DOCSLIB.ORG

Tuhinga: Records of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tuhinga: Records of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Tuhinga: Records of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa The journal of scholarship and mätauranga Number 29, 2018 Tuhinga: Records of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa is a peer-reviewed publication, published annually by Te Papa PO Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand TE PAPA® is the trademark of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Tuhinga is available online at www.tepapa.govt.nz/tuhinga It supersedes the following publications: Museum of New Zealand Records (1171-6908); National Museum of New Zealand Records (0110-943X); Dominion Museum Records; Dominion Museum Records in Ethnology. Editorial board: Puawai Cairns, Sarah Farrar, Bronwyn Labrum, Sean Mallon, Claire Regnault, Kirstie Ross, Mark Stocker, Susan Waugh ISSN 1173-4337 All papers © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa 2018 Published June 2018 For permission to reproduce any part of this issue, please contact the editorial co-ordinator, Tuhinga, PO Box 467, Wellington. Edited by Mark Stocker Cover design by Tim Hansen Design by Christine Lin Barraud, Big Catch Creative Typesetting by Susi Bailey Tuhinga: Records of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Number 29, 2018 Contents A new species of Pliocene shearwater (Aves: Procellariidae) from New Zealand 1 Alan J.D. Tennyson and Al A. Mannering New locality records for two species of protected weevils, Anagotus fairburni 20 (Brookes, 1932) and Hadramphus stilbocarpae Kuschel, 1971 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), from southern Fiordland, New Zealand Colin M. Miskelly, Alan J.D. Tennyson and Colin R. Bishop Alexander McKay: New Zealand’s first scientific photographer 35 Simon Nathan Rising sun at Te Papa: the Heriot collection of Japanese art 50 David Bell and Mark Stocker Characterisation of Fifteen Sources of Japanese Obsidian: PIXE-PIGME 77 analysis, and identification of archaeological specimens B.F. Leach, S. Oda and J.R. Bird In search of the North Island Archaic: Archaeological excavations at 90 Sarah’s Gully, Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand from 1956 to 1960 Janet Davidson Increasing visitor engagement in a contemporary art exhibit through 165 a participatory activity Edith MacDonald Evaluation of Contraception: Uncovering the collection of Dame Margaret Sparrow 174 Stephanie Gibson Tuhinga 29: 1–19 Copyright © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (2018) 1 A new species of Pliocene shearwater (Aves: Procellariidae) from New Zealand Alan J.D. Tennyson* and Al A. Mannering** * Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington 6140, New Zealand ([email protected]) ** 8 Roswell Place, Christchurch 8042, New Zealand ([email protected]) ABSTRACT: We describe two partial but well-preserved Late Pliocene fossil skeletons from Taranaki, New Zealand, as a new species of seabird. In structure, these bones match those of a shearwater (Procellariiformes: Procellariidae) but the new taxon is distinguished from all known extant and extinct taxa by a unique combination of features. It was a gliding species as large as the largest species of extant shearwater. It represents the first pre- Pleistocene record of a new shearwater taxon from the western Pacific and helps reveal the history of shearwater evolution. Today, New Zealand has the greatest diversity of breeding shearwater species in the world, and the new fossil adds weight to other evidence that shearwaters have a long history in this region. KEYWORDS: Procellariiformes, Procellariidae, shearwater, fossil, Pliocene, biogeography, New Zealand. Introduction shearwaters are sister taxa, and the other large shearwaters are sister to that clade (Austin 1996; Heidrich et al. 1998; Shearwaters are among the most diverse group of Nunn & Stanley 1998; Austin et al. 2004; Penhallurick & Procellariiformes (albatrosses, petrels, prions and shearwaters). Wink 2004; Onley & Scofield 2007). Phylogenetic studies have found the shearwaters to be a The taxonomy of the shearwaters (Procellariidae) monophyletic clade within the family Procellariidae (e.g. is controversial but we follow Dickinson and Remsen Heidrich et al. 1998; Nunn & Stanley 1998; Penhallurick & (2013), who recognised three genera: Calonectris for Wink 2004). Molecular studies suggest that the closest