Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918: Third Edition Roger Chickering Index More Information
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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03768-7 - Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918: Third Edition Roger Chickering Index More information Index Abyssinia, 102 Baltic provinces, 60, 118, 186, 190, 195, AEG, see German General Electric 200 Company German occupation, 85, 90–1 Afghanistan, 102 Baltic Sea, 114 Africa, 3, 95, 102, 118 Barbarossa, Friedrich, 233 Aisne, river, 29, 209 Barmen, 130 Algeria, 102 Bavaria, 6, 19, 34, 50, 172, 189 All Quiet on the Western Front (Erich Maria Bayer, 1, 39 Remarque), 122, 236 Beckmann, Max, 161, 162 Alps, 202 “beer-hall putsch,” 232 Alsace-Lorraine, 6, 26, 28, 84, 115, Beethoven, Ludwig van, 156, 159 119 Belfort, 20 Amiens, 209 Belgian Congo, 97 Anatolia, 101, 103 Belgium, 21–6, 28, 29, 35, 58, 60, 63, 64, Anglophobia, 47 83, 84, 89, 94, 97, 99, 113, 139, 156, anti-Semitism, 151–2, 255 163, 175 Antwerp, 140 army 26, 48 Apocalyptic City (Ludwig Meidner), 161 German occupation, 85, 87–90, 91, 92, Arabs, 102 93, 228 Argentina, 41 judiciary strike, 89 Arizona, 195 Below, Georg von, 111 Armenians, 103–4 Benedict XV, Pope, 150 Arras, 60, 197–8, 200 Benn, Gottfried, 161, 162 Artois, 58 Berlin, 2, 4, 6, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 20, 34, Asia, 95, 190 45, 49–50, 72, 75, 87, 93, 108, 124, askaris, 97 138, 145, 146, 161, 162, 164, 177, Atlantic Ocean, 107, 109 179, 181, 182, 183, 186, 190, 195, atrocities, 83–5, 103, 118, 156 207, 216, 230, 234–5, 248 Augsburg, 183 Beseler, Hans von, 91 Austria–Hungary, 10–11, 13, 53, 54–7, 60, Bethmann Hollweg, Theobald von, 5, 11, 72, 92–3, 101, 186, 194, 196, 200, 12, 50, 53, 54, 63, 64, 65, 73, 76, 78, 213, 222, 223, 224–6 91, 93, 107–9, 185–6, 187, 189, army, 29, 55, 57, 60, 70, 71, 72, 77, 84, 193–4 93, 202, 213, 224–5 and Falkenhayn, 61–4, 65 strike, Vienna, January 1918, 183 Beumelberg, Werner, 236 Auxiliary Service Law, 81–2, 134, 176, Bildermann, 162 181, 182 Bildungsburgertum¨ , 158, 185 Bismarck, Otto von, 8, 61 Baden, 6, 43, 119 Black Forest, 36 Baghdad, 101 black market, 45, 132, 138, 165, 171, 172 Balkan Wars, 100 Black Sea, 190 Balkans, 3 “blank check,” 11 265 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03768-7 - Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918: Third Edition Roger Chickering Index More information 266 Index blockade, Allied, 36, 37, 39, 41, 45, 48, Clemenceau, Georges, 226 92, 106, 108, 163, 225 Club Dada, 162 Boelcke, Willi, 112 Cologne, 119, 136, 145, 161, 162 Boers, 96 Cologne Gunpowder Factory, 129 Bohemia, 224 colonialism, 2, 8, 9, 47, 87, 90, 95–7, 99, Bolsheviks, 102, 183, 189, 190, 192, 195, 100 196, 201, 230 Committee for Union and Progress, 100, Bosch, Robert, 38 103 Bosnia, 10 Conrad von Hotzendorf,¨ Franz, 55 Braunschweig, 177, 179, 181, 182 Conservative party, 8, 64, 186 Bremen, 118, 177, 179, 182 Constantinople, 100, 102, 103 Breslau, 166 constitution, 2, 4, 5, 7, 16, 19, 33, 63, 125, Brest-Litovsk, 190–1, 196, 231 158, 180, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, British East Africa, 98 192, 195, 213–14, 230, 232, 234, 241 British Empire, 