COLLIERY DISTRIBUTION
THE EDISON SWAN ELECTRIC CO. LTD. 155, C H A R IN G ‘C R O S S R D ., L O N D O N , W .C .2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944
A .S.C .M . Steel Conduit is manu factured only by ALMA & CRANMORE TUBE C O . LT D . BARLOW. H. J. & CO. LTD. Accepted practice in the Lobster World is a ELECTRICAL periodical shedding of his casing. Until its renewal CONDUITS LTD. he is unprotected. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. LTD. GRIFFITHS. ISAAC & SO N S Accepted practice in the Electrical World is HILDICK & HILDICK permanent protection with A.S.C.M. Steel Conduit. McDOUGALL. JAMES LTD Worlds of difference? .... Y e s! SIMPLEX ELECTRIC CO. LTD. Comprising : Credenda Conduits Co. Ltd. SPEC F Y A N D USE Perfecta Tube Co. Ltd. Simplex Conduits Ltd. Stella Conduit Co. Ltd. A.S.C.M. METALLIC SEAMLESS TUBE C O . L T D . STEEL TUBE & CONDUIT CO. (Middlesbrough) Ltd. TALBOT-STEAD TUBE CO. LTD. TIPPER BROTHERS (Bilston) LTD. WALSALL CONDUITS LTD.
Advertisement of the Association of Steel Conduit Manufacturers, 25 Bennett's Hill, Birmingham 2 October 21, 1944 vmELECTRICAL REVIEWcf Khcmhq Most of the Peaks of Achieve ment have been reached by the roping together of in trepid men in common adventure. W e have found that to be a sound business principle . . . a team spirit that quests ever upwards to fresh heights of attainment. LEADERS IK ELECTRIC HEAT - ft A WATER HEATING
GRAMS : HEATRAE, NORWICH HEATRAE LTD.. NORWICH PHONE : NORWICH 25131
IS IT ALIVE? THE “ PARTRIDGE ” PRESSURE FOR WIRELE8S DETECTOR AND SIMILAR A WIDE RANGE OF CONNECTIONS SIZES IN STOCK (Regd. T.M. No. B.S8I95S) will Infallibly tell you, giving visible and audible Indication ROSS COURTNEY & Co.Ltd. (■o sarth oonnseUon neulnd) ASHBROOK ROAD, LONDON, N.I9
Range Length Type up to of handle V o lu 11.000 36' 60,000 84 ' 15,000 48' KNOBS 11,000 36' 33,000 72' to the specific requirements of our custom ers A lto m akers o f “ W estm in s
ter” VacuumTube Detector M akers of all ty pos of repetition and H.T. Earthing Rods products from the bar in all Patent No S1P»19 m e t a ls T». WESTMINSTER E M . Co. U M-C-L and RE PETITION LTD. Victoria Road, Willesden Junction, N.W.I0 Pool Lane. Langley. Birmingham. Telephone: Telegrams: Willesden 1700-1 “ Regenog, Rhone, London. E lectrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4
[S5 T S i « « rw o!
Natural daylight in factories k would be a boon to war pro- » duction. Impossible to have such light 24 hours a day, of course. But, with Siemens “ Sieray ” Fluorescent Tubular Lighting, you get a powerful, all-pervading, soft light, so near to daylight as to be almost the same. No glare. No interfering shadows. And economical in electricity consumption. FREE ADVICE — A Siemens industrial lighting specialist will, without obligation, advise on existing lighting systems. He may be able to suggest improvements which will save current charges and the N a tio n 's fu e l.
FLUORESCENT TUBE fJlw, V a A d stick of¡ Good. jC¿qhZinc¡ ' SIEMENS ELECTRIC LAMPS & SUPPLIES LTD., , 38/39^ U pper Tham es Street, London, E.C .4
To t a l l y E n c l o s e d A ir C ir c u i t PEEBLES A lternators W ith S el f -c o n t a in e d C o o l e r s '
Air Coolers form an integral part of the machine, and excava tions for deep founda tions and basement air ducts are eliminated SIMPLIFIED AIR CIRCUIT MAXIMUM A C C ESSIBILITY
3750 K.W. -8 power factor 3-phase 50 cycle. 5300 VolL 1000 t p.m . Totally Enclosed Air Circuit Alter nators with self - contained coolers, dial type thermometers for inlet and outlet temperatures, alarm Jtonj» and emergency dampers» October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 3
Made for 30,60,100.160.200,300 & 500 Amps., 600 Volls; Double, Triple and four pole and oiifh neulral links. Firred for Conduir. busbar chamber flanqe or cable glands.
Sturt/ W iring, ftiim m um tTlain ten cu u x LONDON: A W ZELLEY MANCHESTER GLASGOW- 73. GREAT PETER ST., B EL FA S T-BURTON-ON-TRENT EXETER ■SOUTHAMPTON W EST M IN S T E R ,SM.I BILL SWITCHGEAR LTD BIRMINGHAM-20 BIRCHFIELDS ■ SOU (A LIN ES) "a i c h o " B I R M I N G H A M
Change of Title
In order that the Company’s title shall be more descriptive
of its range of products, the name of
The Concordia Electric Wire Co. Ltd.
has, with the sanction of the Board of Trade, been changed
to THE CONCORDIA ELECTRIC WIRE & CABLE CO. LTD.
LONG EATON NR. NOTTINGHAM 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944
SHIP WIRING... [RomPTon COBLES TAKE A LOT OF BEATING
CROMPTON PARKINSON LIMITED, ELECTRA HOUSE, VICTORIA EMBANKMENT LONDON W C 9 Telephone : TEMp/e Bor 5911 ' Te/egrcm s : Crom porP, Estrand, London 5 October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w b X SWITCHGEAR ,T-H/ OIL-BREAK • AIR-BREAK • AIR-BLAST
A I R -
B R E A K
TRUCK (OIL-LESS) C la ss ‘A L ’ UP TO 3*3 kV 100 M VA
FULLY-TESTED FOR SHORT-CIRCUIT DUTY • Arc duration approximately one half-cycle at 100% rating.
Long Contact Life.
r 1 d n r u THE BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO.,LTD. B l H L CROWN HOUSE. ALDWVCH. LONDON. W.C 2 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4
WALSALL CONDUITS LTD.WEST BROMWICH October 27, 1944 E lectrical Review DELARMET
Designed primarily for use in place of Ball Bearings and where high rotational speeds are not involved. They consist of two components, the rotary portion being of steel and the stationary portion of a special plastic material possessing a practically permanent graphoid surface.
Further details and particulars sent on request.
jfe Ifa iiu c flastics K U IMPERIAL HOUSE • 84 REGENT ST. • LONDON • W • I Telephone : REGent 4901 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944
T H E P O C K ET TESTOSCOPE Size of a Fountain Pen
A convenient rapid fault-finding instrument for use on A C or DC Circuits Danger for use on S p o t s ! 100-750 volts
That corridor with FOR TESTING a blind corner, that SWITCHES OPEN CIRCUITS awkward stairway, that doorway in LIVE CONDUCTORS LEAKAGES a dim c o r n e r— EARTHS INSULATION VALUES these are the danger spots. Wigan and NEUTRAL WIRE POLARITY Lacent Prismatic Lighting is your solution. CONTINUITY, ETC. Wigan and Lacent fittings comprise a full range of units. Fully descriptive leaflets and specifications are available on request.
Q Ll ^h~ci\X/SLA dm 1082 October 27, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay u/e lend you cl c o p y o j j thll neu/ publication Ÿ THE ENGLISH ELECTRIC COMPANY LTD. — STAFFORD — 10 Issued by Howlands Electrical Accessories. Ltd.. Hockley Hill. Birmingham 18 October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w This popular radiant fire is ideal for bathrooms, nurseries, etc., where it is out of reach and is con trolled with perfect safety by a cord switch. It is one of the models we plan to put into production again as soon as condi tions allow ... .to meet the more urgent demands of your customers for efficient radiant heating. F i i i i m i HiFerranti Ltd.Moston, Manchester, 10. London Office: Kern House, Kings way, W.C .2. -H TINNING The Modern Process, using Stannate Tin Solution, produces strictly con trolled coatings, predetermined and uniform in thickness, even on articles of irregular shape. Deposits of reasonable thickness may be built up, which are not possible with a tin chloride bath. The solution also permits of a faster speed of deposition. & C? LT-D GREAT HAMPTON STREET BIRMINGHAM 18 October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 13 Conductor The successful development of a complete technique for the design, D ielectric manufacture and installation of super-tension cable systems for Metallised Paper Screen 132 kV working pressure, marks a definite step forward in the progress of high voltage power Inner Lead Sheath transmission. The constructional details of the Wire Woven HENLEY Impregnated Gas Cushion Cotton Bedding Tape Cable are indicated in the accom panying illustration. An interesting feature of the design is the in corporation of an inert gas in direct Brass Tape------Reinforcements contact with the dielectric. This design is the outcome of prolonged experiment and specialised ex perience in the super-tension cable field. The close collaboration be tween the skilled personnel in the W ire W oven Cotton Tape HENLEY High Voltage Research Laboratories, the Works and the Contract Department has achieved O uter Lead this outstanding success. Sheath We shall be pleased to supply further details of HENLEY Super-Tension Cables and to discuss Compounded Paper Tapes your transmission problems. Compounded Cotton Tapes HENLEY Compounded ¿ABLES Hessian Tapes HENLEY 132 kV. IMPREGNATED Famous for over a century GAS CUSHION CABLE W. T. HENLEY’S TELEGRAPH WORKS CO. LTD. MILTON COURT • WESTCOTT • DORKING • SURREY phone.-dopking 324/(10 lin e s ) ^ TELEGPAMS: HENlETEL, DOQKING 14 E lf.ctrical R e v ie w O ctober 2 7 , 1944 UNDER ALL CONDITIONS] I i r e l l i / i I e n e r a L CABLE W ORKS, Ltd., SOUTHAMPTON. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 15 EMPRESS WORKS* HU E R S F I E L 0 October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 1 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w Lew cos EXTREME FLEXIBl LITY W e specialise in MACHINE BRAIDS AND PLAITS Of every description. Our Price List covering a wide range of copper Braids and Cords will be tent on application. THE LONDON ELECTRIC W IRE COMPANY AND SMITHS LIMITED CHURCH ROAD . LEYTON . LONDON, E.IO October 2 7 , 1 944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 17 INDUCTION INSTRUMENTS Modern instruments for Modern Switchboards— Induction ammeters, voltmeters, watt-meters, power- factor meters, frequency meters and synchroscopes—all available in round sector and edgewise cases which are uniform in appearance and dimensions with “ Metrovick” moving iron, moving coil and dynamometer instruments. Outstanding features i f Long, clear scales. i f Robust movements. i f 1st grade accuracy. IMPROVE YOUR LIGHTING in consultation with L J^roltuctton METROVICK’S ILLUMINATING EN GIN EERS B E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w O ctober 27, 1944 The Engineer concerned Standard L.T. Substation Panel with thermal maximum demand indicators and voltmeter, earthing bar and duplicate earth connections. Lower illustration shows a Standard L.T. Substation Panel 250 k VA Capacity. SUBSTATION PANELS Built up from tailless type units, an original B.I. development, these panels provide maximum adaptability of layout in a neat and compact design. The B.I. Technical Advisory Service will gladly assist Engineers engaged in developing or replanning L.T. Distribution Centres. Particulars on request. ... expressed entire satisfaction BRITISH INSULATED CABLES LTD. Head Office'. PRESCOT, LANCS. Telephone : PRESC O T 6571 i M H M g g y-i!■?"'■&?*. >-« fwrwrnrrryr v'-m /"■.///--/^ FOR TRANSFORMER AND DYNAMO W ELECTRICAL STAMPINGS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS SPECIAL ALLOY SHEET FOR MAGNETIC TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION - HIGH FREQUENCY WORK - RELAYS LONDON OFFICE: P.O. BOX 255. 6, BROADWAY, S.W.1. z r - October 21, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w E.L.M.A. LAMPS MADE IN ENGLAND ELECTRIC LAMPS Telephone: TEMple Bar 6074. Telegrams: “ Duramentum, Westcent, London.” branches holding stocks from which supplies can be obtained MANCHESTER: LEEDS : 6 Park Square. LEICESTER: 18 Pool St., Market Street. Tel.: Leeds 22119. 89 London Road. T el.: Deans gate 5687. Grams : Tel.: Leicester 59028. G ra m s: “ P ope's, Leeds 22119.” G ram s : “ P ope's, Deansgate 5687.** “ Pope’s, Leicester 59028.” BIRMINGHAM: 3 Grosvenor Chambers B R IS T O L : Broad St. Corner, Broad Street. 123 Victoria Street. Tel.: Midland 2580. Tel.: Bristol 23239. Grams : “ Pole's, Midland 2580, Birmingham.' Grams : “ P o p e’s , B ristol 23239.” BELFAST (Managers : Campbell, Gardner & Co.) : 27 Franklin Street. Tel.: Belfast 25171. G ra m s: “ Camergard, Belfast." October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 21 For D.C.POWER SUPPLIES TO OPERATE BRAKES• CHUCKS CLUTCHES ♦ TYPICAL lkW SEPARATORS RECTIFIER EQUIPMENT CONTACTORS AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL PLANT A.C. MAINS ALSO FOR Battery Charging THE R, R.F., AND R.T.F. SERIES OF W E ST INC HO U SE RECTIFIER EQUIPMENTS furnish a range of sets suitable for numerous industrial applications requiring direct current of from 171 watts up to 8 k W . For use direct on Single or 3-phase A.C. Supplies they incorporate “ Westalite ” Selenium Compound Full-wave Metal Rectifiers. No moving parts. No filaments. At present available to priority orders only. Full details are given in Data Sheet No. 23. Send for a copy to :— WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., LTD Pew Hill House • Chippenham • Wilts, 12 Electrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 Metal-Clad and SOCKETS • WORKS • SHIPYARDS AND ALL OTHER INDUSTRIAL PLANT 5 " A m p e r e 15" A m p e r e 3 0 - A m p e r e WITH SCRAPING EARTH CONNECTIONS STRONG CONSTRUCTION •— SOUND EARTHING •— PROTECTED PLUGS •— SHIELDED CABLEENTRY REYROLLE HEBBURN-ON-TYNE ENGLAND Octobei' 21, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 23 Electrical Remote Control This 9-panel Crompton D.A.2A Truck-type Switchboard is fitted with solenoid-operated circuit breakers, electrically remote controlled from the panel shown. The declared rating is 150 MVA, system 11 kV, 3-phase, 50 cycles. Testing at the Crompton Short-Circuit Testing Station made certain of good performance at this rating. CRompionM pnRKinson . LIMITED ELECTRA HOUSE. VICTORIA EMBANKMENT, LONDON. W. C. 2, and Branches October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 24 DYNAMrMOV0 G IK ,R 0 N, TH£R^RicTiftER TYPES (kcu M Ü f M a ià MADE B Y - ELLIOTT BROTHERS ( l o n d o i v ) LTD, CENTURY WORKS, LEWISHAM, S.E.I3. Tel. : TIDEW AY 3232 I October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 25 thave ‘Photostat th e ftiettit.sr* If your work requires considerable numbers of facsimile copies, why not install a “Photostat” machine so that these copies can be made on the premises ? The “Photostat” provides the simplest, quick est and most reliable method of producing fac simile copies in monochrome of plans, charts, statistical tables, hand-writing, wash or line drawings and photographs. The operation of the machine is very largely automatic and skilled labour is not required. It will be to your advantage to include “ Photostat” in your post-war planning. Con sult us about its applications; our extensive experience of all kinds of business problems in which “ Photostat” has been of assistance is at your service. W rite to PHOTOSTAT LTDt. Dept. I, Adelaide House, King William Street, London, E.C.4. Phone : MANsion House 8226. 5555555555555555555555555555555 Lionel Robinson & Co. Ltd. 3 Staple Inn London, W .C.I T e le p h o n e • • H O L b o r n 6 3 2 2 ->6 Electrical Review October 27, 1944 BRITAIN LIGHTS UP REVO MOONLIGHTING AT LLANDUDNO .... one of the many Cities and Towns throughout the Country now equipped with STREET LIGHTING CONVERSION FITTINGS or complete ^ead^w'red8- MOONLIGHT ' uSit®1'? ' tUo'gN='ox!S u uz S n8r or "0®h2tinFV0 2 F.c. " tt";8S' intensity ° r now¿ in production. ^ delivery guaranteed ■ E I S E I October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 27 THE CONSISTENT ACCURACY OF M ETA |EEC CON^UlIi MEANS TINE FATED IN F I T T I N G T O raT T ÜT £ COMPANY LIMITED IUDGATE HILL BIR MINGHAM fin ON e CCN 7/67 6 tí AMS fil AS A 8/OMIH6M4U Sales Depots : London - 88 Goswell Road, E.C.I CH E may consider the idea of a kitchen without Newcastle-on-Tyne - - St. John Street ^ a larder somewhat revolutionary. But actually, Leeds - 5 York Place Swansea - I Grove Place with a refrigerator of ample size, a larder is quite Glasgow - - - - 137a, St. Vincent Street unnecessary. With this in view, Prestcold engin eers have designed a model of 4J cub. ft. capacity for mass-production at a popular price. It would hold sufficient perishable goods for a family of four. Non-perishable foods would be kept in kitchen cupboards. The “no-larder” kitchen has been proved satisfactory in actual practice, and architects and builders will be quick to realise the constructional saving to be effected. For the future health of the nation a refrigerator is a desirable addition to every home. For the “ quick-frozen ” foods which will be available after the war, refrigerators will become an 'S ä ä & ic . absolute necessity to all. The following advantages ■ of the Prestcold design are well worth noting. S forage capacity of approximately Height adaptable by varying posi PUMPS 4\ cubic feet, which will hold all tion of supporting frames. the perishable foodstuffs for a FOR WELLS & family of four. Refrigerator can be built into Larder space rendered unnecessary. kitchen fitments with cupboard Dry goods and non - perishable space above and below it. BOREHOLES OF foodstuffs would be kept in kit chen cupboards. Design provides for adequate ven EVERY DEPTH Waist - high refrigerator door, tilation of mechanism without the allowing access to interior without necessity for special air-bricks or TYPE E.O.E. for W ell* »nd Borehole* stooping. ducting. exceeding 25 ft. In depth. To ully enclosed self-oiling mechanism of Patented design. Precision workmanship throughout. Pump can be supplied complete with J h.p. Electric Motor or with fast and loose pulleys for belt drive. Capacities from 58 gallons per hour. We invite Agents to write for PRESTCOLD illustrated literature, prices and • discounts. H. J. GODW IN LTD QUENINGTON, G L O S . n?«= Telephone : Coin St. Aldwyn 36 (3 lines) A PRODUCT OF THE PRESSED STEEL COMPANY LIMITED October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 2 8 GRVSELCO CONSTRUCTED n TO CONSERVE 1 1 CRYSELCO LIMITED • BEDFORD October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 2 9 The New Craftsmanship for ist-war h sing The millions of new houses which are and will be needed in this country— “ prefabricated ” and brick built alike—will call for ample supplies of standardised electrical products of good design, quality and durability. The Al.E.M. factory is fully equipped to turn out switches, fuseboards, and other electrical gear immediately the change over from war priorities to peacetime production becomes permissible. By Tull mechanisation and skilled planning M.E.M. engineers have created the New Craftsmanship which might be described as quality in quantities. Quality depends upon good design, good materials and tested construction. Quantity production is the result of mechanisation and organisation. The M.E.M. factory is self-contained and self-sufficient. It produces good electrical gear from start to finish—good all through. MEM 8 ■’ All-Insulated Switch and Fuse SWITCHGEAR MOTOR STARTERS FUSEGEAR ELECTRIC FIRES MIDLAND .ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING CO. LTD., IYSELEY, BIRMINGHAM, 11 London Showrooms and Stores : 21-22 Rathbone Place, London,W.l • Manchester Showrooms and Stores: 48-50 Chapel Street, Salford, 3 1 944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 21, 30 7i & S u t u L i L f u T ^ V $ £ T U M I * * u L , ASHTON C A B I f 8 E F I E X I B IE S Used in the activities of all the fighting services and various government departments “ASHTON ” Cables and Flexibles are in the front line for quality and reliability. There are types and finishes including P.V.C. (.Plastics) for every purpose, 1 all manufactured under the strictest laboratory control # throughout. Present supplies available for essential purposes. ACF.t Hit l i d iff L* ?! l U ii 11 • f jUlii?I u i? MS is»** I AERIALITE LTD STALY B RIDGE CHESHIRE October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 31 WHEREVER A.C. WELDING FINDS A NEED . . . . . FINDS THE ANSWER ! THE J. & P. SINGLE OPERATOR A.C W EL D IN G SET IS FULLY DESCRIBED IN LEAFLET No. G5. Ask for your copy JOHNSON & PHILLIPS LTD CHARLTON, LONDON, S.E.7 Telephone : Greenwich 3244 (13 lines). Telegrams : "Juno," Charlton, Kent ÍU touk tic i tU i"lätU m m iih ytdlU y- October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E i e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 32 October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 33 COSMOS LAMPS M ET R O P O LIT A N -VICKERS ELE C T R IC A L CO., LTD. NUMBER ONE KINGSWAY, LONDON, W.C, 2 October 2 7 , 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 3 4 October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w FOR HITLER S COFFIN VX/^E can’t be sure of that, but judging by the happy ” ’ expression of this soldier from Ceylon, we wouldn’t be surprised. In any event, Ceylon’s loyalty has been of incalculable value to the United Nations and, when the Coffin is finally fastened down, the Sinhalese may feel proudly that their help has driven in many a nail. A tribute to gallantry and self-sacrifice— and to the unity of purpose by which victory is assured...... Issued by S. O. Bowker, Ltd., 19-21, Warstone Lane, Birmingham, 18. fenby ACCESSORIES October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 37 ENGINEERS E 5 T 160» HEENAN AUTOMATIC WIRE & STRIP FORMING MACHINES HEENAN & FROUDE LIMITED ENGINEERS WORCESTER ENGLAND H H | 38 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w ' October 27, 1944 For the Homes o f the Future- Mi Ins ST. HELENS CABLE & RUBBER CO. LTD., SLOUGH SLOUGH 20333 E lec t r ic a l R e v iew Managing E d ito r : October 27, 1944 Hugh S. Pocock, M.I.E.E. Technical Editor : Commercial Editor Contents C. O. Brettelle, M.I.E.E. J. H. Cosens Page Contents continued : — Page Editorial—War Record of the Grid 577 Experimental Research 597 Colliery Distribution 580 Electric Heaters. By R. D. Reynolds, New Indian Industries 584 A.M.I.E.E...... 598 Future Load Conditions 585 Commerce and Industry 599 The Public’s Choice 586 Electricity Supply Questions 602 The Grid and the Nation 587 Fire Resisting Cable 603 Portable Tools. By R. S. Bennett, Brazilian Post-W ar Plan 605 A.M.I.E.E., A.M.I.Mech.E. . 588 Electricity Supply 606 Rules and Registration 589 Financial Section .... 607 6 i 1 Forthcoming Events 590 New Patents .... Contract Information . 612 Correspondence 591 Personal and Social 593 Classified Advertisements 67 Electrical Exports in Wartime 595 Index to Advertisers 76 EDITORIAL, ADVERTISING It PUBLISHING OFFICES : Dorset House, Stamford St.,London, S.E.I Telegraphic Address : “ Ageekay, Sedist, London.” Code: ABC. Telephone No.: Waterloo 3333 (35 lines). Registered at G.P.O. as a Newspaper and Canadian Magazine rate of postage. Entered as Second Class Matter at the New York, U.S.A., Post Office. Annual Subscription, Post free : British Isles, £2 7s. 8d. ; Canada, £2 3s. 4d. ; Elsewhere, £2 5s. id. Cheques and Postal Orders (on Chief Office, London) to be made payable to ELECTRICAL REVIEW LTD., and crossed “ Lloyds Bank." McKechnie Non-Ferrous Ingots are uniform in composition and therefore easier to melt and handle. Produced by a perfect plant under constant supervision to the correct analysis, the McKechnie range of Non-Ferrous Ingots covers the entire need of the Brass Foundry. McKechnie Chill Cast Bars are closer in structure than Sand Cast Bars and possess greater homo geneity and resistance with an absence of segre gation. They are clean, concentric and sound. Apart from the saving on tool costs and labour which naturally follows the use of Chill Cast as against Sand C ast Bars the saving in scrap and turnings is very considerable. M 5 KECHNIE BROS Ltd Brass Rods, Stampings and Non-Ferrous Ingot Meta/ Manufacturers Telephone : Edgb«ton sssi a ime.) R O T T O N P A R K S T R E E T . B IR M IN G H A M 16 Telegrams: “ McKechnie, Birmingham.’* E E lectrical Review October 2 7 , 1944 , land,[ ak„ Berrys products have proved their quality They will do so ayain in the homes of tht world at peace. FIRES • FITTINGS • SWITCHGEA WATER HEATERS ...... , BERRY'S ELECTRIC LTD • LONDON • BIRMINGHAM ■ MANCHESTER ■ NEWCASTLE l a n a f u n h e a d Comparison with the homely pin shows how minute is the i mm. “ SANWEST ” jewel . . . but how vital is the part which these instru ment bearings have played since the day,when other sources of supply were suddenly cut off. “ SANWEST ” jewels, in their i m m ., 1 1 m m . o r z m m . sizes, are meeting the bearing needs of all types of instruments having “ V ” type jewels with conspicuous success. 5 AM INSTRUMENT B E A R I N C S SANGAMO WESTON ENFIELD MIDDLESEX S005%5 pOUTECHNlHl) E lec tr ic a l R e v iew THE OLDEST ELECTRICAL PAPER - ESTABLISHED 1872 Vol. CXXXV. No. 3492. OCTOBER 27, 1944 9d. WEEKLY War Record of the Grid Contribution to Victory OT often has the saying “ they builded kind would have had to be hastily im better than they knew ” received so provised with the consequent detraction pointed an application as it has in regard from the war effort. When it becomes to the British grid during the past five permissible to dot the i’s and cross the years. Although its main features of t’s regarding the manner in which pro co-ordinated generation and power-station longed interruptions of supplies to interconnection came about from a realisa individual areas were prevented (trailing tion during the last war that stations cables from runaway barrage balloons for serving local areas exclusively had causing more trouble than enemy planes), proved inadequate under modern con appropriate deductions from the particular ditions, its design some years later had to the general may be found to have in view the maintenance of this country’s possessed unusual validity. industrial position in what then promised to be an era of peaceful progress, the Precautions Justified accent being on cheapness of electricity. The steps taken to ensure war prepared Nine years have passed since Mr. Harold ness appear to have been well justified Hobson (now Chairman of the Central in the event. Some of them, including Electricity Board), in a presidential address the concrete housings for turbo-alternators, to the Association of Supervising Electrical such part of the protection of outdoor Engineers, gave what may be termed an transformers as may reduce output and interim report of the operation of the the bricking in of windows, will, no doubt, grid and of the increasing advantages be dispensed with as quickly as circum it could reasonably be expected to bring stances allow. Others, however, as to industry and the public at large. These exemplified by connections to the grid at expectations were generally recognised more than one point, improved segregation to be in course of fulfilment when the of plant items and, possibly, the stocks present war broke out. Subsequent of emergency spares, are likely to prove happenings provided the main theme permanent assets. So, too, is the habit for this year’s presidential address of engendered among power-station engineers, Mr. E. R. Wilkinson to the same Associa which the Board has fostered, of pooling tio n . their experiences, while useful experience of another kind has been gained by the Avoidance of Prolonged Interruptions managers of some undertakings in nego Although for security reasons he dealt tiations for connecting up loads of a with the subject on broad lines, Mr. magnitude altogether beyond the scope Wilkinson was able to indicate clearly of small power stations. enough how inestimable has been the With the accent shifted from cheapness contribution of the organisation he serves of electricity to security of supply under to the allied victory and also why, if the extreme stress, economy in generation grid had not existed, something of the has been naturally affected adversely as a E* October 21, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 5 7 8 required to fill an order, and it will result of the policy of spreading the total be vital in the nation’s interests that load over a large number of stations. manufacturers shall have the necessary This has been a temporary expedient, man-power and materials to be com but something better in the way of thermal efficiency than a restoration of the status petitive in this respect. quo is to be looked for in post-war plant. D e s p it e the necessity Indispensable as the grid has proved itself The Home for building up and to be in keeping the supply going with so Market expanding our post-war high a degree of reliability in crises, its export trade, Mr. Hugh value in making electricity widely available, Dalton, President of the Board of Trade, while less spectacular, has also been of made it clear in the House of Commons the first importance and is, moreover, a last Friday that what might be described lasting asset. as a “ limited priority ” was to be given E a r l y in 1941 the Board to goods for the home market. The reason Export of Trade suspended for this is obvious. Long-suffering though Position publication of the brief the British public is, it would scarcely summary of overseas trade regard kindly the export of goods badly which had been issued since the beginning of the war, it being felt that even in needed in this country. Mr. Dalton’s statement is, however, somewhat at this abbreviated form the figures were capable of conveying useful information variance with previous announcements to the enemy. It occasions no surprise and if it is to be carried into effect facilities to learn, from the details now released, for manufacturers to develop their post that the country’s export trade has war products must be granted without drastically declined during the interval. delay. The electrical goods group has not suffered So much attention has so much as some of the other classes, Flat-pin Plugs lately been given to the possibly because it holds a high place as subject of plugs and regards essentiality and has been less sockets in general, in which round pins affected by the closing of Continental seem to have been taken for granted, that markets, the bulk of pre-war exports nothing has been heard of the flat pin for going to Empire countries. It is interesting quite a time. The I.M .E.A. is not going to to recall that in the first year of the war let the matter rest, however. It has been exports of electrical goods, as apart from endeavouring to persuade the B.S.I. to machinery, displayed a remarkable buoy produce a standard specification for flat- ancy and in May, 1940, when the “ export pin plugs. There has been delay and the for currency ” drive was on, reached Council (according to the October I.M.E.A. the record total of £1,477,336. The pre Journal) “ has expressed its strong dis war trend had been noticeably upwards, satisfaction of the way in which the question and it may justifiably be said that, but has been dealt with.” It is making further for the present conflict, electrical apparatus representations, being of the opinion that manufacturers would have met with grow there is a sufficient number of under ing success in overseas markets. takings using this type of plug to warrant its being standardised. As an addendum T he p o sitio n w ith Electrical regard to generators, it may be remarked that B.E.A.M.A. Machinery motors and the like makes a statement on the plug position was, in the earlier trade in general in this issue. summaries, obscured by their inclusion In its memorandum on in the large machinery group. That B ack to the electricity supply in- there exists an urgent demand from the McGowan dustry, published last year, Dominions for the supply of British the Incorporated Associa power plant has, however, been made tion of Electric Power Companies quoted clear by the reports of Dominion electricity with approval some of the principal undertakings, whose representatives have passages of the McGowan Report, a in some cases visited this country in order report which the Government of the day to expedite delivery. One of the primary accepted as a basis for its reorganisation considerations from the customer’s view plan as set out in a subsequent White point after the war will be the time Paper. Mr. F. W. Lawton, city electrical .Bd October 27, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 579 1 ill tests £ engineer of Birmingham, speaking as In spite of the damper chairman of the South Midland Centre of Compulsory put on its proposals by the Is ¡j the I.E.E. last week, also considered that Regulation Institution of Electrical the McGowan (and Weir) Reports pro Engineers, the National vided a “ firm and impartial foundation ” Committee on Statutory Wiring Regula 5 Sts for future developments. He maintained tions and Registration intends to continue 1 I ! that it was inadvisable to separate distribu- its campaign. There is by no means 'i! tion from generation in a large and com unanimity within the industry regarding plex area and he spoke appreciatively of the desirability of close control of the wUi the work of the Commissioners and Cen- electrical contracting business. Although »Kc tral Board in co-ordinating the industry it is certain that no section is in favour of without destroying individual initiative, shoddy installation work, opinions vary as Btos which nationalisation would tend to do. to the implications of the Committee’s it Hi; plan and as to the possibility of ensuring i;- : A n y move that would its effective application. Apart from the »ouii, Rate o f seriously disturb the rate actual installations, such questions arise Growth of growth of electricity as the approval and inspection of it [ supply is to be deprecated, appliances, and the case of the householder ijjui- This gives the text of Mr. H. W. Grimmitt’s who wants to do his own repairs or even jjjE, chairman’s address to the I.E.E. Trans extensions. ude mission Section, in which he submitted ,y; ■ evidence that all anticipated developments T h e position of the ; for many years could be catered for Supply electricity supply authori- within the range of a steady continuance Authorities’ ties in this matter is of the percentage for the past ten years, Attitude equivocal. The company isKk which he regards as satisfactory. Any undertakings are not repre ajar, considerable departure from this, either sented on the Committee ; the municipal : up or down, would disturb the economic authorities are, but their attitude is doubt roffl: structure and possibly lead to unemploy- ful. By an unfortunate concatenation of irpsat. ment. The same argument can be applied circumstances their representatives were iisSan to individual undertakings, as local per- prevented from attending the Press meeting k 3M.se centages should not differ much from which is reported in this issue. We do not lit the national average. In arranging for question the reasons for the withdrawal of Je tie U1 mains extensions, estimates should be the manufacturers and the wholesalers iymts! based as far as practicable on the from the Committee, but this leaves un a ¡kbit assumption of steady growth of load represented two important sections of the OctotaLKi during the next twenty years. industry which are really concerned in the matter—more concerned, for instance, i T h e “ liberation ” of the th an th e E .P.E .A . w hich is represented. Good W ork people of the South-East Coast towns from the T h e views of the I.E.E. ;; enemy’s long-range guns and flying bombs Influence of have been referred to. It has brought them relief after a long period the I.E.E. is the opinion of some " of stress and strain which will be appreciated members of the Committee by nobody more than the electricity that the matter is not one upon which the supply workers. These men have received Institution is constitutionally competent to epi f high praise from the Electricity Commis pass judgment. However that may be, and sioners and the Ministry of Fuel and Power. quite apart from the merits of the National gjoBDit During the past three or four years, for Committee’s proposals, it is a fact that the aIV if i) instance, Mr. R. G. W idgery, chief electrical Government Departments look upon the ¿¡lasts engineer of Dover, and his staff have been I.E.E. as the only organisation really $$0$ called upon to keep the system running representative of the whole electrical j.jjg (St u n d er a lm o st c o n tin u o u s b o m b ard m e n t an d industry. The industry knows that, except Ijj n£ at no time has the supply been cut off for in strictly technical matters (which com u Kfr. more than a few hours to isolated groups of pulsory registration is not), this is not the .jldfjii consum ers. T h e electricity supply m en o f case, but the Governmental idea can be OIi0 : Dover and the other towns involved take appreciated when it is considered how uejt ft their place with their London confreres as sectionalised the industry is and how the /rvi/ec© real heroes of the “ Home Front.” interests of the sections overlap. 