779 orbicu/aris Va/erianella orientalis 16' 92 33-1522

Results

The families, genera and species indicated be low are arranged alphabeti call y. For a li species the name adopted in th e preceding check-li sI of pl anls collected during th e founh OPTIMA expedition (Alziar 1999) is give n. Short comments are provided for ali laxa studied in this in vesti gation. The results are summari zed in Table I . 122 Vogt & Apari c io: C hromoso me numbers of plants coll ected .. .

A ll a c a rdia c ea e Pistacia atlantica Desf.

Il = 15. Limassol: Vouni, roadside, marls anel limestones, 480 m. 17 Apr 1991 , (Aparicio CY /0-2) (Fig. I).

The genus Pistacia is known to have two different chromosome numbers w ith n = 12 and n = 15. In P. atlantica one deviating number, 211 = 28 is c ited by Zohary ( 1952) far P. lll/antica var. lat!lo/ia DC.

Ap i acea e Ainsworthia trachycarpa Boiss.

/1 = IO. Lìlrnaka: Ayia Anna, dry slopes, palaeogene limestone and mari, c. 150 m, 15 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 5-2). n = IO . Paphos: Between Nata and Axylon, garrigue, limestone and marl-lilllestone, 350-400 m , 22 Apr 199 1 (23 -/059) (Fig. 2).

Severa 1 chromosome numbe rs of Ihis E. Mediterranean taxon have been published previously; n = 7 and Il = 9 are reported by Constance & al. ( 1976) from Israel anelli = IO from Lraq, n = 8 and 2/1 = 16 respectively by AI-E isawi & Jury ( 1988) and AI-Eisawi ( 1989) from JOI·dan.

Bupleurumgracile d ' Urv.

/1 = 7. Paphos: Peyia, road to Polis, open Pi/1u S brutia forest, limestone, 250-300 m, 24 Apr 1991 (28- /308) (Fig. 3).

This is the first report of a chrolllosome number for thi s E. MeditelTanean species.

Dallcus gllttatlls Sm.

/1 = IO. Larnaka: Cape Greco. limestone rocks (Iower Miocene) and sand, 10-20 m, 12 Apr 199 1 (5-/52) (Fig. 4).

According to previous studies this species seems to be represented by two different chromosome numbers. Our count of /1 = IO is in accord ance with the repart o f 2/1 = 20 made by Ceschmedjiev ( 1983) who stud ied Bulgarian plant material. 211 = 22 chrol11osollles are c ited by Engstrand ( 1970) and Il = Il by Con sta n ce & al. ( 1976) anel Striel & Franzén ( 198 1) respecti vely who stucli eel pl ants o f Greek provenance.

Daucus Ùll'olllcraius Sm.

/1 = Il. Larnaka: Ayia Anna, dry slopes, palaeogene Iimestone and marI. c. 150 m, 15 Apr 199 1 (/3-490) (Fig. 5). Bocconea I I - l!)!)!) 123

Our resull corresponds with th e reporl of 2/1 = 22 for this taxon ciled 111 Engstrand ( 1970) for malerial fro m tlle Aegaean region.

Scaligeria napiformis (Spreng.) Grande

Il = IO. Paphos: Junction of tlle track lo Ayia (Panayi), valley of Ezoussas, vul cani c rocks, c. 450 m, 23 ApI' 199 1 (Aparicio CY 22-5) (Fig. 6).

With the corresponding resull of 2n = 20 this species di stributed in the eastern Mediterranean region has previously been studied by Engstrand (1970) using pIanI material of Greek provenance.

Tordylium syriacum L.

n = IO. Limassol: Amathus, stony slopes, edge of agri cultural land, wall s, garrigue, mari and limestone, 10-40 m, 14 Apr 199 1 (J /-:f37) (Fig. 7).

This is the first counl based on authentic pIanI materi al of this species endemie to Asia Minor. Previolls reports of 2n = 20 and n = IO have been given by Gardé & Malhe iros Gardé ( 1954), and Be li & Constance (1960) using plant material of un known origino

Zosima absillthiifolia (Vent.) Link

n = 5. Limassol: Vouni, roadslde, limestone and mari , 480 m, 17 ApI' 199 1 (/5-614) (Fig. 8).

Zosima absinthiifo/ia is distributed in S. W. and C. Asia. Two previous chromosome counts have been carried out on pl ant materi al of Iranian provenance y ielding n = IO (Constance & al. 1971 , 1976). According to the available data in chromosome indices and karyological studies dealing with Apiaceae (e.g. Delay 195 1, Cave 1959, 1960, 1963, 1964, Darlington & Wylie 1955, Ornduff 1968, Fedorov 1969, Moore 1970, 197 1, 1972, 1974, 1977 , Beli & Constance 1957, 1960, 1966, Constance & al. 197 1 1976, Queir6s 1978, Pastor 1993) the family is known to have basic chromosome numbers from x = 6 to x = I I at least in th e Mediterranean area. Therefore our count of n = 5 for Z. absinthiifolia is a new number for the species as well as for th e whole family of Apiaceae.

Bora g in aceae Onosma mitis Boiss. & Heldr.

/I = 8. Paphos: JlInction of th e track to Ay ia (Panayi), vall ey of Ezoll ssas, volcanic rocks, C. 450 m, 23 ApI' 199 1 (26A- // 94) (Fig. 9).

This is th e first karyological sllldy of this spec ies which is restri cle cl lo Turkey and Cyprus. The genll s 0l10.l'IIIa is known to represent basic chromosome numbers fro m .r = 6 IO X = Il (for reference see Luqlle 1990). /I = 8 has been report ed previously onl y fo r O. sericeum from Armeni a (Tissot-Dagll ette 1972). 124 Vogt & Aparicio: Chromosome numbers of plants collected ...

'. .04' . ,

Figs. 1-6. PMC Ill eiosis o f: I, Pis/acia allan/ica, Il = 15 ; 2, Ail1swonhia /rachycarpa. 11 = IO; 3, Bupleurul1l gra cile. n = 7: 4, Daucu.\· gUllalUs. 11 = IO ; 5, Daucus involucra/us. Il = Il ; 6, Scaligeria l1 apiformis. 11 = IO . - Scale bar = I O plll . Bocconea \ \ - \999 \25

"' .; .. ·1"1'· . ,

7 8 { r\

Figs. 7-12. PM C Illt: ios is or: 7, ·/ im/vliu/II syriaclIIlI. /I = I O: S, /.OSilllll IIl!silllliii/à/ill. /I = ."i: I), Ollos/lla /IIi/is. Il = 8; IO, iI /yssu/II cypriclIIlI . /I = 16: Il, iI/yssu/II /rom/i. Il = 8; 12, Mallhio/II /ollgipe/a /a subsp. bicomis. Il = 7. - Sca le bar = IO pJl1 . 126 Vogl & Aparicio: Chro mosome numbers 01' plants coll ecled ...

Bra ssi caceae A/yssum cypricum Nyar.

/1 = 16. Limassol: Troodos, road lo Platres, S. facing slopes, 1700 m, se rpenline rocks, 28 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 3 / -/ ) (Fig. IO).

This seems to be th e firsl chromosome count for thi s spee ies restrieted IO Cyprus and Turkey.

Alyssllm troodi Boiss.

/1 = 8. Limassol: Troodos, road to Pl atres, S. faeing slopes, 1700 m, serpenline rocks, 28 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 3 /-2) (Fig. II ).

This Cyprian endemie eonfined to the Tro6dos Range is à member of the group of diploid speeies in the genus. This is as far as we know the first karyologieal study.

Arabis pllrpurea Sm.

2/1 = 16. Limassol: Ayia Mav ri , Kilani, stony slopes, mari and limestone, 17 Apr 1991 (/6-669) (Fig. 25).

Our eount is the first re porI of a ehromosome number for this endemi e Cypri an species.

BiscllteLLa didyma L.

2/1 = 16. Paphos: Near Dhroushi a and Inia, W. of mount Lara, meadows and bi g roeks of triasie sandstone, 550 m, 24 Apr 1991 (Vogt 29-8808).

Plants of Cyprian provenanee of this widespread Mediterranean weed have not been studied before. Our finding of 2/1 := 16 corroborates former results from Italy (Raffaelli & Fiorini 1985), Spain, Egypt and Greeee (Olowokudejo & Heywood 1984), Crete (Montmollin 1984), and Iraq (AI-Shehbaz & AI-amar 1982).

Enarthrocarplls arcllatlls Labill.

2/1 = 20. Larnaka: Between Xylophagou and Ayia Thékla, beaeh, 0-5 m, 12 Apr 199 1 (3-3 / ).

The cytology or this E. Mediterranean taxon has not been studied previously. Our eounl of 2n = 20 is in aeeordanee with reports fo r other species of Ellarthrocarpus, e.g. E. /yratus, E. stra/1gu /atus (S harllla & Sikka 1976), E. davalus (G uittonneau 1978), anel E. plerocarpus (Hm'berd 1972).

Matthiola /ollgipetala subsp. bicomis (S m.) P. W. Bali

n = 7. Larnaka: Ay ia An na. dry slopes, palaeogene limestone anel mari , c. 150 m, 15 Apr 199 1 (/3-497)(Fi g. 12). Ij OCco ll ea I I - I ')')') 127

This first count baseù on Cyprian pl ant materi al is in accord ance with reports of Ghaffa ri ( 1988) anù Aryavand ( 1977b) from Iran, and AI-Shehbaz & AI-Omar ( 1982, 1983) from Iraq. The dev iating number /I = 6 has been fOllnd by Maassoumi ( 1980) who lI sed Irani an plant materi a!.