relative the streaked shearwater (C. leucomelas) and the Scopoli’s of the shearwater clade is the Kerguelen petrel Lugensa shearwater (C. diomedea clade); Ardenna for all the other brevirostris, then successively more distantly the petrels larger taxa – wedge-tailed shearwater (A. pacifica), Procellaria, Bulweria and Pseudobulweria, with other procellariid Buller’s shearwater (A. bulleri), pink-footed shearwater genera (prions Pachyptila, blue petrel Halobaena caerulea, the (A. creatopus), flesh-footed shearwater (A. carneipes), great fulmars and the gadfly Pterodroma petrels) being even more shearwater (A. gravis), sooty shearwater (A. grisea) and distant (Nunn & Stanley 1998; Penhallurick & Wink 2004). short-tailed shearwater (A. tenuirostris); and Puffinus for Within the shearwaters, there are three main clades: the smaller taxa. Kuroda’s (1954) pioneering work on Calonectris (470–1060 g); all the other large shearwaters shearwater relationships recognised Calonectris as distinct (320–950 g); and all the smaller (120–575 g) shearwaters and placed all other species in the genus Puffinus, which (the Manx-group and little/Audubon’s complex, as defined he then divided into subgenera: P. pacificus and P. bulleri in by Onley & Scofield 2007). Calonectris and all the smaller Thyellodroma; P. creatopus and P. carneipes in Hemipuffinus; 2 Tuhinga, Number 29 (2018) P. gravis and the extinct P. conradi in Ardenna; P. griseus, pelagornithid taxa, possibly Pelagornis miocaenus from the P. tenuirostris and the Christmas shearwater (P. nativitatis) Middle to Late Miocene (Scarlett 1972; Harrison & Walker in ‘Puffinus Neonectris’; and all the smaller taxa in ‘Puffinus 1976) and Neodontornis stirtoni from the Early Miocene Puffinus’. Using a molecular phylogenetic analysis, Austin to Pliocene (Howard & Warter 1969); another Pliocene (1996) concluded that the Puffinus taxa of Kuroda fell into pelagornithid of unclear affinities (McKee 1985); and a two distinct clades: all the larger taxa and all the smaller mid-Pliocene shearwater skull, also of uncertain affinities taxa (including P. nativitatis, which had previously been (Henderson & Gill 2010). Additionally, a tarsometatarsus linked with P. griseus and P. tenuirostris). Using further DNA from the Late Cretaceous or Early Paleocene may be from a analysis, Heidrich et al. (1998) concluded that the two seabird (Ksepka & Cracraft 2008). clades identified by Austin were not sister taxa, therefore The few seabirds described from the Pliocene of supporting the conclusion that all three shearwater clades Taranaki, New Zealand, are the pelagornithid of unclear should be afforded generic rank. affinities mentioned above and a penguin (McKee 1988), Olson and Rasmussen (2001: 254) noted that ‘the species although mention has been made of several others being of shearwaters are marked by a progression from a primitive, found, including shearwaters (see McKee 1994; Henderson aerially adapted condition (Calonectris) to increasing use & Gill 2010; Worthy & Tennyson 2010: 331). of both the wings and feet for underwater propulsion … Many fossil species of procellariiform have been named in which the humerus becomes flattened, the forewing and the most speciose clade of extinct taxa is the shearwaters shortened … the femur stouter and more curved … and the (Warham 1996; Warheit 2002). Pre-Pleistocene shearwater tarsometatarsus more laterally compressed’. They considered fossils are widely distributed, but are found mainly in that this progression was from Calonectris to the group Miocene and Pliocene North Atlantic and North Pacific containing Ardenna pacifica, A. bulleri, A. creatopus and A. coastal deposits (Warheit 2002). Shearwater fossils of this age carneipes, then to A. gravis, then to the Puffinus taxa. are surprisingly rare in the southern hemisphere, consisting Although New Zealand today is the centre of diversity for of a range of modern or unidentified taxa from South shearwaters, with nine (of a worldwide total of 42) breeding Africa (Olson 1985a,b), the western South American coast taxa (Dickinson & Remsen 2013), the pre-Late Pleistocene (Hoffmeister et al. 2014) and the various unidentified fossils fossil record of Procellariiformes, including shearwaters, from New Zealand (see above). The earliest fossil species in the entire western Pacific is minimal (Warheit 2002; of shearwater globally is Puffinus raemdonckii (van Beneden, Henderson & Gill 2010; Worthy & Tennyson 2010). The 1871) from the Early