DOCSLIB.ORG

Gaming, Governance and Public Policy in Macao

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gaming, Governance and Public Policy in Macao Gaming, Governance and Public Policy in Macao Edited by Newman M. K. Lam and Ian Scott Hong Kong University Press 14/F Hing Wai Centre 7 Tin Wan Praya Road Aberdeen Hong Kong www.hkupress.org © Hong Kong University Press 2011 ISBN 978-988-8083-28-2 (Hardback) ISBN 978-988-8083-29-9 (Paperback) University of Macau Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa Macau, China www.umac.mo All rights reserved. No portion of this publication my be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound by Liang Yu Printing Factory Ltd. in Hong Kong, China Contents List of Figures, Plates and Tables vii Preface xi Abbreviations and Acronyms xv A Note on the Place Name and the Currency xvii List of Contributors xix 1. Social Stability and Economic Growth 1 Ian Scott Part I The Gaming Industry and Its Critics 2. The Development of the Gaming Industry and Its Impact on 19 Land Use Penny Wan and Francisco V. Pinheiro 3. The Impact of Gaming Liberalisation on Public Opinion and 37 Political Culture Newman M. K. Lam Part II Governance 4. Executive-Legislative Relationships and the Development of 57 Public Policy Eilo Yu Wing Yat 5. Challenges and Threats to Traditional Associations 75 Annie Lee Shuk Ping vi Contents 6. Civil Service Reform: Building Basic Administrative Capacity 89 Brian Brewer 7. Improving Productivity through Ef¿ ciency Wages: The Case of 107 the Civil Service Jeannette Taylor Part III Public Policy 8. Labour Policy: Resolving the Mismatch between Demand and 129 Supply Grace O. M. Lee 9. Labour Regulation in the Liberalised Casino Economy: The Case 145 of the Croupiers Alex H. Choi and Eva P. W. Hung 10. Education Governance and Reform: Bringing the State Back In 163 Joan Y. H. Leung 11. Housing Policy: A Neoliberal Agenda? 183 James Lee 12. Social Welfare Policy: A ‘Flexible’ Strategy? 197 Chan Kam Wah and James Lee Part IV Conclusions 13. Gaming, Governance and Public Policy: Constraints and 217 Opportunities Ian Scott and Newman M. K. Lam Appendix: Timeline Macao 1999–2010 225 Notes and References 243 Selected Bibliography 269 Index 283 List of Figures, Plates and Tables Figures 1.1 Economic Growth and Social Stability: Four Different Scenarios 3 1.2 Regime Characteristics in Four Scenarios 4 1.3 The Decline in Employment in Manufacturing, 1990–2008 7 1.4 Homicides, 1997–2008 8 1.5 Rate of Growth of Gross Domestic Product in Real Terms, 1991– 9 2001 1.6 Growth in Foreign Investment, 2001–2008 11 1.7 Rate of Growth of Gross Domestic Product in Real Terms, 2001– 11 2008 2.1 Percentage of Gaming Revenues to Government Income, 1998– 25 2008 6.1 Organization Chart of the Macao Government 92 7.1 Ef¿ ciency Wage Ratio and Elasticity of Effort of the Macao Civil 118 Service, 1998–2009 7.2 Ef¿ ciency Wage Ratio and Elasticity of Effort of the Macao 119 Workforce by Industry 7.3 Annual Percentage Change in Public Sector Wages and Private 122 Sector Wages and InÀ ation in Macao, 1998–2009 11.1 House Price to Income Ratio, 2002–2006 194 Plates 2.1 The Flagship Casinos of the Macao Casino Industry after p. 28 2.2 Height Restrictions near Guia Hill after p. 28 2.3 The Oceanus Casino after p. 28 viii List of Figures, Plates and Tables Tables 2.1 Number of Casinos and Tables, 2002–2009 25 2.2 Growth Pattern of Revenue from Different Gaming Activities, 26 2002–2008 (in millions MOP) 2.3 Changes in the Unemployment Rate, the Total Employed Population 26 and the Employed Population in the Gaming Sector, 2002–2009 2.4 Comparison of Employment in the Gaming Industry with Other 27 Major Employment Sectors, 2004–2008 2.5 Visitor Arrivals by Top Three Places of Origin, 2002–2009 27 3.1 Association between Gender and Opinion of Gaming Liberalisation 41 3.2 Association between Gender and Job Type 41 3.3 Association between Gender and Residency 42 3.4 Association between Gender and Knowledge of Gaming 42 Liberalisation 3.5 Association between Family Income and Opinion of Gaming 43 Liberalisation 3.6 Association between Education