DOCSLIB.ORG

Ground Penetrating Radar Field Evaluation in Angola

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ground Penetrating Radar Field Evaluation in Angola Ground penetrating radar field evaluation in Angola Richard Walls U.S. Army RDECOM CERDEC, ATTN: AMSRD-CER-NV-CM-HD 10221 Burbeck Road, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-5806 Todd Brown, Fred Clodfelter, Jeff Cours, Stephen Laudato, Steve Lauziere, Ajay Patrikar, Michael Poole, and Mike Price NIITEK Inc., 43671 Trade Center Place, Suite 124, Sterling, VA 20166 ABSTRACT Deminers around the globe are still using handheld metal detectors that lack the capability to distinguish mines from clutter, detect mines containing very little metal, or find mines buried at deeper depths. In the southern African country of Angola, many areas and roads are impassable due to the threat of anti-tank landmines. Some of these mines are undetectable using current metal detector technology. The US Army has funded the development of the NIITEK ground penetrating radar (GPR) for detection of anti-tank (AT) landmines. This radar detects metal and plastic mines as well as mines that are buried too deep for handheld metal detectors to find. The US Department of Defense Humanitarian Demining (HD) Research & Development Program focuses on developing, testing, demonstrating, and validating new technology for immediate use in humanitarian demining operations around the globe. The HD team provided funding and guidance to NIITEK Incorporated for development of a prototype system called Mine Stalker – a relatively light- weight, remote-controlled vehicle outfitted with the NIITEK GPR, detection algorithms, and a marking system. Individuals from the HD team, NIITEK Inc, and the non-governmental organization Meschen Gegen Minen (MgM) participated in a field evaluation of the Mine Stalker in Angola. The primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of the NIITEK GPR under field conditions. The Mine Stalker was extremely reliable during the evaluation with no significant maintenance issues. All AT mines used to verify GPR performance were detected, even when buried to depths as deep as 25-33cm. Keywords: Landmine Detection, Humanitarian Demining, Mine Stalker, NIITEK, Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR, Field Evaluation, Countermine, Anti-Tank Mine 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The U.S. Department of Defense Humanitarian Demining (HD) Research & Development Program focuses on developing, testing, demonstrating, and validating new technology for immediate use in humanitarian demining operations around the globe. The HD R&D program receives funding and guidance from the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict (OASD SO/LIC), and the program is executed by the Humanitarian Demining Branch of the Countermine Division within the U.S. Army’s Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD). Beginning in the late 1990’s, the U.S. Army Countermine Division funded the development of the NIITEK ground penetrating radar (GPR) for detection of anti-tank (AT) landmines. The NIITEK GPR is a very wide bandwidth, impulse radar with low radar cross-section, capable of producing clear and precise radar imaging of targets. During Army testing, the NIITEK GPR demonstrated the ability to detect all of the test AT mines with an extremely low false alarm rate. To better understand user needs, the HD R&D program sponsors an annual humanitarian demining requirements workshop that brings together representatives of various mine clearance non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and mine action centers from all over the world. During the July 2003 requirements workshop, representatives from Angola described a low-metal anti-tank mine that they were finding in munitions depots. This AT mine was undetectable using Draft Version 6 Page 1 of 12 Saved on 3-May-2006 at 03:20 PM handheld metal detectors. The NIITEK GPR demonstrated its ability to detect this mine and several other difficult plastic mines at the 2004 requirements workshop. Representatives from Angola expressed great interest in the NIITEK GPR. After the workshop, the German NGO Menschen gegen Minen (MgM) requested that the GPR be deployed to Angola for an operational field evaluation. Initially, plans were discussed to operate the NIITEK GPR in concert with MgM’s Voodoo System – an operational methodology where an armored grader creates a path through a mine suspect area followed by mine detection dogs and manual deminers. The grader would push anti-personnel (AP) mines and most AT mines to the side while clearing vegetation and leaving a smooth path in its wake. This operational concept drove the design of the system that would be used to carry the NIITEK GPR. In the end, the host NGO decided it would be best to trial the system in former mine suspect areas to build confidence in the system instead of starting on a mined road immediately. 1.2 Objectives The NIITEK GPR has successfully completed numerous evaluations at U.S. Army tests sites. The primary aim of this development trial was to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of the NIITEK GPR under field conditions while operating in former minefields in Africa. Data collection in realistic minefield conditions was the second objective. Learning the limitations of the system, gaining a better understanding of real-world requirements and conditions, and determining the potential that may exist for this system to benefit deminers in its current configuration were additional goals of this field evaluation. 