DIURETICS Diuretics Are Drugs That Promote the Output of Urine Excreted by the Kidneys
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In Silico Methods for Drug Repositioning and Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction
In silico Methods for Drug Repositioning and Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction Pathima Nusrath Hameed ORCID: 0000-0002-8118-9823 Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Mechanical Engineering THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE May 2018 Copyright © 2018 Pathima Nusrath Hameed All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced in any form by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without written permission from the author. Abstract Drug repositioning and drug-drug interaction (DDI) prediction are two fundamental ap- plications having a large impact on drug development and clinical care. Drug reposi- tioning aims to identify new uses for existing drugs. Moreover, understanding harmful DDIs is essential to enhance the effects of clinical care. Exploring both therapeutic uses and adverse effects of drugs or a pair of drugs have significant benefits in pharmacology. The use of computational methods to support drug repositioning and DDI prediction en- able improvements in the speed of drug development compared to in vivo and in vitro methods. This thesis investigates the consequences of employing a representative training sam- ple in achieving better performance for DDI classification. The Positive-Unlabeled Learn- ing method introduced in this thesis aims to employ representative positives as well as reliable negatives to train the binary classifier for inferring potential DDIs. Moreover, it explores the importance of a finer-grained similarity metric to represent the pairwise drug similarities. Drug repositioning can be approached by new indication detection. In this study, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification is used as the primary source to determine the indications/therapeutic uses of drugs for drug repositioning. -
268 Part 522—Implantation Or Injectable Dosage Form
§ 520.2645 21 CFR Ch. I (4–1–18 Edition) (ii) Indications for use. For the control 522.82 Aminopropazine. of American foulbrood (Paenibacillus 522.84 Beta-aminopropionitrile. larvae). 522.88 Amoxicillin. 522.90 Ampicillin injectable dosage forms. (iii) Limitations. The drug should be 522.90a Ampicillin trihydrate suspension. fed early in the spring or fall and con- 522.90b Ampicillin trihydrate powder for in- sumed by the bees before the main jection. honey flow begins, to avoid contamina- 522.90c Ampicillin sodium. tion of production honey. Complete 522.144 Arsenamide. treatments at least 4 weeks before 522.147 Atipamezole. main honey flow. 522.150 Azaperone. 522.161 Betamethasone. [40 FR 13838, Mar. 27, 1975, as amended at 50 522.163 Betamethasone dipropionate and FR 49841, Dec. 5, 1985; 59 FR 14365, Mar. 28, betamethasone sodium phosphate aque- 1994; 62 FR 39443, July 23, 1997; 68 FR 24879, ous suspension. May 9, 2003; 70 FR 69439, Nov. 16, 2005; 73 FR 522.167 Betamethasone sodium phosphate 76946, Dec. 18, 2008; 75 FR 76259, Dec. 8, 2010; and betamethasone acetate. 76 FR 59024, Sept. 23, 2011; 77 FR 29217, May 522.204 Boldenone. 17, 2012; 79 FR 37620, July 2, 2014; 79 FR 53136, 522.224 Bupivacaine. Sept. 8, 2014; 79 FR 64116, Oct. 28, 2014; 80 FR 522.230 Buprenorphine. 34278, June 16, 2015; 81 FR 48702, July 26, 2016] 522.234 Butamisole. 522.246 Butorphanol. § 520.2645 Tylvalosin. 522.275 N-Butylscopolammonium. 522.300 Carfentanil. (a) Specifications. Granules containing 522.304 Carprofen. 62.5 percent tylvalosin (w/w) as 522.311 Cefovecin. -
Interactions Medicamenteuses Index Des Classes Pharmaco
INTERACTIONS MEDICAMENTEUSES INDEX DES CLASSES PHARMACO-THERAPEUTIQUES Mise à jour avril 2006 acides biliaires (acide chenodesoxycholique, acide ursodesoxycholique) acidifiants urinaires adrénaline (voie bucco-dentaire ou sous-cutanée) (adrenaline alcalinisants urinaires (acetazolamide, sodium (bicarbonate de), trometamol) alcaloïdes de l'ergot de seigle dopaminergiques (bromocriptine, cabergoline, lisuride, pergolide) alcaloïdes de l'ergot de seigle vasoconstricteurs (dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, methylergometrine) alginates (acide alginique, sodium et de trolamine (alginate de)) alphabloquants à visée urologique (alfuzosine, doxazosine, prazosine, tamsulosine, terazosine) amidons et gélatines (gelatine, hydroxyethylamidon, polygeline) aminosides (amikacine, dibekacine, gentamicine, isepamicine, kanamycine, netilmicine, streptomycine, tobramycine) amprénavir (et, par extrapolation, fosamprénavir) (amprenavir, fosamprenavir) analgésiques morphiniques agonistes (alfentanil, codeine, dextromoramide, dextropropoxyphene, dihydrocodeine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone, pethidine, phenoperidine, remifentanil, sufentanil, tramadol) analgésiques morphiniques de palier II (codeine, dextropropoxyphene, dihydrocodeine, tramadol) analgésiques morphiniques de palier III (alfentanil, dextromoramide, fentanyl, hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone, pethidine, phenoperidine, remifentanil, sufentanil) analogues de la somatostatine (lanreotide, octreotide) androgènes (danazol, norethandrolone, testosterone) anesthésiques volatils halogénés -
