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Download (628Kb) European elections, 1979 Polling day in the United Kingdom for • The elections be held at the same will • Northern Ireland w·,11 b t the first direct elections to the European ea I u.,.., time in all countries, within a period mem b er seat with voti Parliament will be Thursday, June 7, from a Thursday to the following Transferable Vote. nn hy S.-.;;,., 1979. Other countries of the European Sunday. Each country will choose to Community (sometimes called the poll on one of these days; but the Common Market) will be voting over the count will not begin until the last • Only those on the normal . • four-day period to Sunday, June 10; polling station has closed. reg, st er ( inc· 1uding peers,~.e,""= • · "' •· and the results should be known early to vote. ·.,. ;><·.,, on Monday, June 11. • Members of national parliaments will These dates were at last decided by the be able to stand for and sit in the European Council ('summit') on April 7, elected European Parliament. • ~ut'. unlike elections to V.e... '.-,..,,.. .. ,. 1978. it ~,.11 be possible for peer!, ,i· , · • ·· The nine Community countries are now ministers of religion to star>''. The arrangements for the elections at in the process of ratifying these arrange­ European level were fixed, in principle, in September 1976. ments and passing the necessary • The Parliamentary Bouno.i·. electoral laws. France, Italy, Germany, Commissions have thetas• ,., ., .,.,.,. .. • The elected Parliament will have 410 the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark and England, Scotland and\\ a•·-. •. · . / members. Luxembourg will use Proportional constituencies. Suggestoa : .. ,--,,.,. .,.· Representation, either with national or for England and Wales,.,,,, . .,; . , ,· • France, Germany, Italy and the regional party lists. Ireland will use the onMay21, 1978;sugm><;T,· :t,, ., .,, ,.. United Kingdom will have 81 seats Single Transferable Vote. forScotlandonJune5 1<.·. ... each; the Netherlands 25; Belgium 24; Denmark 16; Ireland 15; and In the United Kingdom, the electoral Luxembourg 6. arrangements are contained in the • These 'Euro'-cons:,;u,·: European Assembly Elections Act, 1978. of roughly 8 House,.· • The Parliament will be elected for a constituencies gr n,. ·· fixed term of five years (i.e. the • The 81 seats will be distributed: second elections will be in June 1984). England 66 e A final decision '" Scotland 8 will be taken t,, : • For at least the first elections, each Wales 4 probably bef (" country will decide on its own system N. Ireland 3 of voting. • England, Scotland and Wales will be • WestminstP • For later elections, however, a divided into single-member seats, such matte,· common voting system will be with election by simple majority and deposit devised. ('first-past-the-post'). nomination. Parliament's Powers .-·:i-:;_, The formal powers of the European Parliament after the elections will be exactly the same as those of the I ' present Parliament, described in this r, 'r booklet. ( Indeed, the British European t Assembly Elections Act specifically 81 81 81 81 i states that the European Parliament's I powers can only be extended in the • • • • i future if Westminster passes a British •••• •••• •••• •••• l Act of Parliament saying so. •••• •••• •••• •••• l The French legislation on the elections •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• ••• •••• tf. contains a provision to the same •••• •••• ••••• •••• effect. •••• •••• •••• •••• •••••••• •••• •••• •••• f •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• 25 •••• •••• •••• •••• 24 •••• •••• •••• •••• • •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••••HHi •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• ••••ee«H~i What does Who are the Members now? it do? The Common Market h;:is four main The present European Parliament has institutions. 198 Members, of whom the United Kingdom is entitled to 36. ( See diagram.) The Commission makes proposals The Members of the Parliament are for action and, when a decision to act not yet directly elected. Instead, they are has been taken, sees that it is carried nominated by the various parliaments out. of the member States from among their The Council of Ministers is the own ranks - in the case of the United ultimate decision-taking body. It repre­ Kingdom, from both the Commons and sents the national governments. the Lords. Britain's delegation (in May 1978) The Court of Justice is the final comprises 18 Labour Members (12 court of appeal in any case covered by from the Commons, 6 from the Lords), the Common Market treaties. 