42383-023: Initial Environmental Examination for Lingshi Education

Environmental Assessment Report

Project Number: 42383-023 April 2015

PRC: Shanxi Small Cities And Towns Development Demonstration Project – Initial Environmental Examination for Lingshi Education Facilities Improvement and Capacity Building Component

Prepared by the Government of the Shanxi Province for the Asian Development Bank

This Initial Environmental Examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Director, Management or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 3 April 2015)

Currency Unit – Yuan (CNY) CNY 1.00 = $ 0.16 $ 1.00 = CNY 6.20

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank AP – Affected Person LCG – Lingshi county Government COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand EA – Executing Agency EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMC – Environment Monitoring Center EMP – Environmental Management Plan EPB – Environmental Protection Bureau FSR – Feasibility Study Report FYP – Five-Year Plan GDP – Gross Domestic Product GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination LIEC Loan Implementation Environmental

– Consultant LIC – Loan Implementation Consultant MEP – Ministry of Environmental Protection NH 3-N – Ammonia Nitrogen NO x – Nitrogen Oxide PCC – Public compliant center O&M – Operation and Maintenance PMO – Project Management Office PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PRC – People’s Republic of China SEIA – Summary Environmental Impact Assessment SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

‰ – pe r mill (per thousand) ha – hectare kg/d – kilogram per day km – Kilometer km2 – square kilometer m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter m3/d – cubic meters per day m3/s – cubic meters per second mg/m3 – milligrams per cubic meter mm – m illimeter mu – unit of land area equal to 1/15 ha or 667 m2

NOTE

In the report, “$” refers to US dollars.

Disclaimer: In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Table of Contents

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ABBREVIATIONS WEIGHTS AND MEASURES LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES Page (Draft Cover) 1 Table of Contents III I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10 1. Introduction 10 2. Background 10 3. Rationales 10 4. Component Impact, Outcome, and Outputs 11 4. Environmental Categorization and Environmental Due Diligence 12 5. Environmental Impacts and Environmental Management Plan 12 6. Main environmental Risks and Assurances 13 7. Conclusions 13 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 14 1. Legislative Framework in the People’s Republic of China 14 2. International Agreements 15 3. Design codes for civil works 15 4. Assessment Categories 16 5. Scope of Assessment and Evaluation Standards for This Component 17 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENT 20 1. Background Of The Whole ADB Project 20 2. Justification and Rationale for the Component 20 3. Proposed Components and Subcomponents 21 4. Implementation Schedule 24 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 25 1. Physical Environment 25 2. Baseline of Environmental Quality 31 3. Ecological Resources 32 4. Socioeconomic Conditions 33 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 34 1. Introduction 34 2. Screening of Potential Impacts, Sensitive Receptors 34 3. Impacts of Kindergarten Building Facade Design On Jingsheng Ancient Town Protection 37 4. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction 37 5. Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures during Operation 42 VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 45 1. Environmental Considerations 45 2. Alternatives Related to the Proposed Water Supply Improvement Component 45 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 47

III

1. Legislative Framework for Public Consultation 47 2. Information Disclosure 47 3. Consultation 48 4. Future Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 50 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 51 1. Proposed Mechanism 51 2. Types of Grievances Expected and Eligibility Assessment 51 3. GRM Procedure and Timeframe 51 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 54 IX. ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 55 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 56 1. Environmental Impact Assessment Results 56 2. Risks and Assurances 56 3. Conclusion 57 APPEDIX: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN A-2 A. Introduction A-2 B. Summary of Potential Impact A-2 C. Mitigation Measures A-2 D. Environmental Monitoring A-11 E. Public Consultation A-13 F. Responsibilities and Authorities A-14 G. Reporting and Supervision A-17 H. Work Plan A-18 I. Procurement Plan and Cost Estimates A-18 J. Mechanisms for Feedback and Adjustment A-18

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table II- 1: Applicable Environmental Laws of the PRC ...... 14 Table II- 2 Applicable Environmental Guidelines ...... 14 Table II- 3: Applicable Environmental Standards ...... 15 Table II- 4 Key Design Codes And Technical Standards Applicable To The Project ...... 16 Table II- 5: Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs) Approval Status ...... 16 Table II- 6 : Ambient Air Quality Grade II Standard ...... 17 Table II- 7 Acoustic Ambient Quality Standards (Equivalent Sound Level: LAeq: dB) ...... 18 Table II- 8 Surface Water Ambient Quality Standards (Unit: mg/L) ...... 18 Table II- 9: Construction Site Noise Limit (Unit: Leq[dB(A)]) ...... 18 Table II- 10: Vertical (Z) Vibration Standard Value for Various Urban Areas (Unit: Leq[dB(A)] ...... 19

Table III- 1 Characteristics of All Subcomponents ...... 21 Table III- 2: Civil works on the proposed Component ...... 22 Table III- 3 Associated Facilities ...... 23 Table III- 4 Major Equipment List of kindergarten facilities ...... 24

Table IV- 1: Annual average Air Quality in Lingshi County in 2012 and 2013 Unit: mg/m3 .32 Table IV- 2 Land Acquisition Status of All Subcomponents ...... 32

Table V- 1: Screening of Environmental Impacts ...... 35 Table V- 2: Sensitive Receptors within Project Area of Influence ...... 36 Table V- 3: Predictive noises of construction machinery with various distances (Unit: dB(A)) ...... 40 Table V- 4 : Main Emissions and Proposed Abatement Measures ...... 42

Table VI- 1 Comparisons of Technical Alternatives ...... 45

Table VII- 1 Information Disclosure ...... 47

Table A. 1: Summary of Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures ...... A-4 Table A. 2: Environmental Monitoring Program ...... A-12 Table A. 3: Public Consultation Plan ...... A-13 Table A. 4: Environmental Responsibilities ...... A-14 Table A. 5: Institutional Strengthening and Training at the Component Level ...... A-16

LIST OF FIGUR Page

Figure 1 Map of Lingshi’s Location in Shanxi Province ...... VII Figure 2 Locations of All Involved Kindergartens In The Component ...... VIII Figure 3 Locations of All Kindergartens Involved Civil Works In The Component ...... IX

Figure IV- 1 Current Status of The 1st Kindergarten ...... 26 Figure IV- 2 Designed Jinjie Kindergarten ...... 27 Figure IV- 3 Current Status of Jinjie Kindergarten ...... 27 Figure IV- 4 Designed Jiguang kindergarten ...... 27 Figure IV- 5 Current Status of Jiguang kindergarten ...... 28 Figure IV- 6 Designed Yinfang kindergarten ...... 28 Figure IV- 7 Current Status of Yinfang kindergarten ...... 29 Figure IV- 8 Designed Suxi kindergarten ...... 29 Figure IV- 9 Current Status of Suxi kindergarten ...... 30 Figure IV- 10 Designed Yangguang Community kindergarten ...... 31 Figure IV- 11 Current Status of Yangguang Community kindergarte ...... 31

Figure V- 1: Major Emissions Of Buildings During Construction, Operation And Deconstruction ...... 34

Figure VII- 1 Proposed Project Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ...... 53

Figure VIII- 1 Proposed Project Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ...... 53

Figure A- 1: Mechanism for Feedback and Adjustment of Environmental Management Plan ...... A-19

Figure 1 Map of Lingshi’s Location in Shanxi Province

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Lingshi County

VII

Figure 2 Locations of All Involved Kindergartens In The Component

VIII

Figure 3 Locations of All Kindergartens Involved Civil Works In The Component

Suxi

Yinfang Yangguang Jiguang

1 st kindergarten Jinjie with information center

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Introduction

1. This Project initial environmental examination (IEE) report was prepared for the proposed Lingshi Education Facilities Improvement And Capacity Building Component (the Component) in Shanxi Province , People’s Republic of China (PRC). The project IEE is prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) on the basis of the domestic Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs), feasibility study reports (FSR), resettlement due diligence and component policy dialogue discussions.

2. Background

2. The Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is one of three sector loan projects prepared under a project preparatory technical assistance (PPTA) from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) that also covered sector projects in Shanxi and Liaoning provinces. Sector lending is a form of ADB assistance for project-related investments based on considerations relating to an entire sector or subsector. A sector loan is provided to assist in the development of a specific sector or subsector by financing part of the investment in the sector. The loan is expected to improve sector policies and strengthen institutional capabilities. Such lending is appropriate particularly when a large number of subprojects in the sector or subsector are to be financed.

3. The Project will (i) support the development of selected small cities and towns in Shanxi Province to induce the development of other cities and towns in the province and elsewhere in the PRC; (ii) demonstrate how small cities and towns can achieve urban development that is economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable; (iii) support the provision of reliable, good-quality infrastructure including roads and water supply, wastewater, district heating, and solid waste facilities; (iv) support the incorporation of environmental and social considerations in urban planning and development; (v) provide better infrastructure and municipal services to enable the small cities and towns to achieve greater economic efficiency and sustainable development; and (vi) promote the integration of various infrastructure services to maximize the benefits from individual sector improvements. Wutong town, Youyu county, and Pingyao county have been selected as the core subproject areas (Map) to be supported by the Project. Several noncore subprojects will also be selected and implemented later on. The environmental assessment of the Project was based on the environmental impact assessments (EIAs) for the core subprojects and the environmental assessment and management framework (EAMF) for noncore subprojects.

4. The summary EIA (SEIA) for Shanxi Province summarizes the results of eight EIA reports and environmental management plans (EMPs) for the core subprojects prepared by the Taiyuan Science and Engineering University (for Wutong), the Shanxi Environmental Science Research Institute (for Youyu), and the Shanxi Sanitation Bureau (for Pingyao), and contains the EAMF. It explains (i) the sector project approach; (ii) the sector conditions; (iii) the project interventions, benefits, and impact; (iv) the subproject selection procedure; and (v) the selection, review, and appraisal of noncore subprojects according to the EAMF. The individual EIAs incorporated most of the EMP clauses. The other EMP items were developed jointly by the PPTA team and the institutes. The individual EIAs and feasibility study reports (FSRs) went through several rounds of revision suggested by the PPTA team specialists. The EIAs have been reviewed by the Government.

3. Rationales 5. This component is a subproject of the Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development

Demonstration Sector Project. Located in middle part of Shanxi Province, Lingshi County has profound traditional culture, rich and colorful cultural landscape, with the No.1 Chinese traditional residential housing at home and abroad. In 2003, Jingsheng Town, located in the county’s New District, was listed as one of the national key small towns, and one of the 100 pilot small towns in Shanxi province. This component will play an exemplary and leading role across the province on the development of small cities and towns.

6. The total land area of Lingshi County is 1,206 km2 and the total population is 252,000 people. It s urban area include: (i) county downtown with area of 5.17km2 and population of 60.2 thousand; (ii)Jingsheng toan with area of 1.71km2 and population of 1.6 thousand; and (ii)connecting section between (i) and (ii) with area of 5 km2 and population of 7.3 thousand.

7. Since 2011, Lingshi county has built 6 township center kindergarten, modified and expanded a number of villages’ and towns’ public center kindergartens, also used idle rural schoolhouses to reconstruct 17 kindergartens, provided supporting facilities to part of kindergartens affiliated with rural primary school, and greatly improved the condition of preschool education. But with the acceleration of Lingshi County’s small town development and sharp increase in urban population, corresponding service infrastructure is relatively backward, and cannot meet growing needs of preschool education. There are 68 kindergartens in Lingshi in 2012. Their overall status are small scale, substandard and disorder. The present preschool education facilities and equipments are very simple and out-of-dated, even a lot made by teachers themselves with serious adult tendency, so are not capable to ensure children's proper education and well grow-up. In addition, Lingshi County has more than 800 kindergarten teachers in total but without fixed preschool teacher training place, leading to young teachers’ capacity building far lagging behind. Furthermore, Lingshi county has not established preschool education teaching and management information system, There is very significant gap to modern preschool education.

8. According to Lingshi County’s planning , by 2015 the downtown population will be 116, 500; and 145,000 by 2020. Lack of and/or obsolete kindergartens with facilities and equipments hampers quality preschool teaching-learning processes. Existing situations need to urgently be improved to provide better prepare preschool education, rather than downsized and out-of-dated.

9. Lingshi Municipal Government must build up the public social service system to respond to increased demand. At the six kindergarten and the information center, the component will address the following challenges for kindergarten education at: (a) Construct modern facilities and provide state-of-art equipments to realize balanced development of preschool education service supply and demand; (b) Improve Lingshi county’s education infrastructures to meet urgent needs of local residents and migrants; (c) Improve quality of educational leadership and management including mentoring and monitoring; (d)Speed up construction of Jingsheng New District and Improve overall urbanization in Lingshi County, eventually accelerate development of small towns; (e) Promote modernization and informationization of preschool education and play demonstration role and benchmarking.

4. Component Impact, Outcome, and Outputs

10. The impact of the proposed component is to improved delivery of preschool services in Lingshi focusing on kindergarten/preschool infrastructures.

11. This proposed component aims to Lingshi County urban downtown (the old downtown, Jingsheng town and the planned new district) educational facilities (including 6 kindergartens and a preschool educational information center). The total building area is about 24,000m2 with the total land area of 2.54ha. All proposed sites are located in the existing construction lands, so no additional land acquisition and demolition will occur due to this component. The subcomponents

will include children's living and service buildings with associated facilities, outdoor playgrounds, supporting infrastructure, Lingshi county’s preschool educational information facilities, 45 kindergartens’ other educational facilities etc..

12. The component is expected to start construction in July 2015 and complete in June 2016.

4. Environmental Categorization and Environmental Due Diligence 13. Categorization. The Project underwent initial appraisal during project preparation by ADB and was classified as Category B for environment on the basis of ADB’s Rapid Environmental Assessment checklists, requiring an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE). The main anticipated environmental impacts and risks upon which the categorization was based included dust, noise, wastewater and solid waste arising from construction of the buildings at 6 kindergartens and an information center(located within the 1st kindergarten). Risks to occupational and community health and safety from construction activities were also considered potentially significant.

14. Environmental assessment. The environmental assessment documents upon which this IEE is based have been prepared under the provisions of PRC Environmental Impact Assessment Law of 2003 and the PRC Management Guideline on environmental impact assessment (EIA) Categories of Construction Projects (2008). Short-period (about 8 months) and small scale civil works (1-to-3-storey-buildings) construction activities will be limited within the existing acquired land with total area of 24,466.93m2. The potential adverse environmental impacts were regarded as very minor or unlikely to have adverse environmental impact. So the component was classified as Category C under PRC classification. Seven Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs) were prepared for the six kindergarten and the facilities &equipments, respectively. According to PRC’s EIA requirements, these EIRFs are very brief and only provide few details, and have no environmental baseline, anticipating impacts or public consultation. All the EIRFs for this component have been approved by Lingshi County Environmental Protection Bureau (LEPB) in June to December 2014,respectively.

15. Consultation, participation, and grievance redress mechanism. In the framework of the environmental due diligence, meaningful consultation was conducted with potentially affected people. Information was disclosed to affected people through the LPMO/IA. This IEE is disclosed on ADB’s project website. Public consultation conducted during component preparation indicated that potentially affected people had a positive attitude toward the component. A grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been defined to deal with public complaints related to project activities during component implementation and operation.