1.3 System Requirements and Design One of the most important requirements during the operational field evaluation of the NIITEK GPR was that the carriage platform and overall system were reliable so that the performance of the radar was not affected. The prototype system has been named the Mine Stalker. The Mine Stalker’s original intended purpose was to detect and mark the position of anti-tank landmines in real-time while under remote control along a graded roadway. A scale drawing of the Mine Stalker system is given in Figure 1. The following list contains the key performance parameters that drove the overall design of the system: • The ground pressure of the system should be less than 5 PSI to minimize the chance of detonating an AT mine • 100 meter line of sight remote control operation from within a mine protected vehicle • Remote vehicle start and computer reboot • Vehicle automatically stops and marks the down-track position of every detected target • GPR data and imagery from alarms transmitted back to a remote operator station • Simplified, software interface for reviewing data • Inexpensive test platform that is able to operate on a graded roadway • System development complete within 8 months Figure 1. Mine Stalker system – NIITEK GPR mounted on remote platform The Mine Stalker is designed to carry the 1.2 meter-wide NIITEK GPR. The Mine Stalker consists of a modified riding-lawnmower chassis, commercial remote control hardware, an onboard computer, a path and target marking Draft Version 6 Page 2 of 12 Saved on 3-May-2006 at 03:20 PM subsystem, and wireless Ethernet for data transmission to a remote base station. The base station is made up of an Ethernet access point, high gain antenna, and ruggedized, portable computer. The Mine Stalker’s onboard computer acquires the data from the GPR and runs the detection algorithm. The detection algorithm used during this field evaluation was a pre-screener algorithm that alerts on mine-like objects without discriminating mines from clutter. The algorithm uses 30 scans of data to make its decision before generating an alarm. (Each scan is about 3cm long in the down-track direction.) The 1.2m wide GPR antenna is evenly divided into 24 channels in the cross-track direction. When an alarm is generated, the algorithm reports a confidence value and the alarm location with a down-track position and a cross-track channel number. The down-track position is relative to the marked start point of the system for each lane run. The onboard computer also provides the output commands to the vehicle for status lights and vehicle stop commands, depending on GPR data analysis. The system stops at each alarm and a small window of GPR imagery data and alarm information is transmitted back to the base station. Once the system reaches the end of its predetermined lane (maximum length of about 40 meters based on the amount of onboard system memory), all of the GPR data acquired over the lane is transmitted to the base station for visual review. The Mine Stalker has a water-based marking system with three jets that can be used to leave visible marks on the ground. During the scanning process, the system marks the scanned pathway at regular intervals via the two outside marking jets. This clearly identifies the area of ground that has been covered by the Mine Stalker. Every detected target is marked in the down-track position by the center marking jet as the system comes to a stop. To prevent the system from stopping on top of a detected landmine, there is a 30cm offset between each detected target and its spray mark. 1.4 Field Evaluation Structure The NIITEK GPR field evaluation was split into three phases. The first phase was a blind test in Namibia during early October 2005. The second phase followed immediately after the blind test and consisted of training an Angolan deminer to use the Mine Stalker system. The third and final phase of the evaluation was a series of data collections in several previously cleared mine suspect areas and one in an area where active mine clearance operations were occurring at the time of the evaluation. Both the second and third phases occurred in Angola. 2. SITE DESCRIPTIONS 2.1 General Climate Descriptions The NIITEK GPR field evaluation occurred in October to early November of 2005 in the southern African countries of Namibia and Angola. In this area of Africa, the dry winter months are from June until October, and the more rainy summer months are from November to May.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Angolan Giraffe (Giraffa Camelopardalis Ssp
    Angolan Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis ssp. angolensis) Appendix 1: Historical and recent geographic range and population of Angolan Giraffe G. c. angolensis Geographic Range ANGOLA Historical range in Angola Giraffe formerly occurred in the mopane and acacia savannas of southern Angola (East 1999). According to Crawford-Cabral and Verissimo (2005), the historic distribution of the species presented a discontinuous range with two, reputedly separated, populations. The western-most population extended from the upper course of the Curoca River through Otchinjau to the banks of the Kunene (synonymous Cunene) River, and through Cuamato and the Mupa area further north (Crawford-Cabral and Verissimo 2005, Dagg 1962). The intention of protecting this western population of G. c. angolensis, led to the proclamation of Mupa National Park (Crawford-Cabral and Verissimo 2005, P. Vaz Pinto pers. comm.). The eastern population occurred between the Cuito and Cuando Rivers, with larger numbers of records from the southeast corner of the former Mucusso Game Reserve (Crawford-Cabral and Verissimo 2005, Dagg 1962). By the late 1990s Giraffe were assumed to be extinct in Angola (East 1999). According to Kuedikuenda and Xavier (2009), a small population of Angolan Giraffe may still occur in Mupa National Park; however, no census data exist to substantiate this claim. As the Park was ravaged by poachers and refugees, it was generally accepted that Giraffe were locally extinct until recent re-introductions into southern Angola from Namibia (Kissama Foundation 2015, East 1999, P. Vaz Pinto pers. comm.). BOTSWANA Current range in Botswana Recent genetic analyses have revealed that the population of Giraffe in the Central Kalahari and Khutse Game Reserves in central Botswana is from the subspecies G.