and Opinion of Gaming 44 Liberalisation 3.7 Association between Age and Opinion of Gaming Liberalisation 45 3.8 Perceived Conditions after Gaming Liberalisation 45 3.9 Association between Perceived Conditions and Key Variables 46 3.10 Views on the Gaming Industry 47 3.11 Association between Views on Gaming Industry and Key Variables 48 3.12 Views on the Effects of the Booming Gaming Industry 49 3.13 Association between Views on the Gaming Boom and Key 49 Variables 3.14 Views on Foreign Investment 50 3.15 Association between Views on Foreign Investment and Key 51 Variables 3.16 Responsibility for Social Problems 52 3.17 Responsibility for High Property Prices 52 3.18 Policy Preference for Foreign Gaming Investment 53 4.1 Composition of the Legislative Assembly 59 4.2 Number of Laws and Decree Laws, 2000–2009 60 4.3 The Budget of the Macao Government, 2000–2009 (in billions 64 MOP) 4.4 Number of Written Enquiries Submitted by Legislators 66 5.1 Number of Registered Associations 77 5.2 Results of Legislative Assembly Elections, 2001, 2005 and 2009 82 List of Figures, Plates and Tables ix 5.3 Appointments of Legislative Assembly Members to Chinese 84 Consultative Committees, 2005, 2009 5.4 Subsidies Granted by the Macao Foundation 88 6.1 Macao Civil Servants Born in Portugal 91 6.2 The Macao Civil Service: Secretariats and Bureaus 92 6.3 Macao Civil Service Establishment by Department, 2008 94 6.4 Macao Civil Service, 1980–2008 95 6.5 Control of Corruption: Hong Kong/Macao Comparison 98 7.1 Salary Points of Macao Civil Servants, 2009 112 7.2 Ef¿ ciency Wage Ratio and Elasticity of Effort of the Macao Civil 118 Service, 1998–2009 7.3 Ef¿ ciency Wage Ratio and Elasticity of Effort of the Civil Service 120 in Selected Countries, 2005 7.4 Total Factor Productivity of the Macao Workforce and Public 122 Sector Workforce, 1998–2008 8.1 Employed Population by Industry in 1999 and 2009 130 8.2 Employed Population by Occupation in 1999 and 2009 131 8.3 The Number of People Employed in the Gaming Industry, 2003– 131 2009 8.4 The Number of Imported Workers, 2001–2009 131 8.5 Unemployment Rate, 1999–2009 132 8.6 Number of Vacancies in the Gaming Industry, 2004–2009 (by 140 Position) 8.7 Unemployed by Age Group in 2009 140 8.8 Number of Vacancies in 2008 and 2009 (by Industry) 142 8.9 Employed Population by Educational Attainment in 1999 and 2009 143 10.1 State Construction of the Macao Education System, 1991–2009 167 10.2 Number of Schools and Students within/outside the Free Education 169 System, 2008–2009 10.3 Number of Public and Private Schools in Macao, 2008–2009 172 10.4 Number of Students in Public and Private Schools, 2008–2009 172 10.5 Education Committee of Macao: Members and Their Institutional 174 Af¿ liations 10.6 Employed Population by Educational Attainment: Macao, Hong 177 Kong and Singapore 10.7 Number of Student Drop-outs, 2003–2007 178 10.8 Academic Attainment and Rate of Further Studies of Secondary 178 Students in Macao 10.9 Number of Macao Students Receiving Higher Education (by Place 179 of Study) 10.10 Classi¿ cation of Schools According to the Medium of Instruction, 180 2002–2008 x List of Figures, Plates and Tables 11.1 Neoliberal Urbanisation and Its Impact on Institutional Change 188 11.2 House Price InÀ ation, 2002–2006 189 11.3 The Macao Gaming Economy, Population and Housing 190 11.4 Transaction Values of Residential Units Bought under the 4 Percent 192 Interest Subsidy Scheme (in MOP billions) 11.5 Annual Growth of Monthly Income, Real GDP and House Price 193 11.6 The Macao Housing System, 2009 194 11.7 Social Housing Units: Year of Construction and Type by Year 195 11.8 Construction of Economic Housing Units, 1981–2006 195 12.1 Traditional Associations in Charity Work, 2002 199 12.2 Current Revenue and Expenditure of the Social Security Fund (in 202 millions MOP) 12.3 Number of Recipients and Payments and Subsidies Granted by the 203 Social Security Fund by Type, 2008 12.4 Number of Social Services/Facilities by Type of Service 204 12.5 Social Services Expenditure by Item (in millions MOP) 205 12.6 Recurrent Subsidies for NGOs and Traditional Associations, 