5. Environmental Impacts and Environmental Management Plan

16. All buildings will be designed in compliance with relevant design standards and codes for energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings, including but not limited to: GB 50099-2011 (Code for design of schools); GB 50011-2010 (Building Seismic Design Code); GB 50189-2005 (Energy Conservation Design for Public Buildings); GB 50016-2006 (Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention); GB/T 50378-2006 (Evaluation Standard for Green Buildings); and other applicable national design codes. The use of VOC-emitting materials (including paints, coatings, adhesives, carpet, and furniture’s) will be avoided to ensure high indoor air quality.

17. During construction, major anticipated impacts include noise, fugitive dust, solid wastes, and community and occupational health and safety risks. Overall, construction-related impacts are localized, short term, and can be effectively mitigated through the application of good construction and housekeeping practices and implementation of construction phase community and occupational health and safety plans.

18. During operation, no major environmental impacts are anticipated. The current environment services of the existing kindergartens were assessed, and it is concluded that incremental wastewater and solid waste generation resulting from the component will not overburden existing services. The component’s potential impacts on community and occupational health and safety during operation were analyzed and corresponding mitigation measures have been defined in the IEE and environmental management plan (EMP).

19. An EMP has been developed for the design, construction, and operation phases of the component. The plan will be updated after detailed project design (as needed) and incorporated into bidding documents for subproject construction. The EMP defines mitigation measures, monitoring requirements, and institutional responsibilities and costs for implementing the mitigation measures and the monitoring requirements.

6. Main environmental Risks and Assurances

20. Environmental risks, and the assurances required to address these risks, have been identified in the IEE. The majority of environmental risks relate to design features and operational plans which will avoid or mitigate impacts, but which rely on the implementers’ commitment and capacity to implement and consistently follow-up. The remainder relate to the likelihood of unexpected negative impacts. The major risks are listed below: (i) Design of component facilities not complying with relevant design standards and codes related to energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings; (ii) Inadequate capacity of the executing agency and implementing agencies in environment management, which could result in inefficient project and EMP implementation; and (iii) Inadequate environment, health, and safety management systems in the 6 kindergartens.

21. Commitments by the executing agency and the implementing agencies will be incorporated into the loan documentation as loan covenants to ensure that the measures are implemented in a timely and complete fashion, including (i) a commitment to adhere to relevant design standards and codes for energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings, and (ii) a commitment to adhere to PRC green public procurement policies.

22. The overriding assurance required is that the executing agency and the local government bodies as appropriate will ensure that the full range of effective measures set out in the IEE and EMP are undertaken, and guarantees that the environmental management provisions and the environmental monitoring plan will be implemented effectively during component implementation, and that the implementation reports of the environmental management and monitoring plan in accordance with ADB requirements will be submitted in a timely fashion. Part of this monitoring and management commitment will be a commitment to implement and maintain an appropriate GRM.

7. Conclusions

23. The IEE concludes that as long as the environmental mitigation and management measures defined in the EMP are properly implemented, all adverse environmental impacts associated with the component will be prevented, eliminated, or minimized to an acceptable level. The project is feasible from an environment safeguards point of view. .

II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

1. Legislative Framework in the People’s Republic of China 1. The component Environmental Impact Registration Form (EIRF) upon which this initial environmental examination (IEE) is based have been prepared under the provisions of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) environmental impact assessment (EIA) Law of 2003 and the PRC Management Guideline on EIA Categories of Construction Projects (2008). Main laws, regulation, guidelines, and standards applicable to this project are described below.

2. The primary PRC laws that govern environmental safeguards of the project are provided in Table II-1.

Table II- 1: Applicable Environmental Laws of the PRC

No. Title of the Law Year Issued 1 Environmental Protection Law 1989 2 Environmental Impact Assessment Law 2003 3 Water Law 2002 4 Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2008 5 Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2000 6 Noise Pollution Control Law 1999 7 Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2005 8 Water and Soil Conservation Law 1991 9 Forest Law 1998 10 Wild Fauna Protection Law 2004 11 Cleaner Production Promotion Law 2002 12 Urban and Rural Planning Law 2008 13 Land Administration Law 1999

3. The implementation of environmental laws and regulations is supported by a series of associated management and technical guidelines (Table II-2).

Table II- 2 Applicable Environmental Guidelines

No. Guideline Year/Code Guideline on Jurisdictional Division of Review and Approval 1 2009 of EIAs for Construction Projects 2 Guideline on EIA Categories of Construction Projects 2008 3 Interim Guideline on Public Consultation for EIA 2006 4 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Surface Water HJ/T 2.3-1993 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Atmospheric 5 HJ 2.2-2008 Environment 6 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Acoustic Environment HJ 2.4-2009 7 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Ecological Impact HJ 19-2011

8 Technical Guideline on Environmental Risk Assessment for HJ/T 169-2004 Construction Project

4. The environmental quality standard system that supports and evaluates the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations in the PRC is classified into two categories by function (i.e., pollutant emission/discharge standards and ambient environmental standards). The relevant main standards applicable to the project are shown in Table II-3.

Table II- 3: Applicable Environmental Standards No. Standard Code 1 Surface Water Quality Standard GB 3838-2002 2 Urban Ambient Acoustic Quality Standard GB 3096-2008 3 Ambient Air Quality Standard GB 3095-2012 4 Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants GB 16297-1996 5 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard GB 8978-1996 6 Underground Water Quality Standard GB/T 14848-93 7 Domestic Drinking Water Quality Standard GB 5749-2006 8 Emission Standards of Environment Noise for Boundary GB 12523-2011 of Site Noise 9 Noise Limit of Industrial Enterprises GB 12348-2008 10 Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Coal-burning GB 13271-2001 Boiler 11 Standard for pollution control on hazardous waste GB 18597-2001 storage 12 Standards for pollution control on the storage and GB18599-2001 disposal site for general industrial solid wastes

2. International Agreements

5. The PRC is a signatory of a large number of international agreements relevant to environment protection. Those with direct application to the project, along with the date of signing by the PRC, include: (i) Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 23 February 2005. To further reduce greenhouse gas emissions by enhancing the national programs of developed countries aimed at this goal and by establishing percentage reduction targets for the developed countries. (ii) Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, 1 January 1989. To protect the ozone layer by controlling emissions of substances that depletes it. (iii)United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 21 March 1994. To achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a low enough level to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. (iv)UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 1985.To integrate the practice of heritage conservation in PRC with that being done around the world.

3. Design codes for civil works

6. In addition to national laws and regulations that are commonly followed for civil works (and usually not covered in environment impact assessments), a series of design standards and guidelines related to building safety and resource efficiency apply this project. These are listed in Table II-4.

Table II- 4 Key Design Codes And Technical Standards Applicable To The Project (Civil Works)

Design Code, Technical Standard Code of Design for the Geotechnical Survey GB50021-2009 Code of Design for the Building Foundation GB50007- 2011 Code of Design for the Energy Conservation of Public Buildings GB 50189-2005 Code of Design for the Engineering Structural Reliability GB50153-2008 Code of Design for the Structural Load Calculation GB50009-2012 Code of Design for the Concrete Structures GB50010-2011 Code of Design for Building Seismic Resistance GB50011-2011 Code of Design for Masonry Structures GB50003-2011 Standards for Acceptance Test of Building Construction Quality GB50300-2001 Technical Standards for Waterproofing of Underground Structures GB50108-2008 Code of Electrical design of civil buildings JGJ16-2008 Design code for protection of structures against lightning GB50057-2010 Code for design electric power supply system GB50052-2009 Code for design of low voltage electrical installations GB50054-2011 Design Standard of Building Lighting GB50034-2004 Code for Fire Protection Design of Civil Building Cables DG/TJ08-2048-2008 Code for Engineering Design of Generic Cabling System for Building GB50311-2007 Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm System GB50116-2013 Standard for Design of Intelligent Building GB/T50314-2012 Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention GB50016-2006 Code of Design for Sprinkler Systems GB50084-2005 Code for Design of extinguisher Distribution in Buildings GB50140-2005 Code for Design of Outdoor Water Supply Engineering GB50013-2006 Code for Design of Outdoor Drainage Engineering GB50014-2011 Code for Design of Building Water supply and Drainage Engineering GB50015-2009 Code for Design of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning GB50019-2003 Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention GB50016-2006

4. Assessment Categories

7. Classification from the People’s Republic of China. Short-period (about 8 months) and small scale civil works (1-to-3-storey-buildings) construction activities will be limited within the existing acquired land with total area of 24466.93m2. The potential adverse environmental impacts were regarded as very minor or unlikely to have adverse environmental impact. So the component was classified as Category C under PRC classification. Seven Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs) were prepared for the six kindergarten and the facilities &equipments, respectively. According to PRC’s EIA requirements, these EIRFs are very brief and only provide few details, and have no environmental baseline, anticipating impacts or public consultation. All the EIRFs for this component have been approved by Lingshi County Environmental Protection Bureau (LEPB) in 2014 as shown in the below Table III-5.

Table II- 5: Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs) Approval Status

No. Subcomponent Approval Date Approval Authority 1 Jiguang kindergarten June 24, 2014 Lingshi County 2 Jinjie kindergarten June 24, 2014 Environmental 3 Suxi kindergarten June 24, 2014 Protection Bureau 4 Yangguang Community kindergarten June 24, 2014

5 Yinfang kindergarten June 24, 2014 6 the 1st kindergarten December 11, 2014 Information center and associated facilities August 20, 2014 7 &equipments

8. ADB Classification. The component underwent initial appraisal during preparation and was classified as Category B on the basis of ADB’s Rapid Environmental Assessment, requiring an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), because the component will involve civil works construction activities on six different sites. In compliance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009), an IEE was prepared using (i)feasibility study report, and (ii) the domestic Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs) prepared by the Lingshi PMO.

5. Scope of Assessment and Evaluation Standards for This Component 9. In PRC EIA requirements, ambient levels of air, noise, and water quality in the proposed works area determine the appropriate category for point source or impacting emissions and effluent standards for the construction and operational phases of built infrastructure. The scope of investigation is the kindergartens and areas 200 meters (m) surrounding the schools unless otherwise stated.

10. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) requires projects to apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practices as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines. The EHS guidelines are based on best practice construction and operational procedures.

Table II- 6 : Ambient Air Quality Grade II Standard

Pollutant Averaging PRC Class II (mg/m3) EHS (mg/m3) Period (World Bank Group 2007) Standard (GB3095-1996) Standard (GB3095-2012) Annual average 0.06 0.06 n/a

SO2 Daily average 0.15 0.15 0.125-0.05 (0.02 guideline) Hourly average 0.50 0.50 n/a Annual average 0.10 0.07 0.07-0.03 (0.02 guideline) PM10 Daily average 0.15 0.15 0.075-0.15 (0.05 guideline) Annual average 0.08 0.04 0.04 guideline

NO2 Daily average 0.12 0.08 n/a Hourly average 0.24 0.20 0.20 guideline Daily average 4.0 4.0 n/a CO Hourly average 10.0 10 n/a Annual average 0.20 0.20 n/a TSP Daily average 0.30 0.30 n/a Annual average n/a n/a 0.015-0.035

PM2.5 Daily average n/a 0.15 0.0375-0.075 Hourly average n/a 0.35 n/a

11. According to the Technical Specifications for Urban Area Ambient Noise Applicable Area Classification (GBT 15190-94), areas serving for cultural and educational institutions are classified as Class 1, and should comply with the corresponding provisions in Acoustic Ambient Quality Standard (GB3096-2008) according to the classification of the area. Residential, commercial and industrial mixed areas must comply with Class 2 standard. Lower standards apply for industrial areas and major roads. Standards are listed in Table II.7. The PRC standard is identical to the EHS guideline values.

Table II- 7 Acoustic Ambient Quality Standards (Equivalent Sound Level: LAeq: dB)

PRC Standard Applicable Area GB3096-2008 EHS3 Class Day Night Day Night

Areas needing extreme quiet, such as 0 50 40 convalescence areas Area mainly for residence, cultural and educational 1 55 45 55 45 institutions

2 Residential, commercial and industrial mixed area 60 50

3 Industrial area 65 55 70 70 4 Area on both sides of urban road traffic trunk line 70 55

12. For water quality assessment, the determining standard will be Surface Water Ambient Quality Standard (GB3838－2002). This standard is set out in Table II.8. The class IV standard is the minimum required runoff standard for all construction projects in an urban environment. There is no EHS guideline or target for water quality in this context.

Table II- 8 Surface Water Ambient Quality Standards (Unit: mg/L)

Standard DO IMn BOD COD NH3 -N (GB3838-2002) – Grade III ≥5 ≤6 ≤4 ≤20 ≤1.0 (GB3838-2002) – Grade IV ≥3 ≤10 ≤6 ≤30 ≤1.5 (GB3838-2002) – Grade V ≥2 ≤15 ≤10 ≤40 ≤2.0

13. In the construction phase, air pollutants from dust and earthworks should comply with the Grade II standard specified in Air Pollutant Comprehensive Emission Standard (GB16297-1996).

14. Construction noise will be assessed against the standards in Emission Standards of Environment Noise for Boundary of Site Noise, which are set out in Table II.9.

Table II- 9: Construction Site Noise Limit (Unit: Leq[dB(A)])

Noise Limit Period Major Noise Source Day Night Construction Bulldozer, excavators and loader; Pile driving machines; Concrete mixer, 70 55 vibrator and electric saw; Hoist and lifter Source: GB12523-2011

15. Construction activities are likely to cause vibration impact, and should comply with the Standard for Urban Area Environmental Vibration (GB10070－88). The details are shown in Table II.10. The project works are located on existing kindergarten, where standard 2 applies.

Table II- 10: Vertical (Z) Vibration Standard Value for Various Urban Areas (Unit: Leq[dB(A)]

Scope of applicable area Day Night Special residential area 65 65

Residential, cultural and educational area 70 67

Mixed area and commercial center 75 72

Industrial centralized area 75 72

Both sides of traffic trunk line 75 72 Both sides of railway main line 80 80

16. Because the component areas are not related to any special ecologically sensitive zones, the assessment of ecological environment belongs to Class III according to the Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines (HJ19-2011).

17. Considering the characteristics of the component, the component will not cause significant groundwater level changes nor cause groundwater pollution. No assessment for groundwater is therefore required .

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENT

1. Background Of The Whole ADB Project

18. The Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is one of three sector loan projects prepared under a project preparatory technical assistance (PPTA) from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) that also covered sector projects in Shanxi and Liaoning provinces. Sector lending is a form of ADB assistance for project-related investments based on considerations relating to an entire sector or subsector. A sector loan is provided to assist in the development of a specific sector or subsector by financing part of the investment in the sector. The loan is expected to improve sector policies and strengthen institutional capabilities. Such lending is appropriate particularly when a large number of subprojects in the sector or subsector are to be financed.

19. The Project will (i) support the development of selected small cities and towns in Shanxi Province to induce the development of other cities and towns in the province and elsewhere in the PRC; (ii) demonstrate how small cities and towns can achieve urban development that is economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable; (iii) support the provision of reliable, good-quality infrastructure including roads and water supply, wastewater, district heating, and solid waste facilities; (iv) support the incorporation of environmental and social considerations in urban planning and development; (v) provide better infrastructure and municipal services to enable the small cities and towns to achieve greater economic efficiency and sustainable development; and (vi) promote the integration of various infrastructure services to maximize the benefits from individual sector improvements. Wutong town, Youyu county, and Pingyao county have been selected as the core subproject areas (Map) to be supported by the Project. Several noncore subprojects will also be selected and implemented later on. The environmental assessment of the Project was based on the environmental impact assessments (EIAs) for the core subprojects and the environmental assessment and management framework (EAMF) for noncore subprojects.