Oligocene of Belgium, however its discovery of pre-Late Pleistocene fossil procellariiform true affinities are uncertain (van Beneden 1871; Brodkorb specimens in New Zealand can, therefore, add significant 1962; Olson 1985c; Mayr & Smith 2012). Several fossil new knowledge about the history of this group. species of shearwater are known from the Miocene through New Zealand has one of the best fossil records worldwide to the Holocene, with the earliest of these being Puffinus for birds for the Late Pleistocene–Holocene (Worthy & micraulax Brodkorb, 1963, from the Early Miocene of South Holdaway 2002). However, the pre-Late Pleistocene avian Carolina, USA (Brodkorb 1963a). fossil record is poor, apart from penguin fossils and those Here we report on significant new shearwater fossils from from an Early Miocene lacustrine site in Otago (e.g.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wildlife Act 1953
    Reprint as at 7 August 2020 Wildlife Act 1953 Public Act 1953 No 31 Date of assent 31 October 1953 Commencement see section 1(2) Contents Page Title 7 1 Short Title and commencement 7 2 Interpretation 7 2A Meaning of possession 14 2B Application of certain provisions restricted 15 Part 1 Protection of wildlife 3 Wildlife to be protected 15 4 Certain wildlife declared to be game 16 5 Certain wildlife partially protected 16 6 Certain wildlife may be hunted subject to conditions imposed by 16 the Minister 7 Certain wildlife not protected 17 7A Wild animals 17 7B Terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates 18 7BA Marine species 18 7C Farming certain unprotected animals 18 8 Alteration of schedules 19 Note Changes authorised by subpart 2 of Part 2 of the Legislation Act 2012 have been made in this official reprint. Note 4 at the end of this reprint provides a list of the amendments incorporated. This Act is administered by the Department of Conservation. 1 Reprinted as at Wildlife Act 1953 7 August 2020 Wildlife sanctuaries 9 Wildlife sanctuaries 19 10 All wildlife in sanctuaries absolutely protected 23 11 Destruction or seizure of certain animals found in sanctuaries 24 12 Mining privileges, coal mining rights, and public works 24 [Repealed] 13 Seizure of wildlife, etc, illegally taken 24 Wildlife refuges 14 Wildlife refuges 25 Wildlife management reserves 14A Wildlife management reserves 28 14AA Granting of concessions in wildlife sanctuaries, wildlife refuges, 30 and wildlife management reserves Management planning 14B Wildlife areas to be
    [Show full text]
  • Maximizing Offspring Production While Maintaining Genetic Diversity in Supplemental Breeding Programs of Highly Fecund Managed Species
    Conservation in Practice Maximizing Offspring Production While Maintaining Genetic Diversity in Supplemental Breeding Programs of Highly Fecund Managed Species ANTHONY C. FIUMERA,∗‡ BRADY A. PORTER,∗§ GREG LOONEY,† MARJORIE A. ASMUSSEN,∗ AND JOHN C. AVISE∗ ∗Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, U.S.A. †Warm Spring Fish Technology Center, 5308 Spring Street, Warm Springs, GA 31830, U.S.A. Abstract: Supplemental breeding is an intensive population management strategy wherein adults are cap- tured from nature and spawned in controlled settings, and the resulting offspring are later released into the wild. To be effective, supplemental breeding programs require crossing strategies that maximize offspring production while maintaining genetic diversity within each supplemental year class. We used computer simula- tions to assess the efficacy of different mating designs to jointly maximize offspring production and maintain high levels of genetic diversity (as measured by the effective population size) under a variety of biological conditions particularly relevant to species with high fecundity and external fertilization, such as many fishes. We investigated four basic supplemental breeding designs involving either monogamous pairings or complete factorial designs (in which every female is mated to every male and vice versa), each with or without the added stipulation that all breeders contribute equally to the total reproductive output. In general, complete factorial designs that did not equalize parental contributions came closest to the goal of maximizing offspring production while still maintaining relatively large effective population sizes. Next, we estimated the effective population size of 10 different supplemental year classes within the breeding program of the robust redhorse (Moxostoma robustum).
