Equine Science Equinecountdown Science Chapter 6 Equine Science

Countdown Chapter 6 Equine Science EquineCountdown Science Chapter 6 Equine Science

Contents Horse Breeds ...... 1 Horse Parts (Beginner)...... 3 Horse Parts (Advanced)...... 5 Horse Feet and Leg Structure ...... 7 How to Read a Feed Tag...... 9

Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student Lift-Off 6–11 Equine Science Fill in the Blanks Horse Breeds In this activity you will: Read the descriptions and fill in the blanks with the breed names. • become familiar with horse breeds. 1. This breed originated in Kentucky and comes in many colors. It is known for its great style and animation, under saddle and in fine harness. ______2. The ancestors of this breed originated in Fergana, Central Asia. Colors are most often variable over the loin and hips with dark spots. Eyes are typically encircled by white, their skin is mottled, and hooves have vertical stripes. ______3. This breed originated in Arabia. Typical colors include bay, gray, and chestnut, and their skin is always dark. They are known for their refined heads, great endurance, and gay way of going. ______4. Originating in Belgium, this breed is predominantly sorrels and chestnuts, often with flaxen mane and tail. They do not have feathers. ______5. This breed originated in the United States. Their body is usually a shade of yellow, with dark brown, black, red, or flaxen points. Red, grulla, or those with white points must have a dorsal stripe. ______6. Originating in Austria, this breed are usually sorrel with flaxen manes and tails. They are between 50 and 59 inches tall. ______7. This breed originated in the United States, New England area. They usually come in bay, brown, black, or chestnut but do not often have extensive white markings. They are known to be easy keepers and have docile temperaments. ______8. Originating in the United States, this spotted horse is a combination of white and any other color. There are usually two distinct color patterns, but animals with Appaloosa characteristics or breeding are not allowed in the registry. ______9. This breed originated in the United States and is known to be well muscled and powerfully built. Chestnut, sorrel, bay, and dun are the most common colors. Others can be registered though excessive white is a disqualification. ______10. Originating in Tennessee, these horses come in all colors. White markings on the face and legs are common. They have a unique way of moving called a running walk. ______11. This breed originated in England and is often used in racing or jumping. They come in many colors, though roans and grays are less common. White markings are common. They are known for their fineness of conformation and long straight, well- muscled legs. ______12. This pony originated in Wales and can be any color except piebald or skewbald. Often used as a children’s mount, this pony is very versatile and can be shown under saddle on the flat or jumping, or can be shown in harness. ______Reference: 4-H 172, Basic Horse Science, pp. 6–9; and Horse Learning Laboratory Kit. The Horse Learning Laboratory Kit contains breed photos, trait descriptions, and breed name labels which are helpful but not necessary for this exercise. Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student Lift-Off 6–1 Equine Science Fill in the Blanks—Key Horse Breeds In this activity you will: Read the descriptions and fill in the blanks with the breed names. • become familiar with horse breeds. 1. This breed originated in Kentucky and comes in many colors. It is known for its great style and animation, under saddle and in fine harness. ______American Saddlebred 2. The ancestors of this breed originated in Fergana, Central Asia. Colors are most often variable over the loin and hips with dark spots. Eyes are typically encircled by white, their skin is mottled, and hooves have vertical stripes. ______Appaloosa 3. This breed originated in Arabia. Typical colors include bay, gray, and chestnut, and their skin is always dark. They are known for their refined heads, great endurance, and gay way of going. ______Arabian 4. Originating in Belgium, this breed is predominantly sorrels and chestnuts, often with flaxen mane and tail. They do not have feathers. ______Belgian 5. This breed originated in the United States. Their body is usually a shade of yellow, with dark brown, black, red, or flaxen points. Red, grulla, or those with white points must have a dorsal stripe. ______Buckskin 6. Originating in Austria, this breed are usually sorrel with flaxen manes and tails. They are between 50 and 59 inches tall. ______Haflinger 7. This breed originated in the United States, New England area. They usually come in bay, brown, black, or chestnut but do not often have extensive white markings. They are known to be easy keepers and have docile temperaments. ______Morgan 8. Originating in the United States, this spotted horse is a combination of white and any other color. There are usually two distinct color patterns, but animals with Appaloosa characteristics or breeding are not allowed in the registry. ______Paint Horse 9. This breed originated in the United States and is known to be well muscled and powerfully built. Chestnut, sorrel, bay, and dun are the most common colors. Others can be registered though excessive white is a disqualification. ______Quarter Horse 10. Originating in Tennessee, these