Appendix B Landscape Assessment of the Puncheon Run Site
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Chapter 2 Delaware's Wildlife Habitats
CHAPTER 2 DELAWARE’S WILDLIFE HABITATS 2 - 1 Delaware Wildlife Action Plan Contents Chapter 2, Part 1: DELAWARE’S ECOLOGICAL SETTING ................................................................. 8 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 9 Delaware Habitats in a Regional Context ..................................................................................... 10 U.S. Northeast Region ............................................................................................................. 10 U.S. Southeast Region .............................................................................................................. 11 Delaware Habitats in a Watershed Context ................................................................................. 12 Delaware River Watershed .......................................................................................................13 Chesapeake Bay Watershed .....................................................................................................13 Inland Bays Watershed ............................................................................................................ 14 Geology and Soils ......................................................................................................................... 17 Soils .......................................................................................................................................... 17 EPA -
SP20 Delaware Piedmont Geology
Delaware Piedmont Geology including a guide to the rocks of Red Clay Valley RESEARCH DELAWARE SERVICEGEOLOGICAL SURVEY EXPLORATION Delaware Geological Survey University of Delaware Special Publication No. 20 By Margaret O. Plank and William S. Schenck 106/1500/298/C Delaware Piedmont Geology Including a guide to the rocks of Red Clay Valley Delaware Geological Survey University of Delaware Special Publication No. 20 Margaret O. Plank and William S. Schenck 1998 Contents FOREWORD . v INTRODUCTION . vii Acknowledgments . viii BASIC FACTS ABOUT ROCKS . 1–13 Our Earth . 1 Crust . 1 Mantle . 2 Core. 2 Plate Tectonics . 3 Minerals . 5 Rocks . 6 Igneous Rocks . 6 Sedimentary Rocks. 8 Metamorphic Rocks . 9 Deformation. 11 Time . 12 READING THE ROCKS: A HISTORY OF THE DELAWARE PIEDMONT . 15–29 Geologic Setting . 15 Piedmont . 15 Fall Line. 17 Atlantic Coastal Plain. 17 Rock Units of the Delaware Piedmont . 20 Wilmington Complex . 20 Wissahickon Formation . 21 Setters Formation & Cockeysville Marble . 22 Geologic Map for Reference . 23 Baltimore Gneiss . 24 Deformation in the Delaware Piedmont . 24 The Piedmont and Plate Tectonics . 27 Red Clay Valley: Table of Contents iii A GUIDE TO THE ROCKS ALONG THE TRACK . 31–54 Before We Begin . 31 Geologic Points of Interest . 31 A Southeast of Greenbank . 35 B Workhouse Quarry at Greenbank. 36 C Red Clay Creek and Brandywine Springs Park . 36 D Brandywine Springs to Faulkland Road . 38 E Hercules Golf Course . 39 F Rock Cut at Wooddale . 40 G Wissahickon Formation at Wooddale. 43 H Quarries at Wooddale. 43 I Red Clay Creek Flood Plain . 44 J Mount Cuba . 44 K Mount Cuba Picnic Grove . -
Wetlands of Delaware
SE M3ER 985 U.s. - artm nt of h - n erior S ate of D lawa FiSh and Wildlife Service Department of Natural Resourc and Enviro mental Con ra I WETLANDS OF DELAWARE by Ralph W. Tiner, Jr. Regional Wetland Coordinator Habitat Resources U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5 Newton Corner, MA 02158 SEPTEMBER 1985 Project Officer David L. Hardin Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control Wetlands Section State of Delaware 89 Kings Highway Dover, DE 19903 Cooperative Publication U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Delaware Department of Natural Region 5 Resources and Environmental Habitat Resources Control One Gateway Center Division of Environmental Control Newton Corner, MA 02158 89 Kings Highway Dover, DE 19903 This report should be cited as follows: Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory, Newton Corner, MA and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section, Dover, DE. Cooperative Publication. 77 pp. Acknowledgements Many individuals have contributed to the successful completion of the wetlands inventory in Delaware and to the preparation of this report. The Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section contributed funds for wetland mapping and database construction and printed this report. David Hardin served as project officer for this work and offered invaluable assistance throughout the project, especially in coor dinating technical review of the draft report and during field investigations. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Philadelphia District also provided funds for map production. William Zinni and Anthony Davis performed wetland photo interpretation and quality control of draft maps, and reviewed portions of this report. -