Health Reports for Mutual Recognition of Medical Prescriptions: State of Play
The information and views set out in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Neither the European Union institutions and bodies nor any person acting on their behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. Executive Agency for Health and Consumers Health Reports for Mutual Recognition of Medical Prescriptions: State of Play 24 January 2012 Final Report Health Reports for Mutual Recognition of Medical Prescriptions: State of Play Acknowledgements Matrix Insight Ltd would like to thank everyone who has contributed to this research. We are especially grateful to the following institutions for their support throughout the study: the Pharmaceutical Group of the European Union (PGEU) including their national member associations in Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Poland and the United Kingdom; the European Medical Association (EMANET); the Observatoire Social Européen (OSE); and The Netherlands Institute for Health Service Research (NIVEL). For questions about the report, please contact Dr Gabriele Birnberg ([email protected] ). Matrix Insight | 24 January 2012 2 Health Reports for Mutual Recognition of Medical Prescriptions: State of Play Executive Summary This study has been carried out in the context of Directive 2011/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 on the application of patients’ rights in cross- border healthcare (CBHC). The CBHC Directive stipulates that the European Commission shall adopt measures to facilitate the recognition of prescriptions issued in another Member State (Article 11). At the time of submission of this report, the European Commission was preparing an impact assessment with regards to these measures, designed to help implement Article 11. -
Comprehensive Screening of Diuretics in Human Urine Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
id5246609 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com AAnnaallyyttiiccaaISllS N : 0974-7419 Volume 13 Issue 7 CCHHEEAnMM IndIIiSaSnT TJoRuRrnYaYl Full Paper ACAIJ, 13(7) 2013 [270-283] Comprehensive screening of diuretics in human urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry Shobha Ahi1, Alka Beotra1*, G.B.K.S.Prasad2 1National Dope Testing Laboratory, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi,-110003, (INDIA) 2SOS in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, (INDIA) E-mail : [email protected] ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Diuretics are drugs that increase the rate of urine flow and sodium excretion Doping, diuretics; to adjust the volume and composition of body fluids. There are several LC-MS/MS; WADA; major categories of this drug class and the compounds vary greatly in Drugs of abuse. structure, physicochemical properties, effects on urinary composition and renal haemodynamics, and site mechanism of action. Diuretics are often abused by athletes to excrete water for rapid weight loss and to mask the presence of other banned substances. Because of their abuse by athletes, ’s (WADA) diuretics have been included in the World Anti-Doping Agency list of prohibited substances. The diuretics are routinely screened by anti- doping laboratories as the use of diuretics is banned both in-competition and out-of-competition. This work provides an improved, fast and selective –tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method liquid chromatography for the screening of 22 diuretics and probenecid in human urine. The samples preparation was performed by liquid-liquid extraction. The limit of detection (LOD) for all substances was between 10-20 ng/ml or better. -
NINDS Custom Collection II
ACACETIN ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ACECLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ACEMETACIN ACETAMINOPHEN ACETAMINOSALOL ACETANILIDE ACETARSOL ACETAZOLAMIDE ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID ACETRIAZOIC ACID ACETYL TYROSINE ETHYL ESTER ACETYLCARNITINE ACETYLCHOLINE ACETYLCYSTEINE ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE ACETYLGLUTAMIC ACID ACETYL-L-LEUCINE ACETYLPHENYLALANINE ACETYLSEROTONIN ACETYLTRYPTOPHAN ACEXAMIC ACID ACIVICIN ACLACINOMYCIN A1 ACONITINE ACRIFLAVINIUM HYDROCHLORIDE ACRISORCIN ACTINONIN ACYCLOVIR ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE ADENOSINE ADRENALINE BITARTRATE AESCULIN AJMALINE AKLAVINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALANYL-dl-LEUCINE ALANYL-dl-PHENYLALANINE ALAPROCLATE ALBENDAZOLE ALBUTEROL ALEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALLANTOIN ALLOPURINOL ALMOTRIPTAN ALOIN ALPRENOLOL ALTRETAMINE ALVERINE CITRATE AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE AMCINONIDE AMIKACIN SULFATE AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE gamma-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AMINOCAPROIC ACID N- (2-AMINOETHYL)-4-CHLOROBENZAMIDE (RO-16-6491) AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE AMINOHIPPURIC ACID AMINOHYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID AMINOLEVULINIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOPHENAZONE 3-AMINOPROPANESULPHONIC ACID AMINOPYRIDINE 9-AMINO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROACRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOTHIAZOLE AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE AMIPRILOSE AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AMOXEPINE AMOXICILLIN AMPICILLIN SODIUM AMPROLIUM AMRINONE AMYGDALIN ANABASAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANABASINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANDROSTERONE SODIUM SULFATE ANIRACETAM ANISINDIONE ANISODAMINE ANISOMYCIN ANTAZOLINE PHOSPHATE ANTHRALIN ANTIMYCIN A (A1 shown) ANTIPYRINE APHYLLIC -