horses come in all colors. White markings on the face and legs are common. They have a unique way of moving called a running walk. ______Tennessee Walking Horse 11. This breed originated in England and is often used in racing or jumping. They come in many colors, though roans and grays are less common. White markings are common. They are known for their fineness of conformation and long straight, well- muscled legs. ______Thoroughbred 12. This pony originated in Wales and can be any color except piebald or skewbald. Often used as a children’s mount, this pony is very versatile and can be shown under saddle on the flat or jumping, or can be shown in harness. ______Welsh Pony Reference: 4-H 172, Basic Horse Science, pp. 6–9; and Horse Learning Laboratory Kit. The Horse Learning Laboratory Kit contains breed photos, trait descriptions, and breed name labels which are helpful but not necessary for this exercise. Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student 6–2 Lift-Off Equine Science Identification Horse Parts In this activity you will: Beginner level: Write in the number that corresponds to the correct part of the • learn the parts of a horse. animal. 32 33 31 30 28 34 29 27 26 25 35 36 24 37 38 39 23 40 41 22 1 21 2 3 15 20 4 13 14 19 5 12 11 6 10 9 18 16 17 7 8 _____ Muzzle _____ Point of Shoulder _____ Point of Hip _____ Knee _____ Coronet _____ Forearm _____ Fetlock Joint _____ Loin _____ Forehead _____ Chestnut _____ Heartgirth _____ Ergot _____ Flank _____ Gaskin _____ Arm _____ Abdomen _____ Crest _____ Hip _____ Hoof _____ Neck _____ Nostril _____ Elbow _____ Face _____ Bridge/Nose _____ Shoulder _____ Chin _____ Withers _____ Ankle _____ Croup _____ Chest _____ Poll _____ Throatlatch _____ Upper Lip _____ Stifle _____ Hock _____ Lower Lip _____ Buttock _____ Back _____ Cannon _____ Barrel Area _____ Pastern Reference: 4-H 175, Light Horse Selection Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student Lift-Off 6–3 Equine Science Identification—Key Horse Parts In this activity you will: Beginner level: Write in the number that corresponds to the correct part of the • learn the parts of a horse. animal. 32 33 31 30 28 34 29 27 26 25 35 36 24 37 38 39 23 40 41 22 1 21 2 3 15 20 4 13 14 19 5 12 11 6 10 9 18 16 17 7 8 _____37 Muzzle _____1 Point of Shoulder _____24 Point of Hip _____6 Knee _____17 Coronet _____5 Forearm _____18 Fetlock Joint _____26 Loin _____33 Forehead _____11 Chestnut _____12 Heartgirth _____8 Ergot _____15 Flank _____20 Gaskin _____3 Arm _____14 Abdomen _____30 Crest _____22 Hip _____7 Hoof _____31 Neck _____36 Nostril _____4 Elbow _____34 Face _____35 Bridge/Nose _____29 Shoulder _____40 Chin _____28 Withers _____9 Ankle _____25 Croup _____2 Chest _____32 Poll _____41 Throatlatch _____38 Upper Lip _____21 Stifle _____19 Hock _____39 Lower Lip _____23 Buttock _____27 Back _____10 Cannon _____13 Barrel Area _____16 Pastern Reference: 4-H 175, Light Horse Selection Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student 6–4 Lift-Off Equine Science Identification Horse Parts In this activity you will: Advanced level: Write in the name that corresponds to the correct part of the • learn the parts of a horse. animal. 1. ______13. ______26. ______2. ______14. ______27. ______3. ______15. ______28. ______4. ______16. ______29. ______5. ______17. ______30. ______6. ______18. ______31. ______7. ______19. ______32. ______8. ______20. ______33. ______9. ______21. ______34. ______10. ______22. ______35. ______11. ______23. ______36. ______12. ______24. ______37. ______25. ______38. ______32 39. ______33 31 40. ______30 28 41. ______34 29 27 26 25 35 36 24 37 38 39 23 40 41 22 1 21 2 3 15 20 4 13 14 19 5 12 11 6 10 9 18 16 17 7 8 Reference: 4-H 175, Light Horse Selection Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student Lift-Off 6–5 Equine Science Identification—Key Horse Parts In this activity you will: Advanced level: Write in the name that corresponds to the correct part of the • learn the parts of a horse. animal. 1. ______Point of Shoulder 13. ______Barrel Area 26. ______Loin 2. ______Chest 14. ______Abdomen 27. ______Back 3. ______Arm 15. ______Flank 28. ______Withers 4. ______Elbow 16. ______Pastern 29. ______Shoulder 5. ______Forearm 17. ______Coronet 30. ______Crest 6. ______Knee 18. ______Fetlock Joint 31. ______Neck 7. ______Hoof 19. ______Hock 32. ______Poll 8. ______Ergot 20. ______Gaskin 33. ______Forehead 9. ______Ankle 21. ______Stifle 34. ______Face 10. ______Cannon 22. ______Hip 35. ______Bridge/Nose 11. ______Chestnut 23. ______Buttock 36. ______Nostril 12. ______Heartgirth 24. ______Point of Hip 37. ______Muzzle 25. ______Croup 38. ______Upper Lip 32 39. ______Lower Lip 33 31 40. ______Chin 30 28 41. ______Throatlatch 34 29 27 26 25 35 36 24 37 38 39 23 40 41 22 1 21 2 3 15 20 4 13 14 19 5 12 11 6 10 9 18 16 17 7 8 Reference: 4-H 175, Light Horse Selection Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student 6–6 Lift-Off Equine Science Identification Horse Feet and Leg Structure In this activity you will: On the blanks, write the letter of the term that corresponds to the diagram below. • identify the various feet and leg structure diagrams. Side view of the rear Front view of the front legs: Rear view of the rear legs: legs: D. Ideal A. Ideal H. Base narrow E. Knock Knees B. Sickle Hocked F. Pigeon Toed I. Cow Hocked C. Camped Out J. Bow/Bandy Legs G. Splay Footed

