Comparing Levels of Crosstalk with Red/Cyan, Blue/Yellow, and Green
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Stereo Capture and Display At
Creation of a Complete Stereoscopic 3D Workflow for SoFA Allison Hettinger and Ian Krassner 1. Introduction 1.1 3D Trend Stereoscopic 3D motion pictures have recently risen to popularity once again following the success of films such as James Cameron’s Avatar. More and more films are being converted to 3D but few films are being shot in 3D. Current available technology and knowledge of that technology (along with cost) is preventing most films from being shot in 3D. Shooting in 3D is an advantage because two slightly different images are produced that mimic the two images the eyes see in normal vision. Many take the cheaper route of shooting in 2D and converting to 3D. This results in a 3D image, but usually nowhere near the quality as if the film was originally shot in 3D. This is because a computer has to create the second image, which can result in errors. It is also important to note that a 3D image does not necessarily mean a stereo image. 3D can be used to describe images that have an appearance of depth, such as 3D animations. Stereo images refer to images that make use of retinal disparity to create the illusion of objects going out of and into the screen plane. Stereo images are optical illusions that make use of several cues that the brain uses to perceive a scene. Examples of monocular cues are relative size and position, texture gradient, perspective and occlusion. These cues help us determine the relative depth positions of objects in an image. Binocular cues such as retinal disparity and convergence are what give the illusion of depth. -
Robust Watermarking for Anaglyph 3D Images Using DWT Techniques
International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-3, Issue-6, June 2015 Robust Watermarking for Anaglyph 3D images Using DWT Techniques Ruchika Patel, Parth Bhatt 3D images section IV deals with proposed method of Abstract— In recent years the trend of 3D movies & watermarking, section V presents proposed method results. projection took a very intensive attention. Anaglyph images are Finally a conclusion will be presented in section VI. easily obtained by super impressive left and right eye images in different color planes of single image for subsequent viewing II. ANAGLYPH 3D IMAGE through colored glasses. Digital watermarking is a popular tool for copyright protection, content authentication, detection of Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D illegal duplication and alteration, and secret communication. In outcome accomplished by means of converting each eye's this paper discrete wavelet transform (DWT) watermarking image using filters of different colors, typically red and cyan. algorithm is used for embedding an image as digital watermark Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently filtered colored on one of the stereo pair images and then combine with the other images, one for each eye. image to form a 3D anaglyph watermarked image. In the reverse process, Deanaglyph is used to separate the two stereoscopic images from which watermark is extracted. Embedding To create an anaglyph image, it is essential to have two watermark either in right image or left image yields more photos taken at the same time the photos should focus the security compared to embedding watermark directly into an same object, moving the camera laterally between 3 and 5 cm anaglyph image. -
HP Indigo 7K Digital Press Press Digital 7K Indigo HP The
Add premium HP Indigo printing and watch your business grow. business your watch and printing Indigo HP premium Add ONE PRESS, ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES. ENDLESS PRESS, ONE truly robust press. robust truly volumes day in, day out with this this with out day in, day volumes offset-matching quality and high high and quality offset-matching automated tools while printing printing while tools automated Simplify production with smart, smart, with production Simplify and over 20 specialty inks. inks. specialty 20 over and the widest range of media media of range widest the and customer satisfaction—with satisfaction—with customer and enables endless applications— endless enables The HP Indigo 7K Digital Press Press Digital 7K Indigo HP The HP Indigo 7K Digital Press Technical specifications Printing speed 120 four-color 8.5 x 11 (A4) pages per minute - two-up 160 color 8.5 x 11 (A4) pages per minute in EPM - two-up 240 two-color or monochrome 8.5 x 11 (A4) pages per minute - two-up Image resolution 812 dpi at 8 bit; addressability: 2438 x 2438 dpi HDI (High Definition Imaging) Line screens 144, 160, 175, 180, 180m, 210, HMF200 lpi Sheet size 13 x 19 in (330 x 482 mm) maximum Image size 12.48 x 18.26 in (317 x 464 mm) maximum Paper weight and thickness* Coated: 55 lb text to 130 lb cover (80 to 350 gsm); Uncoated: 40 lb text to 130 lb cover (60 to 350 gsm); Thickness 3 to 16 pt. (70 to 400 microns) Feeder Four drawers: Three drawers with 6 in (150 mm) each, 1500 sheets of 80 lb text (120 gsm) each One special jobs drawer: 2.5 in (70mm), 700 sheets of 80 lb text, (700 sheets of 120 gsm) A total of 5200 sheets of 80 lb text (120 gsm). -