Matthio/a triclIspidata (L.) R. Br.

2/1 = 16. Larnaka: Between Xylophagou anù Ayia The kl a, beach, 0-5 m, 12 Apr 199 1 (3 -33).

Our count of 2/1 = 16 for this species whi ch is widespread in th e Mediten anean region differs from fo rmer reports of Miège & Greuter ( 1973), Brullo & Pavone ( 1977), an d Renzoni ( 1969) who found 2 /1 = 14 chromosomes in pl ants of Cretean and It al ian provenance.

Moricandia spinosa Pomel subsp. maroccall(l Sobrino

/1 = 14. Larnaka: Kato Lefk ara, track to Vav la, marls and limestone, garri gue and meadows, 520 m, 18 Apr 1991 (/7-756) (Fig. 13).

This species was collected for th e first time in Cyprus during Iter Mediterraneum IV. Our cOllnt of 11 = 14 seems to be the first karyological study of th is taxon.

Sinapis alba L. subsp. alba

217 = 24. Larnaka: Ay ia Anna, dry slopes, palaeogene limestone and mari , c. 150 m, 15 Apr 199 1 (/3-5 /0).

The resull of 2/1 = 24 15 111 accordance with many prev ious reports from different regions of th e wide range of this species.

Tortl/aria torll[osa (Desf.) O. E. Schulz

n = 7. Larnaka: Ayia Ann a, dry slopes, palaeogene limestone and mari, c. 150 m, 15 Apr 199 1 (/3-509) (Fig. 14).

This is ùl e first karyological study or this specles ùi stributed 111 N. Afri ca and lh e easlern Meùiterranean region.

Turritis laxa (S m.) Hayek

/I = 6. Paphos: Mount Tripy los anel Cedar vall ey, foreSI with Cedrus brevi;t"olia anel Quercus aln (fo lia, 1080- 1360 m. 20 Apr 199 1 (2 / -834) (Fig. 15).

This seems to be th e rirst chromosome cOllnt fo r this C. and E. Meeli terranean taxon. Il~ Vogt &. Apanclo: L1uomosome numbers Ol plal1lS COlleClt:u .. .

Caryophy//aceae Cerastium comatum Desv.

n = 17. Paphos: Mount Tripylos and Cedar valley, forest with Cedrus brevifo/ia and Quercus alnifolia. 1080-1360 m, 20 Apr 1991 (2/-8/4) (Fig. 16).

Our 'Count is in accordance with the reports of S61ner (1954) and Favarger (1969, sub Cerasfiu/1/ il/yricu/1/ subsp. com.a fum) who studied material of Greek and Corsean provenance of this taxon distributed in the C. and E. Mediterranean area.

Minuartia picta (Sm.) Bornm.

n = Il. t>aphos: Mount Tripylos and Cedar valley, forest with Cedrus brevifo/ia and Quercus a/nifo/ia. 1080-1360 m, 20 Apr 1991 (2/-827) (Fig. 17).

Previous reports for this E. Mediterranean taxon are not known.

Petrorhagia dubia (Rafin.) G. L6pez & Romo (P. ve/ufilla (Guss.) P. W. Bali & Heywood).

2n = 30. Larnaka: Cape Kiti , stony slopes and fallow land, 13 Apr 1991 (10-306) (Fig. 26).

Our count of 2/1 = 30 chromosomes IS In accordance with the indications given by Blackburn & Morton (1957, sub Koh/rauschia ve/utina). 1l1Omas & Murray (1983, sub Pefrorhagia ve/ufina), Colombo & Trapani (1990, sub Pefrorhagia ve/ufina) , and Montmollin (1986). 1l1is species is widely distributed in the Mediterranean area. .

SiLene fruticosa L.

n = 12. t>aphos: Near Dhroushia and lnia, west of mount Lara, meadows and big rocks of triasic sandstones, 550 m, 24 Apr 1991 (29-/377) (Fig. 18).

Our count corroborates the report of a somatic number of 2n = 24 given by Blackburn (1928), Damboldt & Phitos (1966) and Kramer & al. (1972) who studied material of Maltesian and Greek provenance.

SiLe ne galataea Boiss.

/1 = 12. l'aphos: Junction of the track to Ayia (Panayi), Valley of Ezoussas, volcanic rocks, c. 450 m, 23 Apr 1991 (26A-1202).

This is lhe firsl karyologieal stlldy of tll is species endemie to the flora of Cyprlls.

Si/elle gemmata Meikle

n = 12. Limassol: Between Mandria and Ayios Nikolaus, roadsicles amI garngue, gabbro ancllimestone, 27 Apr 1991 (34-/5')/) (Fig. 19) . Bocconea I I - 199') 12')

This seems lO be Ih e fi rsi karyological study of this Cypri an endemico

Si/elle Laevigata Sm.

21! = 24. Limassol: Between Mandria and Ayios Nikolaus, roadsides and garn gue, gabbro and limeslone, 27 Apr 199 1 (34-/588).

This seems lo be the first re pori of a chromosome number for this endemic Cyprian species confined to dry igneous mountain sides of the Tro6dos range.

SiLelle macrodonta Boiss.

2n = 20. Larnaka: Pe ri voli a, beach and sandy rubble piles, 0-5 m, IO Apr 199 1 (1-6) (Fig. 27).

Silene macrodonta has not been sludied cytologicall y prev iously. Qur result of 2n = 20 agrees with reports for other taxa of S. secl. ConimOlpha Qtth.

SiLene noctuma var. brachypetala (DC.) Benth.

217 = 24. Paphos: Kidhasi, vall ey of Dhiarizos, river bank and meadows, 27 ApI' 199 1 (35- / 661 ).

Silene nocturna, a widespread Mediterranean species, has been studied cytologically in many countries but a chromosome number for var. brachypetala was reported onl y once by Kramer & al. ( 1972) who studied Maltesean pl ant material and obtained the same result.

Si/ene rubella L.

217 = 24. Larnaka: Between Xylophagou and Ayia Thekla, fa ll ow land and pseudosteppe witll Sarcopoteriul11 , C. 5 m, 12 Apr 199 1 (4-90). 2n = 24. Larnaka: Cape Kiti, stony slopes and fallow land, 13 ApI' 199 1 (10-307).

Qur counts of 2n = 24 confirm ali former reports from many countries for this widespread species, e.g. Portugal (Blackburn & Morton 1957, Fernandes & Leitao 1971 ), Algeria (Reese 1957, Podlech 1987). the Balearic Islands (Dahlgren & al. 1971 ), and the Spani sh mainl and (Talavera & Bocquel 1976, Lidén 1980).

SteLLaria ciLicica Boiss. & Balansa

n = 13. Jlaphos: Mount Tripylos and Cedar va ll ey, forest with Cedrus brevi,folia and Querrt-L\ alni/olia, 1080- 1360 m, 20 ApI' 199 1 (2 / -835) (Fig. 20).

No fo rmer reporl S or a chromosome number of Ihis E. Mediterranean taxon are known. 130 Vogt & Aparicio: Chromosome 1111mbers or plants coll ected . ..

, .• , A./ /'

Figs. 13- 1X. l'MC me iosis or: 13, Morieandia spillosa slI bsp. maroccana . Il = 14; 14, Tort~ / aria /oru/osa. 11 = 7; 15, Turri/is /axa. 11 = 6; 16, Ceras/iul1I eoma/ul1I . 11 = 17; 17, Mil1 uar/ia pieta. 11 = Il ; 18, Si /el1 efru/icosa.11 = 1.2 - Scale bar= IO ).1m. Bocconea 1 1 - 1999 13 1

, . ' , .. ". .~ ... tf1t '. ..• • '. , . •• ,

h g. 1') -24. l'MC I11 ciosis or: 19, Silelll' gel/l/l/llIlI. Il = 12: 20, S/('lllIria cilici("{J. 1/ = 13; 2 1, lIelial//helllulII sa licif"olil./Il1 . 1/ = J(l; 22, lIelial1/he/llIl/ll syriacu/II. /I = IO; 23, 'rllberaria gUllata. 1/ = 11\; 24, Tuberaria gul/a/a. /I = 24. - Scale ba r = IO flm. 132 Vogt & Aparicio: C hrolllosome nUlllbers or plants coll ected . . .

C i s/ocea e FUII/allll arabica (L.) Spach

/1 = 16. Larnaka: Stavrovouni, reforestation area, diabase, basalt and gabbro, 450- ROO 111 , 15 Apr 199 1 (/2-4/8).

Qur result coin c ides with the counts or 2/1 = 32 reported by Chiarugi (1925) from Italy. Atslllon & Fei nbrun ( 1960) from Israel, and Markova ( 1972. 1975) rrom Bulgaria.

H e[iallthemllll/ salicifo[illll/ (L.) Mili.

/'I = lO. Limassol: Ayia Mavri, Kil ani , stony slopes, marl s and limestone, 700 m, 17 ApI' 199 1 (/6-652) (Fig. 2 1).

Qur count corroborates the reports ( Il = IO or 2/1 = 20) by many authors throughout the Mediterranean distribution range. Material of Cyprian provenance has already been studied and the sa me result was published by Slavik & al. ( 1993).

H e[ianthell/Ilm syriaclll1l (Jacq.) Dum. Cours. (= H . laval7dulifoliul1I auct.)