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 5 8 0 Colliery Distribution From Supply Intake to Coal Face N earlier articles we have dealt fully with supply at one point only and thereby obtain I the electrical side of the coal winning the benefit of diversity. A duplicate 66-kV processes at the recently completely substation at Beighton serves mainly as a electrified Treeton Colliery of the Rother standby in the event of the Treeton 66-kV Vale Collieries Branch of the United Steel substation being put out of use for any Companies, Ltd. It is now proposed to reason by operating the overhead line inter- outline the electrical distribution system connector in the reverse direction. from the point of supply intake to the coal Normal metering is effected in the Treeton face, but, as this colliery is electrically inter colliery power house where there are two connected with others in the group, reference sets^or_Trivector metering equipment, one must also be made to the general system from which the whole of XT the group is supplied. • • The supply to the group is taken A from the 66-kV system of the 1 • • A • * A A I Yorkshire Electric Power Co., which, of course, is supplied from ! h m ■ * ^ t ■ : i gg as the power stations at Ferrybridge fL A | ' and Thornhill. Alternative supplies M l M l are provided from the undertaking’s 3 11 -kV local distribution system. An ■ • • . • • '■ ~.r - j agreed supply of 7,000 kVA is HS81 - ^ ■ sO. afforded at the Treeton Colliery * ft»' for use there and at the Beighton Brookhouse Colliery by means of - a 66/11-kV outdoor substation If1 & &m through two 5,000-kVA 66/11-kV ' 'fl s * * * TQ transformers. This supply under taking’s outdoor substation (title illustration) is a little distance from <■ B * the Treeton Colliery, where the supply is actually provided and V metered at 10-5 kV at the colliery substation. Of the agreed 7,000 kVA, 4,000 S i m kVA is normally required at Treeton Normal metering js effected in the colliery power h ouse and 3,000 kVA at Beighton Brook on a board which is also equipped for remote c o n tr o l of house, and in the latter case the the 66-kV outdoor type switchgear supply is transmitted by an 11-kV over for checking purposes. In addition, to head fine interconnector provided by the meet the colliery company’s convenience supply undertaking for the sole use of the for internal costing, single-phase Wh meters colliery company which can thus take a are provided on the Beighton interconnector. October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 581 For a further check single-phase Wh meters shaft cable, 0 06 shaft cable, 0 1 shaft cable, are provided on the two 5,000-kVA trans Meadow pump and sawmill, upcast winder, formers, by which means a comprehensive downcast winder, 3-3-kV/500-V surface check is obtained on the Trivector metering transformer and ventilating fan. The feeder system. to the compressor is taken directly to the Duplicate 11 -kV feeders are run from the five-panel flush control board referred to in point of supply to the colliery company’s the “ Coal Winning ” article (Electrical Review, 11-kV board in the Treeton colliery sub Septem ber 8th, p. 328). The surface lighting station for distribution from this point. transformer is an 80-kVA, 3-3-kV/llO-V, The 11-kV switchgear consists of one ten- three-phase equipment. The screens feeder panel metalclad air-insulated Ferguson Pailin serves directly the 100-HP group drive re switchboard, the individual units of which ferred to in the “ Modern Coal Treatment ” have a rupturing capacity of 150 MVA. article (Electrical Review, O ctober 6th, p. 475.) The washery feeder is con nected through a 12-25-kVA reactor to a five-panel English Electric switchboard in the washery buildings for con trolling the supply to a 200-HP group drive for the whole washery with a duplicate for this feed, a 3-3-kV/500-V, 150- kVA transformer serving the low-voltage supply to the slurry plant and screens through a five- panel G.E.C. switchboard. From one .panel of this the 35-HP motor for the picking bands and six 5-HP motors for the dry-cleaning plant are fed through a subsidiary distribu tion board. The fourth panel controls an outgoing feeder for the main office supply situated a little distance from Above : The individual 11-kV units in the colliery substation have a ruptur ing capacity of 150 MVA Right: Three 11/33-kV star-star connected trans formers adjacent to the colliery substation supply direct to the main colliery distribution board From three of these panels supplies are afforded to three 11/3-3-kV transform ers, two of which are of 2,500-kVA capacity and the remaining one of 1,250 kVA. These Ferranti transformers are naturally - cooled outdoor equipments and are connected the colliery and Treeton village lighting and star-star. For distribution at 3-3 kV a the fifth panel, of course, serves for the 15-panel totally-enclosed vertically-isolated incoming supply. horizontal draw-out air-insulated Ferguson The shaft cables are all cleated down the Pailin metal-clad unit switchboard is installed. downcast shaft wall at 25-yd. centres by Of the fifteen panels, three are incoming 5-ft. wooden cable cleats. These cables are units and the twelve outgoing units serve the fed to the main underground substation following equipment: Compressors, surface which is about 150 yd. from the pit bottom lighting transformers, screens, washery, 0 04 on to an English Electric seven-panel flame- 582 Electrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 proof switchboard of the totally-enclosed supply is afforded to the five-panel gate-end draw-out type with isolating oil circuit- switchboard also referred to earlier, breakers having a rupturing capacity of All the gate-end switches and the two- 25 MVA and a carrying capacity of 150 A. panel board at the loading point are equipped A further panel has been added to control for push-button remote control of the face equipment. The gate-end panels are also equipped with earth leakage and overload protection. From the five-panel board trailing cables serve the coal cutters, high-frequency drills and the face conveyors; these cables are of the collectively screened type. The feeders to the electric winding engines referred to in an earlier article are taken directly to the circuit-breakers governing the respective equip ments. The surface transformer supplies various auxiliary circuits and the feeder to the ventilation fans is connected directly to the stator oil circuit-breaker in the fan house. In addition to the supplies provided at the Treeton and Beighton Brookhouse Collieries, The main underground substation is about iso yards from t h e p i t arrangements have been made by bottom ; the shaft cables^connect^,«« to the 33-kV sw.tch- ^ (Q provide a supply to Thurcroft Colliery to the 0-1 shaft cable, which is a 200-A unit, augment the supply provided by the colliery Of the eight panels in the underground company’s 1,000-kW generating station at substation, three are for incoming feeders that site which is normally running in parallel and the remaining five outgoing units serve with the supply company’s system. Further, the following equipment: 250-HP Barnsley a stand-by supply is provided via the inter haulage, 40-kVA, 3-3-kV/500-V transformer connector to the Orgreave Colliery at which in the substation, two-panel switchboard point the power company provides a separate in the High Hazel plane, of which one point of supply at 10-5 kV to the extent panel feeds the Barnsley seam and the other the High Hazel seam, 125-HP High Hazel plane haulage and the Haigh Moor seam. The supply to the coal face machinery is practically identical in each seam from the under ground substation, and generally it is in line with the following description of the scheme to the Haigh Moor seam. At a distance of not more than 300 yd. from the coal face is installed a 125-kVA portable substation (Transwitch) controlled by high- voltage and low-voltage oil circuit-breakers on either side of the transformer. This is a Reyrolle product. At the dis charge end of the gate conveyor is a 2^-kVA road lighting unit Wathwood pumps are served by their own distribution which is in circuit in the main run of the cable which provides the lighting of 2,500 kVA. Here again the colliery for this point. The cable then proceeds to company’s generating plant runs in parallel a two-penel unit referred to in the earlier with the public supply system. The colliery article, and from this two-panel unit a company has also supplied an 11-kV inter Him October 21, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 583 h connector between the S i Orgreave and Beighton Brookhouse Collieries; the generating plant «1 îjj, at the latter point also ¡fSipit-.' runs in parallel with H k the common system. at à The total capacities of WBfe the generating stations «Liis- at Orgreave, Beighton an* ¡5 Brookhouse and Thur- croft Collieries are 10 i| g 5,000 kW, 1,850 kW s«« and 1,000 kW, respect Mi Ji{ ively. ! CBCèjj The importance of respect.; avoiding interference àsts with output during sauxiar- actual change - over periods has already lOtlKCc been referred to in i i k previous articles, and in this respect the ... ,, ...... following notes on the colliery has a well-appointed charging room for the miners’electric lamps lois conversion of the power house and of the housed the pipes, cables and electrical 1* liai winders will be of particular interest. Re- control and auxiliary equipment with sufficient ttoista equipping the power house involved the room to permit easy maintenance. The a« tea removal of two turbo-generators with their new floor was established without shutting npaiyijj condensers, the demolition of the high down production in any way, a remarkable iroilGfc foundations and rearranging the compressors achievement which necessitated a carefully d bills ti originally on the ground level up to the new arranged programme as follows:—In the misai high level. first place a temporary connection was made ■ IlliîK It was necessary to raise the floor level to the Y.E.P. system to permit shutting down MOL fa to create a basement in which could be the two turbo-generators. The 3-kV switch- e CRANE GANTRY TURBO-COMPRESSORTURBO-GENERATOR ISWITCHGEAR STEAM DRIVEN COMPRESSOR ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN COMPRESSOR p i CONDENSER, t u a * (be * î in PJf ft colli Re-equipping the power house involved the removal of two turbo-alternators and rearranging the /.jcViilt compressors at the new high level ; present (above) and original arrangements of power house 584 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 board was retained at its original level winder would have necessitated considerable above the level of the power house working alterations to the steam-driven equipment, platform to provide sufficient headroom in and this was therefore retained in use while the the basement for the liquid controller new electric winder house was erected and the circuit-breaker for the m.g. flywheel immediately behind the old steam winder set for the downcast winder. Then a small house. Having moved the steam receiver air compressor was taken out and a new and altered the pipes feeding this, the colliery bed for the first motor-driven compressor company was able to proceed with the was made to line up with the new floor. erection of the new building and winder This left the two remaining compressors while the steam winder was still in use. The supplying the pit. The first new compressor actual change-over from the old to the new was then erected and quickly put into com winder and replacement of the existing two- mission. deck cages and ropes was carried out during five days at Christmas, 1943, and with Temporary Supply Arrangements almost negligible interference with the Up to this point the supply was limited colliery output. because the 66-kV substation was not com Proceeding on the same lines, the steam- pleted, the temporary supply being taken driven upcast winder was replaced by the new from the local distribution system. In the electric winder, the actual final change-over meantime the supply was increased from the of the ropes, etc., being carried out during local 11-kV system and this enabled a the normal summer holidays, without loss second new compressor to be installed and the of output. In this case, however, the new 4,000 cu. ft. steam set to be dismantled and upcast winder was actually erected on the disposed of. By the installation of these existing foundation with the exception of an two motor-driven compressors with the third extension for the driving motor. compressor in its original position the Weekly Consumption colliery staff were then in a position to dismantle the Adamson turbo-compressor. To give some idea of the colliery electrical During this period the air consumption consumption, the following figures represent was falling in consequence of the progress of a typical week’s working:—Of the total of electrification underground, and this per 179,630 kWh for the total mine consumption, mitted the release of the third compressor 65,150 Was used by the com pressors, 4,000 so that this could be taken down and re by the screens, 17,000 by the washery, erected at the new level. The new floor 16,000 by the auxiliary surface plant, 34,490 was constructed section by section as the by the winders, -21,645 by the ventilating progress of the change-over permitted. fan, 14,925 by the underground equipment To accommodate the new downcast (excluding pumping), and 6,420 by the winder on the same site as the existing steam pum ps. \<‘w Indian Industries VIDENCE of India’s increasing participa the National Insulated Cable Co. of India, E tion in the field of industry and growing Ltd., which already has a works in the Central output for the war effort is afforded by news Provinces and will shortly be starting up a of the completion of a new rolling mill in the new factory erected near the rolling mills. vicinity of Calcutta. The opening of the works Both concerns are under the management of of the National Rolling the Associated Industrial Developments Co., Mills, Ltd., was attended Ltd., of which Mr. G. B. Page, a well-known by a large gathering personality in the electrical industry in this composed of representa country and India, is managing director. Mr. tives of the Indian S. F. Nicholls, formerly of Derby Cables, Ltd., Government and lead left England recently on his way to India to ing European and supervise the installation of the cable-making Indian industrialists. plant which is designed for the production The opening ceremony of all types of v.i.r. and v.c. cables, enamelled, was performed by the cotton and silk covered wires. In the near Hon. Dewan Bahadur future Mr. C. G. Gorton, formerly of the Sir A. Ramaswami Cable Planning Department, Ministry of Mudaliar, K.C.S.I., Supply, will leave England to take up his Supply Member of the duties as works manager of the cable factory; Executive Council of at present he is in this country dealing with the the Governor-General. company’s affairs. Mr. C. G. Gorton, works This extensive factory manager, National In In addition to the rolling mills apd cable has been equipped with sulated Cable Co. of factory, plans are well advanced for the the most modern British India establishment by the same managing agents plant. The output is of factories for wire rope, metal - pipes and chiefly copper rods for the electrical industry, tubes, and steel strip manufacture, all on the part of which is destined for a sister concern, same factory estate. October 27, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 5 8 5 Future Loud Condition* Industrial, Domestic and Rural Trends N his inaugural address as chairman consumer than those figures indicated. On a I of the Transmission Section of the housing estate which was “ completely Institution of Electrical Engineers on October electric ” the average consumption per 18th, Mr. H. W. G r i m m i t t (Electricity annum was from 4,000 to 5,000 kWh with a Commission) pointed out that many electricity load factor slightly in excess of 30 per cent. supply undertakings now had nearly all their It was necessary to add a cautionary note mains fully loaded. The industry had about those urban areas in which the domestic carried out its work during the war with load used to be much in excess of that for strict regard for the shortage of materials, power. The pre-war tendency for their system only absolutely essential work having been load factor to decrease was not a good sign. done, so that many systems were now Its later improvement might have been due without standby mains or plant. He felt, to the fuel economy campaign and the better perhaps due to the excellence of the service load factor of war-time power load. Rising rendered during the “ blitz ” periods, that the price of coal might render some domestic industry had been taken for granted and not tariffs uneconomical, an effect which had always given the priorities it deserved. been masked in many instances during the The time had now come for reconditioning war by growing power load with its com and the transmission engineer could not paratively high load factor. But when complain that there were no available factories reverted to single-shift working an statistics to assist him to budget for the uneconomic domestic tariff might affect the future. He did not have to estimate within whole economy of a supply undertaking. fine limits; what was required was a rough guide with some knowledge of the degree Power Load Difficulties of its roughness. But it was very important, The power load presented a more difficult in the first instance, to study system rate of problem. There were at present two views growth which, in Mr. Grimmitt’s opinion, about this country’s post-war position. The had been satisfactory during the last ten completely pessimistic view was that with a years. He would deprecate any move that coal cost at the power station in excess of would seriously retard or accelerate it. To 0-3d. per kWh generated it would be increase the personnel employed by the absolutely impossible to compete with water industry in order to accelerate its growth power in Canada and the United States for abnormally would lead to unemployment the development of basic industries requiring when the work was finished, as had occurred appreciable amounts of electric power. The in New Zealand and to a minor degree here less gloomy view was that if the Government’s after the grid contracts were completed. aim of “ full employment for all ” were achieved, then it would be safe to assume Meeting Re-housing Needs that the power load would increase rather The electricity supply industry could take than decline in this country. re-housing after the war in its stride in the Reports and memoranda prepared to assist same way that it had coped with the growth the Government to make up its mind about of power load during the war. In 1939 there the future of electricity supply conveyed the were a little more than nine million domestic impression that one of the so far ignored consumers, the number of dwellings existing branches which needed most urgent con in Great Britain being about 12^ millions. sideration was rural development. It seemed If it were assumed that 31 million houses that those documents must have been based would be built in twelve years after the war, on pre-1934 information, for they implied then in the same period seven million houses that not much work had been done since that would need to be electrically connected at date, whereas Mr. Grimmitt suggested that the average rate of 580,000 per annum; the electricity was available to the majority of pre-war average was 800,000 yearly. villages of 250 inhabitants (about 65 dwel As a guide to the reorganisation of distri lings). He did not believe it to be reasonable, bution systems in urban areas Mr. Grimmitt or economical, to provide both gas and estimated that in 1965 the energy sold would electricity in every village irrespective of its approximate to 70,000 million kWh, of size. In 1939 electricity was “easily available” which over 35 per cent, would be domestic. to about 70 per cent, of premises in Consumers would number 15£ millions, each rural areas (meaning that they could be given taking from 1,550 to 1,800 kWh, so that with supplies by means of short service con a 25 per cent, load factor their maximum nections) and 65 per cent, of all premises demands would be 0-71 and 0-825 kW were already consumers. Indeed, if there had respectively. Several undertakings were not been a war, complete electrification would already selling more energy per domestic by now have been achieved. 586 Electrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 To provide efficient service, it was essential The Public’s Choice that the rural population should live in villages; there was no point in scattering Prospects for Expansion of Electric Cooking cottages about the countryside, and farm DDRESSING the recently formed Luton cottages should be near farm buildings. A Electrical Society, M r . C. T. M e llin g Between the two wars rural Council houses (borough electrical engineer, Luton), its first chairman, chose as the subject of his address had been built in small blocks, very often “ Electricity in the Post-War Life.” After a too far from villages for electricity to be brief historical survey, indicating the growth of supplied to them economically. The wiring the electricity supply industry, leading up to the installation must be regarded as an integral present position, the speaker discussed future part of the house, not an extra. developments, mainly those relating to the more With agriculture maintained in its present ordinary benefits of electricity. He expressed state of prosperity, there should be much the view that electric cooking offered the largest immediate scope for expansion. A curve was rehabilitation that might quite likely extend exhibited which showed that in the decade before over a long period of time. But there was less the war the number of cookers connected in load per consumer in rural than in urban creased from fewer than 100,000 to more than areas. A good sign was that average revenue 1,600,000, and in 1939 there were indications per farm per year was increasing; the that the time was ripe for more rapid develop increasing cost of labour would encourage m ent yet. mechanisation. Dairy farms afforded the A recent inquiry made of men and women in, the Forces and in industry as to their cooking best load. The large numbers of welding sets preferences showed that 59 and 57 per cent., re now being installed, rated at 10 kW but spectively, favoured electricity; this had received consuming only about 100 kWh yearly, were corroboration from other sources, more espec being treated somewhat warily, by many ially in regard to younger women. In ten years’ supply engineers. Restriction of their use time the vast majority of housewives would not should be discouraged, as should also some of be satisfied with any other method. the onerous switching requirements in respect Mr. Melling would welcome the formation of of small motors. a national fuel policy, provided it maintained a reasonable freedom of choice for the individual Sympathetic Treatment Advocated consumer. This could be met by building houses with a fireplace in only one bedroom, Many poor-load-factor loads in rural areas which would be directly over the living-room were an immense boon to consumers, who fireplace, and relying upon electricity alone for could often afford to pay a fairly high average warming the other bedrooms. Assuming four kWh charge for them; but a high kW charge million houses to be built during the next ten with a high minimum guarantee were years at a cost of between £3,000 million and restrictive and extremely bad propaganda. £4,000 million, the saving so made would amount Broader views needed to be taken of both from £50 million to £100 million. Since most consumers would wish for electricity for lighting, technical and tariff aspects. Mr. Grimmitt wireless sets, vacuum cleaners and irons (used by made a plea for more sympathetic approach 80 per cent, of domestic consumers), electric to problems of this kind, for the advertise service would be required in all post-war houses, ment value of small power loads was much but opportunities for the use of gas should be more important than the revenue they pro available (except in rural areas) in a decreasing duced. It would be most useful if the industry proportion of houses built as time went on. could agree to one method of charging for Saving Coal by Electrification the service. It was doubtful whether minimum guarantees were still essential and the Important economies in the use of coal could be obtained through railway electrification, suggested standardisation of the form of saving approximately 7 million tons per annum, charge for mains and services could also be and through colliery electrification, saving applied to new housing estates, particularly another 6 million—the total being more than in rural areas. Mr. Grimmitt did not think half the tonnage consumed in the generation of that Government financial assistance was electricity in 1943 and equivalent to 7 per cent, necessary to complete rural electrification. of the total used annually in this country. The It was fair and reasonable to ask isolated poorest grades of coal could be burned at farms to contribute towards service costs, but generating stations designed with this in view. A national fuel policy should aim at exporting the assessment should accord with the likely derivatives and not raw coal. It should also revenue. Meanwhile the cheapening of over endeavour to stimulate industrial electrification head-line construction and auxiliary gear as a means of improving the export position continued. Transformers, fuse-gear, etc., generally, the soundest foundation of which represented from 25 to 50 per cent, of the would be a healthy home market for electrical total cost; 150,000 transformers ranging appliances. from 5 to 25 kVA would be needed to give Mr. C. T. Melling, expressed the hopeThat after the war Luton would become the nucleus supplies to all farms. Need all farm services of an expanding electrical manufacturing be three-phase ? Single-phasing would cost industry—not in the heavier types of machinery, from 10 to 15 per cent. less. Although farm but instruments, control gear, domestic revenue was improving it had not increased appliances, etc. He considered that great in proportion to thd growing cost of service. scope for such development existed. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 5 8 7 Tlie Grid and tlie Nation Meeting ; the Demands of War Industries S the main theme of his presidential so that the peak moved from about 5 p.m. to A address to the Association of Super 9 a.m. An appreciable shift of load followed vising Electrical Engineers last Saturday, the evacuation from cities and the provision M r. E. R. W i l k in s o n (Commercial Manager, of military accommodation, including that Central Electricity Board) took the con required by soldiers from other countries. tribution made by the grid towards winning At the same time, the construction of the war. After showing how the present hundreds of new factories, with individual comprehensive national system of inter loads of from 20,000 to 100,000 kW, and the connection and bulk transmission in the change-over of existing works to war pro charge of the C.E.B. arose out of a recognition duction caused an unprecedentedly great and of the inadequacy of the methods prevailing rapid expansion in power demand. during the last war he gave particulars of The new factories were often, in view of the position in 1938, when the last of the war conditions, situated away from normal Regional Schemes, delayed by frequency industrial centres, which the grid made standardisation, came into operation. possible, and this resulted in heavy load During the year immediately preceding the transfers. Moreover, with calls on man outbreak of the present war the electrical power and the need for fuel economy, the output was nine times that of 1914, and last convenience and adaptability of electricity year’s was half as much again as it was in brought about its wider use for such purposes 1939. The grid served 45-2 m illion o f the as communal feeding and saving domestic population of 46 million, covering 67,600 out labour. of the 88,100 sq. miles of Great Britain (the balance being the sparsely inhabited North Production Expedited of Scotland). The Board directed the Practically all factories constructed since operation of 137 selected generating stations the start of the war had obtained their (8,658,000 kW) and 30 non-selected stations electricity from public systems and in no case (395,000 kW). Its transmission system had a supply not been available. As war comprised 4,430 route miles of lines, including factories could be built more quickly than 3,039 miles at 132 kV and 10,971,000 kVA of generating plant, the setting to work of the transformers at 307 points. Capital cost of former had been expedited. Moreover, the construction amounted to £34 million with additional generating plant had been only the another £7 million for other expenses. minimum required by the growth of load, Savings in annual costs through pooling partly because the energy could be trans spare generating plant were estimated at mitted from areas where demands had fallen substantially the same figure as the annual and partly because of pooling of stand-by charges due to the grid itself, so that other capacity on account of grid interconnection. economies and advantages (including the This released corresponding materials and operation of the most economical plant at labour for the production of armaments. the highest practicable load factor, the Unified frequency had enabled electrical availability of supplies at low cost at points equipment for numerous similar factories to remote from generating centres and the be of standard design. standardisation of frequency) were net peace For the past five years most of the stations time benefits. under the Board’s direction had been operated continuously, whereas previously a few most Flexibility in Wartime economical stations had carried the base load, In regard to war conditions, far greater and the grid had been linked up as one flexibility in operation was coupled with a network instead of in seven sections as before. much enhanced security, since an under While some damage had been caused by taking's busbars could be fed at need from enemy action the effect on war production other stations. Reliability had been further had been infinitesimal; in the worst cases, ensured by the expenditure of some £2 supplies had been restored in a day or two. million in providing spare equipment at In conclusion, Mr. Wilkinson discussed the various centres throughout the country. In social problems involved in changing over one instance a new outdoor substation was from war to peace, the adverse effect of rising set to work*^vithin twenty-four hours of the coal prices and decreasing output per man- destruction by enemy action of a generating hour and the dependence of Britain’s in station switch-house. dustrial prosperity on export trade. If A new situation was the radical alteration backward countries became more prosperous in the load curve (exaggerated by continuation the ensuing expansion of world trade of summer time into the winter) due to the would benefit the more advanced countries, loss of outside lighting owing to the black-out, provided their industrial efficiency was raised. 5 8 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 Portable Tools Low Operating Voltages Advocated HE majority of portable g y g 5 B e n n e tt supplying tool-motors at higher T electric tools sold at the a.m.i.e'e., a m 1 M ech e ’ frequencies are star-connected present time are driven by venti on the output side and are lated motors of the universal type for operation fitted with rings. The neutral point of the off 200-250-V single-phase, 50-cycle, or DC output winding should be connected to a supplies. Some are sold equipped with two- fourth ring, which in turn would be con core cables and two-pin plugs. The armatures nected through an earth-leakage trip coil, so of the smaller machines are usually wound that in the event of an earth fault the breaker with 30 SWG wire. Considering the very large controlling the high-frequency output would number of tools in use, it is very desirable to be automatically opened. have a standard frame size for the same range. In order to reduce the risk of accidents due The most important electrical trouble is to electric shock which occur with 200-250-V the ever-present risk of shock due to an AC portable tools and also the present high earth fault in the windings, cable or switch cost of maintenance, it is suggested that in the handle of the tools. Other faults are : manufacturers should give very serious Broken armature leads at the back of the thought to producing 25- or 50-V tools. commutator; flash-over at the commutator due either to open circuit in the armature or accumulation round the brush gear of Reclaiming Cracked Castings abrasive and/or conducting dust drawn into the machine through ventilating ducts; RACKED castings are now being repaired C without risk of heat distortion by an unsuitable location of bearings and tendency electrolytic process developed some two years of outer bearing race to turn in the housing ago, and used so far mainly for the repair of of light alloy metal; inefficient earth on the petrol-engine cylinder block castings, without tool carcase; and wrong connection. complete dismantling, it is stated in the Pro duction and Engineering Bulletin. The block is Necessity for Regular Attention dressed with a portable grinder to expose clean All types of portable tools should receive metal round the crack, and the area wiped with frequent inspection and maintenance and a a rag soaked in a degreasing solvent. A cell approximately 2 in. deep, made from sheet very rigid testing schedule. It is found in prac bitumen, is then built up round the crack, which tice that the majority of machines do not run is plugged with plaster of paris or similar hot and there is every justification for making m aterial. them totally enclosed. The cell is filled with a mixture of sulphur and Whilst it is very convenient to house an nitric acids, in which a lead cathode is immersed, “ on ” and “ off ” switch in the handle of the and the block connected to the positive power tools it might well be omitted since, owing lead. On passing a current through the electro lyte the surface is anodically etched. The to the small space available, reliable switch solution is then removed, the cell being refilled connections cannot be made. In the majority with a nickel plating solution. A nickel elec • of cases a wall switch is sufficient, but where trode is then made the anode, and a current this is not suitable a separate switch-plug unit passed .through the electrolyte for about half an could be introduced adjacent to the work. A hour to deposit a thin coating of nickel on the steel bush in the end brackets would prevent surface of the block. the bearing turning in the housing. At the next stage a deposit of copper, approxi mately 0 005-in. thick, is applied on top of the Small motors working off AC circuits nickel. The nickel plating solution is replaced could be wound for 25 V supplied from by an acid copper solution, and a copper anode 200-250/25-V transformers having shields is used. All anodes are partly encased in a thin between primary and secondary windings. piece of filter paper or muslin. In such a case only should a two-core cable Subsequent stages in the process involve and two-pin plug and socket be used. With removing the copper solution temporarily, larger tools Where the current at 25 V would dusting brass powder on to a fresh filling of plaster placed in the crack (to make it conduct be excessive, 50-V transformer secondaries ing), scouring the plated surface with pumice, could be adopted, with the centre point replacing the copper solution and continuing earthed. Windings for 25 or 50 V would be deposition until approximately 0-1 in. of copper more robust than for the supply voltage. has been deposited. The cell is then removed Wherever possible only 25 or 50 V should be and the copper deposit trimmed. • considered, but when this is impracticable, Cracks varying from hair lines to in. have due principally to current limitations, com been repaired by this process, and it is under stood that no failures have been reported. prehensive earth protection, such as the Further information can be obtained from the Butcher—Black & Decker scheme, can be Secretary, Electrodeposition Technical Advisory used. Committee, c/o S.T A.M., Ministry of Supply, The majority of motor-generators for Room 1043, Shell Mex House, Strand, W.C.2. O ctober 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 539 Rules and Registration Activities of the National Committee AST week members of the National handed over to the I.E.E. which passed it to Committee on Statutory Wiring Regula its Post-War Planning Committee. L tions and Registration met the editors of the A sub-committee of this body subsequently electrical Press for the purpose of putting reported that “ the examination of the before them once again the proposals implicit relevant statistics from the technical point of in the Committee's title. It cannot be said view does not in itself provide evidence of a that anything new turned up but the meeting sufficiently serious nature to justify so drastic certainly gave an opportunity of piecing a measure as that of compulsory registration together what has hitherto been a somewhat of contractors and operatives.” The sub disjointed story which may be worth briefly committee also considered that there was telling. “ insufficient ground for the enactment of The Committee was set up in 1938 upon the compulsory regulations at the present time.” initiative of the Association of Supervising It conceded, however, that its proposed basic Electrical' Engineers and comprised repre safety regulations might possibly form the sentatives of all the principal electrical basis of an agreed compulsory code at some associations with the exception of those of the future date. Safer installation work, it was company-owned electricity supply thought, could be achieved by the undertakings. The B.S.I. and better application of existing* B.E.A.M.A. subsequently with m ethods, e.g., the Commissioners’ drew on the ground that so few of Regulations and voluntary their members were interested in registration. the installation industry. One of In view of this the Institution its first activities was to approach informed the Committee that the Minister of Transport, who although the matter was at an end was then contemplating the intro so far as it was concerned the duction of a Bill for the reorganisa Committee was at liberty to take tion of electricity supply, and to whatever further steps it desired. secure a promise from him that a Accordingly the Committee deter clause would be inserted empower mined to proceed with its campaign ing the Electricity Commissioners and obtain publicity for it and “find to deal with the subjects of com out the attitude of the electrical pulsory registration of contractors industry by referring the matter to and wiring rules. • This was the associations represented on followed by a Statement of Evidence designed the Committee.” Later it is proposed to to show the ill-effects of bad installation make a direct approach to the Ministries of work. Works, Labour, and Fuel and Power and the Although the Committee was concerned Home Office. principally with domestic installations this At last week’s meeting, M r . S. B. Donkin, statement (for scarcity of evidence relating the Chairmaft of the Committee, made a to domestic electrical accidents) was based brief survey of the Committee’s work and largely on industrial experience as evinced in said they did not want to restrict electrical the factory electrical inspectors’ reports. The development but aimed at popularising the statement was sent to all supply undertakings use of electricity by making it absolutely safe. and the engineers were asked for their views on He also referred to the Committee’s advocacy compulsory registration and rules. Of the of a “ clearing house ” for the approval of 56 per cent, who replied 70 per cent, were appliances and materials. said to be in favour while between 40 and 50 M r . W. H. W a l t o n (E.C.A.) said that per cent, of them favoured a compulsory code. although the proposed Distribution Bill had Then came the war and the Committee’s been dropped on account of the war the activities were suspended, but when in 1941 matter would be revived and another oppor post-war planning was in the air there was a tunity would occur for securing an enabling resumption and the Committee drew up a clause dealing with registration and rules. scheme for the examination, licensing and M r . A. B ra m m e r (A.S.E.E.) said that good registering of contractors and operatives and work had been done by the National Register the enforcement of observance of the Elec of Electrical Installation Contractors but tricity Commissioners’ Regulations or other much more could have been done by means of accepted code. The scheme was brought to a compulsory scheme. He said that the the notice of Lord Reith, then Minister of British Standards Institution was another Works, who suggested that the proper body to example of limitation through lack of consider it was the Institution of Electrical compulsory powers. Engineers. Thereupon the scheme was M r . A. V. S e n d e l l (E.P.E.A.) said that the 5 9 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 2 7 , 194 4 contractors themselves demanded com plied with a minimum code of regulations pulsion. The supply authorities wanted safe connection should be refused. installations and could secure these by M r . L. C. P e n w i l l (E.C.A.) said that the employing properly qualified electrical con Committee’s scheme was not unalterable. In tractors. the view of the E.C.A., which was its “father,” M r . M . T. G r e e n w e l l (E.T.U.) affirmed the N.R.E.I.C. had not been an entire his Union’s support of the proposals and said success. The Register had realised this by that from his own experience there were lately deciding in favour of compulsory hundreds of so-called “ electrical con registration. It was not the Committee’s tractors ” who would employ any sort of idea to establish a closed ring but it was only men. Members of the E.T.U. were craftsmen natural that the qualified contractor and who were proud of their work and would operative should resent the intrusion of the welcome licensing. He agreed that all the unqualified. Registration would be open to contractors and electricians now operating anyone with the necessary qualifications would automatically receive licences but they whether a member of an association or not. would fail to secure re-registration if their The future of electricity lay largely in the work was not up to standard. home and this placed a great responsibility on M r . W. E. F ry (E.P.E.A.) was inclined to the industry. Frequent visits of inspectors support the attitude of the I.E.E. and put would not be tolerated and therefore the inspection in the hands of the electricity principal safeguard was the employment of supply authorities. Unless installations com- qualified workers. Forthcom ing* F rents Friday, October 27th.— London.—At Institu Birmingham.—Imperial Hotel, 6 p.m. Illumin tion of Civil Engineers, 3 p.m. Institution of ating Engineering Society (Birmingham Centre). Chemical Industry, Chemical Engineering Debate : “ That the Lighting of Class ‘ A ’ Roads Group. Fifth Hinchley Memorial Lecture : by Stationary Lights is Necessary.” “ Hydro-electric Development in Great Britain Saturday, November 4th. — Manchester. — and its Influence on Chemical and Allied Engineers’ Club, 2.30 p.m. I.E.E. North- Industries,” by Sir Alexander Gibb. Western Centre. “ Remote Switching by London.—Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Superimposed Currents,” by J. L. Carr. 5.30 p.m. Informal discussion on “ The In fluence of Engineering on Social Advancement,” Monday, November 6th.— Birmingham.— At to be introduced by E. Reeve. James Watt Institute, 6 p.m. I.E.E. South Bristol.—Merchant Venturers’ Technical Midland Centre. “ Thermoplastic Cables,” College, 7 p.m. I.E.E. Bristol Students’ Section. by Dr. W. Barron, J. N. Dean and T. R. Scott, “ Electrical Communications,” by J. Morgan, D .F .C . ______Centre chairman. Monday, October 30th.— Birmingham.— At Polythene as Dielectric James Watt Institute, 6 p.m. I.E.E. South PAPER presented by P r o f e s s o r W il l is Midland Centre Radio Group. Discussion on A J a c k s o n and M r . J. S. A. F o r s y t h before “ Industrial Applications of High-frequency the I.E.E. Radio Section on October 25th Power,” to be opened by E. May. discussed the “ Development of Polythene as a Tuesday, October 31st. — Leeds. —- G reat High-Frequency Dielectric.” It was mainly Northern Hotel, 6 p.m. I.E.E. North Midland concerned with the power factor of polythene Centre. “ Transmission and Distribution of (the high polymer of ethylene) which, being Electricity to Mines,” by B. L. Metcalf. normally of the order of 0 00015-0.0003, was Wednesday, November 1st.— London.— In considered to render the material highly suitable stitution of Electrical Engineers, 5.30 p.m. as a high-frequency dielectric. It had been Radio Section. “ Theory and Performance of found, however, that oxidation might occur Corner Reflectors for Aerials,” by Dr. E. B. during the processing of the material in the Moullin, and “ The Measured Performance of manufacture of cables and mouldings, and that Horizontal-Dipole Transmitting Arrays,” by this increased the power factor and might also H. Page. lead to difficulties in extrusion. These effects Liverpool.—Municipal Annexe, Dale Street, could be virtually eliminated, however, by the 6 p.m. Liverpool Engineering Society and I.E.E. use of small amounts of anti-oxidants. Mersey and North Wales Centre. “ Noise in The measurable, albeit low, power factor of Engineering,” by A. J. King. pure polythene was hardly concordant with the supposedly non-polar nature of the substance, Thursday, November 2nd.— London.— In stitu and a number of possible explanations of the tion of Electrical Engineers, 5.30 p.m. “ Electro static Precipitation of Dust from Boiler Plant small basic power factor had been investigated. Flue Gases,” by J. Bruce. Measurements of power factor over wide fre quency and temperature ranges showed that its Friday, November 3rd.— London.—Institution variation for pure polythene was extremely of Mechanical Engineers, 5.30 p.m. “ Stresses sluggish, but that oxidation caused the appear by Analysis and Experiment,” by Prof. A. J. ance of marked peaks ; these observations were Sutton Pippard. exam ined in the light of present theories of Newcasrle-on-Tyne.—Neville Hall, 6.30 p.m. dipole loss. The paper gave a brief account of I.E.E. North-Eastern Students’ Section. the structure of polythene and of its main “ Mutator Practice,” by T. W. Berrie. physical and mechanical properties. October 21, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 591 CORRESPONDENCE •saidUg;, Letters should bear the writers' names and addresses, not necessarily for publication. Responsibility cannot be accepted for correspondents' opinions. RB U d, Freedom of Choice experimental work in a laboratory and do ealiseil occasional gardening heating experiments. )( cm»»', Y IR . MURPHY’S letter in your issue of During the last eleven years the average «&5 October 13th impels me to reply. annual consumption has been 5,925 kWh at Mlillt, I did not realise the drawbacks of gas a cost of £16 6s. 3d., giving an average cost couoq^ cooking until I returned to it recently, after; per kWh of 0- 66d. fifteen years, as the result of enemy action. There is no gas on the premises, we live Udbe^' My experience was this: toast took much normally and like plenty of comfort, and as 1 qiaifcj longer and was spoilt by the drying action of my principal load is cooking and water «iaiioacr. the open flame, grilling was erratic, and to fry heating I consider these figures prove the one either burnt in the centre of the pan or matter on cost alone. had too low a temperature for proper cooking Sutton Coldfield. J. Ashm ore, m .le.e. in the outer parts of the pan. On Sundays, d of UBjt there being no compulsory pressure on the LTHOUGH I do not wish to enter into gas mains, between 11 a.m. and 12.30 the any controversy on the various items pressure dropped to half and cooking under mentioned in the letter from Mr. D. Murphy this condition was very slow. in your issue of October 13th, since the supply I was heartily glad to return to my electric of electricity in Wonersh is afforded by the cooker and can honestly say that if authorities Guildford Corporation undertaking, I feel were wise enough to fit high-speed multi-heat that it is my duty to acquaint your readers Upa Eg plates and thermostatic oven control they MítaaCc with the position in this district. At present Q»‘*’h could excel any gas cooker for any cooking at least 6,000 of our consumers do their ij.” operation at equal cost, not to mention cooking solely by electricity and they have all cleanliness, absence of fumes and life of had electricity installed entirely at their own LLLfe decorations. request, as gas is available throughout the : Ssüdsa • Hastings. E. P. N y e . whole of our area. LCair.' With regard to Mr. Murphy's extravagant Imain- •M2HILE Mr. D. Murphy is in the elec- remarks on the inefficiency and the un i LELSs ■" trical industry and presumably earns desirability of electric cooking, it is at least nr.: Y- his livelihood by it, he is not convinced of the significant that he has in use in his own house udUS* superiority of electricity over other media, an electric cooker, which was installed by the .particularly for domestic use. The matter of Guildford Corporation 5^- years ago, and up to cheapness depends entirely on the quantity of the present no complaint whatever has been electric electricity used by the public, and Mr. Murphy received from him during the whole of that is no doubt aware of the technical reasons for period. Further, I suggest that it cannot be F o u it h K.” this. It is therefore necessary that as many a very expensive proposition to him under the people as possible shall be persuaded to use Guildford domestic all-in tariff. Undoubtedly if PoInheaE electricity. also he had complete “ freedom of choice ” It s j i S B I like a coal fire but could soon become as he selected electric cooking without any tor of pohdE accustomed to an electric fire. Very many persuasion whatever from this undertaking, ei wiiá te people in flats are using them every day. My when he could easily have had gas installed. 01540001.» wife says that the next house we have must It would have been much more appropriate ¡HijiyiaB have electric heating in the kitchen and possibly and in compliance with the fitness of things in : ilk « 33 ffiͧM all over the house, the chief reasons being that general if his letter had been signed by some aaiaUín the storage of fuel, laying fires, clearing away rabidly enthusiastic consumer of gas. From [Idinfi, í® ® ashes and the extra cleaning entailed are done the foregoing it is obvious that Mr. Murphy’s ard flip! »5 away with. remarks are quite inconsistent with his own . Iteeeia In our opinion electrical means are the policy. i o w r i . by s best way of heating water for domestic use. Guildford. W. E. A ffleck, dins. An electric cooker has been used in my Electrical Engineer & Manager. house for twelve years with absolute satisfac o rd in t w - tion. The cooling down period has proved FM^HE remarks of Mr. D. Murphy in your ' the siióitai issue of October 13th may provide a nuil* of« an advantage. I have used both gas and electric cookers and there is no doubt in my little merriment for a number of elec ¡nl«W*j trical people, but what the ladies of the Olí: fÜt mind at all that electric are best. My house has four bedrooms, lounge, E.A.W. will think of your correspondent can W flW dining room, kitchen, etc., and there is a only be conjectured. If Mr. Murphy is in family of four (two away at present). the electrical industry his observations seem rvatiwi!*®. The house is twelve years old and is fully to indicate a lack of knowledge of what the tbtcria ■ equipped with electrical apparatus including public desire. Although I am an electrical ficco ail* engineer I write also as a user of an “ all f its 0 five electric fires. I carry out occasional E f k k. 5 9 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 electric ” home. Needless to state I did not drawn up and rigidly enforced by the supply adopt the all-electric method to increase the undertaking. For instance, the present supply company’s revenue, neither did I do standard plugs and sockets w ould be abolished so for advertisement. Nobody in my home and one standard substituted, i.e. 12 to 15 A, has ever felt the necessity for even one coal preferably metalclad with adequate provision fire and we are of the opinion that coal is for earthing. dirty stuff in any house. The supply undertaking would notify It is, of course, a fact that in certain areas consumers that existing installations must be the cost of electric heating and cooking is brought up to the new standard (fusing, prohibitive, but that does not mean that the cable capacity and outlets) by a specified unfortunate people in those areas prefer coal time governed by the material supply and or gas. A properly designed electric cooker labour situation then existing; new installa does not take a long time to heat up and as tions would naturally be made to conform. the heat retained after switching off can be Instead of the fused plug as suggested used economically, what does it matter how requiring a range of fusing currents but all long the cooling off process takes ? If a the same size, every appliance manufactured census of opinion were taken in Britain from would be required to incorporate a small fuse householders for or against “ all-electric ” I unit consisting of a withdrawable cartridge venture to predict that the majority would fuse, probably of a screw-in nature. be “ for.” If necessary these fuses could be manu Glasgow. A lex. M ilne. factured in a range from 0-5 to 15 A in 0-5-A steps, each a different size or thread to Domestic Plugs and Sockets prevent using an incorrect rating. All appli rM1HE terms of the Edinburgh Electricity ances should be fitted with a standard Department’s circular letter, from which flexible capable of carrying sufficient current Mr. P. d' E. Stowell quotes one paragraph in to rupture the main fuse. your issue of October 20th, have had rather a There then remains the question of existing dubious reception among the architects, appliances. Taking a large proportion of contractors, Scottish Special Housing these as at least five years old with a further Association and Ministry of Works, to all fife expectancy of five to ten years, within a of whom it was recently addressed. It would short time 80 per cent, of the problem will be unfortunate if your readers gained the automatically solve itself by replacements. impression that all—or perhaps any—of The bayonet-cap adaptor should be abolished these bodies have been consulted or are in along with our many existing types of two- agreement with it. way adaptors. The letter is at least enlightening on the The scheme must be simple and universal Department’s favouring of a nebulous in application. As the handyman at home standard plug and socket (of which there is will never be stopped from tampering with no experience in practice) and setting no the installation, it will be safer to remove the limit to their number on the smallest per possible sources of danger by making mitted cables for plug circuits. It strongly available to him only the correct accessories. recommends also, “ that no sockets of any If the supply undertakings used their powers size shall be connected to any final sub-circuit to a much greater extent the proportion to which the fixed lighting installation is of unauthorised extensions would decrease connected ” : this would prevent bedside rapidly. The scheme has to be approached lamps or modem wired furniture being not from the angle of economy, but safety attached to the fighting circuits. from fire and electrocution. Many must question the advisability of Andover. John A. H ill. making floor area a factor in deciding cable or fuse sizes and it is decidedly harsh to insist that all flexibles smaller than 70 0076 Industry’s Contribution to Red Cross must have fused plugs. There are other debatable points in the PPROXIMATELY 10 million employees of 4 60,000 firms and organisations in England official letter, but surely the I.E.E. is the and Wales are members of the Red Cross proper authority to issue recommendations or Penny-a-Week Fund. Of these more than one- suggest “ additional exemptions ” to their third are contributing a minimum of twopence own rules. a week, whilst in many instances workers have Edinburgh. D . Smeaton M unro. voluntarily raised their weekly contribution to as much as sixpence. So marked is the enthusiasm ALTHOUGH the ring main system is for the work which the Red Cross is doing for " undoubtedly attractive for new installa the prisoners of w ar and the sick and wounded tions, what of the many existing installations that in the majority of these 60,000 firms every using a hundred-and-one different types of employee from the general manager downwards is a contributor. Total contributions to the connection ? Fund, which provides one-half of all Red Cross If the problem is to be solved satisfactorily revenue, now amount to an average of £100 000 some drastic regulations will have to be a week. October 27, 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 5 9 3 PRst PERSO N AL and SOC IA L ■ U t o l ! , Keorou,-, News of Men and Women of the Industry MBMHE President of the Board of Trade has papers before the Acoustical Society of » appointed Sir Charles Bruce-Gardner to be America and the American Institute of Electrical his Chief Executive for Industrial Reconversion. Engineers. He was one of the British delegation His duties will cover the planning of the to the International Acoustical Conference, change-over (subject to the prior claims of Paris, in 1937. He has written a large number of the war effort) of British industry from war to papers on electrical, magnetic and acoustical ils a p p i,. peace production. For the past two years subjects and for his work on acoustics the Sir Charles has been a member of the Council of University of Manchester conferred on him the lo 10 Cto&h the Ministry of Aircraft Production and Con honorary degree of M.Sc. in 1940. He was troller of Labour Allocation and Supply in the chairman of the North-Western Centre of the Ministry, as well as chairman of the Production Institution of Electrical Engineers in 1940-1941. ttoanftj Efficiency Board. Mr. F. S. Mitman, C.B.E., has joined-the board «SdSBaij Mr. Cecil Bentham has been released at his own of the Brush Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd. «able q i ^ request from his executive responsibilities as Mr. Mitman, who is a graduate of the Lehigh am ' Deputy Controller General of Machine Tools University, U.S.A. to the Ministry of Supply. He will continue to (degree of Engineer of Mild be Eg; act as honorary adviser to the head of the Mines, 1923), has for ill Ably Department. a number of years been o r this; At the annual meeting of the British associated with the light ing. A l e Standards Institution, a report of which appears alloy industry, serving 1 a s e e on page 602, Lord Woolton, C.H., P.C., was with the Ministry of Air craft Production be lffioeatcse elected president and Sir Percy Ashley, K.B.E., C.B., was elected vice-president. Sir tween 1939 and 1942 successively as Director ¡non of h e William Larke, K.B.E., succeeds Sir Percy Ashley as chairman of the General Council. of Light Alloys and proporoi The meeting terminated with a high tribute to Magnesium (Sheet and l « i t h a f e r the exceptional services rendered by Sir Percy Strip) Control, Co years, «4 Ashley to the Institution and to industry as a ordinator of Aircraft Supplies for Fighter and « p r e f e r whole during his long association with the work of the B.S.I. Naval Aircraft, and Ad itplacEE viser on Light Metals M r. F. S. M itm an Mteabes Mr. B. G. Churcher, M.I.E.E., who for many Fabrication. Since 1942 : types o f* years has been associated with the research he has held the position of chairman and work of the Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical managing director of the Messier Aircraft Equip Co., Ltd., has been appointed manager of the ment, Ltd., with which company he is retaining company’s Research Department. Following his connection. y uan at t e his apprenticeship with the original British ampering r Westinghouse Co. he was in 1915 placed in Though selected by the Stirling Town Council t o w : charge of the insulation test laboratory attached to succeed Mr. W. R. Murray as burgh electrical to the Transformer De engineer, Mr. Norman Hunt, district engineer to ■ by m b the Dumfries County Council Electricity » a r r a n t partment, developing the scope of the laboratory Department, has decided not to accept the 4 theirpcK to cover electro-mag position. be prop®: netic problems of Councillor T. J. Sillitoe, O.B.E., J.P., who has ronld t o interest to the engineer been selected as Mayor of Shoreditch for the beap pro ta ing departments. Later seventh time and for the sixth consecutive year, ny, but b this became the electric has in the past been chairman of the Electricity and magnetic laboratory Committee at Shoreditch for several years, and which, with the chemical is a member of the District Council (No. 10) A, He laboratory, formed the (Greater London Area) for the Electricity two original sections of Supply Industry. the Research Depart Mr. C. B. Kent has resigned his post as sales Red Ci* ment, established in manager with the Aston Chain & Hook Co., 1917. In 1919 Mr. Ltd. For the present Mr. N. I. Bond-Williams, n employes C trcher set up the managing director, is taking charge of the sales in s iiH e p : in rument workshop M r. B. G. C hurcher department. b Rid & foi the construction of Mr. A. C. Swaffield, who recently resigned joiills* experimental apparatus and in 1923 he formed the oscillograph section of the Department_ to from the board of Arrow Electric Switches, Ltd., D Of two?» has joined A.B. Metal Products, Ltd., as sales worked & provide a testing service for the engineering manager. iriboW'i departments. The laboratory for this work was re-built in 1926 and again in 1939. The Mr. C. H. Phillips has just retired, owing to i/so acoustics section was formed by Mr. Churcher ill-health, from the service of the Sun Electrical and the laboratory for this work was built in Co., Ltd. He has been engaged in the electrical industry for over fifty years, having served his I firms & 1928 and extended in 1933. In recent years he doiniw* has been increasingly concerned with the * apprenticeship with one of the earliest electricity oos to ® executive and financial side of the Department s supply companies in the London area, then Redff w ork. , known as the Hampstead Battery Co., which has ,f£10' On several occasions Mr. Churcher has since been superseded by the Hampstead visited the United States where he has read Borough Council Electricity Supply Department. 