Power Area Density in Inverse Spectra
Power Area Density in Inverse Spectra Matthias Rang1 and Johannes Grebe-Ellis2 1Forschungsinstitut am Goetheanum, Dornach 2Bergische Universität Wuppertal Abstract In recent years, inverse spectra were investigated with imaging optics and a quanti- tative description with radiometric units was suggested (Rang 2015). It could be shown that inverse spectra complement each other additively to a constant intensity level. Since optical intensity in radiometric units is a power area density, it can be expected that energy densities of inverse spectra also fulfill an inversion equation and complement each other. In this contribution we report findings on a measure- ment of the power area density of inverse spectra for the near ultraviolet, visible and the infrared spectral range. They show the existence of corresponding spectral re- gions ultra-yellow (UY) and infra-cyan (IC) in the inverted spectrum and thereby present additional experimental evidence for equivalence of inverse spectra beyond the visible range. Introduction In his theory of colour, Goethe described the observation that inverse optical contrasts, viewed through a prism, lead to complementary spectral phenomena (Goethe 1970, Müller 2015).1 This observation has been variously addressed and linked to the questions of whether the inverted spectrum can be physically applied (Kirschmann 1917, 1924) and whether the complementarity of spectral phenomena can be generalized experimentally (Bjerke 1961). Particular attention has been given to the problem of inverting Newton's Experimentum crucis, designed to demonstrate the purity of selected spectral re- gions (Holtsmark 1970, Sällström 2010). The philosophical discussion on Goethes theory of colour has been rekindled since Olaf Müller published his comprehensive work on Goethe, Newton and the controversy about colour theory (Müller 2015). -
Spacespex™ Anaglyph—The Only Way to Bring 3Dtv to the Masses
SPACESPEX™ ANAGLYPH—THE ONLY WAY TO BRING 3DTV TO THE MASSES By Michael Starks © M. Starks 2009 May be reproduced provided nothing is added, omitted or changed-- including this copyright notice. SpaceSpex™ is the name I applied to my versions of the orange/blue anaglyph technique in 1993. In fact the Gang Li/ColorCode and some models of SpaceSpex use amber or orange/brown rather than yellow, but they are on a continuum. Like all the bicolor anaglyph methods it is compatible with all video equipment and displays and I think it’s the best of the methods using inexpensive paper glasses with colored lenses. Until someone comes up with a way to put hundreds of millions of new 3D TV’s in homes which can use polarized glasses or LCD shutter glasses, anaglyph is going to be the only way for mass distribution of full color high quality 3D over cable, satellite, the web or on DVD. However the solution I have proposed for Set Top Boxes, PC’s, TV sets and DVD players for the last 20 years is to have user controls, so those with display hardware that permits polarized or shutter glasses or even autostereo viewing or who want 2D can make that choice from the single 3D video file. This is the method of the TDVision codec, Next3D, and of Peter Wimmer’s famous StereoScopic Player (a new version due end of 2009), (all of which should appear in hardware soon) and probably the best stereoplayer of all in Masuji Suto’s StereoMovie Maker, and is being incorporated in most well known software DVD and media players. -
Rendering with 3D Vision Stereo Or Mono: More Case Studies
Outline NVIDIA 3D Vision™ Stereoscopic driver & HW display solutions Stereoscopy Basics Definitions and equations Rendering with 3D Vision What & how to render in stereo mode Issues and Solutions Issues encountered in real games and our solutions gameworks.nvidia.com What does it offer? How it works? gameworks.nvidia.com 3D Movies 120 Hz LCDs Dimensionalized Experience 3D Pictures 3D DLP HDTVs 3D Games 3D Projectors The programmability of the GPU allows NVIDIA to import any 3D data format and decode, convert, or transform the data for viewing on a 3D-Ready displays. 