Groundwater Mixing, Nutrient Diagenesis, and Discharges Across a Sandy Beachface, Cape Henlopen, Delaware (USA)
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 57 (2003) 539–552 Groundwater mixing, nutrient diagenesis, and discharges across a sandy beachface, Cape Henlopen, Delaware (USA) William J. Ullmana,*, Bonnie Changa,b,c,1, Douglas C. Millera, John A. Madsend aCollege of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, 700 Pilottown Road, Lewes, DE 19958-1298, USA bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA cDepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA dDepartment of Geology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA Received 23 May 2002; received in revised form 21 October 2002; accepted 23 October 2002 Abstract Groundwater and associated nutrients discharge from the beachface to the Delaware Estuary at Cape Henlopen, Delaware, and appear to contribute significantly to the ecological structure of the adjacent intertidal and subtidal benthic communities. The cross- sectional distributions of salinity and nutrient concentrations at one seepage site indicate that there are two distinct groundwater masses that mix with seawater in the sandy beachface during discharge. The dissolved nutrient concentrations in the beachface at this site are substantially higher than those found in the adjacent estuarine surface water. Nutrient concentrations and distribution in the beachface water reflect: (1) the discharge of nutrient-rich upland water; (2) mixing between nutrient-rich groundwater and estuarine water; and (3) diagenetic recycling of estuarine organic material in the beachface mixing zone. Simple mixing and hydrological models are used to determine the relative magnitude of upland and diagenetic contributions and to estimate absolute nutrient discharges across the beachface. Nutrient fluxes during the summer at this site are sufficient to support carbon fixation rates of 4–17 mol C/m/year along the beachface. -
Man and Nature in Delaware
M.A.N A.ND N_ATU RE IN DE LAWARE. AN EN v 11tC) N 1vt t: NTA L H 1STC) Rv C) r THE r 1 RST STAT 1.:. 163 1 ·- 2000 W I L L I A J\.1 1-L W I L L I AM S M.AN AND NATURE TN DELAWARE AN lNVIRONivHNlAL H I STORY or THE I:I n.sr STAn , 163 1 2000 \,VI LLIAtvt H . VVI LLIAMS MAN AND NATURE IN DELAWARE: AN ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST STATE, 1631 – 2000 by William Henry Williams A Delaware Heritage Press Book Published by the Delaware Heritage Commission 121 Duke of York Street Dover, DE 19901 Telephone: (302) 744-5077 Website: heritage.delaware.gov Copyright © 2007 by Helen G. Williams All Rights Reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN (hardcover edition): 0-924117-36-2 ISBN (softcover edition): 0- 924117-37-0 ISBN (ePUB edition): 978-0-924117-42-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008939314 Previous page: Eroding Beaches— This photograph of two World War II-era U.S. Army towers in the surf north of Rehoboth Beach provides a perfect metaphor for man’s changing relationship with nature in Delaware. When the towers were built about 1941, they were well back from the ocean. As late as the mid- 1970s, they were still some forty to fifty feet behind the dune line. -
The Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain in Parts of North Carolina, Virginia, B Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York Summary
THE REGIONAL AQUIFER SYSTEM UNDERLYING THE NORTHERN ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN IN PARTS OF NORTH CAROLINA, VIRGINIA, B MARYLAND, DELAWARE, NEW JERSEY, AND NEW YORK SUMMARY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1404-A The Regional Aquifer System Underlying the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain in Parts of North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York Summary By HENRY TRAPP, JR., and HAROLD MEISLER REGIONAL AQUIFER-SYSTEM ANALYSIS-NORTHERN ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1404-A UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1992 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, Jr., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Trapp, Henry, Jr. The regional aquifer system : underlying the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain in parts of North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York. Summary / by Henry Trapp, Jr., and Harold Meisler. p. cm. (Regional aquifer-system analysis) (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1404-A) 1. Aquifers Atlantic Coast (U.S.) I. Meisler, Harold. II. Title. III. Series. IV. Series: U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1404-A. GB1199.3.A787T73 1992 553.7'9'0975-dc20 89-600153 CIP For sale by Book and Open-File Report Sales, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225 FOREWORD THE REGIONAL AQUIFER-SYSTEM ANALYSIS PROGRAM The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) Program was started in 1978 following a congressional mandate to develop quantitative appraisals of the major ground-water systems of the United States. -