17 = IO. Larnaka: Between Vavla and Kirokitia, limestones, 520 m, 18 ApI' 1991 (Aparicio CY / 5- 1) (Fig. 22).

Prcvious counts (11 = IO and 2/1 = 20) for this Mediterranean taxon reported by Coutinho & Lorenzo-Andreu ( 1948) . Valdés & al. ( 1978), Valdés-Bermejo ( 1980) from Spain and Atsmon & Feinbrun (1960) from lsrael yielded the same result.

Tuberaria (Dunal) Spach

As karyological investigations in S. W. Spanish populations or different species of Tuberaria have shown (Gall ego & Aparicio 1993) this genus is taxonomicall y very complicated due to hybridization ancl backcrossing among th e taxa. A considerable morphological vari ation is leading to enormous difficulties in species delimitati on. QUI' karyological study of Cyprian material gives rai se lo the assumption that hybridizati on and polyploidy a lso occurs in this part of the distJ"ibution range. T. plal7/aginea represents the tetraplo id leve I (2 17 = 24) and T. gulfata th e hexaploid level (217 = 36), with some, probably all o-octoploid, hybrid fo rms (217 = 48).

Tllberaria gllttata (L.) Fourr.

17 = I R. Paphos: Junction of the track to Ayia (Panayi). vall ey of Ezoussas, volcanic rocks, c. 450 111 , 23 ApI' 199 1 (26A- / 233) (Fig. 23). Il = 24. Larnaka: Stavrovouni, reforestati on area, diabase. basalt anel gabbro. 450-800 111 , 15 ApI' 199 1 (/2-440) (Fig. 24).

The polymorphic Tuberaria guttata is a species widespread in the W. Mediterranean but rare in the eastern pcu·t. It has been studiecl karyologicall y in it s whole distribution range a lways showin g th e SLl llle ploidy levels (for previous chromosome counts see Gallego & Aparicio 1993). Boccon",,, I I - 1999 133

Tuberaria plallfaginea (Wilkl. ) Gallego

Il = 12. Lamaka: Stavrovouni. reforestation area, diabase, basai t and gabbro. 450- 800 111 , 15 Apr 199 1 ( 12-439). Il = 12. Paphos: Junction of the track to Ayia (Panayi), Valley of Ezoussas. volcani c rocks, c. 450 111 , 23 Apr 1991 (26A- 1232). Il = 12. Paphos: Peyia, road to Polis, open Pinu.\" brutia forest, limestone , 250-300 111. 24 Apr 199 1 (Aparicio CY 23 -4). Il = 12. Paphos: Near Dhroushia and Inia, west of mount Lara, meadows and big rocks of triasic sandstones. 550 111 , 24 Apr 199 1 (Aparicio CY 24- 1,24-2. 24-3 , 24-4). n = 12. Nikosia: Ayia lrini, edge of agri c ultural land, gabbro and diorite, 950 m, 26 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 25- 1). n = 12 . Nikosia: N. E. of Ayios Yeoryios Kavkalou (road to Vyzakia), roadside anel agri cultural land, sand and rubble (basalt), 390 m, 26 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 26- / ). /I = 12. Nikosia: Alona, steep s lopes, garrigue, d iabase, 940 111 , 26 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 28- /) (Fig. 31). Co mp os it ae Aetheorhiza bulbosa (L.) Casso

2n = 18. Paphos: Peyia, road to Po li s, open Pi/lus brutia foresl, limestone, 250-300 m . 24 Apr 1991 (Vogt 28-9044) (Fig. 28).

Our counl of 2/7 = I R agrees w ith former reports given by Pavone & al. ( 198 1b) for ltaly, Norelenstam (1972) for Egypt, Dahlgren & al. ( 1971 ) for the Balearic Islanels. Delay & Petit ( 1972, sub Crepis bulbosa L.) for France, Fernandes & Qlleir6s ( 197 1a) for Portugal, and Castroviejo ( 1983) for Spain. Mori ( 1957) found a different numbe r of 211 = 32 in plant material of Italian provenanee.

Anthemis tricolor Boiss.

n = 9. Larnaka: Ayia Anna. dry slopes, palaeogene limestone and mari, C. 150 m. 15 Apr 1991 ( / 3-505).

This is the first report of a chromosome number of this speeies endemie to Cyprus.

BeLlis annua subsp. minuta (DC.) Meikle

211 = 90. Paphos: Peyia, road to Poi is, open Pi/lu.\" brutia forest, Iimestone , 250-300 m. 24 Apr 199 1 (28-/326) (Fig. 29).

Bellis an //ll a L. sllbsp. lIIi/luta has not been studied cyt.ologicall y before anel the deeaploid number or 211 = 90 has been fO llnd for the first time in the genus Bellis. Previolls counts in B. an//lla reslIlled exclusively in the diploid number 2/1 = 18 or /I = 9 respecti vely and were reportecl by RlIiz de C lav ijo Jiménez ( 19RR) from Spain. Pavone & al. ( 198 1a) l'rom Italy, and Fernandes & Qlleir6s ( 197 1a , 1971 b) l'rom Portllgal. 134 Yogt & A paricio: Chromosome numbers of pl ant s collected .. .

l'i gs. 25 -30. ML' lap l1 ascs or rool-lip llliI OSl!~ o r: 25, J\mhis /JII I,/ }f/J'('lI. 211 = 16. 26, / 'l'lrorr//(/ gill dubia. 211 = 30; 27, Silelle II lC1crodo lllCl . 2/1 = 20; 28, J\elheorhiza /) //I/)osCi . 211 = 1X : 29, lJ ellis lI/I/I//a subsp. /IIil1l lla . 2n = 90; 30, Calendula arl'e/l sis. 2/1 = 44. - Sca le bar = IO pm. Bocconea 1 1 - 1999 135

l, i )!~ . .\ 1-,\(1. 1'1\'ll ' 1l1 <: i ll~ i , ili ' j I , /III)(,/,(// III / ' /fl/I/ I1!, /I /{ 'u, l/ = 12: .H , ('(/rd /l/ /.\ ar gel/llI lIl.\ ' 1I 11 , p. apicularis, l/ = 14 110 11 + () ~ ): 33, Chrvsanthl'//I/./I/I coronarilllll val'. corUl/ariul/l, 1/ = <) ; 34, Cre/li.l' .fi'aasii, 1/ = 6; 35, Ile!ichrY,l'f.ulI iW!iO UII , 1/ = 14; 36, Phagnalon rt/peslre subs p, graccllIIl , Il = 9. Scale bar = IO ~11l , 136 Vogt & Aparicio: Chromosome numbers of plants collectecl ...

Calelldula arvens;s L.

2/1 = 44. Larnaka: Ayia Anna, dry slopes, palaeogene limestone ancl mari, c. 150 m, 15 Apr 1991 (/3-503). 2/1 = 44. Limassol: Amathus, stony slopes, eclge of agricultural land, walls, garrigue, mari and limeslone, 10-40 m, 14 Apr 1991 (1/-347). 2/1 = 44. Limassol: Ayia Mavri, Kilani, stony slopes, marls ancl limestone, 17 Apr 1991 (/6-653) (Fig. 30).

Material from three Cyprian populations of this widespread Mediterranean annual proved to have chromosome numbers of 2/1 = 44. This result corroborates reports from numerous countries cited in Oberprieler & Vogt (1993). Deviating counts made by Humphries & al. (1978, 2n = 18) and Borgen (1974,2/1 = 42) are attributed to misidentification or miscounts respectively (see Oberprieler & Vogt 1993 for discussion). Carduus argentatus subsp. apicuLaris (Bertol.) Meikle

n = 14 (1011+ 08). Paphos: Between Nata and Axylon, gan'igue, limestone and marl limestone, 350-400 m, 22 ApI' 1991 (23 - / 06/) (Fig. 32).

This is the first publication of a chromosome number for this E. Mediterranean species. The chromosomes during diakinesis and metaphase show ten bivalents as well as a ring of eight chromosomes, probably due to the existence of translocation heterozygosity. As far as we know this is the first ti me that this kind of chromosome rearrangements has been found in Carduus.

Carduus pycnocephallls subsp. albidus (M. Bieb.) Kazmi

211 = 60. Paphos: Peyia, road to Polis, open Pil1us brutia forest, limestone, 250-300 m, 24 ApI' 1991 (28-/333 )(Fig. 37).

Our count of 211 = 60 agrees with reports from many countries cited in Oberprieler & Vogt ( 1993) and from Palestine (Diaz Lifante & al. 1992). A comprehensive discussion of numerous deviating counts is given in Oberprieler & Vogt (1993).

Centaurea aegiaLophila Wagenitz (Aegialophila eretica Boiss. & Heldr.)

/1 = II. Larnaka: Cape Greco, limestone rocks (Iower Miocene) and sand, 10-20 m, 12 Apr 1991 (Aparicio CY 2 -4).

Our count is in accordance with tbe diploid number 2/1 = 22 reported by Runemark ( 1967) who studied plants from Crete.

Cephalorrhynchus cypricus (Beauvercl) Rech. f.

2/1 = 18 . Paphos: Mount Tripylos and Cedar valley, forest with Cedru.I' brevU'olia ancl [3occonea I I - 1999 137

Quercu.\ aln(f'olin. 1080-1360111, 20 ApI' 1991 (2/-847) (Fig. 38).

Our counl is ùl e firsl re porI for this endemie Cyprian species growing on shady mounlainsides or streamsides al high altitudes of Ihe Troodos Range.

Chlamydophora tridentata (Delile) Ehrenb. ex Less.

