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2.3 Identification and Meaning of Minority Along the Line in This Project

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2.3 Identification and Meaning of Minority Along the Line in This Project IPP533 Unofficial translation World Bank Office, Beijing (Nov 14, 2011) Public Disclosure Authorized Zhangjiakou-Hohhot Railway Project Social Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Compiled by: Public Disclosure Authorized Western Development and Research Center of Minzu University of China Chinese Minorities Research Center, Minzu University of China November 2011, Beijing Public Disclosure Authorized Contents SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1 1. TASKS, METHODS AND PROCESS ..................................................................... 6 1.1 T ASKS AND BASIS ................................................................................................ 6 1.1.1 Tasks ....................................................................................................... 6 1.1.2 Basis ....................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Q UALIFICATIONS ................................................................................................ 7 1.3 S URVEY METHODS ..............................................................................................11 1.4 P ROCESS AND SITE SELECTION .................................................................................11 1.5 S PECIFIC SURVEYS ..............................................................................................17 1.5.1 Survey level ..............................................................................................17 1.5.2 Village survey procedure .............................................................................30 1.5.3 Complementary survye ...............................................................................36 1.5.4 Complementary illustrations and Thanksgiving ................................................37 2. SCREENING AND RELATED POLICY REVIEW OF MINORITY ............................38 2.1 O BJECTIVES AND NECESSITIES OF MINORITY SCREENING ....................................................38 2.2 S CREENING PROCEDURE AND KEY DATA .......................................................................38 2.3 I DENTIFICATION AND MEANING OF MINORITY ALONG THE LINE IN THIS PROJECT .........................50 2.3.1 Identification of Chinese Nationalities and Meaning of “Minority” .........................50 2.3.2 Identification of Ethnic Groups along the Line of the Project and the Meaning of “Minorities” ....................................................................................................52 2.4 P OLICIES AND REGULATIONS TOWARDS CHINESE NATIONALITIES ..........................................54 2.5 D EFINITION OF “M INORITIES ” IN THE POLICIES OF THE WORLD BANK ....................................55 2.6 C OMPARISON OF “M INORITY ” UNDER TWO DIFFERENT POLICY FRAMEWORKS OF CHINA AND THE WORLD BANK .......................................................................................................56 2.7 C ONCLUSION ....................................................................................................59 3. LAND SYSTEM ................................................................................................60 3.1 B ASIC STATE LAND SYSTEM ....................................................................................60 3.2 R URAL LAND SYSTEM ..........................................................................................63 3.3 L AND SYSTEM IN THE PROJECT AREA ..........................................................................64 3.4 C ONCLUSION ....................................................................................................65 4.ETHNIC MINORITIES ......................................................................................67 4.1 E THNIC MINORITIES PROFILING ..............................................................................67 I 4.1.1 Ethnic Minorities Profiling in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ........................67 4.1.2 Ethnic Minorities Profiling along the Project....................................................67 4.2 R URAL RESOURCES AND PEOPLE LIVELIHOOD IN PROJECT AREA ...........................................68 4.2.1 General Condition of Resources .....................................................................68 4.2.2 Resource Survey along the Project .................................................................70 4.3 R ESIDENT LIVELIHOOD ALONG THE PROJECT ................................................................71 4.4 S OCIAL CULTURE AND LIVELIHOOD OF MONGOLIAN PEOPLE ALONG THE PROJECT RAILWAY .............74 4.4.1 Profile of Mongolian People ..........................................................................74 4.4.2 Mongolian people’s Means of Livelihood in the Project Area .................................76 4.5 B ASIC INFORMATION ABOUT HUI PEOPLE IN THE PROJECT AREA ...........................................78 4.6 R ELATIONSHIP WITHIN ONE NATION AND BETWEEN DIFFERENT NATIONS IN THE PROJECT AREA .......80 4.7 T HE GUARANTEE OF THE RIGHT OF PARTICIPATION AND KNOW OF MINORITY IN THE PROJECT AREA ...81 4.8 C ONCLUSION ....................................................................................................83 5. POVERTY AND SOCIAL GENDER .....................................................................84 5.1 P OVERTY SITUATION IN THE PROJECT AREA .................................................................84 5.1.1 General Situation .......................................................................................84 5.1.2 Reasons of poverty and help method ..............................................................84 5.2 R ELEVANCE OF POVERTY -STRICKEN NATIONALITIES .........................................................85 5.3 W OMEN .........................................................................................................85 5.3.1 Quality of Women and Tradition Labour Division ..............................................85 5.3.2 The Project and Women ..............................................................................86 5.4 C ONCLUSION ....................................................................................................86 6．．．PROJECT IMPACT ANALYSIS ..........................................................................88 6.1P ROJECT BENEFIT ...............................................................................................88 6.2 N EGATIVE IMPACTS ............................................................................................88 6.3 A NALYSIS ON INTERRACIAL EFFECT OF PROJECT IMPACT ....................................................91 6.4 L OCAL GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TOWARD THE PROJECT NEGATIVE IMPACTS ................................92 6.5 C ONCLUSION ....................................................................................................93 7. STAKEHOLDERS .............................................................................................94 7.1 I DENTIFICATION OF PROJECT -RELATED GROUPS .............................................................94 7.2 S TAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS ......................................................................................94 7.2.1 Ministry of Railways ..............................................................................94 7.2.2 Construction Headquarter ...........................................................................95 7.2.3 Governments of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Hebei Province ...............96 7.2.4 City, County, Districts and Township Governments along the Line ..........................96 7.2.5 World Bank ..............................................................................................97 7.2.6 Residents of Project Area .............................................................................97 II 7.2.7 Construction Party ...................................................................................100 7.3 C ONCLUSION ..................................................................................................100 8．．．CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ..............................................................101 8.1 P UBLIC PARTICIPATION AND RESIDENT SUPPORT ..........................................................101 8.2 T HE PROJECT IS NOT APPLICABLE TO OP4.10 .............................................................102 8.3 RAP F ORMULATED IN THE PROJECT IS APPLICABLE TO MINORITIES .....................................103 ANNEX: MINORITY SCREENING ALONG THE ZHANGHU RAPID RAILWAY ..........104 III LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Towns and villages involved in sample community surveys ......13 Table 1-2 Basic situation of typical villages along the line .......................16 Table 1-3 Situation List of Forum Held by Governmental Departments along the Project Railway ....................................................................19 Table 1-4 Roundtable Discussion of Typical Villagers Representatives ....32 Table 2-1 Population structure in major city/district/county/banner along the line ......................................................................................43 Table2-2 Minority screening results in some villages along the line ........44 Table 4-1 Zhangjiakou-Hohhot Railway Editorial Data of households—— land possession ...................................................................................71 Table 8-1 Attitudes of interviewees on the project .................................101
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