2008 206 12.7 Selected Cash Subsidies 208 List of Contributors Brian BREWER is Associate Professor in the Department of Public and Social Administration at the City University of Hong Kong. CHAN Kam Wah is Associate Professor in the Department of Applied Social Sciences at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Alex H. CHOI is Assistant Professor in the Department of Government and Public Administration at the University of Macau. Eva P. W. HUNG is Assistant Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Macau. Newman M. K. LAM is Associate Professor in the Department of Government and Public Administration at the University of Macau. Annie LEE Shuk Ping is with the Macao Productivity and Technology Transfer Center.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • China Data Supplement
    China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the
    [Show full text]
  • Do Smoking Bans Always Hurt the Gaming Industry? Differentiated Impacts on the Market Value of Casino Firms in Macao
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Zhang, Jing Hua; Tam, Kwo Ping; Zhou, Nan Article Do smoking bans always hurt the gaming industry? Differentiated impacts on the market value of casino firms in Macao Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal Provided in Cooperation with: Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW) Suggested Citation: Zhang, Jing Hua; Tam, Kwo Ping; Zhou, Nan (2016) : Do smoking bans always hurt the gaming industry? Differentiated impacts on the market value of casino firms in Macao, Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, ISSN 1864-6042, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW), Kiel, Vol. 10, Iss. 2016-28, pp. 1-32, http://dx.doi.org/10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2016-28 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/147482 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
    China Data Supplement March 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 31 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 54 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 58 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 65 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 69 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 March 2008 The Main National Leadership of the
    [Show full text]
  • Lionel Leong Is Warning of a Weak Quarter on Poor
    FOUNDER & PUBLISHER Kowie Geldenhuys EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Paulo Coutinho www.macaudailytimes.com.mo TUESDAY T. 26º/ 32º Air Quality Good MOP 8.00 3372 “ THE TIMES THEY ARE A-CHANGIN’ ” N.º 10 Sep 2019 HKD 10.00 SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS TOOK THE GOV’T CONFIRMS: PLASTIC ENROLLMENT OF LOCAL CREDIT FOR FOILING FOUR CAR CRASH STUDENTS AT MACAU’S LIARS WHO PRETENDED A PASSENGER BAGS TO BE CHARGED AT UNIVERSITIES HAS DROPPED WAS BEHIND THE WHEEL ONE PATACA EACH 30% IN THE PAST SIX YEARS P2 P3 P3 Taiwan and the Solomon Islands put on a display of friendship yesterday, pledging to deepen ties, even as rumors persist the Pacific nation is close to severing relations in favor of China. More on p11 HEADWINDSLIONEL LEONG IS WARNING OF A WEAK QUARTER ON AHEAD POOR GAMING DATA P6 AP PHOTO AP PHOTO Philippines Five people were honored yesterday as this year’s winners of the Ramon Magsaysay Awards, regarded as Asia’s version of the Nobel Prize, including a South Korean who helped fight suicide and bullying and a Thai housewife who became a human rights defender after losing her husband to violence in southern Thailand. Vietnam is at risk of a 500,000 ton shortage of the meat most of its citizens rely on for daily protein between now and the Lunar New Year in January as African swine fever ravages the nation’s hog herd, according to Ipsos Business Consulting. North Korea State media urged citizens yesterday to “fully mobilize” to rebuild after powerful Typhoon Lingling lashed the country over the weekend, with workers rebuilding electricity networks, salvaging battered crops and helping families whose homes and property were damaged.