16 Conservatives ( 12 from the The Parliament's function is to Commons, 4 from the Lords), 1 Liberal exercise democratic control over these (from the Commons) and 1 Scottish institutions and over the legislative National Party MP from the Commons. _ process. ( For individual names see back page.) How does it The Committees work? The European Parliament does not sit in Unlike Parliament at Westminster - but 'investigatory' meetings on particular continuous full session - that would be very like county, district and borough problems, questioning Community impossible so long as its Members also councils in Britain - the major working officials and outside experts - a have national parliamentary responsi­ unit of the European Parliament is the procedure now growing in importance. bilities. Instead sessions are held for, on specialised committee. The committees Committees also make on-the-spot average, one week in each month. work, roughly, on a fortnightly cycle, enquiries into local problems. The These full meetings, however, are and one committee or another is in Regional Policy and Transport only a small - though the most public - session on almost every working day of Committee, for instance, has visited part of the Parliament's work. In order to the year. As in the case of local councils, Ireland, both North and South, to carry out the detailed scrutiny of Com­ this is where the bulk of the Parliament's examine possibilities for regional munity affairs, and to reflect the political work originates: the full sessions are development; and has toured British opinions of the European public, the largely taken up with debates on reports ports and development areas. Parliament is organised in two key ways: from the committees. Like • specialised standing committees; Congressional committees in the United • political groups. · States, the committees also hold special , ~o~ w. I\ -... w; ' Political affairs Legal affairs Economic and monetary Budgets affairs Social affairs, employment Agriculture Regional policy, regional Environment, public health and education planning and transport and consumer protection oww -•cc cc The political groups A visitor to the European Parliament in In addition, there are a few Labour Members headed by John full session will find the Members seated, independent Members. Prescott. not on opposite sides of the Chamber as The larger the group, the greater the at Westminster, but in a continuous E u 0 0 C: ~ say it has in, for example, choosing 0 0 Cl.. 0 .0 "O 0 semi-circle facing the President's chair. Country u V) u w u ::i E f- the chairmen of committees. These This does not mean, however, that there Belgium 5 7 2 14 considerations are also of major is no party system. On the contrary, Denmark 1 4 2 2 1 10 significance in deciding who is to major powers within the Parliament are France 5 10 3 9 9 36 prepare and present reports. wielded by the second key units: the Germany 15 18 3 36 Spokesmen from the political groups . political groups. Ireland 1 3 6 10 have priority in debates. In addition, the organisation of the Parliament's Italy 12 5 15 2 2 36 An official political group within the business - for example, the agenda for Luxembourg 2 2 2 6 European Parliament must consist of at plenary sessions - is determined by the r least 14 Members (or of 10 Members Netherlands 6 5 3 14 'enlarged Bureau' of the Parliament: the provided they are drawn from three or United Kingdom 18 16 1 36 President, the 12 Vice-Presidents l more countries). At present there are Total 18 66 53 17 18 23 3198 (appointed on the basis of party balance) six groups: and the political group leaders. During full sessions Members sit in Each political group has a permanent Communists and Allies these party groups - not in national secretariat based in Luxembourg, who Socialists delegations - with the Liberals, from the help in the preparation of policies, Christian Democrats (People's Party) viewpoint of the President (or Speaker), political research, etc. These secretaria: European Progressive Democrats on the right and the Communists on the are paid for directly out of the European Conservatives left. At present the Socialists are the Parliament's own budget. Liberals and Democrats largest group, including 18 British Emilio Colombo Giorgio Ludwig Egon Geoffrey Christian Jean-Franc. President Amendola Fellermaier Klepsch Rippon dela Malene Pintat Communists Socialists Christian European European Liberals and Allies Democrats Conservatives Progressive and Democrats Democrats The President of the Parliament is The political group leaders are elected by elected for a one-year, renewable term their respective groups The political groups Parliament sits in political groups, not in national delegations: Communists on the left, liberals on the right .. ' ''Community laws Parliament's formal role in the process of European Parliament than at Westminster, 4 Report to the House. The community legislation is for the most where Members usually see draft laws Committee's final report is presented by part consultative. Before
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