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STACHYURUS- Staartaar Dendraflora Nr 33 - 1996
STACHYURUS- Staartaar Dendraflora Nr 33 - 1996 R.T. H_OUTMAN Een van de geslachten waar niet direct aan wordt gedacht, als het gaat om winterbloeiende gewassen, is Stachyurus. Deze tamelijk onbekende plant kan in de toekomst tot het standaardsortiment boomkwekerijgewassen behoren. Er is een toenemende vraag naar een breder sortiment met andere sierwaarden dan bloei in het voorjaar of de zomer; Stachyurus past hier zeer goed in. SYSTEMATIEK Stachyurus is een klein geslacht, dat in de familie van de Stachyuraceae is geplaatst. Over de classificatie van deze familie zijn de systematici het niet geheel eens, maar nadat de Stachyuraceae voorheen bij de Theaceae waren ondergebracht, wordt de familie nu als op zichzelf staand beschouwd binnen de orde van de Violales. Ook worden argumenten voor verwantschap met de Flacourtiaceae aangevoerd. Stachyurus bevat acht tot tien soorten, afhankelijk van de interpretatie, die de verschillende systematici hanteren. In Nederland zijn drie soorten in cultuur. Naast S. chinensis en S. praecox, wordt ook S. himalaicus op zeer beperkte schaal gekweekt. Over de kenmerken van de laatstgenoem de soort bestaat enige verwarring, hierover meer bij de soortsbeschrijving. MORFOLOGIE De tot Stachyurus behorende soorten zijn eenhuizige bladverliezende of groenblijvende struiken tot kleine bomen met verspreide bladstand. De enkelvoudige bladeren hebben gewoonlijk een gezaagde bladrand. De bloeiwijze is een okselstandige, hangende tros, die bestaat uit een aantal bloemen. Ze worden in het najaar gevormd. De afzonderlijke bloemen en vooral de vruchten zijn zeer kort gesteeld. Hieruit blijkt, dat - morfologisch gezien - de bloemen in een tros en dus niet in een aar bijeen staan. (De Nederlandse naam staartaar is daarom feitelijk onjuist). -
Non-Native Trees and Large Shrubs for the Washington, D.C. Area
Green Spring Gardens 4603 Green Spring Rd ● Alexandria ● VA 22312 Phone: 703-642-5173 ● TTY: 703-803-3354 www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/greenspring NON - NATIVE TREES AND LARGE SHRUBS FOR THE WASHINGTON, D.C. AREA Non-native trees are some of the most beloved plants in the landscape due to their beauty. In addition, these trees are grown for the shade, screening, structure, and landscape benefits they provide. Deciduous trees, whose leaves die and fall off in the autumn, are valuable additions to landscapes because of their changing interest throughout the year. Evergreen trees are valued for their year-round beauty and shelter for wildlife. Evergreens are often grouped into two categories, broadleaf evergreens and conifers. Broadleaf evergreens have broad, flat leaves. They also may have showy flowers, such as Camellia oleifera (a large shrub), or colorful fruits, such as Nellie R. Stevens holly. Coniferous evergreens either have needle-like foliage, such as the lacebark pine, or scale-like foliage, such as the green giant arborvitae. Conifers do not have true flowers or fruits but bear cones. Though most conifers are evergreen, exceptions exist. Dawn redwood, for example, loses its needles each fall. The following are useful definitions: Cultivar (cv.) - a cultivated variety designated by single quotes, such as ‘Autumn Gold’. A variety (var.) or subspecies (subsp.), in contrast, is found in nature and is a subdivision of a species (a variety of Cedar of Lebanon is listed). Full Shade - the amount of light under a dense deciduous tree canopy or beneath evergreens. Full Sun - at least 6 hours of sun daily. -
Extrapolating Demography with Climate, Proximity and Phylogeny: Approach with Caution
! ∀#∀#∃ %& ∋(∀∀!∃ ∀)∗+∋ ,+−, ./ ∃ ∋∃ 0∋∀ /∋0 0 ∃0 . ∃0 1##23%−34 ∃−5 6 Extrapolating demography with climate, proximity and phylogeny: approach with caution Shaun R. Coutts1,2,3, Roberto Salguero-Gómez1,2,3,4, Anna M. Csergő3, Yvonne M. Buckley1,3 October 31, 2016 1. School of Biological Sciences. Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science. The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. 2. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK. 3. School of Natural Sciences, Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. 4. Evolutionary Demography Laboratory. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Rostock, DE-18057, Germany. Keywords: COMPADRE Plant Matrix Database, comparative demography, damping ratio, elasticity, matrix population model, phylogenetic analysis, population growth rate (λ), spatially lagged models Author statement: SRC developed the initial concept, performed the statistical analysis and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. RSG helped develop the initial concept, provided code for deriving de- mographic metrics and phylogenetic analysis, and provided the matrix selection criteria. YMB helped develop the initial concept and advised on analysis. All authors made substantial contributions to editing the manuscript and further refining ideas and interpretations. 1 Distance and ancestry predict demography 2 ABSTRACT Plant population responses are key to understanding the effects of threats such as climate change and invasions. However, we lack demographic data for most species, and the data we have are often geographically aggregated. We determined to what extent existing data can be extrapolated to predict pop- ulation performance across larger sets of species and spatial areas. We used 550 matrix models, across 210 species, sourced from the COMPADRE Plant Matrix Database, to model how climate, geographic proximity and phylogeny predicted population performance. -
2. ACER Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753. 枫属 Feng Shu Trees Or Shrubs
Fl. China 11: 516–553. 2008. 2. ACER Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753. 枫属 feng shu Trees or shrubs. Leaves mostly simple and palmately lobed or at least palmately veined, in a few species pinnately veined and entire or toothed, or pinnately or palmately 3–5-foliolate. Inflorescence corymbiform or umbelliform, sometimes racemose or large paniculate. Sepals (4 or)5, rarely 6. Petals (4 or)5, rarely 6, seldom absent. Stamens (4 or 5 or)8(or 10 or 12); filaments distinct. Carpels 2; ovules (1 or)2 per locule. Fruit a winged schizocarp, commonly a double samara, usually 1-seeded; embryo oily or starchy, radicle elongate, cotyledons 2, green, flat or plicate; endosperm absent. 2n = 26. About 129 species: widespread in both temperate and tropical regions of N Africa, Asia, Europe, and Central and North America; 99 species (61 endemic, three introduced) in China. Acer lanceolatum Molliard (Bull. Soc. Bot. France 50: 134. 1903), described from Guangxi, is an uncertain species and is therefore not accepted here. The type specimen, in Berlin (B), has been destroyed. Up to now, no additional specimens have been found that could help clarify the application of this name. Worldwide, Japanese maples are famous for their autumn color, and there are over 400 cultivars. Also, many Chinese maple trees have beautiful autumn colors and have been cultivated widely in Chinese gardens, such as Acer buergerianum, A. davidii, A. duplicatoserratum, A. griseum, A. pictum, A. tataricum subsp. ginnala, A. triflorum, A. truncatum, and A. wilsonii. In winter, the snake-bark maples (A. davidii and its relatives) and paper-bark maple (A. -
Acer Buergerianum Plants, Adequately Moist in Summer but Well Drained in Winter Is "Trident Maple" a Pretty Small Tree Whose Grace Is Enhanced by the Key to Success
Acer buergerianum plants, adequately moist in summer but well drained in winter is "Trident Maple" A pretty small tree whose grace is enhanced by the key to success. 3m. the small three-lobed leaves. Particularly good autumn colour begins scarlet turning orange-yellow. A good hardy Maple Acer x conspicuum 'Silver Cardinal' tolerant of many less favoured sites. 4m. This Snakebark has the most incredible pink and cream variegated foliage, highlighted by the red petioles and young stems. It Acer circinatum 'Monroe' occurred as a chance seedling of A. pensylvanicum and received A plant I've lusted after for years! Shrubby habit, with deeply an Award of Merit in 1985. Our stock is directly derived from incised light green leaves (even more so than A. japonicum the original seedling in the Windsor Great Park. Unless your soil 'Aconitifolium'). Predominantly yellow autumn colours may is very good, it is safest in dappled shade. 