20. The summary EIA (SEIA) for Shanxi Province summarizes the results of eight EIA reports and environmental management plans (EMPs) for the core subprojects prepared by the Taiyuan Science and Engineering University (for Wutong), the Shanxi Environmental Science Research Institute (for Youyu), and the Shanxi Sanitation Bureau (for Pingyao), and contains the EAMF. It explains (i) the sector project approach; (ii) the sector conditions; (iii) the project interventions, benefits, and impact; (iv) the subproject selection procedure; and (v) the selection, review, and appraisal of noncore subprojects according to the EAMF. The individual EIAs incorporated most of the EMP clauses. The other EMP items were developed jointly by the PPTA team and the institutes. The individual EIAs and feasibility study reports (FSRs) went through several rounds of revision suggested by the PPTA team specialists. The EIAs have been reviewed by the Government.

2. Justification and Rationale for the Component

21. This component is a subproject of the Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project. Located in middle part of Shanxi Province, Lingshi County has profound traditional culture, rich and colorful cultural landscape, with the No.1 Chinese traditional residential housing at home and abroad. In 2003, Jingsheng Town, located in the county’s New District, was listed as one of the national key small towns, and one of the 100 pilot small towns in Shanxi province. This component will play an exemplary and leading role across the province on the development of small cities and towns.

22. The total land area of Lingshi County is 1,206 km2 and the total population is 252,000 people. Its urban area include: (i) county downtown, with area of 5.17 km2 and population of 60,200; (ii)Jingsheng town with area of 1.71 km2 and population of 16,000 and (iii)A narrow and long connecting section (6.8km of length *0.4~1.3km of width) between the county downtown and Jingsheng town with area of 5 km2 and population of 7,300. 20

23. Since 2011, Lingshi county has built 6 township center kindergarten, modified and expanded a number of villages’ and towns’ public center kindergartens, used idle rural schoolhouses to reconstruct 17 kindergartens, provided supporting facilities to kindergartens affiliated with rural primary school, and improved the condition of preschool education. But with the acceleration of Lingshi County’s small town development and rapid increase in urban population, there is a need to improve corresponding service infrastructure to meet the growing needs of preschool education. There were 68 kindergartens in Lingshi in 2012. These were small scale, substandard and disorder. Due to limited funds, the kindergartens’ infrastructure is still poor. Class capacities are over-loaded quite seriously. Those kindergartens’ conditions are far behind national standard requirements. Activity rooms are very small. The present preschool education facilities, equipment and management are outdated. In addition, Lingshi County needs training facilities for its teachers. Lingshi County needs to improve and modernize its preschool education program by building the capacity of more than 800 kindergarten teachers, constructing training facilities for kindergarten teachers and establishing a preschool education teaching and management information system.

24. According to Lingshi County’s master development plan, by 2015 the downtown population will be 116, 500; and 145,000 by 2020. Lack of and/or obsolete kindergartens with facilities and equipment hamper quality preschool teaching-learning processes. Existing situations need to urgently be improved to provide better prepare preschool education, rather than downsized and out-of-dated. The proposed improved preschool education can help achieve the sector loan’s objectives in increasing economic, social, and environmental sustainability of small city and town development by improving small city and town educational infrastructure and services. The improvements will provide better living conditions and a decent urban environment to town residents, and extend the benefits of growth to all residents across the socioeconomic spectrum by improving coverage and quality of basic municipal services.

25. Lingshi Municipal Government must build up the public social service system to respond to increased demand. At the six kindergarten and the information center, the component will address the following challenges for kindergarten education at: (a) Construct modern facilities and provide state-of-art equipments to realize balanced development of preschool education service supply and demand; (b) Improve Lingshi county’s education infrastructures to meet urgent needs of local residents and migrants; (c) Improve quality of educational leadership and management including mentoring and monitoring; (d)Promote to speed up construction of Jingsheng New District and Improve overall urbanization in Lingshi County, eventually accelerate development of small towns; (e) Promote modernization of preschool education and play demonstration role and benchmarking.

3. Proposed Components and Subcomponents 26. The impact of the proposed component is to improved delivery of preschool services in Lingshi focusing on kindergarten/preschool infrastructures.

27. This proposed component aims to Lingshi County urban downtown (the old downtown, Jingsheng town and the planned new district) educational facilities involving 45 kindergartens (civil works only including 6 kindergartens and a preschool educational information center, educational related equipments for the all 45 kindergargens,see Table III-1 to 4 below). The total building area is about 24,000m2 with the total land area of 2.54ha. All proposed sites are located in the existing construction lands, so no additional land acquisition and demolition will occur due to this component. The subcomponents will include children's living and service buildings with associated facilities, outdoor playgrounds, supporting infrastructure, Lingshi county’s preschool educational information facilities, 45 kindergartens’ other educational facilities etc..

Table III- 1 Characteristics of All Subcomponents

Sub- the 1st Jinjie Jiguang Yinfang Suxi Yangguang Information kindergarten kindergarten kindergarten kindergarten kindergarten Community center and component kindergarten associated 21

facilities &equipments Land area 5600m² 5033m² 4400m² 3736m² 2547m² 3150.93m² - m2 Building area 4884m² 3434.1m² 2283m² 3043.79m² 2040m² 3168m² 4448.36m² m2

No. of 3F 2F 3F 3F partial 2F partial building 5F/1D partial partial1F partial1F 1F 1F storey 1F Total 19.85m 12.00m 8.25m 12.00m 8.25m 12.00m heights Land area 1638m² 1312m² 1244m² 1102m² 1082m² 1254m² of building Greenery 35.2% 35% 34.3% 36.2% 30.3% 32.6% - ratio

Scale 12 classes 12classes 6classes 9classes 6classes 12classes -

Note: 30 students per standard class.

Table III- 2: Civil works on the proposed Component

S.N. Subcomponents and items Unit Quantity Note

1 the 1st kindergarten 1 4 classes each grade

1.1 Building (new classrooms) M2 4884

General layout and facilities within the kindergarten (including water supply, 2 1.2 M 5600 sewerage, solid waste collection, heating and ventilation, power supply, etc. ) 4 classes each grade 2 Jinjie kindergarten 1 Antique Style

2.1 Building(new classrooms) M2 3434.1 General layout and facilities within the kindergarten (including water supply, 2 2.2 M 5033 sewerage, solid waste collection, heating and ventilation, power supply, etc. )

S.N. Subcomponents and items Unit Quantity Note

2 classes each grade 3 Jiguang kindergarten 1 Antique Style

3.1 Building(new classrooms) M2 2283

General layout and facilities within the kindergarten (including water supply, 2 3.2 M 4400 sewerage, solid waste collection, heating and ventilation, power supply, etc. ) 3 classes each grade 4 Yinfang kindergarten 1 Antique Style 4.1 Building(new classrooms) M2 3043.79 General layout and facilities within the kindergarten (including water supply, 2 4.2 M 3736 sewerage, solid waste collection, heating and ventilation, power supply, etc. ) 2 classes each grade 5 Suxi kindergarten 1 Antique Style

5.1 Building(new classrooms) M2 2040

General layout and facilities within the kindergarten (including water supply, 2 5.2 M 2547 sewerage, solid waste collection, heating and ventilation, power supply, etc. ) Yangguang Community 6 1 4 classes each grade kindergarten 6.1 Building(new classrooms) M2 3168

General layout and facilities within the kindergarten (including water supply, 2 6.2 M 3150.93 sewerage, solid waste collection, heating and ventilation, power supply, etc. ) Information center and 7 associated facilities M2 4448.36 &equipments Note: Two heating exchange stations and four boilers will be installed as heating source by local government in other domestic projects, respectively.

Table III- 3 Education Related Facilities

No. Name of equipments Unit Location Quantity Note 23

Recording and broadcasting classroom the 1st Remote video system kindergarten 1 set 1 1 set per kindergarten for 20 kindergartens Information The general information control center platform kindergarten network equipment 2 set 23 1 set per kindergarten Switches, servers, routers etc. 3 Information management software set 23 1 set per kindergarten Multimedia Classroom: interactive 23 Kindergartens with 12 4 set 23 integrated machine kindergartens classes Kindergartens with 12 5 set 276 ‘Class to class’ equipment classes 6 Color TV set 224 1 set per class 20 7 Digital physical booth set 224 1 set per class kindergartens 8 School monitoring equipment set with 154 classes 38 1 set per kindergarten

Class III School digital broadcasting 9 set 18 38 1 set per kindergarten equipment kindergartens with 70 classes Teachers of 10 Teachers' office computer set 84 Class III

Table III- 4 Major Equipment List of kindergarten facilities

No Description Remark 1 Office Equipments 2 Sports area 3 Role play 4 Scientific activities 5 Structuring and construction 6 Educational area 7 Performance Area 8 Art District 9 Music area 10 Audio and video area 11 Reading area 12 Living facilities

4. Implementation Schedule 28. The component is expected to start construction in July 2015 and complete in June 2016.The overall EMP will be confirmed, updated, and made publicly available , prior to project implementation (civil works), with the with the support of loan implementation consultant .

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

29. The description of the pre-project environment (biophysical and socio-economic) establishes (i) the environmental setting within which the component will be implemented, and therefore needs to be designed to suit, and (ii) the environmental values which will be changed (either negatively or positively) by the component. Both these roles are encompassed by the concept of the “baseline” environment.

1. Physical Environment 30. Location, Geology and Topography. Lingshi is located in the middle part of the Shanxi Province, 150 km from the Taiyuan , the provincial capital city. It has an administrative area of 1,206 km2. Landscape of Lingshi County mainly includes mild mountain area and rocky mountainous valley, with less flat land and bad farming conditions. Jingsheng town is divided into northern loess plateau area and southern gully beach area. The characteristics of the loess plateau area is flat top, deep soil, slope by erosion with gully. The characteristics of the gully beach area is flat with fertile soil. This proposed component will use original land of those kindergartens, the village lands or acquired construction land, of which are all flat terrain and suitable for construction.

31. Climate. Lingshi has warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with windy spring, rainy summer, cool autumn, and cold winter with a little snow. Lingshi County’s territory is affected by topography so that its climate has obvious difference and can roughly be divided into three categories: Valley area warm zone (Valley platform downstream Fen River, Jingsheng River and Renyi River), low mountain cold area (earth and rock area such as Wangyu town, Tanzhen town, Duanchun town, Jiaokou town, Yingwu town, Shuiyu town, and etc.); alpine cold zone (1,200 meters above sea level areas, such as Liangjiayan and Xixu town). Summers are hot with average temperature of 22 ° C . Winters are long with average temperature under 10 °C. It has about 520 millimeters of rainfall annually. Lingshi is also frost-free for 140 days a year. Overall Jingshen town belongs to arid climate of North China. But because of influence of monsoon, it often rains in summer and autumn. Precipitation period is short and fierce, and storm rain is intense, which can cause serious damage.

32. Soil. The proposed site foundation soil’s main bearing layer is the Quaternary shock formation. The construction area is mainly saturated silt and sand soil layer, and the stratum are Quaternary Holocene artificial accumulation and shock cause, stable distribution, with better mechanical properties. This proposed component will utilize the original kindergarten, village land or acquired and planned construction land. The terrain is flat and suitable for construction.

33. Seismicity. According to Shanxi Provincical Engineering Seismic Intensity Map, the area’s designed seismic intensity is 8 degrees.

34. River System And Hydrology. Lingshi County is shortage in water resources and belongs to poor water district of Jinzhong city. Jingsheng town has three major rivers including Xiao river, Zhong river, and Jingsheng river. Among them, Xiao river and Zhong river are the tributaries of Jingsheng river, and combined in the west of the ancient town into Jingsheng river. Jingsheng river, with length about 30 km, is combined by Yan ditch, Hongyan ditch and Sanqi ditch in Jingsheng town. Its township section is 1-in-50-year flood return with maximum peak discharge of 400m3/s..

35. Transport. The component sites are located neaby external transport links, mainly including urban roads, township roads, Dongxia Highway, Dayun expressway. So their access to public transportation is very convenient.

Current Condition Of The Kindergartens With Civil Works

36. The 1st Kindergarten. It is located in the downtown of Lingshi County. At the end of 2012, the number of students is 360. In this area there is another kindergarten with 171 students. But the kindergarten-age population is 500. The number of classrooms are not enough to accommodate the students. So the nearby kindergarten-age students can’t enter this kindergarten.

Figure IV- 1 Current Status of The 1st Kindergarten

37. Jinjie Kindergarten. It is located in Jinjie village within the urban new district. At the end of 2013, the population is 2,500. The kindergarten-age population is 224. The kindergarten and primary school buildings are together, brick structure, with building area of 220 m2 and activity field of 180 m2, with 4 classrooms, 1 offices, without function room.

Figure IV- 2 Designed Jinjie Kindergarten

Figure IV- 3 Current Status of Jinjie Kindergarten

38. Jiguang kindergarten, Yinfang kindergarten and Suxi kindergarten. Jiguang , Yinfang and Suxi villages are center villages along the river and urban extended area, Their populations are increasing year by year.

39. Jiguang kindergarten. Jiguang village’s population is 2,300, including kindergarten-age population of 148. Jiguang kindergarten has no its own independent school, and temporarily uses 3 classrooms(each classroom area of 60 m2) and 2 offices (office area of 50 m2) in Jiguang primary school. The kindergarten has no function room and children's activity ground area is 200 m2 ,It can’t meet standard requirements.

Figure IV- 4 Designed Jiguang kindergarten

Figure IV- 5 Current Status of Jiguang kindergarten

40. Yinfang kindergarten. Yinfang village’s population is 3,200, including kindergarten-age population of 207. Current Yinfang kindergarten is located within the old village committee office building, masonry and old cave dwelling structure, with building area of 400 m2 and activity field is 900 m2. It has 10 classrooms, each classroom area of 32 m2, and 1 offices with area of 30 m2. The kindergarten has no function room. Based on these data, Yinfang kindergarten’s average land per student is 3.42 m2, the average building area per student is 1.05 m2, the average activity site area per student is 2.37 m2, all far lower than the national standards.

Figure IV- 6 Designed Yinfang kindergarten

Figure IV- 7 Current Status of Yinfang kindergarten

41. Suxi kindergarten. Suxi village’s population is 3,000, including kindergarten-age population of 187. Suxi village’s public kindergarten has 147children. In addition, another private kindergarten has more than 40 children.Suxi kindergarten schoolhouse is masonry structure, with building area of 150 m2 and activity field is 1100 m2, with 4 classrooms and each classroom area of 38 m2, 1 offices witharea of 20 m2. The kindergarten has no function room. either far lower than the national standards.

Figure IV- 8 Designed Suxi kindergarten 29

Figure IV- 9 Current Status of Suxi kindergarten

42. Yangguang Community kindergarten. In 2012 , Yangguang Community for geological disasters immigrants located in Jiguang village started construction, and will be completed in 2014. Determined by Lingshi county government on September 7, 2012, the community will accommodate various geological disaster immigrants. The community covers a land area of 257 mu and building area of 250000 m2. It can accommodate more than 10,000 people. So far more than 2,300 people have been relocated there.More than 2000 people will be resettled therein 2014, all the rest will be there in 2015 . At present the community has no any kindergarten.