21'1 = 18. Larnaka: Between Meneou and Meneou beach, 5-10 m, 13 Apr 1991 (8-276). 2/1 = 18 . Larnaka: Cape Greco, limestone rocks (Iower Miocene) and sand. 10-20 m, 12 ApI' 199.1 (5-/27) (Fig. 39).

Material from two Cyprian populations of this ephemeral species proved to have chromosome numbers of 2/1 = 18. There are no previous indications for the monotypic genus Chlamydophora di stributed from North Africa (Tunisia and Egypt) to Crete and Cyprus.

Chrysanthemum coronarillm varo coronarillm

2n = 18 . Larnaka: Between Xylophagou and Ayia Thekla, fallow land and pseudosteppe with Sarcopoferiu/1/. C. 5 m, 12 ApI' 1991 (4-69) (Fig. 40). /1 = 9. Larnaka: Ayia Anna, dry slopes, limestone and mari , ca. 150 m, 15 Apr 1991 (/3-465) (Fig. 33).

Chrysanthemllm coronarium L. val'. discolor d'Urv.

2/1 = 18. Larnaka: Between Xylophagou and Ayia Thekla, fallow land and pseudosteppe wiÙ1 Sarcopoferiu/1/. C. 5 m, 12 ApI' 1991 (4-85).

Our counts of three Cyprian populations corroborate Ù1e numerous former reports for Ù1e two varieties of this common Mediterranean weed from OÙler countries ali having 2/1 = 18 or 11 = 9 respectively and being cited in Oberprieler & Vogt ( 1993).

Chrysanthemllm segetllm L.

2/1 = 18. Paphos: Between Eledhiou and Amargeti, gypsum, 360 m, 22 ApI' 1991 (Vogt 24-864/ ) (Fig. 4 1).

This first reporl of a chromosome number for Cyprian plant material of this species corroborates previous counts in the Mediterranean area cited in Vogt & Oberprieler ( 19(3).

Cniclls benedictlls L.

211 = 22. Nikosia: Ayia Irini, edge of agri cultural land, gabbro and diorite, 950 m, 26 ApI' 1991 (30-/4/3) (Fig. 42).

Our count of 2/1 = 22 chromosomes is a confirmation of former report s for th e Mediterranean area made e.g. by Kuzmanov & Nikolova ( 1980), Ubera ( 1979), FerlHlnelez Casas ( 1977) anel Fernancles & Queiros ( 1971 a). This spec ies is widely distributeel in the Meelilerranean region anel eastwarels to Iran anel Afghanistan. Vogt & Apari cio: Chromosome numbers of pl ant s coll ected ...

.' . , .•. .. ~. ~~~, . .. ": '. ~ . ~/" ~}:~ .' . ; ,~ ~ '., .- " f ' . .. " .. ~ ..':., .... :,~ ~ ." ,.. ~ .. ••• l . :,.; :: :. {'~.;)' , . "... ..

Fi gs. 37-42. Ml' lapli;l>l's 01 l'Onl-l ip miloses or: 37, Curduus /'YCII OU·/,!t"/If.1 >11">1' . II//J/Ifl/.l . 211 = (,(): 3H, Cl'p/llIlorhvnchus cVl'ricus . 2/1 = I X; .W, ChlulI/ydopho/'{/ fr idcl1lu/a. 211 = I X; 40, Chrysu /lfhl'l'llul1I coronariwl/ val'. coronuriul1I, 211 = IX; 41, ChrySlI l1f hell/U/1/ sl'gl'ful1I . 211 = I X: 42, Cnicus bCl1cdicfus . 2/1 = 22 . - Sca le bar = IO 11m . Bocconea 1 1 - 199 9 139

Figs. 43-4~ : Metapha ses of rool-lip IIlilOSeS of: 43, Crepisfo('lida subsp.jòelida. 11/ = IO : 44, Crepi.l· .fi"aasii. 21/ = 12: 45, Crepi.l· sOl/cIO. 21/ = IO: 46, Cmpil/a crUpil/aslmlll. 2/1 = 2H ; 47, lIedYPl1 0is rh agadioloides. 2 /1 = 13; 48, Leol//odOI/ luuerosus. 2/1 = 8. - Scale bar = I () pl11. 140 Vogt & Apari cio: Chromosome nUlllbers of plants coll ected ...

Crepisfoetida L. subsp. foetida

2n = IO. Paphos: Peyia, road to Po li s, open Pinus brutia fo rest, limestone, 250-300 111 , 24 ApI' 1991 (Vogf 28-9040) (Fig. 43).

Crepis foetida is represented in the fl ora of Cyprus by subsp. foetida ami subsp. commutata. Our count of 211 = IO in a population of subsp./oetida agrees wi th a li previous reports for thi s taxon (e.g. Mejias 1986 and Luque & Diaz Lifante 199 1 for Spain ; D'Ovidio 1986 and Bartolo & al. 1978 fo r Italy; Loon & Ki eft 1980 and Gadella & Kliphuis 1972 fo r Ju goslav ia; Fernanues & Queiros 197 1a for Portugal; Ku zmanov & Nikolova 1980 and Kuzmanov & Kozuh arov 1970 for Bulgaria; Strid & Franzén 198 1 for Greece; Kliphuis & Wieffering 1972 for France; Miijovsky & al. I 970a for Slovakia).

Crepisfraasii Schultz-Bip.

/1. = 6. Larnaka: Road from Lefkara to Vavatsina, 4-5 km from Vavatsina, volcani c rocks, 750 m, 18 Apr 199 1 (Aparicio CY /4-1) (Fig. 34). 2n = 12. Paphos: Junction of the track lo Ayia (Panayi), Vallay of Ezoll ssas, volcanic rocks, c. 450 m, 23 Apr 199 1 (26A- // 93) (Fig. 44).

This E. Mediterranean species has formerly been studied in Greece and Crete by Striu ( 1983), Strid & Andersson ( 1985), and Anagnostopollios & Kamari ( 1992) with th e corresponding resull of 2n = 12.

Crepis san.cta (L.) Bornm.

2n = IO. Larnaka: salt lake near Larnaka, 1-2 m, 13 Apr 199 1 (6-207). 211 = IO. Limassol: between Mandria and Ay ios Nikolaos, roadsides and garrigue, gabbro and limestone , 27 Apr 199 1 (34- / 579) (Fig. 45).

Our count of 2n = IO in plants of two Cyprian populations confirm former reports from Iran (Ghaffari & Chariat-Panahi 1985), Bulgaria (Kuzmanov & al. 198 1, Kuzmanov & Jurukova 1977), France (Natarajan 1978), and Greece (Strid & Franzén 198 1, Kamari & Anagnoslopoulos 1991 ).

Crupin.a crupinastrum (Mori s) Viso

2/1 = 28. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larnaka, 1-2 m, 13 Apr 199 1 (6-2 / 2) (Fig. 46).

Our report of a chromosome nllmber for this widespread mediterranean species is in accorcl ance with th e former reports of Slavik & al. ( 1993) for Cyprus, KlIzmanov & al. ( 1986) for Bulgaria, Loon ( 1980) anù Strid & Franzén ( 198 1) for Greece, Pavone & al. ( 198 Ib). Scrugli & Bocchieri ( 1976), Larsen (1956a), and Colombo & a l. ( 1979) fo r Italy, COlluerc ( 1979) for France, Kliphuis & Bark ouuah (1977 ) for Syria, Dahl gren & a l. ( 1971) for the Balearic Island s, Luque & Diaz Lifante (199 1), and Ruiz de C lav ijo J iménez ( 1990) for Spain. 13occonea I I - 19CJ9 14 1

•

Figs. 49-54. MClaphasl's or roOl-l ip mil oses or: 49, Molr;mr;a r eCf.lI;1O va l'. coro//olO . 2// = I X: 50, NOIO/ms;s syr;oC({. 2// = .\4; 51, J>/w g /1 a/o// n/pc."/"(' slIbsp. granl//II . 2/1 = I X: 52, /'hog // a /o // rupeslr!' slIbsp. n/IJ('s IN·. 2// = I X: 53, /';l'r;.I' IJIII/eU/ora, 2// = IO: 54, Ne;eha rd;l/ 1;//g ;IO//O. 2// = 16. - Scale bar = IO pm . 142 Vogl & Aparicio: Chromoso me numbers of ptanl S co llec led .. .

I : j g~. 55-60. M etaphases of rool-lip mj(oses of: 55, Scor::,o/1 e/"{/ jacquil1iana va r. sI/bill/egra. 2/1 = 14: 56, Scorzoll era /acil/ia/a. 21/ = 14; 57, SeI/ C'cio /el/cal//hel1l ifo/ius va ro ,·ema/is. 2/1 =20; 58,Sellccio vu/garis. 2/1 = 40: 59, SO/l chu.\· o /l'raceus. 21/ = 32: 611, S/l'p/orha il/p/llis IUberoslIs. 2/1 = 16. _ Scale bar = IO ~11l . Bocconea I I - 1999 143

/-ledypnois rlzagadioloides (L.) F. W. Schmidt (= H. eretica (L.) W illd.).

2/1 = 13. Paphos: Peyia, road to Poli s, open Pi/l us brutia forest, limestone, 250-300 m, 24 Apr 199 1 (Vogt 2B-9040bis) (Fig. 47).