Geologic Trails in Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area
NYSGA 2010 Trip 1 - Epstein Delaware Water Gap, A Geology Classroom By Jack B. Epstein U.S. Geological Survey INTRODUCTION The Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area (DEWA) contains a rich geologic and cultural history within its 68,714 acre boundary. Following the border between New Jersey and Pennsylvania, the Delaware River has cut a magnificent gorge through Kittatinny Mountain, the Delaware Water Gap, to which all other gaps in the Appalachian Mountains have been compared. Proximity to many institutions of learning in this densely populated area of the northeastern United States (Fig. 1) makes DEWA an ideal locality to study the geology of this part of the Appalachian Mountains. This one- day field trip comprises an overview discussion of structure, stratigraphy, geomorphology, and glacial geology within the gap. It will be highlighted by hiking a choice of several trails with geologic guides, ranging from gentle to difficult. It is hoped that the ―professional‖ discussions at the stops, loaded with typical geologic jargon, can be translated into simple language that can be understood and assimilated by earth science students along the trails. This trip is mainly targeted for earth science educators and for Pennsylvania geologists needing to meet state-mandated education requirements for licensing professional geologists. The National Park Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, the New Jersey Geological Survey, and local schoolteachers had prepared ―The Many Faces of Delaware Water Gap: A Curriculum Guide for Grades 3–6‖ (Ferrence et al., 2003). Portions of this guide, ―The Many faces of Delaware Water Gap‖ appear as two appendices in this field guide and is also available by contacting the Park (http://www.nps.gov/dewa/forteachers/curriculummaterials.htm). -
Description of the Dover Quadrangle
DESCRIPTION OF THE DOVER QUADRANGLE. Prepared under the supervision of William Bullock Clark, geologist in charge. By Benjamin LeRoy Miller. INTRODUCTION. their currents, the name "fall line" being given to The land portion of the Coastal Plain province diverges to the northeast up Elk River instead this boundary on that account. In the middle that is, the subaerial division is marked by the of following the main channel of the Susque Location and area. The Dover quadrangle lies Atlantic region tide-water estuaries, the continu presence of many bays and estuaries representing hanna. Thus, although the Dover quadrangle between parallels 39° and 39° 30' north latitude ations of the large streams, extend inland to the submerged valleys of streams, carved during a time does not include any territory lying west of and meridians 75° 30' and 76° west longitude. It "fall line," which thus marks the head of naviga when the belt stood at a higher level than at pres Chesapeake Bay it does include a small portion includes one-fourth of a square degree of the tion. Southward the "fall line" gradually rises, ent. Chesapeake Bay, which is the old valley of of the region that properly belongs to the west earth's surface and contains 925 square miles. so that in the Carolinas and Georgia, although Susquehanna River; Delaware Bay, the extended ern part of the Coastal Plain, so far as topogra From north to south it measures 34.5 miles and falls and rapids still mark its location and furnish valley of Delaware River; and the tide-water por phy is concerned. -
OFR 2011-1, Central Ohio Geology Core Outcrop Workshop II
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Lawrence H. Wickstrom, Chief Open-File Report 2011-1 Central Ohio’s Geology in Core and Outcrop Workshop II Hosted by Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Geological Survey Sponsored by Ohio Geological Society Horace R. Collins Laboratory Delaware, Ohio April 20, 2011 Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Geological Survey 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. C-1 Columbus, Ohio 43229-6693 2011 Agenda 9:00–9:05 A.M. Welcome 9:05–9:30 A.M. Geological Survey’s geohazards and geologic mapping programs 9:30–10:00 A.M. Central Ohio geology 10:00–10:15 A.M. Break 10:15–11:00 A.M. Group A exercise: The utility of Geological Survey map products Group B exercise: Core description 101; anatomy of a fact sheet 11:00–11:45 A.M. Group A exercise: Core description 101; anatomy of a fact sheet Group B exercise: The utility of Geological Survey map products 11:45–12:30 P.M. Lunch provided 12:30–2:00 P.M. Group A exercise: Soil Classifi cations—Unifi ed, AASHTO, USDA, ODOT’s version of AASHTO, and Rock Mass Classifi cation ASTM Group B exercise: Utility of fact sheets in fi eld-like settings; group discussion 2:00–2:15 P.M. Break 2:15–3:45 P.M. Group A exercise: Utility of fact sheets in fi eld-like settings; group discussion Group B exercise: Soil Classifi cations—Unifi ed, AASHTO, USDA, ODOT’s version of AASHTO, and Rock Mass Classifi cation ASTM 3:45–4:00 P.M. -