5 9 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 Later he was employed for about twelve years in and other members of the Chief Electrical the electrical installation department of Maple & Engineer’s Department of the Southern Railway, Co., Ltd. After a short period as engineer to and representatives of the English Electric Co., Miller & Son, Ltd., of Piccadilly, he became Ltd., Taylor Tunnicliff, Ltd., Asea Electric, manager of the electrical plant and contracting Ltd., Bruce Peebles, Ltd., and Pirelli-General department of the Army & Navy Stores, Ltd. Cable Works, Ltd. For the past twenty-six years he has been departmental manager of the Sun Electrical Co., Mr. S. Copléston, chief clerk to the Swansea Ltd., being for some years in charge of installation Corporation Electricity Department, died materials and switchgear, and subsequently the recently. motor and plant section. Mr. Frank Wood, who died on October 19th Mr. E. Hywel Jones has been recommended aged eighty-two, joined the Vaughan Crane Co., by the Swansea Corporation Electricity Com Ltd., Manchester, in 1887 and held the position mittee as deputy chief electrical engineer in of managing director for many years until his succession to Mr. A. C. Thirtle, who recently retirement in 1941. became city electrical engineer of Carlisle. Mr. Hywel Jones, who was very recently appointed as generation engineer at the Tir John power station, Swansea, was previously I.E.E. Students with the Liverpool Corporation for eighteen North-W estern Section Luncheon years, serving in various capacities at the Lister Drive and Clarence Dock power stations. EB1HE North-Western Students’ Section of the He was educated at Liverpool University, and -B- I.E.E. opened the new session (the fortieth) served his apprenticeship in the engine depart on October Nth with a well-attended annual ment of Cammell Laird’s Works, Birkenhead. luncheon followed by the chairman’s address, He is an associate member of the Institutions at the Engineers’ Club, Manchester. of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers. At the luncheon M r . J . B . H i g h a m , B .S c ., the new chairman, proposing a toast to the Institu With the recent retirement, after fifty-two tion, said that there were a number of young years’ service, of Mr. Richard Hayes, foreman members who desired the Institution to be more of general services of the mechanical depart active in national politics. He deplored this and ment, British Insulated Cables, Ltd., a notable hoped that they would refrain from associating record of service comes to an end. Mr. Hayes, their professional name with their political who is seventy-nine, has three sons serving the activities. The next speaker, M r . W . K id d company on the works side and together the (Centre chairman), noted that, although the four members of the Hayes family can claim a number of student members had nearly doubled total of 171 years' service. The three sons in the last few years, the number of graduate and are Messrs. John Hayes, foreman, mechanical associate members remained about the same. department (43 years’ service); Richard Hayes, He confessed ignorance of the reason for this jun., shift engineer, light and power department paradox but urged the younger members to (40 years) and James Hayes, sheet metal worker, work harder in order to qualify for the higher mechanical department (36 years). grades of membership. After seven years as chief of the Post Office Following the luncheon, Mr. Higham gave an telephone engineering department on Tyneside, address entitled “ An Introduction to the High- Mr. F. Hopps has been appointed telephone voltage Cathode-ray Oscillograph.” He talked manager at Plymouth. He entered the National ably on his subject for over an hour, illustrating Telephone Co.’s service in 1906 and continued it with numerous slides and diagrams. A when it was taken over by the Post Office. lengthy discussion followed in which quite a few Before going to Newcastle-on-Tyne he had members showed themselves well acquainted held appointments at Nottingham, Belfast, with recent developments in c.r.o. operation and Coventry and Sheffield. design. Mr. Kidd presided and the paper was admirably reviewed by Dr. Miller. Flying Officer Derek Fortescue Flannery, 22-year old only son of Sir Harold Flannery London “ Brains Trust” and grandson of the late Sir James Fortescue The first meeting of the London Students’ Flannery, consulting engineer and chairman of Section of the I.E.E. for the 1944-45 session was Callender’s Cable & Construction Co., Ltd., is held at the Institution on October 16th, when reported missing from air operations. 250 members and friends attended. Subjects as Southwark Borough Council Electricity De diverse as international standards and trrde, partment is advertising in this issue for an radio-frequency cooking, marine propulsion nd electrical engineer and manager to succeed the generation of bad tempers by electric fi ds Mr. F. S. Naylor, who has been appointed were dealt with by a “ Brains Trust ” comprising borough electrical engineer and manager at Sir N oel Ashbridge, Mr. H. Faulkner, Sir John Gravesend. Kennedy, Dr. Clifford C. Paterson, Mr. A. G. Ramsey and Mr. J. W. J. Townley. The dis cussion was lively and instructive and on the Obituary more controversial subjects such as nationalisa Mr. W. C. Moore, who retired from the position tion proved that there are more than two sides of chief assistant to the chief electrical engineer to a question. Several members of the Trust of the Southern Railway at the end of March were able humorists and kept the meeting from last, died on October 2nd, at the age of sixty- becoming too studious. Without doubt the three. The funeral took place at Findon, near “ Trust ” proved an unqualified success The Worthing, on October 14th, among those next meeting of the Section is on November 7th present being Messrs. J. R. Ward, distribution at 7 p.m. (tea 6.30) when the chairman will eive engineer, A. E. Roberts, rolling stock engineer, his address. 6 October 21, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 595 Electrical Export* in Wartime Figures for 1942 and 1943 W'kETAILED information on Britain's accompanying table shows, those of electrical MW export trade during the years 1942 and goods and machinery suffered a smaller 1943, hitherto withheld for security reasons, reduction (from £21-3 million to £17-6 is contained in a return just published by the million); this is in line with experience Board of Trade (Stationery Office, price Is.). during pre-war depression periods. For comparison, 1938 figures are also given. In considering the values given, account The outbreak of war necessarily caused a must be taken of the rise in prices which considerable dislocation of export trade, and commenced soon after the outbreak of war; low figures were recorded for September and the fall in volume is thus greater than the October, 1939. The export drive, with a values indicate. The average value index for view to increasing our supplies of foreign the last quarter of 1939 was 7 per cent, exchange for the war effort, started in higher than in the first half, and in the next February, 1940. By April and May it was quarter there was a rise of 10 per cent. beginning to have notable effect, but the Thereafter average values rose less rapidly successive German invasions and the entry of and the increase between the last quarters of Italy intd the war resulted in the loss of further 1942 and 1943 was only 4 per cent. markets. In August the severe air raids on For exports of all types the volume figure this country started and had a further for 1943 was under 30 per cent, o f that for adverse influence. Early in 1941 the position 1938. Taking electrical exports only, some began to change radically. The substitution idea of the effect of the rise in average values of Lease-Lend for Cash and Carry greatly may be gained by comparing the details of reduced the need for foreign exchange. At quantities given in respect of certain items about the same time shortages of raw with the values in the table, although it is materials and the increased diversion of necessary to bear in mind that bulk does not man-power to the armed forces and the necessarily bear relation to value. Thus the munition industries began to be reflected in weight of generating plant exported decreased the export figures. The entry of Japan into from 10,292 tons in 1938 to 5,246 tons in the war in December, 1941, coupled with 1942 and 5,286 tons in 1943. German domination of the Balkans, still In the case of motors the corresponding further restricted the trading area. weights were 11,129, 8,010 and 4,812 tons, Between 1938 and 1943 the total value of and for transformers, switchgear and other all exports dropped by more than half (from types of electrical machinery, 23,224, 10,477 £470-8 million to £232-2 million), but, as the and 18,347 tons. In this latter group it will T able I .— E l ec t r ic a l E x po rts by V a lu e Description 1938 1942 1943 £ £ £ Submarine telegraph and telephone cables . . 207,473 122,544 284,668 Telegraph and telephone wires and cables (not submarine) 861,638 977,479 1,198,471 Other rubber-insulated wires and cables 1,410,403 787,273 894,009 Wires and cables, insulation other than rubber 1,839,077 1,463,790 1,297,313 Radio receivers, not radiograms (excluding valves) 441,065 193,455 113,586 Radio transmitters (excluding valves) 339,558 1,250,988 1,060,253 Radio valves 495,270 297,465 678,405 Other radio parts and accessories 519,226 402,929 373,355 Telegraph and telephone apparatus (other than radio) 2,912,595 1,376,871 1,543,813 Electric lamps 593,282 769,858 556,318 Other lighting apparatus 582,783 530,993 343.922 Primary batteries 162,862 142,312 112,495 Accumulators, portable 249,576 263,013 124,857 Ditto stationary | 583,757 | 135,523 179,902 137,401 Ditto parts and accessories . . .. v , • y ' ■ , Electrical cooking and heating apparatus, including industrial . . 367,964 161,289 82,555 189,496 134,796 100,636 House service meters 309,277 Other electrical instruments 305,886 257,205 1,428,688 Unenumerated electrical goods ■ .. 1,385,948 1,483,933 Insulating materials not elsewhere specified 232,122 244,714 176,212 456,853 312,510 340.922 Electric generators up to 200 kW 1,428,953 920,057 1,241,027 Ditto over 200 kW 1,740,540 1,331,039 931,573 Electric motors 1,215,654 1,067,371 Converting machinery and transformers 761,802 41,558 37,367 36,018 Rectifiers for power-house use Starting and controlling gear for motors 610,392 471,599 313,275 2,214,402 1,074,552 1,365,272 S w itchgear 185,960 98,881 1,279,771 Other electrical machinery ...... 21,324,717 16,170,702 17,654,476 596 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 be noted that the weight and value for 1943 (£343,276); Canada, £86,243 (£38,466); are not far short of the 1938 figures ; this was other British countries, £194,929 (£439,306); due to a very large increase in exports of foreign countries, £600,800 (£301,334). unspecified electrical machinery (7,000 tons Shipments of electric motors to most in 1943 as against 148 tons in 1938). countries were much reduced, exceptions Among goods and apparatus, information being British India and New Zealand:— as regards quantity is given in a few cases. South Africa, £229,741 (£353,165); British The number of radio sets exported has fallen India, £275,316 (£215,040); Australia, from 84,639 in 1938 to 25,316 in 1942 £52,966 (£242,336); New Zealand, £108,417 and 10,952 last year, while T a b l e n . — D estinations the numbers of valves shipped were respectively Goods and Apparatus 2,205,914, 596,876 and C o u n try 1938 1942 1943 973,762. Electric lamp ex £ £ £ ports rose in number from E ire 450,746 354,875 188,439 19-7 million in 1938 to Channel Islands 143,582 —— 20-7 million in 1942, P alestin e 100,452 112,192 84,004 British W est Africa 154,374 189,716 210,960 dropping last year to 131 Union of South Africa 1,891,223 1,945,963 2,439,362 million. Shipments of British India 1,475,140 1,231,859 954,311 house service meters were British Malaya 387,361 78,749 — C ey lo n 179,170 82,851 • 82,737 considerably curtailed, Hong Kong 154,485 10,650 — being 165,336, 81,634 and A u s tra lia 2,361,872 2,160,706 2,276,884 58,572 in the three New Zealand 1,150,218 1,020,073 1,221,831 Canada 149,783 371,094 439,675 years. In the case of Other British Countries 679,523 621,454 690,583 accumulators, quantities E g y p t ...... 154,464 216,239 200,163 are given only for the two Brazil 133,476 53,812 56,520 latest years, when the A rg e n tin a 544,642 257,021 56,388 Enemy and Occupied Europe 999,091 -— — numbers exported were Other Foreign Countries 2,320,803 2,455,641 2,177,390 188,062 and 209,844. The table giving destin Total 13,430,405 11,162,895 11,079,247 ations of exports of goods and apparatus shows that consignments to (£72,734); Canada, £5,619 (£70,980); other South Africa substantially increased in value British countries, £79,264 (£249,586); foreign last year as compared with 1938, the total of countries, £180,250 (£536,699). £2,439,362 being ahead of that for Australia, Apart from the machinery included in the which had previously held first place. electrical group, steam and electric winding The chief destinations of two of the more equipment is listed under “ mining.” Exports important classes of goods and apparatus— of this kind were last year only a sixth of the wires and cables and telegraph and telephone value in 1938 (£37,891 against £289,890). apparatus—are given separately. Values for Even more drastically curtailed were exports 1943 and 1938 are as follows:— of vacuum cleaners, with a value last year of Rubber-insulated wires and cables : South £2,433 against £319,941 in 1938. Africa, £211,550 (£218,167); British India, £112,881 (£209,316); Australia, £364,021 (£417,443); New Zealand, £46,224 H.F. Induction Heating (£106,343); other British countries, £86,316 (£253,445); and foreign countries, £73,017 N a paper submitted to the Birmingham (£205,689). I Electric Club on October 23rd Mr. T. G. Electric wires and cables, insulation other Tanner outlined the various stages in the development of high-frequency induction heating. than rubber:—South Africa, £158,223 He gave an explanation of the fundamental (£454,607); British India, £197,399 principles of induction heating, with particular (£369,997; (Australia, £276,486 (£401,733); reference to the significance of skin-effect, other British countries, £326,710 (£384,389); stirring in molten baths, different frequencies foreign countries, £338,495 (£228,351). and other electrical phenomena associated with Telegraph and telephone apparatus other the use of high-frequency energy in the than radio:—South Africa, £302,553 metallurgical industry. After dealing with the various methods of generating high-frequency (£312,911); Australia, £481,776 (£799,907); energy, the application of induction heating to other British countries, £374,131 (£777,320); industrial processes was discussed and illustrated Argentina, £14,563 (£241,410); and other by slides of English and American installations. foreign countries, £370,790 (£781,857). The developments which have taken place In the machinery class, exports of generators during the last few years in the use of high- to foreign countries almost doubled, as is frequency energy for bar and billet heating, localised heating and surface hardening were all shown by the following analysis (1943 values dealt with in turn and the author concluded by with those for 1938 in parentheses):—South expressing Jus firm conviction that the post- Africa, £219,816 (£479,906); British India, wJ?r, w witness a very appreciable growth £210,404 (£283,518); Australia, £269,677 of this newest method of heating metals. October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 597 Experim ental Research Requirements for Obtaining the Best Results rWIHE organisation of experimental during the war, it could help it in peace to research was the subject of the inaugural regain its position as one of the premier address given last Friday by Dr. W. G. exporting countries of the world. R a d l e y (Post Office Research Station) as Since applied research had a more definite chairman of the Measurements Section of the objective than fundamental work, it could be Institution of Electrical Engineers. planned to a much greater extent ; as it Dr. Radley anticipated a considerable post proceeded the following aspects became war increase of research, fundamental as well successively of importance. First, the need as applied. Discoveries during fundamental to survey work already done in the same work might lead to the creation of entirely field, in which connection a comprehensive new industries while those already established library and effective information service were would sometimes become dependent on the essential to any large organisation and should results of fundamental investigations. For be under the control of an officer possessing instance, one of the most obvious needs of the sufficient technical knowledge to enable him electrical industry was for new materials, and to appreciate the significance of his colleagues’ the development of telecommunications had inquiries. persistently demanded fresh insulating sub Second, the need for theoretical study of stances. The materials of the future would the problem to be solved, for correct appear, mostly, as the logical end-products interpretation of previous failures would of experiments carried out to obtain often indicate that the way along which fundamental knowledge of the relationship success was sought was wrong, not that between the atomic and molecular structures success was impossible. Adequate theoretical of substances on the one hand and their study before experimental work was under electrical and mechanical properties on the taken would quite certainly save time and other. money. Third, the preparation of a programme of Getting the Right Atmosphere experiments, planned step by step in an It was almost impossible to plan work of ordered logical way, in consultation with this kind. The most important discoveries members of the team of workers actually were frequently made unexpectedly and some undertaking the investigation. In this respect times while the experimenter was pursuing universities were sometimes at fault because some other line of investigation. Results post-graduate students were not encouraged could be encouraged by introducing the to think out for themselves their programmes research worker to the right atmosphere and of work, which were instead decided by their giving him adequate experimental facilities professors. Ability to decide on a line of for trying out his ideas. Very much was to be attack on a new problem had had to be gained by that association of workers in inculcated into many research workers after different fields which helped the “ cross there introduction to industry. fertilisation ” of ideas; it was one of the Need for Accurate Instruments reasons why fundamental research flourished in universities where engineers, physicists, Fourth, the provision of measuring appara chemists and mathematicians met in com tus of the required degree of accuracy; not mon rooms. The value of such opportunities infrequently investigators had to put aside was emphasised by experience, which had their experiments while they devised means of shown that research in industrial laboratories more accurate observation, or of making directed continuously towards specific measurements not anticipated at the outset. applications would languish unless those The peculiar nature of some of the problems engaged in it also had opportunities of encountered in communication research had dealing with fundamental problems. necessitated new techniques and apparatus. Conversely, many advantages were to be Often there would not have been any pro gained from bringing scientists principally gressive development at all if suitable devices concerned with fundamentals, even of the had not appeared opportunely. Research most abstract kinds, into intimate contact workers were often keen to develop their with the practical needs of industry. Within own measuring equipment ; they should be the P.O. there was an interchange of scientific encouraged to do so for effort spent in this staff between research laboratories and field way, although subsidiary to the main work, work. A further lesson could be learned was seldom without profit. from the formation of operational research Fifth, interpretation of experimental data, groups by certain of the fighting services in which connection statistical tests could be during the present war. In the same way that safely applied. They did not require full applied research has preserved this nation knowledge of the mathematical theory on 5 9 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 which the procedures were based and it was in the factory inspection department and the most important that their practical value more general use of simple statistical tests should be fully realised. Engineering would obviate much unnecessary multiplica problems were essentially of a quantitative tion of measurements. The application of nature, yet statistical theory was often the such methods had imparted much greater only means by which the value of the data meaning to many of the results obtained in could be assessed. Systématisation of data the laboratories of the Post Office research was not less essential in the laboratory than station. Electric Heaters Should They be Portable or Fixed? N his article in the room) and that [the Electrical Review By R. D. Reynolds, A.M.l.E.E. would not give me the of September 8th Mr. same comfort, as it would E. A. Pinto quotes as a North American be some time before I experienced warmth observation the question “ why have portable from it. Alternatively, some built-in tubular fires at all ? ” and adds “ Quite logically it heater or other fixed system of heating might seems, they point out that dwellings which be switched on which would be wholly un are heated by coal or gas fires, as well as necessary, unsatisfactory and uneconomical those blessed with central heating, do not for the requirements of the moment. have portable fires. Must electricity suffer As we are all aware, the need for economy from an inferiority complex ? ” in fuel'will not end with the war; therefore, Excluding all consideration of the question on these grounds alone I should still, under of ring mains versus other wiring systems the conditions described, use a portable which gives rise to Mr. Pinto’s remarks, electric radiator even though there be an there is, as I see it, another side of the picture alternative fixed heating system installed —that one of the supreme advantages of for colder periods and long-hour use. electricity lies in its great flexibility. Need That is only one very small example of this give electricity an inferiority complex ? the advantages which under certain conditions I think it should give it a superiority complex. the portable radiator has over fixed heating Reading almost co-incidently with the systems. But why does this tendency to Review an E.D.A. report of a recent “ Homes extremism so frequently arise when the merits of To-morrow ” exhibition at Leeds, I of different ways of doing things are under was particularly struck by certain observa consideration ? Frequently a combination of tions by Mr. L. H. Keay, city architect and systems provides the best solution. In housing director of Liverpool. Addressing our clim ate the com bination o f a fixed the electricity industry he said . . . it electric heating system with portable electric appears to me that you start with the advan radiators will often provide the ideal in tage of not creating any gases which have to comfort and economy and maybe our ideas be led away to the open air and with a on heating are not always so obsolete as some flexibility governing the position of power may suppose. It would be interesting to and heating points not possessed by your know how many electric heating systems, competitors. . . be they fixed or portable, have originated Unquestionably, other systems must of and been developed in this old country. necessity have fixed heating points, but is that any reason why we should have to follow suit in regard to electricity ? Without doubt Electronic Heating for Food Processing the fixed electric heater is the proper thing HE American journal Food Industries states to use in certain situations and under certain that electronic heating has been used ex conditions, but do not let us go to the extreme T perimentally to finish-dry dehydrated vegetables of thinking that the portable heater should be and powdered milk, melt chocolate slabs, roast entirely superseded by one or other of the cocoa beans and sterilise cereal products. The fixed systems of electric heating. last-mentioned is the most important potential application. Insects or their eggs can be killed In our climate the portable electric radiator by heating the product to 130 or 140 deg. F. as has many advantages. Whilst penning these packages pass on a conveyor which travels notes I am experiencing one of its advantages, between the two electrodes. The cost of dielectric namely, the warmth from a portable 600-W heating is said to be competitive with that of radiator placed close to my writing table other sources of heat in applications for which remote from the fireplace. Dispense with it it is particularly suited. In sterilising operations and what is the alternative ? Presumably to 480 1-lb. packages can be treated at a power cost of 5 cents. The total cost, including the switch on a fixed radiator at the fireplace valves and a 10-year amortisation, is 17 cents position. At least 2 kW would be necessary per hour. Maintenance is low; the power valves instead of the 600 W I am using (alone in last 5,000 and the rectifier valves 10,000 hours. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 5 9 9 (OIOIEIU 1 a n d IVItl SI ICl Girl Apprentices. Portable Switchboards for E.N.S.A. Electric Vehicles for the Seaside published by the Board of Trade on October 14th is 176-2 and is the figure for the month of NEW use for electric vehicles after the war September. Both are unchanged. A is foreseen by Partridge, Wilson & Co., Ltd. In a circular to town clerks of the larger Careers for Girls seaside resorts the company suggests that the vehicles lend themselves admirably for the con The Brush ElectricalJEngineeripg Co., Ltd., veyance of visitors along the promenades, etc. has recently expandedfits apprentice training A drawing is included indicating the general programme to include girl student apprentices design of the vehicle in mind, but an accompanying questionnaire seeks guidance from the munici palities on such matters as maxi mum speed, range per charge, seating capacity and type of body, e.g., completely open touring “ bus” type, with fabric concertina roof, or, as shown in our picture, with a roll canvas roof and open Suggested design of the Wilson electric seaside promenade vehicle sides with a detachable reversible curtain to fit on the windward side and full length steps on both sides of the vehicle. The local authorities are also asked if they would consider free rides as an added attraction to their holiday resort or, of School Certificate standard, who, on com alternatively, whether their regulations would pletion of their training, will be absorbed into the permit the driver, who could be a woman, permanent staff on secretarial, costing and acting also as a conductor to collect fares accountancy or technical work. There has when the vehicle is stationary. always been a considerable shortage of well- trained young women in these categories and Equal Pay although there are many well-paid permanent A Royal Commission on Equal Pay has positions available, suitable candidates for them been set up under the chairmanship of Mr. are relatively few. The Brush scheme provides Justice Asquith. It is to examine the report a three years’ course to - which the girls are on the existing relationship between the indentured and it is believed that this is the first remuneration of men and women in the public time that any comprehensive scheme has been services, industry and other fields of employ instituted by industry with indentures for girls, ment, and the social and financial implications including candidates for secretarial or costing of the claim of equal pay for equal work. and accountancy careers. The company hopes to recruit from girls’ high schools and public Fuel Economy Exhibition schools from all parts of the country. The Electrical Association for Women, in co operation with the British Electrical Develop Plymouth Apprentice Training ment Association, Central London Electricity, In the technical training of apprentices, Ltd., and the St. Marylebone Electricity Depart members of the Plymouth Branch of the Elec ment, was responsible for the electrical side of a trical Contractors’ Association anticipated the domestic fuel economy and efficiency exhibition Government’s post-war proposals by many which the Ministry of Fuel and Power held on years. Some ten years before the war they had Thursday last week at the Royal Institute of a scheme in operation which necessitated Public Health and Hygiene. Demonstrations apprentices attending the City Technical College were given of meter reading, fuse replacement, on two half-days a week, in addition to evening lagging of tanks and pipes, and maintenance and tuition. This year all the members have simple repairs to electrical apparatus. On the adopted period daytime technical training which two preceding days an instructional course was will allow the apprentices to attend College for given to delegates from London sections of an approximate period of one month in four, women’s organisations. their fees and wages being paid by the con tractors. This period training scheme is on Contract Price Adjustment Formulae similar lines to that of Marryatt & Place, Ltd., The following are the latest figures for the who have long proved its success. At an B.E.A.M.A. contract price adjustment for apprentices’ dinner and entertainment held to mula; :—(a) “ Rates of Pay ” : the rate of pay inaugurate the scheme, the guests included for adult male labour at October 14th shall be Messrs. E. S. Leatherby (chairman of the deemed to be 90s. 6d. (b) 1-4 Costs of Material . Education Committee), F. Leatherby (chairman the index figure for intermediate products last of the Electricity Committee), C. J. Hocking 600 Electrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 (deputy city electrical engineer), and A. R. be installed at various angles (according to the Boeree and S. G. Monk (principal of the available space off stage) and, owing to the small Technical College and head of the Electrical amount of room it occupies when folded Department, respectively). The chairman, Mr. (4 ft. 9 in. by 1 ft. 10 in. by 1 ft. 2 in.), is invaluable R. D. Nichols, welcomed the guests on behalf of to units constantly on the move. Plug bases the Branch, and Councillor E. S. Leatherby, enable the various pieces of equipment to be in reply, congratulated the contractors on quickly assembled and to be interchangeable. anticipating and improving on the Government’s The total weight of the unit is less than 2 cwt. scheme. Electrical installation work should be Mr. L. J. Heriry, chief engineer to the E.N.S.A. done thoroughly or left alone ; he could Engineering Department, who is responsible for visualise the time would come when only these designs, has been at Drury Lane Theatre certificated electricians or firms would be for over twenty-five years. allowed to carry out such work. Mr. Boeree having explained the possibilities of the scheme, Turkey’s Increased Trade Mr. J. Penrose, vice-chairman of the Branch, proposed a vote of thanks to the speakers, The Turkish Ministry of Commerce has which was seconded by Mr. F. R. Madge, announced that in view of the increasing volume secretary. Afterwards there was an interesting of trade with the United Kingdom and the film entertainment arranged and operated by the United States, the Turkish trade missions in apprentices. both countries are to be increased. Sukur Beiker, vice-president of the Foreign Trade Switchboards for E.N.S.A. Department, has been appointed trade counsellor to the Turkish Embassy in London.