Our count is the firsl reporl fo r Ihi s widespread mediterranean weed based on Cyprian plant materi al. HedYP /l ois rhagadioloides shows an enormous aneuploid vari ali on in chromosome numbers between 2/1 = 8 and 2/1 = 18, even w ithin single popul ati ons, 2/1 = 8 and 2/1 = 13 being th e mosl freq uent number (Fern andes & Queiros 1972; Nordenstam 1971 ). One dev iating count of /I = 3, given by Delay & Petit ( 1972, sub H. eretica (L.) Willd.), is altributed to misidenti ficati on of H. arenaria (see Oberprieler & Vogi 1993 for di scussion).

/-lelichrysul1l italicllm (Roth ) G. Don

/1 = 14. Larnaka: Stavrovouni , reforestati on area, di abase, basalt and gabbro, 450- 800 m, 15 Apr 199 1 (/2-437) (Fig. 35).

Our count confirms the d iplo id chromosome numbers of 2/1 = 28 reported by Queiros (1 980), D'Amato ( 1971 ), Nilsson & Lassen ( 1971 ) and Mori & Conlandri opoul os (cited in Fedorov 1969: 109) who stud ied pl ant materi al of Mediterranean provenance.

Leontodon tuberoSlls L.

2n = 8. Paphos: Between Nata and Axylon, garrigue, limestone and marl -limeslone, 350-400 m, 22 Apr 199 1 (23 - / 094) (Fig. 48).

This member of Leontodol7 (subg. Leolltodo/1) sect. Thrincia is the onl y representati ve of the genus in th e flora of Cyprus. Our cOlmt of 2/1 = 8 agrees with fo rmer reports from Israel (Diaz Li fante & al. 1992, sub ThrinC"Ìa tuberosa) and from many oth er Mediterranean countries cited in lzuzquiza & Nieto Fe line r ( 199 1).

Matricaria reclltita var. coronata (Boiss.) Ferti g

2/1 = 18. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larnaka, 1-2 m, 13 Apr 199 1 (6- / 89) (Fig. 49).

This seems to be th e first chromosome count of Matricaria recutita var. coronata. Our result is in accord ance with former repo rt s for th e species (mostl y sub M. chal1l ol1lilla) give n by Peneva & al. 1988, Magul aev 1979, Rostovtseva 1979, Morton 1977, Gadell a & Kliphuis 1973, Fern andes & Queiros 197 1a, Gadell a & Kl iphuis 1966, Koul 1964, Madhusoodanan & Arora 1979 & 1984, Pogan & Rychlewsky 1980, Nagl & Ehrendorfe r 1974, T urner & al. 1979, Murin 197R .

Notobasis syriaca (L.) Casso

2/1 = 34. Larnaka: Belween Xylophagou anel Ayia Thekl a, ra ll ow land anel pseudosteppe wilh Sarcopoterium, C. 5 m, 12 Apr 199 1 (4-R2) (Fig. 50). 144 Vogt & Aparicio: Chrolllosome numbers of plant s coll ected . ..

Òur collnt confirms Ih e prev ious re ports given by Slavik & a l. ( 1993) for Cyprus, Ghaffari ( 1987b) fo r Iran, Devesa ( 1979) fo r Spain, Kl iphuis & Barkoudah ( 1977) fo r Syri a, and Norclenslam ( 1972) for Egypt.

Phagnalon rupestre subsp. graecum (Boiss. ex He ld r.) H ayek

n = 9. Larnaka: Between Meneou and Meneou beach, 5- 10 m, 13 Apr 1991 (8-278) (Fig. 36). 2n = 18. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larnaka, l-2 m, 13 Apr 199 1 (6- / 85). 2n = 18. Larnaka: Ayia Ann a, dry slopes, palaeogene limestone and mari , c. 150 m, 15 Apr 199 1 (/3-472)(Fig. 5 1).

A li stud ied Cyprian populalions proved lo have 2 /1 = 18 or n = 9 chromosomes respecti ve ly. These counls for Ih e E. Medilerranean Phagna/ol7 r up esfre subsp. graecum are in accordance w ith the former re porl given by Slavik & al. ( 1993).

PhagllaLol/ rtlpestre (L.) DC. subsp. rupestre

2/1 = 18. Larnaka: Belween Xylophagou and Ayia Thekl a, beach, 0-5 m, 12 Apr 199 1 (3-30) (Fig. 52).

Our report of 217 = 18 chromosomes for this w iclespread Mediterranean chamaephyt is th e first based on Cyprian pi anI materi a l. Il is in accordance wi th reporls made for Spain (Lave & Kje ll qvisl 1974, Nielsson & Lassen 1971 , D ahlgren & al. 1971 , Luque & a l. 1984), Egypl (Nordenstam 1972), ltaly (Larsen 1956a), the Canary lslands (Borgen 1970, Loon 1974), anel Morocco (Oberprie le r & Vogl 1993).

Picris paucij10ra Willel.

217 = IO. Nikosia: Ayia Irini , edge of agri cultural land, gabbro and di orite, 950 m, 26 Apr 199 1 (30- / 4 / 2) (Fig. 53).

'l'hi s first counl fo r Picris pauc(/lora from Cyprus corresponels w ith previous reports based on pianI materi al from Bul gari a (Kuzmanov & a l. 1986), th e Caucasus (Nazarova 1984). Greece (Slrid & Franzén 198 1, Loon 1980), and F rance (Delay 1971 ).

Pseudognaphaliul1l luteo-albw1/ (L.) Hilliard & B. L. Burtt (Gnapha/iul11/ufco-albul11 L.)

2/1 = 28. Paphos: Kidhasi, valley of Dhiari zos. ri ver bank and meadows. 27 Apr 199 1 (35- / 663 ).

This is th e first re pOrl of a tetrapl o id chrOlllosome number fo r thi s worl el-w ide int roJuceci species. The cli plo id number (2n = 14) was reported fro m othe r Mediterranean countries by Fernandes & Queir6s ( 197I a. Portugal), Bjarkq vist & a l. ( 1969, Spain ), Vogt & Oberpri ele r ( 1993, Morocco). Lave & Kjellq vist ( 1974, Spain ), anel Ru iz el e C1avijo .Iiménez ( 1990, Spain ). Boeeonea 1 1 - 1999 145

Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth

2n = 16. Paphos: Peyia, road lo Polis, open Pinus brutia forest, limestone , 250-300 m, 24 Apr 1991 (28-/300)(Fig. 54).

Our eount of 2/1 = 16 ehromosomes is eonsiderd lo be the first reporl of a ehromosome number obtained from Cyprian plant material. Il eorroborates earlier counts made by Gallego (1980), Aparicio ( 1989), Humphries & al. (1978), Snogerup (1980), Dalgaard ( 1986), Talavera & al. ( 1984), Siljak-Yakovlev (1982), Brullo & Pavone (1978), Loon (1974), Borgen ( 1970), and Oberprieler & Vogt (1993).

Scorzonera jacquiniana vaL subintegra Boiss.

2n = 14. Larnaka: Between beaeh of Meneou and Cape Kiti, gravel beaeh, 13 Apr 1991 (9-285) (Fig. 55).

Our eount is the first karyological study of t}1is E. Mediterranean taxon.

Scorzonera laciniata L. (Podosperul1lum laciniatul1I (L.) DC)

2/1 = 14. Larnaka: Between Meneou and Meneou beach, 5-10 m, 13 Apr 1991 (8-275) (Fig. 56).

Previous reports for plants of Cyprian origin are not known. Our result of 2n = 14 agrees with the results (mostly cited under Podosperumum laciniatum) from Spain (Lave & Kjellqvist 1974, Diaz de la Guardia & Bianca L6pez 1987, Luque & al. 1984), Portugal (Fernandes & Queir6s 197I a), Italy (Brullo 8? al. 1977, Capi neri & al. 1978), and other parts of the distributional range (e.g. Nazarova 1975, 1980, Rostovtseva 1983, Labadie 1976b, Lave & Kapoor 1967, Miijovsky & al. 1970b, Kuzmanov & Kozuharov 1967, Hindiikovii & Schwarzovii 1977).

Senecio lellcanthemifolius vaL vernalis (Waldst. & Kit.) C Alexander

2/1 = 20. Limassol: Between Mandria and Ayios Nikolaos, roadsides and garrigue, gabbro and limestone, 27 Apr 1991 (34-/583) (Fig. 57).

Our resull of.2/1 = 20 is in aceordanee with previous eounts made on plant material from Iran (Ghaffari & Chariat-Panahi 1985 and Aryavand 1977a, sub Senecio vernalis), the Caucasus (Magulaev 1982, sub S. vernalis), Belorussia (Dmitrieva & al. 1977, sub S. vernalis), and Israel (Diaz Lifante & al. 1992, sub S. vernalis), as well as for ali other subspecies of S. leucanthel1lifolius. A differing eouot of 2n = 40 was published by Miijovsky & al. (I 970b) from Czechoslovakiao plant material.

Senecio vulgaris L.

2/1 = 40. Larnaka: Stavrovouni, reforestation area, diabase, basalt and gabbro, 450- 800 m, 15 Apr 1991 (/2-44/) (Fig. 58). 146 Vogt & I\paricio: Chrolllosollle nUlllbers of plants collecteel .. .

Our count of 2/'1 = 40 confirms ali former reporls for Ihis cosmopolitan species (see Alexaneler 1979 for eliscussion).

SonchllS oleracells L.

2n = 32. Paphos: Junction of the track to Ayia (Panayi), valley of Ezoussas, volcanic rocks, c. 450 m, 23 Apr 1991 (26A-1209) (Fig. 59).