Figure IV- 10 Designed Yangguang Community kindergarten

Figure IV- 11 Current Status of Yangguang Community kindergarte

2. Baseline of Environmental Quality

43. The component was classified as Category C under PRC classification. Only Environmental Impact Registration Forms (EIRFs) were prepared for the six kindergarten and the facilities &equipments, respectively. These EIRFs are very brief and only provide few details, and have no environmental baseline. Hereby, the environmental baseline is mainly from Jingzhou Prefecture Annual Environmental Report (2013).

44. Air quality. The PRC ranks air quality into 3 classes according to its Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-1996), with Class I being the best air quality and Class III the worst air quality. The monitoring results presented annually average ambient air quality monitoring data on SO2, NO2, and PM10 is summarized in 31

Table IV.1 below, in comparison with GB 3095-1996 Class II and World Bank Group EHS standards, showing compliance with Class II standards on NO2, SO2 and PM10.

Table IV- 1: Annual average Air Quality in Lingshi County in 2012 and 2013 Unit: mg/m3

Pollutant Year PRC Class II (mg/m3) EHS (mg/m3) Complied (World Bank Status 2013 2012 Standard Standard Group 2007) (GB3095- (GB3095-2012) 1996) SO2 0.055 0.055 0.06 0.06 n/a Complied PM10 0.070 0.051 0.10 0.07 0.07 -0.03 Complied (0.02 guideline) NO2 0.027 0.027 0.08 0.04 0.04 guideline Complied Source: Jingzhou Prefecture Annual Environmental Report (2013)

45. Noise. Generally, noise is site-specific. The acoustic quality in the component areas is unavailable. Based on the second public disclosure on environmental impact assessment of Lingshi County master planning by Shanxi Province Environmental Planning Institute, according to analysis results and noise prediction in 2020, traffic noise is still the main sound source. Lingshi County downtown has special terrain between two mountains. The residential, commercial and other areas are distributed in both sides of urban roads. Traffic noise impact on the surrounding environment is significant. With the shift of city center, the noise in old city area will change little, and the noise in the new district will gradually increase . The highway, railway and other traffic lines have large traffic flow, so that traffic noise impact on the surrounding environment is also relatively strong. According to the forecast and analysis of noise, within 150~250 m along both sides of highway, railway center line, traffic noise impact is more serious, should be paid attention with sound insulation and noise reduction.

46. Water Quality. The current water quality of South Wangjiaqiao section at Fen River is heavily polluted, worse than the requirements of Class V in Surface Water Ambient Quality Standard (GB3838－2002).

47. Ground Water Quality. The current ground water quality of three water sources(Jingsheng water supply station, Longwangtan mixing water, Miaopu) can meet Class III in Class III in Surface Water Ambient Quality Standard (GB3838－2002).

3. Ecological Resources

48. The component will utilize the existing idle or construction lands. The existing kindergartens and schools are Classified by urban/town ecological setting already influenced and disturbed by human activities, dominated by herbaceous species and plantations, and of low ecological value. And no land acquisition will be required. No rare or endangered wildlife species in the areas of the 6 kindergartens, or no impingement of the proposed works on any habitat area were reported. Therefore, no adverse impact on such species is likely to occur during the construction activities. All sites will be re-vegetated after construction in accordance with the FSR.

Table IV- 2 Land Acquisition Status of All Subcomponents

Land Land Site Current Planned Land No. Subcomponent aream2 acquisition Status Category m2

Land Land Site Current Planned Land No. Subcomponent aream2 acquisition Status Category m2 the 1st kindergarten Upgraded within Educational 1 5600 0 existing site facilities Jinjie kindergarten Within old primary Educational 2 5033 0 school facilities Jiguang kindergarten Within old primary Educational 3 4400 0 school facilities Yinfang kindergarten Within old primary Educational 4 3736 0 school facilities Suxi kindergarten Within the old Construction 5 2547 0 village committee land office building Yangguang Community Educational 6 3150.93 0 Acquired kindergarten facilities Information center and Within the 1st Educational 7 associated facilities - - &equipments kindergarten facilities

Total 24466.93 0

4. Socioeconomic Conditions 49. Gross Domestic Product. Lingshi is rich in mineral resources, especially in coal, gypsum, and pyrite. Its coal bearing area is 860 km2, accounted for 71.3% of the total area of the county. Its gypsum reserves are 17.2 tons, and is second gypsum mining area in the North China. Its pyrite reserves are 2 tons, and is one of the main production base of countrywide coal pyrite. In recent years Lingshi's economy has shown strong development tendency. Lingshi's 2014 nominal GDP was about CNY 18 billion.

50. Demographics, Ethnic Minorities. Lingshi has a total population of 252 thousand. Of which, the ethnic minorities accounts for 0.21 % .

51. Physical cultural resources. Lingshi county cultural relics are numerous and it is rich in tourism resources. The county has a total of 46 cultural relics, of which 5 are national level and 1 is provincial level. Located in the southeast of the county, Gypsum Mountain Forest Park is a national forest park and provincial scenic spot.

52. Jingsheng Ancient Town is located 12 kilometers to the northeast Lingshi County in Shanxi Province, northern China. Old Wang's Family Mansion, country houses, Red Temple and Wenbi Pagoda are built along the small river, which is flowing through the ancient town. The old architecture testifies the Jingsheng's long history, demonstrates its profound traditional Chinese culture and integrates the man-made scenery with the Mother Nature. Nowadays, businesses, pawnshops, fresh water wells, flagstone-paved streets and theater stages document the past glory.

53. Consultations with the relevant cultural authority and site investigation during the IEE and EIRFs showed that the component-influenced areas do not have any known cultural or historical sites. Should buried artifacts of archaeological significance be uncovered during the construction stage within the project areas, construction will be stopped and immediately reported to the Lingshi Cultural Heritage Bureau in accordance with the PRC’s Cultural Heritage Protection Law.

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

1. Introduction 54. The component’s environment, health and safety implications were assessed during preparation. Impacts that will arise from civil works will be minimal and localized. During the construction phase, the major negative environmental impacts are associated with increased level of noise and dust due to the usage of heavy vehicles and construction equipment. Waste soil and construction debris will be generated because of building deconstruction, earth excavation, soil back cover, concrete structure, etc. During the operation phase, no significant environmental impacts are anticipated. All kindergartens are located in education development zones with access to necessary public utilities such as wastewater sewers, electricity, solid waste collection system and water supply. The following sections discusses anticipated impacts as well as the mitigation measures defined in the environment management plan (EMP), presented in Appendix EMP.

2. Screening of Potential Impacts, Sensitive Receptors 55. The potential impacts were screened during the IEE process in order to (i) identify the relative significance of potential impacts from the activities of the proposed outputs and sub-outputs; (ii) establish the scope of the assessment which assists in focusing on major, critical, and specific impacts; and (iii) enable flexibility in regard to consideration of new issues, such as those that reflect the requirements by ADB’s SPS.

56. The screening process showed that this component, involving civil works in 6 kindergartens, was with potential environmental impacts. The component impact area will be confined to the school premises. No significant direct impacts outside the schools are anticipated. The main emissions relating to the construction, operation and deconstruction of buildings are indicated in Figure V-1.

Figure V- 1: Major Emissions Of Buildings During Construction, Operation And Deconstruction

57. During the construction phase, the major negative environmental impacts are associated with increased level of noise and dust due to the usage of heavy vehicles and building mechanization. In the phase of construction, waste soil and construction debris will be generated because of excavation, soil back cover, concrete structure, etc. Risks to occupational and community health and safety from construction activities are also considered potentially significant.

58. During the operation phase, no significant environmental impacts and risks are anticipated. Minor concerns include noise from the air-conditioners and ventilation facilities, teaching wastes, municipal solid waste and domestic sewage. To ensure that component facilities will be safe, energy efficient and green, the Implementing Agency (IA) agreed that all buildings shall comply with relevant design standards and codes, including but not limited to: GB 50176-1993 (Thermal Design Code for Public Buildings); GB/T 50378-2006 (Evaluation Standard for Green Buildings); GB 50099-2011 (Code for design of schools); GB 50016-2006 (Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention); DB45/T392 (Energy Conservation Design for Public Buildings) and other applicable national design codes. The strategy aims to create a healthy, environmental friendly, economic and socially responsible living and learning environment for all children and staff.

59. The results of the impact screening are shown in Table V.2 below. Impacts during construction and operation phases are considered separately in the following sections.

Table V- 1: Screening of Environmental Impacts

Project Assessment Potential for Impact Phase Item Construction Wastewater Domestic sewage from workers; Washing wastewater; Air Vehicles and exhaust gas from mechanical facilities

Noise Noise from bulldozers; excavators and loader; pile driving machines; concrete mixer; vibrator and electric saw; hoist and lifter Solid waste Municipal and construction wastes, especially from the demolition buildings Soil Erosion with surface runoff

Health and safety Construction site safety; Occupational health and safety; safety of students and staff during construction activities (including construction traffic). Operation Wastewater Waste cooling water containing oil; domestic sewage from buildings; Air Cooking oil fumes from the restaurants of the campuses

Noise Noise from air-conditioners and ventilation facilities

Solid waste Municipal waste and waste from mechanical practice

Health and safety Fire and earthquake safety; indoor air quality and light; waste management; water supply; campus traffic management; etc.

60. Sensitive receptors. During the domestic EIRFs, the component outputs with civil works, sensitive receptors within and around the kindergartens of the involved 6 kindergartens were identified. But no any details were provided due to very limited impacts within short period.

Table V- 2: Sensitive Receptors within Project Area of Influence

Sub- Sensitive Distance to construction site Sensitivities outputs Receptors 1st Residential Noise, air areas (under construction)

Suxi

Yangguang

3. Impacts of Kindergarten Building Facade Design On Jingsheng Ancient Town Protection

61. As mentioned in the para. 47, Jingsheng ancient town has important heritage value. 5 out of the all 6 kindergartens are within Jingsheng town, although within boundaries of existing or recently established primary schools. According to Jingsheng Town Historic Protection Planning in Lingshi County of Shanxi province (April, 2006). Jingsheng Town was divided into two levels of township and town to determine the scope of famous historical and cultural protection. Its township ranges along the Jingsheng River valley, west to Nanpu Village, east to Jingjie Village, and villages in line from west to east: Nanpu, Suxi , Yinfang, Jingsheng, Jiguang and Jingjie. The scope of township is only limited within Jingsheng Village. This component will involve the building facade style requirements of Suxi , Yinfang, Jiguang and Jingjie kindergartens, which will meet the architectural style and main color requirements of Jingsheng famous historical and cultural protection.

4. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction

62. The following impacts and mitigation measures refer to construction impacts which are mostly common to all 6 kindergartens (including the information center). Construction will require soil erosion protection and spoil management, construction wastewater management, dust and noise control as well as management of the impacts from machinery operation, transport and haulage of materials and measures to ensure occupational and community health and safety.

a. Impacts to Physical and Biological Environment

63. Impacts on soil. Three types of potential impacts on soil include (i) soil erosion, (ii) soil contamination, and (iii) inappropriate management of spoil. Details of impacts are listed below: (i) Soil erosion. May be caused by construction, excavation, and borrow pits, stockpiles and spoils from earthwork during construction of buildings and grading. The factors that are expected to contribute to accelerated erosion in the component area are winds and rainfall, especially during the rainy months of June to August. Construction works should be programmed to minimize soil excavation works in rainy seasons. If erosion prevention measures described below in the construction phase are implemented, no significant induced soil erosion is anticipated. (ii) Soil contamination. Contamination of soil in the construction phase may result from the inappropriate transfer, storage, and disposal of petroleum products, chemicals, liquids and solid waste. (iii) Spoil and deconstruction waste disposal. Significant spoil disposal will not be required, and potential impacts will be short-term and localized. But, the outdated building demolition spoil should be appropriately disposed in a designated landfill (discussed further below).

64. Mitigation of impacts on soil. The construction sites in the all 6 kindergartens (including the information center) targeted by the component are relatively small and the impacts on soil will be mitigated 37

through a number of remedial measures which are defined in the EMP, which shall be defined in construction contracts and the site-EMPs, to be developed by contractors: (i). Soil erosion. If soil excavation cannot be avoided during rainy season or at any time of the year when rainstorms are likely, temporarily exposed slope surface should be covered e.g. by tarpaulin. Arrangements should be in place to ensure that adequate surface protection measures can be carried out well before the arrival of rainstorm. Since disturbed areas are relatively small, the plan can be an overlay to the site plan showing how runoff will be controlled at site perimeter to control soil and water runoff, and how disturbed areas will be reclaimed. (ii). Soil contamination. (a) Store small amount of chemicals/hazardous products at short time and waste on impermeable surfaces in secure, covered areas, (b) Remove all construction wastes from the site to approved waste disposal sites, (c) Establish Spill Management Plan, (d) Provide spill cleanup measures and equipment at each construction site, and (e) Conduct training in emergency spill response procedures.

65. Impacts On Surface And Groundwater. Site dewatering is not needed for foundation construction as depth of groundwater is below foundation limits at all sites. No impacts to groundwater resources are anticipated in either the construction or operation phases of the component. The major risk to groundwater and surface waters is through spills of dangerous substances, and inappropriate construction waste management. The potential risks to surface and groundwater will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP, which will be incorporated construction contracts and clearly defined in site-EMPs to be developed by the Contractors. (i). Develop and implement spill management plan. (ii). Construction wastes and materials (e.g. fuel) shall be properly contained during construction. Wastes shall be removed from the construction sites and taken to approved disposal facilities. (iii). Water collection basins and sediment traps shall be installed in all areas where construction equipment is washed. (iv). Wastewater generated from the washing down of mixer trucks and drum mixers and similar equipment should wherever practicable be recycled. The discharge of wastewater should be kept to a minimum. Surplus wastewater and wastewater generated from building construction activities, including concreting, plastering, cleaning of works and similar activities should be discharged in to sewer after removal of solids in a silt removal facility. (v). Sewage from temporary toilets, kitchens and similar facilities should be stored in an on-site facility (such as septic tank), emptied regularly and transported to a designated wastewater treatment plant for further treatment.

66. Impacts On Air Quality. Minor temporary air quality impacts during the construction stage of the component are anticipated due to fugitive dust generation in and around the 6 kindergartens. Minor increases in the level of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur oxides (SOx) from construction plants and machinery are expected. These construction phase impacts will be localized and temporary, but could affect the existing kindergarten(1st) children and primary school (Jinjie, Jiguang, Yinfang)students and staff as well as nearby residential areas. The potential impacts on air quality will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP, to be reflected in site-EMPs of Contractors. The civil works contract documents will specify that: (i) Water shall be sprayed on construction sites where fugitive dust is generated. (ii) Fuel & chemicals shall be covered / stored to minimize emissions. (iii) Trucks carrying earth, sand or stone shall be covered with tarps or other suitable cover to avoid spilling. (iv) Construction vehicles and machinery shall be maintained to a high standard to ensure efficient fuel- burning. (v) Regular air quality monitoring shall be undertaken in around the existing kindergartens and primary schools in accordance with the environmental monitoring plan. (vi) Contractors and the IA shall regularly consult the existing kindergartens and primary schools students and staff as well as nearby residents to identify concerns, and implement additional measures as necessary. 38

(vii) Perimeter fences shall be constructed at each site prior to construction to limit access to the construction site. The fence shall be at least 2m high and be able to bear. The perimeter fence will have cumulative benefits of dust mitigation, noise diffusion and community safety.

