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The Foreign Service Journal, April 1954

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The Foreign Service Journal, April 1954 APRIL 1954 THE INTERNATIONAL WHISKY enjoyed in 62 countries of the world! Enjoy the finest-tasting whisky A Schenley Mark of Merit in the world W liisky SCHENLEY INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION • EMPIRE STATE BUILDING • NEW YORK. N. Y. 5,300 INDEPENDENT TELEPHONE COMPANIES ...A GROWING NATION-WIDE INDUSTRY ...and a growing outlet 1 for ■ TT engineering and manufacturing facilities. Greater capacity for exist¬ ing telephone lines is made possible by the compact and economical “carrier” system of telephone com¬ munications. Carrier can provide as many as 18 ad¬ ditional circuits, superim¬ posed on existing lines without the necessity of Typical of advanced design and performance in dial telephone switching systems stringing more wires. is Kellogg Crossbar, developed by Kellogg Switchboard and Supply Company, Short, medium and long- a division of IT&T, for use in telephone exchanges. Together with Kellogg Relay- range types for voice as matic, as well as Step-by-Step and Rotary dial switching equipment made by well as signal transmission Federal Telephone and Radio Company, also a division of IT&T, Kellogg pro¬ are available. With the vides a complete range of automatic switching systems as well as other equip¬ Kellogg Type No. 5 Car¬ ment and supplies for the independent telephone industry. rier, shown at right, four simultaneous conversa¬ tions may he carried on one wire circuit. The same skill in manufacturing and research builds better performance into products for home, business and industry made by the manufacturing divisions of IT&T—a great American trademark. Microwave radio relay carries telephone circuits over mountains, rivers, deserts, lakes and other difficult terrain without wire lines. Between Bartow and Tampa, Fla., the Peninsular Telephone Co. IT; has installed the first independent telephone company microwave INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CORPORATION link connecting with the nation-wide inter-toll dialing system. The 67 Broad Street, New York 4, N. Y. complete equipment was designed by Federal Telecommunication For information about telephone equipment and supplies, write Laboratories, research division of IT&T at Nutley, N. J. Kellogg Switchboard and Supply Co., 79 W. Monroe St., Chicago 3, 111. APRIL, 1954 DESIGNS AND BUILDS FREIGHT AND TANK CARS TO MOVE GOODS ALL OVER THE WORLD Shippers and railroads in all parts of the world depend on General American for all kinds of freight and tank cars designed and built to make their operations more efficient and profitable. Find out how General American’s 50 years of car-building experience can help you. Write to the Export Division for further information and the name of your nearest representative. Export Division: GENERAL AMERICAN TRANSPORTATION CORPORATION 380 Madison Avenue, New York 17, New York Representatives throughout the world * Serving the Transportation, Petroleum, Chemical and Process Industries 2 FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL published monthly by THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION APRIL 1954 Volume 31, Number 4 CONTENTS page 18 ELEMENTS OF MODERN PEACEMAKING by Louis J. Halle, Jr. THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION by Barbara B. Burn Honorary President 24 SNOWY MOUNTAIN PROJECT JOHN FOSTER DULLES, Secretary of State Honorary Vice-Presidents 26 CUSHING MISSION TO CHINA by Paul Miller THE UNDER SECRETARIES OF STATE THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARIES OF STATE THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF STATE 29 A VICE CONSUL WITHOUT A CONSULATE THE COUNSELOR by Howard C. Thomas, Jr. THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOHN D. HICKERSON, President EDWARD T. WAILES, Vice-President 33 WHY DIPLOMATS DON’T BEHAVE LIKE HUMAN BARBARA P. CHALMERS, Executive Secretary BEINGS by The Honorable John M. Cabot board of directors ANDREW B. FOSTER, Chairman 36 FOREIGN SERVICE STAFF CORPS PROMOTIONS V. LANSING COLLINS, JR., Vice-Chairman TYLER THOMPSON PARKER T. HART 53 PUBLIC COMMITTEE ON PERSONNEL PHILIP W. BONSAL Alternates ROBERT F. WOODWARD departments WILLIAM C. BURDETT, JR., Assistant Sec.-Treas. Miss MARGARET P. HAYS, Secretary-Treasurer 4 LETTERS TO THE EDITORS ROLLIE H. WHITE, JR. 12 TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO by James B. Stewart journal editorial board RAY L. THURSTON, Chairman 17 NEWS TO THE FIELD by Lois Perry Jones Louis J. HALLE, JR. CHARLES F. KNOX, JR. 30 SERVICE GLIMPSES EDMUND GULLION RICHARD A. POOLE 32 EDITORIALS LEE E. METCALF The Secretary’s Public Committee on Personnel EDWARD J. MULCAHY LOIS PERRY JONES, Managing Editor Between the Conferences GEORGE BUTLER, Business Manager A Note on Organizational Changes JANE D. FISHBURNE, Circulation Manager and Editorial Assistant 38 NEWS FROM THE FIELD 42 THE BOOKSHELF—Francis C. deWolf, Review Editor The AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION is an unofficial and voluntary association of the members, Stanley D. Metzger Richard Straus active and retired, of The Foreign Seri ice of the United States and L'te Department of State. The As¬ sociation was formed for the purpose of