3m. develop some orange. Worthy of a special site. 3m. Acer x conspicuum 'Silver Vein' Acer circinatum 'Pacific Fire' A hybrid between A. davidii George Forrest and A. Imagine the coral bark colour of Acer palmatum 'Sangokaku' pensylvanicum Erythrocladum found at Hilliers about 1960. It is combined with the larger leaves and more tolerant growth arguably the best of the basic snakebarks for garden suitability requirements of this species, and the result is a plant with and good colour with its rich purple and white striped winter awesome potential. Fantastic autumn colour too. bark, becoming green with maturity. 5m. Acer circinatum 'Sunglow' Acer davidii This has been on my "wanted" list ever since I first saw it Delightful small tree noted for dazzling autumn colour and photographed! Apricot coloured young growth matures to attractive white striped purple bark in winter. -
STACHYURACEAE 1. STACHYURUS Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. 1: 42. 1836
STACHYURACEAE 旌节花科 jing jie hua ke Yang Qiner (杨亲二)1; Peter F. Stevens2 Shrubs or small trees, sometimes climbing, deciduous or evergreen; branchlets conspicuously pithy, most often glabrous, occasionally puberulous when young. Winter buds small, with 2–4 scales. Leaves simple, alternate; stipules caducous, linear-lanceo- late; leaf blade membranous to leathery, margin serrate. Racemes or spikes axillary, erect or nodding. Flowers small, regular, bisex- ual, or plant dioecious, shortly pedicellate or sessile; bracteoles connate at base. Sepals 4, imbricate. Petals 4, imbricate. Stamens 8 in 2 series; filaments subulate; anthers versatile, introrsely longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary superior, 4-loculed; ovules numerous on intrusive-parietal placentae; style short; stigma capitate, shallowly 4-lobed. Fruit a berry, pericarp leathery. Seeds numerous, small, with soft arils; endosperm fleshy; embryo straight; cotyledons elliptic; radicle short. 2n = 24. One genus and ca. eight species: E Asia; seven species (four endemic) in China. Although the familial status of the Stachyuraceae has been generally accepted, its systematic position has been long controversial. It was considered related to Actinidiaceae, Clethraceae, Crossosomataceae, Flacourtiaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Staphyleaceae, Theaceae, or Violaceae by different authors based on evidence from embryology, seed anatomy, wood anatomy, palynology, or rbcL sequence data. The reader may also wish to refer to two other recent studies of the family, by Chen (Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3: 125–137. 1981) and Tang et al. (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 21: 236–253. 1983). Shan Hanrong. 1999. Stachyuraceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 81–96. 1. STACHYURUS Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. 1: 42. 1836. 旌节花属 jing jie hua shu Morphological characters and geographic distribution are the same as those of the family. -
Abies Concolor (White Fir)
Compiled here is distribution, characteristics and other information on host species featured as ‘Host of the Month’ in past issues of the COMTF Monthly Report. Abies concolor (white fir) This is an evergreen tree native to the mountains of southern Oregon, California, the southern Rocky Mountains, and Baja California. Large and symmetrical, white fir grows 80 – 120ft tall and 15 – 20ft wide in its native range and in the Pacific Northwest. White fir is one of the top timber species found in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of CA and is a popular Christmas tree, as well as one of the most commonly grown native firs in Western gardens. Young trees are conical in shape, but develop a dome-like crown with age. The flattened needles of white fir are silvery blue-green, blunt at the tip , and grow 2 – 3in long. Often curving upwards, the needles extend at right angles from the twig, and twigs produce a citrus smell when needles are broken. White fir is monoecious, producing yellow- to red-toned, catkin-like male flowers and inconspicuous yellow-brown female flowers. The oblong cones grow 3 – 5 in upright, are yellow-green to purple in color, and are deciduous at maturity, dispersing seed in the fall. New twigs are dark- orange, but become gray-green, then gray with maturity. The bark of saplings is thin, smooth, and gray, turning thick, ash-gray with age, and developing deep irregular furrows. P. ramorum- infected Abies concolor (white fir) was first reported in the October 2005 COMTF newsletter as having been found at a Christmas tree farm in the quarantined county of Santa Clara. -