67. Solid Waste Management. Inadequate disposal of construction wastes could have adverse impacts on soil, water and health of workers and the students and staff of the existing kindergartens and primary schools, as well as nearby communities. Waste streams will include inert construction wastes (soil, debris, concrete etc), municipal type wastes (construction workers’ food and packaging wastes from construction consumables) and potentially hazardous wastes (fuel containers, oil filters, oily rags etc.).

68. For the 5 existing kindergartens, the old buildings will be demolished . Deconstruction waste will mainly include concrete, bricks, glass, steel bar and woods. The presence of asbestos or asbestos containing materials (ACM) is deconstruction waste is highly unlikely as no ACM were used for insulation in the existing buildings that will be demolished. This was confirmed through visual spot-checks during IEE and EIRFs. Should hazardous materials be found during deconstruction, the IA and contractors will immediately inform the LEPB and recruit a specialized treatment center for final disposal.

69. The potential impacts arising from solid waste production and disposal will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP. Construction waste shall be transported by licensed agencies and the transport vehicles should be cleaned timely. The following measures will be incorporated in construction contracts and reflected in the site-EMPs of the Contractors: (i) Storage and containment: Provide appropriate waste storage containers for worker’s construction and hazardous wastes; Install confined storage points of solid wastes away from sensitive receptors, regularly haul to an approved disposal facility; (ii) Use of contractors: Use licensed contractors to remove wastes from the construction sites; (iii) Management: Prohibit burning of waste. (iv) Reuse the construction waste from demolished buildings as possible. The fragments of waste concrete, bricks and stones can be used for backfill. The construction waste that cannot be reused shall be transported to the designated sites.

70. Noise. The major sources of noise pollution are movement of construction vehicles, the haulage of construction materials to the construction sites and the noise generating activities at the sites. Concrete mixing and material movements are the primary noise generating activities and will be uniformly distributed over the entire construction period.

71. Each construction machine can be treated as one point noise source. The point source noise attenuation formula and noise superimposed formula have been used to predict the major construction machinery noise impacts during construction.

Point source noise attenuation formula:

Noise superimposed formula:

72. Without consideration of the construction fence contribution to machinery noise attenuation (i.e., the △ L=0), machinery attenuation only rely on spatial distance natural attenuation, the intensity and scope of the noise caused by the component have been modeled (Table V.3).

Table V- 3: Predictive noises of construction machinery with various distances (Unit: dB(A))

Major construction Predictive noise values Distances machinery required to meet with Emission Standards of Environment Noise for Boundary of Site Noise GB 12523-2011 (m) 10m 20m 40m 80m 160m 200m day night Loader 78.0 71.9 65.9 59.9 57.2 56.1 53 225 Excavator 78 .0 71.9 65.9 59.0 56.6 56.0 53 225 Bulldozer 78.0 71.9 65.9 59.9 57.2 56.1 53 225 Pneumatic hammer, 88.0 81.9 75.9 69.9 59.1 57.8 120 359 pneumatic drills Air compressor 88.0 81. 75.9 69.9 59.1 57.8 120 359

Static pressure piling 78.0 71.9 65.9 59.9 57.2 56.1 53 225

Tower crane 73.0 66.9 58.9 54.9 54.2 48.9 30 159 Bar Straightening Machine 78.0 71.9 65.9 59.9 57.2 56.1 53 225

Stone cutting machine 83.0 79 70.9 64.9 57.9 57.1 90 292

Chainsaw 73.0 66.9 60.9 54.9 57.2 56.1 53 159 Hammer 73.0 66.9 60.9 54.9 57.2 56.1 53 159 Multi-function woodworking plane 83.0 76.9 70.9 64.9 57.9 57.1 92 292 All of machineries 93.1 87.0 81.0 75.0 72.6 68.2 200 400 operated at the same time

73. Table V.3 shows that the construction machinery noise in the unobstructed case, and single machine used, the scope of the environmental impact at daytime will be 30-159m distance and at night it will be 159 to 359m distance to meet construction site boundary environmental noise emission standards "(GB12523-2011) requirements. If all of the machinery and equipment operate at the same time, the distance should be as far as 227m at daytime and 427m at night that can meet the requirements of the Construction field boundary environmental noise emission standard ”(GB 12523-2011).

74. Construction activities will take place within the existing kindergartens and schools, near existing buildings and noise-sensitive receivers as identified in Table V.2. Contractors shall regulate their construction activities and implement the following mitigation measures to ensure compliance with the relevant provisions of the PRC Environmental Noise Pollution Prevention Ordinance : (i) Limit construction working hours from 08:00–20:00H. Nighttime works should only be conducted in exceptional cases, and a permit should be obtained for that purpose. Potentially affected people including children or students, staff and nearby residents should be informed in advance. (ii) Maintain equipment and machinery in good working order; undertake regular equipment maintenance, ensure compliance with PRC standard of GB 12523-2011. (iii) Locate sites for concrete-mixing and similar activities at least 300 m from sensitive areas if without any mitigations. (iv) Reach an agreement with the existing kindergartens and schools management and nearby residents regarding the timing of heavy machinery work, to avoid any unnecessary disturbances; (v) Monitor noise within the existing kindergartens and schools and at nearby sensitive areas at regular intervals (as defined in the monitoring plan). (vi) Install temporary anti-noise barriers to shield kindergartens and school buildings where noncompliance with Category 2 in Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB3096-2008) is monitored. (vii) Seek suggestions from the existing kindergartens and schools management and potentially affected sensitive receptors to reduce noise annoyance. Disseminate information on procedure of handling complaints through the grievance redress mechanism.

75. Flora And Fauna. The existing kindergartens and schools are typified by urban ecological setting already influenced and disturbed by human activities, dominated by herbaceous species and plantations, and of low ecological value. Field investigations have established that there are no threatened or endangered flora and fauna species within the component’s direct area of influence. Therefore, no adverse impact on such species is likely to occur during the construction activities. All sites will be re-vegetated after construction in accordance with the FSR.

b. Socioeconomic Impacts

76. Land Acquisition And Resettlement. No involuntary resettlement effects are foreseen and the component is classified as a Category C project for resettlement. There is no land acquisition and resettlement (LAR) involved since all construction activities are within the perimeter of the existing school. The LAR work was completed prior to the commencement of the component. In accordance with ADB requirements, LAR due diligence has been conducted to confirm that LAR conformed with relevant PRC and ADB policies. Should there be any change in scope or other changes with unanticipated resettlement impacts during implementation, land acquisition and resettlement activities will be implemented in accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

77. Economic displacement. There will be no economic displacement or impacts on livelihoods through environmental media associated with the project.

78. Loss of Physical Cultural Resources. There is no record of important heritage or archaeological sites on the 6 kindergartens. Should archaeological objects be discovered during site works, government requirements for excavating and preserving those items will be strictly followed. The mitigation measures will include immediate suspension of construction activities if any archaeological or other cultural relics are encountered. The relevant cultural relic protection authorities, as well as the implementing agency and SPMO, will be promptly notified, and construction will resume only after thorough investigation and with the permission of the appropriate authority. This requirement is included in the EMP.

79. Risks to community health and safety (including children/students and staff). Construction sites will be located close to existing kindergarten/school buildings and residential areas , representing a threat to 41

public health and safety. The potential impacts on community health and safety will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP (in addition to the measures defined to control noise and dust). The contractors will implement the following measures: (i) Traffic management. Contractors will prepare temporary traffic control and operation plans in consultation with existing kindergarten/school management and local traffic police prior to construction. The plans shall include provisions for diverting or scheduling construction traffic to avoid peak traffic hours, main teaching activities such as exams, regulating traffic at road crossings with an emphasis on ensuring public safety through clear signage. Contractors shall designate staff members to control traffic during on-school and off-school hours. (ii) Access to construction sites. All sites will be made secure, discouraging access through appropriate fencing. Heavy machinery will not be used after day light and all such equipment will be returned to its overnight storage area/position. (iii) Information and communication. In conjunction with the kindergarten/school management, the Contractor shall hold a meeting prior to commencing construction to discuss issues associated with ensuring the safety of children/students and staff, as well as nearby communities, in the vicinity of the construction site. Clear signs will be placed at construction sites in view of the people at risk (including children/students, staff and nearby communities), warning people of potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc and raising awareness on safety issues.

80. Occupational health and safety. The civil works contractors will implement adequate precautions to protect the health and safety of construction workers. Each contractor will prepare a Site-EMP on the basis of the EMP. It will be submitted to the implementing agency and SPMO for review and appraisal.

81. Utilities provision interruption. At the 6 kindergartens construction sites, construction may require relocation of local utilities such as water, sewers and communication cables. Temporary suspension of services (planned or accidental) can affect the kindergartens/schools ’ daily operation. The potential impacts on utilities provision will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP (and flagged as assurance in the project agreement), to be incorporated in construction contracts and the site-EMPs of the Contractors: (i) Contractors shall assess potential disruption to services and identify risks before starting construction. (ii) If temporary disruption is unavoidable the Contractor will develop a plan to minimize the disruption and communicate the dates and duration in advance to all affected people, in conjunction with the kindergartens/schools management.

5. Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures during Operation 82. No major environmental impacts are anticipated during the operation of component facilities. The component facilities will create emissions (summarized in Table V.4 and discussed below), but these can easily be addressed by integrating new facilities into the TVET institutions’ and the municipal services (water supply, solid waste and wastewater collection and disposal). To ensure high level of school health and safety, the project facilities will comply with relevant design standards and codes for energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings, including but not limited to: GB 50189-2005 (Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings); GB 50176-1993 (Thermal Design Code for Public Buildings); GB/T 50378-2006 (Evaluation Standard for Green Buildings); and GB 50099-2011 (Code for design of schools). Adherence to PRC green public procurement policies will be targeted for equipment and appliances procurement12. .

Table V- 4 : Main Emissions and Proposed Abatement Measures

Subcomponent Assessment Pollution Pollutant Anticipated Disposal/Measure Item Source Amount s 6 kindergartens Wastewater Domestic SS, COD, 194.66 m3/d Municipal sewer and the wastewater NH3-N 42

information Solid waste Municipal SW Domestic 2 t/d Reuse as possible; center waste Landfill by sanitation contractor Teaching Cardboard, X t/a Reuse as possible practice paper

Noise Fan and air 75 -85 dB(A) Insulation facilities conditioner

83. Waste Gas Emissions From Cooking And Heating. Waste gas will be produced in the canteens and gas fired boilers of the 6 kindergartens. Restaurant cooking oil fumes will be emitted through the standpipe chimney leading to the building top. Kitchen cooking oil fume purification devices will be installed for purification of the fumes generated. The emissions will satisfy the requirements of GB18483-2001 (Cooking oil fume emission standard). The 1st kindergarten and Yangguang community kindergarten will be connected to urban central heating system. The other 4 kindergartens will use gas fired boilers, which will be funded by local government and use clean energy to comply with national standards.

84. Water Supply. For the 6 kindergartens and the information center, it is estimated that the total number of students will reach 1,650with a water demand of 52282.86 m3/a (excluding fire prevention), which could be satisfied by the existing municipal water supply system.

85. Storm water. Storm water from school roads will be discharged into the municipal storm water drainage system.

86. Wastewater Collection And Treatment. The 6 kindergartens and the information center will produce 194.66 m3/d , of domestic wastewater. More details are presented below. The kindergartens’ restaurant wastewater will be firstly treated by oil separation tank then with other general domestic wastewater combined into the kindergartens sewage pipes. After pre-treated by underground septic tanks, the sewer will be discharged into the municipal sewer line, which will be connected to the Lingshi WWTP

87. Solid Waste And Waste Management Strategy. During operation, the 6 kindergartens and the information center will generate solid wastes such as paper, cardboard, plastics, and general refuse by routine activities. The amount of solid waste to be disposed (see Table V.4) can be reduced through the application of 3R’s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. The Green School Policy will identify options to reduce, re-use and recycle waste on kindergartens. 6 kindergartens management, with support of LIC specialists, will develop and implement a waste management and minimization strategy. Solid waste shall be segregated into biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste. Where recycling is feasible, these wastes will be stored in segregated bins and removed as required. Other solid wastes will be removed by sanitary contractors on a regular basis and disposed to designated municipal landfill sites.

88. Energy Conservation. The 6 kindergartens and the information center are committed to energy- efficiency and resources conservation. The component will adopt the technologies included in the national Design Standard For Residential Buildings Energy Efficiency In Severe Cold And Cold Regions (JGJ26-2010), and Shanxi Province local standard- Design Standard For Residential Building Energy Efficiency (DBJ04-242- 2012) , such as (i) building energy conservation; and (ii) equipments installation energy conservation.

89. Emergency Preparedness And Response. The 5 existing kindergartens’ safety and emergency preparedness and response systems have been reviewed and strengthened during preparation. The systems will be linked to the city’s EPRS. The fire evacuation design of buildings follows the “Architectural Design Code

for Fire Protection” (GB50016-2006) and “Fire Protection Design for Tall Residential Buildings” (GB50045-95) (2005).

90. Environment Management Systems. The above listed operational issues will be further assessed and defined through the development and implementation of an environment management system. A commitment to strengthen environment, health and safety management systems for The 6 kindergartens and the information center targeted by the component will be incorporated into the loan PAM documentation as loan covenants to ensure that the measures are implemented in a timely and complete fashion.

VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

1. Environmental Considerations

91. During the project preparation, various alternatives have been proposed, screened against technical, economic, energy efficiency, as well as environmental criteria. In terms of the environmental consideration for the alternatives, the primary objective was to identify and adopt options with the least adverse environmental impacts and maximum environmental benefits. Alternatives were compared in terms of their potential environmental impact, the feasibility of mitigating these impacts, capital and recurrent costs, impacts on land acquisition and resettlement, suitability under local conditions, as well as emission reduction.

2. Alternatives Related to the Proposed Water Supply Improvement Component

i) With and Without Project Alternatives

92. The Project provides modern facilities and provide state-of-art equipments in Lingshi County to realize balanced development of preschool education service supply and demand, improve quality of educational leadership and management including mentoring and monitoring; speed up construction of Jingsheng New District and Improve overall urbanization in Lingshi County, eventually accelerate development of small towns; and promote modernization and informationization of preschool education and play demonstration role and benchmarking.. Without these, the outdated facilities would continue to be provided to the children hampering quality preschool teaching-learning processes. In addition, there would be no sufficient space to accommodate kindergarten-age children with the increased population and city development.

ii) Technical Alternative

93. Selection criterions.  Building function should meet requirements of children's activities and rest, avoid logistical and children's activities to interfere with each other, and be simple, compact as well as accessible.  Building elevation design elements should be in compliance with children's lively personality requirements and eliminate dangers of outdoor playgrounds for children.  Economic. 94. Based on the above, the technical alternatives are shown below. According to the below comparisons, in adherence to the design principles of economic, practical, safe and sufficient, the alternative 1 was selected.