    [Show full text]
  • Latris Lineata) in a Data Limited Situation
    Assessing the population dynamics and stock viability of striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) in a data limited situation Sean Tracey B. App. Sci. [Fisheries](AMC) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Tasmania February 2007 Supervisors Dr. J. Lyle Dr. A. Hobday For my family...Anj and Kails Statement of access I, the undersigned, the author of this thesis, understand that the University of Tas- mania will make it available for use within the university library and, by microfilm or other photographic means, and allow access to users in other approved libraries. All users consulting this thesis will have to sign the following statement: ‘In consulting this thesis I agree not to copy or closely paraphrase it in whole or in part, or use the results in any other work (written or otherwise) without the signed consent of the author; and to make proper written acknowledgment for any other assistance which I have obtained from it.’ Beyond this, I do not wish to place any restrictions on access to this thesis. Signed: .......................................Date:........................................ Sean Tracey Candidate University of Tasmania Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another degree or diploma at any university or other institution of tertiary edu- cation. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is given. Signed: .......................................Date:........................................ Sean Tracey Candidate University of Tasmania Statement of co-authorship Chapters 2 – 5 of this thesis have been prepared as scientific manuscripts.
    [Show full text]
  • Acoustic Attraction of Grey-Faced Petrels (Pterodroma Macroptera Gouldi) and Fluttering Shearwaters (Puffinus Gavia) to Young Nick’S Head, New Zealand
    166 Notornis, 2010, Vol. 57: 166-168 0029-4470 © The Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Inc. SHORT NOTE Acoustic attraction of grey-faced petrels (Pterodroma macroptera gouldi) and fluttering shearwaters (Puffinus gavia) to Young Nick’s Head, New Zealand STEVE L. SAWYER* Ecoworks NZ Ltd, 369 Wharerata Road, RD1, Gisborne 4071, New Zealand SALLY R. FOGLE Ecoworks NZ Ltd, 369 Wharerata Road, RD1, Gisborne 4071, New Zealand Burrow-nesting and surface-nesting petrels colonies at sites following extirpation or at novel (Families Procellariidae, Hydrobatidae and nesting habitats, as the attraction of prospecting Oceanitidae) in New Zealand have been severely non-breeders to a novel site is unlikely and the affected by human colonisation, especially through probabilities of recolonisation further decrease the introduction of new predators (Taylor 2000). as the remaining populations diminish (Gummer Of the 41 extant species of petrel, shearwater 2003). and storm petrels in New Zealand, 35 species are Both active (translocation) and passive (social categorised as ‘threatened’ or ‘at risk’ with 3 species attraction) methods have been used in attempts to listed as nationally critical (Miskelly et al. 2008). establish or restore petrel colonies (e.g. Miskelly In conjunction with habitat protection, habitat & Taylor 2004; Podolsky & Kress 1992). Methods enhancement and predator control, the restoration for the translocation of petrel chicks to new colony of historic colonies or the attraction of petrels to sites are now fairly well established, with fledging new sites is recognised as important for achieving rates of 100% achievable, however, the return of conservation and species recovery objectives translocated chicks to release sites is still awaiting (Aikman et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Jeremy Lyle Curriculum Vitae
    JEREMY LYLE Biography Dr Jeremy Lyle is a Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies. He is interested in the field of fisheries ecology and biology with a particular focus on understanding fish population dynamics, the impacts of fishing on fish stocks and the characteristics of the recreational as well as commercial fishing sectors. After completing his PhD at the University of Liverpool (UK), Jeremy was employed as a fisheries scientist in the Northern Territory where he led a major initiative to develop a shark fishery off northern Australia. From there he joined the then Tasmanian Sea Fisheries Department and later the University of Tasmania. He has worked on a wide variety of commercial fisheries, including offshore trawl, small pelagics and coastal fisheries, as well as conducting recreational fishing surveys over many years. The primary focus of his research has been to understand the impacts of fishing on target and non-target species and provide the science required to support the sustainable management of the fish stocks. Jeremy's research interests include understanding the impacts of fishing activities on marine resources and how these can be developed and managed sustainably. In relation to recreational fisheries, he has a strong interest in the development of cost-effective survey methods as well as understanding the dynamics and drivers of fishing participation and their implications for resource sharing and management. CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Jeremy Martin Lyle Address: Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Private Bag 49 Hobart TAS 7001 Australia Telephone: Work + 61 3 6227 7255 Mob: +61 407 277 426 Email: [email protected] Current situation: Senior Research Fellow, Fisheries Program Academic History University of Liverpool (Department of Marine Biology), England.