Sample Chapter
LCMS_Chap09 (JB-D) 8/5/06 3:14 pm Page 193 9 LC-MS in doping control Detlef Thieme Introduction adjacent fields with similar analytical prospects, like veterinary residue control (predominantly dealing with identification of growth promoters Definition of doping in various matrices), forensic sciences (the major- ity of doping-relevant substances are scheduled Doping analysis comprises a diversity of sub- as controlled substances in most countries), stance classes with different pharmaceutical and environmental analysis (e.g. steroids in waste chemical properties. Therefore, the discussion of water) or clinical chemistry (e.g. due to the the suitability of liquid chromatography-mass increasing relevance of steroid hormone replace- spectrometry (LC-MS) in doping analysis needs ment therapy). to distinguish various categories. This chapter describes the key fields of appli- According to its formal definition, a doping cation of LC-MS in routine doping control (i.e. violation in sports can be caused by various screening analysis, confirmation and quantifica- events, e.g.: tion of positive results) extra to particular • the detection of a prohibited substance or research activities. The latter are focused on the metabolites or markers of that substance (as intended technical improvements (e.g. extension defined by the recent document [1] of the of detection time windows, reduction of turn- World Anti-Doping Agency [WADA]) in the around times and costs) of conventional analyti- athlete’s specimen cal procedures and, in particular, on the detection • the use of prohibited substances or methods of prohibited substances that cannot be ade- • possession or trafficking prohibited substances quately identified so far (e.g. -
New Prohibited Substances Addition to Procedures Using Triple Quadrupole LC/MS2 Technique
Poster MANFRED DONIKE WORKSHOP Pop V, Bican G, Pop A, Lamor M, Zorio M New prohibited substances addition to procedures using triple quadrupole LC/MS2 technique Romanian Doping Control Laboratory, Bucharest, ROMANIA Abstract New substances are added each year to the different classes of substances of WADA’s Prohibited List and have to be included in the test menu of each accredited doping control laboratory. For the analysis of some of these compounds the technique of choice is the LC/MS2 technique. Furthermore, with the decrease of MRPL levels, for stimulants from 500 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL and for narcotics from 200 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL, beginning from the entering in force on 1 January 2013 of the new WADA Technical Document TD2013MRPL, some of the compounds analyzed by the current GC/MS based procedure for stimulants and narcotics needed to be transferred to the LC/MS2 based procedure in order to lower their limit of detection. This paper-work presents the optimal conditions for preparation, separation and identification of new substances introduced to the LC/MS2 technique based procedures during the year 2012. Introduction Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is increasingly used in doping control laboratories [1]. The current work presents the optimization of the LC/MS2 detection parameters and the introduction of the prohibited substances in the existent procedures, depending on the characteristics of the studied compounds. The studied compounds are benzthiazide, cyclopenthiazide, cyclothiazide, epitizide, hydroflumethiazide and polythiazide (thiazide diuretic compounds), tramadol and its O-desmethyl metabolite (narcotic compound from the monitoring program [2]), cyclazodone, pentetrazole, prolintane, propylhexedrine and selegiline (stimulants transferred from the GC/MS- to the LC/MS2-based procedure due to the decreasing of the MRPL levels for stimulants and narcotics [3]). -
High-Throughput Screening Studies of Inhibition of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II and Bacterial Flagella Antimicrobial Activity
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 5-2010 High-Throughput Screening Studies of Inhibition of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II and Bacterial Flagella Antimicrobial Activity Albert A. Barrese III Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons, and the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Barrese, Albert A. III, "High-Throughput Screening Studies of Inhibition of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II and Bacterial Flagella Antimicrobial Activity" (2010). Dissertations. 500. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/500 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING STUDIES OF INHIBITION OF HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II AND BACTERIAL FLAGELLA ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY by Albert A. Barrese III A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biological Sciences Advisor: Brian C. Tripp, Ph.D. Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan May 2010 UMI Number: 3410393 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Dissertation Publishing UMI 3410393 Copyright 2010 by ProQuest LLC. -