Cyprian material of this worldwide introduceel weed has nOI been stuelieel previously. Our finding of a tetraploiel chromosome number (2 11 = 32) corroborates the results from many regions ali over the world.

Steptorhamphus tuberosus (Jacq.) Grossh.

2n = 16. Paphos: Junction of the track to Ayia (Panayi), valley of Ezoussas, volcanic rocks, c. 450 m, 23 Apr 1991 (26A -1211 ). 2n = 16. Paphos: Peyia, roael to Polis, open Pil1us brutia forest, limestone, 250-300 m, 24 Apr 1991 (28-1330) (Fig. 60).

This speClies is found from the E. Mediterranean region to Iraq and Iran. It was studied before by Nazarova (1984) in the Caucasus and by Fenikova & Murin (1976) anel Phitos & Kamari (1974) in Crete.

Tolpis barbata (L.) Gaertn.

n = 9. Paphos: Near Dhroushia anel Inia, west of mount Lara, meaelows anel big rocks of triasic sanelstones, 550 m, 24 Apr 1991 (29-/390) (Fig. 61).

This first counl using Cyprian plant material is in agreement with previous reports from different Macaronesian and Mediterranean countries cited in Vogt & Oberprieler (1993).

Tragopog01i sinuatus A vé-Lall.

21'1 = 12. 'Larnaka: Stavrovouni, reforestation area, diabase, basaIt anel gabbro, 450- 800 m, 15 Apr 1991 (J 2-424). 2n = 12. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larnaka, 1-2 m, 13 Apr 1991 (6-183) (Fig. 67).

These first counts baseel on plant material from two Cyprian populations confirm . former reports baseel on European material (Lave & Kjellqvist 1974, Spain; Wilson 1983, France, Greece, Italy, Jugoslavia).

Tyrimnus leucographus (L.) Casso

n = 17. Paphos: Between Nata anel Axylon, garrigue, limestone anel marl-limestone, 350-400 m, 22 Apr 1991 (23-1060) (Fig. 62). Bocconea 1 1 - 1999 147

The chro1l1 os01l1 e number founu in Ih e Cyprian populalion of thi s Med ile rranean species is in accoruance wi lh th e intlications of Talavera ( 1979) who slutlieu Spanish plant material and with th ose of Kuzmanov & Nikolova ( 1980) anu Ku zmanov & Georgieva ( 1983) who sluuied pl anl s of Bulgari an o ri gin o

UrOsperl1lUI1l picroides (L.) Scopo ex F. W . Sch1l1idt

2/1 = IO. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larnaka, 1-2 m, 13 ApI' 1991 (6-203) (Fig. 68). This first count based on pianI materi al from Cyprus confirms former reports from Iran (Ghaffari 1987a), Spain (Pastor 1983, Lave & Kjellqvist 1(74), Greece (Slrid & Andersson 1985), Italy (B rullo & al 1978, Capineri & al. 1978), Armenia (Nazarova 1975), Bulgari a (Kuzmanov & Jurukova 1977), Egypt (Nordenstam 1972), and Porlugal (Fernandes & Que ir6s 1971 a).

Xerathel1l1111l inapertlll1l (L.) Mill.

/1 = 14. Larnaka: Stavrovouni, reforeslation area, diabase, basalt and gabbro, 450-800 m, 15 ApI' 1991 (/2-426) (Fig. 63).

Our counl corroborates the indicalions of Humphries & al. ( 1978) from Morocco, Brullo & al. (1977) from Italy, Strid & Anderson ( 1985) from Greece, and Luque & Diaz Lifante ( 1991 ) from Spain.

CO/1volvula ceae ConvolvulllS oleifolills Desr.

/1 = 15 . Larnaka: Cape Greco, limestone rocks (Iowe r Miocene) and sand, 10-20 m, 12 Apr 1991 (5-175) (Fig. 64).

This seems IO be the first karyological study of this species which is found m th e centrai anu eastern part of the Mediterranean region.

Dipsa caceae Pterocephallls brevis Coult.

/1 = 9. Nikosia: N.E. of Ayios Yeoryios Kavkalou (road lo Vyzakia), roadside and agriculluralland, sand and rubble (basalI), 390 m, 26 ApI' 199 1 (3 /-/467) (Fig. 65).

Our count is uiffering from the previous re porI of 2/1 = 16 by Diaz Lifante & al. ( 1992) in pl ants from Israel.

Pterocephalus 11l1lltiflOrtlS Poech subsp. 11l1lltijlorlis

/1 = 9. Larnaka: Stavrovouni, reforestation area, di abase, basait and gabbro, 450-800 m, 15 ApI' 1991 (/2-436j (Fig. 66). 14R Vogt & !\paricio: Chromosoll1e nllll1bers of plants coll ecled .. .

No former reporl of a ehrolllosome nllmber for this e ndemi e Cyprian species is known.

Erica ce a e Arbutlls andraclllle L.

n = 13. Paphos: MOllnt Tripylos and Cedar valley, forest with Cedrus brevi/olia and Quercus alni/olia. 1080-1360111 , 20 Apr 1991 (Apa ricio CY 17-3) (Fig. 73).

Ollr sflldy confirms th e diploid number 2/1 = 26 forme rl y reported by several aUlhors rsee Darlington & Wylie ( 1955: 2 16) and Fedorov ( 1969: 265)1 for thi s E. Mediterranean species. Faba ceae Astragallis cyprius Boiss.

11 = 8. Paphos: Pano Panayia, limestones, garri gue and meadows, 820 m, 22 Apr 1991 (25- 1/40) (Fig. 74).

There are no former reports of a chromosome number for Ihi s endemi e Cyprian specles.

Hedysarlll1l Spillosissimllm L.

2n = 16. Larnaka: Cape Greco, IImestone rocks (lowe r Miocene) and sand, 10-20 m, 12 ApI' 199 1 (5-/22).

Our result eonfir111s previous reports from Cyprus (S lavik & al. 1993), Malta (Kramer & al. 1972), Israel (Heyn 1964), ltaly (Brullo & al. 1979), Spain (Dahlgren & al. 1971), and Algeria (Abdelguerfi-Berrekia & al. 1986).

Hymellocarpos circinllatlls (L.) Savi

2n = 16. Limassol: Between Kambou and Souni, garrigue, limestone and mari, 280 m, 17 Apr 1991 (Vogt 14-8359).

Our count of 2/1. = 16 is in accordance with re ports g iven by Colombo & al. (1979) for Italy, Cartier ( 1976) for Syria, AI-Mayah & AI-Shehbaz ( 1977), and Diaz Lifante & al. ( 1992) for lsrael.

Lotus peregrinus L.

2/1. = 28. Nikosia: N. E. of Ayios Yeoryios Kavkalou (road lo Vyzakia), roadside and agriculturallancl, sand and rubble (basalI), 390 m, 26 Apr 199 1 (3/ - /471).

Thi annual E. Mediterranean species of Lotus seet. Xa/1.tholoru s was formerly studied with the same result by Bartolo & a l. ( 1979) usi ng Ttali an, and Larsen ( 1956b) using Palestinian pianI material. Boccone" 1 1 - 1999 149

., " .j• .'

( h~,. 6 1-66. PMC Ill(' ios is or: 61, Tolpis !JlI r /)rt/tI. Il = I): 62. l l'rtl//IlII.\ Ic/w(}.!: r'//'/II/., . Il = 17: (,J, X ert///I!tc/lII//7/ il/lIper/l/Il/. Il = 14; 64, COIII'olmlll.\ o lc(f()!ills. /I = 15 : 65, l '/er(}('('pi /(/III.\ /;1'('\';.1' . Il = 9: 66, Pl erocephall/s /I/ull!{lort/s. Il = I). - Sca le bar = IO lllll. 150 Vogt & Aparicio: Chromosome nUlllbers of plants coll ecteu ...

Figs. 67-72. M e l a pila s~s of rool-lip mi loses of: (17, "l"ra goJlogo// si//l/fIIUS. 2//= 12: 6K, lJmsJleollll//1 Jlicroides. 2// = IO; 69, U// o/;rychis \·e // osa. 2// = 14; 70, U/1o/1is ornitho!,odioides. 2/1 = 32; 71 , Orumis \'iscosa subsp. sicula . 2/1 = 32; 72, Scorpiurus su/ca lU s. 2/1 = 2X. - Scale bar = IO pm . Bocconea 1 1 - 1999 15 1

Medicago truncatula Gaertn.

2 11 = 14. Nikosia: N . E. of Ayios Yeoryios Kavkalou (road to Vyzaki a), roadside and agricultural land, sand and rubble (basalt ), 390 m , 26 ApI' 199 1 (3 /-/468).

Our count of 2 /7 = 14 is in accordance with Humphries & al. ( 1978) but differs from the report s of 211 = 16 by Agarwal & G upta ( 1983). Abde lguerfi & Guittonneau ( 1980), Joon & Jong ( 1978), Fernandes & al. ( 1977), C lement ( 1962), Dahlgren & al. (1971), and Simon & Simon ( 1965). Onobrychis crista-galli (L.) Lam.

2/7 = 32. Larnaka: Between Xylophagou and Ayia Thekl a. fallow land and pseudosteppe w ith Sarcopoteriul1I , c. 5 m , 12 ApI' 199 1 (4-46).