    [Show full text]
  • E Urban Sanctuary Algae and Marine Invertebrates of Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary
    !e Urban Sanctuary Algae and Marine Invertebrates of Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary Jessica Reeves & John Buckeridge Published by: Greypath Productions Marine Care Ricketts Point PO Box 7356, Beaumaris 3193 Copyright © 2012 Marine Care Ricketts Point !is work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission of the publisher. Photographs remain copyright of the individual photographers listed. ISBN 978-0-9804483-5-1 Designed and typeset by Anthony Bright Edited by Alison Vaughan Printed by Hawker Brownlow Education Cheltenham, Victoria Cover photo: Rocky reef habitat at Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary, David Reinhard Contents Introduction v Visiting the Sanctuary vii How to use this book viii Warning viii Habitat ix Depth x Distribution x Abundance xi Reference xi A note on nomenclature xii Acknowledgements xii Species descriptions 1 Algal key 116 Marine invertebrate key 116 Glossary 118 Further reading 120 Index 122 iii Figure 1: Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary. !e intertidal zone rocky shore platform dominated by the brown alga Hormosira banksii. Photograph: John Buckeridge. iv Introduction Most Australians live near the sea – it is part of our national psyche. We exercise in it, explore it, relax by it, "sh in it – some even paint it – but most of us simply enjoy its changing modes and its fascinating beauty. Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary comprises 115 hectares of protected marine environment, located o# Beaumaris in Melbourne’s southeast ("gs 1–2). !e sanctuary includes the coastal waters from Table Rock Point to Quiet Corner, from the high tide mark to approximately 400 metres o#shore.
    [Show full text]
  • Species-Specific Basic Stem-Wood Densities for Twelve Indigenous Forest and Shrubland Species of Known Age, New Zealand
    Marden et al. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science (2021) 51:1 https://doi.org/10.33494/nzjfs512021x121x E-ISSN: 1179-5395 published on-line: 15/02/2021 Research Article Open Access New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science Species-specific basic stem-wood densities for twelve indigenous forest and shrubland species of known age, New Zealand Michael Marden1,*, Suzanne Lambie2 and Larry Burrows3 1 31 Haronga Road, Gisborne 4010, New Zealand 2 Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand 3 Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, PO Box 69041, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Received for publication 19 July 2019; accepted in revised form 26 January 2021) Abstract Background: Tree carbon estimates for New Zealand indigenous tree and shrub species are largely based on mean of sites throughout New Zealand. Yet stem-wood density values feed directly into New Zealand’s international and nationalbasic stem-wood greenhouse densities gas accounting. derived from We a limitedaugment number existing of publishedtrees, often basic of unspecified stem-wood age density and from data a limited with new number age- old, across 21 widely-distributed sites between latitudes 35° tospecific estimate values carbon for 12stocks. indigenous forest and shrubland species, including rarely obtained values for trees <6-years and 46° S, and explore relationships commonly used Methods: The volume of 478 whole stem-wood discs collected at breast height (BH) was determined by water displacement, oven dried, and weighed. Regression analyses were used to determine possible relationships between basic stem-wood density, and tree height, root collar diameter (RCD), and diameter at breast height (DBH).