Table VI- 1 Comparisons of Technical Alternatives

Subcomponent Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Notes (Proposed) The Preschool More active scheme of Architectural scheme is Education Information elevation, but higher similar with "L" shape. Center And Lingshi cost and construction is Two schemes of County First more complex elevation are very Kindergarten different also with different color. Jinjie kindergarten Layout: inlet located at Layout: inlet located in Because of land the connection between the south of the limitation, within the the north of the building building, limiting the site primary school. and music &sports space of the south, and room, so the entrance north of venue is not Main entrance are for pick-up is separated reasonable used. located in the east, but from children's activity different inlet locations area, which is beneficial

to children's safety. Jiguang kindergarten ‚ ┏ ‛ shape, more ‚ 一 ‛ shape, more flexible, forthcoming rigid, music &sports division, clear function room is very irregular, indoor furniture arrangement inconvenient Yin fang kindergarten Facade: antique bright and yellow similar schemes architectural style in line facade, not in line with with the characteristics the surrounding of the ancient town buildings. Suxi kindergarten ‚┛‛shape, Upgrade original Facade: antique imitation cave, although architectural style in line use the original with the characteristics construction, but the of the ancient town internal structure of the cave is brick-mixed with smals cave area, cannot meet the requirements of children's activities. Yangguang community centralized, outdoor open, inverted "U" type, Tense construction land kindergarten activity place is with more land, venues needs reasonable and arranged on the western are tight, costly. compact building side of the building scheme Source: FSR.

VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

1. Legislative Framework for Public Consultation

95. Public participation and consultation in the evaluation of component planning, feasibility study, design and implementation is an important environment safeguards requirement; it can directly reflect the public’s perceptions on environmental quality in the project’s area of influence. Relevant provisions in the Environmental Protection Law of PRC and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (Order of the State Council, No. 253) require that domestic environmental impact assessments shall solicit the opinions of units concerned and inhabitants of component construction site. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) also has detailed and strict requirements on meaningful participation, consultation and information disclosure. The consultation process for this project therefore followed both the PRC requirements and the ADB requirements.

96. Information disclosure and public consultation for each subcomponent involving civil works have been conducted during preparation of the FSR, the domestic EIRFs and the IEE. It should be noted that no information disclosure and public consultation is required according to domestic requirements for EIRF preparation and approval. The IA specially conducted additional information disclosure and public consultation for this ADB component. Information disclosure and consultation included informal communication with key stakeholders which included residents and a questionnaire survey.

2. Information Disclosure

97. Proposed civil works, including type and location of new buildings, as well as construction schedule, were disclosed in all kindergartens/schools where civil works will take place (Table VII.1). The IEE will be disclosed on ADB’s project website, and the whole ADB Project’s annual environmental monitoring reports will be disclosed by ADB. The domestic EIRFs are available from the PMO on request.

Table VII- 1 Information Disclosure

Subcomponent Information Disclosure Date Location Posted

The Preschool Education March 2015 Nearby the kindergarten/school Information Center And Lingshi County First Kindergarten Jinjie kindergarten March 2015 Nearby the kindergarten Jiguang kindergarten March 2015 Nearby the kindergarten Yinfang kindergarten March 2015 Nearby the kindergarten Suxi kindergarten March 2015 Nearby the kindergarten Yangguang community March 2015 Nearby the kindergarten kindergarten

3. Consultation

98. Meaningful public consultation for each subcomponent was undertaken by the IA under assistance from the LIEC.

99. For the component, the domestic TERFs were completed in June to December 2014. Despite the fact that public consultation is not mandatory for category C projects according to PRC regulations, the project team decided to include the component and people potentially affected by the construction of the 6 kindergartens in the consultation process. The consultation included a questionnaire survey, conducted by the IA in March 2015 to those residents nearby and school staff/teachers. The component background, such as location; content, major environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures, were presented. 66 copies were distributed, completed and collected (100%). Information on participants is presented in Table VII.2; the questionnaire questions and responses are presented in Table VII.3. The questions are included in the below: (i) Are you satisfied with local environmental quality? (ii) Are you satisfied with to the site locations? (iii) What are the main adverse impacts during construction? (iv) Most concerned environmental issues during operation. (v) Would you accept the component if all environmental mitigation measures are well implemented? (vi) Any environmental impacts from this component? (vii) Any living quality impacts from this component? (viii) Overall attitudes to the component. (ix) Any other suggestions or recommendations.

Table VII- 2 Summary of Public Consultation

Subcomponent Public Consultation

Date Method The Preschool Education March 2015 Questionnaire survey Information Center And Lingshi County First Kindergarten Jinjie kindergarten March 2015 Questionnaire survey Jiguang kindergarten March 2015 Questionnaire survey Yinfang kindergarten March 2015 Questionnaire survey Suxi kindergarten March 2015 Questionnaire survey Yangguang community kindergarten March 2015 Questionnaire survey Source: Linshi PMO.

Figure VII- 1: Sample Questionnaire Within Nearby Communities

100. Based on the results shown in the above tables, 100% of the consulted public is supportive of the component. The consulted public made several suggestions for mitigating the potential adverse environmental and social impacts:(i) construction activities close to residential areas should stop between 10:00 pm and 7:00 am; (ii) heavy construction equipment located in close proximity to the schools/kindergartens and residential areas should be fitted with noise suppression apparatus; and (iii) dust-generating construction vehicles should be covered and dusty construction areas sprayed with water. Most of these suggestions have been incorporated in the EIA reports documents and the updated EMP.

4. Future Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 101. Public involvement during construction and operation phases will mainly rely on informal interviews with the staffs from 6 kindergartens and nearby residents. The implementing agency and civil works Contractors will consult potentially affected people during their regular site inspections. The component’s environmental information will be disclosed by the executing agency and ADB. Semi-annual environment monitoring and EMP implementation reports will be disclosed on ADB’s project website

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

1. Proposed Mechanism 102. A grievance redress mechanism (GRM) was defined in compliance with ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement to prevent and address community concerns. In addition to serving as a platform to resolve grievances, the GRM has been designed to help establish an environment of trust and an open channel for effective communication, including the identification of new environmental issues of concern arising from the project.

103. In consultation with the SPMO, LPMO and the IA, it was agreed that a Public Complaint Center (PCC) will be established within the SPMO/LPMO/IA. The PCC will instruct contractors, IA and construction supervision companies (CSC) if people complain about the component. The PCC will coordinate with the local government and EPB, as necessary, and will be supported by the environment specialist of the project implementation support.

104. The contact persons for different GRM entry points (contractors, IA, PCC) will be identified prior to construction. The contact details for each entry point (including phone numbers, e-mail addresses, and postal address) will be disclosed on information boards at all construction sites.

105. The PCC will establish a GRM tracking and documentation system. The system will include the following elements: (i) tracking forms and procedures for gathering information from project personnel and complainant(s); (ii) a process for informing stakeholders about the status of a case; and (iii) a procedure to retrieve data for reporting purposes, including the periodic reports to ADB.

2. Types of Grievances Expected and Eligibility Assessment 106. Public grievances addressed by the GRM will most likely be limited to environmental issues during the construction phase. Grievances will most likely relate to dust emissions, construction noise, disposal of waste materials in inappropriate places, and inadequate construction site safety.

107. Eligible complaints include those where (i) the complaint pertains to the component; and (ii) the issues arising in the complaint fall within the scope of environmental issues that the GRM is authorized to address. Ineligible complaints include those where: (i) the complaint is clearly not project-related; and (ii) the nature of the issue is outside the mandate of the environment GRM (such as issues related to allegations of fraud or corruption). Complaints ineligible to the GRM will be recorded and passed onto relevant authority. Meanwhile, the complainant will be informed of the decision and the reasons for rejection.

3. GRM Procedure and Timeframe 108. Procedures and timeframes for the grievance redress process are as follows:

(i) Stage 1: The affected person should submit an oral or written petition/complaint to the village committee or neighbor-hood committee or constructor/construction supervisor. For an oral complaint, the village committee or neighbor-hood committee must make written records properly and give a clear reply within 2 weeks and convey the petition/complaint to the IAs or construction contractors. The IAs and/or construction contractors should give appropriate response to the affected person and convey the response to the relevant village committee or neighbor-hood.

(ii) Stage 2: If the complainant is not satisfied with the reply in Stage 1, he/she can appeal to the township government/sub-district office after receiving the reply in Stage 1 and the township government/sub-district office will deal with the complaint within 2 weeks and convey the petition/complaint to the IAs or construction contractors. The IAs and/or construction contractors should give appropriate response to the affected person and convey the response to the relevant township government/sub-district office. (iii) Stage 3: If the affected person is still not satisfied with the reply in Stage 2, he or she can appeal to County/District EPBs. The District EPBs must give a reply within 30 days and convey the petition/complaint to the IAs or construction contractors. The IAs and/or construction contractors should give appropriate response to the affected person and convey the response to the relevant District EPBs. (iv) Stage 4: If the affected person is still not satisfied with the reply of county/District EPBs, he/she can appeal to PMO or Municipal EPB after receiving the reply of Stage 3. They also have the right to appeal to the civil court within 3 months of receiving the reply.

109. The implementing agency, contractor, and PCC shall accept the complaints/grievances lodged by the AP free of charge. Any cost incurred should be covered by the contractor or the contingency of the component. The grievance procedures will remain valid throughout the duration of component construction and until project closure.

Grievances/complaints by individuals, groups, or institutions

Oral or written Oral or written Step 1 grievance grievance (max. 1 week)

GRM entry points Solve problem

Community leaders, neighborhood Contractors, organizations, local authorities, etc. District EPBs Operators

Inform if solved, Forward if not solved Step 2 Complainant, (max. 2 weeks) consult EPB, PMO, PIC, PPCCPCC (PIC) Contractors, advise Operators

Inform if solved, Solution Forward if not solved Complainant, EA, Step 3 found consult EPB, GEPD, GRM Coordinator (GPMO) PMO, PIC, (max. 1 month) advise Contractors, Operators Solution not found

Solution Step 4 found ADB Project Team (max. 3 months) (Special Mission)

Implement solution Implementation Grievance related Grievance related to Solution (7-14 days) to construction design/operation found

Contractor/PIC PMO/EA/PIC/operator

: Figure VIII- 1 Proposed Project Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

110. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared for the component. It is an essential document to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures.

111. The EMP defines all potential impacts of different subcomponent outputs and the mitigation and protection measures with the objective of avoiding or reducing these impacts to acceptable levels. The EMP also defines the institutional arrangements and mechanisms, the roles and responsibilities of different institutions, procedures and budgets for implementation of the EMP. The EMP is based on the EIRFs and feasibility study report (FSR), and draws on the findings of the component IEE, LIEC and ADB review mission discussions and agreements with the relevant government agencies.

112. The EMP, presented in Appendix , defines (i) responsibilities and authorities for EMP implementation;, (ii) summary of impacts and mitigation measures; (iii) environmental monitoring and inspection plan; (iv) institutional strengthening and training plan; (v) reporting requirements; (vi)public consultation plan, (vii) cost estimates, and (viii) mechanism for feedback and adjustment. The EMP will be reviewed and updated at the end of the detailed design in order to be consistent with the final detailed design. The EMP will also be included as separate annex in all bidding and contract documents. Contractors will be required to develop site-EMPs that are fully responsive to the EMP. The PMO/LPMO/IA’s environmental officers will be assigned with the responsibility to ensure Contractors’ compliance with the Site-EMP and EMP.

X. ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 113. The total component cost is estimated at $19.47 million equivalent, including a foreign exchange cost of $10 million (51%) and local currency cost of $9.47 million equivalent (49%). The estimated ADB loan is $10 million to finance 100% of the foreign exchange cost.

114. The Project will generate a number of economic benefits. This water supply component will result in more willingness to pay for the benefits. Economic costs are calculated and compared to identify benefits that could be valued to determine an economic internal rate of return (EIRR). The EIRR for the component is estimated at XX%, which exceeds the economic opportunity cost of capital, assumed to be no less than 12%.The costs and benefits of the environmental impact and mitigation measures are reflected in the economic analysis.

X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

1. Environmental Impact Assessment Results 115. The main anticipated environmental impacts relate to the construction phase and include dust, noise, wastewater and solid waste arising from construction of buildings under this component .

116. At design stage, the design institute will design all buildings in compliance with relevant design standards and codes for energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings, including but not limited to: GB 50189-2005 (Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings); GB 50176-1993 (Thermal Design Code for Public Buildings); GB/T 50378-2006 (Evaluation Standard for Green Buildings); and GB 50099-2011 (Code for design of schools). Adherence to PRC green public procurement policies will be targeted for equipment and appliances procurement.

117. During construction, major anticipated impacts include noise, fugitive dust, solid wastes, and community and occupational health and safety risks. Overall, construction-related impacts are localized, short term, and can be effectively mitigated through the application of good construction and housekeeping practices and implementation of construction phase community and occupational health and safety plans.

118. During operation, no major environmental impacts are anticipated. The current and proposed environment services of the 6 kindergartens and the information center were assessed, and it is concluded that incremental wastewater and solid waste generation resulting from the component will not overburden existing services. The wastewater pipelines will connect to the municipal wastewater facilities. The capacity will be adequate to receive sewage from the 6 kindergartens. The component’s potential impacts on community and occupational health and safety during operation were analyzed and corresponding mitigation measures have been proposed in the IEE and EMP.

119. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed for the design, construction, and operation phases of the Project. The EMP defines mitigation measures, monitoring requirements, and institutional responsibilities and costs for implementing the mitigation measures and the monitoring requirements. The EMP will be included as separate annex in all bidding and contract documents. Contractors will be required to develop site-EMPs that are fully responsive to the EMP.

2. Risks and Assurances 120. Component risks related to environment safeguards have been analyzed, and the assurances required to address these risks, have been defined. The major risks are listed below: (i) Design of project facilities not complying with relevant design standards and codes related to energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings; (ii) Inadequate capacity of the implementation agencies in environment management, which could result in inefficient project and EMP implementation; and (iii) Delays in construction of municipal sewer systems and wastewater treatment plant.

121. Commitments by the executing agency and the IA will be incorporated into the loan documentation as loan covenants to ensure that the measures are implemented in a timely and complete fashion, including: (i) a commitment to adhere to relevant design standards and codes

for energy-efficient, safe and green public buildings; and (ii) a commitment to adhere to PRC green public procurement policies.

122. The overriding assurance required is that the executing agency and the local government bodies as appropriate will ensure that the full range of effective measures set out in the IEE and EMP are undertaken, and guarantees that the environmental management provisions and the environmental monitoring plan will be implemented effectively during project implementation, and that the implementation reports of the environmental management and monitoring plan in accordance with ADB requirements will be submitted in a timely fashion. Part of this monitoring and management commitment will be a commitment to implement and maintain an appropriate grievance redress mechanism (GRM) covering the construction of all project subprojects.

3. Conclusion 123. The IEE concludes that as long as the environmental mitigation and management measures defined in the EMP are properly implemented, all adverse environmental impacts associated with the project will be prevented, eliminated, or minimized to an acceptable level. The component is feasible from an environment safeguards point of view.