—Reuter. Since the war began over a thousand stage lighting switchboards have been made in the workshops of the Engineering Department of Plugs and Sockets E.N.S.A. at Drury Lane Theatre to meet the In a statement published in our advertisement various needs of the Services. New designs of pages the Standing Committee of the Electrical equipment of all types have been produced Accessories Section of B.E.A.M.A. points out suitable for the wide field of operations and that the only recognised British Standard different climatic conditions to be found in such socket outlets and plugs are those manufactured destinations as the Middle East, North-West in accordance with the various Specifications Africa, India, Italy, Iraq, Burma, etc. compiled and issued from time to time by the Among many interesting designs available, British Standards Institution. The proposed introduction of an entirely new and additional Standard, non-interchangeable with any of the existing B.S.I. Specifications, is now the subject of discussion between the appropriate authorities and the manufacturers, but it is not correct that the industry has prepared a design for a new Standard. The discussions are still continuing and until a decision is reached the only British Standard socket outlets and plugs are those made in conformity with existing British Standard Specifications. Retail Distributors’ Conference The second annual conference of the Council of Retail Distributors takes place at the Caxton Hall, London, S.W.l, on Thursday and Friday, November 23rd and 24th. All retail traders’ organisations interested in the activities of the Council are invited to send delegates. The Council, having as its primary aim the pro tection of the interests of the independent retail trader and shopkeeper, was formed in October, 1943, at a conference of 256 delegates of traders’ organisations from all over Great Britain. Correspondence with Liberated Italy The Board of Trade has made a General Licence (S.R. & O. 1944 No. 1179) authorising business correspondence with liberated Italy. Banks and other financial institutions may now reply to requests for information from their depositors in liberated Italy, and British and Italian firms may exchange business informa Portable folding stage-lighting switchboard tion with a view to the future resumption of developed for E.N .S.A . work business relationships. The resumption of private trade is not yet permissible. The dis the latest portable type unit, the “ P3,” is a 12- patch of powers of attorney and proxies is sub way switchboard with sliding dimmer control on ject to the normal procedure under the Defence all circuits, each way sub-fused and sub-switched. (Finance) Regulations. Correspondence which As it is designed to fold up book fashion it can is sent to Italy cannot be registered or insured. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 60 1 Italian-owned property in the United Kingdom that Thatcher was one of a team testing a new will continue to be under the control of the electric generator at the works when he Trading with the Enemy Department and the received a slight warning shock. The power Custodians of Enemy Property. Arrangements driving the generator was switched off while have been made for the release of British-owned the fault responsible for the shock was sought property in Italy to its original owner or his and an adjustment was made. Thatcher sig authorised agent. nalled a workmate to switch on again, thinking he had diagnosed and remedied the fault cor Monmouthshire Industrial Exhibition rectly, and he received a fatal shock. Mr. F. H. Tapper (in charge of the electrical The Monmouthshire industrial exhibition department at the works) said it was subse which has just closed has proved an outstanding quently found that the fault was not in the success in presenting, in a visual and model form, the potentialities and resources of the district as a site for existing and new indus tries. A display of water heating apparatus by Santon, Ltd., included Santon water - heating display at the Monmouth shire industrial exhibition thermal storage heaters and immersion water heaters for both do mestic and industrial applications, among the latter being the heating of acids, oils and fats. An automatic water boiler was of particular interest to the factory personnel, while the public generator, but in the motor driving it. If had an opportunity of examining a post-war Thatcher had heeded a warning posted up where heater of the under-the-draining board type. Also he was working, not to hold a certain lead while displayed was a comprehensive range of rotary the motor was being started he would not have switches and the Santon “ Multi-plug.” The received the shock. Thatcher knew of this heating display earned the high praise of Lord danger because he had warned other testers Woolton, who officially opened the exhibition. about it. It was, he said, a temporary lapse on the part of an experienced and conscientious Post-war Transport workman. The coroner recorded a verdict of “ accidental After the war an efficient and economical death.” transport system will be more than ever necessary to maintain an adequate export trade. A Equipment for Egypt report prepared by the Joint Committee of the An English company is desirous of getting Association of British Chambers of Commerce into touch with manufacturers of fans and fuse and Federation of British Industries declares units (bases and carriers) who wish to export that Industry is opposed both to nationalisation these to Egypt. We shall be glad to pass on the and to monopoly of transport. Any modification names of any interested readers. of existing legislation to effect closer co ordination of transport should, it is recom Change of Address mended, be secured following a public inquiry into existing transport regulations either by a Hendry Relays, Ltd., have moved their Parliamentary Committee or other appropriate registered office to their works at Oakfield body. After surveying the various forms of Road, Bourne End, Bucks. transport, the report concludes that after the war an independent tribunal on the lines of that Trade Publications established under the Railways Act, 1921, should Johnson & Phillips, Ltd., Charlton, London, be set up, with jurisdiction over all forms of S.E.7.—Illustrated folder (G.5) dealing with transport, and that a panel of expert advisers, the transportable AC arc welding set for a single including traders, should be appointed. operator in small works and semi-skilled users, described in the Electrical Review of June 23rd, Fatality 1944. Works Accident.—An error in diagnosing an Enfield Rolling Mills, Ltd., Brimsdown; electrical fault led to the death on October 13 th Enfield, Middlesex.—Data leaflet on “ ERM ’’ of Charles Thomas Thatcher, aged forty, of high-speed copper, developed during the present Amblecote, Stourbridge, who was killed by a war, which can be machined as fast as free- 3 000-V shock at a works of the British Thomson- cutting brass and with the same tools. Houston Co., Ltd., where he was employed Copies can be obtained from the companies by as a tester. At the inquest it was stated bona fide trade applicants. 602 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 Electricity Supply Questions Birmingham Chief Electrical Engineer’s Views LTHOUGH the electricity supply ing industry, in order to secure progress A industry is doubtless capable of im local initiative must be preserved. Complete provement, the effect of many post-war nationalisation would lead to stereotyped plans, which seem to be based on opinions practice which could not be beneficial to a rather than on knowledge, would be to still adolescent industry. Within the existing erect an imposing edifice in which to im framework of national direction and control prison posterity. This warning was given by there was ample room for reorganisation on M r. F. W. L a w t o n in his chairman’s address an area basis, such as was recommended in to the I.E.E. South Midland Centre on the Weir and McGowan Reports, which October 21st, when he referred to the Weir would secure the measure of freedom and McGowan Reports as providing a firm necessary for continued expansion. and impartial foundation for future develop It could not be assumed that for all time ments. electricity would be produced by present He believed that the administrative separa methods and no scheme for the reorganisation tion of distribution from generation would of the supply industry should be put into not be advisable for a large and complex effect that would in any way stultify funda area which might include a number of power mental investigation or comparative technical stations. Such divided responsibility would progress. Present controversies were in affect not only the fundamental planning of significant in the light of the consideration generating plant and main transmission lines, that without electricity modern civilisation, but also the station loading and system or war, would be impossible. switching, all of which determined the cost of the finished product, which was made up of 34 per cent, generation and 66 per cent, British Standards Institution distribution. Increased Membership and Activities Tariff Forms T the annual general meeting of the Difficulties of unification of tariff forms A British Standards Institution in London had been exaggerated, as an undertaking on October 17th, a statement presented by D r. E. F. A r m s t r o n g , F .R .S., chairman of the could with a little trouble ascertain the finance committee, showed that the income and average cost of supply to different classes of expenditure for the year had increased by 28 per consumer. When established, standard tariff cent, to about £69,000. The sales of copies of forms should be obligatory on the whole British Standards had gone up 39 per cent. The country. Reliability of supply would be Government grant-in-aid was nearly double and regarded by most industrialists as of more was now £12,900. There was an increase of importance than a lower price for electricity. about 15 per cent, in the number of subscribing members, but Dr. Armstrong stressed the need Often, however, comparisons of costs as for greater support from local authorities and between private and public supply were industry. made without due allowance for stand-by S i r P e r c y A s h l e y , chairman of the General with the private plant. Distribution costs Council, paid a tribute to Mr. C. le Maistre, could be reduced by probably one-third if C.B.E., on his retirement after forty years' reliability were ignored. Rural areas varied official connection with the Insitution, and to greatly from compact communities to remote Sir William Reavell, on his retirement from the chairmanship of the Engineering Divisional farms. In the latter case the few kW required Council. might sometimes be provided by water Sir Percy reviewed some of the special work power. A small addition to the rent could done by the Institution during the war years and be made to cover the capital expenditure on concluded by saying that industrial standards— electrical facilities. Alternatively, a special providing for accurate and precise trade descrip local rate could reasonably be imposed, as tions, methods of sampling and testing , and rural rates were generally less than urban, standards of performance—were likely to be increasingly desirable. If they were to meet with though wages tended to rise to the urban general acceptance they must be prepared and level. promulgated by either a Government Depart The present measure of national control ment or an independent body of the nature of exercised by the Electricity Commissioners the British Standards Institution. He had no and the Central Electricity Board had been doubt that British industry would prefer the effectual in co-ordinating the industry without B.S.I. to any form of Government standards destroying individual initiative, which had bureau, although it might be necessary in some cases for the Government to enforce the observ been largely retained by the undertakings in ance of standards, yet broadly progress would power station design and operation as well be most widespread and continuous if the policy as in load distribution and administration. of “ standardisation by consent ” was con Since electricity supply was a rapidly expand sistently pursued. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 6 0 3 Fire-Resisting* Cable “ Pyrotenax ” Mineral Insulated Cable Shows Its Worth M CONVINCING practical demonstra- discoloration caused by water and heat. At Jrm_ tion of the fire-resisting properties of the terminals, the p.v.c. sleeving used for “ Pyrotenax ” mineral insulated cables was insulating the tails of these cables had provided recently by a severe fire which suffered, due to the heat ; also the com occurred in a furniture depository on the pound used for sealing had “ run ” in a North East Coast. The building in which the number of cases, indicating that the termina cables were installed is a five-storey brick and tion would have to be re-made. Apparently, steel structure with reinforced concrete floors, too, most of the switch boxes, switches and and in it were stored furniture and other distribution boards will need to be replaced. Owing to the great heat generated, the supporting girders have been badly distorted with the result that the cables carried across the ceiling to the lighting units on the various floors have suffered a certain amount of mechanical damage and in most cases they have been torn out of their fittings. The general condition of these circuits, however, is good, and from a superficial examination the cable could be re-used as it stands. The remarkable fire-resisting qualities and mechanical strength of the cable thus demon- Vbove: " Pyrotenax ” cable and conduits mtering a switch-unit in burnt-out ware- louse. V .i.r. cable inside the conduit is :ompletely destroyed due to the fierce teat, which is indicated by the charred tim ber door post light : Top of the lift shaft on the roof of :he warehouse, showing more “ Pyro- enax ** and conduit. The lift motor and :ontrol gear are completely burnt out nflammable goods. The cause of he fire is unknown, but it originated n an adjoining single-storey building, which strated are being successfully utilised to a vas wired with conduit and v.i.r. cable, rapidly increasing extent for all kinds of ind it entered the main building through a situations requiring special precautions. In loorway, sweeping through all five storeys most of the latest power stations, as well, jefore being brought under control. “ Pyrotenax ” cable is now to be found In inspecting the premises after the fire, we employed extensively. The fact that the bund that the “ Pyrotenax ” lighting cables manufacturers do not install the cable, but vhich are carried from the ground to the top only give preliminary instructions when loors on the inside of the wall, appeared to requested to do so, indicates that the technique >e undamaged beyond a certain amount of of installing the cable is remarkably simple. 604 , Electrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 The only two tools not found in the normal conductors. Before they are loaded in the kit of an electrician are a small tube cutter tube, the insulating blocks are heated to re- for securing a clean edge when removing the move moisture and other volatile material in electrically heated resistance furnaces, which have been specially designed by the com pany’s en gineers, and are fitted with a Brookhirst contactor and a 186-ft. draw bench used in the factory; the con tinuous annealing fur nace can be seen in the b ackg ro u n d Cambridgeregulator. The insulating blocks are then loaded by hand into the tubes, and are kept in register to receive, while still hot, the copper core rods end portion of the exterior copper sheath, and which have previously been straightened out when a ferrule-type seal is used there is a from the coils in which they arrive at the simple device for excavating magnesium oxide factory. Special precautions are taken at the from the inside of the cable sheath t;o make filling stage to prevent oxidation of the copper room for the ferrule. due to the high temperature of the blocks. Besides being shown the methods adopted for sealing, and the latest types of sealing glands now available, we were also given the opportunity at one of the company’s works not only of seeing how the cables can be em ployed in especially exacting con ditions, but also how manufacturing methods have been improved during the six years or so since production of the cable was commenced on a commercial scale. A considerable amount of new plant designed to secure continuity of production has recently been installed, much of it constructed by the com pany’s own engineers. A standard and practically continuous process has been established for manufacture of all sizes of cable from the smallest made (0-0015 sq. in.) to the largest (0-2 sq. in. single conductor). An important feature of the process is the attention given to ensuring com plete cleanliness of all the component parts, copper tubes, copper rods and insulating material. 'Pfl The insulating material (pure te magnesium oxide) is first pressed in a® cylindrical block form of suitable ad diameter for slipping easily into the oft) copper tubes, which ultimately form the sheath of the cable and pierced Magnesia block heating furnace for removing all traces of moisture. The “ Pyrotenax ” spring leads to the to take the required size and num movable portion of the furnace have been in use for a ber of copper rods which form the nomber of years without attention October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 605 From this stage the whole process of manu stalled by merely slinging them over brackets facture consists of a continuous process of is also to be seen, as well as the way in which, alternate cold drawing and bright annealing. by means of loops, the cable can be employed For the initial drawing, a new continuous in situations where a certain amount of draw-bench has just been put into operation, flexibility is required, as for example, for con which is 186 ft. in length. The final drawing necting the bottom elements of the furnaces is carried out by means of bull blocks ranging from 72 to 48 inches in diameter. A continuous an nealing plant loaded at 105 kW and> providing a constant temperature of 520 deg. C. is em ployed for the primary annealing processes, through which the filled tubes from the draw - bench travel slowly, at a predeter mined speed. The final annealing from the bull blocks is done by means of a standard 440-V, 3-phase, 270- kW resistance bright annealing furnace, large enough in dia 72-in. diam eter bull block for later stages of cable drawing. The machine meter to take the coils is wired with “ Pyrotenax ” including the spring connection to the machine from the bigger bull control buttons mounted on the swivelling die head blocks. This is loaded up with coils of cable during the day, and used for baking the blocks of insulating brought into service during the night off-peak material, and for wiring motors mounted on period. This apparatus, which is gas-filled and slide rails. water sealed, is operated at 520 deg. C. and, like the continuous furnace, was built for the company by the Electric Resistance Furnace Brazilian Post-War Plan Co., Ltd. HE Brazilian Commission for Inter-American After final annealing the ends of the lengths T Development has drawn up an ex of cable are temporarily sealed in preparation tensive programme for the electrification of the country after the war. The most ambitious for testing. “ Megger ” tests are then carried plan at present under consideration is the out followed by pressure testing at 3 kV for utilisation of the water power resources of the one minute, insulation and resistance tests, San Francisco River. Other projects recom micrometer measurements for the outside mended by the Commission aim at the develop diameter of each coil, low voltage (4 V) con ment of the light metal industry in the Pocos tinuity tests, and tests of resistance of the de Caldas area in Minas Gerais. Recent studies have shown that the waters of both the conductors by means of a deflection galvano River Pardo and the River das Antas have large meter. Capacity tests are also taken at possibilities for electric developments which frequent intervals. The coils of cables are could be used in exploiting the bauxite de then measured and tied up for despatch. posits in that region. Thé Commissiort further recommends the carrying out of the following Demonstration of Qualities four schemes: Extension and improvement of In the demonstration and instruction room the Ribeirac das Lages stations in the State of Rio de Janeiro with a view to increasing their adjoining the test department facilities are power generation by about 40,000 kW ; exten provided for showing the remarkable way sion and improvement of the Cubatao station “ Pyrotenax ” cable stands up to mechanical in San Paulo, increasing generation by 55,000 stresses, exceedingly high temperatures, im kW ; construction of a new hydro-electric mersion in oil and sea water for long periods power station housing two 10,000-kW sets in and considerable overloads. Further proof Avanhandava by the Empresas Eletricas Brasi- leiras (State of San Paulo); and utilisation of of this, if proof is needed, is forthcoming in the power of the River Manhacu or the River the factory itself, where some of the cables Jose Pedro (Rio Doce Valley) with a view to are mounted directly on to the furnaces and exploiting the nickel deposits in that area. vibrating machinery and in situations in Meanwhile, work on the development of the which they become coated with oil. The Paulo Alfonso Falls, capacity 400,000 HP, is simple way in which the cables can be in progressing.— Reuter's Trade Service. 606 Electrical R e v i e w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 ELECTRICITY SIPPL 1 Glasgow Power Station Site. Cotton Mill Electrification. Barrow-in-Furness.— E x t e n s i o n s .— The Elec Northern Ireland.— P o s i t i o n o f D e r r y U n d e r tricity Committee has purchased land in Union t a k i n g .—Replying to a question in the Ulster Street at a cost of £1,700 for electricity extensions. Parliament Mr. Brian Maginess, Parliamentary Supplies are to be provided to premises at Goads- Secretary to the Ministry of Commerce, said barrow, Backbarrow, Kirby, and Greenold, the that no representatives of Londonderry had been last necessitating mains extensions and the invited to take part in the recent discussions installation of a voltage regulator at a cost of by the committee which made the recommenda £466. tions for the distribution of electricity in the Billingham-on-Tees. — P o s t -W a r P l a n s . — Province. The position of the Derry under The Orban District Council has approached taking was a special problem which, however, the North-Eastern Electric Supply Co., Ltd., had little influence on the general considerations regarding future electrical developments in the governing the matters dealt with by the com town. The company has asked to what extent mittee. Separate discussions had been held electricity will be used for housing, before with representatives of Londonderry and it was preparing its post-war plans for the area. hoped soon to reach an amicable agreemenL R a t e A i d .—In answer to another question Birkenhead.— L o a n s .—The Electricity Com Mr. Maginess said that the Belfast Corporation mittee has obtained permission to borrow Electricity Department had not made a con £1,500 for substation equipment and is seeking tribution in aid of rates during the last three sanction to borrow £3,000 for mains and years. The last contribution, paid in 1942 services. out of the previous financial year’s revenue, was £11,000. The total amount contributed Brierfield.— L i g h t i n g C h a n g e - o v e r .— The electrical engineer has been authorised to pro since the inauguration of the undertaking ceed with the conversion of additional street nearly 50 years ago was £250,000. lamps from gas to electricity. Portland.— Y e a r ’s S u r p l u s .—In our issue of September 29th we gave the net surplus Glasgow.— P o w e r S t a t i o n S i t e .—The Clyde Navigation Trustees have unanimously agreed on the past year’s working of the U.D.C. not to grant an application by the Corporation Electricity Department as £660 against £1,239 for a site at Shieldhall for an electricity gene for the previous year. These figures should rating station. Another site, however, is offered, be reversed, the profit for 1943-44 being £1,239 and the Trustees request an early decision and that for 1942-43 £660. because of pressing applications for land in Renfrew.—A d v i c e o n L i g h t i n g .— Mr. E . J. the area by industrial companies. Stewart, inspector of lighting, Glasgow, is to Inverness.— C h a r g e s S t i l l a t P r e -W a r advise the Corporation on the equipment for L e v e l .— Referring to the electricity undertaking street and stair lighting and the reorganisation in his budget statement to the Town Council of the lighting department. the treasurer said that it was a matter for Stockton-on-Tees.— E x t e n s i o n s .— The Town gratification that during the whole of the Council is to supply electricity to the works war electricity had not been charged a penny of the Stockton Stone & Concrete Co., Ltd., more. He did not think there were many and plans are to be prepared for the West towns in Scotland that were able to say the Row and Outram Street substation extensions, same. It was very creditable to Mr. Mac- including mains, plant and equipment. The Arthur, the engineer, and his staff. Council's post-war plans for the electricity undertaking are estimated to cost nearly £70,000. Leith.—D o c k M a c h i n e r y .— The Leith Dock Commissioners have drawn up a programme of Warrington.—C h a n g e -O v e r .— The Electricity post-war improvements. The proposals include Committee has obtained consent for the change the provision of electric cranes at various over of supplies of certain consumers from DC quays and jetties, and the gradual substitution to AC. of electric for hydraulic power in the dock machinery, except in the case of coal-loading appliances. TRANSPORT Darlington.— A d d i t i o n a l T r o l l e y - b u s e s .— Lowestoft.— L i g h t i n g L o a d .—The borough The Town Council is to borrow £20,000 for electrical engineer recently informed the Elec the purchase of eight trolley-buses needed under tricity Committee that he had made a request the 1944-45 programme. that the Yarmouth power station should be in operation during the initial stages of the restora Argentina.—U n d e r g r o u n d R a i l w a y E x t e n tion of public lighting. The Yarmouth elec s i o n s .—Proposals for the extension of the trical engineer repfied that the matter came within underground railway services in Buenos Aires the province of the Central Electricity Board are reported to be under consideration by the with which he was in communication on the Buenos Aires Transport Corporation. ITie subject. Review of the River Plate states that the city to Palermo, Chacarita, Primera Junta and Nelson.—P o w e r f o r C o t t o n M i l l s .— The Boeda lines will, if the plan materialises, be Northern Daily Telegraph reports that the carried further westwards, while the Retiro— Electricity Committee is considering the question Constitución line will continue south to of supplying cheap electricity to cotton mills, Avellaneda. A new line connecting all the and the possibility of electric power taking the east-west routes is planned to run from Barrio place of steam for looms. Parque to Puente Uriburu. O c to b e r-27, 1944 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 41 r r t M T R A i list, yiaöä c u i d [mid. tatst, ¡miss &#» S t a a t e * K«Ü S i a t # * Witlj iflXr 'Wk Mponggi Up to 90 H.P., 400/440 VOLTS ¡tie tafe I ił Dt SIR® wie Memh V E R IT Y S L ASTON, BIRMINGHAM 6 Sales Headquarters : BRfc I i ENH AM HOUSE, LANCASTER PLACE, W.C.2 Ik Tm iktjD Co,Ll t tlsfä \x#9°x muń \ > c m i 1k v v \°t e ¡tat» ¿lW_ ¡Etac -thectas t r - i a - M AKE REGULAR USE OF . . . 3), Mi'' «Wiń mEibJ MARTINDALE COMMSTONES u tf * (101.® % Cut copper, brass and steel without O ver 50 sizes in stock, in 3 grades: coarse, ioiH* clogging. Edges of every bar left clean ; medium and fine. 20 different types of I» ® no dragging of copper. Save 75% of time handle. iid«® and cost of turning commutator in lathe. Over 25,000 regular users all over the i»« t Give longer life to motors, etc. world. MARTINDALE ELECTRIC C? V? WESTMORLAND ro a d , LONDON, N.W .9 jOUti > j all ik Rhone : Colindale 8642-3 Crams : Commstones, Hyde, London 4 2 E lectrical Review O ctober 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 THERMOPLASTIC INSULATION (P.V.C.) “ POLYKOL ” Is our regis tered title and trade mark for a plasticised Polyvinyl chloride, which material is recognised by B.S.I. and authorised by Ministry of Supply Cable Planning Organisation. Manufacturers of all classes of conductors with rubber or “ Polykol ” insulation. HI WARD&GOLDSTONE Ltd. Pendleton, M an ch ester. 6 ESTABLISHED 2 7, 1944 O ctober E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 6 0 7 I IW V r iAl SECTIOK Company News. Stock Exchange Activities. sets and valves, etc. Directors : C. E. Parrott, Reports and Dividends 9, Edgeworth Crescent, N.W. 4 ; A. J. May, 44, British \ acuum Cleaner & Engineering Co., Third Avenue, W.3, and E. J. Buck, and Ltd.