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Section Introduction
    Re-introduction Practitioners Directory - 1998 RE-INTRODUCTION PRACTITIONERS DIRECTORY 1998 Compiled and Edited by Pritpal S. Soorae and Philip J. Seddon Re-introduction Practitioners Directory - 1998 © National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, 1998 Printing and Publication details Legal Deposit no. 2218/9 ISBN: 9960-614-08-5 Re-introduction Practitioners Directory - 1998 Copies of this directory are available from: The Secretary General National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development Post Box 61681, Riyadh 11575 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Phone: +966-1-441-8700 Fax: +966-1-441-0797 Bibliographic Citation: Soorae, P. S. and Seddon, P. J. (Eds). 1998. Re-introduction Practitioners Directory. Published jointly by the IUCN Species Survival Commission’s Re-introduction Specialist Group, Nairobi, Kenya, and the National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 97pp. Cover Photo: Arabian Oryx Oryx leucoryx (NWRC Photo Library) Re-introduction Practitioners Directory - 1998 CONTENTS FOREWORD Professor Abdulaziz Abuzinadai PREFACE INTRODUCTION Dr Mark Stanley Price USING THE DIRECTORY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PART A. ANIMALS I MOLLUSCS 1. GASTROPODS 1.1 Cittarium pica Top Shell 1.2 Placostylus ambagiosus Flax Snail 1.3 Placostylus ambagiosus Land Snail 1.4 Partula suturalis 1.5 Partula taeniata 1.6 Partula tahieana 1.7 Partula tohiveana 2. BIVALVES 2.1 Freshwater Mussels 2.2 Tridacna gigas Giant Clam II ARTHROPODS 3. ORTHOPTERA 3.1 Deinacrida sp. Weta 3.2 Deinacrida rugosa/parva Cook’s Strait Giant Weta Re-introduction Practitioners Directory - 1998 3.3 Gryllus campestris Field Cricket 4. LEPIDOPTERA 4.1 Carterocephalus palaemon Chequered Skipper 4.2 Lycaena dispar batavus Large Copper 4.3 Lycaena helle 4.4 Lycaeides melissa 4.5 Papilio aristodemus ponoceanus Schaus Swallowtail 5.
    [Show full text]
  • The Japanese Samurai Code: Classic Strategies for Success Kindle
    THE JAPANESE SAMURAI CODE: CLASSIC STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Boye Lafayette De Mente | 192 pages | 01 Jun 2005 | Tuttle Publishing | 9780804836524 | English | Boston, United States The Japanese Samurai Code: Classic Strategies for Success PDF Book Patrick Mehr on May 4, pm. The culture and tradition of Japan, so different from that of Europe, never ceases to enchant and intrigue people from the West. Hideyoshi was made daimyo of part of Omi Province now Shiga Prefecture after he helped take the region from the Azai Clan, and in , Nobunaga sent him to Himeji Castle to face the Mori Clan and conquer western Japan. It is an idea taken from Confucianism. Ieyasu was too late to take revenge on Akechi Mitsuhide for his betrayal of Nobunaga—Hideyoshi beat him to it. Son of a common foot soldier in Owari Province now western Aichi Prefecture , he joined the Oda Clan as a foot soldier himself in After Imagawa leader Yoshimoto was killed in a surprise attack by Nobunaga, Ieyasu decided to switch sides and joined the Oda. See our price match guarantee. He built up his capital at Edo now Tokyo in the lands he had won from the Hojo, thus beginning the Edo Period of Japanese history. It emphasised loyalty, modesty, war skills and honour. About this item. Installing Yoshiaki as the new shogun, Nobunaga hoped to use him as a puppet leader. Whether this was out of disrespect for a "beast," as Mitsuhide put it, or cover for an act of mercy remains a matter of debate. While Miyamoto Musashi may be the best-known "samurai" internationally, Oda Nobunaga claims the most respect within Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogenic Habitats on New Zealand's Continental Shelf. Part II