fostering 43 AMONG OUR CONTRIBUTORS esprit de corps among members of the Foreign Service and to establish a center around which might be 60 FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES grouped the united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. The FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL is not official and 60 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS material appearing herein represents only personal opinions, and is not intended in any way to indicate the official views of the Department of State or of the Foreign Service as a whole. The Editors will consider all articles submitted. If accepted, the author will be paid a minimum of one cent a word on publication. Photographs ac¬ companying articles will, if accepted, bp purchased at one dollar each. Five dollars is paid for cover pictures. Reports from the Field, although not paid for, are eligible for each month’s $15 Story-of-the- Month Contest. COVER PICTURE: The Jefferson Memorial in cherry Copyright, 1954, by the American Foreign Service blossom time. Photo from Amerika magazine. Association. Issued monthly at the rate of $3.00 a year, 25 cents a copy, by the American Foreign Service Association, 1908 G Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington, D. C;. under the Act of March 3, 1879. Printed in U.S.A. by Monumental Printing Com¬ pany, Baltimore. FRANCIS SCOTT KEY APARTMENT HOTEL 600 - 20th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. ttJjjLKA. "W NAtional 8-5425 Pseudonyms may be used only if your letter includes your correct name and address. Why Foreign Service Personnel prefer the Francis Scott Key Hotel: TO NEW RECRUITS (1) It Is only two blocks from the State Department Washington, D. C. (2) It offers family accommodations (3) One room, kitchen and bath, completely furnished February 15, 1954 apartments, air conditioned To the Editors, (4) Coffee shop and excellent food FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL: (5) Reasonable rates—$5.00 to $8.00 double I think you will be interested in the following exchange of CAPT. & MRS. MARSHALL McKIBBIN, Mgrs. letters between a student colleague and myself. My colleague wrote me as follows: “Although we have never been introduced, I prefer to Serving the Men’s Wear remember you as a distinguished classmate. I was a Needs of the Depart¬ member of the graduating class at Brown University in ment of State and the 1952 when you received an honorary degree. At that time Foreign Service I was one of the Commencement speakers. Shortly there¬ For Over 50 Years after, Dr. Bigelow requested a copy of my address to forward to your information officers in Korea. It is my 'IV askable” hope that the copy arrived. “During the past two years I have been continuing my HASPEL SEERSUCKER-PALM BEACH interest in International Affairs at the Fletcher School of In Stock the Year ’Round Law and Diplomacy where I am currently specializing in ARROW — MANHATTAN — VAN HEUSEN Economic Relations. My academic career will soon con¬ McGREGOR clude, and in looking toward the future I have thought HENRY J. GOODMAN & CO. seriously of the Foreign Service. I passed the written 1707 Pennsylvania Ave., N. W., Washington 6, D. C. exams last September, and expect to take the orals some¬ time this spring or summer. “In the past year my interest in the Foreign Service has been jarred (though not quite disjointed), by certain FOREIGN DEPARTMENT disquieting reports I’ve gathered from present and former THE MCLAUGHLIN COMPANY officers and from publications. In essence these discon¬ 1121 - 15th Street, N. W„ Washington 5, D. C. certing reports concern: a lack of freedom for objective Phone: Columbia 5-7500 Cable: MACOPLA appraisal, reporting and recommendation on conditions at one’s post, and a lack of security and opportunity for pro¬ Warlne and (generald)in Mi ran ce motion on merit. Some of these objections were neatly summarized in the recent widely publicized letter of the five former diplomats to the New York Times. If my pic¬ Ivin derwri ter A ture appears too black, I must add that not all the reports Personal Property —Accident and Sickness were so discouraging: many of the advantages of the Automobile — Marine ■—- Casualty -— Fire Foreign Service w7ere also included. “Dedicated, to providing dollar insurance to “I can think of no one better qualified to offer guidance Americans and American business abroad” than you, and if your schedule will permit it, I would sincerely appreciate your views and advice on a career in the Foreign Service, as a guide to one who feels it is the spot wherein he can best make a contribution, but is not sure he’ll have the chance to do this effectively. “Thank you for your kind attention.” Members of the American Foreign Service I replied: can depend upon this firm promptly to fill orders for Engraved cards, Invitations, “I have your letter of January 24 informing me that you Stationery, etc. are seriouslv looking towards the Foreign Service as a career, hut that in the past year your interest has been ^RetOGDD jarred by disctuieting renorts concerning a lack of free¬ dom for objective appraisal, reporting and recommenda¬ ENGRAVERS tion on conditions at one’s post and a lack of security and to Washington s Most Distinguished Residents opportunity for promotion on merit.
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