—In his address at the company’s annual Elizabeth I. W. Parrott. Registered office : 9, meeting, Mr. H. C. Booth (chairman) said that Edgeworth Crescent, N.W.4. as electrical development was essential to the William H. Garson (Southampton), Ltd.—- expansion of their industry, so in no small way Private company. Registered October 11th. the vacuum cleaner assisted in'the development Capital, £3,000. Objects: To acquire the of electricity supply, for it had never been found business of electrical equipment dealer carried possible to clean the home by gas. More than on by W. H. Garson at 9, Carlton Crescent, ever after the war the vacuum cleaner would be Southampton. First directors: W. H. Garson looked upon as an essential feature of the and Amy Garson, both of 48, The Avenue, equipment of a modern home. In industry Southampton. Registered office: 9, Carlton vacuum cleaners helped to protect the health of Green, Southampton. the workers while the company’s suction con veying plant and air filtration units increased fuel efficiency and improved working conditions. Companies’ Returns In reviewing the accounts he stated that since Statements of Capital the date of the balance sheet one of their Lancashire United Transport & Power Co., factories had been seriously damaged by enemy Ltd.—Capital, £600,000 in £1 shares (300,000 action, but as it was not in the occupation of the preference and 300,000 ordinary). Return company production was not affected. dated April 13th. 300,000 preference and Herbert Morris, Ltd., from a profit of £145,683 276,208 ordinary shares taken up. £101,306 (against £125,445) are maintaining the ordinary paid. £474,902 considered as paid. Mortgages dividend at 20 per cent., free of tax, by a final and charges: £232,995. (A further £50,000 payment of 15 per cent. A sum of £40,000 of this stock is deposited with bankers as (against nil) is put to general reserve. Demand security for possible advances.) for the company’s products has been main A. Reyrolle & Co., Ltd.—Capital, £1,250,000 tained and orders in hand remain high. in 115,000 preference, 816,711 ordinary and The Nigerian Electricity Supply Corporation, 318,289 unclassified shares of £1 each. Return Ltd., reports a net profit o f £134,471 (£138,853). dated May 4th. 102,500 preference and 816,711 The final dividend is 5 per cent., again making ordinary shares taken up. £875,500 paid. 8 per cent., but, in addition, a bonus of 2 per £43,711 considered as paid. Mortgages and cent, is being paid. charges: Nil. Return of allotments, made up Richard Johnson, Clapham & Morris, Ltd., to June 30th, 1944, shows a further 11,606 are paying a final dividend of 11J per cent., shares allotted otherwise than for cash. again making 15 per cent, for the year. Profits City of Buenos Ayres Tramways (1904), Ltd.—- have risen from £32,253 to £42,163, the carry Capital stock, £1,240,000. Return dated May forward being £6,895 (£6,088). 25th. All stock taken up. £1,240,000 paid. The Brush Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd., Mortgages and charges: £91,050. has declared an interim dividend of 4 per cent. Receiver Released There was no interim distribution last year, when 9 per cent, was paid for the year. Whitehead Switchgear & Inventions, Ltd.— E. T. Granger, Dowlais Chambers, West Bute The Cables Investment Trust, Ltd., reports an Street, Cardiff, ceased to act as receiver on income of £344,902 for 1943-44 (against October 5th. £326,271 for 1942-43). The ordinary dividend is again 3 per cent. Winding-up Order Ferranti, Ltd., reports a profit of £96,237, as Claybury Electrical Supplies, Ltd.— In the compared with £71,285 in the previous year, Companies Court on October 16th Mr. Justice and is maintaining its dividend at 6 per cent., Cohen had before him a judgment creditor’s tax free. petition for the compulsory winding-up of the Babcock & Wilcox, Ltd., have declared an company. The company did not appear and interim ordinary dividend of 4 per cent., as last his Lordship made an order for its compulsory winding up. year. The Britannia Electric Lamp Works, Ltd., is Liquidations paying a dividend of 7 per cent, in respect of the Mosbrough Electric Supply Co., Ltd.— past year (same). Meeting November 23rd, at Trinity Schoolroom, The Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation, Cadman Street, Mosbrough, to receive an Ltd., is maintaining its interim dividend at account of the winding up by the liquidator, 3 per cent., free of tax. Mr. J. Gadsby. New Companies Bankruptcies Associated Installation Services, Ltd.—Private H. A. Mayhew, electrical contracting engineer, company. Registered October 13th. Capital, 96, London Road, Apsley, Herts., and 30, £2,500. Objects : To carry on the business of Elmer Gardens, Edgware.—Proofs for dividends manufacturers of, and dealers in, electrical and by November 4th to the trustee, Mr. A. H. mechanical apparatus, and accessories, wireless Ward, 42, Tavistock Square, W.C.l. 6 0 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 Siemens, Hopkinsons and Enfield Cables are STOCKS AND SHARES higher. Tube Investments hardened to 96s. T u e s d a y E v e n i n g . Associated Electric and Thom Electrical TOCK Exchange markets are pur- have gone ahead. Mather & Platt at 53s. 3d. suing an uneventful course. Invest put on 9d. and, in the heavy industries, ment seems to be emulating Mr. Micawber Babcock & Wilcox at 50s. 6d. are Is. to the in waiting for something to turn up, with good. Automatic Telephones at 63s., and out knowing in which direction to look Telephone Rentals and Telephone Manu for fresh news. Prices remain firm on the facturing both at 12s., have shared in the whole, but absence of business tends to have market's upward tendency. On the other a slightly depressing effect on prices. The side of the account, Chloride Electrical Home railway market finds that-money is Storage at 85s. are half-a-crown down, and going into the junior stocks on account of Ever Ready at 40s. 6d. are 6d. easier. the high returns which these offer by com parison with shares of industrial companies. Radio Shares Ordinary shares of front-rank industrial Electric & Musical Industries are quoted undertakings remain in steady demand. In ex dividend and the market has settled down more speculative sections, radio shares to quieter conditions. The daily turnover continue moderately active. of shares is still on a fairly large scale (unlike the New York Stock Exchange, the Stock Electricity Supply Exchange in London has no machinery for Electricity supply ordinary shares are recording the actual number of shares in any rather easier where any change has occurred. individual company that changes hands day South Londons hardened to 29s. 6d., but by day). E. K. Cole at 33s. 6d. are 6 D iv id en d M iddle Dividend Middle P rice R ise Y ield P rice R ise C om pany Y ield P re O ct. or p.c. Company Pre O ct. or p.c. vious L a st 24 F all vious L a st 24 F all Home Electricity Ordinary Equipment and Manufacturing Bournemouth and £ s. d. £ s. d. Boole 12 * 12 * 63/6 - 1 /- 3 18 9 Aron Elec. Ord. * 10 15 61/— 4 18 4 British Power and Assoc. Brit. Eng. 6 7 57/6 2 8 9 L ight 7 7 33/6 4 3 7 Assoc. Elec. : City of London .. 7 5* 3 0 /- 3 13 4 O rd ...... 10 10 5 2 /- + 6d. 3 17 0 Clyde Valley 8 8 4 2 /- 3 16 0 P ref. . . 8 8 39/6 + 6d. 4 1 0 County of London 8 8 4 4 /- —6d. 3 12 9 Automatic Tel.&El. 12* l ? ł 63/— + 2/- 3 19 4 Edm undsons 6 6 3 1 /- 3 17 5 B abcock & W ilcox 11 1 1 50/6 + 1 /- 4 7 2 Elec. Dis. Y orkshire 9 9 45/6 3 19 6 British Aluminium 10 10 47/— 4 5 1 Elec. Fin. and Se British Insul. Ord. 20 20 5 * + -¿r 3 13 0 curities 12 * 13* 6 0 /- 4 10 0 British Thermostat Elec. Supply Cor (5/-) .. ..18* 18* 20/ - 4 12 6 po ratio n 10 10 48/6 4 2 4 British Vac. Cleaner Lancs. Light and (5 /-) . . ..30 30 29/— 5 3 5 Pow er 7* 7* 3 7 /- 4 1 1 Brush Ord. (5/-) 8 9 10/9 4 3 9 Llanelly Elec. .. 6 6 26/6 4 10 7 Burco (5/-) .. 15 17* 1 7 /- 5 3 0 Lond. Assoc. Electric 3 4 2 6 /- 3 1 6 Callender’s .. 15 20 5 A x d + 1 /9 3 15 6 London Electric.. 6 6 30/6 3 18 8 ChlorideElec.Storage 15 15 85/— 3 10 7 M etropolitan E .S. 8 8 43/6 — 6d. 3 13 9 Christy Bros. .. 124 17* 7 5 /- 4 13 4 Midland Counties 8 8 41/6 3 17 0 Cole, E. K. (5/-).. 10” 15 33/6 + 6d. 2 4 10 Mid. Elec. Power 9 9 4 4 /- — 6d. 4 1 10 Consolidated Signal 24 27* 6f 4 3 6 Newcastle Elec. 7 7 31/6 4 9 0 Cossor, A. C. (5/-) 7** 10 * 25/6 1 19 4 North Eastern Elec. 7 7 35/— 4 0 0 Crabtree (10/-) .. 17* 17* 4 1 /- 4 5 4 Northampton .. 10 10 5 0 /- 4 0 0 Crompton Parkinson Northmet Power 7 7 43/6 3 4 4 Ord. (5/-) .. 20 22* 3 2 /- 3 7 3 Richmond Elec. 6 6 2 6 /- 4 12 4 De La Rue .. 35 40 9* “P tV 4 2 0 Scottish Power .. 8 8 40/6 3 19 0 E.M.I. (10/-) .. 6 8 3 5 /-x d — 6d. 2 5 9 Southern Areas 5 5 23/— 4 7 0 Elec. Construction 10 12 * 5 7 /- 4 7 9 South London .. 7 7 29/6 + 6d. 4 15 0 Enfield Cable Ord. 12* 12 * 6 2 /- + 1 /- 4 0 8 West D evon 5 5 23/6 4 5 1 English Electric 10 10 50/6 3 19 0 West Glos. 4* 3* 25/— 2 16 0 Ensign Lamps (5/-) 25 15 21/3 3 10 8 Yorkshire Elec... 8 8 4 3 /- 3 14 5 Ericsson Tel. (5/-) 22* 20* 5 0 /-x d — & 2 0 0 PllKlir Rnarric Ever Ready (5/-) 40 40 40/6 — 6d. 4 18 9 Central Electricity Falk Stadelmann 7* 7* 34/6 4 7 0 Ferranti Pref. .. 7 7 1955-75 5 5 114* 4 7 4 31/3 4 9 7 G .E .C . : 1951-73 4* 4* 107 4 4 1 P re f...... 6* 64 32/9 3 19 4 1963-93 3* 3* 104* 3 7 0 O rd ...... 17* 93/3 3 15 1 1974-94 3* 3* 100 3 5 0 17* General Cable (5/-) 15 15 1 5 /- 5 London Elec. Trans. 2* 2* 98* 2 10 9 0 0 London & Home Greenwood&Batley 15 15 45/— 6 13 4 HallTelephone(10/-)12* 12 * 4 0 8 C ounties 1955-75 U 4* 112 4 0 4 3 1 /- Lond.Pass.Trans.Bd. Henley’s (5/-) .. 20 20 26/6 + 1 /- 3 15 6 4*% Pref. .. 4* 2 4 /- 3 15 A 4* 4* 120* 3 14 8 4* 0 B 5 5 1 2 1 * 4 2 4 Hopkinsons .. 15 17* 69/9 + 6d. 5 0 6 India Rubber Pref. 5* 5* 23/— 4 15 9 C 3 3* 68 4 15 7 WestMidlandsJ.E. A. Intl. Combustion 30 30 6t 4 10 8 Johnson & Phillips 15 1948-68 5 5 106* 4 14 0 15 74/6 + 6d. 4 0 6 Lancashire Dynamo22* 22* 98/9 + 2/3 4 1 1 0 Overseas Electricity Companies Laurence, Scott(5/-)12* 124 1 3 /- 4 16 2 Atlas Elec. N il N il 7/3 — London Elec. Wire 7* 7* 37/6 4 0 0 Calcutta Elec. .. 6* 6* 4 7 /- 2 1 1 1 Mather & Platt.. >10 10 53/3 + 9d. 3 15 2 Cawnpore Elec. 10 7 39/9 + 6d. 3 10 4 Metal Industries (B) 8 8* 50/6 3 7 6 East African Power 7 7 34/6 4 1 4 Met.Elec.CablePref. 5* • 5* 21/3 5 3 6 Jerusalem Elec... 7 5 29/— 3 9 0 M id. E lec. Mfg. 25 25 7* 3 10 3 Kalgoorlie (10 /- ) 5 5 11/6 4 7 0 Murex .. .. 20 20 95/— 4 4 4 Madras Elec. N il 4 29/6 2 14 4 N ew m an In d . (2 /-) 20 20 6/- 6 13 4 Philco (2/-) .. — Montreal Power 1 * 1 * 22* - 1 — — 1 3 /- — Nigerian Elec. .. 8 10 33/6 5 19 5 Power Securities 6 6 29/— 4 2 9 PalestineElec.“A” 5* 5* 39/— - 1 /- 2 1 1 3 Pye Deferred (5/-) 25 25 33/9 3 14 5 Perak Hydro-elec. 6 7 1 3 /- — 6d. — Rapsome & Maries 20 20 86/3 4 12 10 Tokyo Elec. 6% 6 6 27 + 1 — Revo (10/-) .. 17* 17* 4 0 /- 4 7 6 VictoriaFallsPower 15 15 4* 3 10 7 Reyrolle .. 12* 12 * 6 7 /6 x rts .. 3 14 5 Whitehalllnv.Pref. — 6 25/6 4 14 0 (Continued on next page) * Dividends are paid free of Income Tax. 6 1 0 E l e c t r i c a l k e v i e w L/L lUUC-l Dividend Middle D iv id en d M iddle , B ise A P rice R ise n e ic i Company Pre Oct. or p.c. Company P re O ct, or p.c. vious L a st 24 FaU vious L a st 24 E’all Equipment and Manufacturing ( Continued) £ s. d. £ s. d. 4 14 Siemens Ord. .. n 35/6 + 6d. 4 4 6 Cape Elec. Trams 5 6 25/6 1 4 Strand Elec. (5/-) 10 12 1 10/9 5 16 3 Lancs. Transport 10 10 45/6 t 8 0 Switchgear & Cow Southern B-ly. : 5 ans (5/-) .. 20 20 18/6 5 8 1 5% Prefd. .. 5 5 75£ + h 6 12 4 7 0 T.O.C. (10/-) .. 5 n 22/6 3 6 8 5% P ref. 5 5 115£ + 1 T.C. & M. .. 10 10 5 6 /- , 3 1 1 6 T . T illing 10 10 6 0 /- 3 6 8 4 TelephoneMfg.(5/-) 9 9 12 /- + 6d. 3 15 0 West Riding 10 10 46/— 7 0 Thorn Elec. (5/—) 20 20 26/— 3 17 0 + 1 /- Telegraph and Telephone Tube Investments 20 20 9 6 /- + 6d. 4 3 4 Vactric (5/-) .. Nil 22J 16/6 6 16 3 Anglo-Am. Tel. : 6 123 4 17 7 Veritys (5/-) .. U 81- 4 13 9 P ref. 6 n 30 o o Walsall Conduits(4/-)55 56 5 0 /- 4 8 0 D ef. n i j 8 2 8 /- - 5 14 4 Ward & Goldstone Anglo-Portuguese 8 (5 /-) . . ..20 20 3 0 /- 3 6 8 Cable & Wireless : l H i x d 4 16 1 WestinghouseBrake 12£ 14 7 5 /- 3 14 8 5£% Pref. .. 5* 51 + 1 uru. .. .. A 81 4 18 9 West, Allen (5/-) 7 \ n 7/6 5 0 0 CanadianMarconiSl Nil 4cts. 9 / - Traction and Transport Globe Tel. & Tel. : Anglo-Arg. Trans. : O rd ...... 8i* 5* 39/— 2 1 1 4 First Pref. (£5) Nil N il 2/6 — P ref. 6 6 30/6 3 18 8 4% Inc. .. Nil N il n — Great Northern Tel. Brit. Elec. Traction : (£10 ) N il N il 29 - 1 — Def. Ord. .. 45 45 1195 3 15 4 Inter. Tel. & Tel. N il N il 21 - i — Pref. Ord. .. 8 8 180 4 9 0 Marconi-Marine.. n n 36/— 4 3 4 Bristol Trams .. 10 10 5 7 /- 3 10 2 Oriental Tel. Ord. 16 10 49/6 — 6d. — Brazil Traction.. If 2 2 7 i 7 8 7 Telephone Props. N il 6 21/3 5 13 0 Calcutta Trams 6£ u 67/6 + 2/- 2 4 6 Tele. Rentals (5/-) 10 10 1 2 /- + 3d. 4 3 4 # Dividends are paid free of Income Tax. Stocks and Shares {Continuedfrom page 608) until the transfer into his name is actually delivered. This mode of dealing can scarcely o f \ 1 \ per cent, is again declared, bringing be described as satisfactory. Often it leads the total for the year up to 30 per cent. At to impatience and misunderstanding, but the present price of 29s. the yield comes to where a dealer in the market has not got, £5 3s. 5d. per cent. The ordinary shares are and does not know where to obtain, the shares of 5s. each. There is also an issue of 5^ per which a buyer particularly wishes to acquire, cent, redeemable preference of £1 each, the and for the delivery of which he, the buyer, price of which stands about 23s. is prepared to wait, a bargain can be done on Reyrolle this basis. The price of Reyrolle is now quoted ex the Price-list Alterations rights to the new shares, valued at 2s. 6d. It may be noticed this week that various per old share. The new were issued at 60s. alterations have been made in the catalogues in the proportion of one new share for each of stocks and shares quoted in the weekly complete multiple of £4 7s. 6d. of ordinary price lists. Times change, and investments stock held. The new shares are quoted at with them. Securities which attract con 7s.-8s. premium, making the price practically siderable public attention for ten or twenty the same as that of the senior issue. years may, and occasionally do, fall out of what may be called the active list. Little “ Not to Press ” business passes in the securities, and although The Stock Exchange method of dealing “ not the quotations remain in the Stock Exchange to press ” is by no means confined to shares official lists, they become more or less in electricity supply companies. It is applied nominal. In the meantime, other issues come to a good many transactions in shares where to the front, achieving a greater popularity the market is a limited one. The term “ not for various reasons, such as increase of to press ” is treated elastically. Shares may dividend or developments in the particular not come to market for literally months after branch of industry. For such reasons the a bargain in them has been booked. The shares attract a greater amount of public buyer is fully protected, of course, during the attention than the securities of the class period of waiting, so far as dividends and referred to. In the effort to increase the other rights are concerned. The fact of his service afforded by quotation of stocks and not being on the register of the company in shares, certain additions have been made no way affects his ownership of shares which to this week’s lists, and a few of the he has bought. Nor need he pay for them seldom-negotiated securities are taken out. xsLiuoer ¿1, 1944 Electrical Review 611 NEW PATEXTN Electrical Specifications Recently Published The numbers under which the specifications will be Gilliver.—“ Joining of wires, particularly fine printed and abridged are given in parentheses. wires used in the manufacture of electrical Copies of any specification (1 -S', each) may be coils.” 5099. March 30th, 1943. Addition to obtained from the Patent Office, 25, Southampton 558472. (564617.) Buildings, Lon don, W.C.2. Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and UTOMATIC Telephone & Electric Co., W. E. Laycock.—-“ Manufacture of metal dust.” 4 Ltd., J. Bylewski and A. Davison.—“ Mag 5296. April 2nd, 1943. (564651.) netic dust cores.” 5206. April 1st, 1943. A. V. Tomlinson (Union Switch & Signal Co.). (564621.) —“ Electromagnetic relays.” 14613. October British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd.—“ Pro 19th, 1942. (564545.) duction of transient electric arcs.” 2457/42. February 26th, 1941. Addition to 538154. T. G. L. Tustin and B. C. Williams.—“ Cigar (564569.) ette and/or pipe lighter for use on motor “ Resinous condensation products.” 15822 42. vehicles, or for use where a high-tension electric November 19th, 1941. (564576.) “ Dish current is available.” Cognate applications washing apparatus.” 14168 43. September 1935/43 and 5129/43. February 5th, 1943. 1st, 1942. (564694.) (564554.) British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd. (General A. E. Watkins.—“ Electric or gas heaters for Electric Co.).—“ Snap-action devices particu water or other liquids.” 3435. March 2nd, larly suitable for electric switches.” 13135. 1943. (564644.) August 13th, 1943. (564681.) Westinghouse Electric International Co".— Creed & Co., Ltd.—“ Electrosensitive record “ Alternating-current measuring instruments.” ing blank.” 12573 43. August 4th, 1942. 13150/42. September 26th, 1941. (564544.) (564676.) “ Bearings.” 8395/43. May 28th, 1942. Dubilier Condenser Co. (1925), Ltd. (W. (564662.) “ Electrical insulators.” 9176/43. Dubilier).—“ Electrical condensers.” 7306. July 25th, 1942. (564669.) May 8th, 1943. (564661.) English Electric Co., Ltd., and W. E. M. Ayres.—“ Electromagnetic slip couplings, brakes and dynamometers.” Cognate applications 21115 43, 11059 43 and 20923 43. December TRADE MARK 18th, 1942. Divided out of 564635. (564665.) English Electric Co., Ltd., H. S. Carnegie, APPLICATIONS R. J. Welsh and E. K. Wood.—“ Ship propulsion HE following applications have been made power plant.” Cognate applications 1360/43 T for trade marks. Objections may be and 4134 43. January 27th, 1943. (564639.) entered within a month from the dates stated: — Ditto 1361. (564640.) R. S. Foster.—“ Mercury switches for elec October 11th trical circuits.” 18539/42. December 9th, 1943. (564604.) P r o m o n t o r y . N o . 6 2 4 ,7 1 8 , Class 1. Pre Igranic Electric Co., Ltd. (Cutler-Hammer, parations (other than metals) for soldering or Inc.).—“ Electric circuit control and protection welding. Also No. 6 2 4 ,7 2 0 , Class 9. Electrical arrangements.” 13920. August 26th, 1943. welding apparatus.—Thos. P. Headland, Ltd., (564687.) 1 6 4 -1 6 8 , Westminster Bridge Road, London, G. Liebmann and Cathodeon, Ltd.—“Cathode- S.E .l. ray tubes.” 15392. November 2nd, 1942. W e s t e r n E l e c t r i c (Design). No. 6 2 6 ,2 5 4 , (564546.) “ Electronic valves.” 15191. October Class 10. Electrical instruments and apparatus 29th, 1942. (564601.) for aiding the deaf.—Western Electric Co. Inc., Londex, Ltd., and W. S. F. Brown.—“ Device New York. Address for service : c/o F. C. for operating sequences of electric current Tomlins, 5, Momington Road, Woodford impulses.” 5843. April 12th, 1943. (564654.) Green, Essex. Okonite-Caliender Cable Co., Inc.—” Electric M a g n o d ic . N o . 6 2 9 ,7 2 9 , Class 11. Parts power cable systems.” 12999/43. October (not included in other classes) of installations for 24th, 1942. (564680.) lighting, heating, steam generating, cooking, Philips Lamps, Ltd., and W. A. Stickley.— refrigerating, drying, ventilating, etc., all made ” Thermal electric switches.” 16446. December principally of common metal or of alloys of 20th, 1942. (564579.) common metal.—High Duty Alloys, Ltd., 89 Spencer (Melksham), Ltd., and B. D. Milne.— Buckingham Avenue, Trading Estate, Slough. “ Power - transmission mechanism.” 3898. March 10th, 1943. (564648.) October 18th Sperry Gyroscope Co., Inc.—“ Directional I s s u l . N o. 630,278, Class 11. Installations radio receiving systems.” 9260,42. July 3rd, for heating, cooking and refrigerating.— A.V.E. 1941. (564572.) Co., Ltd., 1343, London Road, Norbury, Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd.—“ In S.W.16. sulated electric conductors.” Cognate applica tions 13798 43 and 13799 43. August 28th, C h a r g o l y t e . N o . 6 3 0 ,4 2 2 , Class 11. Port 1942. (564685.) “ Cord connectors for tele able electric lamps.—Eric Lewis Eastell and phone instruments.” 13994 4 3 . December Margery May Eastell, trading as Easco Elec 11th, 1942. Addition to 560586. (564690.) trical Service, 6 & 8, Brighton Terrace, London. Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and G. S.W.9. 6 1 2 E l e c t r i c a l k e v i e w L/l I UUC.I CONTRACT INFORMATION Accepted Tenders and Prospective Electrical Work Eccles.—Works canteen, Monton Cotton Contracts Open Mill; Architect’s Department, Hopwood Hall, Where “ Contracts Open ” are advertised in our Hopwood, Middleton. “ Official Notices ” section the date of the issue Gillingham.—Nursery school, Seaview Estate; is given in parentheses. borough surveyor, Municipal Buildings, Gilling Australia.—Western Australian Government ham, Kent. Electricity Supply, Perth. Boilers, pulverised Hull. — Community centre, Greenwood coal equipment, economisers, feed pumps, air Avenue (£6,000); city engineer. heaters, mechanical draught plant, pipework, Jarrow.—Conversion of Theatre Royal into buildings, etc. ; two 25,000-kW turbo-alter a cinema (£2,500); T. A. Page, Son & Bradbury, nators and condensing plant, etc. ; and one King Street, South Shields. 25,000-kW frequency changer. (See this issue.) Kilmarnock.—Pathological and biochemical Manchester.—November 8th. Electricity laboratory at Infirmary (£1,850) ; medical Committee. Street lanterns. (See this issue.) superintendent. Lancashire.—Junior Qouncil School, Aintree; Orders Placed A. T. Nicholson, county architect, Preston. Liverpool.—Second operating theatre suite, Ashton-under-Lyne. — Electricity Committee. Walton Hospital (£2,500); L. H. Keay, city Accepted. Cables.—British Insulated Cables. architect, Blackburn Chambers, Dale Street. Australia.— N e w S o u t h W a l e s .— Sydney Luton.—Public libraries (£13,000); F. Oliver, County Council. 11-kV cables, Spec. 712 borough engineer, Town Hall. (£3,198).—Johnson & Phillips. Current- limiting reactors for Bunnerong, Spec. 697 (£2,725).— Manchester.—Works extensions, Ashburton Australian General Electric. 11-kV and 440-V Road; F. E. Gill & Son, builders, Trafibrd switchgear for graving dock, Specs. 698-9 Park. (£45,914).—Westinghouse Rosebery. Midlothian.— High School, Dalkeith; architect, Con^ptt.— Urban District Council. Accepted. Midlothian County Council Offices, Edinburgh. Traffic lights, Leadgate cross-roads.—Siemens Newcastle-on-Tyne.—Reconstruction and re & General Electric Railway Signal Co. pairing of Muscott Grove School; F. Harvey, Durham. — County Education Committee. Education Offices, Northumberland Road. Accepted. Electrical installation, Tow Law Rochdale.—Works canteen, Arkwright Cotton Dan’s Castle Council School (£95).—J. Warren. M ills; J. Hartley, builder, Cobden Street, Glasgow.— Municipal Transport Committee. Chadderton, Oldham. Accepted. Supply of armature coils.—Oldfield Additions, Tenterhouse Bleach Mills, Hamer; Engineering Co. J. Smith (Norden), Ltd., builders, Norden Saw Mills. Montrose.—Governors. Accepted. Electric lighting installation in Dorward House.—R. Romford.— Additional ward at the Victoria Kilpatrick & Co., Dundee. Hospital (£4,000); clerk to the Hospital Board. Newport (I. O. W.).—Water Committee. South Molton.—Erection of senior school; Accepted. Electric pumps (£342).— Mather & borough surveyor, South Molton. Platt. Electric motor (£180).—Geo. Cohen & South Shields. — Central feeding centre; Sons. borough engineer, Town Hall. Swansea.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. Stirlingshire.— Agricultural workers’ houses Vacuum cleaning plant for Tir John power for County Council (with electrical installations); station (£8,955).—Sturtevant Engineering Co. county architect, Education Offices, Spittal Warrington.—Gas Committee. Accepted. Street, Stirling. Renewal of electrical plant at carbonising plant, Stockport.—Offices, etc., Waterloo Works; Longford gasworks (£1,284).—W. A. Boulting. H. Bardsley & Son, Ltd., builders, Booth West Hartlepool.—Corporation. Accepted. Street. 500-kVA transformer for the Powlett Road Extensions to kitchen at Stepping Hill factory site.—Bryce. Switchgear.—A. Reyrolle Hospital, Great Moor (£10,000); W. L. Gardner, & Co. borough engineer, Town Hall. Stourbridge. — Extensions to Isolation Hospital, Hayley Green for North Worcester Contracts in Prospect shire Joint Hospital Board; H. E. Folkes, Particulars of new works and building schemes for architect, 34, Hagley Road, Stourbridge. the use of electrical installation contractors and Syston.— Church; vicar, St. Aidan’s Parish traders. Publication in this section is no guarantee Church, Wanlip Road, Syston, Leicestershire. that electrical work is definitely included. Alleged inaccuracies should be reported to the Editors. Warrington.— Maternity home with laundry (£52,000); J. Y. Hughes, borough surveyor, Corby.—Proposed civic centre; U.D.C. sur Municipal Buildings, Bank Park, Warrington. veyor, The Jamb, Corby, Northants. Wigan.—Workshop, Wallgate and Bridge Douglas (I.O.M.).—Generator house, Castle water Street; M. A. Peters & Co., Ltd., 123, Hill Works; Crown Welding Co., Ltd. Wallgate, Wigan. Dufftown.—Cinema; H. C. Stewart, Nethy- Worksop.—Houses, Manton site; C. 0. bridge. Allsopp, borough surveyor, Town Hall. xjcrober 27, 1944 r ’ ^ I-.l h c t r ic a l R e v ie w A 70kVA Auto Transformer for operating an American mach ine from a stand- a r d 4 0 0 volt three -phase supply. fá u ¿£ fa , J¿íst¿*t£ •S& i'iH 'ce. jfü is {% ec£i¿cüdiPuift/rsc, Singles¡r.„i. and_„j Threeti— Phase,„L A i r Cooled and Oil Cooled. List 103 5 de OTHER HEAYBER D tails sizes and weights P R O D U C T S :—Reclifying of Transformers up to Equipment, Baffery Chargers, 27kVA, open and enclosed industrial Electrical and types. Scientific Apparatus. i t low contact conductivity \ y * a e 0£ contact low m aterial resistance to burning and ticulats ELKOMTE MALLORY METALLURGY PRODUCTS LTP • 18 HATTON OAAOBN ■ LONDON ;te le p h o n e HOU ORN 502? GD45 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (JCtO'ier J ./, 17TT So why not cover your Electric Cables with N EW ALLS ' W ¥ MOULDED ASBESTOS and j U } prevent damage to them by Fire. W e leave the joh “ r i g h t . ” NEWALLS INSULATION CO. LTD. WASHINGTON STAT I O N - C O U N T Y DURHAM. You’ll remember ALL TYPES ALL VOLTAGES DALY ALL WATTAGES for ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSERS M A D E TO LATEST CONDENSER SPECIALISTS B.S.I. SPECIFICATION FOR OVER 20 YEARS Daly (Condensers) Ltd. Ensel Electrics West Lodge Works, The Creen, Ealing, W.5 308,GRAYS INN R° LONDON,VMM Telephone : Ealing 4341 TELEPHONE T E R M IN U S 6255-6 ii/f/t'/ ^/, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 45 METALCLAD A IR IN SULATED SWITCHGEAR in.; RH AM. V E R T IC A L ISO LA TIO N PATTERN Ratings up to 600 am peres at 11 k V . Photograph shows an installation consisting of a 10-panel V.A.5 metal- clad air insulated switch board. Send yoiir enquiries to "LOUGHBOROUGH ENGLAND 8.35 46 E l e c t r ic a l i v t v i t w Q u i e k d e l i v e r y o f 100-kVA MOBILE SUBSTATION YORKSHIRE ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER CO. LTD., DEWSBURY SMALLER MAGNETS AND SAME OUTPUT SIZE AS BEFORE BUT GREATER OUTPUT 'TICONAL' GIVES YOU A GOOD ANSWER— EITHER WAY Because ‘Ticonal’ permanent magnets — with a B .H . m ax. of 4.4 millions—have nearly three times the energy previously available from the best commercial magnets, apparatus using these super magnets can be made appreciably lighter i p — g g and smaller and still maintain the same efficiency. Alterna ------áF S O ------tively the original size can be retained, which gives consider ably increased efficiency. ‘ Ticonal ’ magnets are anisotropic, i.e., they possess greatly increased properties along the preferred axis. Mullard ‘Ticonal’ magnets were the first m m anisotropic permanent magnets commercially available — and are still the best. SUSHWIS INSULATION CO. LTD., GLOUCESTER THE MULLARD WŁRELESS SEB.VTCB CO. LTD., CEXTUKY HOUSE. SHAFTESBURY AVEXUE, LOXDOX, W.0.2 (2b) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 4 7 MATHER & PLATT LTD / - in "Tyjje a n d ~f£rftarm ance 4 8 E l e c t r ic a l In war as in peace FOR ALL ELECTRICAL PURPOSES They are playing their part in the great National effort The Chloride Electrical Storage Co., Ltd., Grosvenor Gardens House, London, S.W.i. WE 63a/43 MICANITE OF Portable SEARCH-FLOOD Light Dual purpose — a MERIT powerful beam,easily directed, or flood MMjjfaT in every form light at will. Sub stantial construction. Fitted with inde- cci/ered hette s t r u c t i ble high- capacity alkaline H/Oä/ter* t i4*u fj battery. W eight 28 i lbs. HuteAirtet/pa. tSi As supplied to the A d m iralty iU ócj, icutte/s nf*A.u V fte tiilk i metdduujvut? ńtfiej. e/t Full particulars from : EASCO ELECTRICAL i k a J t a S E R V IC E 6 & 8 B rig h to n T e r r a c e London, S.W.9 Telephone BR Ixton GIBSON. TODD £ CO.LTD & Telegrams 4961-3 * L 1 E \ T Milts H O I I I N WOOD ŁLECTRICAL REVIEW 4 9 ELECTRICAL u i STEEL SHEETS & LAMINATIONS B ra n d s : "STALLOY,” "MEDIUM RESISTANCE." “ SPECIAL LOHYS," " LOHYS " JOSEPH SA N KEY & SONS L t d ., B I L S T O N LONDON : 168 Regent Street, W.l 50 E l e c t r i c a l R CLAILKE’S "ATLAS" A i' Equip your electrically driven machines with the “ right ” control gear — IGRANIC, which will give positive protection to motor and machine and keep them working to secure maximum m - m $ ' production. V > r ^ vi:% Illustration shows IGRANIC Control Panel f. ■ r‘ .'V : for Hoist motion of 6-ton Sh b Charger for Steel Mill. ■ » I > . „* I * j * i * i e l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 51 Any length Any head Any metal The range of our rivet produc tion covers all diameters from •024 in. to *375 in. inclusive, in Steel, Brass, Copper, Phosphor Bronze, Nickel Silver, Stainless Steel, Aluminium and the Light A lloys. I i m 52 E l e c t r i c a l ____ r Clettro ®pnantit Consitruttton Co. m i \ i kW 24 35 VOLT E.V. CHARGING GENERATOR S T . M A R Y CRAY, KENT AND BRIDGWATER, SOM. mmmmrnm/f/i DÀCIER L ™ 2 2 , « / Processed fhrts B a r g a te s , Sheet and \[j / Precision Gauged , Christchurch, Hants. Machined Parts \ f f a r  feJejD: Chfj'stchurd), IOÆ Æ\ Vo of all kinds, o o CONDENSERS, ETCo 'r n iim m r & m s s s ; Blackheart & MALLEABLE CASTINGS FOR THE ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY Ha r r is o n & Co. (Lincoln) NORTH HYKEHAM, LINCOLN J ^ Telephone : North Hykeham 206.7 Telegrams : Malleable, Lincoln - • > E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w The same supplies- —safe in the same containers — but standing up to very different conditions! Medway Corrugated Cases are to-day doing a vital war job. Hundreds of thousands of tons of essential supplies are being delivered safely in this form of packing. And the sound reputation they achieved in the days of peace has been enhanced by the way they are standing MEDWAY up to the greater hazards of wartime trans CORRUGATED CA SES port. For safety—Medway—«very time ! The Medway Corrugated Paper Co. Ltd., Larkfield, Nr. Maidstone, Kent. London Sales Office: Blackfriars House, Hew Bridge Street, London, E.C.4 54 E l e c t r ic a l , BIFURCATED TUBULAR & SO LID RIVETS SAW SCREWS-UPHOLSTERY NAILS DRAWING PINS ETC ...... Today we can supply only those products which are authorised as Essential so that your valued patronage must be forfeited temporarily to enable us to make our contribution to the War Effort. We look forward to the time when we shall Û ir f c m a t û : once more be able to give you the service / M a c A c n & d for which we have long been noted and we apologise for our inability to serve many of our numerous friends until existing 7 & v e t d trade restrictions are withdrawn. ON ADMIRALTY. AIR MINISTRY AND MINISTRY OF SUPPLY LISTS -S.