3D Webcast Anaglyph 3D gameworks.nvidia.com NVIDIA 3D Vision Stereo Support GeForce Stereo Driver Vista & Win7 D3D9 / D3D10 Quadro GeForce features Professional OpenGL Stereo Quad Buffer Multiple synchronized stereo displays Multi-platform 3D Vision and many other stereo displays gameworks.nvidia.com NVIDIA 3D Vision NVIDIA 3D Vision Solutions NVIDIA 3D Vision Discover NVIDIA 3D Vision Bundled with select NVIDIA GPUs for a sneak Sold as a complete kit for full HD Availability peak at stereoscopic 3D stereoscopic 3D 3D Glasses type NVIDIA optmized anaglyph (red/cyan) Wireless Shutter glasses Anaglyph with optimized color and image 3D Mode Page flip 120 Hz & checkerboard pattern 3D processing on the GPU Color Fidelity Limited Color Full Color Display requirements All desktop LCD and CRT displays 3D-Vision-Ready displays NVIDIA GeForce GPU GeForce 8 series and higher GeForce 8 series and higher Microsoft Windows Vista Microsoft Windows Vista Operating System Microsoft Windows 7 Microsoft Windows 7 View 3D pictures Y Y Watch 3D movies Y Y Play real-time 3D games Y Y 3D consumer applicaiton Y Y gameworks.nvidia.com NVIDIA 3D Vision How It Works 3D game data is sent to stereoscopic driver The driver takes the 3D game data and renders each scene twice – once for the left eye and once for the right eye. -
Exploration of the 3D World on the Internet Using Commodity Virtual Reality Devices
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction Article Exploration of the 3D World on the Internet Using Commodity Virtual Reality Devices Minh Nguyen *, Huy Tran and Huy Le School of Engineering, Computer & Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, Auckland Central, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; [email protected] (H.T.); [email protected] (H.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +64-211-754-956 Received: 27 April 2017; Accepted: 17 July 2017; Published: 21 July 2017 Abstract: This article describes technical basics and applications of graphically interactive and online Virtual Reality (VR) frameworks. It automatically extracts and displays left and right stereo images from the Internet search engines, e.g., Google Image Search. Within a short waiting time, many 3D related results are returned to the users regarding aligned left and right stereo photos; these results are viewable through VR glasses. The system automatically filters different types of available 3D data from redundant pictorial datasets on the public networks (the Internet). To reduce possible copyright issues, only the search for images that are “labelled for reuse” is performed; meaning that the obtained pictures can be used for any purpose, in any area, without being modified. The system then automatically specifies if the picture is a side-by-side stereo pair, an anaglyph, a stereogram, or just a “normal” 2D image (not optically 3D viewable). The system then generates a stereo pair from the collected dataset, to seamlessly display 3D visualisation on State-of-the-art VR devices such as the low-cost Google Cardboard, Samsung Gear VR or Google Daydream. -
R Color Cheatsheet
R Color Palettes R color cheatsheet This is for all of you who don’t know anything Finding a good color scheme for presenting data about color theory, and don’t care but want can be challenging. This color cheatsheet will help! some nice colors on your map or figure….NOW! R uses hexadecimal to represent colors TIP: When it comes to selecting a color palette, Hexadecimal is a base-16 number system used to describe DO NOT try to handpick individual colors! You will color. Red, green, and blue are each represented by two characters (#rrggbb). Each character has 16 possible waste a lot of time and the result will probably not symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F: be all that great. R has some good packages for color palettes. Here are some of the options “00” can be interpreted as 0.0 and “FF” as 1.0 Packages: grDevices and i.e., red= #FF0000 , black=#000000, white = #FFFFFF grDevices colorRamps palettes Two additional characters (with the same scale) can be grDevices comes with the base cm.colors added to the end to describe transparency (#rrggbbaa) installation and colorRamps topo.colors terrain.colors R has 657 built in color names Example: must be installed. Each palette’s heat.colors To see a list of names: function has an argument for rainbow colors() peachpuff4 the number of colors and see P. 4 for These colors are displayed on P. 3. transparency (alpha): options R translates various color models to hex, e.g.: heat.colors(4, alpha=1) • RGB (red, green, blue): The default intensity scale in R > #FF0000FF" "#FF8000FF" "#FFFF00FF" "#FFFF80FF“ ranges from 0-1; but another commonly used scale is 0- 255. -
Review of Stereoscopic 3D Glasses for Gaming