    [Show full text]
  • Hong Kong Macau at a Glance: 2001-02
    COUNTRY REPORT Hong Kong Macau At a glance: 2001-02 OVERVIEW The increasing number of protests by various disgruntled interest groups in recent months indicates the potential for increased social discontent, which has remained low-key in recent decades. Tung Chee-hwa’s five-year term of office as chief executive ends in 2002. As he is not directly elected, it is conceivable that he will be returned for a second term even if his current unpopularity is maintained. Real GDP is estimated to expand by 9.7% in 2000, before slowing to 4.8% in 2001 and 4.5% in 2002. After falling by an estimated 3.4% in 2000, consumer prices are expected to start recovering in 2001, rising by 2.3% in 2001 and 3.7% in 2002. The Hong Kong dollar will remain fixed to the US dollar. The current-account surplus is expected to narrow in 2001-02, with the surplus likely to total around US$0.8bn (0.5% of GDP) and US$0.4bn (0.2% of GDP) in 2001 and 2002 respectively. Key changes from last month Political outlook • Speculation is growing that the administration will enact the Basic Law Article 23 provisions, which require the SAR “on its own” to legislate against treason, subversion, sedition and secession. This would undermine press freedoms in the territory. Economic policy outlook • Competition and competitiveness issues have dominated much discussion in the press and among business and government officials over the past quarter, and look set to continue. Pressure for either comprehensive competition policy laws or more active sectoral laws to regulate competition is increasing.
    [Show full text]
  • OFFICIAL RECORD of PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 17
    LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 17 November 2010 2033 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 17 November 2010 The Council met at Eleven o'clock MEMBERS PRESENT: THE PRESIDENT THE HONOURABLE JASPER TSANG YOK-SING, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALBERT HO CHUN-YAN IR DR THE HONOURABLE RAYMOND HO CHUNG-TAI, S.B.S., S.B.ST.J., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LEE CHEUK-YAN DR THE HONOURABLE DAVID LI KWOK-PO, G.B.M., G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE FRED LI WAH-MING, S.B.S., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE MARGARET NG THE HONOURABLE JAMES TO KUN-SUN THE HONOURABLE CHEUNG MAN-KWONG THE HONOURABLE CHAN KAM-LAM, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS SOPHIE LEUNG LAU YAU-FUN, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LEUNG YIU-CHUNG DR THE HONOURABLE PHILIP WONG YU-HONG, G.B.S. 2034 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ─ 17 November 2010 THE HONOURABLE LAU KONG-WAH, J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WONG-FAT, G.B.M., G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MIRIAM LAU KIN-YEE, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE EMILY LAU WAI-HING, J.P. THE HONOURABLE ANDREW CHENG KAR-FOO THE HONOURABLE TIMOTHY FOK TSUN-TING, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE TAM YIU-CHUNG, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ABRAHAM SHEK LAI-HIM, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LI FUNG-YING, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE TOMMY CHEUNG YU-YAN, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE FREDERICK FUNG KIN-KEE, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE AUDREY EU YUET-MEE, S.C., J.P.
    [Show full text]
  • 3690-2021-01-08.Pdf
    FOUNDER & PUBLISHER Kowie Geldenhuys EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Paulo Coutinho www.macaudailytimes.com.mo FRIDAY T. 7º/ 13º Air Quality Bad MOP 8.00 3690 “ THE TIMES THEY ARE A-CHANGIN’ ” N.º 08 Jan 2021 HKD 10.00 THE MEDIA OUTLET PLATAFORMA GOVERNMENT CONSIDERS MAJOR SHAREHOLDER URGES MGM HAS TEMPORARILY SUSPENDED RESORTS TO SELL 20% OF ITS MACAU THE OPERATION OF THEIR ONLINE LAUNCHING THIRD FINANCIAL OPERATION TO CHINESE FIRMS IN LISBON NEWSROOM STIMULUS MEASURES OPEN LETTER P4 P3 P2 AP PHOTO EVA BUCHO EVA China Two former journalists were convicted of defaming a third STABLE AND journalist by publishing an account accusing him of sexual misconduct. A court in Hangzhou ruled that the evidence provided by Zou Sicong and He Qian against prominent IMPROVINGSecretary for Economy and Finance Lei Wai Nong journalist Deng Fei was “not enough to allow forecasts that Macau economy will be ‘stable and someone to firmly believe P3 without any hesitation improving’ in 2021 that what was described truly happened.” The court ordered He and Zou to pay 11,712 yuan in damages. They plan to appeal the ruling. AP PHOTO Japan has declared a state of emergency for Tokyo and three nearby areas as coronavirus cases continue to surge, hitting a daily record of 2,447 in the capital. Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga issued the declaration at the government task force for the coronavirus. It kicks in today until Feb. 7, and centers around asking restaurants and bars to close at 8 p.m. and people to stay home and not mingle in crowds.