Drugs and Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk: Results from the DARE Study Cohort
Open Access Research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016627 on 16 October 2017. Downloaded from Drugs and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia risk: results from the DARE study cohort Abigail L Coughtrie,1,2 Elijah R Behr,3,4 Deborah Layton,1,2 Vanessa Marshall,1 A John Camm,3,4,5 Saad A W Shakir1,2 To cite: Coughtrie AL, Behr ER, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Layton D, et al. Drugs and Objectives To establish a unique sample of proarrhythmia life-threatening ventricular cases, determine the characteristics of cases and estimate ► The Drug-induced Arrhythmia Risk Evaluation study arrhythmia risk: results from the the contribution of individual drugs to the incidence of DARE study cohort. BMJ Open has allowed the development of a cohort of cases of proarrhythmia within these cases. 2017;7:e016627. doi:10.1136/ proarrhythmia. Setting Suspected proarrhythmia cases were referred bmjopen-2017-016627 ► These cases have provided crucial safety by cardiologists across England between 2003 and 2011. information, as well as underlying clinical and ► Prepublication history for Information on demography, symptoms, prior medical and genetic data. this paper is available online. drug histories and data from hospital notes were collected. ► Only patients who did not die as a result of the To view these files please visit Participants Two expert cardiologists reviewed data the journal online (http:// dx. doi. proarrhythmia could be included. for 293 referred cases: 130 were included. Inclusion org/ 10. 1136/ bmjopen- 2017- ► Referral of cases by cardiologists alone may have criteria were new onset or exacerbation of pre-existing 016627). -
Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Supplementary material BMJ Open Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily <1946 to September 16, 2019> # Searches Results 1 exp Hypertension/ 247434 2 hypertens*.tw,kf. 420857 3 ((high* or elevat* or greater* or control*) adj4 (blood or systolic or diastolic) adj4 68657 pressure*).tw,kf. 4 1 or 2 or 3 501365 5 Sex Characteristics/ 52287 6 Sex/ 7632 7 Sex ratio/ 9049 8 Sex Factors/ 254781 9 ((sex* or gender* or man or men or male* or woman or women or female*) adj3 336361 (difference* or different or characteristic* or ratio* or factor* or imbalanc* or issue* or specific* or disparit* or dependen* or dimorphism* or gap or gaps or influenc* or discrepan* or distribut* or composition*)).tw,kf. 10 or/5-9 559186 11 4 and 10 24653 12 exp Antihypertensive Agents/ 254343 13 (antihypertensiv* or anti-hypertensiv* or ((anti?hyperten* or anti-hyperten*) adj5 52111 (therap* or treat* or effective*))).tw,kf. 14 Calcium Channel Blockers/ 36287 15 (calcium adj2 (channel* or exogenous*) adj2 (block* or inhibitor* or 20534 antagonist*)).tw,kf. 16 (agatoxin or amlodipine or anipamil or aranidipine or atagabalin or azelnidipine or 86627 azidodiltiazem or azidopamil or azidopine or belfosdil or benidipine or bepridil or brinazarone or calciseptine or caroverine or cilnidipine or clentiazem or clevidipine or columbianadin or conotoxin or cronidipine or darodipine or deacetyl n nordiltiazem or deacetyl n o dinordiltiazem or deacetyl o nordiltiazem or deacetyldiltiazem or dealkylnorverapamil or dealkylverapamil -
Guidelines for the Management of Hyponatraemia in Hospitalised Patients
Guidelines for the management of hyponatraemia in hospitalised patients Authors: V Mishra Aims: To provide guidelines for appropriate investigations and treatment of hyponatraemia in hospitalised patients. Normal range Mild Moderate hyponatraemia Severe hyponatraemia hyponatraemia 135-146 mmol/L 130-135 mmol/L 120-129 mmol/L <120 mmol/L Evaluation of hyponatraemia STEP 1: Rule out artefactual causes Is the patient on IV fluids? If so, could the sample have been taken “downstream” from the infusion site? Could the sample have been taken from the same line? STEP 2: Clinical history Check fluid balance to exclude fluid overload Is the patient diabetic? Hyperglycemia may cause dilutional hyponatraemia and increased urinary loss of sodium Correct serum sodium for hyperglycemia (rise in plasma glucose >5.5mmol/L) by using equation given in (Appendix 1) Consider medications (Table 1). In some cases, stopping the medication or changing to an alternative that does not cause hyponatraemia may be sufficient. Monitor sodium concentrations to assess the effects of this management. It may take several days for the sodium to normalise after withdrawing medications Review clinical history for relevant conditions (such as congestive cardiac failure, kidney disease, liver failure, lung pathology) Loss of weight /appetite: investigate for malignancy 1 Table 1: Drugs known to cause hyponatraemia Drug group Examples known to causecause hyponatraemia (other compounds may exist) TThiazidehiazide diuretics Bendroflumethiazide, Metolazone, Indapamide,