IHCA Recommended Plant List
Residential Architectural Review Committee Recommended Plant List Plant Materials The following plant materials are intended to guide tree and shrub ADDITIONS to residential landscapes at Issaquah Highlands. Lot sizes, shade, wind and other factors place size and growth constraints on plants, especially trees, which are suitable for addition to existing landscapes. Other plant materials may be considered that have these characteristics and similar maintenance requirements. Additional species and varieties may be selected if authorized by the Issaquah Highlands Architectural Review Committee. This list is not exhaustive but does cover most of the “good doers” for Issaquah Highlands. Our microclimate is colder and harsher than those closer to Puget Sound. Plants not listed should be used with caution if their performance has not been observed at Issaquah Highlands. * Drought-tolerant plant ** Requires well-drained soil DECIDUOUS TREES: Small • Acer circinatum – Vine Maple • Acer griseum – Paperbark Maple • *Acer ginnala – Amur Maple • Oxydendrum arboreum – Sourwood • Acer palmation – Japanese Maple • *Prunus cerasifera var. – Purple Leaf Plum varieties • Amelanchier var. – Serviceberry varieties • Styrax japonicus – Japanese Snowbell • Cornus species, esp. kousa Medium • Acer rufinerve – Redvein Maple • Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) • *Acer pseudoplatanus – Sycamore Maple • Acer palmatum (Japanese maple, many) • • *Carpinus betulus – European Hornbeam Stewartia species (several) • *Parrotia persica – Persian Parrotia Columnar Narrow -
Wa Shan – Emei Shan, a Further Comparison
photograph © Zhang Lin A rare view of Wa Shan almost minus its shroud of mist, viewed from the Abies fabri forested slopes of Emei Shan. At its far left the mist-filled Dadu River gorge drops to 500-600m. To its right the 3048m high peak of Mao Kou Shan climbed by Ernest Wilson on 3 July 1903. “As seen from the top of Mount Omei, it resembles a huge Noah’s Ark, broadside on, perched high up amongst the clouds” (Wilson 1913, describing Wa Shan floating in the proverbial ‘sea of clouds’). Wa Shan – Emei Shan, a further comparison CHRIS CALLAGHAN of the Australian Bicentennial Arboretum 72 updates his woody plants comparison of Wa Shan and its sister mountain, World Heritage-listed Emei Shan, finding Wa Shan to be deserving of recognition as one of the planet’s top hotspots for biological diversity. The founding fathers of modern day botany in China all trained at western institutions in Europe and America during the early decades of last century. In particular, a number of these eminent Chinese botanists, Qian Songshu (Prof. S. S. Chien), Hu Xiansu (Dr H. H. Hu of Metasequoia fame), Chen Huanyong (Prof. W. Y. Chun, lead author of Cathaya argyrophylla), Zhong Xinxuan (Prof. H. H. Chung) and Prof. Yung Chen, undertook their training at various institutions at Harvard University between 1916 and 1926 before returning home to estab- lish the initial Chinese botanical research institutions, initiate botanical exploration and create the earliest botanical gardens of China (Li 1944). It is not too much to expect that at least some of them would have had personal encounters with Ernest ‘Chinese’ Wilson who was stationed at the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard between 1910 and 1930 for the final 20 years of his life. -
Download PCN-Acer-2017-Holdings.Pdf
PLANT COLLECTIONS NETWORK MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL ACER LIST 02/13/18 Institutional NameAccession no.Provenance* Quan Collection Id Loc.