98, 100, 228 Crimea, 190 British Expeditionary Force, see Great Czechs, 55, 225 Britain, army Brittain, Vera, 112 Dachau, 172 Brusilov Offensive, 70, 72, 215 Dadaism, 162 Brussels, 24, 88, 139 Dahomey, 96 Bucharest, 77 Danes, 6 Bulgaria, 53, 60, 84, 213 Dardanelles, 60, 101 army, 60, 77 Darlehenskassen, see loan bureaus Bund neues Vaterland, 175 Darmstadt, 13, 16 Bundesrat, 5, 34, 42–4, 126 Deecke, Wilhelm, 157 Burgfrieden, 34, 79, 148, 151, 153, Dehmel, Richard, 159 184 Deist, Wilhelm, 211 Denmark, 232 Cambrai, 203 deputy commanding generals, 33–4, 35, Cameroons, 97–8 50, 65, 76, 79, 80, 82, 87, 151, 160, Canada, 102 169, 174, 175, 177, 178 Cannae, 21 desertion, 55, 71, 115, 116, 202 Caporetto, Battle of, 202 Dix, Otto, 162 Caroline Islands, 95 Dolchsstoss, see “stab in the back” Carthage, 21 Don, river, 190 Caspian Sea, 190 Douaumont, Fort, 68, 71 Cassirer, Paul, 162 dreadnoughts, 104 Catholic Center party, 64, 81, 186, 189, Dreimaderlhaus,¨ Das, 159 191, 214 Dresden, 161 Catholicism, 5–7, 8, 51, 64, 113, 138, 148, Duisberg, Carl, 39 150–1, 154, 155, 157, 168, 174, 186, Duma, 224 216, 231, 232, 237 Durer,¨ Albrecht, 161 Caucasus, 95, 100, 101, 102, 190, 196 Dusseldorf,¨ 119, 129, 131, 140, 172, 177 censorship, 49–50, 64, 104, 119, 120, 121, Dusseldorf¨ Pipes and Iron Rolling Works, 122, 139, 160, 162, 174, 177 131 Chambers, Frank P., 107 Dwinger, Edwin Erich, 236 Champagne, 58, 198, 200 Charlottenburg, 166 East Prussia, 26, 84, 119, 235 Chateau-Thierry, 209 “Easter message” (Osterbotschaft), 186 Chemin des Dames, 200, 206 Ebert, Friedrich, 176, 216, 235, 236 child-labor laws, 145 Edlbauer, Peter, 111 Chile, 41 Egypt, 102 China, 95 Elbe, river, 5 Christliche Welt, Die, 149 England, see Great Britain Christmas, 13, 116 English Channel, 21, 29, 58, 105, 107, 109 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03768-7 - Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918: Third Edition Roger Chickering Index More information Index 267 Enver Pasha, 101 German East Africa, 97, 99 Erzberger, Matthias, 186, 217 German Fatherland Party, 188 Essen, 37, 179 German General Electric Company Estonia, 94 (AEG), 37, 38, 39 Etappe, 86, 114, 116, 208, 212 German Peace Society, 174, 175 ethnic cleansing, 91 Germanization, 6 expressionism, 161–2 Ghent, 90 Giap, Vo Nguyen, 98, 99 Falkenhayn, Erich von, 51–62, 65, 67–71, Glaeser, Ernst, 144 72–3, 77, 82, 107 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 156 Faust, 158, 161 Gold Coast, 96, 98 Federal Council, see Bundesrat Gorlice, 57, 58 Feldpostbriefe, 121 Great Britain, 2, 3, 13, 21, 24, 29, 47, 50, Finke, Heinrich, 157 51, 53–4, 65, 67, 88, 95–8, 99, 101, Finland, 190 102, 104–9, 110, 112, 117–18, 119, Fischer, Fritz, 3, 11, 193 125, 147, 149, 158, 160, 193, 195, Flanders, 29, 51, 58, 89, 90, 157, 200, 206 200, 220, 222, 225–8 language, 89, 90 army, 24, 28, 58–60, 68, 71, 98–9, 101, Foch, Ferdinand, 206 102, 112–13, 116, 118, 192, 198, Foreign Office, German, 49, 100, 107, 195 202, 203, 206, 209, 213, 227, 228 fourteen points, 213 navy, 104, 106, 109, 227 France, 6, 11–13, 18, 21–6, 28, 29, 35, 51, Grand Fleet, 105, 108 58, 60, 63, 66, 67–71, 83–4, 96, 97, Ministry of Munitions, 227 98, 99, 102, 107, 110, 117–18, 119, Great Depression, 231, 232 