    [Show full text]
  • Sumário Da Situação De Insegurança Alimentar Aguda IPC 2019/20
    Sumário da Situação de Insegurança Alimentar Aguda IPC 2019/20 Partes do Sul de Angola enfrentam grave insegurança alimentar aguda. Insegurança Alimentar Aguda Actual Projectado Fase 5 0 0 422 00o Catástrofe actualmente (Julho a Fase 4 222 000 290 000 Set/19) Emergência Fase 3 562 000 200 000 272 000 projetadas (Out/19 a Crise Fev/20) Fase 2 267 000 193 000 é o número de pessoas na Estresse Fase 3 ou 4 que necessitam Fase 1 215 000 149 000 de intervenções urgentes Mínima Visão geral A seca foi o choque que causou a actual situação de insegurança alimentar aguda. A zona sul de Angola onde se situam as três provincias visitadas (Cuando Cubango, Cunene e Huila) ao longo do inquérito foi severamente afectada pela seca. Como resultado, nota-se a fraca produção agrícola, perda de animais, escassez de água para o consumo humano e abeberramento do gado, perda de bens, deslocamentos de pessoas e animais, tendo afectado os modos de vida. No período actual (Julho a Setembro de 2019), cerca de 422 000 pessoas sao classificadas em IPC fase 3 e 4. As familias en essa fase estão a enfrentar dificuldades no acesso a alimentos ou são capazes de satisfazer apenas as necessidades alimentares mínimas por meio de estratégias de crise e emergência. No período projectado (Outubro de 2019 a Fevereiro de 2020), estima-se que cerca de 562 000 pessoas estarao em IPC fase 3 e 4, e as familias enfrentarão dificuldades no acesso a alimentos ou serão capazes de satisfazer apenas as necessidades alimentares mínimas por meio de Insegurança Alimentar estratégias de crise e emergência.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventário Florestal Nacional, Guia De Campo Para Recolha De Dados
    Monitorização e Avaliação de Recursos Florestais Nacionais de Angola Inventário Florestal Nacional Guia de campo para recolha de dados . NFMA Working Paper No 41/P– Rome, Luanda 2009 Monitorização e Avaliação de Recursos Florestais Nacionais As florestas são essenciais para o bem-estar da humanidade. Constitui as fundações para a vida sobre a terra através de funções ecológicas, a regulação do clima e recursos hídricos e servem como habitat para plantas e animais. As florestas também fornecem uma vasta gama de bens essenciais, tais como madeira, comida, forragem, medicamentos e também, oportunidades para lazer, renovação espiritual e outros serviços. Hoje em dia, as florestas sofrem pressões devido ao aumento de procura de produtos e serviços com base na terra, o que resulta frequentemente na degradação ou transformação da floresta em formas insustentáveis de utilização da terra. Quando as florestas são perdidas ou severamente degradadas. A sua capacidade de funcionar como reguladores do ambiente também se perde. O resultado é o aumento de perigo de inundações e erosão, a redução na fertilidade do solo e o desaparecimento de plantas e animais. Como resultado, o fornecimento sustentável de bens e serviços das florestas é posto em perigo. Como resposta do aumento de procura de informações fiáveis sobre os recursos de florestas e árvores tanto ao nível nacional como Internacional l, a FAO iniciou uma actividade para dar apoio à monitorização e avaliação de recursos florestais nationais (MANF). O apoio à MANF inclui uma abordagem harmonizada da MANF, a gestão de informação, sistemas de notificação de dados e o apoio à análise do impacto das políticas no processo nacional de tomada de decisão.