    [Show full text]
  • Hong Kong and Macau Commercial Guide
    Hong Kong and Macau Table of Contents Market Overview _________________________________ 8 Hong Kong _____________________________________________ 8 Macau ________________________________________________ 9 Market Challenges __________________________________ 10 Hong Kong ____________________________________________ 10 Macau ________________________________________________ 11 Market Opportunities ________________________________ 11 Hong Kong _____________________________________________ 11 Macau _______________________________________________ 12 Market Entry Strategy ________________________________ 13 Hong Kong ____________________________________________ 13 Macau _______________________________________________ 13 Political Environment _____________________________ 13 Political Environment ________________________________ 13 Selling U.S. Products & Services _______________________ 13 Using an Agent to Sell U.S. Products and Services ________________ 13 Establishing an Office ________________________________ 14 Hong Kong ____________________________________________ 14 Macau _______________________________________________ 15 Franchising ______________________________________ 15 Direct Marketing ___________________________________ 16 Joint Ventures/Licensing ______________________________ 17 Selling to the Government ______________________________ 17 Hong Kong SAR Government Procurement __________________________ 17 Macau SAR Government Procurement ____________________________ 19 Project Financing ___________________________________ 19 Distribution
    [Show full text]
  • VI. Developments in Hong Kong and Macau
    1 VI. Developments in Hong Kong and Macau Hong Kong During the Commission’s 2015 reporting year, massive pro- democracy demonstrations (‘‘Occupy Central’’ or the ‘‘Umbrella Movement’’) took place from September through December 2014, drawing attention to ongoing tensions over Hong Kong’s debate on electoral reform and Hong Kong’s autonomy from the Chinese cen- tral government under the ‘‘one country, two systems’’ approach. The Commission observed developments raising concerns that the Chinese and Hong Kong governments may have infringed on the rights of the people of Hong Kong, including in the areas of polit- ical participation and democratic reform, press freedom, and free- dom of assembly. UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE AND AUTONOMY Hong Kong’s Basic Law guarantees freedom of speech, religion, and assembly; promises Hong Kong a ‘‘high degree of autonomy’’; and affirms the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) applies to Hong Kong.1 The Basic Law also states that its ‘‘ultimate aim’’ is the election of Hong Kong’s Chief Execu- tive (CE) ‘‘by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly rep- resentative nominating committee in accordance with democratic procedures’’ and of the Legislative Council (LegCo) ‘‘by universal suffrage.’’ 2 The CE is currently chosen by a 1,200-member Election Committee,3 largely consisting of members elected in functional constituencies made up of professionals, corporations, religious and social organizations, and trade and business interest groups.4 Forty LegCo members are elected directly by voters and 30 by functional constituencies.5 The electors of many functional constituencies, however, reportedly have close ties to or are supportive of the Chi- nese government.6 Despite committing in principle to allow Hong Kong voters to elect the CE by universal suffrage in 2017, the Chinese govern- ment’s framework for electoral reform 7 restricts the ability of vot- ers to nominate CE candidates for election.
    [Show full text]
  • VI. Developments in Hong Kong and Macau
    VI. Developments in Hong Kong and Macau Findings • During the Commission’s reporting year, a number of deeply troubling developments in Hong Kong undermined the ‘‘one country, two systems’’ governance framework, which led the U.S. Secretary of State to find that Hong Kong has not main- tained a high degree of autonomy for the first time since the handover in July 1997. • On June 30, 2020, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) passed the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (National Security Law), by- passing Hong Kong’s Legislative Council. To the extent that this law criminalizes secession, subversion, terrorist activities, and collusion with foreign states, this piece of legislation vio- lates Hong Kong’s Basic Law, which specifies that Hong Kong shall pass laws concerning national security. Additionally, the National Security Law raises human rights and rule of law concerns because it violates principles such as the presumption of innocence and because it contains vaguely defined criminal offenses that can be used to unduly restrict fundamental free- doms. • The Liaison Office of the Central People’s Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (PRC Liaison Office) declared in April 2020 that neither it nor the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office, both being State Council agencies, were subject to Article 22 of the Basic Law—a provision designed to protect Hong Kong’s high degree of autonomy. The Hong Kong government had long interpreted the provision to cover the PRC Liaison Office, but it reversed itself overnight in an ap- parent attempt to conform its position to that of the central government.