125, 139, 141, 148, 150, 158, 160, Greeks, 103 186, 193, 200, 209, 222, 223, 225–6, Grenzstreifen, see Polish border strip 227, 232 Groener, Wilhelm, 80, 81, 82 army, 11–29, 48, 60, 68–9, 71, 112–13, Groot, Gerard de, 84 115, 116, 118, 192, 198–200, 202, Groß, Gerhard, 243 203, 206, 209, 213, 226 Grosz, Georg, 162 army mutinies, 116, 200, 208, 225 Guard Corps, Prussian, 19 German occupation, 85, 86–7, 89, 93, Guevara, Che, 98, 99 228 Gustavus Adolphus, 99 Ministry of Armaments, 226 Socialists, 226 Haber, Fritz, 38, 152 Francis Ferdinand, 10 Habsburg monarchy, 94, 220, see also Franco-Prussian War, 1870–71, 1, 18–19, Austria-Hungary 20, 23, 24, 29, 33, 35, 68, 74, 84, 85 Haeckel, Ernst, 156 Frankfurt an der Oder, 14, 124 Hague conferences, 85 Frau ohne Schatten, Die (Richard Strauss), Hague conventions, 117 161 Halle, 181, 182 Frauen im Krieg (Meta Scheele), 139 Hamburg, 6, 79, 166, 182, 183, 230 Freiburg, 15, 45, 111, 119, 144, 157 Hamsterfahrt, 46, 172 French Equatorial Africa, 97 Hannibal, 21 French Revolution, 66, 158 Hanover, 161 Frisia, 6 Harnack, Adolf von, 156 Furth,¨ 136 Hauptmann, Gerhard, 156 Heartfield, John, 162 Galicia, 29, 55–7, 101, 200 Hebbel, Friedrich, 159 Gallipoli, 101 Heckel, Erich, 162 General Staff, 11, 19, 20, 51, 74 Heidegger, Martin, 157 German Army League, 8 Helfferich, Karl, 124 German Communist Party, 230, 232, 235, Herero, 96, 97, 99 237, 240 Hertling, Georg von, 189, 213 German Democratic Republic, 240, 262 Heym,Georg,161 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03768-7 - Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918: Third Edition Roger Chickering Index More information 268 Index Hindenburg Line, 55, 198, 203 Kabul, 102 Hindenburg peace, 185 Kant, Immanuel, 156 Hindenburg Program, 77–83, 89, 108, Karlsruhe, xii, 43, 119, 124 130, 163, 196, 197, 202, 203, 204, Kennan, George, 219 218 Kennedy, Paul, 228 Hindenburg, Paul von, 26, 54, 57, 73–5, Kerensky Offensive, 200 76–7, 80–1, 108–9, 124, 155, 185, Kerensky, Alexander, 200, 201 187, 196, 216, 217, 235, 236 Kiel, 183, 207 Hitler, Adolf, 3, 14, 76, 146, 237 Kirdorf, Emil, 39 Hohenzollerns, 94, 220 Kolnische¨ Zeitung,47 Holtzendorff, Henning von, 109 Kovno, 57 Horne, John, 221 KRA, see Ministry of War, War Materials Howells, William Dean, 1 Section Hugenberg, Alfred, 184 Kracauer, Siegfried, 159 Humperdinck, Engelbert, 157 Kriegsamt, see Supreme War Office Hun, 84 Kriegsanleihe, see war bonds Hungary, 224, 225, see also Kriegsernahrungsamt¨ , see War Food Office Austria-Hungary Kriegsrohstoffgesellschaften, see War Materials Corporations I. G. Farben, 39 Kriegstheologie, see war theology “ideas of 1789,” 158 Krupp, 1, 37, 129, 135, 184 “ideas of 1914,” see “spirit of 1914” Kuhlmann,¨ Richard von, 195–6 Imperial Food Corporations, 44 Kultur, 156, 157–9 Imperial Grain Corporation, 43, 44 Kulturkampf,5,154 Imperial Naval Office, 49 Kut-al-Amara, 101 Imperial Snow Corporation, 45 impressionism, 160 labor movement, 16, 62, 80, 81, 82, 174, Independent Social Democratic Party, 176, 177–9, 181, 182, 183, 185, 192, 182–4, 185, 186, 187, 189, 191, 220, 230, 232 207–8, 230, 262, 263, see also Social Catholic, 150, 186 Democratic Party Lamprecht, Karl, 158 India, 98, 100, 101, 102, 190 Landwehr,19 inflation,