    [Show full text]
  • Angolan National Report for Habitat III
    Republic of Angola NATIONAL HABITAT COMMITTEE Presidential Decree no. 18/14, of 6 of March Angolan National Report for Habitat III On the implementation of the Habitat II Agenda Under the Coordination of the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing with support from Development Workshop Angola Luanda – June 2014 Revised - 11 March 2016 Angola National Report for Habitat III March 2016 2 Angola National Report for Habitat III March 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 11 II. URBAN DEMOGRAPHIC ISSUES ............................................................................................... 12 1. Migration and rapid urbanisation ...................................................................................... 12 Urban Population Growth ............................................................................................ 12 Drivers of Migration ...................................................................................................... 14 2. Rural-urban linkages........................................................................................................... 16 3. Addressing urban youth needs .......................................................................................... 17 4. Responding to the needs of the elderly ............................................................................. 19 5. Integrating gender in urban development ........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • CHINA -ANGOLA RELATIONSHIP with REFERENCE to the CONSTRUCTION SECTOR by PHILIPPE ASANZI MBEY ATA Report Submitted in Partial
    1 CHINA -ANGOLA RELATIONSHIP WITH REFERENCE TO THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR BY PHILIPPE ASANZI MBEY ATA Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES IN THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROFESSOR GARTH SHELTON JOHANNESBURG, MARCH 2009 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Abstract 5 Chapter one: Why investigate China involvement in Angola 7 Introduction 7 1.1 China in Africa 9 1.2 China: An alternative to the West? 12 1.3 Purpose of the Study 14 1.4 Rationale of the Study 15 1.4.1 Why I have chosen Angola 15 1.4.2 Why is the construction sector interesting? 15 1.4.3 Why is the subject interesting to me 16 1.5 Structure of the study 16 1.6 Research Methodology 16 Chapter two: An historical overview of the China-Africa relationship 17 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Background of China‟s African policy 17 2.3 China‟s African policy during the 1960‟s 28 2.4 Chou En Lai tour in Africa 31 2.5 China‟s African policy during the 1970‟s 37 2.6 China‟s African policy during the 1980‟s 39 2.7 China‟s in Africa in the 1990‟s 41 2.8 Jiang Zemin trip to Africa 41 2.9 Conclusion 44 3 Chapter three: Trade between China and Angola 47 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Pattern of trade between China and Angola 49 3.3 The impact of trade between China and Angola on the Angolan economy 51 3.4 Some lessons to be learnt from the current trade between China and Angola 56 3.4.1 In the short term 56 3.4.2 In the medium and long term 57 3.4.2.1 The agriculture sector 57 3.4.2.2
    [Show full text]
  • The History of the Joint Monitoring Commission from the South African Perspective
    Platform for peace: the history of the Joint Monitoring Commission from the South African perspective http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.rep19850000.035.017.d1.18 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Platform for peace: the history of the Joint Monitoring Commission from the South African perspective Author/Creator Military Information Bureau; South African Defence Force Date 1985-00-00 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa, Angola, Namibia, Southern Africa (region), Southern Africa
    [Show full text]
  • Angola and Namibia Angola and Namibia