ISSN: 2278 – 1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) Volume 5, Issue 6, June 2016 Review of Stereoscopic 3D Glasses for Gaming Yogesh Bhimsen Joshi, Avinash Gautam Waywal sound cards and CD-ROMs had the multimedia Abstract— Only a decade ago, watching in 3-D capability. meant seeing through a pair of red and blue glasses. Early 3D games such as Alpha Waves, Starglider 2 It was really great at first sight, but 3-D technology began with flat-shaded graphics and then has been moving on. Scientists have been aware of progressed with simple forms of texture mapping how human vision works and current generation of such as in Wolfenstein 3D. computers are more powerful than ever before. In the early 1990s, the most popular method of Therefore, most of the computer users are familiar with 3-D games. Back in the '90s, most of the publishing games for smaller developers was enthusiasts were amazed by the game Castle shareware distribution, including then-fledgling Wolfenstein 3D, which took place in a maze-like companies such as Apogee which is now branded as castle, which was existed in three dimensions. 3D Realms, Epic MegaGames (now known as Epic Nowadays, gamers can enjoy even more complicated Games), and id Software. It enabled consumers the graphics with the available peripherals. This paper opportunity to try a trial portion of the game, which gives an overview of this 3-D Gaming technology and was restricted to complete first section or an episode various gaming peripherals. This paper will also of full version of the game, before purchasing it. -
RGB Color Nº Color Name RGB HEX # Sample 1 Snow 255,250,250
RGB Color Nº Color Name RGB HEX # Sample 1 Snow 255,250,250 fffafa 2 Snow 2 238,233,233 eee9e9 3 Snow 3 205,201,201 cdc9c9 4 Snow 4 139,137,137 8b8989 5 Ghost White 248,248,255 f8f8ff 6 White Smoke 245,245,245 f5f5f5 7 Gainesboro 220,220,220 dccdc 8 Floral White 255,250,240 fffaf0 9 Old Lace 253,245,230 fdf5e6 10 Linen 240,240,230 faf0e6 11 Antique White 250,235,215 faebd7 12 Antique White 2 238,223,204 eedfcc 13 Antique White 3 205,192,176 cdc0b0 14 Antique White 4 139,131,120 8b8378 15 Papaya Whip 255,239,213 ffefd5 16 Blanched Almond 255,235,205 ffebcd 17 Bisque 255,228,196 ffe4c4 18 Bisque 2 238,213,183 eed5b7 19 Bisque 3 205,183,158 cdb79e 20 Bisque 4 139,125,107 8b7d6b 21 Peach Puff 255,218,185 ffdab9 22 Peach Puff 2 238,203,173 eecbad 23 Peach Puff 3 205,175,149 cdaf95 24 Peach Puff 4 139,119,101 8b7765 25 Navajo White 255,222,173 ffdead 26 Moccasin 255,228,181 ffe4b5 27 Corn silk 255,248,220 fff8dc 28 Corn silk 2 238,232,205 eee8dc 29 Cornsilk 3 205,200,177 cdc8b1 30 Corn silk 4 139,136,120 8b8878 31 Ivory 255,255,240 fffff0 32 Ivory 2 238,238,224 eeeee0 33 Ivory 3 205,205,193 cdcdc1 34 Ivory 4 139,139,131 8b8b83 35 Lemon Chiffon 255,250,205 fffacd 36 Seashell 255,245,238 fff5ee 37 Seashell 2 238,229,222 eee5de 38 Seashell 3 205,197,191 cdc5bf 39 Seashell 4 139,134,130 8b8682 40 Honeydew 240,255,240 f0fff0 41 Honeydew 2 244,238,224 e0eee0 42 Honeydew 3 193,205,193 c1cdc1 43 Honeydew 4 131,139,131 838b83 44 Mint Cream 245,255,250 f5fffa 45 Azure 240,255,255 f0ffff 46 Alice Blue 240,248,255 f0f8ff 47 Lavender 230,230,250 e6e6fa -
A Comparative Study of 3D Endoscopic Tele-Operation Techniques
Advances in Computational Sciences and Technology ISSN 0973-6107 Volume 10, Number 4 (2017) pp. 645-656 © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com A Comparative Study of 3D Endoscopic Tele-operation Techniques Adheed Palliyali Department of Computer Science, Christ University Bangalore, India P.Beaulah Soundarabai Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, Christ University, Bangalore, India Abstract Augmented reality is a technology which uses both real and virtual environments and club them together to form a single view. This is enabled with the help of supporting technical equipment or gadgets. This topic has its reach everywhere, majorly in the field of medicine, technology, education, entertainment and business. This paper focuses on the various techniques and models of 3 Dimensional Endoscopic Tele-operations and compares the majorly available imaging techniques used in 3D Endoscopic tele-operations. Keywords: Aesculap, Einstein Vision, cool light, sterile drape. I. INTRODUCTION In the Earlier years, surgeries were performed with great difficulty, by surgical incision of the patient’s target region with loss of excess blood and concluded with stitches. [1] After the surgery, normally the patients are advised for a bed rest along with medication for a longp er eriod of time as blood lose used to be more and surgical cuts are wider and deeper. In most cases, the patients end up with adverse side effects including somnolence and post-operative pain. The most difficult situation is when the scar marks are left behind after surgery. With the entry of Endoscopic Tele-operation, most of the problems related to post-operative pains have been taken care; including sutures, stitches and staples. -
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