T his count of a letraploid chro mosome number for O/lobrychis crista-galli confirms the count given by Oberprieler & Vogt ( 1994). The species has been studied previously in Usbeki stan (Baykabil ov 1977), Iraq (AI-Mayah & AI-Shehbaz 1(77), Syria (Kliphuis & Barkoudah 1977), Israel (Heyn 1962), and Morocco (Oberprie ler & Vogt 1996) with the l'esuli of 2/7 = 16. Foll owing Heyn ( 1962), th e tetraploid number of 2/7 = 32 is more like ly lo indicate th e presence of th e c1 0sely re lated tetraploid O. squarrosa Vivo On tbe island th an the occurrence of a second ploidy level witJlin O. crista-galli.

Onobrychis venosa (Desf.) Desv.

211 = 14. Larnaka: Ayia Anna. dry slo pes, palaeogene limestone and mari, C. 150 111 , 15 Apr 199 1 ( / 3-489) (Fig. 69). 11 = 7. Limassol: Between Kambou and Souni , garrigue, limestone and mari , 280 m, 17 ApI' 199 1 (AparicioCY / 2-5).

These seem to be th e first counts for this ende mie Cyprian species.

Onol/is omithopodioides L.

2 11 = 32. Paphos: Peyia, road to Po li s, open Pillus brutia foresto limestone, 250-300 m, 24 ApI' 199 1 (28- / 292) (Fig. 70).

Our count of 2/1 = 32 is in accord ance wi th th e reports l11ade by Colombo & al. ( 1980) and Scrug li & Bocchi eri ( 1977) from Italy. and Sanudo & al. ( 1976 & 1979) from Spain. Bartolo & al. ( 1978) give a deviating count of 2/1 = 20 chromosomes fOllnd in plants or Italian orig in o

O/lOl/is viscosa subsp. siCilIa (GLI SS.) Hub.-Mor.

2/1 = 32. Nikosia: N.E. or Ayios Yeoryios Kavkalou (road to Vyzakia). roadside and agricultllral land, sand and rllbble (basai t ). 390 111 . 26 Apr 199 1 (3 / - / 475) (Fig. 71 ). 152 Vogt & Apari c io: Chromosome numbers of pl ant s coll ectecl ...

l'his taxon has been th e subject of cytological in vesti gati ons onl y tw ice before. Our count of 2/1 = 32 confirms th e counts given by SalÌuclo & al. (1976 & 1979. sub O/loni.\" sicula Guss.), who stucliecl pl ant materi al o f Spani sh ori gino

Scorpiurus sulcatlls L.

2n = 28. Larnaka: Belween Meneou ancl Meneou beach, 5-10 m, 13 Apr 1991 (8-277) (Fig. 72).

l'he result of 2/1 = 28 chromosomes is in accorcla nce w ith ali fo rmer reports for Ihis wiclespread species cited in Oberprieler & Vogt ( 1996).

Vicia satilla L. subsp saliva

2n = IO. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larn aka, 1-2 m, 13 Apr 1991 (6-2 15) (Fig. 79).

For Vicia saliva chromosome numbers of 2/1 = IO , 12, 14, 24 and 48 are known, 2/1 = 12 being tJle mosl frequent one.

Ge r a nia ce a e Erodillm ciclllar;llm (L.) L ' Hér.

2/1 = 20. Larnaka: Salt lake near Larnaka, 1-2 m, 13 Apr 199 1 (6-217) (Fig. 80).

Erodium cicufarium, widespread in Europe, th e Medite rranean. Asia and as an alie n in many other regions, normall y is a tetrapl oid w ith 2/1 = 40 (Guittonneau 1972). Our Cyprian planls, determined by Prof. Guittonneau (Orléans), proved to be diplo icl w ith 2/1 = 20. a chromosome number previously reporteò by Alves & Leitao ( 1976) for E. cicutarium subsp. jacquinianulll (Fischer & al. ) Brig . from Portugal, Guittonneau ( 1972) for subsp. ontigolanum Guittonneau from Spain , Devesa ( 198 1) for subsp. cicutarium from Spain , and Lave & Lave ( 1944), Warburg ( 1938), and Rottgardt ( 1956) without indicati on of a infraspecific taxon.

G rami nea e A l'ella velltricosa Balansa ex Cosso

2n = 14. Limassol: Vouni. roadside, limestone ancl marI , 480 m, 17 Apr 199 1 (/5-600).

l'his species has been stuòied onl y tw ice before by Ladizin sky & Zohari ( 1967, 1971 ). l'he diploid chromosome nUlllber of 2/1 = 14 is confirmeò here.

Bromus caroli-hellrici Greut er

2/1 = 14. Paphos: Peyia, road lo Po li s. open Pi/llls bra/ili fo rest, limeslone. 250-300 n1. 24 Apr 199 1 (28- 1320). Bocconea I I - I <)<)9 1 5~

This is th e first report of a chrol11 osomc number of this species which is c10sely re lated to Brol1lus alopecuro.\' Poir. Its distributi on ranges in the eastern Mediterranean from Crete and the southern Aegean islands to S. T urkey, Syria and Palestina.

Bromus rubens L.

211 = 28. Larnaka: Sali lake near Larnaka. 1-2 111 , 13 Apr 1<)9 1 (6- 195) (Fig. 8 1).

Qur cOlmt of 2/1 = 28 confirms th e tetraploid nature of this species and is in accordance with ali previolls reports from many countries l11ade e.g. by Humphries & al. ( I <)78. Algeri a), Reese ( 1957, Algeri a), Bjorkqvist & a l. ( 1969, Spain), Gould ( 1970), Q vadi ahu Yavin ( 1969, Palaestina), Dahlgren & al. ( 1971 , Balearic Islands). Natarajan ( 1979, France), Kliphuis & Wieffering ( 1979, Aserbaielshan), anel Sanchez Anta & al. ( 1986. 1988, Spain).

Iri daceae Gladio/Ils triplzyllos (S m.) Ker-Gawl.

2n = 60. Paphos: Between Nata anel Axylon, garrigue, limestone and marl-limestone. 350-400 m, 22 Apr 1991 (Vogf 23-8575). 2/1 = 60. Paphos: Near Dhroushi a and Ini a. W. of mount Lara, meaelows anel bi g rocks of triasic sanel stone, 550 111 ,24 Apr 199 1 (Vog f 8806) (Fig. 82).

The cyto logy ofthi s specles has not been studled previously.

Gynandriris sisyrinchium (L.) ParI.

2/1 = 24. Paphos: Near Dhroushi a anel Inia, W . of 111 0unt Lara, meaelows anel big rocks of tri asic sanelstone, 550 m, 24 Apr 1<)9 1 (Vogf 29-8809) (Fig. 83).

T his is the first chromosome count usin g Cypri an pl a nt material of this widespreael Meeliterranean species. Qur resull is in accordance with former reports (mostly c ited under Iris sisyri/1chiul1l L.) by Garbari & Cri sman ( 1988), Que iros ( I <) 80), Goldblatt ( 1971 , 1980), Ri cci ( 1970-7 1), Ruiz Rej6n ( 1974), De lay & Petit ( 197 1), Fernandes & QlIeir6s ( 1971 b), and Fernandez Morales ( 1974). A elev iating ehromosome number of 2n = 4X is given by Montmollin ( 1986) who stllelieel plant mate rial of Cretan prove nance.

I, a /11 i a c e a e Pltlomis cypria var. occidentali.\' Meikle

Il = IO. Paphos: Pano Panay ia. limcstone, garri gll e and meadows. 820 111. 22 Apr 199 1 (25 -//43) (Fig. 75 ).

The re are no previoll s chro l11 osome nUlllbe r report s for thi s taxon endemi e to th e fl ora 01' Cyprlls. 154 Vogl & Apari c io: C hro lllosome Ilumbe rs 01' plalll S coll ecled . . .

•

• • ., • ....• • •

- r ~.

, .- # ,,~ . ~ . ,. . 77 ;"" i'

Figs. 7.3-7'1\ . l'MC Ill eiosis of: 73, IIrbl//us al/llrachlle. ti = 13: 74, IIs/rag(/ lus cvprius. Il = X: 75, Plilomi.l· cypriu var. occidelltalis. Il = IO; 76, II lIiuIII JUIICC I/III. Il = X; 77, Pla/ulI/lwl"C/ ch/orall/ha. Il = 2 1; 78, Oroboll che oegyp/iaca. Il = 12. - Scale bar = IO P111 . Bocconea I I - 1<) <)<) 155

-~, ,~ " .... • . " "·1ft: , .~. . " .,, ."" "''''', . .

Figs. 7~H54 . Mt.' taphases of root-tip Illit oses of: 79, Vicia sa/im subsp. so/imo 2/1 ; IO ; SII, I:'rodilllll ciClilariulII . 2/1 = 20; SI, llrolllus rubcns. 2/1 = 2X; S2, (;tadio /u.\· /riphv l/os. 2/1 = 60; S3, (;v/1o/ldriris sisyrillchil/ll/. 211 = 24; 84, Sa /I 'ia \'cr/Je//ll c(/ . 2//; 56. - Scale bar = IO 11m . 1.'16 Vogt & Apari c io: C hrolllosome nlllllbers o r plants coll ected . ..

Salvia verbellaca L.

2/1 = 42. Larnaka: Ayia Ann a, dry slopes. palaeogene limcstone antl mari, c. I SO m. 1.'1 Apr 199 1 (/3-470). 2/1 = 56. Limassol : Between Mandria anel Ayios Nikolalls, roaels iele anel garri glie. gabbro alld limestoll e, 27 Apr 199 1 (34- /577) (Fig. X4).