    Kuiri F Tjipangandjara* and Carolino Manuel Mendes Co-Chairs: Task Force Calueqe Permanent Joint Technical Commission of the Kunene River Basin: Angola and Namibia Angola and Namibia September 13 – 16, 2009 Place your company logo here (i.e. Hotel de Convenções replace the spintelligent logo with your logo). Your company logo is only de Talatona, Luanda, permitted on the first slide!!! September, 13 – 16, iPAD Angola 2011 ANGOLA Kunene Transboundary Water Supply Project: Angola and Namibia Realizing Water Supply through Diverse Partnership September, 13 – 16, iPAD Angola 2011 Kunene Transboundary Water Supply Project: Angola and Namibia -------------------------------------------------------- Length: 1 050 km Basin: 106 560 km2 Population: ~ 3mill? Livestock : ~ 3 – 5mill? Importance: Tourism Water Uses Agriculture Households Industries Power Generation September, 13 – 16, iPAD Angola 2011 Kunene Transboundary Water Supply Project: Angola and Namibia -------------------------------------------------------- 1. Background to Kunene River Basin 2. Long-term Objectives 3. Partnerships 4. Location and Scope 5. Relationship to Other Projects 6. Challenges 7. Benefits 8. Way Forward September, 13 – 16, iPAD Angola 2011 Kunene Transboundary Water Supply Project: Angola and Namibia -------------------------------------------------------- OBJECTIVE Improve Provision of Water for: Domestic; Irrigation, Industry Formalize Irrigation Off- takes Improve Provision of Sanitation Services September, 13 – 16, iPAD Angola 2011 Kunene Transboundary Water
    [Show full text]
  • Concerned Governments Angola - Mainly Complaints by Angola Against South Africa's Military Attacks
    UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Page 113 Date 06/06/2006 Time 11:29:25 AM S-0902-0005-01-00001 Expanded Number S-0902-0005-01 -00001 Title items-in-Africa - Question of Namibia - concerned governments Angola - mainly complaints by Angola against South Africa's military attacks Date Created 26/02/1979 Record Type Archival Item Container S-0902-0005: Peacekeeping - Africa 1963-1981 Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit / , jl 1 V t L/ •iOV •• .; 138'i No. 134/1981 November 11, 1981 H.E. Dr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary General United Nations, New York Excellency, Attached please find a copy of my communication to the President of the Security Council, which has relevance not only to the sixth anniversary of the independence of the People's Republic of Angola, but also to the aggression Angola continues to face at the hands of the racist apartheid regime in South Africa. The situation poses as serious threat to the peace stability of southern Africa. Accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration. .Isio de Figueiredo 5SADOR PERMANEIS7T REPRESENTATIVE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ANGOLA TO THE UNITED NATIONS Permanent Mission of The People's Republic of Angola to the United Nations 747 Third Avenue (18th floor) New York, N.Y. 10017 (212)752-4612 No. 133/1981 November 11, 1981 H.E. Mr. Taieb Slim President of the Security Council United Nations New York Excellency, Today, 11 November 1981, the Government and people of the People's Republic of Angola, guided by the Central Commit- tee of the MPLA-Workers Party, are commemorating the sixth an- niversary of their declaration of independence and their free- dom from the oppression and exploitation of five hundred years of colonial domination.
    [Show full text]
  • Angola Water Treatment Plant, Cunene - Water Technology 10/30/15, 11:40 AM
    Angola Water Treatment Plant, Cunene - Water Technology 10/30/15, 11:40 AM Water Technology Market & Customer Insight Log In Request Demo About Market & Customer Insight Missing Plug-in Missing Plug-in Missing Plug-in News, views and contacts from the global Water industry Enter Keyword Search Home Products & Services Company A - Z Projects Features Videos White Papers News Events Advertise With Us Report Store Angola Water Treatment Plant, Cunene, Angola 9 Key Data The Angola Water Treatment Plant (WTP), which started operations in February 2014, supplies water from Xangongo to Ondjiva, located in the province of Cunene in southern Angola. The WTP was built to meet the water needs of the Ondjiva region, which has been facing a major drought for the past two years. The plant runs throughout the year and has a capacity to treat 24.4 million litres of water per day. The project was undertaken by the Ministry of Energy and Water, to provide fresh http://www.water-technology.net/projects/angola-water-treatment-plant-cunene/ Page 1 of 4 Angola Water Treatment Plant, Cunene - Water Technology 10/30/15, 11:40 AM drinking water to approximately 250,000 people of the Cunene province. A joint-venture (JV) between Befesa, the environmental services subsidiary of Abengoa, and Riogersa, a subsidiary of Eurofinsa, was the main contractor for the construction of the plant. The JV was awarded the contract for building a treatment plant and a production system by the Ministry of Energy and Water through its National Water Directorate (NWD). Total cost of the project was estimated at $101m, which was financed by Deutsche Bank as per the arrangement with the Ministry of Finance.