&D.RIVET COMPANY (PROP.,STEELS 6 BUSKS LTD.) ARIEL WORKS - TEMPLE ROAD LEICESTER A/43 ( w ^ ) ) l e v e l s of NEVV L CO-AX cable, E S T A B L IS H E D 1887 - ~ , e,ectrical and PLASTIC RAW MATERIALS electron* IN SHEETS. RODS & TUBES Write for characteristics EBONITE LAMINATED BAKELISED SHEET BASICALLY BETTER CASEIN CAST RESIN /J/PS PA C E D ETC. 53 b, C IT Y R O A D m m ç m < s< o )°ax nn s LONDON, E.C.I TRANSRADIO LTD. I6THE highway beaconîfield 2 bucks l i u i r h ' m R e v ie w 5 5 A. C. AND D.C. MOTOR STARTING PANELS W here there is a complicated drive, there you will no doubt find Brookhirst control gear. The wide and varied experience thus gained has been of inestimable value in the production of our range of standard motor starting panels. For a straight-forward drive, the standard Brookhirst starter must be right for the job, because it has all those features which have been found to be essential whatever the application. The Brookhirst range of Motor Control Gear is built up to a standard, not down to a price — yet the resulting reliability can be purchased at small if any extra cost. BROOKHIRST BROOKHIRST SWITCHGEAR LTD., CHESTER E l e c t r ic a l If a fire in your Transformer Room, Sub-station or Switchroom would shut down production — why not instal an automatically operated “ PYRENE ” CO, Fire Extinguishing System ? A. Battery of C 0 2 C y lin d ers B. A u to m atic R elease C. Fusible Link Line D. Discharge Lines & Nozzles E. CO, operated cut-out switch F. Discharge line to adjacent Switch Room EVERYTHIN«* HAD A BEGIW IX«- N D , when the telephone was still A 1in its infancy, we made the f i r s t electrical batteries and lit the Royal Exchange, the Royal M int and other important buildings. Since then we made the f i r s t electrical accumulators to be fitted to B r i t i s h a i r c r a f t also the f i r s t British g r o u n d s t a r t e r Batteries, and the f i r s t British m o u l d e d b a t t e r y c o n t a i n e r s . When you see those bomber engines leap into action, or the navigation fights of night-flying aircraft, you can be certain that the energy is provided as a direct result of those pioneer days, which commenced in 1882, when P. & G. and E.P.S. produced the first commercial accumulators. ‘M r. W atson, please come here ; I want you’ was the first telephone message ever transmitted, and this illustradoD shows the instrument invented, and R E P L A T IN G —Ensure long and reliable service used on that memorable occasion in the year 1875, by Alexander Graham Bell. by having your present batteries replated by us. PRITCHETT & GOLD and E .P .S . C O . LT D . — formerly the Electrical Power Storage Co., Ltd. — MADE THE FIRST BATTERIES rautm G rosvenor G ardbns, L ondon, S .W .l. Phone: SLOane 7164. Grams: Storage, So west, London tL E C T ïu c a l R e v ie w 57 1 MMADIUM HIGH DUTY BRONZES CROTORITE ALUMINIUM BRONZE-S . ■■■ 53 E l e c t r ic a l IS ASSURED WITH A REMOVES FUR' FROM KETTLES Known and proved for years as the most efficient L A T E X SLEEVE de-scaler for steam generators, water tanks, water Distinctive colour aids identification. heating systems and many other industrial pur Structure ensures closer binding, proof poses, Epheta is now available for domestic use in against moisture and corrosion. Latex h a n d y 4-oz. bottles. This unique preparation sleeves stretch ten-fold without splitting removes ‘fur’ from kettles no matter how thick thus speeding up output. or hard thus saving fuel, saving time, saving metal. Backed by National Advertising, Epheta is selling A BRILLIANT START on sight wherever shown. Help the fuel situation and help yourself to quick sales and good pro 24 hour service, for fits by stocking and displaying Epheta. urgent specially Retail printed sleeves. EPHETA is on tale at local Oat Cos.’ and Price Electricity Cot.' showrooms, Army & Navy Stores, Forlnum Ac Maton't, Waring & Qillow’s, Hotrods, etc. V- EPHETA MANUFACTURING CO. per Boult General Offices and Trade Counter: GENEROUS CABLE MARKERS AND SLEEVES Dept. 3) Epheta House, 64 Newman St., W.l TRADE Telephone: Museum 2073. TERMS E. SIEGRIST LTD., 39 Berners St., W .l. Tel.: Mus. 0032 Electrical Review, October 27, 1944 C ertified Flam e-Proof • The Parkinson Flame-proof Motor is Buxton Certified as absolutely safe in explosive atmospheres. Its installation in mines is facilitated by the four directional cable box with its detachable chamber for cable sealing above ground. ^ W rite for List of M otors in Stock E l e c t r a House, Victoria Embankment, London, W.C. 2 (RomPTon pnRKinson LIMITED 6 0 E l e c t r ic a l ELECTRICIANS/ S/uci/i{ 4 A PRODUCT OF < T) SMALL GEARED PUMPS FOR : CREOSOTE PITCH MOTOR UNITS AS SUPPLIED TO P ET R O LEU M Made Unidirec Pumps for BOARD tional and Re Petrol, Water, f! v e r s in g . ÿ \ T a r, Fuel O il, e tc Unidirectional— Suction lifts 25ft. Torque 36*5" lbs. without priming. at 1 r.p.m. Reversing — 60" Variable stroke and Auto lbs. at 1 r.p.m . matically Reversible pumps. Enquiries are solicited. R O T O P LU N G E PUMP Co. Ltd. DRAYTON REGUL 58 Victoria Street, S.W.I & INSTRUME NT CO. Phone : VIC 4395 Grami : Rotoplung West D ra y to n ELCO ELCO design and build soldering irons, machines, melting pots, and special furnaces for all soldering needs to suit any voltage from 24 v. up. Illustrated are four interchangeable units. There are many others. Since 1783 Boltons have known more than one period of national crisis followed by progressive BOLTON reconstruction. The combination of metallur gical research with specialisation in manufacture has enabled Bolton Copper Products to play a notable part in the scientific and industrial developments of the last 150 years and in the P R O D U C T S unprecedented tasks of the war to-day, and will continue to do so in the days of peace. for the ★ “COMBARLOY” (for commutator bars, brushes, etc.) ★ COPPER WIRE, STRIP, BUS BARS, ELECTRICAL COMMUTATOR SEGMENTS. ★ PATENTED CELLULAR CONDUCTORS INDUSTRY (for extra high tension currents). ★ TROLLEY WIRE. S o ^ s *OVt o n r ( ' a S THOMAS BOLTON & SONS LTD. HEAD OFFICE : WIDNES, LANCS. P.O. BOX No. 3 Telephone : Widnes 2022. London Office: 168 Regent Street, W.l. Telephone : Regent 6427/8/9. CV S-18 6 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 NOV II Please Give Generously B Y COURTESY OF REMEMBRANCE AGRO ELECTRICAL CO. LTD. BRITANNIA HOUSE, 233 SHAFTESBURY AVENUE, LONDON, W.C.2 Telephone : TEMple Bar 0055 (3 lines) Telegrams : " Arwelldite, Westcent, London ' .\\CKTv, DAY AND NIGHT ELECTRIC SERVICE FOR QUICK RELIABLE REPAIRS AND REWINDS THE MIDLAND DYNAMO Co. Ltd. LEICESTER Phone 20172 (3 lines) ¿ s q g e t A ß ELECTRIC FIRES Efficient and Artistic Make your post-war plans now for sales of Angelus Fires INGRAM, KEMP & JOYNER London Office : 21 Gt. Suffolk St., S.E.I NEWTOWN ROW BIRMINGHAM 6 October 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 63 All steel construction ; plates which cannot buckle, grow or shed active material ; no sulph- ation ; no corrosive fumes ; unharmed by over-charging, rapid discharging or short- circuiting ; light in weight ; simple to operate and long life—all these characteristics will doubtless meet your battery problem with advantage. BATTI LIMITED HUNT END REDDITCH WORCESTERSHIRE H 6 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 give the public what it wants AND the Public wants Atlas Lamps — thanks to their high quality and reasonable price and to our large scale advertising. Cash in on this ever growing demand. Atlas dealers get extra good discounts, generous rebates, attractive sales aids — and perfect freedom to stock whatever make of other good lamps they like. Write for terms today. ATLAS LAMPS Nothing better has come to light THORN ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LTD., 105-109 JUDD ST., LONDON, W .C.I. Phone: Euston 1183 Northern Branch : S5 Blossom Streetr Manchester. ’Phone : Central 7461 N.E. Depot: 46 Sandhill, Newcastle-on-Tyne, I. 'Phone : Newcastle 24068 October 27, 1944 Electrical Review 65 BRITANNIC CABLES AN INDEPENDENT COMPANY, MAKERS OF E.H.T. AND L.T. PAPER MAINS CABLES, VARNISHED CAMBRIC C.T.S. MINING TRAILING, " IVERITE ” INSULATED CABLES AND THERMOPLASTIC CABLES (P.V.C.) BRITANNIC ELECTRIC CABLE & CONSTRUCTION CO. LTD. IVER, BUCKS Telephone : IVER 4*1 ; Teletrims : ■■ BRITANNIC, IVER ” m u iiit fills each working hour A prompt start, even in extremely cold weather, followed by powerful and steady running, Is the experience of Fowler engine users. Each work ing hour yields 60 minutes power. Fowler Engines provide power for :— Transmitting, Generating, Lighting and Welding Sets, also Diesel Electric Locomotives and Cranes, etc. w ith 60 minutes steady power Petrol Engines Ii to 16 B.H.P. Diesel Engines 4 to 200 B.H.P. FOWLER JOHN FOWLER & C O . ( LEEDS) LTD, LEEDS IQ. Telephone: Leeds 3073lto8 Taleqrams: FOWLER "Leeds. 6 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 BRITISH STANDARD SOCKET OUTLETS AND PLUGS To clarify the present position in regard to Socket Outlets and Plugs, the Standing Committee of the Electrical Accessories Section of the British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association think it opportune to make the following statement:— The only recognised British Standard Socket Outlets and Plugs are those manufactured in accordance with the various Specifications compiled and issued from time to time by the British Standards Institution. The proposed introduction of an entirely new and addi tional Standard, non-interchangeable with any of the existing British Standards Institution Specifications, is now the subject of discussion between the appropriate Authorities and the Manufacturers of Socket Outlets and Plugs. It has been stated, however, in the Press, that the Industry has prepared a design for a new Standard. The Manufacturers desire to make it clear to the Trade and all interested Users that this is not correct, and that the discussions between them and the Authorities con cerned are still continuing. Until these are finalised and a decision reached, the only British Standard Socket Outlets and Plugs are those made in conformity with existing British Standard Specifications. Issued b j the Standing Committee o f the Electrical Accessories Section o f the British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers’ Association. October 27, 1944 Electrical Review ( Supplement) 6 7 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS- ISEM EN TS for insertion in the following REPLIES TO advertisements published under a M o n d a v 1SlS are accePted up to First post on Box Number if not to be delivered to any particular g £ j y* Dorset House, Stamford Street, London, firm or individual should be accompanied by instruc tions to this effect, addressed to the Manager of the •c o i for advertisements in this section ELECTRICAL REVIEW. Letters of applicants in -is zj- p er line (approx. 8 words) per insertion, such cases cannot be returned to them. The name minimum 2 lines 4/-, or for display advertisements of an advertiser using a Box Number will not be *2 m.ch* w .a uiinimum of one inch. Where disclosed. All replies to Box Numbers should be advertisement includes a Box Number there is addressed to the Box Number in the advertisement, an additional charge of 6d. for postage of replies. c/o ELECTRICAL REVIEW, Dorset House, Stam SITUATIONS WANTED. — Three insertions ford Street, London, S.E.l. Cheques and Postal under this heading can be obfained for the price of Orders should be made payable to ELECTRICAL two if ordered and prepaid with the first insertion. REVIEW LTD. and crossed. Original testimonials should not be sent with applications for employment. OFFICIAL NOTICES SITUATIONS V A C A N T _____ TENDERS, ETC. None of the vacancies for women advertised in these columns relates to a woman between 18 and 41 unless such WESTERN AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT woman (a) has living with her a child of hers under the age of 14. or (b) is registered under the Blind Persons Acts, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, PERTH or (c) has a Ministry of Labour permit to allow her to obtain employment by individual effort. rpH E Government of Western Australia is prepared to SUNDERLAND EDUCATION COMMITTEE receive tenders for the following : — The Technical College (a) BOILERS. PULVERISED COAL EQUIPMENT. (Principal: F. H. Reid. B.Sc.. Wh.Ex., M.I.Mech.E.) ECONOMISEES. FEED PUMPS. AIR HEATERS. MECHANICAL DRAFT PLANT. A PPLICATIONS are invited for the post of LECTURER PIPE WTORK. BUILDINGS. ETC. ^ in the ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPART MENT. to commence duties as soon as possible. (b) TWO 25.000-kW TURBO-ALTERNATORS AND Salary (Burnham Technical Scale). £234-£15-£480, plus CONDENSING PLANT. ETC. £52 war bonus. The commencing salary will include an allowance for approved industrial or professional experiende. An addi (c) ONE 25.000-kW FREQUENCY CHANGER. tion to the scale of £20 per annum will be paid after three years’ service, under Clause 5 (c) of the Burnham Report, Specifications. General Conditions of Contract and Form in respect of “ special work of an advanced character.” of Tender may be obtained from the Agent-General for The standard of the full-time course is that required for Western Australia. Savoy House. Strand. London, upon an Honours Degree and of the evening courses for Higher written application by post, or from the W.A. Government National Certificates. Tender Board. Perth, Western Australia, on and after the Candidates must possess a good Honours Degree in 30th October. 1944. Engineering, or its equivalent, with qualifications in Elec Any further information required by tenderers may be trical Machine Design, and should also have had industrial obtained from the above. and teaching experience. A knowledge of Telecommuni cations will be an advantage. Tenders are to be lodged with the Agent-General for Forms of application and further particulars may be Western Australia. Savoy House. Strand. London, or obtained by sending a stamped addressed envelope to The Chairman, W’.A. Government Tender Board, Perth, The Registrar, Technical College. Sunderland. Applica Western Australia. tions should be returned to the undersigned not later than Specifications and General Conditions of Contract may 13th November. 1944. be obtained from the above on payment of one guinea W. THOMPSON. for each specification : — Education Offices. Director of Education. 15. John Street. Sunderland, co. Durham. 826 Boiler House Equipment, etc ...... £1 Is. Two 25.000-kW Turbo-Alternators, etc... £1 Is. One 25.000-kW7 Frequency Changer ...... £1 Is. CONTINENTAL REPRESENTATIVE Such amounts being returned on receipt of bona fide tender. C. C. HILLARY. Secretary. Office of th e A gent-G eneral leading firm of electrical and mechanical for Western Australia. A engineers in Southern England desires to Savoy House. 115/116. Strand. appoint for the Continent of Europe, with head London. W.C.2. 812 quarters in London, a REPRESENTATIVE whose duties will include the sale of highly specialised electrical equipment to organisations CITY OF MANCHESTER mainly state-owned; the appointment and super vision of selling agents; and the granting of manufacturing licences in certain countries. Preference will be given to a qualified electrical T^HE Electricity Committee invites tenders for the supply engineer, but successful Continental sales experi and delivery of:— ence is of prime importance. The appointment will carry a salary of £1.500 to £2.000 per 250 REFRACTOR STREET LANTERNS. annum, according to the successful candidate’s qualifications. Applications will be treated in Specification, etc., from Mr. R. A. S. Thwaites. Chief strict confidence.—Box 847. c/o The Electrical Engineer and Manager. Electricity Department. Town R eview . Hall, Manchester. 2. Tenders to be delivered by 10 o’clock a.m. on Wednes d a y . 8t h N o v e m b e r. 1944. R. H. ADCOCK. TDOOKKEEPER with knowledge of s/hand typewriting Town Hall, „ Town Clerk' for electrical contractors’ office. Write, stating age expenence and salary required.—Box 6399, c/o The Elec " “October. 1944. 832 trical Review. 6 8 ( Supplement) Electrical Review October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 COUNTY BOROUGH OF SWANSEA EVELOPMENT Engineer for investigation of new D applications of electric heat and power. Must have Electricity Department first-class technical education, initiative and ability to solve a wide variety of problems from first principles, also practical knowledge of equipment design. Experience with Appointment of (a) Boiler House Superintendent power co. or similar organisation desirable. State present (b) Mechanical Maintenance Engineer salary and age. under 35 preferred. Our own staff have been advised. Location London.—Box 785, c/o Ihe -elec trical Review. . . ' PPLICATIONS are invited for the above positions STABLISHED Cable Co. in London area require for A from qualified engineers not over 45 years of age. E estimating department an Assistant, preferably under Applicants for both positions must have had a first-class 30. with V.I.R. cable experience— B ox 841. c / o The practical training as mechanical engineers and experience Electrical Review. , , in large modern power stations employing pulverised fuel. XPERIENCED Cable Foreman wanted by non-associa It will be considered an advantage if applicants have E tion cable company, Manchester area. Small rubber electro-technical knowledge and experience, corporate and P.V.C. cables. Preferably one familiar with all pro membership of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers cesses. W rite in confidence, giving age and experience.— and/or Electrical Engineers. Box 825, c/o The Electrical Review. Boiler House Superintendent TT'XPERIENCED Sales Engineer required by wholesale The salary will be in accordance with Grade 4, Class J. •A-4 electrical engineers, London, for Oxon. Beds, and of the N.J.B. Schedule of Salaries (at present £642, rising Northants. Own car desirable. Write, giving full parti to £673 per annum). Applicants must have had actual culars of age, experience, connections, etc.. to—W & W .. experience in the organisation of operation and main 13. Bloomsbury Square. W.C.l. 840 tenance programmes of one or more large power station UNIOR for electrical contractors’ office, general office boiler houses', and be competent to carry out a large-scale J routine and switchboard. Write, stating age and salary reorganisation, and take complete responsibility under the required.—Box 6400, c/o The Ele&trical Review. supervision of the Station Superintendent. EADING firm of electrical manufacturers has a number Mechanical Maintenance Engineer L of vacancies for post-war Sales Representatives. The salary will be in accordance with Grade 5. Class J, Sound technical education with works and drawing office of the N.J.B. Schedule of Salaries (at present £583, rising training essential. Experience in the installation and to £612 per annum). Applicants must have had actual maintenance of distribution equipment an advantage. experience in the whole of the mechanical maintenance of Applications will be considered now. Reply, giving parti a large power station, including boilers, coal pulverising culars of age, education, training and experience, to—Box equipment, turbines and all auxiliary plant wherever 15. c/o The Electrical Review. situated in the station. The person appointed will be IFT Engineers. Old-established firm requires experienced responsible to the Station Superintendent for preparing L man as General Manager. Salary and participation in and maintaining a complete programme of repairs and profits. Applications, accompanied by details of experi maintenance. ence, will be considered in confidence.—Box 824, c/o The The appointments will be subject to the provisions of Electrical Review. the Local Government and Other Officers Superannuation "V/TEN or Women Packers, by electrical and radio whole- Act, 1937, and the successful candidates will be required -L'J- salers. Applications in writing, stating age. experience to pass a medical examination. and salary required, to—Box 853, c/o The Electrical Review. Applications, which must be made on a prescribed form A L E S E n g in eer A ssistan t, able to ta k e charge of office obtainable from the Borough Electrical Engineer and S staff, correspondence, contracts, etc., required by Manager. Guildhall. Swansea, together with copies of not West London firm manufacturing electrical measuring in more than three recent testimonials, must be delivered I struments. Write, stating age. experience and salary to the undersigned, not later than Saturday, the 11th required.—Box 811. c/o The Electrical Review. November. 1944. OALfiS Estimators and Representatives. Permanent Canvassing, either directly or indirectly, is prohibited, ^ progressive positions for adaptable men. Some know and will be a disqualification. ledge of power application of A.C. and D.C. motors T. B. BOWEN. desirable. Apply—Higgs Motors. Birmingham. 6. 823 Guildhall, Swansea. Town Clerk. QALES Representative required for Glasgow office of 21st October. 1944. 835 ^ A.C. electric motor manufacturers. Reply, giving details of age. education, training, experience and salary required, to—Box 337, Reid Walker. Salisbury Square METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF SOUTHWARK H ouse. E .C .4. 848 ALES Representative required for post-war develop Appointment of Electrical Engineer and Manager, S ment by manufacturers of lighting fittings. London Electricity Department area. State age, experience and salary required to—Box 839. c/o The Electrical Review. PPLICATIONS for the above appointment are invited MART Business Man required for office of East London A from qualified engineers with the necessary experience S manufacturers of electrical materials. One capable in the management and administration of an electricity of dealing with customers’ correspondence and generally undertaking. adaptable. Progressive post for right individual. Reply, The salary will be in accordance with the agreement made giving details of age. experience and salary required.— by the National Joint Committee of Local Authorities and Box 844. c/o The Electrical Review. Chief Electrical Engineers, dated 9th July. 1941, with a WITCHBOARD Attendant required for steel works commencing salary of £950 per annum, rising by two annual S power station in North-East area. Must be experienced «'increments of £100 to £1,150. plus war bonus, at present in operation of E.H.T. switchgear. synchronising and con £33 16s. per annum, and thereafter in accordance with the trol of turbo-alternators. Salary £314 12s. per annum. agreement scale in excess of the above gross figure. Apply—Manager, Employment Exchange South Bank. The successful candidate will be required to pass a Y orks. " 9 medical examination and be subject to the Shoreditch and rpECHNICAL Manager (Electrical) required, to take Other Metropolitan Borough Councils (Superannuation) charge of all electrical equipment and also design work Acts. 1922-1937. in firm manufacturing F.H.P. and H.F. motors and appli Forms of application and particulars of terms of the ances. The post requires a young electrical engineer not appointment can be obtained from me. and applications afraid of responsibility and prepared to keep abreast of must be accompanied by copies of three recent testimonials, the times. Firm employs 400 and post-war prospects are and must be addressed to me. and endorsed “ Electrical excellent. Write in first instance, stating experience, Engineer and Manager," and received by me not later salary, etc.—Box 805, c/o The Electrical Review. than Wednesday, the 8th November. 1944. HE Electricity Board for Northern Ireland invite appli Canvassing, directly or indirectly, will disqualify. T cations from suitable qualified engineers for positions D. as T. Shift GRIFFITHS. Charge Engineers. Applicants should have experi Southwark Town Hall. Town Clerk. ence in the running and maintenance of steam generating Walworth Road. S.E.17. 820 plant in a modern generating station, preferably with steam pressures up to 650 lbs. per so. in. The salary will be in accordance with the National Joint Board Schedule. SSISTANT to Manager required for elec. contr.. Baker G rade 8. Class H. Application forms can be obtained on A St. district, good prospects, suit young disch. man. request from the Secretary of the Board. Rosemount House. Apply—Box 6408. c/o The Electrical Review. Greyabbey. County Down, and the completed forms should /iL E R K required, male. as’assistant to general manager. be returned to the same address. Applicants, who should good at correspondence and figures, knowledge of state the earliest date upon which they could take up electrical trade and export desirable but not essential. duties in Northern Ireland, may be asked to attend an Letters only.—Metway. King Street. Brighton. WANDSWORTH BOROUGH COUNCIL A.C. MOTORS, 400/440/3/50 For Sale—Modified Street Lighting Fittings All Complete with Starting Gear H.P. Make. Speed. T ype. B rgs. Price. FFERS are invited for the purchase of new modified 75 M ather & P la tt 720 Slipring R.O. £170 O street lighting fittings which are surplus to the 40 Met.-Vick. 580 Sq. Cage R.O. £95 requirements of the Council. All the fittings are certified 40 B\ Peebles 720 ,, R.O. £80 to comply with BS/ARP 1937. 30 M ather & P la tt 720 . S lipring R.O. £100 GAS FITTINGS. 30 M et.-V ick. 720 Sq. Cage R.O. £60 Approx. No. 620, 20'. E type, high pressure Supervia Units. 20 M ather & P la tt 1,500 ,, R .O . £30 7. 15'. E ...... 20 B. Peebles 750 S lipring R.O. £80 2.520. 15'. G .. Units. 18 M ather & P la tt 1,450 ,, R.O. £65 166, 10'. G 15 M ather & P la tt 750 ,, R.O. £60 984. 15'. F .. 10 M ather & P la tt 750 R .O . £50 30. 10'. F .. 10 H arlan d 720 Sq. Cage R.O. £18 Approx. No. 960. F type. 302 Gas Lighting Conversion NO LICENCE REQUIRED. Units, manufactured by Sugg & Co. Approx. No. 2782, G type, do. do. do. ELECTRIC MACHINERY CO. (M/CR) LTD., ELECTRIC FITTINGS. New Union Works, New Islington. Ancoats, Manchester. 599 Z3200/6467. Modified Public Lighting Fittings, manu 801 factured by the General Electric Co. Ltd. COUNTY BOROUGH OF WOLVERHAMPTON Quotations are to be addressed to the Town Clerk. Municipal Buildings, Wandsworth, S.W.18. Envelopes to be marked “ Quotation for Lighting Fittings,” and should Electricity Supply Department be received not later than 10 a.m. on Wednesday, 22nd November, 1944. FFERS are invited for the purchase of:—One G.E.C., H . W . T E E , O 1,000-kW Rotary Converter with Transformer, 1,100 Borough Engineer’s Office, Borough Engineer. kVA, 6.300 volts, 3-phase to 440/480 D.C., complete with Municipal Buildings, S.W.18. A.C. Starter Panel and Field Rheostat, without A.C. or 13th October. 1944. 821 D.C. Control Gear. Additional information can be obtained from the GEORGE COHEN, SONS & CO. LTD. Borough Electrical Engineer, 83. Darlington Street. Wolverhampton. for Tenders, endorsed “ Rotary Converter,” are to be sub mitted to the undersigned not later than 8th November, GUARANTEED ELECTRICAL 1944. J. BROCK ALLON. PLANT. Town Hall, Town Clerk. Wolverhampton. 834 MOTORS, GENERATORS. SWITCHGEAR. WATER TUBE BOILERS IN STOCK etc. Four 25,000 lbs. evaporation. 175 lbs. W .P. Three 20.000 lbs. ,. 175 lbs. WOOD LANE, LONDON. W.12. One 15.000 lbs. .. 175 lbs. One 12.000 lbs. .. 175 lbs. Telephone: Shepherds Bush 2070 One 12,000 lbs. .. 200 lbs. an d One 12.000 lbs. 160 lbs. STANNINGLEY, NEAR LEEDS. One 9/10.000 lbs. ., 200 lbs. We install complete, including brickwork. Economisers. Telephone: Pudsey 2241. Pumps. Piping Valves, Generating Sets and Motors in Established 1834. stock. Please send us your enquiries: we can give 27 immediate delivery. BURFORD, TAYLOR & CO. LTD., Boiler Specialists, Middlesbrough. RADIATORS FOR PETROL OR DIESEL ENGINES Telephone, Middlesbrough 2622. 32 TIIT'E have 26 radiators, new and of recent production * » (made by Spiral Tubes, of Derby), for disposal. These ‘CANNING” PLATING MOTOR GENERATOR radiators are fitted with shutters, fan and pulley, fan cowl, SETS FOR DISPOSAL and complete with guards to fan and belt, etc. They are suitable for engines up to 35/45 b.h.p. continuous rating at 80/90° F. or 15/24 b.h.p. continuous rating for ambient air temperature at 122° F. These radiators are in perfect Three — 1,000 amp., 7 v o lts condition, and being complete are ready for immediate Two — 500 amp., 6 volts use. A low price will be accepted for them in one lot. Two — 250 amp., 6/8 volts Inspection by appointment only, or blue print of radiators can be had if required. All with 400-volt, 3-phase, 50-cycles, ball bearing, squirrel-cage driving motors and switchgear. HARBOUR ARC MANUFACTURING CO. LTD.. Lower Coombe Street, Croydon. Box, 775, c/o The Electrical Review. 817 MODI NSTAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED ALTERNATORS INDUSTRIAL INFRA-RED APPARATUS FOR PAINT DRYING. COMPLETE EQUIPMENTS OR SINGLE UNITS Suitable for 400-3-50, in perfect condition. PROVIDED. 65 kVA 1.000 r.p.m. with exciter GUARANTEED HEAT GENERATORS. 160 kVA 300 r.p.m. for coupling OLDHAM WORKS, OLDHAM TERRACE, 170 kVA 1.000 r.p.m. with exciter ACTON, W.3, LONDON. 235 kVA 300 r.p.m. for coupling 600 kVA Telephone: Acorn 3504/5. 300 r.p.m. for coupling M.E.C. APPARATUS, DULL EMITTER SYSTEM J. GERBER & CO. LTD., 59 Wembley. Middx. 829 October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 71 e l e c t r ic m o to r s a n d d y n a m o s ERRY Transformer. 150 kVA, input 6.300 v.. 3-phase, B. 50 cycles; secondary 410 v.. 3-phase. 50 cycles: 210 v.. WIS mT of tSe larK st Stocks of New and Second- Northampton.AS DeW' ° flerS- ° - A' “ “ “ Last °°- " f e Motors. Secondhand machines are thoroughly Works Inspection and tests can be made at our T JEST English Cables. 1/.044 up to 127/.103. deliveries pi. , agam£!;, 5I.O.S. requirements.—Edwardes Bros., 20. Blackfriars Road. London, S.E.l. 6420 For Sale or Hire. Send your enquiries to: — ( ! 1 la7 ge stocks assorted sizes, solid and cored.— Edwardes Bros.. 20. Blackfriars Road. London. S.E.l. BRITANNIA MANUFACTURING CO. LTD.. CLpo7f ela‘n 1; U " and 2 1" long, two and three Ttri ii v'- immediate deliveries.—Sloan Electrical Co. 22-23. BRITANNIA STREET. Kingsway, London. W.C.2. 806 CITY ROAD. LONDON. N.I. J V C . Generator, compounded. 4 kW. 110 volts, by Telephone : 5512-3 Clerkenwell. 13 Road. Soutiiall. Avery * Vincent Ltd.. Hartington Automatic Plant comprising two Lister Diesel ARC WELDING MACHINES FROM STOCK Electric Generating Sets, each 10.5 kW. 110 volt, complete with all accessories, switchboard and battery of 52 cells. Can be seen running. Regularly serviced since E offer our latest type No. 2 Max-Arc Welder for installed new in 1936. lull particulars and price on W immediate delivery. 15/250 amperes. Operates off application to— Drake & Gorham Ltd.. 29. Piccadilly any A.C. supply voltage. Send for details. Manchester. 1 . 818 X^LECIRIC Conveyor Furnace, suitable for vitreous MAX-ARC WELDERS LTD., enamelling, annealing or stoving. length 75 ft., firing space 8" high. 6" wide. Three automatically controlled 190. THORNTON ROAD. CROYDON. heating zones, accuracy ± 5°. temperatures 0 to 900° C. THOrnton Heath 4276-8. Five speeds between 6 and 15 hours, but easily adaptable ______35 for other speeds. May be seen working, London area.— Box 759. c /o The Electrical Review. T^LECTRIC Hoists!! Save time and labour. We can ECONOMISERS IN STOCK J - ' supply any size from 5 cwts. upwards, and any other type of Lifting Gear. Send us particulars of your require ments.—George Cohen, Sons & Co. Ltd.. Wood Lane. TWO Green’s Economisers, 208 tubes. 250 lbs. W.P. London. W.12, and Stanningley, near Leeds. 34 Guaranteed re-insurable and first-class condition only, X^XHAUST Fans. new. 14". 1-phase, 200/250 v.. 1.900 low prices. Quotations per return. Installations delivered cu. ft./m in., £11 15s.—Southern Ignition Co. Ltd.. and erected complete. 190. Thornton Road. Croydon. 75 OR immediate disposal: Six First-class Tunnel Type F Porthole Fans. 42" dia.. for exhausting or ventilating, BURFORD, TAYLOR & CO. LTD., capacity 3.500 c.f.m., 1" w.g.. speed 1.290 r.p.m.. three- 7, Commercial Street. Middlesbrough. Telephone 2622. blade single type impeller: 14.5-h.p. totally enclosed Motor. ______65 230 v. D.C.—George Cohen, Sons & Co. Ltd.. Stanningley. near Leeds. 813 large stock of Winches of our self-sustaining types, OUR identical 150-kW. “ Weir Sulzer/E.C.C.” F Diesel-driven Generating Sets. 220 volt D.C.—Stewart A also Searchlights (sale or hire). Mirrors. Lenses. A.I.D. Thomson & Sons. Fort Rd., Seaforth. L’pool. 21. 