Reference: 4-H 175, Light Horse Selection; and Horse Learning Laboratory Kit. The Horse Learning Laboratory Kit contains breed photos, trait descriptions, and breed name labels which are helpful but not necessary for this exercise. Prepared by: Cheryl Porr, State Equine Extension Associate, Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker, OSU Animal Sciences Student Lift-Off 6–7 Equine Science Identification—Key Horse Feet and Leg Structure In this activity you will: On the blanks, write the letter of the term that corresponds to the diagram below. • identify the various feet and leg structure diagrams. Side view of the rear Front view of the front legs: Rear view of the rear legs: D. Ideal legs: A. Ideal H. Base narrow E. Knock Knees B. Sickle Hocked I. Cow Hocked F. Pigeon Toed C. Camped Out G. Splay Footed J. Bow/Bandy Legs

GHD C F

A I E J B

GUARANTEED ANALYSIS CRUDE PROTEIN, MINIMUM 10.00% 2. What is the 4th main ingredient (or group of CRUDE FAT, MINIMUM 4.50% CRUDE FIBER, MAXIMUM 7.00% ingredients) in this feed? CALCIUM (CA), MINIMUM 0.20% MAX. 0.60% PHOSPHORUS (P), MINIMUM 0.60% MAGNESIUM (MG), MINIMUM 0.20% MANGANESE (MN), MINIMUM 60 ppm 3. What is the minimum % of Crude Protein in this feed? IRON (FE), MINIMUM 200 ppm COPPER (CU), MINIMUM 50 ppm ZINC (ZN), MINIMUM 120 ppm SELENIUM (SE), MINIMUM .5 ppm 4. What is the minimum % of Crude Fat in this feed? VITAMIN A, MINIMUM 5,000 IU/lb. VITAMIN D, MINIMUM 500 IU/lb. VITAMIN E, MINIMUM 70 IU/lb. THIAMINE (B-1), MINIMUM 7 MG/lb. 5. Does this feed contain salt? INGREDIENTS CRIMPED OATS, HEAT PROCESSED FLAKED CORN, CRACKED CORN, WHEAT MIDDLINGS, MAIZE DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS, DRIED WHEY, CANE MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OIL, L-LYSINE, DL- METHIONINE, CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM CARBONATE, SALT, MAGNESIUM OXIDE, MANGANOUS OXIDE, MANGANESE SULFATE, FERROUS SULFATE, COPPER SULFATE, ZINC OXIDE, POLYSACCHARIDE COMPLEXES OF IRON, COPPER, ZINC, AND MANGANESE, COBALT SULFATE, ETHYLENEDIAMINE DIHYDRIODIDE, SODIUM SELENITE, VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENT, VITAMIN D-3 SUPPLEMENT, VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENT, THIAMINE MONONITRATE, RIBOFLAVIN SUPPLEMENT, NIACIN SUPPLEMENT, BIOTIN, D-CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE, CHOLINE CHLORIDE, VITAMIN B-12 SUPPLEMENT, FOLIC ACID, ASCORBIC ACID.