    [Show full text]
  • China October 2004
    China Country Report OCTOBER 2004 Country Information and Policy Unit IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Contents 1. Scope of the Document 1.1–1.10 2. Geography 2.1–2.19 The Environment 2.4–2.8 Population 2.9–2.11 Naming Conventions 2.12–2.13 Languages 2.14–2.19 - Dialects within Fujian 2.16–2.17 - Pinyin Translation System 2.18–2.19 3. Economy 3.1–3.23 Poverty 3.2–3.7 Go West Development Programme 3.8–3.10 State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) 3.11–3.13 - Liaoning Province 3.13 Unemployment 3.14 Currency 3.15 Corruption 3.16–3.23 4. History 4.1–4.17 China, 1949–66 4.1–4.2 China, 1966–74: Cultural Revolution 4.3–4.4 China, October 2004 China, 1976–78 4.5–4.6 China, 1978–89: Economic Reform 4.7–4.8 China, 1989: Tiananmen Square Protests 4.9–4.11 Post-Tiananmen Square 4.12–4.17 5. State Structures 5.1–5.104 The Constitution 5.1–5.4 Citizenship and Nationality 5.5–5.8 The Political System 5.9–5.23 - The Leadership 5.12–5.20 - Village Committees 5.21–5.23 Judiciary 5.24–5.29 - Criminal Procedures Law (1997) 5.28 - Law on Administrative Appeals (1999) 5.29 Legal Rights/Detention 5.30–5.46 - Hitting an Official 5.37–5.38 - Arrest Warrants 5.39 - Death Penalty 5.40–5.45 - Organ Harvesting 5.46 Internal Security 5.47–5.56 - Police Accountability 5.49–5.52 - Police Organisation 5.53 - Police Corruption/Incompetence 5.54–5.56 Prisons and Prison Conditions 5.57–5.73 - Model Prisons 5.62–5.63 - Prison Conditions in Fujian 5.64 - Prison Conditions in Tibet (Xizang) 5.65–5.68 - Re-education through Labour (RTL) 5.69–5.71 -
    [Show full text]
  • Macau Leadership Styles and Practices: Empirical Investigations on Sino-Macanese Managerial Preferences
    Sander Schroevers, Jiatong Wang/ AU-HIU Journal Vol 1 No 1 (2021) 36-43 36 MACAU LEADERSHIP STYLES AND PRACTICES: EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON SINO-MACANESE MANAGERIAL PREFERENCES Sander Schroevers1, Jiatong Wang2 Received: April 2021 Revised: June 2021 Accepted: July 2021 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract This study maps the theoretical and nomological network around effective leadership styles in Macau. Since the return of the Macau peninsula to China in 1999, Europe’s oldest rear window on China has undergone significant geo-economic and social transformation. Today, nearly half of the population comprise Mainland Chinese immigrants, while around seventy percent of tourists come from the inland. In light of the central government in Beijing’s plans for the Greater Bay Area, the Belt Road Initiative and the Renminbi offshore centre in Macau, which, in turn, will increase the presence of mainland senior executives in Macau, it is of paramount importance to investigate the relationship between the prevailing leadership styles and practices in Macau and the socio-cultural leadership philosophies practiced in Mainland China. Below we discuss the implications of the substantive findings for our understanding of effective leadership practices for this Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Keywords: Leadership, Culture, Leadership style, Macao, Macau, China, HRM, Chinese management JEL Classification Code: F23 _________________________________________________________________________________________ e-Journal 1. Introduction The Macau peninsula is a small slice of Europe nestled in East Asia, which directly faces Hong Kong across the Pearl River estuary. With a population of a mere 650,000 and a total land mass of only thirty square km, Macau by most standards is incredibly small.
    [Show full text]