APPEDIX: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Introduction 1. This environmental management plan (EMP) covers the design, construction, commissioning, and operation phases of the component so that environmental impact is monitored and environmental mitigation measures are implemented.

2. Environmental monitoring programs will be carried out and the results will be used to evaluate (i) the extent and severity of actual environmental impact against the predicted impact, (ii) the performance of the environmental protection measures or compliance with related rules and regulations, (iii) impact trends, and (iv) overall effectiveness of the component EMP.

3. Environmental protection measures will (i) mitigate environmental impact, (ii) achieve compliance with national or local environmental regulations, (iii) provide compensation for lost environmental resources, and (iv)enhance environmental resources.

B. Summary of Potential Impact 4. The potential impact of the component during the construction and operation phases as identified in the Environmental Impact Registration Form (EIRF), as well as the corresponding mitigation measures designed to minimize the impact, is summarized in Table A.1.

C. Mitigation Measures 5. The mitigation measures will be (i) designed by the design institutes (where appropriate); (ii) incorporated into tendering documents (where applicable), construction contracts, and operational management plans; and (iii) implemented by contractors and implementing agencies and units under the supervision of the Shanxi and local project management office (PMO). The effectiveness of these measures will be evaluated on the basis of the results of the environmental monitoring, to determine whether the measures should continue to be implemented without change or they should firstly be improved. The improvements need to be confirmed through stipulated environmental management procedures.

Table A. 1 Environmental Management Performance Indicators prior to Construction

Indicator Measurement Methods Public involvement  The completion and agreements to Resettlement plans before the effectiveness  Appropriate rounds of public consultation completed.  Grievance Redress Mechanism established with contact points.

Bidding documents  Bidding documents and contracts incorporating the environmental activities and contracts with and safeguards listed as loan assurances environmental  Bidding documents and contracts incorporating the impact mitigation and safeguards environmental management provisions of the EMP

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EMP financial  The fund from ADB has been used to support the EMP measurement support according to the financial plan.  The fund from Shanxi government has been used to support the EMP measurement according to the financial plan

Contract  Environmental requirements of EMP included in contract documents for documents construction contractors.

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Table A. 2: Summary of Potential Impact and Mitigation Measures

Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000)

A. Design Stage Air  Dust from  Include in tender documents specifications for good Design LPMO , LDRC, Included in the detailed construction construction site practices related to dust control Institute LEB, design contract activities described in the IEE, such as daily watering of unpaved 6 Kindergartens areas and stockpiles, covering of stockpiles, and control of vehicle speed

Noise  Operational noise  Select low-noise equipment and design soundproof or Design LPMO, LDRC, Included in the detailed from the WTP noise-absorptive facilities for main noise sources Institute LEB, 6 design contract  Noise from  Include in tender documents specifications for good Kindergartens powered construction site practices related to noise control, such mechanical as the use of low-noise equipment and temporary noise equipment during barriers or hoardings, and regular maintenance of construction equipment Solid Waste  Disposal of  Identify storage and disposal facilities and specify the Design LPMO, LDRC, Included in the detailed excavated soil, use of these facilities in the tender documents Institute LEB, 6 design contract construction and Kindergartens demolition wastes, and dredged spoil during construction

Energy-  create functional,  Ensure full compliance with domestic and universal Design LPMO, LDRC, Included in the detailed efficient, cost-effective, safe, design principles , i.e. ensuring that all facilities account Institute LEB, 6 design contract safe and healthy and for functional requirements of elderly care; Kindergartens green public environmentally  All buildings shall be designed in compliance with buildings relevant design standards and codes for energy- efficient and safe public buildings;  Equipment procurement shall adhere to PRC green public procurement policies;  Incorporate emergency preparedness and response plan (to respond to earthquakes, fires and other disasters); and  Ensure connection to municipal services (water supply,

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Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000) wastewater and solid waste collection, district heating), or provide suitable on-site services.1 B. Construction Stage

Air  Dust  Adopt advanced construction techniques and select Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the appropriate machinery and transportation vehicles in LEB,6 component base costs compliance with national emission standards Kindergartens  Organize well material storage; separate stone and sand materials, store concrete in separate storage place, and minimize transportation required; clean up construction and demolition waste promptly  Spray water on exposed surfaces and unpaved haul roads  Avoid overloading trucks; cover materials during transport; clear the dust promptly and spray water on haul roads  Set up hoarding around the construction site, particularly for sensitive receivers near roads, including schools, temples, hospitals, and residential areas  Stop construction during strong winds and cover the stockpile  Limit vehicle speed on unpaved haul roads to less than 8 km/h

 Air emissions from  Store petroleum or other harmful materials in construction appropriate places and covering to minimize fugitive vehicles and dust and emission; machinery  Maintain vehicles and construction machineries to a high standard to ensure efficient running and fuel-

1 Key principles of universal design in elderly care facilities include: (i) equitable use (the design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities); (ii) flexibility in use (the design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities); (iii) simple and intuitive use (use of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge or current concentration level; (iv) perceptible information (the design effectively communicates necessary information to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities; (v) tolerance for error (the design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions; (vi) low physical effort (the design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue; and (vii) size and space for approach and use (appropriate size and space are provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use, regardless of the user’s body size, posture, or mobility).Environment of Care News, January 2009, Volume 12, Issue 1. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. And as defined in (i) Public Procurement List of Environmental Labeling Products (issued and regularly updated by NDRC and MOF) which includes 21 categories of products, such as light vehicle, photocopier, computer, water-based paint, furniture, etc; and (ii) Public Procurement List of Energy Saving Products (issued and regularly updated by MEP and MOF), which includes 27 categories of energy saving products, such as air conditioner, refrigerator, lighting product, television set, electric water heater, computer, printer, monitor, etc. and 7 categories of water saving products, such as toilet, faucet, shower etc.

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Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000) burning and compliance with the PRC emission standards (GB18352-2005, GB17691-2005, GB11340- 2005, GB2847-2005, and GB18285-2005).

Noise  Noise from power  Maintain equipment and machinery in good working Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the mechanical order; undertake regular equipment maintenance, LEB,6 component base costs equipment and ensure compliance with PRC standard of GB 12523- Kindergartens vehicles 2011;  Strengthen construction management and avoid construction at night (10 p.m.–6 a.m.)  Use hydraulic tools instead of pneumatic tools  Use low-noise machinery  Install temporary noise barrier around noisy machinery  Avoid mixing concrete on-site; use premixed concrete  Control traffic on-site and limit the use of horns  During transportation, loading, and unloading of construction materials, prohibit the use of horns when vehicles pass by sensitive receivers  Coordinate with nearby villages to avoid noisy activities during examination periods Water  Wastewater from  Strengthen management; discharge domestic Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the construction wastewater into the nearby sewer network or have it LEB,6 component base costs workers, canteens, treated in on-site package plant Kindergartens and machinery  Build storage tank, drainage ditch, temporary maintenance, and sedimentation tank to treat wastewater from excavation, site runoff as well as equipment cooling or washing, before the wastewater is discharged into the sewer network  Locate the storage site and sand mixing site at least 100 m away from water body; spray the site with water regularly during construction to reduce the pollution  Enclose the asphalt mixing site downwind at least 500 m away from water bodies to avoid contamination  Strengthen water use management, and avoid introducing chemicals when rehabilitating vegetation to reduce water pollution

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Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000) Solid Waste  Refuse generated  Collect and clean up the refuse promptly and dispose Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the on construction of it in landfill LEB,6 component base costs sites, construction  Sort the construction and demolition waste and recycle Kindergartens and demolition or reuse if possible waste, excavated  Maximize the reuse of excavated soil for backfilling soil landfills  Dispose of the waste in designated sites only  Prohibit burning of waste Ecology,  Affected vegetation  Relocate trees affected by the construction; avoid Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the Habitat and cutting trees and restore the vegetation when the LEB,6 component base costs Soil construction is completed Kindergartens Conservatio  Soil erosion and  Set up hoarding around the construction site; build a n water and soil temporary drainage ditch and hoarding for temporary conservation living quarters; install hoarding and drainage for temporary roads; water haul roads regularly; cover soil and aggregate materials on trucks during transport  Build a drainage ditch and slope protection during site formation  Develop a construction plan for the rainy season to prevent surface runoff and soil erosion  Protect farmland and channels near construction sites  Store chemicals/hazardous products and waste on impermeable surfaces in secure, covered areas;  Remove all construction wastes from the site to approved waste disposal sites;  Establish emergency preparedness and response plan (Spill Management Plan);  rovide spill cleanup measures and equipment at each construction site;  Conduct training in emergency spill response procedures. Workplace  Health and safety  Maintain efficient sanitation in the construction area; Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the Health and of workers provide health checks to workers LEB,6 component base costs Safety  Strengthen safety training and management to ensure Kindergartens safe construction  Provide construction workers with personnel protection utilities, such as earplugs and helmets, when necessary  Maintain construction equipment regularly to avoid accidents during construction

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Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000) Social  Traffic congestion  Divert or schedule the construction traffic to avoid peak Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the hours LEB,6 component base costs  Build temporary roads Kindergartens  Shorten the construction period if possible  Select transport routes to reduce disturbance to regular traffic

Health and  Occupational  Appoint one staff to implement and supervise the Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the Safety Health and Safety implementation of the Site-EMP and the performance of LEB,6 component base costs subcontractors; Kindergartens  Provide safe supply of clean water and an adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at the site and work areas, and ensure that they are cleaned and maintained in a hygienic state;  Provide garbage receptacles at construction site;  Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for workers in accordance with relevant health and safety regulations;  Develop an emergency response plan to take actions on accidents and emergencies; document and report occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; organize fully equipped first-aid base at each construction site;  Establish Records Management System that will store and maintain easily retrievable records on occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents.  Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and hygiene issues, general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work.  Ensure that safety, rescue and industrial health matters are given a high degree of publicity to all persons regularly or occasionally on the site. Posters drawing attention to site safety, rescue and industrial health regulations will be made or obtained from the appropriate sources and will be displayed prominently in relevant areas of the site;

 Community Health  Ensure that all sites are secure, discouraging access and Safety through appropriate fencing; place clear signs at construction sites in view of the people at risk (including children, students, staff and nearby communities),

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Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000) warning people of potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc and raising awareness on safety issues;  Return machinery to its overnight storage area/position. In collaboration with the kindergarten/school management, held a meeting prior to commencing construction to discuss issues associated with ensuring the safety of children, students and staff, as well as nearby communities in the vicinity of the construction site. Cultural  Cultural heritage  Should cultural heritage items be found during the Contractor LPMO, LEPB, Included in the Heritage items affected by construction, stop construction, protect the site, and LEB,6 component base costs the construction report the discovery to the authorities Kindergartens activities

C. Operational Stage Air  Emissions from  Operate and maintain well 6 LPMO , LEPB Included in operating heating boilers and  Monitor Kindergartens costs canteens Noise  Noise from fixed  Design the buildings that house these fixed noise 6 LPMO , LEPB Included in operating sources such as sources properly, with adequate wall thicknesses, Kindergartens costs air-conditioners and double-glazed windows and soundproof doors, etc. ventilation facilities  Provide landscape to these buildings for aesthetics  Maintain machinery regularly and keep the equipment in good condition Water  Wastewater  Maximize effluent reuse after pretreatment for watering 6 LPMO , LEPB Included in operating grounds effluent Kindergartens costs  Ensure connection of new buildings to on-site pretreatment facilities (septic tanks) and to municipal sewer system.  Periodically monitor (visual inspection) sludge accumulation in septic tanks, and request licensed company to desludge as needed.  Check and adjust the water quality regularly before discharging wastewater into the public sewer Solid Waste  Inappropriate  Provide adequate solid waste collection facilities in all 6 LPMO , LEPB Included in operating management of buildings and on the campus; Kindergartens costs non-hazardous 

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Subject Potential Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Supervising Estimated Costs Agency Agency (CNY10,000) solid waste separate collection bins for paper, biodegradable waste, metallic waste, and other wastes; and (ii) provision of training and awareness raising for the 6 kindergartens’ staff and children;  Reach agreement with waste collection service provider(s) for different types of waste;  facilities. Health and   Ensure compliance with relevant health and safety 6 LPMO , LEPB Included in operating safety regulations pertaining to ventilation, indoor air quality, Kindergartens costs lighting, noise, fire escape, etc;  Establish preparedness plan and operation plan under emergency conditions, such as fire, flood, earthquake, wind, storm, water contamination, epidemic, air contamination, infestation, explosion etc, as part of the kindergarten-wide EMS to ensure safe environment for all children, faculty, staff and visitors.  Prepare safety checklist and reporting forms as procedure control documents of EMS;  Provide guidelines and reference materials to help kindergarten reduce or eliminate potential hazards which may cause injury, illness or property loss. TOTAL

IEE = Initial environmental examination, km/h = kilometers per hour, m = meter, N/A = not applicable, pH = a unit of acidity, PM10 = particulate matter ≥10 micrometers in diameter, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, LDRC = Lingshi Development and Reform Commission, LEPB = Lingshi Environmental Protection Bureau, LPMO =Lingshi Project Management Office, LEB = Lingshi Water Supply Company. Sources: domestic EIRF.

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D. Environmental Monitoring

1. Monitoring Program 6. The monitoring program will focus on the environment within the component area. A detailed environmental monitoring program is presented in Table A.2. This program considers the scope of monitoring, monitoring parameters and frequency, data processing, and quality control requirements. A brief cost estimate for this monitoring program is included in the table. A detailed cost breakdown will be provided when the detailed environmental monitoring program is prepared at the start of component implementation. Compliance monitoring will follow the methodology provided in the national standard methods for monitoring pollutants. Other associated standards are national environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge and emission standards. The local monitoring station will be responsible for implementing this program of compliance monitoring.

7. At the start of project implementation, the Shanxi PMO, local PMO, the implementing agency (IA), the environmental management consultants (EMCs), and the construction supervision companies (CSCs) will prepare more detailed internal environmental monitoring programs to be implemented during construction and operation if necessary, through the EMP mechanism of feedback and adjustments. This monitoring will be more frequent than the compliance monitoring. These monitoring programs and budgets will be included in the component tendering documents and budgets, as well as the construction and operation contracts. At the start of component implementation, the Shanxi PMO, local PMO, IA, and EMCs will develop (i) comprehensive project design and monitoring framework (DMF) procedures for the component as a whole to systematically generate data on the inputs and outputs, and (ii) detailed environmental and related social economic indicators to measure component impact.

2. Monitoring Management 8. During construction and operation, the IA or the six kindergartens/information center will make appropriate arrangements for internal monitoring according to the progress of component implementation. The local monitoring station, with qualified staff and adequate monitoring equipment and technical capability, will be appointed by the IA or the six kindergartens/information center to carry out the monitoring in the component areas according to the frequency, time, parameters, and location specified in the monitoring program (Table A.2). Monitoring reports will be made available to the local environmental protection bureau (EPB) and Shanxi EPB as required. When complaints are received from the public, the monitoring staff of the Shanxi EPB or local EPB will conduct additional inspections immediately. Complaints received, if any, should be recorded and reported in environmental monitoring reports (EMRs).