** Vouchered Plant Source Acer acuminatum Wall. ex D. Don MORRIS Acer acuminatum 1994-009 W 2 H&M 1822 1 No Quarryhill BG, Glen Ellen, CA QUARRYHILL Acer acuminatum 1993.039 W 4 H&M1822 1 Yes Acer acuminatum 1993.039 W 1 H&M1822 1 Yes Acer acuminatum 1993.039 W 1 H&M1822 1 Yes Acer acuminatum 1993.039 W 1 H&M1822 1 Yes Acer acuminatum 1993.076 W 2 H&M1858 1 No Acer acuminatum 1993.076 W 1 H&M1858 1 No Acer acuminatum 1993.139 W 1 H&M1921 1 No Acer acuminatum 1993.139 W 1 H&M1921 1 No UBCBG Acer acuminatum 1994-0490 W 1 HM.1858 0 Unk Sichuan Exp., Kew BG, Howick Arb., Quarry Hill ... Acer acuminatum 1994-0490 W 1 HM.1858 0 Unk Sichuan Exp., Kew BG, Howick Arb., Quarry Hill ... Acer acuminatum 1994-0490 W 1 HM.1858 0 Unk Sichuan Exp., Kew BG, Howick Arb., Quarry Hill ... UWBG Acer acuminatum 180-59 G 1 1 Yes National BG, Glasnevin Total of taxon 18 Acer albopurpurascens Hayata IUCN Red List Status: DD ATLANTA Acer albopurpurascens 20164176 G 1 2 No Crug Farm Nursery QUARRYHILL Acer albopurpurascens 2003.088 U 1 1 No Total of taxon 2 Acer amplum (Gee selection) DAWES Acer amplum (Gee selection) D2014-0117 G 1 1 No Gee Farms, Stockbridge, MI 49285 Total of taxon 1 Acer amplum 'Gold Coin' DAWES Acer amplum 'Gold Coin' D2015-0013 G 1 2 No Gee Farms, Stockbridge, MI 49285, USA Acer amplum 'Gold Coin' D2017-0075 G 2 2 No Shinn, Edward T., Wall Township, NJ 07719-9128 Total of taxon 3 Acer argutum Maxim. -
Comparative Flowering Ecology of Fraxinus Excelsior, Acer
Comparative flowering ecology of Fraxinus excelsior, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus and Tilia cordata in the canopy of Leipzig’s floodplain forest Der Fakultät für Biowissenschaften, Pharmazie und Psychologie der Universität Leipzig eingereichte D I S S E R T A T I O N zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt von Diplom Biologe Ophir Tal geboren am 24.7.1972 in Tel Aviv, Israel Leipzig, den 22.6.06. 1 To Shira 3 Abstract How do gender separation and the transition to wind pollination happen in temperate trees? What does the reproductive ecology in the crowns of temperate forest trees look like? These connected questions intrigued researchers before and since Darwin but it is only in the last years that a direct study of the latter question has been enabled. A research crane was used to study the flowering ecology of Fraxinus excelsior, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus and Tilia cordata in Leipzig’s floodplain forest. These species originate from hermaphrodite insect pollinated plant families and exhibit different grades of gender separation and different stages between insect and wind pollination. As they are typical elements of temperate deciduous forests, an ecological comparison of their flowering ecology may shed new light on the evolution of gender separation and wind pollination in this habitat. Using the crane, gender distribution, flowering phenology in relation to microclimate, pollination levels (including pollen tubes in the styles) and fruit set were studied in ca. 200 trees over 2-4 years. Main results are a new appreciation of the sexual system of Fraxinus excelsior as dioecy, of Tilia cordata as andromonoecy and a detailed description of the intricacies of the heterodichogamous sexual system of Acer pseudoplatanus. -
2017-4 Winter Newsletter Wespelaar Maple Collection No
Reprinted from: The Maple Society Newsletter, Winter 2017 Vol 27/4 The Maple Collection at Arboretum Wespelaar, Belgium, with a special focus on some of the newer and rarer additions By Koen Camelbeke, Director, Arboretum Wespelaar It is indeed safe to say that the first dendrological passion of the founder of Arboretum Wespelaar, Philippe de Spoelberch, was for the genus Acer and rightly so! As we all know, this genus is really a joy at all times of year: flowers; new growth; colour and texture of emerging leaves in the Spring; variation in form and colour of leaves in the View across the lake at Arboretum Wespelaar, July 2013. Summer; autumn (Photo: Keith Montgomery) colours from late September to the end of November; and finally, the amazing range of bark textures and general tree habit which grace the winter months. When the Arboretum collection was started in the mid-1980s, the focus was on both botanical diversity as well as on aesthetics, especially focusing on autumn colour and Japanese maples. In the last decade or so, the focus shifted gradually to plants of known wild origin with the aim to present all of the species hardy in Belgium. Belgium is in this respect a wonderful country. Of course, as everywhere else, we also try to grow taxa which are more borderline in our climate, but, speaking of maples, Belgium has an excellent temperate, maritime climate influenced by the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean. Wespelaar is about 130km from the coast which means that our winters are somewhat colder and our summers hotter compared to the west of the country.