B9 Stratigraphy of the Sedimentary Rocks of Delaware
.; . ~ STATE OF DELAWARE DELAWARE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Johan J. Groot, State Geologist BULLETIN NO. 9 STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF DELAWARE by ROBERT R. JORDAN Newark, Delaware November, 1962 STATE OF DELAWARE DELAWARE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 9 STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF DELAWARE by Robert R. Jordan Geologist, Delaware Geological Survey Johan J. Groot, State Geologist Newark, Delaware November, 1962 CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................................................................. IV INTRODUCTION............................................................ 1 Purpose and Scope..................................................... 1 Acknowledgments ...................................................... 3 METHODS AND PRINCIPLES ........................................... 3 GENERAL GEOLOGY..................................................... 4 POTOMAC FORMATION................................................. 6 MAGOTHY FORMATION ................................................. 9 MATAWAN FORMATION AND GROUP ............................... 9 Merchantville Formation ............................................. 11 Wenonah Formation ................................................... 13 MONMOUTH FORMATION AND GROUP ............................. l3 Mount Laurel-Navesink Formation ............................... 16 Redbank Formation .................................................... 16 UNIT A........................................................................ 16 UNIT B ........................................................................ -
OFR9 Geologic Field Trips in Delaware
STATE OF DELAWARE UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE DELAWARE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN FILE REPORT No. 9 GEOLOGIC FIELD TRIPS IN DELAWARE BY R. N. BENSON W. F. HAHN R. R. JORDAN T. E. PICKETT J. H. TALLEY A. M. THOMPSON K. D. WOODRUFF NE\1AR K, DELAWARE MAY, 1977 FOREWORD The information contained in this Guidebook was compiled on the occasion of the Annual Meeting of the Association of American State Geologists held in Delaware in June 1977. The Delaware Geological Survey is pleased to have been selected to host this national meeting. The field trip logs'were designed to familiarize geologists from across the united States with basic features of Delaware's geology and resources. We have also sought to identify some points of historical and cultural interest that may help the visitor become familiar with our State. Experience has shown that field guides retain their use fulness beyond the event that they initially served. They may assist classes, other groups, and individuals seeking additional information about their physical environment. Therefore, this Guidebook has been published as an Open File Report for public distribution. All users of this information are urged to exercise caution, especially at rock faceS and along waterways, and to obtain specific permission for visits from landowners where necessary. It is hoped that Delawareans may find these trips educa tional and that visitors will feel welcome and come to share our pride in the First State. Robert R. Jordan State Geologist 1 CONTENTS Page Foreword 1 Geology and water resources of the western portion of the Delaware Piedmont 5 Environmental geology, northern Delaware. -
A HISTORY of the STATE of DELAWARE
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE ""'"'^^''y F 167 }/77"^" '-ibrary "'*IIMlBllllWiMiii™M,l'.?i.,SiP«'a»'are : from 3 1924 028 865 olln 406 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://archive.org/cletails/cu31924028865406 A HISTORY STATE OF DELAWARE, |irrf SfttlmpKt tttttil i\t '^xmwi M^m, CONTAINING A FULL ACCOUNT OF THE FIEST DUTCH AND SWEDISH SETTLEMENTS, A DESCRIPTION OF ITS GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY. FRANCIS VINCENT, WILMINGTON, DEL. PHILADELPHIA: JOHN CAMPBELL, NO. 740 SANSOM STREET. ''/ 1870. '< I /(, 7 j/77 h-']'h'5^1 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870, by FRANCIS VINCENT, in the Office of the Clerk of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Henby B. Ashmead, Book and Job Printek, 1102 & 1104 Sansom Street, Philadelphia. ADVERTISEMENT. From the smallness of the State of Delaware, both in population and territory, and the few (even of Delawareans) who manifest any interest in its affairs, the author has been compelled to issue this work in numbers of thirty-two pages each, at thirty cents per number, supposing in that manner it would be placed more easily within the reach of a greater number of subscribers. They will be issued about every three weeks, and can be procured either of the author, at Wilmington, Delaware, of Mr. John Campbell, No.