    Biogenic habitats on New Zealand’s continental shelf. Part II: National field survey and analysis New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 202 E.G. Jones M.A. Morrison N. Davey S. Mills A. Pallentin S. George M. Kelly I. Tuck ISSN 1179-6480 (online) ISBN 978-1-77665-966-1 (online) September 2018 Requests for further copies should be directed to: Publications Logistics Officer Ministry for Primary Industries PO Box 2526 WELLINGTON 6140 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 0800 00 83 33 Facsimile: 04-894 0300 This publication is also available on the Ministry for Primary Industries websites at: http://www.mpi.govt.nz/news-and-resources/publications http://fs.fish.govt.nz go to Document library/Research reports © Crown Copyright – Fisheries New Zealand TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Overview 3 1.2 Objectives 4 2. METHODS 5 2.1 Selection of locations for sampling. 5 2.2 Field survey design and data collection approach 6 2.3 Onboard data collection 7 2.4 Selection of core areas for post-voyage processing. 8 Multibeam data processing 8 DTIS imagery analysis 10 Reference libraries 10 Still image analysis 10 Video analysis 11 Identification of biological samples 11 Sediment analysis 11 Grain-size analysis 11 Total organic matter 12 Calcium carbonate content 12 2.5 Data Analysis of Core Areas 12 Benthic community characterization of core areas 12 Relating benthic community data to environmental variables 13 Fish community analysis from DTIS video counts 14 2.6 Synopsis Section 15 3. RESULTS 17 3.1
    [Show full text]
  • Patterns of Flammability Across the Vascular Plant Phylogeny, with Special Emphasis on the Genus Dracophyllum
    Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Patterns of flammability across the vascular plant phylogeny, with special emphasis on the genus Dracophyllum A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of philosophy at Lincoln University by Xinglei Cui Lincoln University 2020 Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of philosophy. Abstract Patterns of flammability across the vascular plant phylogeny, with special emphasis on the genus Dracophyllum by Xinglei Cui Fire has been part of the environment for the entire history of terrestrial plants and is a common disturbance agent in many ecosystems across the world. Fire has a significant role in influencing the structure, pattern and function of many ecosystems. Plant flammability, which is the ability of a plant to burn and sustain a flame, is an important driver of fire in terrestrial ecosystems and thus has a fundamental role in ecosystem dynamics and species evolution. However, the factors that have influenced the evolution of flammability remain unclear.
    [Show full text]
  • New Locality Records for Two Species of Protected Weevils, Anagotus Fairburni
    Tuhinga 29: 20–34 Copyright © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (2018) New locality records for two species of protected weevils, Anagotus fairburni (Brookes, 1932) and Hadramphus stilbocarpae Kuschel, 1971 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), from southern Fiordland, New Zealand Colin M. Miskelly,* Alan J.D. Tennyson** and Colin R. Bishop*** * Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington 6140, New Zealand ([email protected]) ** Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington 6140, New Zealand *** Department of Conservation, PO Box 29, Te Anau 9600, New Zealand ABSTRACT: The flax weevil Anagotus fairburni (Brookes, 1932) and knobbled weevil Hadramphus stilbocarpae Kuschel, 1971 were among the first New Zealand insects to be granted legal protection. Both are large flightless species with narrow host–plant requirements. Their disjunct distributions are probably the result of predation by introduced rodents, with populations of both having apparently been extirpated by ship rats (Rattus rattus) at one documented site (Taukihepa/Big South Cape Island). Within Fiordland, flax weevils were previously known from a single small island in Breaksea Sound, and knobbled weevils had been reported from five outer islands, from Secretary Island south to Resolution Island. We report the presence of both species in Dusky Sound, and flax weevils in Chalky and Preservation Inlets, based on surveys of 134 islands in 2016 and 2017. Signs of flax weevil feeding were recorded on 56 widely scattered islands, with live or dead animals found on seven of these during the limited search time available. A single knobbled weevil was found at night on a small island in the Seal Islands, southwest of Anchor Island.
    [Show full text]