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Table A. 3: Environmental Monitoring Program

Subject Parameter Location Time Frequency Implementing Supervision Estimated Agency Agency Cost (CNY10,000)

Construction Phase

Air TSP,PM10 1 location each kindergarten One day Two days a Contractor LPMO, close to construction site, month LEPB, including residence, school, LEB,6 10 and government Kindergarten departments s Noise Leq 1 location each kindergarten Once in the Two days a Contractor LPMO, close to construction site, daytime, once at month LEPB, including residence, school, night LEB,6 2 and government Kindergarten departments s Operation Phase

Air 1 location at the heating TSP, PM10, SO2, LPMO, boiler stack, 1 location at the Continuous online monitoring LWSC 10 (for 1st year) NO2 LEPB canteen stack Total 22

BOD 5 = biochemical oxygen demand, CO = carbon monoxide, CODCr = chemical oxygen demand, F- = fluoride, Leq = equivalent continuous noise level (dB), NH3-N = ammonia nitrogen, NO3-N = nitrate nitrogen, NO2-N = nitrite nitrogen, NO2 = nitrogen dioxide, pH = unit of acidity, PM10 = particular matter with diameter ≤10μ, SS =suspended solids, SO2 = sulfur dioxide,TSP = total suspended particulates, WTP = water treatment plant, LDRC = Lingshi Development and Reform Commission, LEPB = Lingshi Environmental Protection Bureau, LPMO =Lingshi Project Management Office, LWSC = Lingshi Water Supply Company . Notes: (i) Detailed internal monitoring program during the construction and operation phases will be prepared at the start of project implementation by the local PMO, implementation agencies and units, and EMCs. (ii) In addition to regular compliance monitoring, other unannounced monitoring will be carried out to determine compliance. Sources: Lingshi PMO. The cost is estimated based on the approved SEIA.

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E. Public Consultation 1. Public Consultation during Project Preparation 9. The public consultation was conducted . For details, refer to para. 96 to 100 of the IEE.

2. Public Consultation Plan 10. Plans for public involvement during the design, construction, and operation phases were developed during component preparation. These plans include public participation in (i) monitoring impact and mitigation measures during the construction and operation stages, (ii) evaluating environmental and economic benefits and social impact, and (iii) evaluating the component after it is completed. These plans will include several types of public involvement, including site visits, workshops, investigation of specific issues, interviews, and public hearings, as indicated in Table A.3.

11. The public consultation plans are part of the component implementation and management plan. The IA will be responsible for organizing public participation during component implementation. The contractors will be asked to communicate and consult with the communities near the construction site. An eye-catching public notice board will be put up at each construction site to notify the public of the main construction activities and the construction duration. Contact names and telephone numbers will also be posted on the board to enable the public to express their concerns and complaints about construction activities. The costs of public participation activities during component implementation are included in the project funding. The costs are estimated at (i) CNY20,000 for each consultation workshop, (ii) CNY10,000 for each public investigation on a particular issue, (iii) CNY8,000 for each public workshop, and (iv) CNY6,000 for each press conference.

Table A. 4: Public Consultation Plan

Organizer Approach Frequency Subject Attendees A. Construction Phase Shanxi PMO, Public At least once Adjustment of mitigation Residents adjacent to local PMO consultation and measures, if necessary; component, and IA site visits construction impact; representatives of comments and suggestions social sectors Shanxi PMO, Expert workshop As needed, on Comments and suggestions Experts from various local PMO or press the basis of on mitigation measures; sectors, media and IA conference public public opinions consultation C. Operation Phase Shanxi PMO, Public Once in the Effects of mitigation Residents adjacent to local PMO consultation and first 2 years measures; impact of component sites, and 6 site visits operations; comments and representatives of kindergartens suggestions residents, and representatives of social sectors Shanxi PMO, Expert workshop As needed, Comments and suggestions Experts from various local PMO or press on the basis on operational impact; public sectors, media and 6 conference of public opinions kindergartens consultation IA = implementing agency, NGO = nongovernment organization, PMO = project management office. Sources: local PMO.

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F. Responsibilities and Authorities 1. Environmental Responsibilities and Institutional Requirements 12. The EMP provides details on the effective implementation of mitigation measures.

13. Various organizations with different environmental management responsibilities—Shanxi EPB, Shanxi PMO, local PMO and EPBs in Lingshi, IA, EMCs, CSCs, design institutes, and contractors—have been involved in project preparation and will continue to be involved in the implementation of the EMP. The Shanxi PMO, local PMO, contractors, and IA will each nominate full-time trained and qualified environment specialists to undertake environmental management activities for the effective implementation of the EMP. Table A.4 shows the environmental responsibilities in different phases of the Project.

Table A. 5: Environmental Responsibilities

Phase Responsible Agencies Environmental Responsibilities Preparation LPMO/IA Preparation of EIAs Shanxi EPB Review and approval of the EIAs

Shanxi PMO, Shanxi EPB, Review and approval of the SEIA, including the EMP ADB Design Design institutes Incorporation of mitigation measures into engineering designs and contracts Shanxi PMO, local PMO, Review and approval of environmental measures IA Tendering Contractors, local PMO, IA Incorporation of EMP clauses into bids

Construction EMCs, local PMO, IA Provision of advice on implementation of mitigation measures, review/approve site-specific EMPs Implementation of mitigation measures and internal monitoring, Contractors, CSC prepare/review site-specific EMPs Local EPBs, IA Implementation of compliance monitoring Supervision of implementation of mitigation measures and Local EPBs, IA, EMCs monitoring Operation EMCs, local EPBs Provision of advice on compliance monitoring and internal monitoring requirements IA, 6 Implementation of mitigation measures and internal monitoring kindergartens/information center Local EPBs, IA, 6 Implementation of compliance monitoring kindergartens/information center IAs, 6 Supervision of implementation of mitigation measures and kindergartens/information monitoring center, local EPBs, EMCs ADB = Asian Development Bank; CSC = construction supervision company; EMC = environmental management consultant; EMP = environmental management plan; EPB = Environmental Protection Bureau; IA = implementing agency; local EPBs = environmental protection bureaus in Lingshi; PMO = project management office; Note: EMCs appointed for project implementation will advise the city PMO and IA on how they should carry out their environmental responsibilities. Sources: Shanxi PMO, local PMO.

14. The IA will be responsible for environmental management and the implementation of mitigation measures. They will see to that the EMP is carried out and will engage design institutes and professional consultants to help with environmental management at the

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preparation, design, construction, and operation phases. The IA will be responsible for arranging environmental monitoring reviews and responding to any adverse impact beyond those foreseen in the EIRF. The IA will also attend to the environmental protection bureaus and Asian Development Bank (ADB) requests for mitigating measures.

15. Construction contractors will be responsible for the implementation of mitigation measures during construction, while the IA will be responsible for the implementation of such measures during operation.

16. In accordance with the EMP, the IA will establish an environmental management office, which will generally require two employees. During the component, this office will be responsible for (i) implementing the EMP and developing additional implementation details; (ii) supervising the implementation of mitigation measures during construction; (iii) implementing training programs; (iv) incorporating environmental management, monitoring, and mitigation measures into construction and operation management plans; (v) developing and implementing internal routine environmental monitoring; and (vi) reporting on the performance of the EMP to the responsible agencies. This office will be supported and supervised by local EPBs and the EMCs.

17. Local governments will provide the IA with financial and managerial autonomy to operate the project facilities. The IA has relatively limited environmental management capacity. This will, however, be strengthened by environmental management training provided by the component, as summarized in Table A.5. The IA will incorporate environmental management activities into construction and operation management plans. Local governments will review each year the local regulations for the management of water supply and will see to it that the responsibilities of the agencies involved are clearly defined, that appropriate penalties for noncompliance are established, and that the effectiveness of regulations is reviewed annually and, if necessary, modified in accordance with applicable legal procedures.

18. EMCs will advise the county PMO, the IA, and contractors on all aspects of environmental management and monitoring for the component. The EMCs will (i) review component environmental practices and procedures; (ii) provide guidance in setting environmental standards and assist with implementation procedures; (iii) review the start-up of the water treatment plant facilities; (iv) advice on the management of water treatment plant facilities; (v) advise on mitigation during construction and operation, in accordance with the EMP; and (vi) investigate and make recommendations on other environmental issues.

2. Institutional Strengthening and Training 19. The IA for this component is Jingsheng Town Government. An assessment undertaken during the component preparation indicates that the IA lacks the necessary capacity for environmental management and monitoring. For the proper implementation of the EMP, it is necessary to build up and strengthen the capacity of the implementation and supervision agencies for all subcomponents. The IA will therefore need EMP training (see Table A.5).

20. With help from the EMCs and support from the loan consultancy services, the local PMO and the IA will develop expertise in the efficient operation of the completed facilities. The capacity-building support will be provided during the component preparation and loan stages.

21. Loan consultants will train environment specialists of local EPBs and the IA in

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environmental management, monitoring and supervision, mitigation planning, emergency response, environmental policy-making, and other environmental management techniques. Funding for this training will be included in the project budget and in the O&M budgets during the operational phase.

Table A. 6: Institutional Strengthening and Training at the Component Level

Activities Agencies Strengthening Plan Timing Capacity Shanxi PMO, Institutional organization, During component preparation and building local PMO, IA development of implementation responsibilities for each position Monitoring Local PMO, Procurement of related During component preparation and IA, contractors monitoring instruments implementation and equipment

Training Attendees Contents Times Period Number Cost (CNY/ Total Cost (days) of Person person-day) (CNY10,000)

EMP Local Development and 1 5 8 500 2 implementation PMO, IA, adjustment of the EMP, and adjustment, contractors emergency response, settlement of environmental laws and disputes, regulations, environmental environmental policies and management plans Environmental Local Engineering 2 10 10 500 10 technologies PMO,IA, technologies; controls; and processes contractors equipment selection and ,6 procurement; operation, kindergarte control, and maintenance ns/informat of water treatment ion center processes , sludge treatment and disposal process Environmental Local Monitoring methods, 2 5 5 500 2.5 monitoring PMO,IA, data collection and contractors processing, reporting ,6 systems kindergarte ns/informat ion center Wastewater Local PMO Study of wastewater 2 5 5 500 2.5 management and IA, management contractors Solid waste Local Study of waste collection, 2 5 5 500 2.5 management PMO,IA, recycling, and disposal contractors Traffic and Local Study of traffic and road 2 5 5 500 2.5 safety PMO,IA, safety management, management contractors temporary traffic management during construction

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Environmental Local 2 1 100 500 1 awareness citizens Environmental pollution, training and protection, and governmen conservation t officials Total 23 EMP = environmental management plan, IA = implementing agency, O&M = operation and maintenance, PMO = project management office. Source: Local PMO.

22. The institutional component of the whole ADB Project will also involve significant training by the loan consultants in the O&M of the completed facilities. Part of this training will focus on teaching staff how to use a set of indicators to monitor the performance of the completed facilities. These indicators will be designed by loan implementation consultants before the start of operation. The IA will also receive environmental training in the relevant ADB procedures during project implementation.

G. Reporting and Supervision 23. The compliance monitoring reports will go into (i) the component background, (ii) construction activities, (iii) environmental conditions, (iv)measurement or sampling locations, (v) analytical results, (vi) interpretation and implication of the monitoring results, (vii) compliance status with regard to applicable regulations and standards, and (viii) recommendations for improvement. The Shanxi PMO will submit compliance monitoring reports to ADB as appropriate.

24. During the construction period, the results of internal monitoring by contractors and CSCs will be reflected in the weekly construction reports. The reports will summarize (i) environmental issues during construction; (ii) mitigation measures taken, if any; and (iii) consequences of the impact on the environment and surrounding communities.

25. The contractors will be trained to take immediate actions to remedy any unexpected adverse impact or ineffective or insufficient mitigation measures, as required in the EMP. The local PMO and IA will also respond to these reports to ensure that contractors have taken appropriate and timely action. Additional measures may be taken, if needed, to ensure that all issues raised by the compliance monitoring and weekly construction reports are appropriately addressed.

26. The results of the detailed internal environmental monitoring and mitigation actions for both the construction and operational phases will be submitted monthly by the contractors and IA to the Shanxi PMO and Shanxi EPB through local EPBs and PMO. The Shanxi EPB or ADB may request further environmental mitigation actions, as they deem necessary, and may determine further mitigation measures for different stages, if necessary.

27. The Shanxi PMO will submit to ADB the EMP progress reports and information on project implementation and the environmental performance of the contractors, IA, and EMCs. These reports will consist of (i) semiannual environmental reports on EMP implementation, and (ii) a whole ADB Project completion report to be submitted no later than 3 months after the whole ADB Project . Progress reports will emphasize (i) monitoring results, (ii) the implementation of mitigation measures, (iii) environmental compliance, (iv) training, and (v) capacity-building progress.

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28. The local PMO, with the assistance of the project consultants, will monitor and assess overall component activities under the DMF, including environmental targets. The Shanxi PMO will report to ADB twice a year on the physical implementation—including environmental aspects— of the whole ADB Project to ensure that the whole ADB Project’s progress and impact are monitored and reported on in line with ADB requirements.

H. Work Plan 29. Before the construction of the component facilities, the IA will develop detailed responsibilities and requirements for the contractors, revise the EMP accordingly, will provide detailed cost estimates of mitigation measures and environmental monitoring in the construction contracts. The local PMO and IA will also detail the responsibilities and prepare the work schedules of their environmental management offices.

30. Before the component facilities start to operate, the IA will develop detailed work plans for environmental management and monitoring during operation based on the EMP. These work plans will be submitted to the local EPBs and PMOs to help them supervise the implementation.

I. Procurement Plan and Cost Estimates 31. The IA will develop detailed plans for the procurement of equipment and materials and civil works to implement the mitigation measures and monitoring plans. These plans will b incorporated into the component contracts.

32. Cost estimates for the mitigation measures and monitoring plans are summarized in Tables A.1 and A.2. Compliance monitoring costs will be borne by the IA, which must ensure that funds are available in the budget. Internal monitoring costs will be borne by the IA, contractors, and CSCs during construction, and by the IA or 6 kindergartens/information center during operation. The IA or 6 kindergartens/information center will ensure that the necessary budgets are available. Before implementing the monitoring plan, the agencies responsible for component environmental monitoring will also present a more detailed breakdown of the estimated budget. During component implementation, the budgets will be adjusted to suit the actual requirements. A detailed breakdown of the internal monitoring cost estimates will be prepared by the design institutes. The costs of all mitigation measures during construction will be included in the tender and contract documents and will be borne by the contractors. Costs related to the mitigation measures during operation will be borne by the IA or 6 kindergartens/information center. The costs of the EMCs and the training will be borne by the component as a whole.

J. Mechanisms for Feedback and Adjustment 33. The effectiveness of mitigation measures and monitoring plans will be evaluated through a feedback reporting system. The EMP will be adjusted, if necessary. The Shanxi EPB and the Shanxi PMO will play critical roles in this feedback and adjustment mechanism, as shown in Figure A.1.

34. There will be two tiers of feedback and adjustment. If EMP modification is requested by the contractors or the IA, Shanxi EPB will review their proposals in detail. If the modifications are approved in principle, specific modifications will then be submitted by the contractors and IA to the Shanxi EPB for further review. Comments and suggestions from the Shanxi EPB and ADB will also be considered by local EPBs and revisions made in the EMP as necessary. The contractors and IA will then implement the modifications.

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Figure A- 1: Mechanism for Feedback and Adjustment of Environmental Management Plan

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