See Back of Bag for Feeding Directions SKILLATHON FEED SOMEWHERE, OH 99999

PreparedPrepared by: Cheryl by: Porr, Robert State Kline, Equine State Extension Equine Extension Associate, Specialist; Animal Sciences; Andrea Auker,Andrea OSU Auker, Animal OSU SciencesAnimal Sciences Student Student Lift-Off 6–9 Equine Science Decision-Making—Key How to Read a Feed Tag In this activity you will: Use the feed tag below to answer the questions. • learn how to read a feed tag.

FEED TAG: 50 lb. (22.7 Kg) Net Wt. GENERIC NUTRITION PERFORMER-10 SWEET HORSE FEED 1. What is the main ingredient (or group of ingredients) Description/Use: A texturized horse feed, formulated to be fed to horses over 2 years old in this feed? when their forage (hay or pasture) is over 50% alfalfa or clover. Crimped Oats GUARANTEED ANALYSIS CRUDE PROTEIN, MINIMUM 10.00% 2. What is the 4th main ingredient (or group of CRUDE FAT, MINIMUM 4.50% CRUDE FIBER, MAXIMUM 7.00% ingredients) in this feed? CALCIUM (CA), MINIMUM 0.20% MAX. 0.60% Wheat Middlings PHOSPHORUS (P), MINIMUM 0.60% MAGNESIUM (MG), MINIMUM 0.20% MANGANESE (MN), MINIMUM 60 ppm 3. What is the minimum % of Crude Protein in this feed? IRON (FE), MINIMUM 200 ppm COPPER (CU), MINIMUM 50 ppm 10% ZINC (ZN), MINIMUM 120 ppm SELENIUM (SE), MINIMUM .5 ppm 4. What is the minimum % of Crude Fat in this feed? VITAMIN A, MINIMUM 5,000 IU/lb. VITAMIN D, MINIMUM 500 IU/lb. 4.5% VITAMIN E, MINIMUM 70 IU/lb. THIAMINE (B-1), MINIMUM 7 MG/lb. 5. Does this feed contain salt? INGREDIENTS Yes CRIMPED OATS, HEAT PROCESSED FLAKED CORN, CRACKED CORN, WHEAT MIDDLINGS, MAIZE DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS, DRIED WHEY, CANE MOLASSES, VEGETABLE OIL, L-LYSINE, DL- METHIONINE, CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, CALCIUM CARBONATE, SALT, MAGNESIUM OXIDE, MANGANOUS OXIDE, MANGANESE SULFATE, FERROUS SULFATE, COPPER SULFATE, ZINC OXIDE, POLYSACCHARIDE COMPLEXES OF IRON, COPPER, ZINC, AND MANGANESE, COBALT SULFATE, ETHYLENEDIAMINE DIHYDRIODIDE, SODIUM SELENITE, VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENT, VITAMIN D-3 SUPPLEMENT, VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENT, THIAMINE MONONITRATE, RIBOFLAVIN SUPPLEMENT, NIACIN SUPPLEMENT, BIOTIN, D-CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE, CHOLINE CHLORIDE, VITAMIN B-12 SUPPLEMENT, FOLIC ACID, ASCORBIC ACID.

See Back of Bag for Feeding Directions SKILLATHON FEED SOMEWHERE, OH 99999