This speeies shows a enormoll s karyological vari ati o n anel so far, chromosome numbers or 2/1 = 14, 16,42.44.48.54.56, 5X . 59, 60, 62, 64. 72 are repo rtcd (Afzal-Rafii 1979, Amin 1972, Bjarkqvist & al. 1969, Dahl gren & al. 1971. Gade ll a & al. 1966, Haqlle 1982, Haque & G hoshal 1980, Kralller & al. 1972. Lave & Kje llqvist 1974, Loon & al. 1971 , Markova & Ivanova 1982, Natarajan 198 1, Patudin & al. 1975, QlIe iros 1983, Reese 1957, Strid & Franzén 198 1).

Tellcrillm kotscltyanlll1l Poech

2n = 32. Larnaka: Vavatsinia, road to Lythrodhonda, roadside, vlli canic rocks, 770 m. 19 Apr 199 1 (20-772) (Fig. 85).

The cytology of this Cyprian endemie has not been studied previously. Li/ia c eae A Llium juncelll1l Sm.

/1 = 8. Paphos: Between Naia and Axylon. garrigue, lilllestone and marl -limestone. 350- 400 m , 22 Apr 199 1 (23- 1081)(F ig. 76).

Our counl of n = 8 is in agreement w ith th e former report or a d ipl o id nllmber (2/1 = 16) by Karavokyroll & T zanoudak is ( 199 1) who stlldied pianI materi al of Greek provenance.

Al/illm trifoliatlll1l C irillo

2/1 = 14. Paphos: Between Eledhioll and Amargeli , gypsum, 360 m, 22 Apr 1991 (24- 1/20) (Fig. 86).

A/liulI1 tr(f'o /iatu /'ll. a member of A. seet. MoliulII is fO llnd in the Mediterranean region from S. lIaly easlwards. Diplo id planls or Illi s spec ies have been re porleel previously only once by Tzanouel aki s & Karavokyrou ( 1992) from Cyprus. A. tr!foliatll/ll normally is a Iriplo id wilh 2/1 = 3x = 21 ehromosomes (Tzanouel aki s & Vosa 1988, Tzanoll elak is 1986, Miehe li & al. 198 1, 1984, Barlo lo & al. 198 1) anel a possible hybriel origin in volving eli anel letraplo iel A. of th e "sub l'i/losulII - subhirsutulII "-complex was sli ggesteel by Miche li & al. ( 1984).

Bellel1alia trifoliata (Ten.) Kunth

2 /1 = 8. Limassol: Amathll S. slony slopes. edge of agri cultural land. wall s. garri gll e. mari éll1lllimestone, 10-40111. 14 Apr 199 1 (11 -358) (Fig. 87).

Our cOlmt or 21! = 8 confirms th e former re ports by Bo thmer & Bent ze r ( 1973) ami Bothmer & We nele lbo ( 198 1) who sluelieu Greek anel T urkish pl ant materi al. It also confinns th e studics on plants or lInknown on g ll1 by Feinbrlln ( 1931{) and Garbari & Tornadore ( 1972). Bocconea I I - 1999 157

.. .

;, . ..

Figs. 85 -90. Metaphases of root-tip miloses of: 85, / éLlcriLl/Ii kotschyall//II/. 2/1 = 32; 86, A I/iLI/II trifo/iatulI/. 2 /'1 = 14; 87, Bel/evalia tr(foliata. 211 = 8; 88, Humex cyprius. 2/'1 = 18; 89, ( )le/amen cypriuII/. 2/1 = 30; 90, Cye/amel1 persicuII/ . 2/1 = 48 . - Scale bar = IO pm. ISR Vogi & Aparicio: Chromosoille numbers 01' plants collected ...

Or c hidac eae Ophrys transhyrcana Czernjak.

/1 = 18. Limassol: Vouni, marls and limestones. 480 m, 17 ApI' 1991 (Aparicio CY /0- 3).

As far as we know this is first karyological study of tbis rare Irano-Turanian species.

Orchis coriophora subsp.fragrans (Pollini) Camus

n = 18. Limassol: Belween Kambou and Souni, garrigue, limestone and mari , 280 m, 17 ApI' 1991 (/4-54/).

Our count is deviating from most otber reports far this taxon. While Labadie (1976a) found n = IO in French plants olher authors reporl 2n = 38 from Spain (Love & Kjellqvist 1973), and from Italy (Scrugli & al. 1976, Bianco & al. 1987).

Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb.

n = 21. Jlaphos: Surroundings of Stavros tis Psokas, Pinus brutia forest on volcanic rocks, 750 m, 21 ApI' 1991 (22-966) (Fig. 77).

Previous reports far piants of Cyprian provenance are not known. Our result of n = 2 1 agrees with ali former results far this taxon.

Oroban c ha ceae Orobanche aegyptiaca Perso

n = 12. Jlaphos: Ayia, forest station, wet and nitrophilous locality under Platanus orientalis (parasitizing on Smyrnium olusatrum), 600 m, 23 Apr 1991 (27-1288) (Fig. 78).

Orobanche aegyptiaca is found from S.E. Europe to C. and S.W. Asia. Our count corresponds with tlle reports of 2n = 24 given by Cukov (cited in Fedorov 1969: 477 and Moore 1982: 215), from Ru ssia and n = 12 by Bir & Sidhu (1974) from India. There is a deviating count of 2n = 38 reported by Srivastava (cited in Darlington & Wylie 1955: 316 and Fedorov (1969: 477) from Egypt.

Pol ygo na ceae Emex spinosa. (L.) Campd.

2n = 20. Larnaka: Between Xylophagou ami Ayia Thekla, fallow land and pseudosteppe witb Sarcopoteriul11. C. 5 m, 12 ApI' 1991 (4-81).

Our count of 2/1 = 20 for this widespread weed agrees with former reports made by Dalgaard (1986) from Macaronesia, Queir6s (1983) from Portugal, and Delay & Petit (1971) from France. Bocconea I I - 1999 159

Rumex cyprills Murb.

2n = 18 . Nikosia: N.E. of Ayios Yeoryios Kavkalou (road to Vyzakia), roadside and agricultural land, sand and rubble (basai t) , 390 m, 26 Apr 1991 (31-1477) (Fig. 88).

Qur count confirms the former results for this species given by Diaz Lifante & al. (1992) and Slavik & al. (1993) who sludieel plants of Palestinian anel Cyprian provenance respectivel y.

Primula ceae Cyclamen cyprillm Sibth.

211 = 30. Paphos: Mount Tripylos anel Cedar· val ley, forest with Cedrus brevifolia anel Quercus aln~folia. 1080-1360 m, 20 Apr 1991 (Vogf 2/-8530) (Fig. 89).

This first count based on authentic plant material confirms the hexaploid nature of this endemie Cyprian species which is f10wering in autumn. Il agrees with tlle former reports by Lepper (in Schwarz 1964), Legro (1959), and Haan & Doorenbos ( 1951) based on plants of unknown origino

Cyclamen persicllm Mili.

2/1 = 48. Limassol: Amathus, stony slopes, eelgc of agricultural lanel , walls, garrigue, mari anel limestone, 10-40 m, 14 Apr 1991 (/ / -313) (Fig. 90).

The cylology of this species was previously studied by Slavik & al. (1993) using Cyprian plant material and Lepper (in Schwar·z 1964), Legro (1959), and Haan & Doorenbos (1951) using plant material of unknown origino Qur count of 2/1 = 48 confirms tlle octoploid nature of this species which is f10wering in spring. Il grows in the E. Mediterranean area.

Scrophulariaceae Veronica persica Poir.

2/1 = 28. Nikosia: Alona, steep slopes, garrigue, diabase. 940 m, 26 Apr 1991 (33-/523) (Fig. 91).

Qur count of 2/1 = 28 is in accordance with ali former reports from many areas of this species nowadays widespread in most temperate regions of the world.

Valerial1aceae Centranthlls calcitrapae (L.) Dufr. subsp. orbiclliatus (Sm.) Meikle

2/1 = 32. Larnaka: Vavatsinia, roael lo Lythrodhonda, roadside, vulcanic rocks, 770 m, 19 Apr 1991 (20-779). 160 Vogt & Apari cio: C hro l11 osol11e llul11bers of plants coll ecteu ...

Figs. 9 1-92. Metaphases of root-tip Illitoses of: 91, Veronica persicul1I . 211 = 28; 92, Va lerianella orienla!is. 2n = 16. - Scale bar = IO 111ll.

The first count for this subspecies probably endemie lo Cyprus. Qur resull of 2/1 = 32 agrees with reports for the species made by Luque & Diaz Lifante ( 1991 ), Dahlgren & al. ( 1971 ), Engel ( 1976), Tucci & Ricc iardi (1978), Contandriopoulos & al. ( 1987), and Monlmollin (1986) for Spain, Italy, Corsica and Crete.

Valeriallella orielltalis (Schldl.) Boiss. & Balansa

2/1 = 16. Nikosia: Alona, steep slopes, garri gue, diabase, 940 m, 26 Apr 1991 (33-/522) (Fig. 92).

This is the first counl of a chromosome number of this species.

Acknowledgemcnts

We would like to th ank Ch. Oberprieler (Jena) for hi s valu able support and Mrs M. Liichow (Berlin ) for her ski lfultechnical assistance.

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Addresses of the authors: Dr Robert Vogt, Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Kanigin-Luise-Str. 6-8, D-14191 Berlin, Gernlany. Dr Abelardo Aparicio, Departamento de Biologia Vegetai y Ecologia, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado de Coneos 1095 , E-41080 Sevilla, Spain.