    [Show full text]
  • Namibia and Angola: Analysis of a Symbiotic Relationship Hidipo Hamutenya*
    Namibia and Angola: Analysis of a symbiotic relationship Hidipo Hamutenya* Introduction Namibia and Angola have much in common, but, at the same time, they differ greatly. For example, both countries fought colonial oppression and are now independent; however, one went through civil war, while the other had no such experience. Other similarities include the fact that the former military groups (Angola’s Movimiento Popular para la Liberacão de Angola, or MPLA, and Namibia’s South West Africa People’s Organisation, or SWAPO) are now in power in both countries. At one time, the two political movements shared a common ideological platform and lent each other support during their respective liberation struggles. The two countries are also neighbours, with a 1,376-km common border that extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Zambezi River in the west. Families and communities on both sides of the international boundary share resources, communicate, trade and engage in other types of exchange. All these facts point to a relationship between the two countries that goes back many decades, and continues strongly today. What defines this relationship and what are the crucial elements that keep it going? Angola lies on the Atlantic coast of south-western Africa. It is richly endowed with natural resources and measures approximately 1,246,700 km2 in land surface area. Populated with more than 14 million people, Angola was a former Portuguese colony. Portuguese explorers first came to Angola in 1483. Their conquest and exploitation became concrete when Paulo Dias de Novais erected a colonial settlement in Luanda in 1575.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 15 the Mammals of Angola
    Chapter 15 The Mammals of Angola Pedro Beja, Pedro Vaz Pinto, Luís Veríssimo, Elena Bersacola, Ezequiel Fabiano, Jorge M. Palmeirim, Ara Monadjem, Pedro Monterroso, Magdalena S. Svensson, and Peter John Taylor Abstract Scientific investigations on the mammals of Angola started over 150 years ago, but information remains scarce and scattered, with only one recent published account. Here we provide a synthesis of the mammals of Angola based on a thorough survey of primary and grey literature, as well as recent unpublished records. We present a short history of mammal research, and provide brief information on each species known to occur in the country. Particular attention is given to endemic and near endemic species. We also provide a zoogeographic outline and information on the conservation of Angolan mammals. We found confirmed records for 291 native species, most of which from the orders Rodentia (85), Chiroptera (73), Carnivora (39), and Cetartiodactyla (33). There is a large number of endemic and near endemic species, most of which are rodents or bats. The large diversity of species is favoured by the wide P. Beja (*) CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal CEABN-InBio, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada “Professor Baeta Neves”, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] P. Vaz Pinto Fundação Kissama, Luanda, Angola CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] L. Veríssimo Fundação Kissama, Luanda, Angola e-mail: [email protected] E.
    [Show full text]
  • Plano De Urbanização Da Cidade De Ondjiva
    Plano de Urbanização da Cidade de Ondjiva VOLUME I Caracterização Biofísica república de angola governo da província do kunene FICHA TÉCNICA PROMOTOR DO PROJECTO Governo da Província do Kunene – Gabinete de Estudos, Planeamento e Estatística ELABORAÇÃO SINFIC, SARL COORDENAÇÃO GERAL Luís Miguel Veríssimo EQUIPA DE TRABALHO Componente Biofísica Luís Miguel Veríssimo Componente Sócio-Económica Cristina Odelsman Rodrigues, População e Actividades Económicas Rute Gabriel Saraiva, Equipamentos Colectivos Componente Arquitectura/Urbanismo Joana Rosa Aleixo Pedro Leone Rodrigo Componente Infraestruturas José Silva Graça, Coordenador Geral Infraestruturas José Mello Vieira, Coordenador e Infraestruturas de Abastecimento de Água Maria Inês Sousa, Infraestruturas de Abastecimento de Água Manuel Ferreira de Almeida, Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos Augusto Marques Costa, Captações Subterrêneas José Silva Cardoso, Infraestruturas Eléctricas José Mendes Correia, Infraestruturas Telecomunicações Componente SIG Luís Miguel Veríssimo Maria Carlos Santos Levantamentos Topográficos Eduardo Seco Lopes Paulo Lusitano Ferreira CONSULTORES Eleonora Lopes Henriques DESIGN GRÁFICO Bárbara Costa Cabral Atelier ENTIDADES ENVOLVIDAS Administração Comunal de Ondjiva Administração Municipal do Kwanhama Administrações de Bairro da Cidade de Ondjiva Angola Telecom Comando Provincial de Polícia Diocese de Ondjiva Direcção Provincial da Administração Pública, Emprego e Segurança Social Direcção Provincial de Agricultura, Pescas e Ambiente Direcção Provincial do Comércio, Industria,
    [Show full text]