74 Turnbuckles, etc.. also surplus Carbon Rods. Ebonite and r^ENERATING Sets for sale. 3 kVA. 230/1/50. Fibre. Hundreds of thousands supplied during the last 40 years to Government departments, corporations and in petrol: 2$ kW. 220 v. D.C., crude oil: 250-amp. and numerable traders.—London Electric Firm. Croydon. 42 300-amp. petrol Welding Sets.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Ltd.. Bishop’s Stortford. 837 A -C. and D.C. House Service Meters, all sizes, quarterly /^¡.ENERATOR, comp. int.. 5.2 kW. 250 volts, recon- and prepayment, reconditioned, guaranteed one year. ditioned and tested, fitted with extended shaft and Repairs and recalibrations.—The Victa Electrical Co.. 47. fast and loose pulleys, with ammeter, voltmeter and sh. Battersea High Street. S.W .ll. Tel. Battersea 0780. 19 regulator. £25 nett, excluding carriage.—Alex. Milne & .C. and D.C. Motors, all sizes, large stocks, fully Co.. 180. West Regent Street. Glasgow. C.2. 6407 A guaranteed.—Milo Engineering Works, Milo Road. EAVY duty Arc Welding Plants. 200 amps. Price East Dulwich. S.E.22 (Forest Hill 4422). 6115 H £31 10s. complete. Also Spot Welders. £36 15s.— .C.-driven Plating Dynamo, 1.000 amps., 16 volt. 570 John E. R. Steel, Clyde Mills. Bingley. Phone 1066. 50 A r.p.m.. direct coupl. on bedplate, reconditioned.— EAD-covered and Armoured Cables. P.I. and V.I.R.. J. Gerber & Co. Ltd.. Wembley. Middx. 828 L various special lines at low prices.—Edwardes Bros.. .C. Motors. l/50th h.p. to 3 h.p.. from stock, for 20. Blackfriars Road. London, S.E.l. 6422 A essential work only.—The Johnson Engineering Co.. ESLIE Dixon & Co. for Dynamos, Motors. Switchgear. 5. Spencer Street. Leamington Spa. 57 L Chargers and Telephones.—214. Queenstown Road. ERIAL Cables, all sizes quoted for: good deliveries Battersea. S.W.8. Telephone. Macaulay 2159. Nearest A against Government contract numbers.—Edwardes Rly. Sta.: Queen’s Road. Battersea (S.R.). 18 Bros.. 20. Blackfriars Road. London, S.E.l. 6419 1\/TONOMARK. Permanent London address. Letters re- ±VL directed. 5s. p.a. Write—BM/M0N053. W.C. 1. 44 A IR Compressor, 40 cu. ft./m in., complete with 400- volt. 3-phase motor, air receiver, flat belt drive, "A/fOTOR Generator Sets and Convertors, all sizes and voltages from £ kW up to 500 kW in stock.— completely overhauled, as new. £70. Apply—Black & Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd.. 22/26. Britannia Walk. Decker Ltd.. Bath Road. Harmondsworth. Middx. 849 City Road. London. N.I. Telephone. Clerkenwell 5512. IR Compressor, 80 cu. ft./m in.. complete with 400- 5513 & 5514 A volt. 3-phase motor, vee belt drive, air receiver, TV/TOTORISED £" Bench Drilling Machine. 13 speeds. water tank, switchgear. very good condition. £140. Apply i '- L £11 1 1 s.—John E. R. Steel. Clyde Mills. Bingley. —Black & Decker Ltd.. Bath Road. Harmondsworth. Phone 1066. .5.1 Middx. 850 IV/TULTIPLY Your Man Power!—with Morgan Electric LTERNATING Petrol/paraffin Sets. 400/3/50. direct Hoist Blocks, capacities from 5 cwt. to 10 tons. push, A coupled on bed. First-class order. 25 kVA, 35 kVA. geared, or electric travelling. A.C. and D.C. Supply. 50 kVA. 70 kVA. Fully tested, for quick delivery.— Delivery from 2-3 weeks.—Morgan Liftways & Powerways. Gerber & Co. Ltd.. Wembley. Middx. 804 50. Wilkin Street. N.W^.5. Gul. 1147. 795 lternator. 500 kVA. 3-p.. 50 c.. 400/440 v 750 TVTAME Plates for Electrical Engineers. Neatly engraved. A revs., direct coupled exciter, 2 brgs.. on bedplate. I* Send wording for full size sketch and list (enclose 3d. —Stewart Thomson & Sons, Fort Road, Seaforth, Liver stamps).—Maile & Son Ltd.. Engravers. 36/. Euston Road^ pool 21 1VTAMEPLATES. Engraving. Diesinking. Stencils. Steel AKELITE Accessories. Switch-Plugs. B/C Adaptors. Lampholders. Iron Connectors. Batten Hold ere. In : 1^1 Punches.— Stilwell & Sons Ltd.. 152. Far Gosford B Street. Coventry.______, ,, _ . sulatinn Tane etc We carry large stocks, wholesalers HONE 98 Staines. 60-kW crude oil Generating Set. enquiries a n d 'export orders solicited. Send ld stamp for P voo volts D C.: 35-kW crude oil Generating Set. 220 complete list.—Marcus Fisher & Co. Ltd.. 37. Aylmer volts D C ■ 250-kW Browett Steam Set. 220 volts D.C.: Ü ^TeTC°rindersor Sanders. 4" wide belt. £5 5s.: " wide Weir Feed Pump. 94" x 7" x 21"; 35-h.p. Ruston Twin 2 6 Vertical Diesel; cylindrical pressure Tank. 30' X 7' dia.— B beU îio lte.-John E. R. Steel. Clyde Mills. Bingley. Harry H. Gardam & Co, Ltd.. Staines. 60 Phone 1066. 7 2 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w u a u u e r i. i , "VTUMBER of Electric Motors (A.C. and D.C.) will be GEORGE COHEN, SONS & CO. LTD. -L ' sold at low prices, owing to storage difficulties (salvage Engineers and Machinery Merchants offer).—J. Gerber & Co. Ltd., Wembley, Middx. 827 (Established 1834) ORCELAIN Cleats, 2 and 3 groove, various sizes ex P stock, price list.—Edwardes Bros., 20, Blackfriars REQUIRE TO PURCHASE Road. London, S.E.l. 6423 ORCELAIN Insulators and Spindles, also Cleats, OOD Surplus PLANT AND MACHINERY, either P cheap.—Edwardes Bros., 20, Blackfriars Road. G single items or Complete Works. Please inform our London, S.E.l. 6424 nearest Area Office : — OTARY Converters in stock, all sizes; enquiries R invited.—Universal Electrical, 221, City Road. GLASGOW : Cogan Street. Pollokshaws. L ondon. E .C .l. _ 16 NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE : Trafalgar House, CJELF-Priming Electric Pumps, 300 g.p.h.. £11 Us.— Collingwood Street. John E. R. Steel, Clyde Mills, Bingley. Phone 1066. 53 MANCHESTER : Cobden Street. Pendleton. EMI-Diesel horizontal single-cylinder Engine, 12 h.p., by SHEFFIELD : Coborn Works, Tinsley. S Feilding & Platt, coupled to 6-kW Generator, D.C. 110 BIRMINGHAM : 191, Corporation Street. volts, compound wound, complete with switchboard. Apply BATH : Lower Bristol Road. —Avery & Vincent Ltd.. Harrington Road. Southall. 6369 SWANSEA : Prince of Wales Dock. QEMI-Diesel horizontal single-cylinder Engine, 48/52h.p., SOUTHAMPTON : Princes Street, Northam. ^ by Feilding & Platt. Apply—Avery & Vincent Ltd.. REDRUTH : 25. Albany Road. Harrington Road, Southall. 6368 EMI-Diesel horizontal single-cylinder (industrial type) 84- Or Chief Offices and Depots : S b.h.p. Engine. 26" x 15i" bore. 210 r.p.m., by Feilding Southern: WOOD LANE. LONDON. W.12. & Platt, coupled to 70-kVA Alternator. 415 volts, 3-phase. Northern: STANNINGLEY, Nr. LEEDS. 50 cycles, complete with switchboard, etc. Offers. Apply 38 —Avery & Vincent Ltd.. Harrington Road, Southall. 6367 QINGLE-core V.I.R., Braided Flexible, heavy insulation, LECTROLYTIC Condensers, 8 mf., 350 V. and above, ^ carry 24 amps., cheap. Edwardes Bros., 20, Black E any quantity, regular supply 144 pm. required.—Box 6366. c/o The Electrical Review. friars Road, London, S.E.l. 6425 NGINEERING Technical Books (new or secondhand) QPECIAL line. Bell and Telephone Wires, also screened E wanted in any quantity. Attractive cash offers. Call ^ wires, large quantity, cheap.—Edwardes Bros., 20. —Third floor. 356, Oxford Street, W .l, or “ Stoneleigh.” Blackfriars Road, London. S.E.l. 6426 St. George’s Avenue. Weybridge. 62 TAFF Time Checking and Job Costing Time Recorders "\TERCURY (Quicksilver) wanted. Write for packing S (all makes) for quick cash sale. Exceptional con -LVJ- instructions. Gold, Silver and Platinum also pur dition. Write — Box 528, Smiths, 100, Fleet Street. chased.—Collingridge & Co. Ltd., Riverside Works. River L ondon, E .C .4. 31 side Road. Watford (Tel. 5963). 20 QW ITCH and Fuse Units. Conduits and fittings, works EVERAL Lister. Douglas or similar Auto Trucks re ^ requirements stocked.—Edwardes Bros., 20, Black S quired. Please state price and where they can be friars Road, London, S.E.l. 6427 inspected.—Box 814, c/o The Electrical Review. .R.S. Cables and Flexibles, Welding Cables, supplied SWITCHES, in line. 3-heat, 2 to 10 amp., urgently T to M.O.S. requirements.—Edwardes Bros., 20. Black required.—A. Gallenkamp & Co. Ltd., Finsbury Sq., friars Road, London, S.E.l. 6428 E C 2 6344 WO dish-ended Lancashire Boilers by Danks, 30' X RGENTLY wanted, Autom. Kohler Sets. 800 and T 7' 6". for 125 lbs. working pressure.—Thomas Mitchell U 1,500 watts, 110 volt, any cond. Full details to— & Sons Limited, Bolton. 748 Box 830. c/o The Electrical Review. orr-h.p., new, totally enclosed. Brooks, 415-volts. 3- \\T ANTED, Rotary Converters, any size.—Universal, phase, 50-cycle, slipring, continuously rated Motor, » » 221, City Road, London. E.C.l. 22 complete with starting equipment.—Britannia Manufac W f ANTED, 15-h.p., 415/3/50, slip ring Motor, 720 or turing Co. Ltd., 22/26, Britannia Walk. London, N.I. 842 ▼ ▼ 960 r.p.m., with starting gear.—Fyfe. Wilson & Co.. JTC-kVA steam-driven A.C. Generating Set. Browett Ltd.. Bishop’s Stortford. 838 • Lindley two-crank compound vertical Engine coupled to English Electric Company's Alternator. — Thomas Mitchell & Sons Limited. Bolton. 747 WORK WANTED AND OFFERED QC-kW , 240-volt. L.D.M.. single-bearing Dynamo. 720 O eJ r.p.m.—S. C. Bilsby, Crosswells road, Langley, nr. Birmingham. Broadwell 1359. 770 MOTOR REPA IRS 1 n n ^ -P '. 400/3/50, 580-revs. S.R. E.C.C., 3 brgs., ± \ J \ J wjth switchgear.—Greenhalgh Bros., Burtons EWINDING and Repairs. Small Motors and Electric Field Mill. Atherton, nr. M/cr. 741 R Tools rewound and repaired by firm having long O pr/ykV A Alternator, 400 volts. 3-phase, 59 cycles. 750 experience in this work. Guaranteed work and prompt revs., with direct coupled exciter.—Midland Coun service. Large assortment of Motors available from stock. ties Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd., Grice Street, Spon Lane, West Bromwich. SOUTHERN IGNITION CO. LTD., d O Q kW Metropolitan-Vickers Convertor Set, complete 190, THORNTON RD.. with booster, exciter and starring motor, 11.000 CROYDON. volts. 3-phase. 50 cycles. 400 kW. 250 volts D.C., with THOmton Heath 4276-8. 37 transformer and H.T. switchgear.—Britannia Manufac turing Co. Ltd., 22/26, Britannia Walk, London. N.I. 843 REWINDING AND REPAIRS Electric Motors, Dynamos, Transformers, Con- verters, etc., etc., at low prices.—S. C. Bilsby, A.M.I.C.E., A.M.I.E.E.. Crosswells Road. Langley, near TXT’E rewind and repair any motors, A.C. or D.C., from Birmingham. Phone. Broadwell 1359. 21 * » 1 h.p. to 500 h.p. Motors lent while repairs are being 0 0 0 'k ,p‘ Metro-Vickers Rolling Mill Motor, carried out. Established over 24 years. 3/50/5,500 volts, 184 r.p.m., low price.- Box 769, c/o The Electrical Review. W. H. SUGDEN & CO. LTD., 0 0 f V kW’ 440/500-volt D.C. Howden/English Elec Glenny Road, Barking, Essex. trie geared Tutrbo Generator Set, surface 2 Phone, Rippleway 3302. condenser, circulating pumps and switch panel.—Thomas 48 Mitchell & Sons Limited, Bolton. 746 100,000 yards 2-m/m. Vulcanised Rubber Flexible Lead-in Wire. 6 x .012". from stock.- .C. and D.C. Rewinding and Repairs, Small Motors and Box 831, c/o The Electrical Review. A Electric Tools, guaranteed work.—W. Burgess, 297. Romford Road. Forest Gate, E.7. Maryland 2237. 6405 RMATURE. Rotor and Stator rewinds and repairs, ARTICLES WANTED A fractional to 60 h.p. Prompt deliveries.—T. A. Boxall CCUMULATOR Plates (old) and lead Peroxide; as & Co., Horley, Surrey. Phone 654. 6373 A actual smelters we pay top price. Also old storage LECTRICAL Measuring Instruments skilfully repaired batteries, transformers and whole installations purchased. E and recalibrated. — Electrical Instruments Repair —Elton. Levy & Co. Ltd.. 18. St. Thomas Street. S.E.l. Service. “ Stanimede,” Forlease Road. Maidenhead. 6340 Hop 2825-6. 39 X^IRM of Electric Lamp manufacturers wish to contact AKELITE Moulding Presses. Two hydraulic. 50-100 firm with facilities for colour spraying of large quan B tons, downstroke. Full details to—Box 6404, c/o tities of lamps. Give full details of capacity to—Box 819, The Electrical Review. c/o The Electrical Review. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 73 IM^J^NG f I . 7 ' uaiueb up LO 05 61 in. AUCTION NOTICES « ï ^ lands 4871. ------v-n-yaon. Up- Croydon. M EASuklNG Instrument Repairs. All makes of meters On 1st, 2nd & 3rd November, 1944. -UX and instruments skilfully repaired by experts. Prompt service for essential purposes.—Runbaken Electrical Re An IMPORTANT THREE DAYS’ SALE of pairs. Meter Dept. (Q52). Manchester. 1 . 54 ^ c t r . c a l , m a c h i n e t o o l s , b o o t r e p a i r i n g T3 EPAIRS. Clockwork Controllers. Time Switches & LAUNDRY & DRY CLEANING MACHINERY, XV Clocks and every kind of clockwork appliance used in connection with electricity repaired quickly by skilled GENERAL PLANT & EQUIPMENT, staff. Inquiries welcomed. Representative will call in m comprising London area if required.—J. W. & R. E. Hughes. 58. q" &. H i ” e n g r a v i n g m a c h i n e . Victoria Street, London. S.W .l. Phone. Victoria 0134’. m ^’9; bathes. “ Jones Shipman ” and 6417 " P r n tM 6 PS-l e Drills, Screwing Machines, innSi * rieMi Tfe,e,ad Milling Machines. Key Seater. rpRANSFORMERS, single and three-phase. All types 100 Electric Drills. Pillar and Bench Drills, Flexible -L up to 10 kVA.—Woden Transformer Co. (Phone. Grinders. Kango ’ Hammer, Buck Welding Plant. Bilston 41959), Moxley Road. Bilston. Staffs. 11 Power Presses, E have an up-to-date plant for Vacuum Impregnating 1,000 Lots Small Tools, including Stillsons, Pipe Wrenches. W large or small motors, transformers, etc. Enquiry Planes. Tube Expanders. Shears. Raw Hide Mallets. is invited.—Brandon Electrical Engineering Co. (Leeds) Beaver and Oster ” Diestock. ” Miller Falls *’ Drill Ltd., A.I.D. Approved No. 5145/43, Nancroft Mount. Chucks. Magnetic Lathe Chucks. Box Spanners. Soldering Chapel Lane, Armley, Leeds, 12. 808 Irons. Bolt Croppers. Assorted Files. Hacksaw Blades. Split Pins, Rivets. Machine and Bench Vices. Tinsmiths’ Dollies, Fitters’ Tripods. Footprints. Hammers, etc. AGENCIES 100 ELECTRIC MOTORS up to 30 h.p. GENCIES required for London, South of England, for Switchgear. Generators, Power Plant and Transmission. A the following: (1) Domestic electrical appliances: Air and Gas Compressors, Coke and Gas-fired Boilers. (2) Brass electrical accessories, switch plugs, etc.: (3) Con Petrol Engines. Gear Units. Feed and other Pumps. Water duit. Advertisers have clientele with every wholesaler in Heaters, Tanks, Oil. Water Softeners. Domestic Washing the territory mentioned. Immediate turnover can be and Cleaning Machines. guaranteed. Either commission or buying basis. Post SHOP. OFFICE AND CANTEEN EQUIPMENT, war arrangements considered.—Box 64, c/o The Elec including “ National ” Cash Register. Roll Top Desks. trical Review. Files, Safe. Time Recorders. Time Cards and Racks. GENCIES required. South of England, including the Still ” Coffee Machine. Gas Stove, Elec. Heaters, etc. A London area: (a) Cables: (b) Small Switchgear; (c) 30-cwt. “ DENNIS ” and 12-cwt. *’JOWETT ” VANS. Transformers: or any lines suitable for distribution for ON VIEW ONE WEEK BEFORE THE SALE. wholesalers’ business.—Box 40. c/o The Electrical Review. Periodical Sales are held at our Auction Rooms, and GENT required for the Lancashire. Cheshire and/or enquiries are invited from those with Plant for Sale. A Yorkshire area by manufacturers of Electrical Measur ing Instruments. Must be technically qualified and have Catalogues may be had from the Auctioneers. existing connection in the electrical manufacturing and D. R. WERNER & CO., radio trade.—Box 755. c/o The Electrical Review. HASTINGS HOUSE. GENTS, with established connections in the electrical NORFOLK STREET, LONDON. W.C.2. A manufacturing and kindred trades, required by a TEMple Bar 5161 (3 lines). London firm of electrical insulation materials manufac 816 turers for the following districts:—(a) Birmingham and Counties in that belt: (b) Manchester and Counties in that belt: (c) Scotland—preferably with offices in Glasgow: PARTNERSHIPS (d) London and Southern Counties: (e) with export con nections (state markets covered). Reply, giving details OMMERCIAL Electrical Engineer, M.I.E.E.. desires of type of contacts, suggested terms, counties covered, C active interest firm of manufacturers, wholesalers, and state if own office organisation. Replies treated in domestic appliances, insulating materials, etc. Excellent strictest confidence.—Box 845, c/o The Electrical Review. connections. Location Birmingham.—Box 6402. c/o The Electrical Review. T^ORMER Representative of Dutch- technical trading company, with extensive branch office system in Dutch NGINEER, with switchgear and transformer experi East Indies, seeks contact with British firms of repute E ence, seeks active interest in established firm.— desiring to prepare for post-war export. Write—Box C.219. Box 6415, c/o The Electrical Review. Willings. 362. Gray’s Inn Road, London, W.C.l. 815 T^RENCH Electrical Engineer. 4 years’ industrial ex- perience in England, good industrial connexions in PATENT NOTICES France, would like contact British Electrical Manufac 'VTOTICE is hereby given that Zenith Radio Corporation turers. view post-war representation abroad.—Box 6413. seek leave to amend the specification of Letters Patent c/o The Electrical Review. No. 552943. entitled “ Wav« amplitude limiting device for T ANCASHIRE Traveller, resident Manchester, seeks an signal transmission systems.” Particulars of the proposed Agency with Electrical Engineers manufacturing amendment were set forth in the Official Journal (Patents), domestic heating appliances. Address—Box 6410, c/o No. 2906. dated October 4th, 1944. Any person may give The Electrical Review. Notice of Opposition to the amendment by leaving Patents T ONDON Wholesalers (Manufacturers’ Agents and Form No. 19 at the Patent Office, 25, Southampton Build Import-Exporters), with excellent connections and ings. London, W.C.2, on or before the 4th November. representatives throughout the U.K.. require new lines 1944. 822 for home trade: Electrical articles, fancy goods, fancy jewellery, etc. Prepared to act as distributing agents. Showrooms available if necessary. Write—Box 749. c/o MISCELLANEOUS The Electrical Review. ON’T Disclose Your Plans. Produce blue prints and llTANUFACrURERS’ Agents, covering the whole of D black line copies, etc.. in your own office, without glass B“-*- Great Britain and Colonies, are desirous of contact frame, privately and economically. ” Arcoflex ” Copiers ing manufacturers with a view to sole selling rights (either from 28 shillings. As supplied to H.M. Government.— commission or buying), post-war arrangements considered. W. A. Boughton. 53, Kenley Road, Merton, S.W.19. 43 —Box 23. c/o The Electrical Review. ART-time work wanted by three experienced designers. /^LD-established Electrical Wholesale Firm, with sound P Development from engineers’ roughs, etc.. etc.. and ^ finances, large industrial connections, several branches, production of finished drawings. 60 hrs. per week. Strictest showrooms and warehouses in London and the Provinces, confidence and accurate, high quality work assured.—Box open to accept agencies, buying or selling. Opportunity for 6338, c/o The Electrical Review. first-class manufacturers to establish close contacts for post war development.—Box 798, c/o The Electrical Review. HOTOGRAPHY, a photograph says more than a ADIO, Electrical Dealer desires agencies: equipment, P thousand words. Realistic photographs for cata R spares solder irons, tools, instruments, radios, lamps, logues. brochures and general reproduction purposes for etc., etc. Write—Goldies Radio, 359, Paul Kruger Street. present and after-the-war uses. Records made of present Pretoria, South Africa. 63'5 work, premises, etc.—Miles & Kaye Ltd.. Industrial Photo e p re s e n ta tiv e s with good connections wanted for graphers. 100, Southampton Row. London. W.C.l. Tele R non-ring to p s-—Box 41, c/o The Electrical Review. phone, HOLbom 6858. Established over 50 years. 723 7 4 (Supplement) Electrical R e v ie w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 BUSINESSES FOR SALE AND WANTED /"'10NTB0LLING interest of highly technical Electrical Machinery Manufacturers for disposal, £12,000/15,000. —Box 836, c/o The Electrical Review. EDUCATIONAL NOTICES LATEST A.M .I.E.E. RESULTS N the recent Examinations held by the Institution of I Electrical Engineers 477 Candidates sat who had taken B.I.E.T. courses. Of these 457 were successful in passing the examinations. We believe this record of 457 successes out of 477 entrants has never before been approached by any oral or correspçndence tutorial organisation, and indicates the very high efficiency of the modern system of Technical Training which we have laid dow n. The B.I.E.T. tutorial organisation is waiting to assist you either with a short specialist course or complete training for a recognised examination. We have available a large full-time staff of instructors, while the efficiency of our extensive organisation is a byword among engineers. W E G U A R A N T E E — “ NO P A S S — NO F E E ” May we send a copy of " ENGINEERING OPPOR TUNITIES ” ? Containing a great deal of useful advice and detailed information on over 200 Home-Study Courses and examinations, this handbook is of very real value to M.S.M. are specialist manu the ambitious engineer. facturers of tilting type mercury Our highly informative' handbook will be sent FREE and without obligation on request. switches suitable for instrument BRITISH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING work, domestic and industrial ap TECHNOLOGY. paratus and power control gear. Established 1927—over 200,000 students. 12, Shakespeare House, 17, 18 & 19, Stratford Place, THE MERCURY SWITCH MANUFACTURING Oxford Street, London, W .l. WEST DRAYTON, CO' LTD' MIDDLESEX 33 Great Possibilities for TECHNICALLY QUALIFIED ENGINEERS Key Men in W ar-Tim e and A fterw ards fTlHE finest posts and the great majority of posts in Great Britain in this war are technical. The same will be the case when the war is over. Tne vast increase in mechanisation now being applied to war purposes will then be suitably utilised in reconstruction, and in trade and commerce. Take a recognised Engineering Quali fication through home-study with the T.T.G.B.. whose Students have gained 35 FIRST PLACES in th e A.M.Inst.C.E., A.M.I.E.E . A.M.I.Mech.E., A.F.R.Ae.S., etc.. examinations. Write to-day for " The Engineer’s Guide to Success,” containing the world’s widest choice of engineering Courses—over 200—covering all branches : Electrical. Aeronautical. Mechtnical, Wireless, etc. THE TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GT. BRITAIN, 35. Temple Bar House. London. E.C.4. 77 4 LICHFIELD TERRACE, RICHMOND S U R R E Y Richmond 0222 & 4680 u ctober 27, 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w ( Supplement) 7 5 DENNIS SWITCH6EAR The Solder Wire with 3 Cores of Non-corrosive Flux. 0 Avoids Dry Joints. 0 Speedily makes Sound Joints on Dirty or Oxydised Surfaces 0 Always Correct Pro portions of Flux and S o ld e r. 0 No additional Flux r e q u i r e d . 0 Approved by Air Ministry and G.P.O. FREE SPECIALISTS IN FUSES. DISTRIBUTION ‘' Technical Notes on BOARDS, SWITCH FUSES. SWITCH Soldering" and samples BOARDS. CONTROL PANELS. ETC. sent free on request to firms engaged on Government Contracts. MULTICORE SOLDERS, LTD. Commonwealth House, _ . MICHAELS ST. CHESTER. 3 7 6 ° / ! London, W .C.l. LONDON OFFICE-ABFORD HOUSE, WILTON RD., S.W .I T el.: Chancery 5171/2. Telephone : Victoria 5780 r o u s e r W ' ^a n dNCV W D VV^ H ; . (or 1 'Phone ava\Vab'e or Coll R° JOHNSON, CLAPHAM & MORRIS L T D . Sold under the names SCRUIT, TENBY, “ G ” SCRUIT WHOLESALE ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTORS Made by V. G. MANUFACTURING CO., LTD., Gorst Road, 7-9, SWAN STREET. MANCHESTER. 4. Park Royal, London, N.W.10. Distributors: S. O. Bowker, Ltd., Regent Row, ’Phone: DEAnsgate S49 I Birmingham, and GEE (Birmingham), Ltd., 249 HEAD OFFICE : JACEM HOUSE. TRAFFORD PARR. M/c 17. Icknield Street, Birmingham. 7 6 ( Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 PAGE Easco Electrical Service ...... 48 Index to Advertisers Edison Swan Electric Co. Ltd ...... C o v e r i Elcordia Ltd ...... 60 PAGE Electro Dynamic Construction Co. Ltd ...... 52 Aerialite Ltd ...... 30 E le ctro M e th o d s L td ...... 78 Agro Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 62 Elliott Bros. (London) Ltd ...... 24 Armorduct Cable Co. Ltd Cover iii English Electric Co. Ltd ...... 9 Association of Steel Conduit M anufacturers. .. .Cover ii Ensel Electric Co. Ltd ...... 44 Epheta Manufacturing Co ...... 58 Baldwins Ltd ...... 19 Evans, F. W., Ltd ...... 80 B.E.N. Patents Ltd ...... 78 B erry ’s E lectric L td ...... 40 Ferranti Ltd ...... II Bill Switchgear Ltd ...... 3 Fowler, John, & Co. (Leeds) Ltd ...... 65 Birkbys Ltd ...... 79 Gibson, Todd & Co. Ltd ...... 48 Bolton, Thomas, & Sons Ltd ...... 61 Godwin, H. J., Ltd ...... 27 Bowker, S. O., Ltd ...... 36 Britannic Electric Cable & Construction Co. Ltd.. . . 65 Harrison & Co. (Lincoln)...... 52 British Electrical & Allied M anufacturers Assoc. ... 66 Heatrae Ltd ...... 1 British Insulated Cables Ltd ...... 18 Heayberd, F. C., & Co. Ltd ...... 43 British Thomson-Houston Co. Ltd ...... 5 Heenan & Froude Ltd ...... 37 B ro o k M o to rs L td ...... 15 Henley’s, W. T., Telegraph W orks Co. Ltd ...... 13 & 77 Brookhirst Switchgear Ltd ...... 55 Heyes & Co. Ltd ...... 8 Bruce Peebles & Co. Ltd ...... 2 Igranie Electric Co. Ltd ...... 50 Brush Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 45 Ingram, Kemp & Joyner ...... 62 Bulpitt & Sons Ltd Cover iii Ismay, John, & Sons Ltd ...... 60 Canning, W., & Co. Ltd ...... i...... 12 Jo h n s o n & P h illip s L td ...... 31 Chloride Electrical Storage Co. Ltd ...... 48 Johnson, Richard, Clapham & Morris Ltd ...... 75 Clarke, H., & Co. (Manchester) Ltd ...... 50 Concordia Electric Wire & Cable Co. Ltd ...... 3 Kimber, B., Allen & Co ...... 60 Cork Manufacturing Co. Ltd Cover iv L o n d e x L td ...... 80 Crompton Parkinson Ltd 4, 23 & 59 London Electric Wire Co. and Smiths Ltd ...... 16 Crypton Equipment Ltd ...... 34 Low, Archibald, Electrics Ltd ...... 76 Cryselco Ltd ...... 28 Mallory Metallurgical Products Ltd ...... 43 D a c ie r L td ...... 52 Manganese Bronze & Brass Co. Ltd ...... 57 Daly (Condensers) Ltd ...... 44 M artindale Electric Co. Ltd ...... 41 De La Rue Plastics Ltd ...... 7 Mather & Platt Ltd ...... 47 Dennis, G. P., Ltd ...... 75 McKechnie Bros. Ltd ...... 39 Donovan Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 80 M.C.L. & Repetition Ltd ...... 1 Drake & Gorham Wholesale Ltd ...... 8 Medway Corrugated Paper Co. Ltd ...... 53 Drayton Regulator & Instrument Co. Ltd ...... 60 Dyson & Co. Enfield (1919) Ltd ...... 58 (Continued on page 78) C'°ber n , 1944 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w ( Supplement) 7 7 THAOE M*R" INDUSTRIAL ELECTRIC APPLIANCES SOLON ELECTRIC SOLDERING IRON SOLON ELECTRIC INSULATION STRIPPER SOLON Industrial Electric Appliances are designed for practical use under factory conditions. They are robust and efficient. The Soldering Iron illustrated is repre sentative of a range which includes models with various types of bits suitable for a wide variety of jobs. The Insulation Stripper provides a quick method of severing the insulation neatly without damaging the conductor, by means of an electrically heated wire. The Solc’er Pot maintains Jib. solder at working temperature. Please write for Folder Y9. w. T. HENLEY’S TELEGRAPH WORKS CO., LTD. MILTON COURT, WESTCOTT, DORKING, SURREY 78 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w October 27, 1944 Index to Advertisers (Continued from page 76) PAGE Mercury Switch Mfg. Co. Ltd ...... 74 Metallic Seamless Tube Co. Ltd ...... 27 Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 17 & 33 Metway Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 80 Midland Dynamo Co. Ltd ...... 62 M id la n d E lectric M fg. C o . L td ...... 29 Moulded Products Ltd ...... 80 M ullard Wireless Service Co. Ltd ...... 46 RELAYS Multicore Solders Ltd ...... 75 New Insulation Co. Ltd ...... 46 with Mercury and Metal Contacts Newalls Insulation Co. Ltd ...... 44 Nife Batteries Ltd ...... 63 Photostat Ltd ...... 25 Pirelli-General Cable Works Ltd ...... 14 AUTOHATK *TEMPERATURE Pope’s Electric Lamp Co. Ltd ...... 20 Pressed Steel Co. Ltd ...... 27 Pritchett & Gold & E.P.S. Co. Ltd ...... 56 CONTROLLERS Pyrene Co. Ltd ...... 56 R ev o E lectric C o . L td ...... 26 Reyrolle, A., & Co. Ltd ...... 22 Robinson, Lionel, & Co. Ltd ...... 25 Ross Courtney & Co. Ltd ...... 1 HUMIDITY* (0HTR01 Rotoplunge Pump Co. Ltd...... 60 Rowlands Electrical Accessories Ltd ...... 10 Runbaken Electrical Products ...... 78 Sangamo Weston Ltd ...... 40 Sankey, Joseph, & Sons Ltd ...... 49 PRECISION WIRE-WOUID S. & D. Rivet Co ...... 54 Siegrist, E., Ltd ...... 58 Siemens Electric Lamps & Supplies Ltd ...... 2 RESISTORS Simplex Electric Co. Ltd ...... 35 Spicers Ltd ...... C o v e r iii St. Helens Cable & Rubber Co. Ltd ...... 38 Statter, J. G., & Co. Ltd ...... 32 Sternaw Co. Ltd ...... 74 EARTH PROTECTION Symonds, R. H., Ltd ...... 74 Butcher-Black & Decker System Thom Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 64 T.M.C.-Harwell (Sales) Ltd ...... 62 Tonks, H., & Co ...... 51 Transradio Ltd ...... 54 Tungstalite Ltd ...... 76 Uhlhorn Bros. Ltd ...... 54 Vandervelde, L ...... 78 Veritys Ltd ...... 41 Instantly detects faults in ) V.. G . M a n u fa c tu rin g C o . L td ...... 75 — Walsall Conduits Ltd ...... 6 Armatures & Coil Windinqs Ward & Goldstone Ltd ...... 42 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. Ltd ...... 21 Westminster Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 1 A C or D C. W rig h t, B indley & G ell L td ...... 77 Yorkshire Electric Transformer Co. Ltd ...... 46 Send for Leaflet The fact that goods made of raw m aterials in short supply owing to war conditions are advertised in this Q 11. Journal should not be taken as an indication that they are necessarily available for export RUNBAKEN MANCHESTER I J Cut, Split, Gauged &' P ro cessed N L to all shapes, i sizes and ' m w r n i requirements.'' Gnome Works, VARNISHED Stansted, Essex, I INSULATING SLEEVING | TELEP&TELEC?: JI// enga/r/es ’ STANSTED 326i o r a m p t/y B E N PATENTS LTD., HIGH WYCOMBE cfea/t w/Ü, October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 79 asiics can take it “ Off with his head,” said fo r,” said the machine, “ to the “ Impact Machine.” Alice test how much these plastic pricked her ears up. She’d parts can stand up to in the heard that one before. The way of a direct blow amidships. old Queen was always saying it If they can stand up to my when she got into a bad temper. punches they can certainly “ W hy off with its head ! ” take it,” and so saying, she asked. he struck out mightily “ That's what I’m here once more. P 1 A S 1 1 C S Full reliable information and data from Research Section, BIRKBYS Ltd., Liversedge, Yorkshire 8 0 (Supplem ent) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 From the simplest MOULDING to the most complex job ÎWÉÊ CHESTER ROAD TYBURN BIRMINGHAM L i v / i V fPRODUCTSy ADAPTORS W * " ® Note the tongue which FOR FLEXIBLE METALLIC TUBES ensures perfect and pern anent contact. Easy to fix. Nuts cannot Wrile for Catalogue N? 13431 turn All sizes from half to two Inches THE 00N0VAN ELECTRICAL CO. LTD METWAY SÎn d ur s ^ i T !es LTD.LTD.» ¿ to BIRMINGHAM 9 KING ST. BRIGHTON. 1. 4456 Electrical Manufacturers and Stockholders BAKELITE------— LONDEX REMOTE FLOW INDICATOR-. If Flow M O U L D IN G S AND Ceases : Æ i i i r (1 ) M o to r -----— ERINOID trip p e d t o a n y TURNINGS automatically i i .n Ł SPECIFICATION (2 ) V is u a l T. Sig n al FREDERICK W. EVANS LTD. A»k fo r leaflet 102/ER I PLASTIC WORKS LONG ACRE, BIRMINGHAM 7 L 0 N D E X • L T D T E L E P H O N E : E A S t I2B6 & 1287 MANUFACTURERS OF RELAYS Av*orksY 207 ANERUT ROAD- L0ND0N S E-20 P rin te d in G re a t B rita in a t THE CHAPEL RIVER PRESS, A ndover, H a n ts, a n d published by ELECTRICAL REVIEW, LIMITED at Dorset House, Stamford Street, London, S.E.l. October 2 7 , 1 9 4 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w iii ILES P.V.C. CABLES to STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS ARMORDUCT CABLE CO. LTD. 256 WESTMINSTER BRIDGE ROAD, S.E.I Phone: WATerloo 6056/7 and at BIRMINGHAM - LEEDS BRISTOL <£ LO N G EA T O N In these days of tremendous war effort where high quality in materials is o f paramount importance “ Sistoflex” remains unsurpassed SPICERS LIMITED 19 NEW BRIDGE ST., LONDON, E.C.4. Telephone: CENTRAL 4211 CORK MANUFACTURING CO. LTD., South Chingford, London, E.4 Telephone : Silverihorn 2666 (7 lines) (Associated with Flexo Plywood Industries Ltd.)